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Legislative Assembly","attrs":{"lang":"en","ns":"http:\/\/purl.org\/dc\/terms\/creator","classmap":"dpla:SourceResource","property":"dcterms:creator"},"iri":"http:\/\/purl.org\/dc\/terms\/creator","explain":"A Dublin Core Terms Property; An entity primarily responsible for making the resource.; Examples of a Contributor include a person, an organization, or a service."}],"DateAvailable":[{"label":"Date Available","value":"2014-12-10","attrs":{"lang":"en","ns":"http:\/\/purl.org\/dc\/terms\/issued","classmap":"edm:WebResource","property":"dcterms:issued"},"iri":"http:\/\/purl.org\/dc\/terms\/issued","explain":"A Dublin Core Terms Property; Date of formal issuance (e.g., publication) of the resource."}],"DateIssued":[{"label":"Date Issued","value":"[1902]","attrs":{"lang":"en","ns":"http:\/\/purl.org\/dc\/terms\/issued","classmap":"oc:SourceResource","property":"dcterms:issued"},"iri":"http:\/\/purl.org\/dc\/terms\/issued","explain":"A Dublin Core Terms Property; Date of formal issuance (e.g., publication) of the resource."}],"DigitalResourceOriginalRecord":[{"label":"Digital Resource Original Record","value":"https:\/\/open.library.ubc.ca\/collections\/bcsessional\/items\/1.0064150\/source.json","attrs":{"lang":"en","ns":"http:\/\/www.europeana.eu\/schemas\/edm\/aggregatedCHO","classmap":"ore:Aggregation","property":"edm:aggregatedCHO"},"iri":"http:\/\/www.europeana.eu\/schemas\/edm\/aggregatedCHO","explain":"A Europeana Data Model Property; The identifier of the source object, e.g. the Mona Lisa itself. This could be a full linked open date URI or an internal identifier"}],"FileFormat":[{"label":"File Format","value":"application\/pdf","attrs":{"lang":"en","ns":"http:\/\/purl.org\/dc\/elements\/1.1\/format","classmap":"edm:WebResource","property":"dc:format"},"iri":"http:\/\/purl.org\/dc\/elements\/1.1\/format","explain":"A Dublin Core Elements Property; The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource.; Examples of dimensions include size and duration. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary such as the list of Internet Media Types [MIME]."}],"FullText":[{"label":"Full Text","value":" REPOET OF THE COMMISSION\n-RESPECTING\t\nFREIGHT TARIFFS\n\u2014ON-\nFRUITS AND AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS\n-ON THE-\nCANADIAN PACIFIC RAILWAY.\nTHE GOVERNMENTOF\nTHE PROVINCE OF BRITISH. COLUM-H\"?\nVICTORIA, B. C:\nPrinted by Richard Wolfenden, Printer to the King's Most Excellent Majesty.\n1902. 2 Ed. 7 Agricultural Freight Tariffs, 707\nREPORT\nOf R. M. Palmer, Joint Commissioner of the Provincial Government and. the Canadian\nPacific Railway Company, to enquire into the question of freight rates on farm\nproduce in the Province of British Columbia and the improvement of shipping\nfacilities in respect to such products.\nBy Command.\nJ. D. PRENTICE,\nMinister of Finance and, Agriculture.\nProvincial Secretary's Office,\nFebruary 12th, 1902.\nVictoria, 14th March, 1901.\nR. M. Palmer, Esq.,\nDepartment of Agriculture, Victoria.\nDear Mr. Palmer,\u2014Herewith find enclosed a letter from Mr. Geo. McL. Brown,\nExecutive Agent of the 0. P. R., to Mr. Peters, District Freight Agent, Vancouver. You\nare hereby authorised to discuss freight matters with Mr. Peters, so far as they affect\nagricultural produce in this Province, and other matters which may affect the farmers'\ninterests, in so far as the 0. P. R. is concerned. In returning to Victoria, you will be in a\nposition to enter upon your duties as a Special Commissioner in respect of the matters in\nquestion, and I will then give you more definite instructions as to the course to pursue.\nYours truly,\n(Signed) J. H. Turner,\nMinister of Agriculture.\nVictoria, 19th March, 1901.\nR. M. Palmer, Esq.,\nDepartment of Agriculture, Victoria.\nDear Sir,\u2014With further reference to our former conversations and my note of the 14th\ninstant, you are authorised to confer with the 0. P. R. authorities in relation to freight rates\non farm produce, and to co-operate, with them with a view to adjusting any grievances which\nmay exist and of promoting the sale of British Columbia products in British Columbia and\nthe North-West, so as, as far as possible, to conserve the market in this Province to our own\npeople.\nFor this purpose the Government has decided to commission you to devote yourself for\nthe next two or three months, or as long as may be necessary, to this work. Your name\nsuggested itself to my mind as a fit and proper person to undertake this mission, owing to\nyour familiarity with agriculture in this Province and your knowledge of the economic\nconditions governing the industry; and as such I recommended your appointment, as in every\nway more satisfactory to the farming community than the bringing in of an outside Commissioner, as was at first proposed by the Canadian Pacific Railway Company.\nYou are expected, therefore, after a conference with the officials of the C. P. R. freight\ndepartment, and obtaining the necessary authority to act on their behalf in dealing with the\nfarmers, to thoroughly acquaint yourself with the tariff of rates so far as British Columbia 708 Canadian Pacific Railway. 1902\nand the North-West are concerned, and also the tariff in respect of produce imported into\nBritish Columbia from the United States and from Eastern Canada. You are further\nexpected to enquire fully into the requirements of the agricultural industry, so far as British\nColumbia is concerned, and into any grievances that may at present exist, and to do your\nutmost to so adjust the freight rates as to be satisfactory to the farming community dependent\non markets for their produce and to further the object in view, viz., the development of inter-\nProvincial and inter-sectional trade.\nI may add that the arrangement is satisfactory to the Canadian Pacific Railway Company,\nthe officials of which have cheerfully accepted and acted upon the proposal, and I therefore\nbespeak for you their very cordial co-operation in bringing about a reasonable adjustment of\nthe whole question of freight rates, so far as they affect the farmer.\nYours truly,\n(Signed) J. H. Turner,\nMinister of Finance and Agriculture.\nVictoria, B. C, February 10th, 1902.\nTo the Honourable\nthe Minister of Finance and Agriculture.\nSir,\u2014In accordance with the instructions contained in your communication of March\n19th, 1901, I at once proceeded to Vancouver, and after interviewing the following officials of\nthe Canadian Pacific Railway Company, viz : Mr. G. M. Bosworth, Freight Traffic Manager ;\nMr. W. R. Mclnnes, Assistant Freight Traffic Manager ; and Mr. F. W. Peters, General\nFreight Agent, completed arrangements for carrying out the objects of the commission.\nFrom the commencement of the work to its close every facility and opportunity desired\nwas given by the Canadian Pacific Railway Officials, and I was assured it was their desire to\nremove any grievances which might exist, and, if necessary, make such changes in freight rates\nand services as would further promote the marketing of fruit and farm produce and hasten\nthe development of the country served by the Canadian Pacific Railway.\nThrough the courtesy of Mr. J. C. Metcalfe, Secretary of the Transportation Committee of\nthe Central Farmers' Institute, I received information collected by him bearing upon freight\nrates and production, also correspondence relating thereto, which proved of considerable service.\nThe following places and districts were visited during the inquiry :\u2014\nVictoria, Vancouver, New Westminster, Lytton, Kelowna, Peachland, Penticton, Vernon,\nGalletly's Landing, Coldstream Ranch, Salmon Arm, Armstrong, Enderby, Mara, Revelstoke,\nGreenwood, Anaconda, Midway, Grand Forks, Nelson, Waneta, Rossland, Chilliwack,\nHarrison, Port Hammond, Mission City, Huntingdon, Abbotsford, Agassiz, Lumby, Hazelmere,\nWinnipeg, Brandon, Regina, Calgary, Lethbridge, McLeod and Fernie, wherever possible; also\nat British Columbia points public meetings were held for the discussion of the questions dealt\nwith.\nSpecial freight tariffs, naming rates and defining the conditions of shipment for fruits and\nfarm produce, were issued by the Canadian Pacific Railway Company as follows : \u2014\n1.\u2014Special Freight Tariff No. 628, on apples, fruit and vegetables, at owner's risk;\nreleased from stations on the Pacific Division to West Kootenay mining points, stations on\nBoundary Section, and on Crow's Nest Section ; also to stations on Pacific and Western\nDivisions. Effective March 20th, 1901.\n2.\u2014Special freight tariff No. 629, on apples, fruit and vegetables, at owner's risk ; released\nfrom stations on the Pacific Division to Vancouver, Westminster, Victoria and Nanaimo.\nEffective March 20th, 1901.\n3.\u2014Special Freight Tariff No. 630, on grain, flour, oatmeal, millstuffs and vegetables, in\nstraight or mixed carloads, from stations on the Pacific Division to Vancouver, Westminster,\nVictoria and Nanaimo. Effective March 20th, 1901.\n4.\u2014Special Freight Tariff No. 631, on grain, flour, oatmeal, millstuffs and vegetables, in\nstraight or mixed carloads; also hay in carloads, from stations on the Pacific Division to West\nKootenay points, stations on Boundary Section and Crow's Nest Section, via Arrowhead B. C.\nEffective April 2nd, 1901. Superseding Tariff No. 568, March 28th, 1900. 2 Ed. 7. Agricultural Freight Tariffs, 709\nAnd by the Canadian Pacific Navigation Company, as follows :\u2014\n5. \u2014Special Freight Tariff No. 3, naming rates for transportation of freight between\nVictoria, Vancouver, Ladner's Landing, Steveston, Chilliwack, West Coast Points, Northern\nCoast Points and intermediate ports of call. Effective May 1st, 1901. Superseding all\nprevious tariffs.\nThese tariffs formed the basis upon which questions of freight rates and service affecting\nagricultural interests were considered at the meetings held, or discussed with individuals in\nthe districts visited.\nCopies of these special tariffs are attached to this report.\nDuring the progress of the work, based on information obtained and knowledge of the\nconditions appertaining, recommendations were made, from time to time, to the officials of the\nCanadian Pacific Railway Company regarding freight rates and service, resulting in the\nfollowing special rates and concessions being made :\u2014\n6.\u2014Special Rate No. P. 1\/94, taking effect May 27th, 1901; covering the shipment of\nfruit box shooks and veneer fruit packages between Vancouver, Port Moody, New Westminster\nand points along the main line of the Canadian Pacific Railway as far as Revelstoke, and\npoints along the Shuswap & Okanagan branch line, and Okanagan Lake ports.\nThis special rate covered a reduction of from 20 to 50 %, according to distance from\nshipping point, on the rate which applied to similar shipments previously. The object of this\nrate was to encourage the use of modern improved packages for shipping fruits.\n7.\u2014Special Rate No. P. 1\/95, taking effect May 28th, 1901 ; covering the shipment of\nfresh fruits in less than carloads between Kamloops and intermediate points and Vancouver,\nVictoria, New Westminster and Nanaimo.\nInterior points, through this special rate, obtained a reduction of 33 % on the rates\npreviously in force on fresh fruit shipments.\n8.\u2014Supplement No. 1 to Special Freight Tariff No. 628, on apples, fruit and vegetables\nat owner's risk ; released from stations on the Pacific Division to West Kootenay mining\npoints, stations on Boundary Section and on Crow's Nest Section, allowing the shipment of\nmixed carloads of apples, fruit and vegetables at the rates applying respectively to straight\ncarloads. Effective, June 5th, 1901.\nThe object of this concession was to facilitate trade and to meet the requirements of\nbuyers and sellers of fruits and farm produce, particularly in early shipments. It has proved\na most valuable concession.\n9.\u2014Supplement to Special Freight Tariff No. 3, Canadian Pacific Navigation Company,\nnaming rates for transportation of freight between Victoria, Vancouver, Ladner's Landing,\nSteveston, Chilliwack, West Coast Points, Northern Coast Points and intermediate ports of\ncall. Effective, August 1st, 1901; superseding all conflicting rates in tariff No. 3.\nThis supplement covers reductions in rates on shipments of fruit and farm produce\ngenerally, including hogs, between Chilliwack and intermediate points and coast points, and\nincludes also a reduction of one-half on through shipments in wharfage charges, as provided\nfor in Special Freight Tariff No. 3. In this connection, also, the dates of sailing of the\nsteamer on the Chilliwack route were changed to meet the wishes of residents of that district.\n10.\u2014Special Rate No. P. 1\/119, in effect from July 16th, 1901, to August 11th, 1901.\nThis special rate allowed the shipment of carloads of potatoes from Okanagan points, including\nthe lake ports, to West Kootenay points, at the special rate given in Tariff No. 631, with\nminimum weights of 24,000 pounds in place of 36,000 pounds. The object of this concession\n\u2014which was freely used\u2014was the encouragement of trade in early potatoes between the points\nnamed.\n11.\u2014Special Rate No. P. 1\/131, taking effect August 13th, 1901. This rate provided\nfor the shipment of rye in carloads from Okanagan Lake points to Armstrong and Enderby,\nat a reduction of $2 per ton from the rate previously in force.\n12.\u2014Special Rate No. P. 1\/136, taking effect August 15th, 1901. This rate provided for\nthe shipment of green vegetables, including potatoes, from Okanagan points and lake ports to\nCalgary at a reduction of rather more than 30 % from the ordinary classification rate.\n13.\u2014Special Rate No. P. 1\/76. This provided for the shipment of fresh fruit at a nominal\nrate'from Trout Creek and Peachland to Kelowna, and for re-packing and shipment from that\npoint to North-West and Kootenay points. Its object was the development of trade in car\nlots with distant markets. 710 Canadian Pacific Railway. 1902\n14.\u2014Special Rate on stumping powder. This rate provided for the shipment of stumping\nand blasting powder in carloads, supplied through the Provincial Government at one-half the\nusual rate, and allowed the distribution of same in lots as required at points along the line of\nrailway.\nUp to the present time, unfortunately, this concession has not been taken advantage of,\nbut no doubt will be in the near future.\n15.\u2014Special Rate on stock shipments. This rate provided for the shipment of stockers\n(young cattle) from Ontario points to points in the ranching districts of the Province, at $175\nper carload, a reduction of \u00a725 per car from the rate previously in force. It was made to meet\nthe requirements of the ranching districts, in re-stocking, through the agency of the Provincial\nLive Stock & Dairymen's Association, and has been largely used.\n16.\u2014Wharfage charges on freight delivered at Kelowna. These are to be discontinued.\n17.\u2014Free transportation was granted to the expert fruit-packer engaged by the British\nColumbia Fruit Growers' Association to give lessons in grading, packing and shipping fruit to\nand from all points on the Pacific Division of the Canadian Pacific Railway, while engaged in\nthis work during the past season, and to the agent of the British Columbia Fruit Growers'\nAssociation in charge of the car of fruit shipped to Winnipeg.\nTwo important matters in connection with the transportation of fruit to distant markets\nyet remain to be dealt with in a satisfactory manner, viz.: suitable refrigerator cars for\ncarrying soft fruits, with which may be included arrangements for icing en route ; and the\nmaking of quicker time between shipping points and destination than ordinarily.\nThe attention of the Canadian Pacific Railway officials has been drawn to these questions,\nand the service has been improved in both respects.\nWith the development of the fruit-shipping trade, it will in time become possible to give\na special, expedited fruit service, such as is in operation between fruit-growing centres in\nCalifornia and Oregon to this Province. At the present time it must be recognised that the\ncomparative insignificance of the fruit business in British Columbia renders it difficult to\narrange for the use of first-class refrigerator cars and give the fast service required\u2014just at\nthe time they are wanted.\nOwing, in part, to the unfortunate strike which prevailed amongst track employees of the\nCanadian Pacific Railway during the summer of 1901, some contemplated improvements in\nfreight service and shipping facilities, concerning which representations had been made, have\nbeen laid over, but will be dealt with, I am assured, during the season of 1902. Other\nrepresentations are still under consideration by the Canadian Pacific Railway officials.\nAmongst these are a way-freight service between points along the Mission Branch of the\nCanadian Pacific Railway and the cities of New Westminster and Vancouver, and improved\nshipping facilities from Armstrong and Enderby.\nIt is with much pleasure I am able to report that the crops of fruit and farm produce\nraised during the past season in the districts tributary to the Canadian Pacific Railway have\nbeen well marketed. Prices have ranged higher than in preceding years, especially in the\ncase of apples and other fruits. This, in conjunction with favourable rates and better service,\nhas resulted in a marked improvement in the condition of the agricultural community generally. The outlook for the future is brighter and fully justifies the hopeful feeling existent.\nOne of the greatest difficulties with which the shipper of fruit and farm produce has had\nto contend, and which can only be overcome gradually, has been the inadequate supply available compared with the demand. The impossibility which often existed of making up carload\nlots prevented the utilisation of carload rates. Shipments were often not sufficiently large\nto command the attention of wholesale dealers, and on this account prices would be cut to\nmake quick sales and escape storage charges, and consignments would be placed with small\ndealers outside the regular trade channels to the detriment and disadvantage of the trade\ngenerally, but particularly of the unfortunate shipper. Some districts now produce on a large\nenough scale and are sufficiently well organised to avoid these troubles, but not all. And I\nwish to urge the importance of systematic endeavours to increase production\u2014particularly\nof fruits and early vegetables. There are thousands of acres of land in the Kamloops,\nOkanagan and Osoyoos Districts, especially well-adapted to these purposes, but which at\npresent are in large holdings and used for stock-ranching or wheat-growing purposes. The\nsub-division of these lands into small holdings, where water is available, in conjunction with\nthe building of irrigation ditches, would furnish homes and opportunity for profitable occupation of suitable settlers, build up towns, and in every way inure to the well-being of the\nProvince. 2 Ed. 7. Agricultural Freight Tariffs, 711\nThe growing of small fruits, of varieties which will stand transportation, is capable of\nindefinite extension far beyond present prospects of increase. At none of the points visited\nduring the season in Manitoba, the North-West Territories, or East Kootenay, had the supply\nof small fruits been adequate, and the dealers everywhere asked : \" Why do you not send us\nmore strawberries and other small fruits ?\"\nIn 1901, for the first time, Winnipeg imported strawberries in carload lots. These all\ncame from the Hood River District, in Oregon, arrived in good condition, and proved entirely\nsatisfactory. Four carloads were imported, on which the freight charges and duty alone\namounted to $3,000. This fruit was grown under conditions of soil and climate similar to\nthose of portions of the Okanagan and Kamloops Districts, where at present the home demand\nfor this fruit is insufficiently supplied.\nDuring the time of my trip to market points, information as to prices and market\nconditions was furnished to shippers. The following letter sent from Winnipeg in August,\n1901, indicated the situation in regard to fruits at that time :\u2014\n\" Winnipeg, August 1st, 1901.\n\" The markets for fruit in Manitoba and the North-West Territories are in a very healthy\ncondition. The magnificent wheat crop of the country is fast ripening and will soon be finding\nits way to market. This will make money plentiful and still further increase the demand for\nfruit. At the present time all fruit is scarce and high in price. Plums and Bartlett pears\nfrom California, and water-melons from Georgia, are most in evidence. In Winnipeg, the\nwholesale fruit trade is controlled by a Fruit Exchange, whose members are the wholesale\ndealers. Uniform prices are made to retail dealers, and the supply is regulated to avoid a glut\nof fruit at any time. Short credit only is given, and the system is apparently satisfactory to\nall concerned, except, perhaps, those who are looking for bargains in cheap fruits. British\nColumbia fruit will meet with active competition in all North-West markets, with fruit from\nOregon, Washington and Ontario, and it is most important that great care should be exercised\nin packing and grading the fruit shipped. Iti plums, especially, it is necessary to be careful;\nthe fruit should be uniform in degree of ripeness and in size, and gathered in that condition\nwhich will permit of the fruit 'standing up' several days after reaching destination. Packages\nshould be well filled, so that each crate will contain not less than 24 lbs. net weight of fruit.\n\" California fruit is preferred by retail dealers, principally on account of its keeping\nqualities. It is freely admitted that British Columbia fruit which arrives in good condition is\nsuperior in quality and flavour, but, unfortunately, many of the plum shipments from the\nFraser Valley, in recent years, have arrived in soft condition and could not be marketed satisfactorily ; hence, loss and disappointment to all concerned. On the other hand, fruit from the\nOkanagan Valley has arrived in fine order, firm and well packed, and has given great satisfaction; consequently, there will be plenty of competition amongst buyers for fruit from\nthis district. Freight rates are in favour of the British Columbia shipper, as against shippers\nfrom the United States.\n\"The rate from California points to Winnipeg on fruit in carload is $1.40 per 100 lbs.,\nwith icing charges of 10 cents per package on plums and peaches, and 20 cents per package on\npears and apples. From Oregon and Snake River points the rate is $1.25 per 100 lbs., from\nWashington points $1.12-| per hundred, with icing charges of $25 per car, as against $1 per\n100 lbs. from British Columbia points, and lower icing charges.\n\"It is estimated that at least 50 carloads of pears, peaches and plums will be required\nfor the Winnipeg trade during the present season of 1901.\n(Signed) \" R. M. Palmer.\"\nUp to the season of 1901, Winnipeg and Brandon were the nearest wholesale distributing\npoints for fruit on the line of the Canadian Pacific Railway east of British Columbia; but the\nrapid settlement of the great North-West has brought about corresponding changes in the\ndistribution of fruits as well as other commodities.\nThe McPherson Fruit Co., in 1901, established a wholesale supply depdt for fruits and\nproduce at Calgary, and distributing rates were made from that point to Lethbridge and intermediate points south, Edmonton and intermediate points north, and to points east along the\nmain line of the Canadian Pacific Railway.\nAs a natural result of this trade development, carload shipments of British Columbia\nfruit, such as apples, plums and pears, are necessary to maintain the advantage in realised net prices, which properly belongs to fruit-growers of this Province, in supplying the requirements\nof these sections.\nA matter of considerable importance in connection with the shipment of plums and\npeaches is that the average net weight of fruit in the ordinary four-basket shipping-crate is\n4 lbs. less in the British Columbia than in the United States package. This does not mean\nthat the British Columbia grower is endeavouring to sell light weight packages of fruit, but\nindicates a misunderstanding of the competition he has to meet. As a matter of fact, the\nsmaller package is at a disadvantage in every way, as it appears by comparison to be only\npartially filled, and the price realised is generally less in proportion than the actual weight of\nfruit would justify. No one is deceived but the shipper, as the wholesale merchants discriminate in price to their customers, and the retail buyer is always better satisfied with a well-\nfilled package, even at a higher price.\nIn a printed price list of fruits issued by the McPherson Fruit Co. at Calgary, August\n23rd, 1901, the attention of their customers is drawn to the British Columbia packages in the\nfollowing note :\u2014\n\" Please remember that California and Washington plums weigh 5 lbs. more per crate\nthan British Columbian.\"\nWashington plums were quoted at $1.70 per crate; British Columbia plums at $1.10 per\ncrate. Further comment is hardly necessary.\nFreight rates on carload shipments of British Columbia fruit to Calgary are from 60 cents\nto 90 cents per 100 lbs. lower than on similar shipments to this point from California, Oregon\nor Washington.\nIt may be mentioned here that the transportation of small fruits, such as strawberries,\nraspberries, blackberries and cherries, is carried on by the Dominion Express Co., their cars\nbeing attached to the regular express service from British Columbia points to outside markets,\nboth in the Kootenays and Slocan and North-West.\nThe rates charged compare most favourably with rates on similar shipments carried by\nUnited States Express Companies, in some instances are 40 per cent, lower over equal distances.\nBesides this, special efforts have been made to assist the marketing of fruit and to encourage\nand develop the fruit-growing industry.\nKootenay Markets.\nThe principal markets of West Kootenay\u2014Nelson and Rossland\u2014were found to be\nsupplied with early garden produce, such as asparagus, rhubarb, turnips, beets, green onions\nand spinach, almost entirely from United States sources, shipped in by way of and usually\nwholesaled from Spokane. The markets were well supplied, and on inquiry it was found that\nUnited States-grown garden produce was perferred to that which had been sent in from\nBritish Columbia sources :\u2014\n1. Because of the more neat and handy size of the packages used and the careful methods\nof packing followed :\n2. The continuity of supply, early shipments coming originally from California, later ones\nfrom Oregon, and later still from Washington :\n3. The possibility of supplying trade requirements in other lines, such as fruits, tropical\nand otherwise, and groceries, when buying vegetables, and thus making up carload\nshipments, and taking advantage of carload rates on the whole :\n4. The shorter time required to reach these markets from Spokane, as compared with\nBritish Columbia shipping points.\nOne notable exception was found to exist in the case of greenhouse lettuce, shipped in\nfrom Victoria by expres.s, which had displaced the United States grown lettuce on account of\nits superior quality, so far as the supply available would permit. A similar condition of affairs\nin regard to early vegetable shipments existed in the Boundary District markets\u2014Grand\nForks, Greenwood and other towns\u2014until the local supply of vegetables produced in the\nfamous Kettle River Valley became available, when importation ceased.\nThere is no reason why a good proportion of the demand for produce of this character\nshould not be supplied from British Columbia sources, but to displace United States grown\nproduce it is imperative that the methods of packing, grading and shipping adopted by United\nStates growers should be closely followed, and a continuous supply of vegetables in season\nplanned for by those catering to this trade. 2 Ed. 7. Agricultural Freight Tariffs, 713\nThe demand for winter vegetables in both East and West Kootenay markets is already\nchiefly supplied from the Okanagan and Thompson Valleys. The business is on a sound basis,\nas the market requirements are understood, and under the provisions embodied in Special\nTariff No. 628 and the supplement thereto, the freight rates and service are satisfactory.\nThe greater portion of the fruit of all kinds supplied to West Kootenay markets also came\nfrom United States sources, and owing to the proximity of the fruit-growing districts of\nEastern Washington to these markets, and the low prices usually prevailing there for fruit,\nthese are difficult markets for British Columbia shippers to supply at remunerative prices.\nThe supply of early fruits, maturing in advance of those of Eastern Washington or\nBritish Columbia, naturally comes from California and Oregon sources, via Spokane, under\nconditions of shipment similar to those of early vegetables. On the 18th August, 1901, peach\nplums (the earliest good market variety), of similar quality to those produced in the fruit\nsections of the Okanagan Valley, B. O, were laid down at Nelson from Myers Falls, Washington, for 80 cents per crate of 22 to 24 lbs, net weight, freight and duty paid. At this time,\npeach plums were being marketed freely from British Columbia in North-West and East\nKootenay markets, netting from 75c. to $1 per crate at the point of shipment, express or\nfreight charges being paid by the consignees. This is not a solitary instance, but fairly\nindicates the prevalent market condition for fruits and the reason why West Kootenay\nmerchants invariably stated that British Columbia growers wanted too much for their fruit,\nand British Columbia fruit shippers almost invariably considered that freight rates on fruit\non the C. P. R. were too high. It was evident that no possible reduction in freight rates would\nat all times divert British Columbia fruit shipments to Kootenay points, provided that growers\nand shippers were informed as to prevailing prices in other accessible markets.\nNaturally, therefore, the larger portion of the fruit crop of British Columbia for 1901,\navailable for export, found its way to Manitoba, North-West or East Kootenay markets,\nwhere it competed on more favourable terms with United States grown fruit.\nThis condition, with some modification, may be expected to continue, although, as a result\nof the concessions previously referred to under Supplement No. 1 to Special Tariff No. 628,\nmixed shipments of fruits and vegetables to Nelson have given satisfactory returns to shippers,\nand much larger shipments of fruits, including apples, have been made than in any previous\nseason.\nOwing to the unfortunate labour troubles at Rossland, this point\u2014which naturally would\nfurnish a more favourable market than Nelson, owing to the higher rate on fruit going there\nby United States lines\u2014was unable to take advantage of the concessions made.\nAs instancing the nearness of the source of supply, it may be mentioned that during the\nseason of 1900 apples, plums and prunes were hauled to Rossland by waggon from Bossburg\nand distributed direct to consumers.\nPotato Shipments.\nUsually the opinion was held by growers that lower freight rates should be made, and\nthat a reduction in these meant an increase in the prices paid to growers for produce shipped,\nand this, while true in some instances, is just as erroneous in others, as demonstrated forcibly\nby enquiry into the cause of the low prices paid to growers of potatoes shipped from the\ndistricts of Kamloops, Ashcroft, Salmon Arm and the Okanagan Valley to the West Kootenay\nmarkets during the shipping season of 1900. Potatoes are carried by the C. P. R. from\nOkanagan common points to Nelson common points for 25c. per 100 lbs. in carload lots, and\nfrom Kelowna or Kamloops common points to same destination for 28c. per 100 lbs., the length\nof haul ranging from 260 to 350 miles.\nFrom Spokane and Colville Valley points potatoes are carried via the Spokane Falls &\nNorthern Railway to Nelson or to Rossland, via the Red Mountain Railway, for 25c. per\n100 lbs. in carloads. The haul is much shorter, ranging between 50 and 200 miles less than\nfrom B. C. shipping points.\nThe customs duty required to be paid on potatoes imported into Canada from the United\nStates is 25c. per bushel, or approximately $5 per ton of 2,000 lbs , so that British Columbia\nshippers have an advantage of that amount, other things being equal, over the United States\nshipper. Competition, however, to supply the requirements of the market between growers\nand shippers of the British Columbia districts was such that prices for the main crop shipments\nwere reduced to a very low figure. Potatoes were wholesaled at delivery points as low as $13\nper ton, and Kelowna growers reported net returns as low as $7.50 per ton in some instances. 714 Canadian Pacific Railway. 1902\nAs the United States grower demands from $9 to $10 per ton for potatoes at point of\nshipment, it is evident that prices were reduced to an unreasonable extent, and the United\nStates product would have been just as effectually excluded if prices had been maintained at\nleast $5 per ton in advance of those actually realised. This difference, while hardly noticeable\nin retail prices of potatoes, is sufficient to make the business of potato-growing very profitable\nor the reverse.\nUnfortunately, the market conditions were not generally understood by our farmers, and\n.the C. P. R. was asked to reduce rates\u2014already low\u2014with the idea that any reduction\nsecured would accrue to the grower. It is evident, however, in this case, that lower freight\ncharges really meant lower prices to the Kootenay wholesale buyer, at the expense of the\ntransportation company.\nCo-operation between the different potato-growing districts is essential, if fair prices are\nto be maintained in Kootenay and other outside markets ; and also to prevent overstocking at\nany point. The ease with which the potato crop can be produced renders the product particularly subject to fluctuation in price, and there is considerable danger of the crop becoming\na nonpaying one, despite favourable transportation rates and protective duty, unless intelligent\nmethods of marketing are generally adopted.\nSufficient attention has not been given to the demand for potatoes early in the season for\nshipment to Dawson City and other northern points. This trade requires sound, well-ripened\ntubers\u2014white skinned preferred\u2014and they must be delivered at coast points, Vancouver or\nVictoria, for re-shipment north not later than the 10th September. This demand is estimated\nat 1,500 tons annually.\nUp to the present time the greater portion of the potatoes shipped north from British\nColumbia ports have been imported from the United States. Victoria District has furnished\na portion, and some have been drawn from the high lands of the Fraser River. The districts\nnamed and early locations in the Okanagan and Thompson River Valleys could easily supply\nthe total amount required, and the line of production indicated would relieve other markets\nfor later crops and probably prove more profitable than the latter, judging by the prices realised\nfor early potatoes during the past two seasons. Carload shipments are necessary to take\nadvantage of the special rates given in Tariff No. 630, and care is necessary in the selection of\nvarieties to ensure having well-matured tubers, and also in the use of water in districts where\nirrigation is practised, for the same reason. The water must be withdrawn from the field\nsufficiently long before digging the crop to allow the tubers to ripen perfectly, or they will not\nstand shipping.\nComplaint was made both by shippers and consignees of losses in shipment of early\npotatoes to Kootenay markets, resulting from the heating of the potatoes in transit in the\ncars. The losses were found to be due to the immature condition of the potatoes, which rendered them specially liable to heat, and the neglect of arranging for ventilation and circulation\nof air throughout the car when loaded.\nRecommendations were made to shippers; more attention has been given to these matters\nduring the past season, and the loss has been much less; but it is evident that to avoid\naltogether the risk of loss, regulations covering the ventilation of cars of potatoes or vegetables\nin transit are necessary on the part of the transportation company, requiring their servants to\nsee that this is provided for.\nHay Shipments.\nWhile the yearly hay trade between the Okanagan Valley and Thompson River Valley\ndistricts and the Kootenay and Boundary markets has been very large, it has not been\naltogether satisfactory to either buyers or sellers. In some instances it was claimed that\nfreight rates were too high and partly responsible for the existing dissatisfaction.\nEnquiry at Kootenay and Boundary market points shewed that United States hay, grown\nin the Colville Valley, Eastern Washington, was preferred by buyers to that usually shipped\nin from British Columbia sources, because it was composed of clean, bright timothy, cured\ngreen; whereas the British Columbia hay usually consisted of timothy, more or less mixed\nwith clover and wild grasses, and was not so well cured. Comparison of different samples of\nhay proved the contention was well founded, and that the fault rested with the growers.\nFreight rates on hay from the Colville Valley to Nelson via the Spokane Falls and\nNorthern Railway, or to Rossland via the Red Mountain Railway, are practically the same\nas from Okanagan points to these markets, by the Canadian Pacific Railway, while the length 2 Ed. 7 Agricultural Freight Tariffs, 715\nof haul on the latter is greater by at least 100 miles; so that, given an equally good quality\nof hay from either source, British Columbia growers should have the amount of the duty on\nimported hay\u2014$2 per ton\u2014to their advantage. Whereas, enquiry at Nelson, Rossland and\nGrand Forks shewed that the average price realised for United States hay was from $2 to $3\nper ton higher than for the British Columbia hay, and the greatest demand was for the\nformer.\nI am pleased to report that special efforts were made by Okanagan and Thompson Valley\nhay-growers, during the past season, to meet market requirements. The hay crop generally\nwas saved in fine condition, and compares much more favourably with the United States hay\nthan in previous seasons.\nIn this connection, credit is due to the Brackman-Ker Milling Company, which does a\nvery large trade in hay and feed products with the Kootenays, and used its best endeavours\nto foster and develop the hay trade with British Columbia growers. By means of circular\nletters and through the press, information was conveyed to farmers and dealers as to market\nconditions and requirements and methods of curing necessary to secure the quality of hay in\ndemand.\nCertain districts will always produce hay more suitable for market than others, and it is\nadvisable in districts where the requisite quality and colour are not attainable to feed the hay\non the farm, turning it into beef or butter, rather than to attempt to force sales in distant\nmarkets\u2014which is equivalent to inviting trouble\u2014and is also apt to disturb market prices for\nbetter quality hay.\nDuring the \" boom \" period of the Kootenays, when railway construction and the building\nup of the centres of activity were in full swing, the demand for hay was so extensive that\nbuyers were glad to get supplies from all sources, and all qualities were saleable; but with the\nsteadying of trade conditions consequent on the passing of this period, supply and demand\nbecame equally balanced. Buyers discriminate, and dealers are obliged to consider carefully the\nrequirements of their customers, with the net result that only first-class hay is wanted and\nshould be shipped to this market.\nNorthern Hay Trade.\nBesides the markets mentioned, another extensive one is open to British Columbia hay in\nDawson and other Northern towns and mining centres. This market, however, is even more\nexacting in the quality demanded than the former. The higher irrigated lands of the Thompson\nRiver and Okanagan Valleys will produce the quality wanted, but special attention must be\ngiven to the curing process to secure the- requisite colour and quality. Hay for this trade also\nrequires to be baled in very small compass, and special presses are used for this work. I am\nglad to report that more attention has been given to the curing of the hay crops in the districts mentioned having this trade in view. The Brackman-Ker Milling Co. has made a\nspecialty of the trade, and the Canadian Pacific Railway has given a special rate for carrying\nthe product to coast points.\nWhile shipments made- during the last two seasons have not been satisfactory, market\nrequirements are now better understood and appreciated, and the quality suitable for shipment\nshould increase yearly.\nButter and Eggs.\nThe supply of first-class fresh creamery butter and strictly fresh eggs for the principal\ntowns of the Kootenay and Boundary Districts, is drawn chiefly from Spokane, and one firm\nwhich makes a specialty of the business handles the larger part of the trade. The demand is\nnot fully supplied, although high prices are realised, and the firm referred to would be glad to\ndraw supplies from British Columbia points, although a United States house.\nDuring the past two years more attention has been given to poultry farming in the districts of the Province which naturally look to the mining towns as their market, that is, along\nthe main line of the Canadian Pacific Railway east of Agassiz and the Shuswap and Okanagan\nbranch lines. The Dominion Express Co. is also paying attention to the trade in fresh butter\nand eggs, and at present does practically all the carrying. The business is profitable, and it\nmay be confidently expected that the output will gradually increase.\nAs soon as the trade is sufficiently large to justify the step, the Canadian Pacific Railway\nhas intimated its willingness to establish a weekly refrigerator way-car service between the\ndistricts mentioned, similar to that in existence between Manitoba and North-West points\nand British Columbia points for the carriage of dairy products, eggs and dressed meats, at\nspecial rates. 716 Canadian Pacific Railway. 1902\nOrdinary trade qualities of butter and eggs are shipped in carload lots from North-West\nand Manitoba points to Kootenay and Boundary markets; but these do not interfere with the\nsale of strictly first-class products, which command fancy prices for table use.\nReviewing the Situation.\nThe conditions confronting the farmers and fruit-growers of British Columbia who live in\nthe districts traversed by the Canadian Pacific Railway are certainly unique. They are\nextended along the routes of rail and water-way for a distance of 450 miles. The different\nsettlements are but very slightly in touch with one another, and the class and quality of the\nproducts raised vary in accordance with the differences of soil and climate occurring.\nThe markets open for produce raised may be classed in three divisions :\u2014\n1. The Coast Cities, with which may be included the Northern trade :\n2. The Kootenay, Boundary and Slocan mining town and camps :\n3. The Manitoba and North-West markets.\nThese all present different features, and by means of special freight rates have been brought\nwithin reach of shipments.\nThe competition which has to be met in these different markets comes from different\nsources, under greatly varying conditions, and as a consequence prices of produce in the respective markets vary considerably. Besides this, the proportion of the total amount of produce\nrequired in these markets which can, under present conditions, be supplied from British\nColumbia sources is a very small one.\nIt is evident that the trade of the Kootenays and the Boundary District cannot be secured\nwithout a full measure of co-operation between producers and the Canadian Pacific Railway\nCompany to meet the advantages of nearness to the principal market points possessed by\nUnited States producers, the cheap land available for farming and fruit-growing purposes, and\nshorter length of haul. The Canadian Pacific Railway has evidenced its desire to meet the\nrequirements of the situation by making transportation rates and service favourable. Increased\nproduction and wise distribution of the produce raised are two most important factors with\nwhich the grower is, or should be, concerned in British Columbia. It is also evident that to\nenable growers and shippers to obtain the highest prices for products, and to distribute these\nso that unnecessary competition is avoided, it is important that they should at all times be able\nto get reliable information as to market conditions and prices generally, and also as to the\nmethods of harvesting, packing, shipping and marketing followed by their competitors. I\nventure to think this work could well be undertaken by arrangement between the Provincial\nGovernment and the Canadian Pacific Railway Company, and would, efficiently carried out,\nprove of the greatest service to the agricultural interests of the Province at large.\nAttached to this report are copies of resolutions passed at meetings of Farmers' Institutes\nat Vernon, Kamloops, Langley, Mission, Chilliwack, Victoria, Enderby and Armstrong, and\nat the annual meeting of the British Columbia Fruit-Growers' Association, 1902, held at\nVancouver, bearing out the opinion expressed of the usefulness and value of such information,\nand approving the results already obtained.\nIn conclusion, owing to the limited time available for the work, the great extent of country\nwhich was necessarily travelled over\u2014making it impossible to remain long in any particular\ndistrict or market,\u2014and recognising that conditions of trade, markets and transportation are\nconstantly changing, this report is presented with the knowledge that it will but partially\nmeet the requirements of the Commission authorising the work; but trusting that sufficient\nhas been accomplished to justify its continuance on a larger and broader scale, and in the\nhope that a better understanding has been brought about between the Canadian Pacific Railway Company and the farming community served by its system, and a basis established for\nthe future profitable development of the interests concerned.\nI have the honour to be,\nSir,\nYour obedient servant,\nR. M. PALMER,\nCommissioner. 2 Ed. 7 Agricultural Freight Tariffs, 717\nCopy of Resolutions passed at the Okanagan Farmers' Institute at Vernon, December 13th, 1901.\n\" Resolved, That Mr. R. M. Palmer be cordially thanked by this meeting for the good\nwork he has accomplished in getting freight arrangements for fruit and farm produce placed\non an equitable basis.\"\n\" Resolved, That it would be to the benefit of this district if information concerning\nmarket conditions in the Kootenays, North-West Territories, and other markets, were available during the shipping season for fruit and farm produce, and that Mr. Palmer be asked to\nsubmit a copy of this resolution to the Honourable the Minister of Agriculture for British\nColumbia.\" (Signed) H. Percy Hodges,\nSecretary Okanagan Farmers' Institute.\nCopy of Resolution passed at the annual meeting of the Kamloops District Farmers' Institute.\nKamloops, B. C, January 18th, 1902.\n\"Resolved, That this Institute indorse the resolution of the Okanagan Farmers' Institute.\n' That it would be to the benefit of this district if information concerning the market conditions in the Kootenays, North-West Territories, and other markets, were available during\nthe shipping season for fruit and farm produce, and that Mr. R. M. Palmer be asked to submit\na copy of this resolution to the Honourable the Minister of Agriculture for British Columbia.' \"\nLangley, B. C, January 20th, 1902.\nMr. R. M. Palmer, Victoria, B. C.\nSir,\u2014The following resolution was passed at the annual meeting of the Langley Farmers'\nInstitute, held on the 18th January, 1902.\n\" Resolved, That the members of this Institute indorse the resolution as passed by the\nOkanagan Farmers' Institute, petitioning the Honourable the Minister of Agriculture to\nsupply information concerning market conditions in the Kootenays, North-West Territories,\nand other markets, during the shipping season for fruit and farm produce, as it would be of\nbenefit to this district.\"\n(Signed) H. Harris, President.\n\" J. T. Bramwell, Secretary-Treasurer.\nMission City, B. O, 25th January, 1902.\nDear Sir,\u2014At the annual meeting of our Institute a unanimous vote af thanks was\ntendered to you for your efficient services in the matter of reduction of freight rates on fruit\nand farm produce. The Institute will also be happy for you to address them on this subject\nat any date convenient to yourself before spring. Yours truly,\n(Signed) A. T. Verchere,\nR. M. Palmer, Esq., Victoria, B.C. Sec. Mission Farmers' Institute.\nP. S.\u2014Our Institute also indorses resolution of the Okanagan Farmers' Institute, herewith attached.\nMission City, 3rd February, 1902.\nDear Sir,\u2014The following is a copy of a resolution passed by the Okanagan Farmers'\nInstitute, and indorsed by the Mission District Farmers' Institute on the 24th January, 1902:\n\" That it would be to the benefit of this District if information concerning market conditions in the Kootenays, North-West Territories and other markets, were available during\nthe shipping season for fruit and farm produce; that Mr. Palmer be asked to submit a copy\nof this resolution to the Hon. the Minister of Agriculture of British Columbia.\"\nHoping you may be able to act in accordance with above desires,\nI am, etc.,\n(Signed) A. T. Verchere,\nR. M. Palmer, Esq., Victoria. Sec. Mission Farmers' Institute. 718 Canadian Pacific Railway. 1902\nCopy of Resolution passed at the Annual Meeting of the B. C. Fruit Growers' Association,\nJanuary 23rd, 1902.\n\" Resolved, That this Association respectfully urges upon the Canadian Pacific Railway\nCompany and the Government of British Columbia the necessity and importance of continuing\nthe work carried on by Mr. R. M. Palmer during the past season in connection with the\ntransportation and marketing of fruit and farm products of British Columbia, and that copies\nof this resolution be forwarded to the Hon. J. D. Prentice, Minister of Finance and Agriculture,\nand to Mr. F. W. Peters, General Freight Agent, C. P. R.\"\nCopy of Resolution passed at the Annual Meeting of the B. G. Fruit Growers' Association,\nVancouver, Jan. 23rd, 1902.\nMoved by Mr. Thomas Cunningham, seconded by Mr. Tom Wilson and\u2014\n\" Resolved, That whereas the Canadian Pacific Railway Company has, during the past\nyear, manifested an earnest desire to encourage the development of the fruit-growing industry\nof British Columbia by material reduction in rates of freight from British Columbia to\nManitoba and the North-West Territories, also to mining centres of the Province, and otherwise assisting our fruit-growers by many acts of courtesy and co-operation :\n\" Be it therefore Resolved, That this Provincial Fruit Growers' Association in annual\nmeeting assembled desires to place on record its sincere and hearty thanks to the managers and\nofficers of the said Canadian Pacific Railway Company for the kindly co-operative spirit in\nwhich they have met the desires and suggestions of the Executive and Directors of this\nAssociation:\n\"Resolved, That copies of this resolution be forwarded to Messrs. R. Marpole, F. W7.\nPeters, E. J. Coyle, and to the Hon. Minister of Agriculture respectively.\"\nVictoria, Jan. 25th, 1902.\nAt the annual meeting of the Central Farmers' Institute, composed of delegates from the\nvarious Farmers' Institutes of the Province, the following resolution was offered by Mr. Cade,\nseconded by Mr. Venables, and carried unanimously :\n\" Resolved, That the Institute desires to impress on the Government and the C. P. R.,\nthe necessity for continuing the special tariff commissioner, Mr. R. M. Palmer, in the work so\nably conducted by him during the past season.\"\nAnd it was further moved by Munroe Miller, and seconded by J. Churchland, and carried :\n\"That this Central Institute wishes to convey to the Government its appreciation of the\nservices of Mr. R. M. Palmer in the arrangement and manipulation of freight rates, as well as\nthe intelligent manner in which his reports are made, so made that all may readily understand\nwhat he wishes to convey :\n\" And, further, that we tender him our sincere thanks for his very excellent, entertaining\nand instructive report.\"\nChilIoIWACK, B. C, February 4th, 1902.\nR. M. Palmer, Esq.\nDear Sir,\u2014I beg to inform you that at our annual meeting held on January 31st, 1902,\nI placed your letter of 8th January before the meeting on January 25th, 1902. Every one\nspoke in the highest terms of the way you had succeeded in securing better freight rates both\nby steamer and rail, and we will be glad to take advantage of your kind offer to address our\nInstitute in the near future. Our Institute passed the resolution enclosed herewith.\nI have, etc.,\n(Signed) G. W. Chadsey. 2 Ed. 7 Agricultural Freight Tariffs, 719\nCopy of Resolution passed by Chilliwack Farmers' Institute at the Annual Meeting held on\nJanuary Slst, 1902.\nResolved, That we consider the reduction in freight rates during the last year on fruits,\netc., over the Canadian Pacific Railway, has been of great benefit to this locality, and we\nwould be pleased to have Mr. Palmer address this Institute at some future date, for the\npurpose of securing further concessions with the Canadian Pacific Railroad.\n(Signed) G. W. Chadsey,\nSecretary-Treasurer,\nChilliwhack Farmers' Institute.\nEnderby, B. O, 20th February, 1902.\nR. M. Palmer, Esq.,\nEnderby.\nDear Sir,\u2014At a meeting of the Spallumcheen branch of the Farmers' Institute held in\nEnderby on the 19th inst., the members wish to record their high appreciation of the action of\nthe Government and the Canadian Pacific Railway Company, to meet their interests.\nA vote of thanks was unanimously carried for your able address.\nYours truly,\n(Signed) H. W. Harvey,\nActing Secretary.\nAt a meeting held February 20th at Armstrong, the following resolution was passed:\u2014\nThat the Spallumcheen Farmers' Institute are pleased that the Government through Mr.\nR. M. Palmer have co-operated with the C. P. R. in obtaining a reduction in freight rates on\nproduce, fruit, etc., to Kootenay, Coast and North-West markets, and we hope that in future\nthe Railway Co. will keep the interests of the farmers in view in the same manner as they\nhave recently done. Carried unanimously.\n(Signed) W. P. Horsley,\nSecretary-Treasurer.\nExtract from letter from Manager Kelowna Shippers' Union re Freight Rates and Service.\nKelowna, B.C., January, 25th, 1902.\nR. M. Palmer, Esq.,\nVictoria, B. C.\nDear Sir,\u2014I am in receipt of your letter of the 14th inst. I delayed answering it until\nwe could get time to get out some details of the business we have done this past summer.\nWe shipped 6 cars of fruit to Calgary, 5 cars fruit to Nelson, 1 car fruit to Fernie, 2 cars\nof mixed fruit and vegetables to Nelson, 1 car of mixed fruit and vegetables to Cranbrook ;\ntotal, 15 cars with fruit.\nWe shipped 17 cars of vegetables to Nelson, 2 cars to Calgary, 2 cars to Fernie, 4 cars to\nother Kootenay points; total, 25 cars vegetables.\nOf hay we shipped 12 cars, and expect to ship about 29 in the next two months.\nNow, heretofore we found it almost impossible to sell fruit in Nelson, and this year we\nsold five cars and two mixed cars of fruit and vegetables.\nThese figures speak for themselves, but at the same time I would point out that the\nSpecial Supplement No. 628 has not had a fair trial this year on account of the disturbance\nto business due to the Rossland strike. Rossland is the point where it might have been\nexpected that this special concession on the mixed cars would have been of most benefit; the\nstrike prevented us testing the working of it there.\nThough, on the whole, we have every reason to be satisfied with the freight service, there\nare still some points that might be bettered.\n(Signed) T. W. Stirling. 720\nCanadian Pacific Railway.\n1902\nCANADIAN PACIFIC RAILWAY (WESTERN LINES).\n o\t\nSpecial Freight Tariff (No. 628) on Apples, Fruit and Vegetables, at Owner's\nRisk ; Released from Stations on the Pacific Division to West Kootenay\nMining Points, Stations on Boundary Section, and on Crow's Nest Section,\nalso to Stations on Pacific and Western Divisions.\nEffective March 20th, 1901.\nFROM\nStations on Cascade and Thompson Sections\nHammond,\n*Abbottsford,\n*Hope,\n-\"'Kanaka,\n*Spatsum,\n* Haney,\nSumas,\nYale,\nLytton,\n* Basque Ranch,\n*Wharnock,\n*Nicomen,\n*Spuzzum,\n*Gladwin,\nAshcroft,\n*Ruskin,\nHarrison,\n* Thompson Siding,\n*Pennys,\nMission Jet.,\nAgassiz,\nNorth Bend,\n*Drynock,\nSavonas,\n*Maple Grove,\n*Ruby Creek,\nKeefers,\nSpence's Bridge,\n*Cherry Creek,\nTO\nApples, in\no-oxes\nFresh Fruit in\nApples in boxes\nor barrels\nand\nPackages.\nApples in boxes\nVegetables in\nor barrels.\nVegetables in\n(Peaches, Plums,\nPoints Shown in Numbered\nor barrels, L. C L.\nPackages L. C L.\nC. L. Min. 24,000\npackages.\nBerries, etc.,)\nGroups.\nlbs.\nMixed C. L\nMin.\nC. L. Min. 20,000\n24,000 tbs.\nlbs.\n(See next page.)\nRates in Cents per 100 tbs.\nGroup No. 1. Nelson, &c. .\n70\n70\n60\n60\n70\n\u00ab 2. Cascade, &c.\n80\n80\n70\n70\n80\n\u00bb 3. Midway, &c.\n85\n85\n75\n75\n85\n\u00bb 4. Fernie, &c..\n90\n90\n75\n75\n90\na 5. Maeleod,&c.\n95\n95\n80\n80\n95\n\u00ab 6. Canmore, &c.\n90\n90\n75\n75\n90\na 7. Calgary, &c.\n95\n95\n80\n80\n95\nTo stations on Canadian Pacific Railway, Main Line, Shepard to Winnipeg, and to stations\non Edmonton and Macleod Sections, and on all other branch lines, on apples, in boxes or\nbarrels\u2014C. L. Min. 24,000 lbs., 85c. per 100 Bis.\nFresh fruit, in packages (peaches, plums, cherries, berries, &c), C. L. Min. 20,000 lbs.;\nalso, apples, in boxes or barrels, and fresh fruit, in packages, mixed C. L. Min. 20,000 lbs., $1\nper 100 lbs.\nFROM\nStations on Shuswap and Okanagan Sections, and Okanagan Lake Ports\nKamloops,\n*Ducks,\nShuswap,\n*Notch Hill,\n*Tappen Siding,\n*Kualt\/\nSalmon Arm,\nSicamous Junction\n*Mara,\nEnderby,\nArmstrong\n*Larkin,\nVernon,\nOkanagan Landing\nKelowna,\n*Peachland,\nPenticton, 2 Ed. 7\nAgricultural Freight Tariffs.\n721\nTO\nApples in boxes\nFresh Fruit in\nApples in boxes\nor barrels; and\nPackages.\nApples, in boxes\nVegetables, in\nor barrels.\nVegetables in\n(Peaches, Plums,\nPoints Shown in Numbered\nor barrels, L. 0. L.\nPackages, L. C. L.\nC. L. Min. 24,000\nPackages.\nBerries, etc.)\nGroups.\ntt.s.\nMixed C. L. Min.\n\u202224,000 lbs.\nC. L. Min. 20,000\nlbs.\n(See below and next page.)\nIates in Cents pee\n100 lbs.\nGroup No. 1. Nelson, &e. .\n60\n60\n50\n50\n60\nit 2. Cascade, &c.\n70\n70\n60\n60\n70\n\/\/ 3. Midway, &c.\n75\n75\n65\n65\n75\n\u00bb 4. Fernie, &c ..\nSO\n80\n65\n65\n80\na 5. Maeleod, &c.\n85\n85\n70\n70\n85\n\u00bb 6. Canmore, &c\n80\n80\n65\n65\n80\n\/\/ 7- Calgary, &c.\n85\n85\n70\n70\n85\nTo stations on Canadian Pacific Railway, Main Line, Shepard to Winnipeg, and to stations\non Edmonton and Maeleod Sections, and on all other branch lines, on apples, in boxes or\nbarrels\u2014C. L. Min. 24,000 lbs., 75c. per 100 lbs.\nFresh fruit, in packages (peaches, plums, cherries, berries, etc.), C. L. Min. 20,000 lbs.;\nalso, apples in boxes or barrels, and fresh fruit in packages, mixed C. L. Min. 20,000 lbs., $1\nper 100 lbs..\nNote 1.\u2014On mixed carloads of apples, vegetables and fresh fruits, minimum weight 20,000 lbs., the\nrates provided above for fresh fruit, will apply.\nNote 2.\u2014Rates on vegetables, straight carloads, and vegetables, grain, flour, etc., mixed carloads to\nNelson, Cascade, etc., are provided in Tariff 631.\nList op Points Comprised in Numbered Groups (Referred to on previous page).\nGroup No. 1.\nColumbia River Landings:\n\u2022Sholto,\n\u2022Enterprise,\nTrail,\n* Halcyon,\n*Wilsons,\n\u2022Ashburn.\n\u2022Warfield,\n*Leon,\n\u2022Genelle's Mills,\nColumbia