CENTRE FOR INTEGRATED COMPUTER SYSTEMS RESEARCH • C •! • C • S • R ■ Vol. 6, No. 1 Spring 1995 CHANGES A look at the recent changes affecting CICSR members, their research objectives, their jobs and their lives. ■ We live in times of accelerating change, and CICSR is not immune to these powerful forces. This issue will focus on some of the many changes happening within the various CICSR departments, and among CICSR members. One recent change is the addition of Elizabeth Croft to the Department of Mechanical Engineering faculty. Croft has joined the Deaprtment with a full slate of activities on her hands. She has assumed the Industrial Automation Junior Chair position, working on ... continued on page 2 Elizabeth Croft, the newest member of the Department of Mechanical Engineering, is working on using robotics, vision and artificial intelligence to automate fish processing. IN THIS ISSUE ■ Social impact of computers page 3 ■ New faculty jobs page 4 ■ Celebrating MAGIC pageS ■ Joyce at Hughes page 6 ■ New optical sensors page 7 ■ Profile: Frize page 7 ■ Calendar page 8 THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA FOCUS DIRECTOR'S STATEMENT ■ The underlying theme or this newsletter is change: people changing jobs, changing their research objectives, changing their lives. In this issue we bring you up to date on some of the recent changes affecting CICSR members, and their research programs. Among the changes profiled here are: Maria Klawe moving from Head of the Computer Science Department to Vice President for Academic and Student Services, Bob Evans becoming Head of Mechanical Engineering, and Jeff Joyce moving from UBC to Hughes Aircraft of Canada. As well, there is an article on MAGIC, which has completed its first five-year mandate and is itself evolving in various directions, and a profile of CICSR's newest member, Elizabeth Croft, the new Junior Chair of Industrial Automation in Mechanical Engineering. Finally, we highlight the work of Nick Jaeger on optical sensors, of Richard Rosenberg o"" computer security and privacy, and of our visitor this term, Monique Frize. We hope you find the information interesting and helpful, and once again, special thanks should go to Leslie Ellis for the writing and layout. ■ Dr. James Varah, CICSR Director Smarter fish processing CICSR's newest member, Elizabeth Croft, works on using advanced systems to automate fish processing. CROFT... continued from cover projects in robotics, vision and artificial intelligence with Dr. Clarence de Silva, who is currently away on sabbatical. Croft says she feels lucky to step into a job where the project is already running, the team is in place, and the subject matter matches her interests perfectly. She started working at the University part time on January 1, 1995. She spends her spare time at home with her baby daughter. Croft's interest in robotics started back in graduate school. She completed a Masters thesis at University of Waterloo on the development of a network controller for autonomous vehicles. Her Ph.D., completed at the University of Toronto, focused on robotic path planning. Her job was to develop a system that would enable a robot arm to intercept moving objects using an optimal path. Her work at UBC is focused on automation in the fish processing industry, a project Clarence de Silva has been working on for several years. Croft is now overseeing further development of the herring roe grading system. The system, which uses vision and artificial intelligence to grade herring roe, is now at the prototype stage. "We hope to have it working in the plant for this season," said Croft. The intellectual property negotiations are nearly complete, and the prototype is working. The next steps involve making the system robust enough for the fish processing plant, and ensuring the system is acceptable to people working on the herring roe line. Croft is also involved in a new automation project for the fish processing industry. In past years, de Silva developed a way to automate the process of cutting off salmon heads, while reducing the amount of meat wasted at the same time. Now, the research team is looking at using similar technologies to automate the cutting of salmon for canning. In the canning process, it's important for the fish to be oriented in the can so that there is an aesthetically-pleasing presentation. Using current equipment, which has been in use for decades, a lot of people are needed to spot and fix the machine's mistakes. Croft estimates that about one-quarter of the cans have to be re-packed. The system she is working on with de Silva and graduate students, will not only reduce the need for re-packing, but will double the speed of the canning process. Croft is also planning a couple of additional projects in collaboration with other faculty and CICSR members. With Sander Calisal, she plans to help develop a control system to aid the crew in controlling the ship in rough, stormy weather. With Yusuf Altintas, she plans to work on using vision to analyze toolware in the manufacturing industry. The research will incorporate the use of expert systems, fuzzy logic and neural networks. Elizabeth Croft is leading a research team applying automation techniques to the salmon canning process —the goal is to reduce errors while doubling speed. If all of the above doesn't keep her busy enough, Croft has applied for funding to research the use of co-operative robots in industrial settings. A follow-on from her Ph.D. research, the project would involve developing systems for robots to organize and schedule events in an optimal manner within a flexible manufacturing cell. "This is the way manufacturing is going — towards the development of 'virtual' factories," said Croft. She has been interested in working in the field of mechanical engineering since childhood. Through her work and academic experience, she has discovered that robotics, vision and artificial intelligence are the areas that interest her most. She feels lucky to be working with de Silva and other CICSR members at UBC in her chosen area of research. "The job is perfect for me," she said. ■ Rosenberg studies social impact of computers One of Richard Rosenberg's current areas of interest is the social impact of the internet, and the issues, such as privacy and censorship, surrounding this new form of global communication. ■ The internet and the so-called "information highway" forms the means for a brand new form of communication among people all over the world. The social implications of this are enormous, and are the focus of study for Richard Rosenberg, who has been with the Department of Computer Science for more than 25 years. In 1992, Rosenberg produced a textbook on the Social Impact of Computers, where he looks at the impact of computers on privacy and on the way people work. Since then, the advent of the internet has set off a whole new wave of research for Rosenberg, and has raised a whole new series of issues with far-reaching implications. "It's created a brand new culture, where the old rules may not apply," said Rosenberg. One of the most explosive issues surrounding the internet has to do with free speech, pornography and sexual harassment on electronic networks, an area Rosenberg has studied in depth. UBC is among many institutions operating electronic networks that have attempted to ban all sex-related material from their network. However, says Rosenberg, the problem with banning any type of "offensive" material from the network is that it is impossible to identify in advance, and it is also impossible to control what people send out on the electronic airwaves. The question Rosenberg poses is, should we attempt to censor material at all? Does the carrier of the information have responsibility for the content? In the case of phone lines, he points out, nobody holds the phone company responsible for what people talk about on the telephone. He argues that internet service providers are more like phone companies than they are like publishers. However, he adds, "It's a very complicated issue. No media has absolute freedom. We need a real debate about censorship on the internet, the same way there is currently a real debate before a decision is made to ban any book from library shelves." Other issues Rosenberg is exploring with respect to electronic communication networks include the role of government, copyright issues, universal access and privacy. All of these are major issues that government and communications service providers are struggling with all over the world. It's a brand new medium, so there are no ready-made answers, just plenty of strong opinions. In his research, and his teaching, Rosenberg is interested in artificial intelligence, natural language understanding, natural language interfaces to databases, and in the ethical questions surrounding the development and use of new technologies. Rosenberg believes ethics in the field of Computer Science are critical, and his teaching focuses on looking at what is expected of professionals in this area. "Computer Science is a new profession, so codes of ethics are not as developed as in law, medicine or other, more established professions," said Rosenberg. "It's not my role to tell people how to lead their lives, but it is my role to raise their awareness of potential ethical problems. I want to ensure that we are turning out not just technicians, but people who are concerned about the impact their work has on society." To this end, Rosenberg is on a committee working on incorporating ethics into the Computer Science curriculum. His goal is to see ethics treated not as a special area, and an addendum to technical training, but as an integral part of the discipline. "I'd like to teach people to ask, as they develop solutions to technical problems, "How will this affect people's lives?" ■ Department of Computer Science member Richard Rosenberg looks at how new technology impacts people. One of the most explosive issues surrounding the internet has to do with free speech, pornography and sexual harrassment. Says Rosenberg, "It's a very complicated issue. No media has absolute freedom. We need a real debate about censorship on the internet, the same way there is currently debate before a decision is made to ban a book from library shelves." New positions for UBC faculty members Maria Klawe and Robert Evans, both recently promoted to new jobs at UBC, discuss their plans. Maria Klawe One of the first things Klawe plans to accomplish in her new role is to provide access to technology throughout the university. ■ Although Maria Klawe is enjoying her new position as Vice President, Academic and Student Services, she says she does miss her former job as Head of the Department of Computer Science. "I enjoyed the job more than any other position I've ever held," said Klawe. She found the faculty, staff and students to be among the most enthusiastic and talented she's worked with, and praised CICSR, UBC administration, and the Deans of Science and Applied Science for their support in all of her objectives with the Department of Computer Science. During her six and a half year tenure as Head of Computer Science, Klawe was instrumental in building the Department into one of the best in the country. Under her leadership, the department doubled its enrolment of undergraduate and graduate students, more than doubled research funding, expanded its lab facilities and hired 17 new faculty. Bob Woodham is now Acting Head of Computer Science. Klawe replaces K.D. Srivastava, who stepped down after eight years as VP Academic and Student Services. In her new position, Klawe is responsible for student registration and records, awards and financial aid, the library, information and computing systems, athletics and sports, housing and conferences, and services for women students and students with disabilities. One of the first things Klawe plans to accomplish in her new role is to provide access to technology throughout the university. Within three years, she would like to provide every student, faculty and staff member with access to electronic mail and computing technology. Another goal for Klawe is to encourage student participation and involvement in the way things are done throughout the university. In addition to her administrative duties, Klawe plans to continue her research in theoretical computer science. She is also involved in E-GEMS, a collaborative research project which brings together researchers from a wide range of fields to look at the potential of electronic games to help children learn math and science. Klawe has a Ph.D. in mathematics from the University of Alberta, and a Ph.D. in computer science from the University of Toronto. ■ Robert Evans One of Evans' top priorities is to increase collaborative research in Mechanical Engineering. ■ Robert Evans is the new Head of the Department of Mechanical Engineering. One of his top priorities is to increase the Department's collaborative research activities within B.C. industry. He said one good example of this is the work now being done through CICSR with the NSERC/B.C. Packers Chair in Automation in the Fish Processing Industry. He added that, "At the undergraduate level, we are striving to strengthen the design content of our curriculum in order to complement our traditionally strong emphasis on engineering fundamentals." Evans joined the Mechanical Engineering faculty at UBC in 1981, and was named Associate Dean, Engineering Student Services in 1992, the same year he was awarded a UBC teaching prize. Evans holds a B.A.Sc. in Mechanical Engineering from UBC, an M.A.Sc. in Aerospace Engineering from University of Toronto, and a Ph.D. in Mechanical Engineering from Cambridge University. His research interests are applied thermodynamics and combustion, and internal combustion engines. "I am particularly interested in reducing the pollution due to exhaust emissions from vehicles," said Evans. In collaboration with other CICSR members, he is interested in using computer modelling to predict the performance of internal combustion engines. Before coming to UBC, Evans had already garnered some administrative experience with the B.C. Energy Commission, and later with the B.C. Ministry of Energy, as Director of the Energy Conservation and Technology Division. In addition, he has served on a number of professional committees with the Association of Professional Engineers and Geoscientists of B.C. Within the University, he has served as Associate Dean for the Faculty of Applied Science, and Director of the Engineering Core Program. ■ Celebrating five years of MAGIC As MAGIC completes its first five-year mandate, Director Kellogg Booth looks to the future. ■ It's been five years of MAGIC at UBC, and Director Kellogg Booth is pleased with the progress made by the Media and Graphics Interdisciplinary Centre in that time. A wide variety of projects have been initiated as a result of MAGIC's support, and many have reached the stage where they can now support themselves without MAGIC's help. According to Booth, MAGIC is now under review for funding for another five-year period. His goal for the future is to move MAGIC more into the mainstream of multimedia activity and to establish more links to external organizations. First, however, it's worth reflecting on MAGIC's past accomplishments. There have been many; they range from scientific and engineering visualization to more whimsical projects, such as the modelling and reconstruction of the famous Yuan Ming Yuan "Garden of Centred Wisdom," a Chinese garden built by six generations of Qing emperors, and destroyed by fire in 1860. One of MAGIC's major accomplishments is that it played a lead role in getting applications up and running on the UBC-based ATM network, and the larger Rnet ATM network involving BC Tel, Rogers Cable, MPR Teltech, Science World, SFU and MAGIC. Active communication links on campus have been established between the Imager Computer Graphics Laboratory, Dentistry and Radiology. As well, Rnet connections are used to link UBC researchers with Children's Hospital and SFU. The sites with ATM connections to MAGIC were chosen for good reason. Over the past five years, Dentistry, Radiology, SFU and Children's Hospital have all turned to MAGIC for visualization and graphics support related to specific projects. MAGIC research associate Peter Cahoon, who specializes in scientific visualization, is involved in a number of these projects. For example, he is developing techniques to help doctors visualize the longer-term results of facial reconstructive surgery performed on children. He is currently working with MPR Teltech to install a .combination of fiber and satellite ATM link to the San Francisco Medical Centre for further work in the area of reconstruction and function. He'd like to see the day when researchers and medical staff routinely use sophisticated multimedia systems to collaborate and communicate, the same way they pick up the phone today. Kellogg Booth (left) and Peter Cahoon have been instrumental in the success of MAGIC. In a similar area, MAGIC provides communications links and visualization tools for an ongoing study of scoliosis, a deformity of the spine which primarily affects young girls. Participants include the UBC Faculty of Medicine, and Children's Hospital. "Surgeons are interested in understanding more. They don't really know how the spine bends," said Booth. Traditionally, x- rays are used to study scoliosis, but MAGIC has been able to provide 3-D information to help further knowledge and improve treatment in this area. Another major initiative that involved MAGIC is the E-GEMS (Electronic Games for Education in Mathematics and Science) project. The goal is to stimulate interest in mathematics using current video game technology. The project has received three- year funding from NSERC, and involves collaboration between UBC, Electronic Arts Canada, Motion Works and other universities. "E-GEMS is one example of many successful projects that received some start-up funding from MAGIC, and are now supported by other funding agencies," said Booth. He sees it as a sign of real success that much of the activity initiated by MAGIC has moved to the point where it is now self-funding. In the meantime, MAGIC continues to seed new projects, and to expand in new directions. "In the past five years, we have focused on areas such as graphics and animation, where we have a lot of strength." Booth said MAGIC has "dabbled" in multimedia, but plans are to increase the activity in this area. Another goal for the future is to use MAGIC as a vehicle to bring multimedia, graphics and animation technology to new areas, such as education, theatre and film. Booth notes that many of these areas could really benefit from the technology and expertise MAGIC has to offer, but in the past, they have not been able to afford the technology. "Now we have experience, and costs have come down, so we want to capitalize on that," said Booth. The move towards making the latest graphics tools available to people other than those expert in multimedia, animation and graphics is a logical evolution, according to Booth. "We've been developing tools and software that require expertise. But a lot of the tools are becoming ready for use by non-experts. MAGIC will play a lead role in demonstrating the possibilities, and pushing people forward. Our new mission is a logical extension of the old one." ■ Joyce makes the move from UBC to industry Former Computer Science Department member Jeff Joyce has made the move from academia to industry with his new job as software engineer for Hughes Aircraft of Canada. Jeff Joyce is gaining valuable industrial experience at Hughes Aircraft of Canada Ltd. ■ Former Computer Science Department member Jeff Joyce has left academia to work in industry. "To work in the area of software engineering, you need substantial industrial experience," said Joyce. "In that way, it's different from many areas of study in Computer Science." Joyce's main interest is the application of formal specification techniques. He worked at Hughes Aircraft of Canada Limited in this area for the past year, as part of the B.C. Advanced Systems Institute (ASI) Industrial Fellowship program. The work led to a job offer from Hughes, and Joyce signed on starting January 1 of this year. Joyce applauds the support he has received from both CICSR and ASI in making a transition to industry. He says these organizations are critical to ensuring that "In an industrial setting, you do things because they save money or reduce risk... you have to look at how the technology will be used by people." research ideas and expertise continue to flow into local industry to help it remain competitive in the global marketplace. "Hughes is seeing that their customers are looking for the very thing I'm working on," said Joyce. One of the projects Hughes is bidding on specifically suggests the use of formal specification techniques. Joyce's initial work with Hughes involved the investigation of possible applications of formal specifications techniques to selected aspects of CAATS, the $400 million Canadian air traffic control system that is reputed to be the single largest software project in Canada. The goal was to translate the specifications from English to mathematical language. Advantages are that formal specifications leave no room for misinterpretation, and make it easier to test for compliance to those specifications. Since changing his position at Hughes from that of visiting scholar to employee, Joyce has noticed many differences as a result. "It's very different from the university research environment, where there are generally small groups working on problems they've defined themselves. Here, over half of the 400 people are involved in software engineering, and there are a large number of people thinking about the same problems." Joyce also finds it invaluable that there are people working in the company that have more knowledge about his area than he does. "In the Department of Computer Science, there was no one senior in my area. Here, I have teachers." The development of large, complex software-intensive systems like CAATS pushes forward the leading edge of software engineering. "I find it very attractive to be in a situation where a variety of clever people are pulling a number of new techniques together into a highly-integrated methodology," said Joyce. In his work on formal methods, Joyce has changed his approach since moving from academia to industry. "In an academic context, emphasis is often placed on things that don't make or break the application of formal methods in industry," said Joyce. "In an industrial setting, you do things because they save money or reduce risk. In formal methods, we have to look at how the technology will be used by people. The specifications must be comprehensible to air traffic controllers, not Computer Science graduate students. Here, we're much more interested in the end user." Other differences Joyce has noticed in working at Hughes is that there is more formality in working conditions. Work hours are less flexible, and he wears a tie to work. "For me it works well to have a clear boundary between work and play." His decision to accept an offer from Hughes was largely based on the realization that "there's a limit to what you can do as an outsider." Joyce said an in-house joke is that the name badge contractors wear at Hughes has the code "CNTR" which Hughes employees say is short for "Can Not Take Responsibility." In addition to his work on formal specifications, he has contributed to a major proposal for a new air traffic control system, participates in other engineering activities, and is involved in a steering committee for a safety program. While working at Hughes, Joyce has not completely severed his ties to UBC. He is supervising three Ph.D. students, and is interested in continuing a relationship with the university. In fact, he expects to be back in the academic world some day. But for now, he's interested in gaining as much industrial experience as possible, and he's enjoying it. ■ Leading-edge optical sensors A look at the research of Electrical Engineering's Nicolas Jaeger. PROFILE ■ For Nick Jaeger of the Department of Electrical Engineering, it was a case of being in the right place at the right time. In 1991, Jaeger was issued a patent for the development of a new sensor — an integrated optics version of a Pockels cell. The initial work was funded by the Science Council of B.C. He is now working with B.C. Hydro, and their research division, Powertech Labs, to develop target applications and complete initial testing. "The interest in optical fibre-based sensors has increased substantially," said Jaeger. "The project was brought to the pre- commerciafization stage at just the right time. Initially, the main application of the sensors will be to monitor the condition of bushings used in the power utility industry. This is not being done at all now, because it has not been economically viable to do so. Instead, utilities take the bushings out of service and test the dissipation factor of the insulation according to a schedule. "Our system is a real-time, on-line system that is expected to cost about the same per unit as a single dissipation factor test," said Jaeger. In another, related research area, Jaeger has expanded his graduate research in lithium niobate sensors and switches into work with III-V compound semiconductors. He directed the first university research group in Canada to fabricate graded index separate confinement heterostructure single quantum well (GRINSCH - SQW) lasers entirely in house. Since then, the project has become part of a Systems Lab project, where undergraduate students fabricate and test their own lasers. Jaeger has also developed very high speed electro-optic modulators, in GaAs/AlGaAs and other III-V semiconductors. He has invented and patented a novel slow-wave electrode structure that provides the needed velocity match between modulating microwaves and the modulated optical wave. A patent has been issued in the U.S. for this invention, and a European patent has been allowed. According to Jaeger, the work has applications in the cable television and telecommunications industries. Jaeger's work in this area has been funded by Rogers Canadian Cable Labs, NSERC and the B.C. Advanced Systems Institute. One of Jaeger's main interests for the future is to continue to pursue the commercialization of the optical dissipation factor equipment. A new company, Carmanah Research Ltd., will be commercializing the technology. A licensing agreement is in place, and Jaeger has applied to various funding agencies for the means to start work on pre-production prototypes. ■ Nick Jaeger with his research team. Members include: (top row, from left) Ph.D. student Farnoosh Rahmatian, M.A.Sc. student Mahan Movassaghi, scientific engineer Hiroshi Kato, research associate Irmgard Dommel, (bottom row, from left) research associate Mahin Bahrami, associate professor Nicolas Jaeger, and research associate Alina Kulpa. Monique Frize ■ Monique Frize, the first holder of the Northern Telecom- NSERC Women in Engineering Chair at the University of New Brunswick, is spending the spring term at UBC exploring the issues surrounding women in engineering disciplines. According to Frize, she's been spending her time talking with students and faculty members, collecting new information, attending and giving lectures. She said, "The biggest issue used to be stereotyping of engineering as a man's job. However many groups are doing things to expose engineering to young women, and people are under the impression that the problem is all fixed. But there are systemic issues that still cause problems." Frize has found, in her five years as Women in Engineering Chair, that engineering is now more open to women, but that it continues to be a very masculine discipline, where male values are paramount. "It's hard for many people to understand that a feminine approach, which is more cooperative and multi-disciplinary, also has value and will enrich the field." However, in the research community, and in the field of engineering, Frize has found that women's contributions either fit the masculine mold or risk being less valued. She is working hard to change this through education and increased understanding of the issues. Her position as Chair has been renewed for another five years. Frize is also a Professor of Electrical Engineering at the University of New Brunswick, and is a research faculty member of the Biomedical Engineering Institute. She was the first woman to study engineering at an Ottawa university, holds a Ph.D. from Erasmus Universiteit in the Netherlands, and worked as a clinical engineer for 20 years. Her research is focused on the development of a decision support system for critical care medicine. ■ OA'L'E'N'D'A'R Distinguished Lecture Series 1995-96 Real-Time Embedded Systems Six academic and industrial leaders address the future of systems development. September 14,1995 Standards for Real-Time Systems: Ada vs POSIX Dr. T. P. Baker The Florida State University October 12,1995 Real-Time Systems: A Practitioner's Perspective Dr. C. Douglass Locke Loral Federal Systems November 9,1995 What do car parking, space robots and air traffic control have in common? Dr. Shankar Sastry University of California at Berkeley January 11,1996 Fundamentals of Real-Time Scheduling Dr. C. L. Liu University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign February 8,1996 Methods and Tools for Validating Real- Time Constraints Dr. Jane Liu University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign March 14,1996 Autonomous Calibration in Telerobotics and Virtual Reality Dr. John Hollerbach The University of Utah CICSR is hosting its seventh annual Distinguished Lecture Series, bringing in academic and industrial leaders in the forefront of their respective fields. This year, DLS speakers will be discussing real-time embedded systems — their increasing prevalence, technical standards, and what the systems mean from both developers' and users' perspectives. Join us for a Glimpse of the Future of Real-Time Embedded Systems Lectures are from 4:00 pm to 5:30 pm, in the new CICSR/CS Building, room 208, 2366 Main Mall, UBC. Lectures are complimentary. Multimedia figures prominently in MAGIC's future. Graphic by Peter Cahoon of MAGIC. CICSR Faculty Forum 1995-96 In this third annual Faculty Forum, six CICSR members present and discuss their ground-breaking research in integrated computer systems. September 21,1995 Built-in Self-Testing of VLSI Circuits Dr. AndnS Ivanov October 19,1995 Automated Database Design Dr. Robert Goldstein November 16,1995 Broadband Ultrasound Localized Waves for Medical Imaging Dr. Matthew Palmer January 18,1996 Learning to Recognize 3-D Objects Dr. David Lowe CICSR: The UBC Centre for Integrated Computer Systems Research (CICSR) is an interdepartmental research organization made up of computer-related research faculty members in the Departments of Computer Science, Electrical Engineering and Mechanical Engineering. Currently there are more than 60 CICSR researchers which direct over 200 graduate students and collaborate with dozens of industrial firms in areas such as robotics, artificial intelligence, communications, VLSI design and industrial automation. February 15,1996 Computing Between the Lines Dr. Jack Snoeyink March 21,1996 Transferring Automation Technology to BC's Fishing Industry: A Progress Report Dr. Elizabeth Croft CICSR Faculty Forum For 1995-96 The CICSR Faculty Forum was created to provide local researchers and industry with an opportunity to find out more about the world-class research being performed at the University of B.C. by CICSR Faculty. Join Us For a Closer Look at UBC's Integrated Systems Research Projects. Talks will be held from 4:00 to 5:30 pm in the new CICSR/CS Building, Room 208, 2366 Main Mall, UBC. Lectures are complimentary. CREDITS: CICSR FOCUS, is published twice a year. EDITOR: Leslie Ellis Office: 289-2366 Main Mall, Vancouver, B.C. V6T 1Z4 Tel: (604) 822-6894, fax: (604) 822-9013 Contact: Margy de Vries THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITIS H COLUMBIA