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''$ Which is what Carrington Canadian does. But for many
more good reasons than merely the look of the bottle.
Carrington is distilled in small batches, aged and
mellowed in seasoned oak casks; it's light in look and
smooth in taste. Carrington, it's special, and, in our
opinion, like no other whisky in the world.
A whisky of outstanding quality.
CARRINGTON CANADIAN WHISKY ■VO UME 31, ^o.3, AUTUMN 1977
FE< TURES
) 4 THE ONCE AND FUTURE WORLD
World yodelling: An Exercise
in imagination
x \-]u&c. yuxwm
n
7/m Padmore
12
17
THE SUMMERSIDE OF UBC
A picture essay of a
campus season
THE SHADOW OF STRESS
Living With a Fact of Life
Viveca Ohm
MUSIC TO LEARN BY
...And enjoy
Murray McMillan
DEPARTMENTS
19 NEWS
23 SPOTLIGHT
29 LETTERS
30 CHRONICLE CLASSIFIED
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-•".   , ■ <&&t
Tim Padmore Oft. n, in legends, a prince is given a
2lin pse of the future through a magic
Jjnir or or a crystal ball.
F ir a few minutes, the mists thin. He
see ...two armies, locked in battle on a
[tar en, unfamiliar plain; the smokes
swi ! and become the gauzy splendor of
d t> autiful woman in bridal dress; she
mr s, petticoats billowing, and the
shi• lmering fabric becomes a white
co\ :rlet being drawn over his brother's
1 ie images are tantalizing, but am-
bjgcous. What do these fragments of
I truth mean? Is it the future as it will be?
Or is it might come to pass?
More than one story turns on the hero
misreading what he sees. To use the vision wisely, we learn, is even more
difficult than to see it in the first place.
The lesson is one appreciated by the
keepers of today's crystal balls, the scientists who use the alchemy of computers and systems analysis to project what
sort of tomorrows will evolve from the
follies of yesterday.
The exercise is called world modelling. It burst upon the world in 1972 with
the publication of The Limits to
Growth, the report to the Club of Rome,
which sponsored the project, of a study
by an international team of scientists led
by Dennis Meadows at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
They cast the great concerns of mankind — population, pollution, natural
resources and economic forces — in
terms of mathematical equations. Given
data defining the past, the equations inevitably determine a future. The
computer-drawn curves traced out a
horrifying one.
Unless prompt, drastic and global
measures were taken to curb population
growth and industrial development, two
or three generations would see overwhelming pollution, economic collapse
and a pandemic of deaths, said the MIT
group. Adjusting the assumptions and
data in the mathematical model seemed
to make little difference. Catastrophe
came earlier or later, but always it
came.
The Limits to Growth, needless to
sa\, attracted a lot of attention. And a
lot )f criticism.
was, said critics, simplistic and
ng 1. It considered only five variables:
P(> elation, renewable and non-
r-e ;wable resources, pollution and capita investment. All countries were
ag; regated into one global society.
"t /eryone starved or prospered to-
ges .ier," in the words of John Milsum, a
Ui C specialist in modelling techniques.
Wt rse, the model made no allowance
for ihe possibility of technological prog-
re1 i, the discovery of new resources,
or for that matter, the response of
pe pie to its own predictions.
'he response did not include the drastic   global measures called for by the
model. The forecasts did alert people to
the dangers of exponential growth, in
which populations or economies double
in scale periodically until they exhaust
the resources sustaining them. And they
made plain that the danger point is not
the year of catastrophe, but a point-of-
no-return which comes much earlier —
in only a few years, the calculations
suggested. More important, The Limits
to Growth study inspired its admirers,
and stung its critics, to do better.
In 1974 came Man at the Turning
Point, by Mihajlo Mesarovic and
Eduard Pestel, a report to the Club of
Rome of a much more complex model,
in which the world was divided geographically into 10 regions, such as North
America, Latin America, the Middle
East, and so on. The sets of problems
affecting individuals, groups, economic
systems, technology and ecology were
considered separately. There were -approximately 100,000 relationships to be
evaluated at each step as the equations
marched into the future.
The projections of Mesarovic and
Pestel were a little more optimistic.
Catastrophe could be avoided with a
rapid transition to zero-population
growth, large amounts of investment aid
and food for poor countries and balanced economic development in different countries. Delay would be costly,
but not necessarily catastrophic. Putting off population control from 1975 to
1990 would cost a half billion deaths,
they estimated.
A third study, by the Fundacion
Bariloche in Argentina, was published
last year. Unlike the others, it takes account of political realities standing in
the way of major policy changes, such
as birth control reform. And, as we'll
see, it points to a plausible path through
the political thickets. World modellers,
accused in the past of over-confidence,
have learned to admit loudly their limitations.
"(The model) is not a 'predictor' but
rather serves as an instrument not only
to cope with the immense numerical
material, but also to extend the user's
logic and assess the consequences of
implementing his vision ofthe future."
write Mesarovic and Pestel. The
prince's future is still largely in his own
hands, in other words. To use the vision
wisely, not blindly, is the goal.
Peter Larkin, UBC dean of graduate
studies, who has applied world-
modelling techniques to the more
specialized problems of managing
fisheries, put it simply. "I look at world
modelling as an exercise in imagination," he said. "Its real role is to give
some idea of the range of alternatives,
which you might not otherwise expect."
It is easy, he said, to place too much
faith in the ranks of figures that march
out of a high-speed printer. "When you
first do a simulation, you think you've
got the world by its tail and say 'Here's
how it works.'" It's when you've done a
dozer., and got a dozen different
answers, that you've learned something, he said, and what you've learned
is to be alert to the possibilities.
You learn, he said, to use what some
refer to as the counter-intuitive results
of world modelling to refine intuition.
To anticipate, for example, that building
low cost housing will worsen the lot of a
city's poor, if the program attracts even
larger numbers of the homeless from
outside the city.
Larkin, like a number of scientists at
UBC, knows the methods of world
modelling, and follows the crystal-
gazing going on elsewhere. Milsum, director of the division of health systems
of the department of health care and
epidemiology, dreams ofthe day when
all that interest and expertise will be
Tie danger point is not
tie year of catastrophe
but a pointof-no-return
which comes much
earlier*
embodied in an institute of general systems analysis at UBC.
In the meantime, he has formed a
small study group to look at world modelling and try to decide what its results
mean. David DeWitt, ofthe Institute of
International Relations, Michael Ovenden, a physicist, John Ross, a
philosopher and Larry Ward, a
psychologist, are the other members.
Milsum explained how scientists approach world-modelling problems. All
complex systems, from a human cell,
with its many finely regulated chemical
processes, to the world economic system, have certain things in common, he
said.
Systems always tend to optimize
something: Your heart arranges pulse
rate and strength of contraction so as to
do its job with the smallest expenditure
of power. Economists assume nations
will behave so as to optimize their
economic well-being, their gross national product, for example.
There are systems within systems:
cells within tissues, individuals within
families, regions within nations. The
observation is Good News and Bad
News. The Good News is that a problem can be simplified by breaking the
system down into its components. The
Bad News is that any system you look at
is part of a larger, more complicated
one.
There is feedback, by which the sys- Maybe what we need is
to Inject a whole series
of small disasters.... We
only seem to learn from
disasters*
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tern reacts to what it is doing. The traditional interaction of supply and demand
is an example. Production is too high,
demand drops, so production is cut
back too. That's negative feedback.
Population growth is the opposite: more
"production" means more mothers,
and still more production. That's positive feedback, which leads to exponential growth.
Social systems offer a special snag,
said Milsum: the question of values.
The optimum size of a police force depends on balancing the cost of crime
against the cost of policemen. What is
the optimal level of crime? It depends
on who you ask. The mythical little old
lady in tennis shoes might demand zero
crime, and accept unblinkingly the
economic and psychological cosi of a
police state, but others would not.
How is a model's moral position
defined? How far ahead can a model be
expected to work? Is there a trade-off
between precision and truth — detailed
predictions being essentially unreliable? Those are some of the unanswered questions.
One intuition that has emerged has to
do with feedback. A system that runs
too smoothly may be vulnerable, goes
the argument, like a tree, which will
grow spindly if offered no challenge
from the wind, and be toppled by an
unexpected storm.
"Maybe," he mused, "what we need
is to inject a whole series of small disasters.... We only seem to learn from disasters, after the event."
The idea of rehearsing disaster to
keep society resilient was also
suggested by C.S. (Buz) Holling, professor of animal resource ecology and a
member of the International Institute
for Applied Systems Analysis in Vienna, which has published much of the
Mesarovic and Pestel work. (UBC, says
Holling, has had a strong influence on
the international institute, which was
set up by Lyndon Johnson to open the
lines of international communication
between scientists.)
Holling calls the approach "safe-
fail," in contrast with fail-safe policies
in which planners go to great lengths to
reduce the chance of disaster as nearly
as possible to zero. Man learns by trial
and error, he said, but the method only
works if the cost of failure is not too
high. Nuclear power plants, while virtually fail-safe, are a hazard because the
cost of failure would be unacceptably .
high.
Another insight is that the systems
usually have more than one stable state
and the system often oscillates from one
to the other — for example, small numbers of spruce budworms can coexist
happily with a generally healthy forest,
but the situation can abruptly change to
one where the pest population has
mushroomed and the forest is devastated. There is a lesson there for world
modellers who usually assume sm oth !
trends. yb'
John Helliwell, a professor in the '^a
UBC department of economics, i an,
accomplished model builder. Hise> >er-!
tise with the electronic crystal ba!: has
led him to speak before the Nat: .rial
Energy Board and the B.C. En igy
Commission and be commissione< for
special studies by groups as dispara e as
the Bank of Canada, the B.C. go1. ;rn-
ment and the Scientific Pollution and
Environmental Control Society. Ai j he
knows the hazards of careless wizai dry,
In an interview, he clucked ove the
innocence of analysts working fo> the
National Energy Board in projecting future production of gas wells. In .heir
anxiety to be conservative and "'aide
gas" they made elementary errors: ()ne,
seriously underestimating that rare at
which gas could be extracted from exist
ing wells, tantamount to assuming that
the companies would switch off the flow m
long before it dropped to an uneconomic I
level.
Holling recalls similar problems with (
analyses he worked on of spruce bud
worm infestations in New Brunswick \
Puzzled as to why the model did not fit [
the results, the scientists finally deter
mined that the official spraying schedule
which they had been working with had
rarely been followed.  "There weie
deals made under the table," he said, in
which one company would negotiate for
more spraying in return for a concession
elsewhere.
Even with good data and accurate
economic and technological insights,
there are still problems. For example,
people read the projections and react to
them. Forecast an increase in the cost of
living, and unions will boost their demands, fulfilling the prophecy, or gov
ernment will institute price controls,
dooming it. "Model builders in ihe
economic sphere are better off if their
predictions are not paid too much atten
tion to," said Helliwell.
With the understanding, then, that
the fog around the images in the cry? tal
ball may conceal surprises, it is wo 1h
looking at the predictions (projection is
the preferred word) of the latest wc Id
model, the one produced by the Fun 'a
cion Bariloche — with the aid of a gr. nt
from the Canadian International > e-
velopment Research Centre.
It differs from other models in th;: it
assumes nations will follow policies e-
signed to maximize individual life ■ »-
pectancy rather than gross natio U
product per capita. GNP is poorly co:' e
lated with quality of life, they arg i,
particularly in developing count!
where economic gains often go into
pockets of a wealthy elite.
Maximizing life expectancy is m:
universal policy, but it is politic;
saleable. More saleable, certainly, t!
a demand for instant zero populat. >n
growth. The Argentine model makes io
lish
lar
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aSs!;.mptions about birth control, except
iiia'i contraception will follow the establish -d pattern of becoming more popular n a country as the economic well-
beir.g of its citizens improves.
Trie world is divided into regions in
mU'.'h the same way as in Man at the
Tur.iing Point; it is assumed that there
will be modest yearly gains in productivity 'iue to improved technology, at least
dur-ng the term of the model (one per
cent a year for food production, for
example); targets are set for housing,
food and education, considered basic
needs; there are restraints on development in the richest countries.
The rich countries, like Canada, do
very well indeed. Life expectancy edges
up from its present high level. Per capita
GNP triples by 1995. A measure of
prosperity is that by 2060 (the limit of
the projection) the proportion of GNP
spent on food drops from 16.7 per cent
to 2.5 per cent.
Latin America satisfies its "basic
needs" by the 1990s. Population growth
slows from 2.8 per cent a year to .43 per
cent in the middle ofthe 21st century.
It is a different story in Asia. Reform
comes too slowly to halt the population
juggernaut. There is, at first, marked
improvement of living standards; by the
year 2000 food supplies have virtually
caught up to population, which has
more than doubled. But by 2040, food
production has fallen back to the
wretched level of today.
Foreign aid is not the answer. A
scenario in which a generous two per
cent of the GNP of the advanced coun-
tnes is transferred to Africa and Asia
only postpones the collapse a little. Aid,
ironically, benefits the developed countries substantially, since their
economies have to expand to provide
the aid.
The study pinpoints the problem as
the lack of farmland in Asia, where already more than 70 per cent of the potentially arable land is under cultivation, compared with 28 per cent in Africa for example. Fortunately, the problem has solutions: there are reserves of
land in other areas and, in the 80 years
be ore the crunch comes, there is time
to develop new food sources and in-
ci.-ase production, which was taken to
bt well below theoretically maximum
le els.
The study concludes that "all of hu-
m nity could attain an adequate standi d of living within a period a little
lo'iger than one generation" and stifle
th : population explosion in one or two
m <re.
•\nd they lived happily ever after?...
$ :11, maybe. It all depends on a sub-
st ntial restructuring of political
pr orities. The authors ofthe Bariloche
re jort, besides calling on the developed
n< ;ions to restrain the growth of their
et Momies, see a need for ail countries
tc aim for a more egalitarian society,
with resources being distributed to
guarantee the basic needs of everyone.
Education is crucial. It would enable
many more people to participate in decision making; such government would
be more likely to result in equitable
policies.
The need for political reform is recognized. Larkin voiced his doubt ofthe
ability of current political institutions to
deal rapidly with coming crises. "The
government is the point where the
machinery creaks."
Helliwell sees hope for change in the
phenomenon of synergy, by which
some societies re-inforce their strengths
through social pressures.
"The general good is achieved simply
because people want it to be," not
through an intricate system of regulations. The concept is contrary to the
usual economic point of view, in which
individual self-interest is taken to be the
force that shapes events.
The self-interest-dominated society,
said Helliwell (who studied philosophy
before economics), pays the price of
policing its intricate rules and the
psychological and social costs of loss of
a sense of individual self-worth.
The development of "group altruism" is essential to the conservor
society, which is part ofthe vision ofthe
Bariloche group, said Helliwell. But
how to accomplish it? Take easy steps
first, he said. Institute programs which
appeal simultaneously to narrow interests and to the broad interest. He
offered the example of using forest
wastes to generate electricity, an approach which benefits the forest companies, the power utility and the owners
ofthe forest resource —- us. The basic
political change should be decentralization of government decision making —
"the smaller the group, the easier to
make decisions and establish trust."
Despite signs that society is going in
the opposite direction, towards distrust
and division, both Larkin and Helliwell
are optimistic. "I wouldn't mind betting
the average lot of mankind is better than
it has ever been," said Larkin. "I've a
notion things may deteriorate unless
we're fairly perceptive (but) a lot of
people know about that now and we can
reasonably expect they're going to do
something about it."
And Helliwell: "I don't think society
is going to fall apart. Society is responsible enough so the worst consequences
probably won't come about."
However, he said, change will only
come when "people have been made to
realize the socially and economically
destructive aspects of a competitive
society."
Perchance, the apocalyptic futures
glimpsed in the world modellers' mirrors will accomplish that realization. D
Tim Padmore, BA'65, (PhD, Stanford),
is science writer for the Vancouver Sun.
kJWtJftl J JO I CSfJWilSiRJiC
enough so tie worst
consequences probably
,mmw+'4r e\a^w^trt, nw+.m.-falr The summer i .    -   ,
Suddenly there is time to do the
lings that get crowded out of
■ ther days. There's time to do the
fecial things of the season.
For thousands of summer
• ession students, six weeks of
'['tensive work is the time to earn
"ore credits toward that degree
' even just enjoy the challenge
'. learning....For professor and
jdent there is the luxury of
'. interrupted hours to complete
^search papers and projects in
" '>rary or laboratory.
The tours come....visitors
* amine the campus, wandering
'" out the malls, gardens and
,. ildings. Some attending
:   nferences or conventions in
? residences. Some renewing
?moriesof earlier years.
On the playing fields... a spo "s
-   up encourages junior Peles..
.   d the football coach
itemplates the prospects of i; e
underbirds... the tennis coun
crowded... there's folk
icing on a outdoor plaza... c
> nmer stock theatre at Somen- >t i '
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fr
y.' >, 4'*? ;;,i   ' 'if-'" 'o
i   ,
; '*
\i, t
0M^y
1*4 >s
>*-*
Ap^J »*u
\,
<-V «f'
.J
y\
Boulevard), eat an ice cream,
make a splash, head for the
beach or work on a tan.... A
sunny noon-hour may mean a
game of backgammon on the
library lawn.... Time, if you
want it, to watch the grass grov
— and be trimmed as well. J   !
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Viveca Ohm _
Invariably people laughed when I told
them I was writing an article on stress.
Not deep doubting belly-laughs, mind
you, just the dry chuckles that might
greet someone announcing he was going
write the Definitive Watergate Story.
Is it because it's such a huge, formless
concept, spilling over any precise
boundaries to cover minor headaches
and creative genius, messy breakdowns
and the thing that holds up bridges (or
whatever the proper engineering function is)? Not since "trip" and "cosmic"
have we had a word mushrooming so
out of our grip. And the trouble is that
there is always another side; the learned
people I talked to would upset my neat
list of the damages stress can do by adding, "On the other hand, a certain
amount of stress is good for you...." and
like that.
Among the things I learned: boredom
{can be horribly stressful. Feelings of
hel[ lessness have caused stress from
the beginning of time. Linus clutching
his ilanket (or any other kid refusing to
be j ried loose from a teddy bear or an
old sock)'is responding to stress in a
normal, security-seeking way.
Ir the beginning, physiological stress
was a response to danger. Early man,
constantly threatened by wild animals,
dev. ;loped a fight-or-flight response: the
sympathetic nervous system was activated to speed up his heart, respiration
and blood pressure, the adrenalin
star ed pumping, he was ready to run or
cliff b a tree or think up a quick way out
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of a tight spot. Once the danger was
past, the parasympathetic nervous system took over to restore the body's balance with rest and relaxation.
Where contemporary stress poses a
problem is that we don't always realize
— or acknowledge — when what we
perceive as a threat has passed. Du-Fay
Der of the counselling psychology department in the UBC education faculty
says today's stress is mainly psychological, such as loss of love, prestige, security. But "physiologically one's body
responds identically to both physical
and psychological danger." As the pattern is repressed, we prolong the state of
emergency until tension and high blood
pressure begin to wear us down.
There is "realistic stress," without
which none of us gets through life. That
includes major changes and losses to
which there are socially accepted reactions of grief or anger. Medical researchers have assigned a stress value of
one to 100 to external changes we are
likely to meet. Death of a spouse rates
highest, followed by divorce, jail term,
death of a close family member. Others
include sexual difficulties, mortgage
over $10,000, and at the lower end ofthe
scale, changes in eating or sleeping
habits, and minor violations ofthe law.
Even seemingly positive events have a
stress value: marriage, outstanding personal achievement, vacations. An
eventful life takes a toll. An American
Navy study of men confined at sea for
several months indicated that those who
■:■;•;•:•:•;•:•»-.•"•:•;•.
had undergone the greatest number of
life changes in the six months prior to
sailing were most likely to report sick
during the voyage.
There are, of course, variations in
stress response according to individual
temperament and lifestyle. One person's nuisance may be another's disaster. An individual with a calm disposition, large insurance and a happy family, may face the burning down of his or
her house with equanimity, while
another not so blessed goes quietly
bananas from living next to a construction site.
Gunther Reith of the UBC department of psychiatry, notes that stress tolerance is to some extent hereditary.
"The temperament factor interacts with
the environment to produce a person's
stress tolerance." Regardless of how it
is caused, however, "stress affects the
body in terms of immunological reaction, so that if people are run down, if
they have had a very difficult time
psychologically, they are much more
susceptible to the common cold than
someone who has had a happy skiing
holiday."
It is easy to forget that there is such a
thing as "good" stress. But Hans Selye
of Montreal, international authority on
stress and author of several books on
the subject, has pointed out that the
Olympic winner at the moment of
triumph, the orchestra conductor in a
particularly successful performance,
are not only radiating excitement ■—
13 they are secreting the same stress hormones as if they had just heard of a
death in the family. Dr. Selye, who calls
healthy stress "eustress" and the unpleasant, unhealthy kind "distress,"
notes, "Most people who are ambitious
and want to accomplish something live
on stress. They need it."
In a society where "accomplishing
something" is virtually seen as an obligation, the hardest thing is probably to
admit one may not be cut out for a certain occupation. "It is normal and wise
to consider stress factors in jobs," says
Dr. Reith. "Most of our teen-age patients have unrealistic goals; — every
second one wants to be a doctor, social
worker, teacher, — occupations with
high stress factors because of the responsibility for other people's problems
which can never be entirely solved.
"To compensate for low self-esteem,
people engage in a vicious circle. They
aim very high, as a result they often fail,
and the more they fail, the higher they
will build their goals. When we get these
people in the hospital, the first thing we
do is emphasize that they really ought to
do what they find interesting in life and
not choose a career because of its prestige."
On-the-job stress can occur on many
levels. In high-risk professions such as
police work, it can accumulate from repeated exposure to danger. In heavy
physical work, as in intensive exercise,
you have direct physiological stress
which "most people are more comfortable with," according to Reith. But boring, non-demanding work also takes its
toll. "As the physical dimensions ofthe
job become exacerbated by
monotony," assembly-line work becomes literally "heavy."
Children undergo stress, too. Turning
to a dependable soft object that will not
raise its voice often provides the needed
reassurance until the child is ready to
face the world again. But certain events
can be the seeds of an adult problem,
and because as Reith points out
"Youngsters are not very verbal or
communicative about their private
lives, not even to their mothers, they
carry their feelings around with them....
"When a child goes to school (a
stressful event in itself) there is peer
pressure which neither teacher nor parent can fully evaluate. If a child does
not have the peer relationship or social
graces to meet his equals, he will have a
very difficult time, regardless of his
work or the teacher, and this may show
up in not wanting to go to school, playing hookey. In younger children you
have a rivalry where they want to compete at a very early age with older children. A three-year old constantly thinks
he ought to do what a four-year old can
do. Of course he hasn't the balance on a
bicycle, he falls off, and learns to feel
that he can't do as well as Johnny. There
14
Is that what's
Bothering you?
This life change stress scale was
assembled by two University of
Washington psychiatrists. Drs.
Thomas Holme and Richard Rahe
say that if your total score is more
than 300, it would be a good time to
re-examine your life-style.
Ufe Event
1. Death of spouse
2. Divorce
3. Marital separation
4. Jail term
5. Death of close family member
6. Personal injury or illness
7. Marriage
8. Fired at work
9. Marital reconciliation
10. Retirement
11. Change in health of family
member
12. Pregnancy
13. Sexual difficulties
14. Gain of new family member
15. Business readjustment
16. Change in financial state
17. Death of close friend
18. Change to different line of
work
19. Change in number of arguments with spouse
20. Mortgage over $10,000
21. Foreclosure of mortgage or
loan
22. Change in responsibilities at
work
23. Son or daughter leaving home
24. Trouble with in-laws
25. Outstanding personal
achievement
26. Wife begins or stops work
27. Begin or end school
28. Change in living conditions
29. Revision of personal habits
30. Trouble with boss
31. Change in work hours or
conditions
32. Change in residence
33. Change in schools
34. Change in recreation
35. Change in church activities
36. Change in social activities
37. Mortgage or loan less than
$10,000
38. Change in sleeping habits
39. Change in number of family
get-togethers
40. Change in eating habits
41. Vacation
42. Minor violations of the law
Mean
Value
100
73
65
63
63
53
50
47
45
45
44
40
39
39
39
38
37
36
35
31
30
29
29
29
28
26
26
25
24
23
20
20
20
19
19
18
17
16
15
13
13
11
'to
an
-ry
>ne
he W
bet
E22SSBEESES2aSE3E2SSSn
ElSgEXngg
you have the seeds of what we call n
cliche, an inferiority complex, but ,
is more important is the feeling thi
cannot do something, which may le<
procrastination and the beginnings <
anxiety reaction."
What Reith calls pre-stress is
important in determining whether
handles or shrinks from subseq ent
situations. "If children are pre-stre sed
in terms of realistic expectations md
experiences, such as in the Out\ ard
Bound program where the caps /,ed
canoe does not mean drowning but imply getting wet and having to
change...(they) are less susceptible to
later environmental stress." Conversely, where the situation is seen as bey ond
control, stress increases. Experiments
with dogs, for instance, who were g; ven
shocks no matter which way niey
jumped over a hurdle, or while in gages
with no escape hatch, produced a conditioned helplessness (as well as very
unfriendly animals). An extreme of
conditioned helplessness is the apathy
of the depressed person "who won't
move, won't see a doctor, won't do anything, because he believes nothing will
make any difference — it hasn't in the
past."
Fortunately, it can work the other
way, with a little help. "An individual
can be taught to overcome an initial low
stress tolerance," says Reith, "provided he is given the adequate expen-
ences. Some people are agoraphobic,
they can't go out on the street. We help
them do that in small steps. Another
person cannot enter a room after
everyone else is seated, he feels he will
be conspicuous, and rather than joining
the meeting he goes home. We can help
him adjust by meeting first a few people,
then more and more people...a step-1
wise program."
For most of us however, stress is a
more shadowy concept. A general uprightness, a sense of being stretched i
past our comfort or confidence, an insidious weight dragging down our
capabilities and our joy in life.
It affects us in many ways. North
Americans consume more tranquilizers
than any other prescription drug, says
Du-Fay Der. My hairdresser tells me
dandruff can be caused by tension.
Well, why not? Headaches, backaches,
insomnia — the litany of everyro: n's
afflications — more often than not h -tve
roots in tension or anxiety. Unlike the
stress of major life changes, whio is
supposed to heal with time, the haroer-
to-pin-down everyday aspect of stess
does not fade away. Many people's ■ tea
of coping with stress is to repress ind
internalize it. They go on looking c- >ol,
calm and collected for years while the
built-up stress accumulates to a p ant
where they will explode, often ov r a
very minor issue. While such an ex 'lesion and its repercussions may pro* ide
im.
■ tior
the
chr.i
nafi
sell'
I.
run:
mar
the
peo
thai
agrt
este
too-
hav
not
can
aca'
can
V
age
ove
tim
Aid
whi
Sor
nor
ing
wit
U i f ,3rson with a good hard look at his
life ,tyle, it often does not come before
lie las developed ulcers or a heart condition, or his high blood pressure has
be< ome hypertension.
1'esides their occupations, the thing
[no X people worry about is their relationships with other people. Can it be
the decreased certainty of roles and
, changing values that account for our
ilnafcging habits of constant analysis and
sei. -criticism?
UBC psychologist Lynn Alden, who
runs assertiveness training and tension
management clinics on campus and in
the community, says "Socially anxious
people see others as performing better
n themselves, as stronger." She
agrees with Reith that problems of self-
esteem often involve people setting
too-high standards and then feeling they
have failed when those standards cannot be lived up to. "I see people on
campus who want to be perfect; the
academic life tends to set standards that
can be unrealistic."
While some who take tension management clinics simply suffer from
over-work and need to organize their
lime better to prevent tension build-up,
Alden says "We deal more with people
who over-react, this is very common."
Some of the techniques aimed at the
non-physical part of anxiety, i.e. worrying are: 1) eliminate negative dialogues
with self, over-evaluation, and what Al
den calls "catastrophizing" ("Most
people recognize that they do this"); 2)
postpone worrying by setting aside a
special time for it, perhaps 15 minutes
after morning coffee, don't let yourelf
worry outside that time; 3) focus on the
positive to challenge negative thoughts.
No one can make tension disappear
from his or her life, warns Alden, all you
For most, stress is a
shadowy concept — a
sense of being stretched
past comfort or
confidence.
can hope to do is learn to cope with it.
And by "coping" Alden and most other
therapists do not mean internalizing.
Still, lifelong habits die hard, and coping
with stress in a healthy way is not something you do overnight. Or even care to
do, in many cases. As Reith notes,
many people not only don't admit they
have a problem, they really are not
aware of it, and will tell you they are
managing fine, thank you. Besides,
that's life, right?
As another way of coping, regular relaxation periods reduce muscle tension
and provide a little mental balm. Du-
Fay Der outlines three basic
techniques, all involving 15-20 minutes
with eyes closed in a comfortable chair,
quiet room, once or twice a day.
In systematic relaxation, you clench
and relax your left foot, right foot, left
leg, right leg and so on upward right to
the eyebrows. This method is used in
many hospitals and workshops, including Alden's. In auto-hypnosis, the same
process takes place, only you tell the
body parts to relax. In meditation you
simply breathe calmly and concentrate
on either your breathing or on the mental repetition of a sound, such as
"peace" or "relax." Here you have the
basis for transcendental meditation,
minus the more exotic embellishments.
Research has found that while all three
produce a feeling of relaxation, auto-
hypnosis and meditation also reduce
oxygen intake, respiration and heart
rate, and meditation increases alpha
waves (present in the brain when a person is in a wholly relaxed state of mind).
Regardless which method you
choose, the trick is to do it regularly and
not let yourself get distracted. It takes
15 minutes just to slow down enough to
benefit from the session, and it takes six
v. ■ x    .."-   .r-
/
TOURS,
FOR THE
PICKING
When you selected a university to attend,
you picked an outstanding one . . . U.B.C.
And one of the University's more outstanding
features is its conference facility. In fact,
j    U.B.C. is the home of the largest university
'    conference facility in Canada.
U.B.C. can offer you and your group
beautiful summer weather, a unique physical
setting, exceptional meeting rooms, seminar
facilities, attractive accommodations and
extremely reasonable rates.
We hope you will consider the U.B.C.
Conference Centre for your next conference.
You'll be coming home to a good friend.
Please contact us for more information:
Conf OTen.ce Centre
2071 West Mali, University of British Columbia
Vancouver, B.C. V6T1K2   Phone 604-228-5441 ii-'."V'r--t'1 i' \'^ry y' '' -   ' i i ■ ,
h&h'W&Q ^V'i/^'l!?/v&? ^"v'"'
C.H. Wills, L.L.B. '49 - Chairman of the board.
J.R. Longstaffe, BA '57, L.L.B. '58, Director. I.
Stewart, BA '57, LLB. '60, Director. G.A.
McGavin, B. Comm '60 - President. E.G. Moore,
L.L.B. 70-Treasurer. S.L Dickson, B. Comm '68
- Deputy Comptroller. P.L. Hazell, B. Comm '60 -
■Deputy Comptroller. K.E. Gateman, B. SC. '61 -
Deputy Comptroller. R.K. Chow, M.B.A. 73 -
Branch Manager. L.J.Turner, B. Comm 72
Property Development Co-ordinator.
OFFICES TO SERVE YOU AT:
900 W. Pender St. Vancouver 685-3711.
590 W. Pender St. Vancouver 685-3711
130 E. Pender St., Vancouver 6B5-3935.
2996 Granville St. Vancouver 738-7128.
6447 Fraser St., Vaneouwer 324-6377
538 6th St., New West. 525-1616
1424 Johnston Rd. W. Rock 531 -8311.
737 Fort St., Victoria 384-0514
518 5th Ave. S.W. Calgary 265-0455
Member Canada Deposit insurance Corporation
Member Trust Companies Association of Canada
iiiumns, says jut. uer wiin a gnn, oei >re
you notice a change to a more perva* ve
calm. But as a practitioner himself  he f
promises it's well worth it.
Is there really more stress in   u\\
modern society than in times gone   y?
Some authorities say it is only di: n-
buted   differently.   No   doubt    hej;'s
Medieval peasant had his problems \ ith
land and lord, his children may h ve
been overworked and anxious, his   ni-
mals underfed and fearful. But   he
stepped-up pace of life today, and hell
need, real or imagined, to keep up v ith'"
that pace, the multitude of choices -.nd
difficult-to-defiee demands, all seen to
have got out of hand. At least if we
believe those medical authorities v ho
claim that 80 per cent of diseases ire
stress-related. Maybe we are not all
built to run this fast.
What else can you do? Besides the
discipline-requiring relaxation sessions,
regular exercise is a good outlet for
stress. Swimming, hiking, bicycling,
most organized sports, will loosen up
tight muscles while taking your mind off
what's worrying you.
Move to the country. Experts generally agree, not surprisingly, that a rural
environment is less stressful than an urban one. The high stimulation of noisy,
crowded cities is as uncomfortable to
many humans as the 200-to-a-cage experiments are to rats, who develop
many of our favorite neuroses as a result.
So uncomfortable in fact, that
psychology researchers rarely have any
trouble finding volunteers for sensory
deprivation projects — the kind of thing
where you sit in a dark room alone for 24
hours, largely deprived of any kind of
stimulation. Psychologist Peter Sued-
feld, who conducts such experiments at
UBC, says the sessions have a
therapeutic purpose in behavior problems such as over-eating, high blood
pressure, smoking, by providing a "re^
treat" from stimuli that bring on the
problem. Not incidentally, the experience reduces stress, which may be one
reason for its popularity. Many apparently find the experience so soothing
that they come back for more. Or.
Suedfeld sees a relation between sensory
deprivation retreats and the growth of
meditation, the return to the land. Presumably, if you lived "on the land" you
would have no need to shut yourself :na
dark room for 24 hours, even should
such a thing be available.
Of course, rural living could be unbearably stressful to those who incline
to the excitement of the race. We all||
have different tolerances, differint
needs. "Ultimately a question of
health," says Gunther Reith, "is to find
the kind of life one is amenable to .ind
capable of coping with."D
Viveca Ohm, BA'69, is a Vancou set \
writer.
16 ?l)/b   wv'esDroon   man
'jlVS.   ISSW   0497-29;
■Judith Walker, editors.
r-
?s^choIo9y
* i '©08;
When I get older, losing my hair,
Many years from now,
Will you still be sending me a Valentine,
Birthday greetings, bottle of wine?
Jfl'd been out to quarter to three
Would you lock the door?
Will you still need me, will you still feedme
When I'm 64?
-From "When I'm 64," a song by the Beatles in
the album "Sergeant Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band."
Lyrics copyright by Northern Songs, England.
This issue of UBC Reports is largely given over to the
views and ideas of a group of UBC faculty members who
are in the forefront of patient care, teaching and
research in gerontology - the discipline that deals with
the phenomena and problems of the aging.
It's a discipline that bids fair to become one of the
most rapidly growing areas of research and study at UBC
and other Canadian universities.
The reason: Canada is coming of age in the way that
demographers — people who study population — define
it.
A country is considered "old" if 8 per cent of its
population is over 65. Canada, a little later than most
European nations, reached that watershed with the 1971
census.
By the year 2001 — a merev24 years from now — 12
per cent of Canada's population will be 65 or over. Or as
one federal government publication puts it: "As surely
as the rivers flow to the sea, the population in Canada
aged 65 and over will grow from 1.7 million in 1971 to
3.3 million in 2001."
Projections beyond the turn of the century become
more difficult, but the best figures available indicate that
by 2031 — 54 years hence — 20 per cent of the
population will be aged 65 and over. The estimated 8
million aged in that year are not figments of someone's
imagination. The vast majority were born before
"Canada's 1967 Centennial and are living now.
There are a number of reasons for the rapid increase
in the absolute and proportionate number of elderly in
the Canadian population.
First, there is the demographic explosion known as
the baby boom, a period of very high fertility which
began shortly after the end of the Second World War and
continued until 1965, when a dramatic decline in birth
rate began.
It is this baby-boom population, coupled with the
reduced birth rate in the post-1965 period, that will
cause the number of elderly to increase dramatically,
both in absolute numbers and as a proportion of the
total Canadian population.
This phenomenon is likely to be felt more strongly in
B.C. than in many other Canadian provinces unless
something happens to alter our current age structure.
Today, the population of B.C. is characterized by an
average proportion of adults, combined with the lowest
proportion of children in Canada and a
higher-than-average percentage of elderly. A low fertility
rate and the immigration of retired adults are the major
factors responsible for this distribution pattern.
Another major factor contributing to the growth in
numbers of the elderly is the fact that people are living
longer.
In 1971, life expectancy at birth was 69.3 years for
males and 76.4 years for females. Statistics Canada
projections are based on a life expectancy of 72.8 yeais
for males and 79.1 for females by the year 2001.
.. . / could be happy mending a fuse
When your lights have gone.
You can knit a sweater by the fireside,
Sunday morning go for a ride.
Doing the garden, digging the weeds,
Who could ask formore? ■  ,
Will you still need me, will you still feed me
When I'm 64?
Our interest in the problems of the aging began
simply enough — we had scheduled for this issue of UBC
Reports an article on the latest addition to the campus
Health Sciences Centre, the 300-bed Harry Purdy
Extended Care Unit, which admitted its first patients
early in July.
We discovered, however,' that health care for the
elderly was only one aspect of Canadian life that would
be affected by an aging population. Because the needs of
the elderly are many and varied, other major issues to be
brought into focus include housing, transportation,
community support services, education and politics, to
name only a few.
We discovered also that UBC has begun to respond to
the problems that will result from Canada's changing
age structure. Scattered throughout the University in
various faculties and departments are a substantial
number of teachers and researchers working in the field
of gerontology. Sn almost every case they report that an
increasing number of students are showing interest in the
field. President Douglas Kenny has asked a
University-wide committee for recommendations on
ways in which UBC can foster studies in this area.
We decided to let these teachers and researchers
describe in their own words the problems and some of
the emerging solutions to the aging-population
phenomenon. The material on the following pages is
divided roughly into two sections. First, individuals
concerned with the planning and operation of the new
extended-care unit describe how it will function as a
treatment, teaching and research centre within the
concept of the health-team approach to medical care.
This is followed by interviews with UBC teachers and
researchers on their activities and concerns as they relate
to the aging phenomenon.
As editor of UBC Reports, I'm grateful to the many
faculty members who took 'time out during busy
summer schedules to talk to me. The black-and-white
drawings for this issue are by Jean Pedlar, of the
Department of Biomedical Communications, who had to
grapple with the problem of illustrating a many-faceted
problem.
—Jim Banham
. . . We shall scrimp and save
Grandchildren on your knee, Vera, Chuck and Dave.
Send me a postcard, drop me a line ■
Stating point of view.
Indicate precisely whflt you mean to say.
Yours sincerely, wasting away.
Give me your answer, fill in a form,
Mine for evermore.
Will you still need me, will you still feed me
When I'm 64?
•I  '
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2/UBC Reports New evidence ©f faith in UBC
The Dr. Harry Purdy Extended Care
'nit — described by Health Minister
obert McClelland as the "latest and
eshest piece of evidence of the faith
f the people of this province in the
fniversity of British Columbia" — was
fficially opened on July 12.
Mr. McClelland, who noted the UBC
ampus has been the focus of tremen-
ous academic and capital expansion
recent years, said the new hospital
ould go a long way toward reducing
lie waiting lists of those requiring
xtended care. "Some have waited as
mg as 18 months," he said.
In recognizing that the new hospital
Iso serves as a teaching facility, Mr.
IcClelland said it should try to reach
happy balance between teaching and
reatment.
"We must be concerned about the
[uality of life at this (hospital) for its
iiture residents," the health minister
aid, "and I hope that their dignity
?ill never be secondary to teaching." .
Dr. Pat McGeer, education minister,
iw the teaching aspect as one of the
lew hospital's strengths.
"This . . . is not an ordinary extend-
i care hospital," he said. "This is
vhere the young people will be com-
tig to learn the problems of the
nfirm, and if you want to put a little
pirit and a little jazz into a hospital,
ust bring youngsters into it. It is also
low you keep all of the doctors and
he staff on their toes."
Dr. McGeer, who termed the opening
history in the making," said the
lospital will also be the focus of
esearch, "and if those of future generations are to be spared the suffering
>f those in present generations, it can
nly be through discovery and knowledge."
The   education   minister  also  paid
tribute to the former health minister,
Dennis Cocke of the New Democratic
Party. He said Mr. Cocke had "slashed
a great deal of red tape" to get the
hospital under way "and that, contribution should be recognized."
Simma Holt, member of Parliament
for Vancouver-Kingsway, represented
the government of Canada at the
opening. She said the hospital was "an
illustration of what can happen when
citizens and government work together
instead of pulling apart."
Mrs. Holt read a telegram from
Justice Minister Ron Basford,
announcing that the federal government would give the province an
additional payment of up to $80
million for post-secondary education
in B.C. for the years since 1972.
Dr. McGeer, who promised to pass
on this federal money directly to
educational institutions, paid tribute
to Deputy Education Minister Walter
Hardwick, former director of
continuing education at UBC, for
work he had done behind the scenes to
obtain this payment from Ottawa.
UBC President Douglas Kenny told
the opening-day guests that as a
psychologist he had long been interested in the problems of the aging process.
"I have often wondered how, in an
area such as Vancouver, our scholars
could come to grips with the problem
of ill health so frequently visited upon
our older citizens.
"Preventive medicine and heredity
are, of course, important," Dr. Kenny
said. "However, it is of little comfort
to human beings suffering from
disabling or continuing illness to be
told that they should have chosen
their grandparents more wisely.
"The inescapable fact is that, all
rhetoric aside, there are citizens who
need precisely what this hospital can
give them . . . extended care."
Coquitlam Mayor Jack Campbell,
chairman of the Greater Vancouver
Regional Hospital District which built
the hospital, said the $10 million
building had been brought in $1
million under budget, and he congratulated UBC for its "continuing interest
in the problems of the aging."
Walter Koerner, chairman of the
management committee of the UBC
Health Sciences Centre, said the
300-bed extended care unit and the
240-bed acute care unit now under
construction "will complete the
Health -Sciences Centre which we
began two decades ago.
"This extended care unit is the only
one in Canada built with a view to
provide not only a high quality of
patient care, but an environment that
is conducive to teaching our future
health workers, and conducive to
research into the problems of long-
term illness," he said.
Chancellor Donovan Miller paid tribute in his remarks of welcome to the
late Dr. Purdy and expressed regrets
that Mrs. Purdy could not attend the
opening because of illness. Sons Peter
and David Purdy were on hand, however, and participated with Health
Minister McClelland in the unveiling of
a plaque in honor of their father.
Dr. Purdy, a distinguished graduate
and professor at UBC, was the first
chairman of the advisory committee to
the Greater Vancouver Regional Hospital District.
The first patients to the Dr. Harry
Purdy Extended Care Unit were
admitted on July 13. the day after the
official opening.
UBC Reports/3 Lloyd Detwiller is administrator of
UBC's Health Sciences Centre and is
responsible for all clinical health facilities on the campus. He describes how
the new extended care unit was constructed and its role and function in
the context of the Health Sciences
Centre.
This new hospital- is not your average extended care unit. It was conceived as a care-teaching-research hospital. Before we started excavating,
that idea had the approval of the
provincial government; the Greater
Vancouver Regional Hospital District,
which actually built the unit; and all
the other organizations that, had to be
consulted.
The University agreed to open the
hospital on a service basis initially
because extended-care beds are badly
needed, but right from the start it was
agreed that the hospital would develop ,
a teaching and research program as
well.
Incidentally, the total estimated
cost of the hospital was just over
$11.1 million, but the actual cost was
considerably lower because there was
rigid control of expenditures as the
project proceeded and minimal
changes were made to the plans during
construction.
The basic plan for the Harry Purdy
Extended Care Unit is based on a
similar unit opened at the Vancouver
General Hospital in the early 1970s.
The Banfield Unit at the VGH is
acknowledged to be one of the best of
its *kind in Canada from the point of
view of those working there and the
patients.
At the time we applied to the VGH
board for permission to use their plans
to build our unit, there had been two
major reviews of the Banfield unit by
their staff. So we knew what had
worked and what should be avoided in
revising the plans for our building.
In addition, we asked the architects
to build into our plans the necessary
facilities for the teaching and research
program. There had to be other major
revisions to the VGH plans as well; for
instance, we had to have a complete
dietary service, whereas the Banfield
unit gets its food from a centra! VGH
kitchen.
We also redesigned the main floor
so that all the medical and administrative heads are grouped together for
easier communication.
But the most important revision
was the addition of a research and
teaching wing on the north side of the
unit. It contains four floors of offices,
seminar and research rooms to house
4/UBC Reports
.    ft_'-i.\"»J
Lloyd Detwiller
the academic components of the
health faculties, schools and departments that will work in the hospital.
The majority of these groups will be
funded through academic departmental budgets and not through the
hospital.
Research began in the unit before
we admitted a single patient. A group
of psychologists is working on relocation stress and helping some patients
make the transition from their former
environment to the hospital. (See interview on page 7.)
The facilities in the research and
teaching wing wil! be vital for training
students. Most genera! hospitals simply
aren't designed and equipped for this
activity and this lack of clinical facilities has become crucial for expansion
of the medica! school.
The research-teaching wing won't
be used by medical students alone.
There are some 2,000 students from
al! areas of the health sciences taking
courses in the nearby Woodward Instructional Resources Centre and
many of them will use the wing in
their training program.
What makes the UBC unit unique is
that it's the only extended care unit
hospital in Canada in a medica! teaching complex that combines care, teaching and research for the long-term
treatment of disease, which, is emerging as one of the major problems in
health care.
What will also emerge as time p
is a whole new set of University-c
munity relationships as the result
the presence here of the extended ...
unit and the acute care hospital, whic 'tr<
is now under construction. Universitif W
don't have to operate lumber millst oct'
train foresters or mines to teach mir tof°
ing and metallurgy. But we do havet ^er
utilize hospitals and other health facil "Pc
ties to teach students how to provid !arr
health care. The new extended car ^
unit is admirably located for tha ic'u
purpose. )ci«
iter
When the acute care unit is com ay
plete, all the components of the origi
nal plan for the Health Sciences Centn om
will be in place and this University wil jnc
be able to practise the health-tean nvo
concept as far as it can be taken. rea
Hospital suited
to team approach
taf
"his
rol
lOSj
Ion
ers
Dr. George Price is acting medica C
director of UBC's new extended can f> 1
unit and associate professor in th f
medical school's Department oj uti
Medicine. He describes for UBC H
Reports the team approach to health irg
care that will be practised in the nevi thi
unit. ' he
The patients we admit will have lie
long-term problems involving chronic i'oi
conditions and diseases. The majority, os
but by no means all, will be elderly, jut
We'll also be admitting middle-aged lev
and young people suffering from f\\
chronic diseases such as multiple xt
sclerosis, Parkinson's disease and atl
cerebral palsy. ie
The patients will be treated for dv
their chronic conditions and lef
rehabilitated so they'll be able to take (er,
maximum advantage of the unit and ec
what it offers. The team approach to roi
treatment and care — the concept
fostered within the Health Sciences? n(
Centre at UBC - is ideally suited to an|l(
extended care unit such as this one
The treatment team is made up of a
number of health professionals. One of
the primary members is the physician,  nt
who looks after the medical needs of fie
the    patients   and   co-ordinates   the
efforts   of   the  team.   We   hope  that
many of the practising doctors in thej|01
community who admit patients to this
unit will.turn  over the care of their
patients   entirely   to   us   so   we   can
develop this co-ordinated approach to
treatment.
The   doctors   in   the  unit  will   be
employed on-a part-time basis. They
dv
o
ne
ar
nf
he
m car
Jjon't be residents or recent graduates
{ I   a    medical    school    who    want
ltn iecialized     training     in     geriatrics,
I      though we hope to provide that kind
training in the future.
We see the presence of employed
octors  in the hospital overcoming a
roblem   that   arises   in   some  places
here   the   nurses,  who  are  another
3C|-| nportant  component  of  the  health
!am, never see the physician.
Other members of the health team
tfcJiclude   rehabilitation   specialists  and
icial   workers   who   have   a   special
iterest in the chronically ill. They'll
om ay particular attention to the social
rigi eeds     of     patients     as     well     as
itr ammunicating   with   their   families,
wil (nee we will do everything possible to
'an ivolve  families  and   patients   in   the
eatment pattern.
A member of the administrative
taff is also on the treatment team.
his is designed to overcome a
roblem that crops up continually in
ospitals where the administrators
_ lon't   talk   to  the  doctors  and  vice
ersa.
ca    Dietitians are   important members
in f the treatment team because many
% f our    patients   will    have   special
utritional needs.
8( ;0ur medical records department is
'tk irger than similar departments in
;w ther extended-care hospitals because
he records supervisor is also part of
be treatment team. We'll have many
lore observations to record in this
y, ospital because we'll be training
tudents here in the future and
eveloping a research program that
(ill make the medical record
xtremely important. The files won't
ather dust here; the administrator will
ie visiting wards to supervise and
dvise on record-keeping and. point up
leficiences. Normally, the records
lepartment doesn't see the medical
ecord until the patient is discharged
rom hospital.
The pharmacist is another
nportant member of the team.
Iderly people are frequently
•ver-medicated and the pharmacists
'ill have an important role to play in
dvisirtg the medical team on drug
iteractions and ensuring the flow of
indications.
A basic treatment team will operate
m each of the four floors of the
'ospital. The team will meet regularly
o assess a patient's condition and that
meeting may,even involve the patient's
arnily, which can provide valuable
"formation for the team. The patients
hemselves will be involved • in
lecisions about the treatment
tfogram.
#i!t%
m,-
Dr. George Price
The unit also has a complete dental
faciiity. Unfortunately, because of
lack of funds, it's not yet operating.
But we've had dental faculty input
during planning and when funds
become available the dentist will
become a team member in every sense.
Denta! problems are an important
factor in the nutritional status of the
elderly.
There has been a similar funding
problem for a clinical psychologist,
but eventually we hope to have one on
our team. Meanwhile, the Department
of Psychology provides us with a
faculty representative on our
management committee.
And let's not forget the volunteers
in this total picture — they're a most
important group in an extended-care
hospital. The direct and indirect
services they provide are enormously
beneficial to patients, from before
admission to after discharge.
The treatment team will be looking
at innovative patterns of patient care
for the chronically ill and these will be
continually evaluated to see what
works and what doesn't. In many ways
that's the most important thing that
wil! happen here and is one reason
why the extended care unit was
located on the campus as part of the
Health Sciences Centre.
As the medical-care team evolves
these new patterns of care through
testing and evaluation, the techniques
will be passed on to students through
the teaching program. And that means
a much broader range than just
students in primary health care. We
fully expect to be dealing with
students from psychology, social
work, home economics, and other
allied health fields.
FWtents have
say in treatment
Mary Cruise, director of nursing in
UBC's new extended care unit,
describes the role of the nurse in the
hospital's interprofessional approach
to patient care
The aim of this unit is to be
innovative in the sense of developing
new patterns of patient care and
rehabilitation that will be carefully
evaluated on a regular basis. UBC's
new extended-care hospital also offers
many opportunities for improving
student education and fostering
research.
In terms of nursing, we'll strive to
create within the unit an environment
■ of normality for the elderly, who
often have disease conditions coupled
with disabilities. Our experience will
be brought to bear on their physical
condition as well as their social and
emotional life.
One way of doing this is to
encourage patient input into the
management of their condition,
because we believe they have a right to
take part in the decisions that affect
them.
Nurses won't be working in
isolation from the other professionals
in the hospital. Our record-keeping
system will be problem-oriented,
which means that each of the
professionals in the hospital will do an
analysis of the patient's condition.
Then we meet as a group and each
professional makes a contribution to
the discussion on the concerns of each
patient and a decision is made on a
treatment program.
We include the patients and/or their
families in the process. Each nurse will
discuss with the patients their
concerns and ask what's been helpful
to them in the past, and what they
think might be helpful. The nurse will
also make some suggestions and
together a treatment plan will be
developed. This will happen with all
the health professionals in the hospital
so that a treatment plan will emerge.
The key is that the treatment plan will
not be developed for the person, but
with the'person.
Continued on page 6
UBC Reports/5 We'll also foster an environment in
which the patients will organize
themselves and their own activities.
That will probably come slowly
because many wil! have been in and
out of institutions for years and will
have become acclimatized to having
decisions made for them. So there's a
teaching process involved there. Small
decisions will be reinforced to
encourage patients to increase their
involvement in the lifestyle of the
unit.
If the nurses we hire aren't
prepared to foster this approach, then
it will fail. So we look for nurses who
are people-, not institution-oriented —
nurses who are concerned about
lifestyles and who have creative ideas
about what can be done here.
Our nurses will be working 12-hour
shifts because we feel there's a better
chance of making things happen in
that time frame. Hospitals have a way
of imposing their routines on patients
if nurses work a 7 a.m. to 3 p.m.
shift, say. In a situation like that,
the beds would have to be made,
patients bathed and cared for and
meals served at specific times because
nurses would be thinking in terms of
getting their work done before the
shift ends.
Working a 12-hour shift, the nurses
will be able to deal with patients as
individuals, to ask them what time
they'd like a bath so the patient and
the staff can plan the day around
various activities.
And there won't be fewer nurses on
at night, as is the case in most
hospitals. Older people need less sleep,
and while many of them may want to
go to bed at, say, 6 p.m., that means
they'll be awake at midnight or 1 a.m.
One- approach that we wouldn't
condone is to ge.t them back to bed
and give them a sleeping pill. We'll let
them watch the midnight movie, bathe
them if they wish, provide them with a
light snack or just talk to them,
because many are lonely and may need
company.
Elderly ore an
untapped resource
Kathy Scalzo, director of rehabilitation in the new extended care unit,
describes the role of the rehabilitation
expert in the unit.
Traditionally, physical and occupational therapy conjures up in people's
minds images of rigorous physical exercise, lots of activity, weaving,
massage and things like that. Here, in
the new extended care unit, we're
simply talking about helping disabled
elderly people to regain their ability to
do as much as they can for themselves.
6/UBC Reports
Kathy Scalzo
Many of our patients will come to
us from nursing homes and other
institutions where their activity has
been confined to getting out of bed to
sit in a chair and then returning to
bed. Many won't even have had the
simplest kind of stimuli, such as
books, music and TV.
With many patients, we'll be starting -with the simplest and most basic
things, feeding and dressing themselves
and moving about. Relearning these
skills, which you and I take for
granted, can assist someone in maintaining a feeling of usefulness as well
as personal pride and dignity.
Some elderly people are handicapped for short periods of time and
have to have the services of a
rehabilitation expert to help them
regain normal use of their limbs. Many
elderly have the attitude, "Well, I'm
getting old, you know, and not being
able to dress myself, or walk normally,
or whatever, is one of the things that
happens at my age." A lot can be done
to change that attitude and encourage
them to become more independent.
And no one wi!! be breathing down
their necks and pushing them to learn
to feed themselves or walk again. In
some cases, it may take two or three
months to learn the simplest functions. The pace will be slow and
experts available to help them.
I hope that other UBC departments
will respond to the needs of our
patients. We're already talking to the
Botanical Garden staff about gardening projects. I hope the music department will advise us on what kinds of
music will appeal to the elderly and
even stage concerts for them in the
unit. Perhaps the theatre department
could enrich the lives of our patients.
Certainly, we hope the library will be
able to help us with suitable reading
material.
The unit can also provide leadership
in training students and developing
research   projects.   Rehabilitation stu
dents,will, in the future, receive thejjllp'0
training here in physiotherapy ayrang
occupational therapy techniques f. itert
the elderly. They'll also learn the ski rect
for developing social and recreation )era1
programs for the elderly. th
Research also presents some exci sis"t«
ing possibilities. There simply hasn Th
been much work done on the kindst |'sor
lives that people live in extended cai ^'iC
facilities and the kinds of stirtu e've
required to make their lives moi s'P1
meaningful. i th
We feel very strongly that oi (ten
patients represent an untapped r is '
source. There's no reason why elderl jntr
people couldn't provide day care ft iat i
young people in extended care uni Kter
such as these. It would give a gre; i'^1
deal more meaning to their lives. ie e
.In the long run, we're even lookin pP1
toward the day when extended car ant
patients may be able to be discharge iven
from units such as this when they'v nd I
reached the point where they can loo ■W
after themselves with the aid of con foriN
munity services. oor
reel"
,00
A
Volunteers vital
at new hospital
syc
;qu
Sherry Kendall is the full-time A ig
rector of volunteer services in UBC a| |
new extended care unit and the adjt cy
cent psychiatric unit An the campu ;re'
Health Sciences Centre, She descrik ue
the role of the volunteer in UB( jSt
hospitals. Readers interested in worl
ing as volunteers may call Ms. Kenda —
at 228-4919. }.
Hospital volunteers at UBC aren' j,
regarded as people who perform unirr I*
portant or annoying tasks that merr —
bers of the medica! team haven't go h
time for. We're accepted as an irnpor -J
tant part of the hospital's operatior
with a vital role to perform.
The extended-care administrator: f>'
have recognized this by including vol ffl
unteers in the orientation prograrj •?"
that every staff member must takf i?f
part in before they start working here ?s-
The orientation is excellent and helps ;;'
the volunteers to understand the team t
approach tq health care in the unit. As r.
a result, they're in a. much better j;
position to help the staff and patients f
JVIuch of what the volunteer brings^;
to the hospital setting is intangible a
nd
can t be statistically  recorded.  Basic- ./
ally,   it's   empathy  with  a  group of
people who have very special problems
and need emotional and psychological
support. 1L^
The volunteer's role includes every- 'ec
thing from just sitting and talking to sh.
patients, because many of them are >h
lonely, to dressing the hair of women
patients,   taking   patients  on  outings, ping them with craft activities and
nging concerts and other forms of
rtainment. Not all volunteers have
ect contact with patients. Many
ate gift shops, supervise libraries
the hospitals and provide office
stance.
iasn   The   volunteer   can  also  act  as  a
(jS( |ison   between  the  patient and the
cai edical  staff.  In the psychiatric unit
imu e've  found  that  the  volunteer can
tk, >|p the treatment team by passing on
) them the concerns that a patient
(ten expresses  in conversation. And
I r ie volunteer   is   asked   to   make   a
jeri jntribution   to   the   medical   record
iat is kept in both the psychiatric and
Ktended care units.
We're still recruiting volunteers for
ie extended care unit, although 30 to
kin 0 people have already indicated they
car ant to help as a result of talks I've
rge iven to the Faculty Women's Club
y'v nd local church groups.
We   have   about    10G\ volunteers
orrl/orking in the psychiatric unit next
oor. Each puts in about three hours a
leek and last year we recorded about
,000 volunteer hours.
A surprising number of volunteers
i   students.   We   get   them   from
sychology   because  some professors
_ jquire students to work for a volun-
tf community organization as part
a course. Others come from Physi-
al Education and Recreation, Pharm-
W cy, Nursing and some are taking
W re-med training. About 40 per cent of
!~j he volunteers in the psychiatric unit
year were students.
da
feychology team
Indies stress
!
go  ?;
lOI ,,A team of UBC psychologists, led
j0I !)> assistant professor Dr. Jerry Willis
nd PhD. student John Campbell,'
of tgan research in UBC's new Extended
'are Unit before a single patient was
gij dtnitted. Funded by the Canada
ki ■ouncil,   the  team   is  carrying out
(search on relocation stress, which
,|pi wludes a special program to prepare
gif itknts for entry into the new
fc Wpital Other members of the team
tel re Sandra Mills, a master's student in
lts ]}ychology; Jane Buchan, a master's
y tudent in nursing; and Elaine
n[ 'enkpiel, a recent B.A. graduate in
,jc; Psychology. UBC Reports discussed
0j he research project with various
mS nembers ofthe research team.
cal JOHN CAMPBELL: Everyone
offers from relocation stress
ry- egardless of age. Stress is involved in.
to hanging jobs or moving from one
are >hysical location to another.
i en The elderly seem to be more
gsjpnerable than other age groups. The
literature indicates that up to 25 per
cent of those who move from one
environment to an institution that
provides care die within three months
of the move. Up to 50 per cent suffer
emotional or physical deterioration as
a result of a move.
There are all kinds of questions to
be answered about relocation stress.
We speculate that people who move
from their own homes to an
extended-care unit are subject to
greater stress than those who move
from an intermediate-care institution,
say, to an extended-care unit.
Personality differences have to be
taken into consideration/ too. We
know that people who are demanding
and assertive — some health-care
people might refer to them as unruly
patients — seem to suffer less from
relocation stress and survive longer.
They seem to be the type who want to
control their own environment,
whether it's the food they eat or the
furnishings of their room.
DR. JERRY WILLIS: You can't
just turn that around, though, and
assume that the passive person will
suffer more from relocation stress.
There are two variables here — one
is that we don't adapt very well to
change as individuals. In general, we
like things to stay the way they are. So
the bigger the change, the greater the
stress.
The other factor is that different
individuals can handle stress better
than others. The fact is that some
individuals will live longer, even if
they're bedridden and lack mobility, if
they make an effort to control their
lives.
In the past, many patients in
extended care units have been the
victims of a custodial mode! of care. If
someone dresses you, feeds you and
looks after your every need on the
assumption that you're old and can't
manage yourself, it inevitably
destroys individual initiative. Little
wonder that many people become
passive in a situation like that.
I'm on the operating committee of
the Purdy extended care unit as the
representative for the psychology
department. John was already doing
work in gerontology for his Ph.D.
program and the opening of the unit
was an excellent opportunity for doing
work on relocation stress.
John and Sandy have developed a
couple of slide-tape programs that can
be shown to people who are about to
move to the campus unit. Both are
portable and can be shown to
prospective patients and their families
in their own homes. The programs are
designed to show the patients what to
expect when they arrive here and how
to cope with some of the stressful
problems they'll experience.
Unfortunately, we don't have
enough money to do this for everyone
who'll be admitted to the unit. But
over a period of time we'll be able to
compare the conditions of patients
who received the program with those
who didn't.
SANDY MILLS: The Department
of Biomedical Communications in the
Woodward Instructional Resources
Centre did a great job for us in putting
together the slide-tape shows. We even
managed to get an elderly person who
has been in an extended care unit
herself for a couple of years to narrate
them. •/
The first program simply shows the
incoming patient the physical facilities
of the UBC unit. Very often patients
aren't given any information about
what their future home will be like.
Even relatives who visit the unit aren't
always able to convey the appearance
of the place verbally.
So we show them what their room
will be like and the facilities and
services that wil! be available to them.
We also encourage them to decide on
what persona! effects they wil! bring
with them, even down to pictures of
grandchildren and other relatives.
The    other    presentation    suggests
Continued on page 10'
UBC Reports/7 Optimism.
That's the word that keeps coming
to mind when you talk to Dr. William
Webber, UBC's new dean of medicine.
"It's exhilarating to be given the
responsibility of heading the Faculty
of Medicine at a time when so many
things ar.e happening that will
undoubtedly improve medical care,
education and research in B.C.," he
said recently in his Health Sciences
Centre office.
UBC's medical school is undergoing
an expansion of enrolment and
physical facilities unprecedented in its
27-year history.
Consider:
• A new 300-bed extended-care
unit, which will also be a major
teaching and research facility, has just
opened as' part of UBC's Health
Sciences Centre;
© On April 18, the first sod was
turned for a $32 million acute-care
hospital adjacent to the extended-care
unit;
© Clinical teaching facilities will be
upgraded at Vancouver hospitals
associated with the UBC medical
school;
• Additional basic medical science
facilities will be built at UBC;
©   All    these    developments    are
related to a plan to double admissionss
to  UBC's  Faculty of Medicine from
the present 80 students to 160.
Many outsiders might be prepared
to excuse the 43-year-old dean if he
expressed some apprehension about
the future. Dean Webber, however,
sees no insoluble problems on the
horizon.
"I'd rather have problems to work
my way through with the prospect of
major developments than simply to
have problems without that prospect,"
is the way he puts it.
There are two sides to the picture
that the UBC medical school currently
presents to the world. Dean Webber
said.
"On the one hand the faculty has,
in just over 25 years, established a very
sound program for training doctors
and rehabilitation therapists, we have
excellent students, and many members
of our teaching staff have international
reputations for their research.
"But I would be flying in the face
of the facts if I .didn't admit that we
have areas of deficiency. We have had
and continue to have major problems
in terms of our clinical facilities. This
is the space we require at various
Vancouver hospitals where our senior
8/UBC Reports
undergraduate students get much of
their clinical training and where most
of the specialty training programs, for
which we are responsible, are located.
"Our faculty have been carrying on
these clinical programs in the face of
very great difficulties. One of the real
opportunities I see for improvement is
the upgrading of these facilities in the
hospitals where we operate."
Dean Webber also sees
opportunities for the recruitment of
new teachers and researchers to work
in areas that need further development
as a result of the upgrading of
off-campus clinical facilities and
completion of the new acute-care unit
on the campus.
"Completion of the acute-care unit
will mean that all the major buildings
of the campus Health Sciences Centre
wil! be in place," he said. "Clinical
facilities will include a psychiatric
unit, an extended care unit, and an
acute-care hospital that wil! permit a
broadly based program of training in
the health sciences for students from
many disciplines."
As an example of. a field of
medicine that needs, further
development. Dean Webber cites the
area of immunology, the branch of
medicine that deals with the body's
defences against invading organisms
and foreign substances.
"We have scattered work in this
area going on in a variety of
departments now," Dean Webber said.
"It has become an area of fundamental
importance in medicine and we need
to recruit new faculty who wil! expand
research activity and train specialists."
He also wants to move quickly to
establish a separate Department of
Family Practice, now a division within
another department of the faculty.
"We have all the necessary University
approvals to proceed," he said, "and
the Pacific Command of the Royal
Canadian Legion has recently agreed
to provide an annua! grant of $40,000
to enable us to recruit a head for the
department." (For details, see story on
page 15.)
The opening of the new Harry
Purdy Extended Care Unit will also
result in a new emphasis on studies in
gerontology in the medica! school as
well as the allied health professions.
Dean Webber said. He also sees
developments in this area taking p!ace
in clinical departments, such as
surgery, medicine, ophthalmology and
the new family  practice department.
He  said  the  faculty  also   plans  a
* -   "
UBC's new dean of medicine,*^
William Webber, says Wpor
optimistic about the future of i>c
faculty, which is experiencinj ,;0
period of growth unprecedeir ;h
in its 27-year history. f
■h
of   Rehabilitative   Medicine
the  Department  of  Medicine
to    the    new   emphasis   on
dogy.    The    division    would
primarily    at   Shaughnessy
and would have access to the
and facilities of the adjacent
Strong Rehabilitation Centre.
Webber   also   believes   that
people have a  limited view of
faculty of Medicine, particularly
finances.
faculty is rather like a
stool because it's involved
major areas — teaching,
irch, and patient care as it relates
teaching and research. Because
y areas of teaching and research
t be done without looking after
snts, we're dependent on a high
dard of patient care for many of
academic programs.
Our goal is to seek excellence in
area so that there's balance and
ility to the whole structure," he
aspect of the faculty's
that is not generally
ed, he said, is the amount of
it provides for other faculties,
as the arts faculty teaches
dents from the Faculty of
ication, so the Faculty of Medicine
as a service faculty for students
i other health sciences faculties
fiom the Faculty of Science who,
example, want training in such
>as biochemistry and physiology."
Another complicating factor in the
iical school's operations is the
plex relationships that it
itably has with professional
and health organizations as
as government departments at the
and provincial level,
says it's "not surprising" that
is occasional conflict between
faculty and professional medical
ions because "we are directly
in the provision of medical
facilities that are not under our
jurisdiction, hospitals being only
example.
itably, there will be occasions
the   interests   of   the   medical
won't   run   perfectly   parallel
those of a hospital or when the
pests   of   some   segments   of   the
»  rfession   may   not  conform to the
ponsibilities     of     the    faculty    in
f aiding   educational   programs,"   he
n "Our first task is to recognize that
;h conflicts exist and not ignore
W.   Then   the   faculty   and    the
profession should be able to sit down,
explain to one another what each is
trying to achieve, and arrive at a
compromise.
"No compromise will be perfect,"
the dean adds, "but that doesn't mean
we shouldn't aspire to perfection."
The medica! school's situation is
further complicated by its
relationships with governments.
"Education and health make up a very
substantial part of spending at the
provincial level," Dean Webber said,
"and attempts to restrain expenditures
hit the medical school on two levels —
within the University itself and in the
hospitals where we train our
students."
Dean Webber was no stranger to
these complexities when he succeeded
Dr. David Bates as dean on July 1. (Dr.
Bates wil! remain at UBC as a member
of the medical school's physiology and
medicine departments.)
As a UBC student from 1951 to
1958, Bill Webber was awarded an
even dozen scholarships and prizes,
including the Eric Hamber Gold Medal
and Prize as head of the graduating
class in medicine. After interning' at
the Vancouver General Hospital and
doing postgraduate work at Cornell
University in New York state, he
returned to UBC in 1961 as an
assistant professor in the Department
of Anatomy.
Dean Webber said that "sometime
during high school" he, decided he'd
like to study medicine. He enrolled in
the UBC faculty planning to be a
general practitioner, but the possibility
of a career in academic medicine
opened up to him when he began
summer work on research in the
anatomy department.
"I wouldn't say I moved away from
clinical medicine, which I thoroughly
enjoyed," he said. "I moved into
academic medicine with the idea in
mind that if it proved uninteresting I
could always return to clinical work.
That's an easier transition to make
than going into full-time clinical
medicine and then deciding that what
you really want to do is teaching and
research.
"Basically, I- found interesting
opportunities and I pursued them."
He became associate dean of
medicine in 1971 under Dean Jack
McCreary, handling a number of
administrative chores, including
budget, appointments, research grants
"and other odd jobs that needed
doing."
He's also been active in University
affairs outside the medical school. He
is a former president of the Faculty
Association and served for many years
on UBC's Senate as a representative of
his own faculty and the Joint
Faculties. In 1974 he was one of two
professors elected by the faculty to
serve a three-year term on UBC's
Board of Governors. He is currently
president of the Vancouver Institute, a
town-gown organisation that sponsors
Saturday-evening lectures on campus
during the Winter Session.
Outside the University he's involved
in various juvenile sports activities
("partly because of the ages of my
children"), he reads widely ("I'm
particularly interested in books on
Canada"), he likes to putter around his
Point Grey house fixing and tinkering
with household appliances, and on
Sunday mornings he plays.an informal
soccer game with a pickup side from
his neighborhood.
Dean Webber is married to the
former Marilyn Robson, whom he's
known since they were grade 4
students together at Queen Mary
elementary school in West Point Grey.
Mrs. Webber is a former school teacher
who got her teaching certificate after
graduating in arts from UBC in 1956.
They have three children: Susan, 17;
Eric, 15; and Geordie, 13; all students
this year at Lord Byng secondary
school where both their parents were
also students.
"One of the fascinations of working
at UBC," said Dean Webber, "is the
opportunity to meet people from a
wide range of disciplines who have
different perspectives and views. One
of the ways of meeting people is
through participation in University
affairs and I encourage young people
coming into our faculty to do that.
"I also have a strong emotional tie
to this institution, where I've been a
student and faculty member for 26
years. It's given me a tremendous
amount and I feel ! owe it something
in return."
One of the most heartening things
that's happened since his appointment,
Dean Webber said, is the innumerable
calls and letters from people inside and
outside the University offering help
and assistance in achieving the
faculty's goals.
"There's certainly no lack of good
will for what we're trying to achieve,"
he said. "I have every reason to fee!
optimistic about the future."
UBC Reports/9 Members of research team carrying out relocation-stress studies and a project on
pharmaceutical drugs and the elderly in UBC's new extended care unit are, left to
right: Dr. Jerry Willis, assistant professor of psychology; Jane Buchan, a master's
student in nursing; John Campbell, a psychology Ph.D. candidate; Sandra Mills, a
master's student in psychology; and Elaine Senkprel, a recent B.A. graduate in
psychology. Picture by Jim Banham.
some ways to handle stress and how to
cope with nervousness and other
worries before they reach the unit and
while they're living here. We pose
some possible problems and suggest
ways of coping with them.
JANE BUCHAN: The slide-tape
programs are shown to the patients
and their families in their homes and
then we answer questions. Some of the
concerns are of the smallest kind. One
lady I visited recently wanted to know
if she^ could take a dimmer switch for
her bedside lamp with her. She was
terribly relieved when 1 assured her
that she could. We also make sure they
know that family visits are possible
almost any time.
In many cases, apprehension about
the move turns into anticipation.
JOHN CAMPBELL: We also involve
the families of patients as much as we
can because many feel guilty about
moving their parents or close relations
intovan institution. Relatives can also
help to make the transition to the unit
easier for the patient.
Relatives attend group meetings
where we discuss their concerns. They
also get a manual to take away that
suggests ways in which they can help
patients cope with the move and
adjust to life in the unit. We deal with
relatives on a group basis, but the
patients themselves get individual
attention.
John Campbell, Dr. Willis and
Sandra Mills are also involved in a
research project on pharmaceutical
drugs and the elderly, funded by the
Department of National Health and
Welfare.
JOHN CAMPBELL: Pharmaceutical
drugs^are a major problem for the
elderly. Many of them are taking more
than they should and experience many
undesirable effects as the result of the
interaction of several drugs.
The dosage levels prescribed for
drugs are normally based on the needs
of people in the 20 to 40 age range.
Elderly people have different
10/UBC Reports
metabolism rates and you get a
buildup of drug toxicity in the body.
SANDRA MILLS: Some of the
major problems that arise include
confusion, which is a direct result of
overdosage and interactions between
drugs, and hypotension, or dizziness,
which is a major factor in falls and
injury. The same drug taken by a
much younger person wouldn't have
these effects at al!.
A lot of elderly people are on
psychotropic, or mood-changing drugs
for depression or agitation. These
drugs have a lot of side effects that are
often dealt with by administering
other drugs. The second drug can
often have exactly the opposite effect
to what's intended, it reinforces the
very effect you're trying to correct.
JOHN CAMPBELL: We're not
doing this withoift expert assistance.
We're co-operating with Neil Massoud,
clinical co-ordinator for pharmacy at
the Vancouver General, and Doug
Danforth, a UBC grad who's a
specialist  in gerontological pharmacy.
JERRY WILLIS: We're looking at
the drug profiles of patients in. a
number of institutions in terms of
dosage levels, possible interactions, the
relationship between psychotropic
drugs and other kinds of medication,
and identifying drugs that shouldn't be
taken by the elderly.
The information we gather will be
compared with some fairly we
established standards so that we can
come up with a clear idea of what
percentage are on inappropriate
medication regimes. From there we'll
probably try to prepare a manual for
institutions that would provide
background information on drugs for
those administering them. The doctors
and other health professions in the
extended care unit are very much
aware of this problem. Like our
collaborator, Doug Danforth, many
believe that part of the art of geriatrics
is taking people off drugs.
Prof. Roy Rodgers, head of UBAm a
School of Home Economics, is chaime to
man of an ad hoc committee olcility
research in gerontology,. recentmerot
reconstituted and expanded by Preme a«
dent Douglas Kenny. Prof. RodgeMsman
talks about the function of Ae sp
committee. Lelof
The committee I'm chairing isn't Iman
new one. It was established a numbefr dec
of years ago by former Presideif|w pi
Walter Gage and was chaired initialllorkec
by Marjorie Smith, of the Centre foficle s
Continuing Education, who's fosterling \
many programs concerned with aginfco rr
and the elderly over the years. Ibei
Recently, President Kenny asked ml nL
to chair a reconstituted and expandelLres
committee that will advise him'oiljor
avenues the University might take tlLer
participate in the field of gerontologypppe'
primarily, in terms of teaching anlL
research. |eve|c
Recently,   through   the   Faculty opch
Graduate Studies, we received a granply :
of $12,500 from Mr. and Mrs. P. aI th
Woodward's Foundation to enable ujL 2
to appoint Dr. Gloria Gutman, of thlgo
psychology department, as a part-timlon
research   associate   attached   to   th&ma
committee.' She'll   be   undertaking tch
survey of gerontological studies goinfrprc
on   at   UBC   and   looking  at varioufcch
models followed at other universitieJiriet
that might be used here for furthering) e*
studies in this area. Ihce.
Certainly, one of the important funcllt's
tions of the committee wil! be tojjade
identify sources of funds for work ingle h
this area. Often there are agencies outlhe c
there which would like to fundias e
research and teaching projects, butpat
don't know who to give the money to.|erm.
The question of which directionlrogi
UBC should go is obviously a majorl
issue for the committee and Gloria'sl j
study should help us in making mbou
recommendation to the president. OurKco
initial thrust is to be very open to anyproi
and all possibilities.
It seems to me the University has aj
very specia! mission in the whole area
of gerontology.  Personally, I tend to
I!        emphasize  the teaching and research
Tn
jiew
|q b
per
function coupled with close liaison|ettl
with service organizations working in|n\e-
the community. I  *l
I don't feel it's vital, except as it'$|s d
■necessary for the training of stu dents,|ewi
for us to be involved extensively inJ?,tu
providing service. We need to work|Fe
with people in service agencies to|ln9
discover what their problems are andf0ci
foster research that helps them to do a| v»(
better job. The new Extended CarejF^
Unit on campus is, of course, a servicelpn
unit, but it also provides a forum for|r8^
teaching —  a forum  where studentsfpw T
A
I'.iiii .i  \\/:&'  't.i-'jc-  o.   c'isi'jiiivs Li.
afile to see what goes on in this kind of
cility-
Gerontology, you know, is simply
es ie aspect of the whole field of
■& iman development, which is the area
th re specialized in. The field of child
iveiopment, at the beginning of the
t iman journey, has been in existence
ir decades. But it's interesting to see
>w pioneers in that area have literally
orked their way through the life
de so that today many of them are
ling work in the field of gerontology.
So my point of view is that we need
i be concerned with the whole range
f human development. My own
iterest is to focus on the middle years
rior to old age, a period when it's
nerally assumed that nothing
sppens until you start getting old.
Ot humans don't stop growing,
eveloping and changing when they
iach maturity in their late teens or
iriy 20s. And we have very little data
this period between the ages of,
iy, 25 and 65.
So the research and teaching func-
if ton in a fully developed program of
liman development would deal with
iuch more than the aged alone. Such
^program would have developed a
u iechanism  to enable people from a
es ariety of disciplines to come together
) exchange information and experi-
nce.
It's very important that UBC provide
to adership in this area in the province.
in ie have a responsibility to do so and
it he of the things that President Kenny
'd Is emphasized since he took office is
J* fiat we recognize that responsibility in
°- erms of our teaching and research
m rogram.
Prof. Rodgers then went on to talk
Mout   how   the   School   of Home
jr Iconomics    would   contribute    to
iy wontotogical studies.
.-.-.■v..--
Training in home economics, in my
iew, is rediscovering its roots, which
0 IP back to the eariy 1900s, when the
Mentation was toward the whole
etting of life — seeing everything
ntegrated with everything else. From
diversion into what is best described
i domestic science — the cooking -
S( ewing - baking kind of image — it's
fiturning to that view of the quality of
k ife that's best understood by integra-
:o lr|g the physiological, psychological,
iQcial parts of life into one thing.
We at UBC can't do everything, so
've been emphasizing human nutri-
;ejPon in both research and teaching and
)r ^e've made an explicit commitment to
tsfPeveloping    studies    in   human   and
'-■-■' v    -
y^y
f'
■'?-■":'"'
iy:
f
I 4 ■'
Prof. Roy Rodgers
family development. We're interested
in the whole range of human development from childhood to old age and
are gradually strengthening our
teaching and research staff to cover
that spectrum.
We believe our students should get a
disciplinary approach by taking relevant courses outside the school in
departments such as psychology and
anthropology and sociology. Within
the school we try for a multi-
disciplinary approach that integrates
the knowledge in those disciplines.
One of the causes of concern with
older people is that many of them are
frequently malnourished, a fact that's
related more often than we want to
admit to psychological and social
factors rather than lack of money or
knowledge and access. The fact is that
many older people, who have spent a
lifetime preparing nutritious, balanced
meals for children who leave home for
jobs elsewhere, suddenly start eating
badly. "Well, it's just not the same
without the children," they say.
So the issues for home economics are
more than nutritional, they're social
and psychological as well. Another
thing about home ec studies — the
researcher is equally a basic scientist
and an applied scientist. He or she —
and an increasing number of males are
entering the field — will study nutritional needs and the ability of the
body to make use of nutrients as well
as the social and psychological
characteristics of food and food
consumption.
Canada offers some unique opportunities for research because it's so very
different culturally from the United
States, say. There are extended family
units here, for instance, because
certain cultures within Canada
emphasize that lifestyle. So the'
services for aging people in that kind
of setting are quite different from
those for the elderly who are living in
isolation in a province like B.C. or
alone in an urban setting.
But first we need to find out through
census data and other research who's
doing what and where they're doing it.
Which brings me back to the special
mission of the universities. The
expertise of the faculty can unlock
that knowledge, pass it on to students,
who in turn will be working in
community agencies. That's where our
primary responsibility has to lie — in
providing leadership so that Canada
can address itself to making decisions
about an issue that looms on the
horizon.
Interest results
from housing study
UBC psychologist Dr. Gloria Gutman
has been working in the field of
gerontology for many years. She's
done studies on relocation stress and
on exercise programs for senior
citizens, either individually or with
UBC colleagues. She talked to UBC
Reports about a study of housing for
the elderly financed by Central
Mortgage and Housing Corporation
and carried out through UBC's Centre
for Continuing Education,
I get calls for information from all
over the province, mainly as a result of
publicity about the study on housing
for the elderly that was done through
the Centre for Continuing Education
for Central Mortgage and Housing.
In 1973 we were approached by the
management of Seton Villa in Burnaby
to evaluate its impact and design. We
accepted for a number of reasons but
chiefly because it was the first retirement facility in B.C. to offer accommodation on a "multi-level" basis.
This means that within the same complex residents can live in self-contained
suites or they can opt for board-residence. Personal and intermediate care
is also available, ail under one roof.
We interviewed people before they
moved  in  and  again 18 months later
Continued on page 12
'   UBC Reports/11 when they were settled. We also decided to find out if those who apply
for multi-level housing differ from
those applying for more traditional
retirement housing — that is, buildings
offering only self-contained suites. We
therefore interviewed applicants to
New Vista, another home for seniors
in Burnaby. A third group interviewed
were elderly non-applicants in order to
see how they differed from applicants.
From our study we concluded that
there should be no hesitancy in building multi-level facilities such as Seton
Villa. The seniors there showed no
evidence of relocation stress. They
maintained their pre-move level of
interaction with family and friends
and their leisure-time activity patterns.
Morale was high and there was a
marked increase in contact with neighbors.
We also found out some interesting
things about why people move into
retirement housing. The primary motivation for those moving to New Vista
was financial — the rents there are low:
At Seton Villa, however, the primary
motivation was related to security —
the idea that someone would be there
to meet a present or possible future
need for medica! help.
This tells us that not everyone who
moves into retirement housing does so
because he can't afford to live independently in the community. A common assumption is that most people
are attracted to retirement housing
because market conditions make independent living too costly. That's not
true for everyone; there are many
other things that draw people into
retirement housing.
We were surprised to find that most
of the tenants at Seton Villa and New
Vista were generally favorable to high-
rise housing. This may be because
most had been apartment dwellers
previously. There seems to be a greater
tendency for apartment dwellers to
seek retirement housing, whereas seniors living in their own houses tend to
stay there. It seems that the transition
from apartment living to a high-rise
retirement facility isn't nearly as difficult as from a single-family dwelling to
a high-rise.
What kinds of facilities do seniors
want in retirement housing? At the
top of the list is an infirmary, which is
available to them if they become ill.
Many also want a library, a beauty
parlor-barber shop and an auditorium
where movies can be shown, dances
held, etc. Right at the bottom of their
preference list is a cocktail lounge or
pub. This is useful information for
designers, many of whom are unfamiliar with the needs and preferences of
seniors.
The research study was only one
12/UBC Reports
facet of the work done under the
CMHC grant. The funds were also used
to establish a committee on educational gerontology that brings together
representatives of universities and
colleges and professional and voluntary organizations involved in educational programming.
A senior citizens' housing liaison
committee was formed to bring together representatives from various levels of government, academics, those
who are directly involved in providing
housing, and seniors themselves. We
also met with small groups of architects to describe some of our findings
and to find out what their problems
were in terms of design.
Since completing the CMHC project
we've become resource persons for
architects and groups involved in planning retirement housing.
Needs of elderly
many and woried
Dr. Brock Fahrni is head of UBC's
School of Rehabilitation Medicine,
chief of geriatric services at Shaughnessy Hospital and a member of the
executive of the Canadian Association
of Gerontology. In the 1950s he was a
member of a medical team that set up
the first assessment and. rehabilitation
units in veterans' hospitals across
Canada. He talked to UBC Reports
about the role of UBC's Health Sciences Centre in the training of students who will be involved in geriatric
care and services.
We know that the needs of the
elderly are many and varied. If you're
going to make a serious attempt to
meet those needs you're talking about
far more than the expertise of any one
discipline.
Health care for the elderly will
involve the doctor, the nurse, the
dentist, the pharmacist, the rehabilita
tion therapist (both the occupation ne
therapist and the physiotherapist), ar ^
the   social   worker.   Each   has  to I ;v>v
aware of the strengths and limitatioi in|j
of the others  in  providing care. Tt ^
work of these professionals has tod .:_
integrated with that of psychologist Mn
biomedical engineers, nutritionists an
continuing, education experts if we pi
to build a program to meet the ne'er.
of the elderly.
This concept fits in precisely wit ■...
the philosophy of interprofessioni ,
training that lies at the heart of tti ' ,f
UBC Health Sciences Centre. Our foi J-l.
mer dean, Jack McCreary, and th jecj
others who have fostered the develoi Lj
ment of the centre and the interdiscij |nj1
linary program of the Woodward It |er|
structionai Resources Centre, saw geri „
atrics as just one area of health car
that would benefit from this approach   , ,
So UBC is in a very fortunat ost
position. The opening of the extendei ^j,
care unit adds another dimension t< ev
the interprofessional training prograo ^
of the Health Sciences Centre. It'si jer
two-way street — the elderly in thi hei
unit will benefit through a high stand g<
ard of care that will be innovative am em
forward-looking, and the unit will bei )nS
major training centre for the increasini $(
number of students who are interestei h0
in gerontology. rvi<
One of the things that will happei j0'
as a result of this training program wil ssk
be the destruction of a lot of myth evf
about the elderly that the young earn og|
around with them. a|<(
For instance, it's totally wrong t( var
think that most elderly require ex- ms
tended care. Today, only 2 per centol yy
those over 65 are in long-term nursini ^
institutions and 4 to 5 per cent are ii ir
ambulatory-care facilities. The vas] Jts
majority of the elderly do very well on ajn
their own and live out their lives ii int
their own homes until a final illness Qn
takes them to an acute-care hospital ^
for a few days or weeks. |t
I   once   did   an   unofficial .survey ls$j( •,'ong students at UBC which revealed
they  gave very little thought to
people.  Many thought the eld-
spent up to three or four years in
irsing home at the end of their lives
that they were senile.
untrue. It's the presence of the
ended care unit on campus and the
^disciplinary program in the Health
ences Centre that will correct a lot
these unrealistic attitudes on the
tof students.
You know, if you're going to com-
nicate well with the elderly, you
ie to be aware of where you sit on
longitudinal   age   scale.   I   don't
nl< a person is fully educated until
Y're able to recognize where they
in life. Everyone has to face up to
fact that life is finite and they're
ng to have to get off the train at
0,1 ne point. I don't think anyone can
a|! rk effectively with the elderly until
', ' iy've got over that hurdle in their
01 n lives. And that will be a small part
" the education process that will go
in the  unit, the Health Sciences
lst litre, and the University generally.
Physicians, you know, still have a
9    y superficial understanding of the
lities of other health professionals.
.  ey don't know what the home-visit-
1/11 (nurse, the rehabilitation expert or
,n' i social worker are capable of. The
iult is that doctors don't know how
' ich   authority  can  be  safely  dele-
:ed. Similarly, many health profes-
°' hals are unaware of available com-
",'' inity  support  services to help the
lerly lead independent lives.
One of the reasons for the escalat-
„ 3 cost of health care is that many
althy  elderly people are using the
'■ ost expensive part of the system —
■*' edical   treatment   services   —   when
ey should   be  using  less expensive
an mmunity support services. A lot of
lerly visit doctors because there's no
tnl her way  open  or known to them
nd   get help. A significant number of
em are not ill, but they have ques-
'?■' >ns about their health.
In! So we need a generation of doctors
te( ho   are   aware   of   the   community
rvices available for the elderly. We
)ej to need a generation of health pro-
v'' ssionals who will be able to mount
tfl eventive   and    maintenance   health
ograms in the community that will ,-
ake young and middle-aged people
rare of ways they can prevent prob-
ms arising later in life.
We desperately need an  improved
'.• lalth training program in the schools,
; ,r instance.  The   school   curriculum
' Jts  a   great   deal   of  stress  on  job
■   aining,   but  it's not thought impor-
. mt to teach people about the circula-
I °n of  blood  in the  body they live
ith 24 hours a day.
It's these generations of health professionals who will  be trained in the
Health Sciences Centre. While it has a
responsibility to provide disciplinary
training, its larger mission is to create
among all students an awareness of the
strengths of each discipline for the
provision of preventive programs, community services and health care. And
geriatrics is only one area that is going
to prove the wisdom of the Health
Sciences Centre concept in the future.
How file elderly
see tiheinseiwes
In 1968, Prof. Edro Signori, of
UBC's psychology department, began
a long-range study to identify disadvantaged groups in society. The elderly
were- identified as one such group and
in recent years he has been studying
them more intensely. He describes the
results of a recent study ofthe elderly
themselves toward aging and the aged.
The central problem for the elderly
centres on social attitudes. Whether
they get assistance to make their lives
more comfortable will ultimately depend on the attitudes of society as
expressed through governments.
And something can be done about
negative social attitudes; we can reeducate people to show them how
wrong they are to hold attitudes that
they themselves will be the victims of
some day.
And, in general, I'm optimistic.
There are signs that society is accepting the idea that efforts have to be
made to provide adequate financial
assistance and other services for the
elderly through government and community agencies.
The main thrust of our research has
been to study attitudes toward aging
and the aged. We had a lot of material
on the ways in which the young
viewed the elderly, but virtually nothing on how the aged themselves saw
their problems in terms of the process
of aging and how they think society
views them.
We distributed a very simple questionnaire — there were only four questions on it — to a random group of
200 to 300 elderly people to get the
data for this study. It was returned by
mail because we wanted to give them
enough time to think about the questions and elaborate on them. We found
this provided more and better information than a personal interview.
Significantly, we found that the
elderly believe society views them in a
more negative than positive fashion. In
answering the question, "How do you
think the elderly are viewed in our
society?", the number of respondents
who replied in negative terms was
greater than those who responded positively. There was some overlap, of
course, but the number that responded
only in negative terms exceeded those
who responded in positive terms.
In negative terms, the elderly believe society sees them as "expendable supercargo" — that's the way one
of them put it — as a burden and a
nuisance, as an obstacle to the ambitions of the young, and as being
non-productive and a liability.
The elderly also feel they are not
normally respected or that the young
don't respect them. They feel they're
not truly accepted or honored or
tolerated (or merely tolerated). They
felt they,were seen as unappreciative,
unsociable, disliked, or as being unworthy of praise, taken for granted or
ignored, and considered stingy.
They also see themselves as presenting the problems of dying to society
and perhaps are missed only after
death.
There were some positive or favorable evaluations made as well, but not
nearly as many as there were negative
attitudes expressed.
On the positive side, the elderly felt
they were respected by all if they
earned respect, or if they respect
others, especially in Jewish or Oriental
cultures. They felt they were venerated, honored, appreciated, loved and
admired.
They are shown kindness and seen
in a good light by the family, most
people are kind and grandchildren are
kinder. Moreover, society is seen as
being fond of them, giving them concessions and, generally, liking to help
them.
The answers to the questions have
allowed us to focus on the needs of
the elderly as they see them. We've
been able to prepare quite a detailed
Continued on page 14
UBC Reports/13 statement from their responses.
The major theme that emerges in
terms of need is for adequate finances.
And one of their pet peeves is taxation. Many would like the pressure of
taxation removed in all its forms,
especially in view of inflation, which is
steadily eroding the value of their
reduced dollars.
Many express an interest in subsidies so they can phone their families
at reduced rates. And many want
transportation subsidies to enable
them to visit friends or recreational
facilities or travel to see their children
at reduced cost.
On the question of accommodation, what comes through is the feeling
that they shouldn't be packed off to
an institution or live in aggregates of
senior citizens in their own ghettos.
Rather, our respondents want to
continue to live in an appropriate
small dwelling as long as they can with
the kinds of facilities that will enable
them to live independent lives.
They want to live near shopping
centres and health services that are
easily accessible on foot or by public
transportation. Many would like certain services brought to them; such
things as home care services for cutting
grass and doing minor repairs.
This implies that the community
has to be organized in such a way that
it. provides for the elderly the services
they can't manage to provide for
themselves, in order to maintain their
independence. If those services aren't
there, the elderly are a defeated group.
The elderly also place a lot of
emphasis on their feelings of loneliness. They want facilities that provide
contact with people, although they
admit that they often aggravate this
problem by making no effort to get
out and meet people. They need situations that make contact unavoidable,
like a regular visiting service or a
public health nurse who would drop
by to see how they were getting on.
There are many other topics mentioned by the elderly in the survey:
recreational and educational needs; social services; attitude changes; even a
growing awareness that they need
some political clout through their own
organizations. Our data turned up very
few references to sexual needs, which
. is at, variance with other reports.
Now I have to'putln a couple of
cautionary notes here. These data are
based on responses from the first 200
respondents, and we can't claim to
generalize for the whole population of
B.C. We're currently analysing the
data from 300 to 400 additional responses   to  improve  on  these  trends.
One other point: we have no baseline to tell us whether the attitudes we
see in the elderly — the negative ones
— are any more prevalent in that age
14/UBC Reports
Prof. Edro Signora
group than they are in the middle-aged
or the young when they observe themselves. We can't assume that what the
elderly are saying is really all that
different from the experiences of the
younger groups. Eventually, we'd like
to get some data on that.
Elderly face
pension dilemma
Dr. Phelim Boyle, associate professor in the Faculty of Commerce and
Business Administration, is an actuary,
a person who uses mathematical skills
to determine premiums for insurance
purposes and pension plans. He describes the dilemma that faces pensioners now and in the future.
For those reaching retirement age,
financial problems don't lie in the
future, they're here now. Many who
retire 'today on private pension plans
find that their income from these
plans is inadequate because of inflation, which is likely to continue. Future pensioners are likely to. find that
their income will be even more inadequate.
Currently, in Canada, there are
about six active people contributing to
pension plans for each individual drawing a pension. Down the road about 35
years that ratio wil! be reduced to four
active persons contributing for every
individual drawing a pension. This is
the inevitable result of a declining
biirth rate and the fact that the postwar baby boom will have moved
through the age structure and reached
retirement age. As a consequence, the
contribution rate for government pension plans will have to increase even if
current benefit levels are held constif it
and inflation goes away. si
Some civil service retirement p|j it
as well as the old age pension a of
Canada Pension Plan are indexed su
the cost of living because they us
financed by taxation. Private plans, h
the other hand, are financed by q oi
tributions from employee and e ce
ployer. These funds are invested, jf
course, but no one has yet found Ivi
asset that will give consistent retui r
in excess of the rate of inflation. Sot re
capital-intensive companies might fi ioi
it possible to finance a plan indexed id
the cost of living, but for most lai er
companies it would be virtually i g
possible. jse
In the future, ! would expect t os
welfare state to become even more iei
a reality because there will  be mo
and more pressure on governments
provide higher benefits. This is becau U
the     state     can ■ provide     un ivers
coverage      and      portability. «
! tell my students that if they' C
going to change jobs, to do it befo
they're 35. The employee who chang ~
jobs frequently after this age does ve .
badly in terms of his pension becau w
very few plans provide true present ^
tion of benefits. P!
I  wouldn't advocate wholesale i '"(
come-tax relief for those 65 and ov 'a
because  it would have some negatn '
features.   Only   one   in  three persoi ISI
over 65 currently files a tax return  ot
any case, and abolition of income ti e<8
for the elderly would simply elimina n
the affluent from the tax rolls. Elimi nl
ation   of  school   and   property  taxi lt
might help, but that only means yo   .
are   shifting  an   increased   burden t
those who are working. So tax devici ,
may not be helpful to those who nee "
it most — the low-income pensioner t
For this group, it seems inevitabl .Q
that governments will have to increai ar
benefits. Society has already accepte |
the idea that tax money should b Jt
used to provide a minimum incomef( nc
the elderly — Mincome in B.C. is u{
good example — but it will be increa ^
ingly expensive to do this if inflatio ga
isn't brought under control. ;(a
I've done some research on a plan lcj
think is feasible for pensioners wh y
own their own homes. It's a plan tha )u
doesn't involve a subsidy from an ■-
other source. On retirement, th ra,
homeowner would sell his house to atj
financial institution — say an insuranc ^
company — which would take posse! 1e
sion only on the death of the owner o j;n
the last survivor, in the case of e,
married couple. 3U
Pensioners would get a lump sun rte
payment immediately and would con ,a(
tinue to live in their homes free of th js
rent increases they would face if thel jjj,
sold outright and moved to an apart Ve
ment. It's a way of unlocking capita. -j ist'i'il «^an be used during the pension's iifeume.
plait's   almost    impossible   to   advise
t j*'opie on what steps to take now to
3d'isure an adequate future income be-
ey yse oi ihe many variables.
is,   Most people are woefully ignorant
out the pension plan they belong to
cause pensions are considered dull
d,   iff. But they should educate them-
id  Ives about their own plan and know
much as they can about it. Regis-
>0[ red Retirement Savings Plans are a
fi iod way to supplement private plans,
3d id real estate  is also a good invest-
ent if you have spare cash. Improv-
g your existing residence  is a very
ise move.  For most  people it's the
ost   valuable   and    important   asset
ey have.
J !ttmiiy physicians
y o play big role.
fo
Dr. Clyde Slade is director of the
ivision of Family Practice in the
\partment of Health Care and
pidemiology in UBC's medical
jiool The division is about to be
instituted as a separate department
the Faculty of Medicine as the
pit of a grant from the Pacific
ommand of the Royal Canadian
egion (see box). Dr. Slade comments
if this development and describes the
importance of the family practitioner
i the health care ofthe elderly.
In teaching medical students I
nphasize that within a decade they'll
s seeing more elderly people than
iey will young people. I urge them to
it all the experience they can in
Oblems related to geriatrics if they
ant to be prepared for the future.
In training medica! students we still
Jt too much stress on treating a
ngle disease condition. We assign
udents to patients with particular
leases, for example, one who's had a
Jart attack or rheumatoid arthritis or
:iatica. They do a full examination
id propose a treatment procedure,
y and large, their examinations are
>uched in the same terms.
Then, all of a sudden, they're out in
ractice and they've got an elderly
atient in their office. He's got
"thritic knees, an enlarged prostate,
"lest pains from a lifetime of smoking,
"ling eyesight, and he wonders why
e can't remember things the way he
ould in the past. But he may be mqre
rterested in talking about his
'adequate pension and the fact that
is grandchildren are making life
•iserable for him because he has to
'is with his daughter.
That's  mind-boggling for a lot of
young doctors who've been
accustomed to thinking in terms of a
single disease condition. They've got
to shift their thinking to a new level to
take in family and social problems as
well as medical ones.
We've been moving in the direction
of giving medical students more
opportunities to encounter multiple
problems of this sort. In the first year
of the medical program, students
encounter patients, many of them
elderly, in community agencies — the
Canadian Arthritis and Rheumatism
Society, the Children's Aid Society
and the Alcohol Foundation are
examples. We have arrangements with
some 25 community organizations. In
the summer before their second year,
medical students are assigned to family
doctors around the province and have
a chance to see the variety of problems
that come through the door.
Family physicians, then, are going
to have an increasingly important role
in the care of the elderly. They'll be
the initial point of contact for the
delivery of health care for this group,
which is increasing rapidly in
numbers. And physicians who
encounter a range of problems such as
I've outlined above shouldn't be
pessimistic or discouraged by a
situation like that. They ought to see
that as an opportunity to help an
elderly person lead a richer life.
It's the Department of Family
Practice that will expand the
opportunities for students to
encounter those problems. The new
department will also put increased
emphasis on training medical students
to think in terms of community
resources that are available to elderly
patients to enable them - to lead
independent lives. The family
physician of the future will have to
think clearly about what the issues are
for   the   patient   and  how  his  or  her
needs can be met.
The new chair in family practice,
funded by the Legion, and the
creation of a separate Department of
Family Practice within the medical
school will give a tremendous lift in
this area.
UBC centre plans
fall programs
Marjorie Smith, of the Centre for
Continuing Education, participated in
the first conference on aging staged by
the University in the 1950s and
continues to arrange continuing
education programs for professionals
working with the elderly. She talked
to UBC Reports about the
development of interest in gerontology
at UBC and future directions for
continuing education programs in this
area.
UBC staged its first conference on
the needs and problems of the aging in
1957. It was the first such conference
on the subject ever staged in B.C. It
was followed by a second conference
in 1960 and a seminar on research on
the aging in 1964.
What became more and more
apparent as we developed
programming in this area was that our
clientele was made up mainly of
professionals, people who were trying
to cope with the day-to-day problems
of the elderly in the community and
who were desperately looking for
knowledge and guidance.
Since the early 1970s, when I took
over development of programming in
aging, we've concentrated on staging
conferences, seminars and workshops
for professionals and others who work
with seniors. Our early programming
Continued on page 16
Legion grant aids new department
The Royal Canadian Legion is
helping to improve the training and
increase the number of family
doctors in smaller cities and towns
in B.C.
An annual $40,000 donation
from the Legion's Pacific Command
to the UBC Faculty of Medicine
wil! be used to hire a head for the
new Department of Family
Practice, which will place greater
emphasis on training doctors for
family practice, especially in rural
areas.
The Legion suggests the new
position be called the Royal
Canadian Legion Chair in Family
Practice.
UBC approved formation of a
new Department.of Family Practice
nearly two years ago, but didn't
have the money to set it up. Family
practice has been a sub-division of
another department in UBC's
Faculty of Medicine since 1969.
The Legion's financial support will
help UBC upgrade this division to a
fully-fledged department.
The Division of Family Practice
was formed to provide better
training in family practice for
medical students. The division has
opened two family practice
teaching units where students are
taught under supervision how to
deal with the medical problems of
4,500 Vancouver families. A third
clinic is planned at the Shaughnessy
Hospital in Vancouver.
UBC Reports/15 depended mainly on importing experts
from elsewhere, but in recent years
we've been able to use more of our
own faculty members who have
expertise in gerontology.
I've just returned from Los Angeles
where I attended a training course in
curriculum development in
gerontology at the Ethel Percy Andrus
Gerontology Centre, one of the
world's leading research and training
centres in this field.
The people attending were made up
mainly of two groups — professionals
who will pass on their knowledge
through in-service training programs,
and people from universities who are
looking for models to help them
decide in which direction to go in
developing geriatric studies.
One possible role for UBC through
the Centre for Continuing Education is
to concentrate on programs for top
administrative and supervisory
personnel who would pass on their
knowledge through their own training
programs. And it will be crucial for the
University to maintain and expand its
contacts with government, community
and volunteer agencies so we're aware
of their activities, needs and problems.
This fall, in conjunction with the
Vancouver Park Board, the centre has
organized courses on recreation, and
movement and exercise for the elderly
for those working with them, and a
second program on fitness, safety and
the older adult, which will be staged in
New Westmiinster. We're also looking
forward to a three-day visit by Michel
Philibert, one of the world's top
gerontologists, from Grenoble, France.
He'll give a series of workshops and
lectures for professionals while he's
here.
The University also has an
obligation tp develop public education
programs of a broader nature designed
to break down the stereotypes about
aging and the aged. Our contribution
to this area in the past has been
workshops for the families of elderly
people to help them cope with the
crises that often arise with parents and
other relatives.
And finally, there's the whole area
of programming for the elderly
themselves.
Coming generations of the elderly
are,likely to be better educated and
there's likely to be a greater demand
from them for both academic and
non-academic programs. Many will
want to take courses that fill in a gap
in their education, using education in
the broadest sense of the word.
This may involve them in teaching
and research as well as with the usual
educational activities. After all, many
have specialized knowledge and skills,
and al! have a lifetime of experience
that young people can profit from.
16/UBC Reports
rami f©r Eretor©!
Retirement. The act of
withdrawing, according to the
dictionary.
But according to the 2,300 retired
people who have taken part in UBC's
special summer programs over the last
four years, retirement is getting
involved, developing new interests,
having the time to meet new people.
The enthusiasm, interest and
appreciation which senior citizens on
campus have displayed toward the
four years of summer programs has
been really rewarding, says Norm
Watt, who originated the idea of
special courses for seniors in 1974. It
was the first time such a program had
been offered in North America. After
that first summer he reported, "I can
honestly say it was the most satisfying
and energizing educational experience
I' have ever had, which was due solely
to the marvellous attitude and
enthusiasm of the senior citizens."
This past summer 31 special courses
were offered to people over the age of
59. And they were indeed special. For
one thing, all courses for seniors are
free of charge. Free parking, free
library cards and, in some cases, free
room and board accompany
registration. The courses themselves
were designed with the older person in
mind. Recognizing that regular credit
courses are more than the average
senior is interested in, the University
made the courses a week or two weeks
long and running only half the day.
"For some people, that's enough.
They don't want to spend all day
here," explains Gail Riddell, who
co-ordinates programs for seniors
through the Centre for Continuing
Education. And for those who do
want to spend more time, informal
afternoon sessions were held where
people could talk about consumer
problems, or volunteer opportunities,
or creative writing, or anything else
that was of interest.
. The courses themselves are geared
more toward academic areas than to
health and gardening. The retired
people taking part in the program
preferred it that way, Ms. Riddell says.
"Gardening and health they can get
from a community centre, they told
us." !n the first years, the interest was
more in gardening-type courses. "But
they would sit beside someone who
was taking genetics, or world religi
And they'd get to talking."
The program was originally fund
by    a    grant    from    the    provinc
government, but interest in it was
high that the summer senior courl
are   now   built  into the regular u|
budget.
Ms. Riddell is now working
developing some courses for retirl
people for the winter months whij
would likely be held in
community. Like all Continul
Education programs, the courl
would.have to be self-supporting.
"With the extended life spa!
education has to be part of t|
picture," says Dr. Watt, director
Extra-Sessional Studies. "But I
education at any level, it's not f|
everybody."
Another   area   toward   which
University   is   heading   is   retirerr
planning   education.    "Many    peop|
have the attitude — 'I'm really look
forward  to  retirement.  I'm going
work in the garden and go to Europ|
But they don't realize that there's a
of   time   in   between,"   Gail   Ridd|
explains. So the Centre for Continu
Education     is     offering     to     tra
personnel officers and others so th
they   can   give   retirement   educatnj
programs to their staff.
For small firms, the University wj
give the courses to employees direct!
There are many areas to be consideiel
Ms. Riddell says. The myths -aboil
aging need to be corrected
Relationships within the family
change when someone retires. There!
a lot more leisure time and that takjf
an adjustment. Housing options
different; family budgets will changf
"Retirement planning is now a loi
priority for many companies. Tht|
feel there is no profit in it. But there
a growing feeling that if you catfljj
people at the age of 55 and give thei|
pre-retirement programs, then the?'
enjoy their-last 10 years of work. \j
the end the company actual!?
benefits." \
Although these aren't traditionally
areas  in which universities have beef
,4
involved, the people behind w
programs at UBC are convinced the^
are directions in which we shouid H
moving. "!t simply boils down U
improving the quality of life," says Dm
Watt. || fes>*
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iur
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Music to L
... And enjoy
Ii48/
Murray McMillan
"We had between 4,000 and 5,000
worn-out 78s when I took over in 1958,
and about 300 very beat-up LPs, and I
don't think 10 of those were worth playing. So we had to start from scratch."
Doug Kaye's voice suddenly pauses
and a grimace flashes over his face.
Then he chuckles: "Scratch: that's a
terrible word to use when you're talking
about records."
In those days his charge was simply
called the "record loan service," a division of what was then the UBC extension department. It was housed in the
south wing of the main library and consisted of a couple of big cupboards' full
of records, which were locked at night
and an old Seabreeze portable record
p'ayer— "it was used to check the qual
ity of the records, but I'm sure it did
them more harm than good," Kaye recalls.
Today he is head of the Wilson Recordings Collection and its fortunes
have improved somewhat: now there
are between 25,000 and 26,000 recordings (a better than 80-fold increase over
1958) comprising what is traditionally
considered "classical" music, jazz, experimental music, poetry readings,
plays, folk music of native peoples from
all comers of the globe, and a host of
other items. It also has a comfortable
home (the Wilson Listening Room) on
the main floor of the underground
Sedgewick Library, and 84 listening
carrels (eight of them equipped with
playback decks for cassette tapes, the
others with sturdy turntables) for the
use and enjoyment of anyone who
wants to stroll through the door.
And in they stroll. The listening room
no longer keeps statistics on use of the
collection, but two years ago when staff
members were still reshelving all records used (the practice was discontinued because of the labor costs involved — users now do it themselves)
there were about 250,000 reshelvings in
a year.
Most ofthe users are students listening to music or recorded literature in
connection with course work (Ah, the
enlightenment of being able to LISTEN
to a fine production of Hamlet while
reading along), or getting the feel of the
music which was contemporary with a
17 certain period of art or literature, or just
expanding their knowledge through private research in a specific area of interest (jazz and experimental music are
two sections which have a tremendous
drawing). But there are faculty and staff
users as well, and many members ofthe
general public (it is one way to hear a
recording before going out and purchasing it).
That open-door policy is not without
its headaches, though. For a modest
fee, both members of the university
community and the general public can
acquire borrowing privileges for the collection. Last year there were 2,036
users from on campus and another 396
non-university borrowers — all of
which means any of the 26,000 recordings in Kaye's charge could be played
on any one of 2,000 or more record
players besides the carefully-
maintained ones in the listening room.
Recordings being delicate, does that
worry the library?
Well there are, apparently, two
philosophies on the management of records libraries. One, which Kaye calls
the "English" system, demands a regimen of inspections on each borrowing,
every scratch and nick being carefully
marked on an appropriate card and
users fined for any damage they are
deemed to have inflicted. The other is
the system which the UBC library espouses: damage is obviously going to
occur, so why not cope with it in a rational manner?
"We're a circulating collection — everything we have is available to our users," says Kaye. "We know that records are going to be damaged and we try
to replace them as soon as the damage is
discovered. Some of the popular records have to be replaced two or three
times a year." He cites as an example
the first recording of Leonard Bernstein's Requiem. When it was issued in
the early 1970s, the collection had three
copies and had to replace each of them
twice a year. Now the library has but
one copy, which Kaye says receives
"normal" use._
When the university's recordings collection was established in the early
1930s by a gift of 1,000 discs from the
Carnegie Collection, its holdings were
used only for classroom instruction,
broadcasts and concerts. It was in 1941
that individuals and music study groups
were granted borrowing privileges —
one dollar per year registration, three-
day loan period — and in that year 1,094
records were loaned.
The collection, with no listening
facilities, was shunted about through
several locations over the next 20 or so
years. Finally, in 1965, it was decided
that it should be transferred to the library from the extension department and
was given its first proper home — the
ground floor of the main library's
northwest corner. It was there that the
name "Wilson" was added. Dr. Wall m
Wilson was a prominent Vancou ,'elfl
physician, the first president of FrieadJ ~~
ofthe Library, and a one-time presid >ni
of the Canadian Medical Associati >n
his wife Ethel was a novelist and short,
story writer. Through various < n
deavors they had made a large contn > m
tion to the university, particularly he
library, and so it was decided to na ne
the collection in their honor.
The first Wilson Listening Room i ad
12 turntables and later added anot iei
dozen. It was in January 1973, when he
new quarters in Sedgewick Library >e
came available, that the large leap in
facilities was made.
Today, with an acquisitions budge' of
about $10,000 per year, the collection
can purchase approximately 2,000 e
cordings — some of them new title- m
its holdings, but many of them replai e
ments for worn-out discs. The probl -m
with attempts to replace, though, is that
two-thirds of the library's holdings are
out-of-print material, so in many cases it
must suffer through with what it has.
Although the task is all but impossible,
Kaye attempts to keep up with new issues through the many periodicals produced for record buffs and those in the
business. Most of the out-of-print ac
quisitions come through a Seattle agent
but occasionally he makes a serendipitous discovery when a local collection is
put up for sale.
"We occasionally find collections for
sale which have material we want to
replace — one collection three years
ago had about 20 unique recordings
When people call offering collections
for sale I always go and have a look at
them, but they seldom have things we
want," says Kaye.
Once in a while valuable donations
come the collection's way. Recently it
received, via the Swiss consulate, a set
of 50 first-class recordings of works by
Swiss composers and musicians which
had been issued by the government of
Switzerland. The collection is also the
beneficiary of one Robert Hoe, an
American who owns a string of bowling
alleys and has a great love of military
band music. He has privately produced
the Heritage ofthe March series (under
the name U.S. Coast Guard Productions) containing much previously unrecorded music, which is distributed
free of charge, complete with chatty
cover notes written by Hoe himself.
"What we've tried to do is follow the
same acquisitions policy as the main library," explains Kaye. "We don't acquire ephemera, we try to acquire materials of a quality to be of interest to tl e
academic community and anything th.it
is related to course work."
For all who are interested, the material is there. And the door is open. □
Murray McMillan, is a UBC law student and part-time writer for the Sun.
1 "Please come to tea." Over 200participants
in the UBC retired citizens summer program
accepted the invitation ofthe alumni
association and summer session to enjoy an
afternoon at Cecil Green Park and meet
UBC president Doug Kenny (with
microphone), alumni president Charlotte
Warren and senior members ofthe UBC
community.
Vancouver institute:
Season 62
In 1916 the Vancouver Institute opened its
coors and welcomed the people of Vancouver to a feast of ideas. This fall, the beginning ofthe institute's 62nd season, prom-
i ;es to be in the same tradition.
The series opens September 17 with Nobel
! tureate, Sir George Porter, director of the
I loyal Institute of Great Britain, looking at
' life under the sun, the past and future of
'olar energy." On succeeding Saturday
i venings the institute's audiences will hear:
^ept. 24, the young British historian from
Cambridge, John Dunn discuss "fear and
interdependence: the third world and the
"'Vest;" Oct. 1, Geoffrey Scudder, head ofthe
UBC zoology department on "evolution or
special creation;" Oct. 8, one ofthe newest
members of the UBC political science department and former commissioner of official
languages, Keith Spicer will contribute his
view of bilingualism; Oct. 15, Norm Hacking,
BA'34, long-time marine editor of the Vancouver Province and co-author with Kaye
Lamb, BA'27, MA'30, of the Marine History
of B.C. and The Princess Story, gives us a bit
of the romance of Vancouver's harbor; Oct.
22, to be announced; Oct. 29, the 1969 Nobel
prize winner in chemistry, Sir Derek Barton,
of the Imperial College, London, looks at
some ofthe major problems of today.
"Geology is a Scottish science," and on
Nov. 5, Gordon Craig, from the University of
Edinburgh will tell us why; Nov. 12, "the
prevention of blindness" — Stephen Drance,
head of UBC's ophthalmology department
will outline some recent advances; Nov. 19,
art historian Kathleen Morand, from Queen's
University, Kingston, discusses artists in
medieval workshops; Nov. 26, will Picasso's
Guernica return to Spain? Robert Rosenblum
of New York University may have some
views in his talk on Picasso and that painting.
The visits to the campus by Sir Derek Barton, Sir George Porter and professors Craig,
Rosenblum and Dunn are made possible by
the Cecil H. and Ida Green Visiting Professorship program.
There is an open invitation for you to attend these lectures and to become a member
ofthe Vancouver Institute. The fee is modest
— $6 per person, ($2 for students) and is used
to defray the costs of publicity and printing.
Everyone involved with the institute's programs, from the organizing committee to the
speakers themselves, is a volunteer. For a
brochure outlining the fall season and a
membership application contact the UBC information office, 2075 Wesbrook Place, Vancouver V6T 1W5 (228-3131). All lectures begin at 8:15 pm in the campus instructional
resources centre.
Plants grow on you —
If you let them
And how is your garden growing?
If it needs a little brightening — and you're
on the campus sometime between 11 am and
4 pm, September 22 - 24, you might call in at
the headquarters of the UBC Botanical Garden, 6501 NW Marine Drive (the old president's house), where the Friends ofthe Garden, a group of volunteers who assist with
activities ofthe garden will be having a plant
sale with a difference.
That difference — aside from a superb
19 1 p
y,
/y'
/•'
I    I  (I, H>l
., ., , „   , .-, '-..7
• V   -J    J    '
,.-'1/    -/■,»**'■*
Blackthorn Twist
A fabric with character, milled
in Ireland. Known for its
unusual colourings, crisp
weave and rugged wearability,
Blackthorn Twist is one of the
featured fabrics in quality
Warren K. Cook garments
this season, coordinated with
a vest and fine Chapman
haberdashery, an outfit that
will look right for you this
season, on or off campus.
CHARGEXorWIASTERCHARQE
ChaDman
'' Wardrobe for gentlemen'
533 West Pender Strec
(Between Howe & Hornby)
The Bayshore Inn - Ho
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selection of plants at modest prices — is that
you'll get expert advice on the care of your
purchases and individual care-cards to take
home. All proceeds from the sale go to the
education projects of the FOG and the garden. They are currently purchasing special
handle-bar devices that make visits to the
campus native garden much easier for those
in wheelchairs.
Alumni with hours and interest to contribute to the gardens — green thumbs are not
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Violet Eagles was the site ofthe Class of'22
reunion in July. Members ofthe Class of'21
were invited to join in the sumptuous buffet
and the UBC memories. Ab Richards
(centre)', one ofthe leaders ofthe Great
Trek, shares some reminiscences with the
group while Mr. Watson, an unidentified
lady and Bert Imlah, with the pipe, editor of
the Ubyssey in 1921-22, listen intently.
necessary — are welcomed as members. For
further information contact Roy Taylor, director ofthe botanical garden, 228-4186.
And while we're on the subject of gardens....Cecil Green Park now has an old-
fashioned rose garden within its bounds —
and what it needs is an old-fashioned sundial.
If there's one in the potting shed at the bottom of your garden and you'd like to have it
see the light of day, contact the alumni association, 6251 Cecil Green Park Road, Vancouver V6T 1X8, 228-3313. We'll give it a
good home.
Changing times and changing needs often
mean new answers for old questions.
The question: how to pay tribute to the 2a.
5III23ISI3£2SIEI3XE^^
yyyy'^yrrjz'7^ ttzi
I
noiy of a teachei, family membeis or a
nd? The answer: the university's new
c mortal Scholarship and Bursary Fund,
he fund was created to encourage memo-
na donations, smaller bequests and lifetime
do lations, which individually would not
provide sufficient investment income to
gr; nt a meaningful award but combined will
be i significant and continuing source of student aid.
' he "lifetime gifts" aspect ofthe fund is of
spt cial interest to individuals or small groups
of lonors who are not in a position to make
m; ior gifts at the time ofthe death of a friend
or relative but who hope to make donations
to he fund during their own lifetime and/or to
inc iude a provision in their wills. By using the
fat ilities ofthe new fund the deceased person
will be memorialized regularly from the time
the original gift is made.
\11 students receiving an award from the
Memorial Fund will be given a brochure listing the names of those who have been remembered by gifts to the fund.
For further information contact Byron
Hender, director of student awards, UBC,
228-5111 or I.C. Malcolm, director ofthe
alumni fund, 6251 Cecil Green Park Road,
Vancouver V6T 1X8, 228-3313. Gifts to the
UBC Memorial Scholarship and Bursary
Fund can, of course, be directed through the
UBC Alumni Fund.
Alumni MisceBBany
Kenny to visit Japan
Some special events for the branches: UBC
president Douglas Kenny will be in Japam in
October speaking at several educational institutions and he plans to meet with alumni
during his visit. Invitations to all alumni in
Japan will be mailed as soon as details are
confirmed....Alumni in New Brunswick will
be guests at the unveiling of a bust of UBC
president emeritus Norman MacKenzie at
Alumni program
Director appointed
The UBC Alumni Association has appointed
a new program director who will, eventually,
also have responsibility for the UBC Alumni
Fund.
Dale T. Alexander, formerly director of
alumni affairs at the University of Calgary
joins the UBC alumni staff on September 15.
He will direct the wide range of alumni program activities, including reunions and divisions that the association offers its members.
In April 1978 he will assume direction ofthe
alumni fund, upon the retirement of I.C.
(Scotty) Malcolm, fund director since 1966.
"We are delighted that Dale Alexander will
be joining our alumni administration," said
Harry J. Franklin, executive director. "He
has had an extensive background in Canada
and the U.S., in ail aspects of alumni activities — programs, publications and fund
raising, which will serve to enhance our present and future programs."
Alexander, who was born in Alberta, attended the University of Alberta for two
years before completing his academic work
at Montana State University, where he
graduated with a BSc in commerce. Between
1966 and 1971 he was assistant to the executive director of Delta Sigma Phi Fraternity in
Denver, Colorado. He spent two years in
private business before joining the Calgary
Alumni Association.
An amateur historian and genealogist,
Alexander is a past president ofthe Historical Society of Alberta and the Alberta
Genealogical Society.
the University of New Brunswick. This is the
third of the sculptures to be unveiled and
marks another milestone in the MacKenzie
career. He served as president of UNB before coming to UBC in 1944. The original
sculpture, by North Vancouver artist Jack
Harman, is in the plaza of the MacKenzie
Centre for Fine Arts on the UBC campus and
a second was unveiled earlier this year at
Dalhousie University, where he began his
academic career. Anonymous alumni
donors, through the UBC Alumni Fund,
have provided the financing for the
sculptures, and in the case of UNB, a grant
(matched by the UNB alumni association) to
provide a perpetual MacKenzie scholarship
for a UNB student. The ceremony is
scheduled for Wednesday, October 12 at 4
pm at UNB in Fredericton....Alberni Valley
alumni are invited to a workshop on nutrition
and fitness — part of B.C. Nutrition Week —
Saturday, October 22 at the Alberni District
Secondary School. A $5 fee includes lunch;
more information from Gail Van Sacker,
723-6251.
Division programs expand
In the divisions: nursing alumni have planned an evening called "Strategies for Survival" — hints for the practise of nursing, September 27, 7:30 pm at Cecil Green Park. Special guests are the members of the nursing
classes of '76 and '77....Two new groups
have started alumni programs — or restarted
in the case of librarianship. The librarians
published their first newsletter in seven years
The new§pa|*» iw contemporary readers
Stay on top of events with a newspaper that gets in and
out of a story without cutting corners and without wasting
time. Get a fresh perspective on British Columbia news.
BC Today brings you top-notch reporting and comment
from a progressive point of view. Each issue features
first-hand reports from the Capital, plus entertaining
columns, lively graphics and investigative stories on issues
that affect you — the environment, human services, money
and politics.
BC Today is a newspaper for people who like to think
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NAME
ADDRESS
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POSTAL CODE
□ I have enclosed a cheque
or money order for $12.
□ Please bill me.
Please   mail   all   remittances   to:   BC   Today
P.O. Box 66, Victoria, B.C., V8W2M1
UBC
21 ziJ^i^T^irizziiizT^i",' 'i' ^ ,s:'iTr™rj
■£ %, *•
I*. '   .   i
Ted Hunt putt s out on the 18th giecn m the
first annual Frank Gnup Golf Classic. The
event raised $3,000 for the Gnup memorial
scholarship fund, which has given its
inaugural award to Chris Thompson, a first
year UBC student, who plans to study
architecture - and try out for the
Thunderbirds.
this summer and have plans for future programs. Graduates ofthe health services planning program, the other new division, have
scheduled their annual meeting for Wednesday, October 12, 6:30 pm at Cecil Green
Park. Guest speaker will be Robert McClelland,  B.C.   minister of health Home
Economics alumni held a garden party in August, with lunch at the faculty club, followed
by David Tarrent, educational coordinator of
the botanical garden, speaking on the year-
round garden and tours of the Nitobe and
native gardens.
Focus on Ihe fund
In alumni fund news: John Banfield,
BCom'56, has joined the fund executive as
deputy to Roland Pierrot, who has chaired
the alumni fund for the past two years.
Banfield will succeed Pierrot next spring.
The first two UBC Alumni Association national scholarship winners have been announced: Rennie Jane Keates, of Alix, Alberta, daughter of Keith John Keates,
BA'58, and Julie Ann McLeod from Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, daughter of Dorothy
Ann Cameron McLeod, BA'54 and Charles
Gordon McLeod, BCom'55 Both womi i,
who have outstanding academic records, v II
be registered in the arts faculty, McLeod n
first year and Keates in second. The awai Is
of $ 1,250, were provided by donations to ! e
alumni fund.
More music
Alumni Concerts returns for a fourth si. i-
son under a new name — MUSIC/UBC. IB it
the purpose is the same: to provide a sho /•
case for some ofthe outstanding students n
the school of music. The new series will b :-
gin in mid-January with a faculty recital te i-
tatively scheduled as the first event to ;e
followed by four evenings of music by t^e
students. The student participants each receive an honorarium provided by the alumni
fund. Tickets, $8 for the series, $2 for individual concerts, are available from ti e
alumni office.
A return lo Elphinstone
Memories of Camp Elphinstone beckon
and the student leadership conference is revived. The student affairs committee has
been working all summer planning this
three-day conference, for student leaders,
faculty, administrators and alumni, that
drifted into limbo in 1967. Plans are to return
to Elphinstone on the weekend of September
30 where approximately 120 participants will
discuss all manner of weighty subjects pertaining to university life. □
AdventfijFe.
See some of the most incredible sights
in the world. Spectacular Machu Picchu,
Lost City of the Incas. Two-mile-high Cuzco.
Cosmopolitan Lima. Colonial Quito.
Exciting bullfights. Colorful Indian markets.
Darwin's unique Galapagos Islands. And a
chance to tip-toe on the Equator.
Send to: UBC Alumni Association
6251 Cecil Green Park Rd.
Vancouver, B.C. V6T 1X8
Enclosed is my check for $
person) as deposit.
Names'_
Address.
City.
Cheques payable to: Manchester Bank/South
American Adventure
Trust Account
 ($100 per
Nine sun-filled days for only $1148
Departing Vancouver on Jan. 17,1978
The charter-cost savings price includes:
Direct round-trip jet air fare . . . deluxe hotels
. . full American breakfasts . . gourmet dinners
and much more. Join us this winter for a
South American summer you'll never forget.
ri
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Area Code Phone  ' :,"?? '   ',   # &X^S -"'-^ "■ f'    <4ffiC„ . 2          ■•"-.■
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Paul Josiin
The endangered species of the world —
"rare to begin with, then pushed to the
brink of extinction by man" — have taken
Paul Josiin BSc'63, a wildlife protection
specialist, to remote Iranian villages, the
jungles of India, the forests of northern
Ontario and the deserts of the southern
U.S.
After 12 years he is now back in B.C.,
suffering a kind of "cultural shock," and
determined to do something positive to
replenish the stock of these endangered
species. His isolation on some assignments was so great that he recalls referring to visitors to the villages as foreigners. One factor that brought him home
and to the Tynehead Zoological Society
of B.C., where he is development manager, is the ability of some endangered
animals to breed prolifically in captivity
thus raising hopes of eventual re-
population. Canada rates high in conservation — and Josiin, through Tynehead,
intends to raise that credit even further.
Josiin is well-qualified for his task of
coordinating the development of the
640-acre, cage less zoo that Tynehead is
planning to construct in Surrey. After
UBC, and before doctoral studies at the
University of Edinburgh, he completed
two masters degrees, zoology at Toronto
and ecology at Aberdeen. He participated
in planning a zoo complex to serve the
five million inhabitants of Tehran and has
studied a wide range of European zoological gardens. "There is so much that one
can explain about the animal world if you
go about it right," he says, "and getting it
right does not mean giving a whole bunch
of 'postage-stamp' looks at animals, but
taking a few examples and trying to explain them within their environment".
Although Tynehead is still a plan — one
that began in 1973, with completion in
1982, at the earliest — Josiin is confident
that by breeding replacement animals,
significant   numbers  of endangered
Z33E3ES3Zi;jSXi^33TZSZ5SI2aEEn2iaHM33351^a2
species can be returned to their natural
environment in their country of origin.
"The conservation story hasn't yet gone
the full way," says Josiin who aims to
change zoos from consumers to conserves.
Tynehead will be a "natural" zoo except that prey will be separated from predator and each allowed to establish the
hierarchical structures often observed in
wild herds. Interference with the natural
habitat will be only to ensure proper nutrition and health precautions. Two
"wild" areas are planned: one Canadian,
where mountain sheep, moose, deer,
bear and buffalo will roam; and the other,
African, complete with elephants, rhino,
ostrich and zebra. In a central "core
zoo," visitors will be able to walk through
exhibits housed in cages and pavilions
Surrounding a restaurant, which will
have a panoramic view of the rest of the
park, will be botanical displays and a
children's zoo.
Josiin is seldom away from the world of
animals — nor does he want to be. "My
work is also my play — it's fascinating,"
he says. Part of Joslin's "play" is the
camera. "It is an extra pleasure of my
own." His superb photographs belie his
description of play and show nocturnal
animals as well as colorful orangutans,
crocodiles, hippos and lions. He feels that
a wildlife biologist must also be a good
photographer, "an inseparable hobby."
The future for Josiin and Tynehead's
growing list of members is hopeful
Statistics show that more people visited
North American zoos in one year than all
the spectators combined at all the professional sporting events. But the society
has a long way to go before the family car
can turn into the parking lot, and Mom,
Dad and the kids can take the unique look
at the animal world that Tynehead will
offer. It will certainly top an afternoon of
T.V. and may even start some young visitors on a path similar to that taken by
Paul Josiin.
Former Vancouver city councillor, William
Orson Banfield, BASc'22, MASc'23, was recently awarded freedom of the city of Vancouver. In making the announcement, mayor
Jack Volrich, BA'50, LLB'51, said, "Mr.
Banfield has a long and impressive record of
service to the city, and is well deserving of
the award." Banfield has been a park commissioner and a member ofthe board of variance and is still a member ofthe civic theatre
board....David B. Charlton, BA'25, (MA,
Cornell; PhD, Iowa State), continues his dedication to upgrading the environment in
Oregon, site of many previous successes in
Charlton's life-long battle to integrate conservation and the increasing heavy demands
of society. He currently devotes most of his
energies to the continuing battle over the Bull
Run watershed (supplier of Portland's water), and how to allow logging without sacrificing water quality....May Christison Beat-
lie, BA'29, made Vancouver one ofthe stops
on her North American speaking tour earlier
this year. With several books to her credit,
she lectured on her research and knowledge
of Oriental carpets.
Brock University recently conferred an honorary degree upon James Lawrence
McKeever, BASc'30. The LLD recognizes
the naturalist's outstanding work with owls
and other birds of prey.... Gordon G. Strong,
BCom'33, BA'34, a director of the
worldwide Associated Press, is the new publisher of the Oakland Tribune. Since 1968,
Strong has been president and publisher of
the Thomson-Brush-Moore division of
Thomson Newspapers....B.C.'s new agent-
general in London is Lawrence (Lawrie) J.
Wallace, BA'38, (MEd, Wash.), deputy provincial secretary since 1959. Wallace is
known as the founding father of the Barker-
23 UBC ALUMNI
ASSOCIATION
BOARD OF
MANAGEMENT
1977-78
Honorary President: Dr. Douglas T. Kenny, BA'45,
MA'47
Executive
President: Charlotte L.V. Warren, BCom'58; Past President: James L. Denholme, BASc'56; Vice-president:
Paul L. Hazell, BCom'60; Treasurer: George E. Plant,
BASc'50, Officers: J.D. (Jack) Hetherington, BASc'45;
Oscar Sziklai, MF'61, PhD'64. (One additional officer
will be elected from the members-at-large following the
first meeting of the Board of Management).
Members-at-large (1976-78)
M. Joy Ward Fera, BRE'72; Joan Thompson Gish,
BA'58; J.D. (Jack) Hetherington, BASc'45; Brenton D.
Kenny, LLB'56; George E. Plant, BASc'50; John F.
Schuss, BASc'66; Oscar Sziklai, MF'61, PhD'64;
Robert E. Tulk, BCom'60; Kenneth W. Turnbull,
BASc'60, MD'67; Barbara Mitchell Vitols, BA'61.
Members-at-large (1977-79)
Joan Godsell Ablett, BA'66; Grant D. Burnyeat, LLB'73;
Michael W. Hunter, BA'63, LLB'67; Thomas McCusker,
BA'47; Valerie Manning Meredith, LLB'49; Richard H.
Murrary, BASc'76; E. Roland Pierrot, BCom'63, LLB'64;
David C. Smith, BCom'73; W.A. (Art) Stevenson,
BASc'66; Doreen Ryan Walker, BA'43, MA'69.
Comnjyitfe© Chairs
Most of the positions as committee chairs are to be
decided following the first meeting of the Board of Management.
Division Representatives
Commerce: (to be announced); Dental Hygiene: Jill
Baarsden, DDHY76; Health Services Planning: Helen
Colls, BA'47, MSc'76; Home Economics: Louise Smith,
BHE'65; Nursing: Ruth Robinson, 3SN70.
Alma
Society
John De Marco, President; Arnold Hedstrom, Secretary
Treasurer.
Faculty Association Representatives
Dr. Richard Roydhouse, President; Dr. David Elkins,
Treasurer.
Executive Director
Harry J. Franklin, BA'49.
Lawrence Wallace
ville Historic Park and was largely responsible for the establishment of Fort Steele Historic Park. B.C.'s numerous centennial
celebrations of recent years have felt his
guiding hand as well.
40s
Victor C. Moore, BA'40, writes to inform us
that he is now stationed in Lusaka, Zambia,
in the triple capacity of Canadian high commissioner in Zambia and Malawi and Canadian ambassador to Mozambique....Alistair
McLeam, BSA'44, (MSc, Utah State; PhD,
Wash. State), was named a fellow ofthe Agricultural Institute of Canada for his outstanding accomplishments in the field. He is
research scientist at the Agriculture Canada
research station at Kamloops.
As one of several stops in B.C., Rev. Peter
ft. Amy, BA'47, and his wife were in Kamloops earlier this year with a talk and slide
show at the North Kamloops Baptist
Church. They have spent many years in
South America as missionaries....Alfred
W.R. Carrothers, BA'47, LLB'48, former
president of the University of Calgary and
founding president of the Institute for Research on Public Policy, has resigned from
the institute. An authority on labor law, Carrothers said he will probably work as a labor
relations consultant in Vancouver....W.
Randolph Clefihue, BCom'47, has been
elected a member ofthe board of directors of
Celanese Corporation, New York. An executive vice-president, he is a former president
and chief executive officer of Celanese
Canada....Former director general of the
Canadian Wildlife Service, John S. Tener,
BA'48, MA'52, PhD'60, has been appointed
executive director of the Arctic Institute of
North America....Rev. Gordon Bonney,
BA'49, celebrated his 25th anniversary as a
pastor in the Baptist Federation. He is currently leading two congregations in Ontario
— in Marchmont where he now resides, and
in West Oro.
Winner of the Alberta Culture non-fiction
award is Clifford V. Faulknor, BSA'49, for
his book Pen and Plow. Reproductions of
farm magazine advertisements and old
photographs assist Few and Plow to describe
the many dramatic events which, even today, have some impact on rural society.
Faulknor spent 21 years as western field
editor for Country Guide and in 1964 was the
Alfred Carrothers
first western Canadian to win the Lit ,e
Brown Award for juvenile literature....! ie
two-week long "Chamber Music and All
That Jazz" festival has been a fixture of Fredericton, N.B. summers for 11 years. Arlene
Nimmons Pach, BA'49, co-creator ofthe festival, performs as a pianist in the Brunswick
String Quartet as well as participating in festival workshops....William P. Paterson,
BA'49, BSW'50, MSc'53, is project manager
of the master plan for metropolitan Lagos.
He assumed his post in Nigeria in May after
serving with the United Nations in the Phillipines.... William M. Winterton, LLB'49,
has been appointed vice-president of Gulf Oil
Canada. He joined the company's legal department in Calgary in 1956 and in 1976 transferred to Toronto to be general counsel and
secretary.
50S
In his fifth year as school trustee in North
Vancouver, Clifford R. Adkins, BASc'50,
has been elected 1977-78 president of the
B.C. School Trustees' Association....William O. Codrimgtom, BASc'50, has been
named president of Alcan Commercial. With
the Alcan group for 25 years, he is currently
responsible for the Montreal area....The
Forest Products Research Society elected F.
Alan Tayelor, BASc'50, as vice-president at
its annual meeting held in Colorado. Tayelor
was previously head of the liaison and research development section, a position he
held since 1976.
Joan Cecilia Wallace, BA'50, was recently
appointed general manager for the B.C. division ofthe Retail Merchants' Association cf
Canada. The association serves as the collective voice of over 10,000 independent retailers across Canada....As the newly appointed
director of community relations for the
McMaster University faculty of business,
David Walter Buckley, BA'51, is explorit j
ways to strengthen the relationship betwef i
the business community and student .
...Outgoing president for the Manitoba Soc -
ety for Criminology, Lloyd W. Dewal ,
BA'51, BSW'52, MSW'59, has been nam< J
director of a new office under the Manitor a
health and social development departmen .
He will act as liaison with agencies providir g
24-hour care.
Public opinion has been an integral part < f
the research that has gone into the expansu. i
24 of the Royal Ontario Museum in Toronto.
Oi e of those individuals behind the project is
Gtne Kimoshita, BArch'51, a partner in one
of "he two architectural firms involved in the
ve iture....With more than 25 years of Cana-
di n and international experience in en-
gii eering, Richard C. Hermann, BASc'52,
has been appointed executive vice-president
of Quinette Coal. He was formerly president
of Manalta Coal. Clifford Hugh Frame,
BaSc'56, becomes president of Quinette
C< al. Frame is also executive vice-president,
mining operations, for Denison Mines.
...Formerly general manager, exploration
with Shell Canada, David W. Smith,
BASc'52, was recently appointed vice-
president, exploration.... Gertrude E.
Sweatman, BA'53, has been named special
representative in Victoria for World Vision
of Canada. Over the past three years, during
which she was an associate in the organization, the Victoria group has succeeded in
raising about $12,000 annually for child care
and emergency needs overseas....Ruth Jean
Gorwill, BPE'54, recently received her master's degree in education from Niagara University in New York.
Newly elected member of the American
Neurological Association, Margaret Maier
Hoehm, MD'54, (BA, Sask), has been promoted to associate clinical professor of
neurology at the University of Colorado
medical school....George H. Collin, BSA'55,
(PhD, Cornell), was named to head the Ontario Farm Products Marketing Board in
February. Previously, he was director of the
Alberta Horticultural Centre in Brooks.
7izirz7rzrrz2r7T?z^7^rzz1z?
ci
New Osgoode Hall law school dean, Stanley M. Beck, BA'57, LLB'58, (LLM, Yale), is
determined to further not only the international but also the national reputation ofthe
school. A member ofOsgoode's faculty since
1967, Beck hopes to turn out bettergraduat.es
by attracting more "leading scholars" to the
faculty and to enrol more students from across Canada....Edmund A. Hunt, BPE'57,
MPE'61, EdD'76, (MA, Wash), is a secondary school administrator in Vancouver....One of 20 chosen from high school
teachers throughout Canada, Elaine A. Murphy, BSA'58, BHE'59, was awarded a Shell
Canada merit fellowship in chemistry. Along
with the other recipients, she attended a
four-week course at McMaster University in
July to learn of modern developments in
chemistry and chemical education and to
study the implications on teaching methods....Robert P. Smith, BA'58, has been appointed director of the support services
branch, fisheries management service, in the
federal ministry of fisheries and the'environment.
60s
Aem-Shirtey Gordon Goodell, BSN'60, was
elected to Sigma Theta Tau, a national honor
society in the U.S., prior to the June convocation ofthe Ohio State University when she
received her master of science degree. She is
now at Ohio Wesleyan University as an assistant  professor in  the  school  of nurs
ing Vancouver's newest institution of
confinement looks more like a private house
than what it is — the city dogpound. Pound-
keeper, Victor Warren, BA'60, who refers to
it as the "doggie Hilton", finds the building in
the False Creek area, with its roomy kennels,
airy spaces and heated floors, a great improvement over the old establishment.... Robert Bill Fisher, BSF'61, chairs
the board ofthe Council of Forest Industries
— and he's optimistic about the future of
B.C.'s biggest industry, despite its current
problems.
Former music director of the UBC orchestra, Willem Bertech, BMus'63, was guest
conductor at the Regina Symphony's annual
Conductor's Choice Easter concert. Currently conductor of the Kingsport (Tennessee) Symphony Orchestra, Bertsch has wide
international playing and conducting experience.... "Most consumers don't know how
low the profit is in the food industry," says
director of communications for Super-Valu
Stores, Shirley Anne Brown, BHE'63, who
makes it her task to spread the word about
economics of the business and the complexity of the marketing system. "The grocery
business is so competitive that I think It is
reflected in the prices contrary to what appears in the press.".. .Two UBC alumni were
on the dean's honor list when they graduated
in the MBA program at the University of
Western Ontario. John S. Haywood-Farmer,
BSc'63, MSc'65, PhD'68 and Donald R.
Steele, BSc'69, were members of the select
group of 28 students.
If you are on foot in B.C.'s lower mainland
ROP IN
1 **>      YOU'RE
ALWAYS
;,   WELCOME
•5g-TCirsCTyi.^~gm.--T^TT
bookstore
on the campus
228-4741        I
k Postie's Lot
Is Hot
A Happf One -..
Specially, when he brings the
Alumni Records Department
bags of Alumni 'Unknowns'..
So if you're planning to
change your name, address or
life style ... let us Know —
and bring a little lightness
to a postie's walk, (enclosure of your
Chronicle mailing label is helpful)
Alumni Records
6251 Cecil Green Park Road
Vancouver, B.C. V6T1X8
Name
(Maiden Name) • • •	
(Indicate preferred title.Married women note husband's full name.)
Address • •iE::
Anne Shirley Goodell
and don't quite know how to get where it is
you're not quite sure where you are going,
David Macaree, MA'60, (PhD, Wash), and
his wife, Mary Watson Macaree, BLS'63,
(MA, Aberdeen), are the people to guide
you. They are the joint authors of 103 Hikes
in Southwestern British Columbia and 109
Walks in B.C.'s Lower Mainland A
member of the Bucknell University faculty
since 1970, John Tonzetich, BSc'63, is now
associate professor of biology. A specialist in
genetics and evolution, he will be on sabbatical during the coming year at the University
of California at Davis....Moss D. McKinnon,
BA'64, now heads the department of geography at the State University of New York at
Buffalo. He joined the faculty in January,
1977 after teaching for nine years at the University of Toronto.
Richard Gerald Landon, BA'65, BLS'67,
has been appointed head of the rare books
and special collection department of the
University of Toronto library. Interested in
the research ofthe historical aspects of book
production and collecting, Landon was
awarded a Council of Library Resources fellowship to study administration of rare books
in several large European universities.... Editor for the Okanagan Historical
Society is Duncans Duane Thomson, BA'65,
instructor of history and economics at
Okanagan College, Penticton campus. The
society produces annual reports which contain many interesting stories of pioneer days
in the  Okanagan Donna C.  Willard,
BA'65, was recently elected to the board of
governors of the Alaska Bar Association for
a three-year term. Willard is a partner in an
Anchorage law firm....Two new faces on the
roster of B.C. district school superintendents: Dorothy E. Newman Glass, BEd'66,
MEd'75, who previously served on the
BCTF executive committee and is currently
on a one-year leave of absence from the
Campbell River school district where she is a
vice-principal of Campbell River Secondary
School; and Susan Granger, BEd'69, a
supervisor of instruction for the Cariboo-
Chilcotin  district Dickson  L.S.  Liu,
MSc'66, PhD'71, is a research microbiologist
with the lakes research division of the
Canada Centre for Inland Waters.
The old saying that acting is believing is
indeed the case for Judith A. Anderson,
BA'67, who has been selling the Ontario
Progressive Conservative party to television
viewers. Anderson, who describes herself as
a "rabid Tory", conducts the on-the-street
W. Randolph Clerihue
interviews that are seen as T.V. commercials.... Alistair J. Borthwick, BSc'67, general
science teacher at Dr. Charles Best Junior
Secondary School, Coquitlam, president of
the B.C. Science Teachers Association for
the past year and Bruce F. Gurney, BSc'75,
earth science and junior science teacher at
Windsor Secondary School, North Vancouver, attended the Shell Canada earth sciences workshop at the University of Western
Ontario. Gurney has written and published a
field trip guide for geology teachers in the
Nanaimo area....Robert Irwin Barton,
BASc'68, has been appointed smelter
superintendent of Inco Metals at Thompson,
Manitoba. Barton joined Inco in 1962 and
prior to his recent appointment, was assistant refinery superintendent.
After five years of teaching music, Melvyle
J.D. Bowker, MMus'68, is now involved with
duo-piano work with his younger brother in
concerts and on T.V. They have recently released their second album....Robert Steven
Dumont, BASc'68, (MSc, PhD, Sask), is lecturing in mechanical engineering at Saskatoon and will be concentrating his research
on solar energy and energy conservation....Fitness is only one reason Kurt V.
Nielsen, MD'68, continues fencing while
practising medicine in Cumberland on Vancouver Island. Captain of the UBC fencing
team while a student, Nielson attended the
Montreal Olympiad as a physician for Canada's fencing team....Kendall R. Rnmsby,
BEd'68, will be visiting audio-visual centres
in New Zealand, Australia and the United
Kingdom over the next year. He is on leave
from Malaspina College where he is coordinator ofthe audio-visual department in the
learning resources centre....Robert J. Smith,
BCom'68, MBA'71, a member of the
commerce division executive, is executive
director ofthe B.C. division, Canadian Arthritis and Rheumatism Society. The first
man to hold the post in the division's 30-year
history, Smith was appointed assistant
executive director in 1975. Prior to joining
CARS, Smith was manager of the UBC
Bookstore Sandra    D.     Sutherland,
BCom'68, LLB'69, is the new public governor for the Vancouver Stock Exchange. She
has been a director of Vancouver City Savings Credit Union for the past four years and
has been on the board of the B.C. Credit
Union for two years... .D. Joyce Johnson Vol-
ker, BSc'68, BLS'69, MLS'67, is now assistant undergraduate services librarian at the
Chifley Library, Australian National Uni-
Donna Willard
|Kc
versity in Canberra.
Nanaimo is working to attract new busi-j
ness, and Joseph S. Elkin, BCom'69, is handl
ing inquiries and coordinating the needs off
the city and the private sector. As planning
officer, Elkin hopes to assist in developing anj
industrial park as well as renovating the
downtown core....The brainchild of Mingl
Liu, MASc'69, PhD'74, may well soon pro-|
vide B.C. with another power source. Liu's
'waste gassifier', developed in a shed behind
B.C. Research laboratory, is a reactor tank
that converts waste wood into combustible
gas, a pollution-free source of energy. Given)
the abundance of waste wood in B.C., Liu is
hopeful that his gassifier will eventually be an
inexpensive energy source in the forest industry.... David G.M. Smith, BSc'69, is now
plant manager of Delta Foods Processors in
Richmond.... New head of a new corporation
is John R. Pitcher, BCom'69. The British
Columbia Buildings Corporation will be tak
ing over the duties ofthe public works ministry. Pitcher was previously with Polaris Re
alty as Western Canada regional manager....Louise R. Howard Ritchie, BEd'69, and
husband John C.W. Ritchie, BASc'69
MASc'71, are living in Bangkok, Thailand.
Louise has 'retired' after six and a half years
of teaching to raise Michael, 2, and a child
expected this September. John is a project
engineer for Acres Consulting Services
studying water resources ofthe Chao Phraya
Water Basin.
Former member ofthe UBC alumni board of
management (1973-1975), Charles A. Hulton,
BSc'70, writes to tell us that he has calld
Yellowknife home since 1975 and is finance
manager of the Canadian Arctic Cooperative Federation. He invites any alumnus who happens to be passing through to
drop in and see him....An instant city of
80,000 is scheduled to become a reality next
year. One ofthe two individuals responsible
for the development of the new community
north of Toronto is W.J. Terrence Kelfy.
BArch'70. It is estimated that construction
will take 25 years to complete....William ;rl.
Wood, MA'70, is now a superintendent of
schools in the St. John, N.B. area....Mary F.|
Bishop, MA'71, was the guest speaker at Me
annual meeting ofthe Nanaimo branch of tie
Planned Parenthood Association of B.C
26 "i-yzmn:.
.. ''V-':
'%.'.
^
^;;
.,
Kendall Rumsby
With twelve years experience in the organization, she is a director of the Planned
Parenthood Federation of Canada.... Charles
Campbell, BA'71, past president of the
alumni board of management (1974-75), has
returned to Nairobi for another year as technical and training manager for East Africa
with Deloitte, Haskins & Sells. He is also
teaching a British certification program in
professional accounting at a private college.
Winner of the Lillian May Westcott prize
for outstanding work in the area of textile
design at UBC, Anna C. France, BHE'71,
recently had her work displayed at Perth,
Ontario. During the display, sponsored by
the Gateway Guild of Weavers and Spinners
in conjunction with the Art Gallery of Ontario's Artists With Their Work program she
conducted a three-day workshop... .Roger D.
Chan, MBA'72, was recently appointed to
the federal trade commission service as second secretary and vice-consul. Both he and
his wife, Donna McLeod Chan, BEd'72, can
be reached through the Canadian Embassy in
Caracas, Venezuela....Treading the boards
for the first time at this summer's Stratford
Festival in Ontario, Rodger Barton, BA'73,
appeared in four of Shakespeare's works. After UBC, Barton entered a two-year acting
course at the Bristol Old Vic Theatre School
in England.
Charles C. Hamilton, BA'73, recently
celebrated the first anniversary of his 40-
store shopping centre, Sahali Centre, in
Kamloops, B.C. Hamilton heads the centre's
nine-member management team....Ian M.
Them, BA'74, is registrar ofthe Vancouver
Art Gallery....Peter H. Gravlin, BMus'76, is
principal bassoonist with the Saskatoon
Symphony Orchestra. After UBC, he played
with the National Youth Orchestra and has
piayed with the Canadian Chamber Orel ^estra at Banff.
Two graduates were heavily involved in
the preparation of "The Return of the
V kings—The Scandinavians in Canada" —
the last study of the very successful Canadian Culture Series, begun in 1969 and coordinated by UBC's Centre for Continuing
E lucation. Angela Ng, BA'76, was responsible for much ofthe research for another issue
oi the series: "From an Antique Land"; and
Laine Gisela M. Runs, BA'65, BLS'70, a
member ofthe social sciences division ofthe
U8C library....Like storefront lawyers or
doctors, Carleton University's school of architecture, in conjunction with the Ottawa
Society of Architecture, is offering free con
sulting services one day a week in that city.
Coordinated by Ronald Sandrin-LiU.
BArch'76, who gained his experience with a
similar service at UBC, assistance is offered
to individuals or small businesses on projects
ranging from renovating your den to expanding a warehouse....James B. Hardwick,
BA'77, has proved that perseverance pays
off. At age 73, he has graduated with a B A in
Slavonic studies and adds this credit to his
diploma in recreational leadership from Vancouver Community College. This summer,
he was one of 50 Canadians who took a
three-week course in Moscow, under the auspices of the National Institute of Physical
Education and Sports. There, he studied the
system of physical education in the U.S.S.R.
and the role of sports in a socialist society.
Weddings
Clarke-McGonigle. Bill Clarke, MP to
Shelagh McGonigle, BA'69, July 16, 1977 in
Ottawa....Priebe-Scott. Michael W. Priebe to
Jo-Anne D. Scott, BHE'73, August, 1977 in
Ann Arbor, Michigan....Beley-Lothrop.
Bruce P. Beley, BSc'75, to Marcia Lothrop,
BSc'75, May 21, 1977 in Vernon, B.C.
Births
Mr. and Mrs. Charles Campbell, BA'71, a
son, Paul Alexander (Sandy), March 29, 1977
in Nairobi, Kenya....Mr. and Mrs. John E.
Carter, BA'69, a son, Matthew Jeremy, July
25, 1977, in Kamloops, B.C....Mr. and Mrs.
Morley Cofman, (Mindi Stanisloff, BA'73), a
son, Alan Sean, April 20, 1977 in Vancouver....Mr. and Mrs. James W. Crellin,
BASc'72, (Alison Laing, BSc'71), a daughter, Fiona Sandra, April 18, 1977 in Quesnel,
B.C....Mr. and Mrs. Arthur A. Hadland,
BSc'70, (Laurel Turner, BSc'70), a daughter,
Amanda Laurel, April 28, 1977 in Fort St.
John, B.C....Mr. and Mrs. Robert M. Hlat-
ky, BSc'69, MA'73, a son, Vladimir Robert
Michael, May 20, 1977 in Vanderhoof,
B.C....Mr. and Mrs. R. Donald O. Jones,
BSc'74, (Patricia G. Wright, BEd'74), a son,
Aaron Christopher, July 7, 1977, in Ladysmith, B.C....Mr. and Mrs. Peter Gerald
Marra, BSc'63, (Eileen E. Sowerby,
BMus'66), a daughter, Amber Eileen, July 6,
1977, in Bellevue, Washington....Mr. and
Mrs. Stuart H. Noble, BSF'65, a daughter,
Catherine Marguerite, May 8, 1977 in Powell
River, B.C. ...Dr. and Mrs. Maheswar Samoo,
PhD'71, a son, Debashish, April 8, 1977 in
Kingston, Ontario.
Deaths
Aaro E. Aho, BA'49, BASc'49, (PhD, Calif.),
accidentally May, 1977 in Ladysmith, B.C.
One of Canada's outstanding geologists he
dedicated 25 years to the study ofthe geology
of the Yukon. After teaching briefly at the
University of Oregon, in 1953 he joined the
Geological Survey of Canada. In 1964 he
founded Dynasty Explorations and was re-
Fall 77
At home or away — a UBC team
needs your cheers....
All home games start at 2 pm, Thunderbird
Stadium
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
17
UBC at Saskatchewan
24
East. Oregon State at UBC
1
Calgary at UBC
4
UBC at Calgary
8
UBC at Manitoba
15
Alberta at UBC
22
Saskatchewan at UBC
29
UBC at Puget Sound
18
Playoffs
Sc@ Hoctey
All home games start at 7:30 pm, UBC Winter
Sports Centre
Oct.      14-15
UBC at Port Alberni
21-22
UBC at North Dakota
23
UBC at Winnipeg
29
Alumni game at UBC
Nov.         4-5
UBC at Alberta
11-12
Calgary at UBC
18-19
Saskatchewan at UBC
25-26
UBC at Alberta
Basketball
All home games start at 9 pm, War Memorial
Gym
Oct.           28
Grad Reunion game at UB
Nov.         4-5
Dogwood at UBC
11-12
Victoria at UBC
18-19
UBC at Alberta
25-26
Lethbridge at UBC
Dec.         2-4
UBC at Victoria
20-21
Dogwood at UBC
29-30
UBC at Oregon Tech.
For tickets and further information on the
above events or on any UBC athletic events
contact the athletics office, 228-2295 (women)
or 228-2531 (men). It is suggested that you
inquire locally for location and time of "away"
games.
27 rinss^Tir^ssriTJTSz^^
Tzzzzy—^r
tt H
sponsible for the discovery, a year later, of
the 65-million ton zinc-lead-silver orebody in
the Yukon that became the Cyprus Anvil
Mine. He also discovered a natural gas field
in Ontario, a copper molybdenum deposit in
northern Chile and a second lead-zinc deposit in the Yukon. He headed the UBC
geological science centre fund which raised
$2 million for the teaching and research facility and he served as a member of the UBC
senate from 1969 to 1975. Survived by his
wife.
Frank W. Barry, BASc'45, (MASc, PhD,
M.I.T.), July, 1977 as the result of an accident in Windsor, Connecticut. He was an
employee of Hamilton Standard Division of
United Technologies Corp. for 23 years and
was a senior analyst at the time of his death.
He was president ofthe Toastmasters Club of
Manchester, Conn, for two terms and was an
active member of the Episcopal Church.
Survived by his wife, son and daughter.
Ronald Clifton Bray, BA'50, BCom'50,
LLB'56, June, 1977 in Vancouver. Active in
student politics, he served as president ofthe
Alma Mater Society (1955-56) and was treasurer (1954-55). A partner in a Vancouver law
firm, he was a past president of the B.C.
branch ofthe Canadian Bar Association, and
a member of the national and provincial
councils for eight years. He was a member of
the B.C. Law Reform Commission and its
pro tern chairman from October, 1973 to July, 1974. Survived by his wife, a son and a
daughter.
Albert A. Docksteader, BSP'49, June, 1977 in
Los Angeles, California He was a membei
of UBC's first class of phaimacy graduates
Before moving to California in 1967, he operated four drugstores in the Vancouver area.
Survived by his wife, several stepchildren,
mother, and two sisters.
Jessie MacCarthy, BASc'50, (MA, Calif.),
April, 1977 in Burnaby, B.C. An associate
professor of health care and epidemiology in
the UBC faculty of medicine, she had been
conducting, on a federal grant, research
studies on air pollution in two B.C. centres,
Prince George and Trail. She was the first
nurse, and the first woman, to be named to
the management committee ofthe Canadian
Tuberculosis and Respiratory Disease Association. She was active on several UBC
committees, among them the president's
committee on the status of women. Survived
by her mother, two brothers and a sister.
Katherine MacKay, MA'23, (BA, Queen's),
April, 1977 in Toronto, Ontario. After
graduating from UBC, she taught English at
Wells College, Aurora, New York from 1927
until her retirement in 1958. Survived by a
sister and a brother.
Eric Hugh Qtaainton, BA'23, April, 1977 in
Victoria, B.C. After several years of teaching in the public school system, in 1942 he
returned to St. Michael's Preparatory
School, where he had begun his career, and
taught until his retirement in 1973. Survived
by his wife and two daughters.
Harcharan S. Sehdev, MA'58, MD'63, July,
1977 in Colorado Dnector of the childre s
division and a membei of the cential m n
agement committee ofthe Mennmgei Fo n
dation, he began his career in private prati e
in Toronto and was medical advisoi to
Malawi, Africa until 1967 when he ente -A
the psychiatric residency program of ic
Menninger School of Psychiatry. In 1969 ic
joined the foundation as a staff psychiatt ,t
Survived by his wife, (Joan McClatc ie
Sehdev, MD'63), two daughters and one s< n.
Margaret Marion Mitchell Specter, BA' '6,
(MA, Clark; PhD, Columbia), July, 197? iii
Seattle, Washington. A professor of hist< ry
at the University of Washington, she devo1 .;d
much of her time to the American Association of University Women, serving as president of the Seattle branch, as national vice-
president and as head of many national
committees. She served on the governor's
committee on the status of women. The author of two historical texts, she was listed in
Who's Who Among American Women, O-ie
Thousand Women of Distinction and the recent Women of Washington. Survived by her
husband.
Laura Pim Swadell, BA' 17, February, 1977 in
Modesto, California. She was the first
elected secretary of the UBC Alumni Association and in 1917 assisted in drawing up
the association's first constitution. Since that
time she had remained in close contact with
her former classmates and attended numerous reunions. Survived by a daughter, and
three sons.
/ a ry^yyriryisrysny^
•irzn
A note of thanks
We wish to convey to the members of the
1977 graduating class sincerest thanks and
appreciation for their gift of $4,000 and for
the confidence it implies in the work of the
Crane Library and in their fellow students
who are blind.
The gift will be used for the purchase of a
prefabricated, soundproof recording studio
for the recording of talking books. The demand for these books is increasing dramatically as Crane Library serves increasing
numbers of non-print readers both on campus and around the province. Our present
recording locations are poorly insulated, and
increasing noise levels in our library and in
Brock Hall cause many recordings to be
spoiled by background noise and interference. The new recording studio will eliminate these problems and enable us to produce
talking books without compromise. We are
very fortunate to have received similar
grants from three other organizations, allowing us to install a total of four new studios.
On behalf of all of us, I would like to wish
the members ofthe class the very best in their
future plans and offer congratulations on
their graduation. We hope that many will
come out to UBC and visit our new recording
studio.
Paul E. Thiele, BA'65
Librarian and Head
Crane Library, UBC
Rowing into history
I would like to point out that John Craig
Oliver, BA'26, BA'27, stroked the first
eight-oared rowing crew for UBC and probably was very largely responsible for getting it
started.
There was an arrangement to row against a
csew from the University of Washington and
the UBC eight-oared shell was obtained from
it:; rowing club. Unfortunately the selection
of a cox was dubious. His right eye may have
been defective. After we had rowed a
quarter-mile he steered the shell a few feet to
the left of massive pilings sticking out ofthe
w iter with the result of tearing off the outrig-
giig for three oars on bowside. I was rowing
bow. Why UBC's first "eight" didn't sink
immediately with only a half inch free-board
I-lon't know.
Johnny's skillful work at stroke saved the
d;.y and the crippled shell returned to the
Vancouver Rowing Club wharf. The accident
prevented the race with Washington but the
Vancouver Rowing Club made up an "eight"
and a race was arranged either in 1925 or
1926. We won easily as they did not train and
we did. J.C. Oliver should be given major
credit for this first eight-oared crew.
George W.H. Norman, BASc'26,
West Vancouver
An ounce of prewention
Yesterday I received the Summer '77 issue of
the UBC Alumni Chronicle and discovered
there a story that leaves me somewhat annoyed. The article about Winona Rowat
gives one the impression that preventive
medicine is a new and generally untrodden
area of endeavor. This will come as quite a
surprise to the nurses, doctors, engineers,
sanitarians, virologists, epidemiologists,
laboratory technicians and clerical staff who
are presently involved in preventive
medicine in this province and who have been
for many years. I am referring to the community health programs section of the B.C.
Ministry of Health.
This group of dedicated people is doing
much to prevent sickness and to educate the
public in preventive medicine in all parts of
the province.
David G. Levang, BASc'67
Regional Health Engineer, Kootenays
B.C. Ministry of Health
We noted that preventive medicine "is a very
old science". And it does have many dedicated practitioners. This new version is
aimed at individuals in that large section of
the population whose awareness of what will
keep them ticking is, in general, minimal -
Editor.
Carving a heritage
I thoroughly enjoyed the article by Eleanor
Wachtel "An Accessible Heritage" (Summer
'77). What worries me is that I believe it is
still far more "accessible" than comes out in
the space available.
To go back in history as I learned it, the
first carved posts were certainly the lodge
corner posts. But the first group who saw
beyond this strictly utilitarian function and
erected high monumental carved poles related to birth, marriage, death etc., were the
Nishgas who dwelt on the Nass River.
Others may also have followed this change at
about the same time.
In any case, many may not know that the
period of real carving, as we know it now,
was comparatively brief. Before the Russians arrived with steel and iron tools, very
little fine workmanship was possible. Then
the missionaries arrived and the totem culture was banned by law. I'm not sure how
long this period of activity actually was.
About 1910, my father took a position at
the north of the Nass and came to know all
the Indians. We spent six months up there
every year. One day an old chief brought, as
a gift to my mother, the most beautiful piece
of Indian carving and polishing. It had been a
war club and he swore it was over 100 years
old. The shaft, all but the carved handle he
had shaved down to make a walking stick. It
is an absolute work of art!
Not much later the last known living man
who had carved poles as a lad, made a short
pole for Dad. It is also beautiful and as the
last effort of the last survivor has a lot of
sentiment attached to it.
This old carver lived for quite a spell after
he carved Dad's pole but he gradually went
blind. One day, tapping with his stick, he
came into the store there. He spoke no English but I spoke Nishga and he ordered me to
go down to the Indian village. When I got
there, there was quite a ceremony. I was
made a member ofthe clan and he presented
me with a small totem. It's not like the one he
carved for Dad but he did it while blind and at
over 100 years of age. It was to be the last
totem carved by one of those who carved
before the banning — at least 120 years ago
now.
It was interesting to grow up, hunt and be a
part of the life of the people to whom that
land belonged. I hope this may be of some
interest to you as you go about developing
this marvellous project (the UBC Museum of
Anthropology).
W.F. Sydney Walker, BCom'37,
Pointe-Claire, Quebec.
Teaching:
A co-operative endeawor
The following is in response to comments on
teachers and teaching in an interview with
four graduating students that appeared in
the UBC Reports insert carried in the Summer '77 issue ofthe Chronicle.
An open letter to Meg Miller, Nigel Kenneil,
Konrad Mauch, and Peter van der Gracht,
concerning comments on teaching in the
UBC Reports insert in UBC Alumni Chronicle, Summer '77.
I am one of the university professors that
consistently receive low evaluations year after year, and I should like to make a few
comments on your remarks.
Surely you can't be very surprised that
these teaching evaluation forms produce no
change in poorly rated teachers. After all,
what do these pieces of paper tell me? They
tell me that my teaching effectiveness is
poor, that I do a poor job of answering questions, that I do not explain concepts very
well, that my lectures are badly organized
and other such meaningless generalities.
There is a double standard operating here.
You people demand concrete examples from
me, but I receive back from the students
virtually nothing in the way of a down-to-
earth, concrete example in return — either
on evaluation forms or in any other manner. I
am charged, in effect, with refusing to admit
that I am a poor teacher. I'd like to see one
well-documented case of something that I am
doing wrong in the classroom and then we
can take it from there. If I am wrong I can
then proceed to make the necessary corrections. If you want to apply pressure to me, go
ahead, but at least find something more
meaningful than these silly forms to tell me
what I am doing wrong.
Okay, you want lots of classroom discussion. Then let's have it. I seem to get classes
filled with wooden Indians who prefer to
clam up completely; most of those who do
ask questions, at least in first year classes, do
so in such a disrespectful manner that I
should prefer that they keep quiet. But if you
29 tzyrsHryrrzyszEinzzy^i^^
Chronicle Classified
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rest in more exotic locales) whether you have a vacation to
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almost anything.
Send us your ad and we'll find a category.
Books/Periodicals
Canadian Fiction Magazine features fiction, manifestoes, reviews, graphics,
photos and interviews quarterly, for $9
per year in Canada, $10 elsewhere. P.O.
Box 46422. Station G, Vancouver, BC
V6R 4G7.
Put a book on your Christmas list. Fiction, Canadiana, poetry and juveniles.
Send for a free fall catalogue from J.J.
Douglas Ltd., 1875 Welch Street, North
Vancouver, BC V7P 1B7
Lifestyles
UBC's Women's Resources Centre: drop-
in counselling, referral and life-style
planning, Ste. 1, 1144 Robson St. Vancouver, BC (685-3934).
Art
Toni Onley, Survivor's Island: a Georgian
Bay watercolor in facsimile reproduction
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This is my message:
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want a lot of give and take in the ciassroo i >
then co-operate with me.Asksomequestu is
fiom time to time, in a tone of voice tl it
indicates that you really want to learn son j
thing and are not just trying to vent yt n
frustration.
You want to feel that I am a real perst i,
not just a machine. Okay, then you have o
meet me halfway. Maybe there are 100 thin ^
that I am doing in the classroom which y u
don't like. But don't expect me to go mo e
than halfway. If I take care of 50 of the ,e
items, you should try to adjust to the oth :r
50. Otherwise, you are forcing me to <,e
someone other than who I am, and this is
hardly the way for me to come across a:- a
real person. The surest way to turn me ink a
mere TV machine is to remake me cot i-
pletely into your idea of what a profess >r
would be.
Or let's put it this way. The teaching sin \-
tion is an encounter between myself, as tie
professor, and you, as the student. This i a
co-operative endeavor, and eachoneshould
give ground to meet the other. The best
teaching in the world is completely wasted on
the student who refuses to make any effort
whatsoever to come over to where his (or
her) professor is.
I'm sorry if, from time to time, I tell you
things that you already know. In studying
myself I go over things that I already know,
to over-learn them, so to speak. I don't
apologize for this. If in doing so I put you to
sleep, I'm sorry, but it is impossible for every
sentence that I utter in class to be completely
new to you. Once in a while, I will utter
sentences that are not new to you. So if you
must, then sleep away.
As for there being something wrong with
students today, yes, I think that students are
worse, in some ways, than they used to be.
There has been a very slow decline in
academic excellence over the years. But attitudes are much worse. There has been a
definite change. Okay, so your hackles go up.
But I am only reporting what I see and of
course I do not refer to all students.
If I skip over main points, then tell me. You
people can ask questions in class and aKo
after class. Wooden Indians who clam up
have no special rights to have any points
clarified, main or otherwise.
I get very excited about some things tha 1
do in the classroom, only to look upon a Sf*a
of students who are completely dead, int< 1-
lectually speaking. Most of them just want o
know what's going to be on the next test.
I have put in considerable effort in ma: y
ways with my classes, just to have my fa e
kicked in on these teaching evaluation forn s
I have given of my time generously in r y
office and invited feedback from studen ,,
but to little avail. Far from motivating me o
do a better job, these evaluations make r ie
want to give up.
Let's end this silly double standard. 11 n
expected to draw you out, but you, in tu n
can help drawme out. Let's haveaco-opei i-
tive endeavor; don't ask me to complete y
surrender my identity by being a robot pre i
rammed to meet every one of your demand
Naturally, I speak only for myself in t! s
epistle.
Jay Delkin, MA't I
University of Western Ontan >,
London, Ontan >
30