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Morphologic and metabolic data of Philaenus spumarius froghoppers Bergman, Elisabeth; Green, Emma; Matthews, Philip
Description
<b>Abstract</b><br/>
The xylem sap of vascular plants is an unlikely source of nutrition, being both nutrient poor and held under tensions (negative pressures) that can exceed 1 MPa. But some insects feed on xylem sap exclusively, extracting copious quantities using a muscular cibarial pump. However, neither the strength of the insect’s suction, nor the direct energetic cost of xylem ingestion, have ever been quantified. <i>Philaenus spumarius</i> froghoppers were used to address these gaps in our knowledge. Micro-CT scans of its cibarium and measurements of cibarial muscle sarcomere length revealed that <i>P. spumarius</i> can generate a maximum tension of 1.3 ± 0.2 MPa within its cibarium. The energetic cost of xylem extraction was quantified using respirometry to measure the metabolic rate (MR) of <i>P. spumarius</i> while they fed on hydroponically-grown legumes, while xylem sap excretion rate and cibarial pumping frequency were simultaneously recorded. Increasing the plants’ xylem tensions up to 1.1 MPa by exposing their roots to polyethylene glycol did not reduce the insects’ rate of xylem excretion, but significantly increased both MR and pumping frequency. We conclude that <i>P. spumarius</i> can gain energy feeding on xylem sap containing previously reported energy densities and at xylem tensions up to their maximum suction capacity.</p>
Item Metadata
| Title |
Morphologic and metabolic data of Philaenus spumarius froghoppers
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| Creator | |
| Date Issued |
2021-06-24
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| Description |
<b>Abstract</b><br/>
The xylem sap of vascular plants is an unlikely source of nutrition, being both nutrient poor and held under tensions (negative pressures) that can exceed 1 MPa. But some insects feed on xylem sap exclusively, extracting copious quantities using a muscular cibarial pump. However, neither the strength of the insect’s suction, nor the direct energetic cost of xylem ingestion, have ever been quantified. <i>Philaenus spumarius</i> froghoppers were used to address these gaps in our knowledge. Micro-CT scans of its cibarium and measurements of cibarial muscle sarcomere length revealed that <i>P. spumarius</i> can generate a maximum tension of 1.3 ± 0.2 MPa within its cibarium. The energetic cost of xylem extraction was quantified using respirometry to measure the metabolic rate (MR) of <i>P. spumarius</i> while they fed on hydroponically-grown legumes, while xylem sap excretion rate and cibarial pumping frequency were simultaneously recorded. Increasing the plants’ xylem tensions up to 1.1 MPa by exposing their roots to polyethylene glycol did not reduce the insects’ rate of xylem excretion, but significantly increased both MR and pumping frequency. We conclude that <i>P. spumarius</i> can gain energy feeding on xylem sap containing previously reported energy densities and at xylem tensions up to their maximum suction capacity.</p> |
| Subject | |
| Type | |
| Notes |
Dryad version number: 2</p> Version status: submitted</p> Dryad curation status: Published</p> Sharing link: https://datadryad.org/stash/share/2xTHm-5ZA9tFxdN2OB-B48ipUnVPoZbaQkJc0q4CnM0</p> Storage size: 196528</p> Visibility: public</p> |
| Date Available |
2021-06-23
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| Provider |
University of British Columbia Library
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| License |
CC0 1.0
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| DOI |
10.14288/1.0398523
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| URI | |
| Publisher DOI | |
| Rights URI | |
| Aggregated Source Repository |
Dataverse
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Licence
CC0 1.0