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Bolnick, Daniel I.; Otto, Sarah P.

<b>Abstract</b><br/>Dispersal moves individuals from patches where their immediate ancestors were successful to sites where their genotypes are untested. As a result, dispersal generally reduces fitness, a phenomenon known as “migration load.” The strength of migration load depends on the pattern of dispersal and can be dramatically lessened or reversed when individuals move preferentially toward patches conferring higher fitness. Evolutionary ecologists have long modeled nonrandom dispersal, focusing primarily on its effects on population density over space, the maintenance of genetic variation, and reproductive isolation. Here, we build upon previous work by calculating how the extent of local adaptation and the migration load are affected when individuals differ in their dispersal rate in a genotype-dependent manner that alters their match to their environment. Examining a one-locus, two-patch model, we show that local adaptation occurs through a combination of natural selection and adaptive dispersal. For a substantial portion of parameter space, adaptive dispersal can be the predominant force generating local adaptation. Furthermore, genetic load may be largely averted with adaptive dispersal whenever individuals move before selective deaths occur. Thus, to understand the mechanisms driving local adaptation, biologists must account for the extent and nature of nonrandom, genotype-dependent dispersal, and the potential for adaptation via spatial sorting of genotypes.; <b>Usage notes</b><br /><div class="o-metadata__file-usage-entry"><h4 class="o-heading__level3-file-title">blackwater lake stream morphology</h4><div class="o-metadata__file-description">Here we provide the data table required to recreate Figure 1 from Bolnick and Otto, "The magnitude of local adaptation under genotype-dependent dispersal," published in Ecology and Evolution. The data table presents clinical data of threespine stickleback across a lake-stream interface, demonstrating remarkably abrupt transition in phenotype between these habitats. The data comes from samples collected and measured as described in Bolnick,D.I. L. Snowberg, C. Patenia, O. L. Lau, W. E. Stutz, and T. Ingram. 2009. Phenotype-dependent native habitat preference facilitates divergence between parapatric lake and stream stickleback. Evolution 63:2004-2016. However, the analyses in the present figure 1 of Bolnick and Otto are a novel reanalysis of that prior data.</div><div class="o-metadata__file-name"></div><div class="o-metadata__file-name"></div></div>

Vancouver Island

Dryad version number: 1</p>

Version status: submitted</p>

Dryad curation status: Published</p>

Sharing link: https://datadryad.org/stash/share/n7pQVOVeHmgNH8t2w0IKJ3xyNVp5www2bDkl1VxXrqc</p>

Storage size: 35320</p>

Visibility: public</p>

University of British Columbia Library

10.14288/1.0397830

https://doi.org/10.5683/SP2/NOGVB1; https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.5tt4r

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