PROVINCE OF BRITISH COLUMBIA DEPARTMENT OF THE ATTORNEY-GENERAL Annual Report of the Inspector of Gaols For the Year Ended March 31st, 1952 VICTORIA, B.C. Printed by Don McDiarmid, Printer to the Queen's Most Excellent Majesty 1953 To His Honour Clarence Wallace, C.B.E., Lieutenant-Governor of the Province of British Columbia. May it please Your Honour: The undersigned has the honour to present the Annual Report of the Inspector of Gaols for the year ended March 31st, 1952. ROBERT. W. BONNER, A ttorney-General. A ttorney-General's Department, Victoria, B.C., December 17th, 1952. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Introduction 7 Oakalla Prison Farm— Men's Section 8 Women's Section 9 Gaol Libraries, Men's and Women's Sections 11 Young Offenders' Unit 12 Nelson Gaol 15 Kamloops Gaol 17 Prince George Gaol— Men's Gaol 18 Women's Gaol 19 Report of the Librarian 19 Forestry Camp 22 Staff-training 24 Report of the Provincial Probation Branch 25 Appendix— Statistics of Institutions 29 Statistics of Provincial Probation Branch 36 Report of the Inspector of Gaols, 1951-52 Hon. R. W. Bonner, Q.C, Attorney-General, Victoria, B.C Sir,—I have pleasure in submitting the Annual Report covering the Provincial Gaols for the year ended March 31st, 1952. In submitting this Report, I would like to make reference to several new developments which took place during the last fiscal year. Of particular interest in this connection was the experiment which took place in co-operation with the British Columbia Forest Service, Department of Lands and Forests, where we conducted a forestry camp to which a group of eleven young offenders were released from the Young Offenders' Unit of Oakalla Prison Farm under provision of the " Ticket of Leave Act." This experiment proved to be very interesting and, I feel, productive of good results. Mr. R. M. Deildal, Assistant Probation Officer, was in charge of the project. His report, which is quoted below, is an excellent account of the experiment and a valuable reference document. The rehabilitative aspects of such a programme were brought out. It was also proved it is possible for a project of this type to be conducted co-operatively. It is hoped that as a result of our experience during the past year we will be able to enter into a more extensive programme of this nature next summer. Another feature of the year's work which should be mentioned is the Young Offenders' Unit, Oakalla Prison Farm. We have now completed a full year of the programme in that institution, and I am quite pleased with the developments which have taken place. It was unfortunate that Mr. T. A. Camm, who started in with this Unit as Director, found it necessary to relinquish his position because of ill health. Mr. B. J. C. McCabe, who had been formerly Classification Officer of the Unit, was promoted to the top administrative position, and while there have been, and probably will be for some time, difficulties of organization because of the fact that this type of programme is something decidedly new, I feel that, by and large, we have made definite progress. One of the recommendations of the Commission Report called for the completion of a job analysis of prison personnel at Oakalla Prison Farm. This was carried out in co-operation with Mr. Williscroft, of the Civil Service Commission. It is hoped that the results of this will assist in arriving at a more satisfactory salary scale and also a type of organization of the Gaol staff which will make for a more extensive treatment programme for inmates. The institution of a staff-training programme for staffs of Oakalla (Men's and Women's Gaols), Young Offenders' Unit, and New Haven is a new venture well in keeping with modern penological thought. Mr. H. G. Christie, who conducted this training programme with the co-operation of the University of British Columbia, has reported on results herein. The Occupational Therapy Programme in the Women's Section at Oakalla Prison Farm is going ahead very satisfactorily under the direction of Miss Maybee. I hope that a similar programme may soon be afforded to inmates of the Women's Gaol, Prince George. The first full year's report on the part of Mr. Konrad Egilson, Librarian for the Gaol Service, is of interest and is to be commended because of the very fine analysis given concerning the state of the libraries in the various institutions and the suggestions made by Mr. Egilson regarding what might be done to make this particular part of the institutional facilities of greater value in a total training programme. U 8 BRITISH COLUMBIA On the whole, I feel that we have made considerable progress during the past year, and that if plans which have been formulated for next year can be carried out, the reorganization of our Gaol service should go ahead fairly rapidly. It is to be hoped that before long we will be able to announce the appointment to such key positions as full-time Medical Officer, Chaplains (both Protestant and Roman Catholic), Psychologist, Deputy Warden (Treatment), a school-teacher, and a social worker, some of these to be attached directly to the staff of the Inspector of Gaols and others to be attached to the staff of Oakalla Prison Farm. These above positions, with the exception of the Chaplains, have been advertised, and we are hopeful that, as a result, suitable persons will be found to fill them. With the addition of this personnel, together with additional supporting staff, in our Gaol Service, we will move forward into an era of constructive programme and treatment. Included in this Report is a resume of the development of the Provincial Probation Branch, together with statistical tables showing number of new cases dealt with during 1951—52 compared with other years since inception of the Branch. There are also figures showing Courts served and number of referrals by Courts. This report has been included in this form because it is the first printed account concerning this Branch, and it is felt that as a matter of record some historical resume should be presented. The statistical reports covering all phases of the programme, detailed information concerning inmates, and some facts concerning personnel, as well as statement of expenditures and costs per capita, covering Oakalla Prison Farm, both Men's and Women's Gaols, Nelson, Kamloops, and Prince George are attached. OAKALLA PRISON FARM Men's Section Warden J. Millman reports as follows: — " I beg to submit herewith Gaol reports, Men's and Women's Sections, for the fiscal year ended March 31st, 1952. The annual returns for all prisoners received during the year are being forwarded under separate cover. Also, please find enclosed statements covering operation of the Sheet-metal Plant, Laundry, Shoemaker-shop, Tailor-shop, Paint-shop, Women's Gaol, a summary of Gaol punishments for the year, a complete inventory of live stock and equipment, a report of library statistics, and a report covering the first year's operation of the occupational-therapy programme in the Women's Gaol. " The statements of revenue and expenditure indicate that owing to adverse conditions such as poor root-crops, higher cost of feeds, loss of the poultry flock through Newcastle disease, etc., the farm operations have resulted in increasing deficits in every section except the piggery, but the picture in so far as the shops and industries are concerned is much brighter, and profits from that quarter offset the farm losses with a comfortable margin to spare. " The fiscal year ended with the Sheet-metal Plant still not operating in its new quarters in the Quonset hut due to insurmountable difficulties of manufacture. These are, however, gradually being ironed out, and commencement of operations in the new quarters in the near future appears to be assured. " New construction for the fiscal year included renovation of a former large woodshed into a well insulated and ventilated vegetable-storage shed similar to those in use at the Provincial Mental Hospital, and which will, I think, be a vast improvement over previous storage facilities; a new fire-hall; installation of an 8-inch sewer-line; surface water line and four manholes from the new boiler-house; a chain link fence around the Young Offenders' Unit; concrete floor in the Blacksmith-shop; extension of the library in the main building and new shelving throughout; alterations to the Paint-shop; and general maintenance and repairs. REPORT OF INSPECTOR OF GAOLS, 1951-52 U 9 " Construction of our new boiler-house got under way late in 1951 and is destined to be in operation sometime during the summer of 1952. " The population of the recently established Young Offenders' Unit has not increased as rapidly as anticipated, the Director of that Unit claiming that a greater number of youths cannot be handled without increases in staff. It is understood that this problem is presently under consideration by the Department, and it is to be hoped that the Unit will be operating at full or near-full capacity before the end of the next fiscal year. " The report of the Librarian is indicative of the continued enthusiasm and enjoyment with which this phase of prison life is received. The increasing circulation is due in no small part to the wide selection of reading provided in all fields, and the new Librarian is to be commended for his efforts in this connection. " The Occupational Therapy Programme in the Women's Gaol under the direction of Miss Maybee has exceeded our expectations. Operations in some directions are limited due to lack of funds available for materials, but the sale of finished articles under the auspices of the Elizabeth Fry Society has been a very material help in this connection. The interest shown by those inmates participating in the programme would indicate that it is well worth while, and it is to be hoped that it will soon be found possible to institute a similar programme in the Men's Gaol. " General behaviour and health of the inmates in both Men's and Women's Gaols is relatively the same as the previous year. Health and medical services are very satisfactory, with the exception of dental treatment, and I again recommend that some provision be made to employ a dentist on a part-time basis to provide free dental service to the extent of alleviating suffering amongst the inmate population. " Overcrowded conditions in both Men's and Women's Gaols are, of course, an old story now, but I would be remiss in duty if I did not once again bring this matter to the attention of the Department and urge that action be taken in the immediate future to provide additional prison accommodation either at Oakalla or some other point to relieve this situation. " In referring to my previous annual report, it will be noted that I made eight recommendations for major improvements to the Gaol. I regret that to date none of these recommendations have been carried out, and I strongly urge that they be given early and favourable consideration. I further recommend that immediate steps be taken to enlarge and modernize the dairy. The present structure is totally inadequate to process the ever-increasing quantities of milk produced on the farm and to make the butter required for the institution. " In conclusion, I wish to take this opportunity of commending both the male and female staffs for their loyal support and co-operation despite the oftentimes trying conditions resulting from our overcrowding and lack of adequate facilities. I also wish to extend my thanks to the Salvation Army, the Roman Catholic Chaplain, the John Howard Society, the Church of England Ministry, the Elizabeth Fry Society, and the Alcoholics Anonymous group for their splendid efforts on behalf of the social and spiritual welfare of our inmate population." Women's Section Mrs. E. Inkster, R.N., Matron in Charge, in reporting on activities of the Women's Gaol for the year, gives the following details:— " I hereby submit a report of the work and activities of the Women's Gaol for the fiscal year 1951-52. " Population Average daily 55.926 Average monthly 1705.75 U 10 BRITISH COLUMBIA " Culinary "A total of 61,080 meals was served. The usual extra rations were served at Easter- Thanksgiving, Christmas, and New Year's. " Edibles canned were as follows: 120 quarts of sauerkraut, 30 quarts of dill pickles, 308 quarts of mainly pickles, and 8 quarts of celery relish. "Arts and Crafts Class "Old material and scraps made into rugs, slippers, etc., 431 articles. New institutional material made up into aprons, nightgowns, uniforms, etc., 683 articles. Alterations on inmates' own personal clothing, 54 articles. Inmates' own materials such as dressmaking, knitting, leatherwork, shellwork, etc., 682 articles. Practice work included art, correspondence courses, costumes, crocheting, knitting, lampcraft, leatherwork, petit point, picture-framing, rug-making, silver-wire jewellery, table decorations, tatting, upholstery, etc. Progress during the first year of operation of the Arts and Crafts Department has been extremely satisfactory. There is no behaviour problem with inmates whose interests are completely captured. Cramped conditions hamper the work and make correspondence courses impractical. " Library " Library books have been issued each Monday and Friday throughout the year. Each inmate is allowed two books and one magazine bi-weekly. The Library is an extremely popular unit and is by far our best recreational project. Our average circulation is 649 monthly. In April, 1951, the Library contained 945 books, and 80 new books were added, making a total of 1,025 books. " We appreciate the splendid co-operation which Mr. Egilson, Librarian, has shown us. " Mending " Men's Gaol.—Repairs done for the Men's Gaol were as follows: — Articles Miscellaneous 285 Socks 18,052 Hickory shirts 3,207 Underwear 4,996 Jackets 969 Men's pants 6,943 Total 34,452 " Young Offenders' Unit.—Total articles mended amounted to 1,226. " New Haven.—Total articles mended amounted to 639. " Women's Gaol.—Wearing-apparel made from new material, 130 articles; repairs made to miscellaneous garments, 992 articles. " Laundry " During the year 24,751 articles were laundered. We are lacking facilities, which accounts for not handling larger amounts of our laundry, but we would prefer to do our own entirely. "Health " The general health of inmates was excellent. The Gaol physician made bi-weekly visits, and a doctor and nurse from the Provincial Venereal Disease Clinic made weekly visits. There were eight inmates infected with syphilis and fifty-four with gonorrhoea. These inmates were treated with penicillin; also three of the inmates were treated with streptomycin. REPORT OF INSPECTOR OF GAOLS, 1951-52 U 11 " Hospital " There were four inmates hospitalized during the year. " Recreation " Miss Grace Walton, Provincial recreation instructress, has continued giving weekly instruction to the inmates in basketball and square dancing. She has had very favourable response from the inmates. " Mrs. R. C. Weldon continues to do her good work by showing the girls a movie, followed by a lecture, each month, under the auspices of the Women's Christian Temperance Union. " Church Services " The attendance at the weekly church services is fair. The monthly services of the John Howard Society have a favourable influence over the inmates. " Major and Mrs. Wagner, of the Salvation Army, are continuing to do valuable work in rehabilitating inmates by accommodating them at the Receiving Home until they find employment. Mrs. Wagner helps us out greatly in any required transporting of inmates. " There are Roman Catholic morning services twice each month. " Discipline " The percentage of drug addicts and the number of inmates is still increasing steadily, which has made it absolutely impossible to segregate the various types of inmates. The conduct for the past year has been fairly good in spite of all of these adverse conditions. " Recommendations " We are in desperate need of the extension to the building over the kitchen. This has already been considered. The number of prisoners with long sentences is still increasing, and the sentences are becoming longer. There are far too few single cells for each of these to occupy. Our overflow annex at Prince George is also overcrowded now; we are still transferring large numbers of inmates whenever it is possible for them to be accepted. We are using every available space to the best possible advantage, but still we have very little space left for Arts and Crafts activities. The machines, rug-frames, and quilt-frames, etc., require a great deal of space, which we cannot spare without the extension to the building. We are not able to have looms in operation. " Summary " We feel that in spite of all of our handicaps we have had wonderful co-operation from female staff, male staff, outside societies, churches, and also most of the inmates, enabling us to have a fairly progressive year. " The Arts and Crafts Programme, which the Elizabeth Fry Society fostered, is a great asset and has definitely aided in improving the behaviour and contentment of the inmates. " In conclusion, Sir, I wish to thank you and all of your administrative staff for your valuable advice and assistance with all of our numerous problems." GAOL LIBRARIES, MEN'S AND WOMEN'S SECTIONS Mr. Konrad Egilson, the Librarian for the Gaol Service, in reporting on the libraries in both the Men's and Women's Sections at Oakalla Prison Farm, gives a statistical summary of circulation of both fiction and non-fiction in these two institutions. These figures are shown below. U 12 BRITISH COLUMBIA During the course of the year the floor area of the Men's Prison Library was enlarged by 200 square feet. Fluorescent lighting was also installed. As a result of this increase in floor area, it was possible to have an extra 312 feet of shelving added. The combined circulations of the Men's and Women's Prison Libraries for the year ended March 31st, 1952, was 57,134. The Men's Prison Library accounted for 49,176 of this total. This breaks down into four categories: Inmate reading (fiction and non-fiction) and staff reading (fiction and non-fiction). Inmate fiction reading amounted to 41,428 and non-fiction to 7,048. Staff fiction reading was 392 and non-fiction 308. Circulation for the Women's Prison Library breaks down into the same four classes. Inmate fiction was 3,466, with non-fiction 844. Staff fiction was 1,562, with non-fiction 1,257. In addition to this, a count was kept of magazine circulation, and it amounted to 829. Total fiction for all classes in both institutions was 46,848. Total non-fiction was 9,457. In the same period the Men's Library received 967 new accessions. This did no more than maintain the Library stock, as large numbers of books had to be withdrawn from circulation because of the need for rebinding. The Women's Prison Library received 136 new accessions. In addition to the above, Mr. Egilson has submitted a complete annual report covering all libraries in the Provincial Gaols. This report appears in a later section. YOUNG OFFENDERS' UNIT Mr. B. J. C. McCabe, Director in Charge, reports as follows:— " I beg to submit the following report on the operation of the Young Offenders' Unit for the fiscal year ended March 31st, 1952. In submitting this report, I would like to draw to your attention the fact that my appointment to the Young Offenders' Unit as Director did not take effect until April 14th, 1952. " The year commenced with an inmate population of thirty-six inmates. The average population for the fiscal year was fifty-two. Unfortunately, some escapes took place, which were largely due to the inexperience on the part of the staff at that time, and another factor was that the majority of the type of inmates received were ex-Industrial School boys, who had been transferred on account of their escapes from that institution. The general behaviour of the inmates while in custody was not very satisfactory during the first few months of operation, but a slight improvement was noticed as a fuller programme was organized. " The general health of the inmate population was very good. The facilities of the Prison surgeon were used, as also was the Out-patients' Department of the Vancouver General Hospital, which co-operated to its fullest. The inmates, by appointment, were permitted to attend the ear, eye, nose, and throat, dental, and orthopaedic clinics. " In one instance, through the efforts of the aforementioned agency, one youth left the institution after a successful operation had been made on his arm, thereby giving him the use of three fingers on his right hand. " The daily food ration for the institution was increased and improved on recommendation of the Provincial Nutritionist, who visited the institution on several occasions and gave valuable advice. "As the building occupied by the Young Offenders' Unit was new, there were no major problems regarding replacements, but an enlargement was made to enable the Vocational Training Programme to extend its quarters by completing a section in the basement of the institution, and it is now possible for at least two automobiles to be taken care of at the same time. Two small Quonset huts adjacent to the main building were put in order and made into an upholstery and radio shop. REPORT OF INSPECTOR OF GAOLS, 1951-52 U 13 " Considerable work has been done on the playing-field, making it available, by digging away the hard-pan, for use of football and baseball games. " Vocational Training "During April, 1951, the Vocational Training staff included a diesel course, a partial cooking course, an academic study course, and a maintenance group. This programme was carried on until July, 1951, at which time a regular school-teacher was attached to the staff, and great interest was shown by the inmates in securing correspondence courses under the supervision of the school-teacher. During the month of September, an upholstery instructor, who at that time was a member of the staff, set up a shop in a Quonset hut. It was not until December that a mechanics and woodworking instructor was added to strength, and the Vocational Training Programme continued to improve from that date. " The Trades Programme is under the general supervision of Mr. W. Holland, who also instructs in diesel. He and his staff have developed a good knowledge of the needs of the youpg inmates sent to the institution and, in many cases, have been instrumental in guiding these youths to accept training that would prove valuable to them on their release from the Young Offenders' Unit. " The school-teacher, who is also a certified wireless and radio operator, directs a course in radio, which is available to all inmates who can keep up with the course. Inmates with at least Grade X standing have proved the most satisfactory students to date in many instances. " It is impossible to give an inmate a complete course in a trade due to, in some instances, lack of space and, in a very small percentage of cases, lack of sufficient time to serve on the sentence. However, the courses have been of great value, inasmuch as they have assisted the youth in securing employment in which he could continue the training he had commenced in the institution in a private business firm. A few of the inmates have returned to take a vocational course in the evening—two in radio operation, three to upholstery firms—and five or six have entered the armed services and will be continuing their courses commenced while in the Young Offenders' Unit. " The standard of the vocational instructors has been kept at a fairly high level, and all appear to be proficient in their respective trades. During the past twelve months they have gained a fair amount of knowledge in handling the many different types of inmates that make up the institution, and although the supervisor instructors are not completely sure of the proper approach, they appear to be quite willing to learn and consequently have attended different lectures by outside authorities. " It will be noted, however, that the institutional cook has not been able to give a complete course in cooking due to his other work, but an improved course will be arranged by the coming year. " The Vocational Instruction Programme commences at 8 in the morning and terminates at 3 in the afternoon, at which time the Socialization Programme is supervised under Mr. O. Walling. The vocational instructors are well aware of the necessity of the Socialization Programme and are becoming better acquainted with the type of work Mr. Walling is doing. " Shortly after the Upholstery Course was inaugurated, work from the Vancouver Court-house was sent to the institution, and by March, 1952, numerous chairs for the Supreme Court were upholstered to the satisfaction of the Court. " Socialization "Up until July, 1951, there was no definite programme under the heading of socialization. The shifts were operated on a straight basis, but since Mr. Walling became attached to the institution, a definite programme in this regard has been organized. U 14 BRITISH COLUMBIA A sports programme commences at 3 p.m. and usually continues until dinner-time. The evening programme consists of discussion groups, games, library, hobby work, and individual guidance of the inmate by the unit supervisor. " The building houses six units of thirteen boys, each under a supervisor, who is constantly with this group and guides the group to work as a unit. Their problems are discussed, and they are taught to respect one another's point of view and, in general, accept the basic rules of society. They are taught to share their tobacco and such, and on some occasions even share their discussions and problems with each other. An entirely different approach is used during this afternoon and evening programme. The meal is served with the supervisor at the head of the table, with each inmate helping himself to the food on the table. Manners and cleanliness and so forth are part of this socialization course. Difficulty was experienced when this system was first inaugurated. This difficulty was anticipated due to the fact that many of the inmates were quite anti-social or had a feeling that being in gaol was ' big shot.' However, through the efforts of Mr. Walling and his staff a greater breakdown in this feeling was in evidence, and it is felt that he has had a fair amount of success in changing the attitude of the inmates toward society. " The afternoon staff consists of young men who have certain university training or who have been proficient in the field of physical education and group work. They, as the morning staff, attend different lectures given by outside authorities and have gained knowledge of how to work with our inmates from these courses. Weekly staff meetings are held usually under the direction of Mr. Walling or the Director reviewing both phases of the treatment programme. The staff understand that both groups are essential in endeavouring to work out a rehabilitation plan for the youths under their supervision and realize the necessity for co-operation. " Classification " The Classification Officer has been a member of the staff since the institution opened. It was his duty as a social worker to make all the necessary contacts with regard to the inmate's welfare, to visit the home, to arrange for employment, and, in general, to counsel the youth on an individual basis. Each inmate on his reception was interviewed by this officer, and no matter what length of sentence he had, his personal release plans were discussed and then either augmented or carried out on the lines of the inmate's suggestions. The Classification Officer attended to all the contacts with other agencies, both health and social, and assisted the inmates in determining their suitability for the different trade courses available. It was even necessary at times for the Classification Officer to assist in straightening out staff matters so as to ensure a more harmonious feeling toward staff of the institution. " In securing employment, the National Employment Service and other agencies co-operated fully, but it was found that a personal contact by the Classification Officer or a member of the staff made a better impression with an employer who intended to place an ex-inmate in his firm. In this respect a vote of thanks is made to the Salvation Army, the National Employment Service of both New Westminster and Vancouver, Bob Cawston of the staff of the John Howard Society, and to the many private citizens who are well known to the Classification Officer for their assistance and guidance in the placing of these youths. During the last fiscal year there have been only two occasions when employment was not secured on release of inmates. Many agencies, such as the United Church Welfare, St. Vincent de Paul Salvage Bureau, and many private individuals have assisted with their donations of clothing for needy inmates who, without the kindness of these organizations, would not have had sufficient clothing to leave the institution. " During February, 1952, Mr. T. A. Camm, who was Director of the Young Offenders' Unit since its inception, became ill and under doctor's advice was granted leave of absence to take employment in a different section of the Prison Service. Six members of REPORT OF INSPECTOR OF GAOLS, 1951-52 U 15 the institutional staff have also resigned since April, 1951; two returned for further university education and four were unsuitable for the type of work undertaken at the Young Offenders' Unit. " It is only fitting at this time that a remark should be made regarding the many types of inmates sent to the Young Offenders' Unit. As you are no doubt aware, the physical aspects of the institution are closely confined, and consequently the segregation is not as good as it could be. Every type of inmate, from the normal person to the psychopathic, is housed in the one building, and unit segregation on occasions has been made quite difficult due to our present housing facilities. This condition is also a drawback to the treatment programme, as one individual can see the treatment of another, and unless he is aware of the problem of his fellow inmate, he may sometimes question the different approach used with one youth and not with the others. However, it is realized by the Director and the staff of the institution that the authorities are well aware of this condition, but it was felt that this problem should be mentioned briefly in the Annual Report." Staff of the Young Offenders' Unit is as follows: Director; Chief Custodial Officer; Classification Officer; Vocational Officer; Educational Officer; Supervisor Clerk; Supervisor Cook; Supervisors, Custodial (6); Supervisors, Group Work (6); Supervisors, Instructors (4); and Night Guards (2). The table below shows the manner in which inmates have been occupied during the year:— April, 1951, to June, 1951 Per Cent Diesel 50.0 Kitchen 10.0 Maintenance 24.0 Study 16.0 September, 1951, to November, 1951 Per Cent Diesel 36.2 Kitchen 10.3 Maintenance 24.1 School 19.0 Upholstery 10.4 July, 1951, to August, 1951 Per Cent Diesel 46.3 Kitchen 9.9 Maintenance 21.9 School 21.9 December, 1951, to March, 1952 Per Cent Diesel 14.8 Kitchen 13.0 Maintenance 11.1 School 20.4 Upholstery 14.8 Motor mechanics 11.1 Woodworking 14.8 NELSON GAOL In reporting on activities of the Nelson Gaol, Warden A. Tulloch has the following to say:— " During the past year the number of prisoners has decreased from the year before due to the fact that no uprisings of the Doukhobors had to be handled at this institution, but our extreme difficulty is still to be able to obtain suitable trusties to perform the necessary duties in the Gaol. "Staff Changes " There have been several changes in the staff during the year. Senior Guard A. Tulloch was promoted to the rank of Warden, Second Class. The other changes were the employment of four additional men; the first two were ex-Constable George Blaney and ex-Constable William Sharun to the ranks of First- and Second-class Guards respectively. The estimates for this year provided for the employment of a Guard-Cook, and U 16 BRITISH COLUMBIA this position was taken by Mr. Robert Walden, who later was released from this position after proving unsatisfactory, but was again filled by Mr. Michael Ganzert as a Probationary Guard-Cook. Guard Donald J. Potosky was taken on permanently as a Fourth- class Guard on May 1st. "The staff at present is made up as follows: Alex. Tulloch, Warden (in charge of Gaol); Andrew Niven, First Guard (office duties); Robert G. Thompson, First Guard (general duties); George S. Blaney, First Guard (general duties); John H. McGinn, Second Guard (general duties); William Sharun, Second Guard (general duties); Frank H. Doyle, Third Guard (general duties); Donald J. Potosky, Fourth Guard (general duties); and Michael J. Ganzert, Probationary Guard (kitchen cook). " Population " The population at the beginning of the year was 25. There were 371 inmates received and 361 inmates discharged, leaving a total of 35 prisoners in the Gaol at the end of the fiscal year. The peak of the inmate population was 45 and the lowest 16. The daily average for the period was 30.7, as against 34.7 for the previous year, a decrease of 4. " Welfare and Recreation "As in past years, the inmates not working with the outside gang are allowed the freedom of the cell blocks during the day and, when weather permits, one hour of exercise is allowed in the exercise-yards daily except Saturdays and Sundays. Due to finding certain articles in the large cell block that could lead to an escape, all individual locks were put back into service and all prisoners are locked up at 5 p.m. daily. The radio is still controlled from the Gaol office at the same hours as in past years, and the prisoners have various programmes to listen to until the lights are turned out by the guard on duty at 9 p.m. " Religious Services " The Salvation Army still continues to hold services every Sunday morning between 10 and 11, and the Pentecostal Assembly meets on every second Sunday of each month, with a good percentage of the inmates attending both of these services. " Medical Care "Again the general health of the prisoners in the past year has been very good, with no hospital cases to report. We have been very fortunate, with so few cases requiring segregation from other inmates. These needing attention were attended to by the Gaol surgeon, Dr. F. M. Auld, either at his office or in the Gaol office. The provision for all inmates to have chest X-rays for tuberculosis is still being carried on, with only two cases of this disease being detected. However, our facilities here for handling the sick parade are still extremely limited, especially when the doctor has both male and female prisoners to examine. " Farm Work " Prison labour in the Gaol garden produced vegetables to the estimated value of $649.58, this being an increase over last year when no garden was planted due to having the Doukhobors in the Gaol annex and using the garden space for recreation purposes. Although the garden has produced the above estimated value, the statistics show that it cost more to feed the inmates this year than last year. This increase in costs is largely due to the rise in costs of materials. " Maintenance and Construction " The only construction carried out this year was the repairing of the observation cell after it was damaged by those insane inmates held therein over a period of time. This work was done by the Public Works Department and was painted by prison labour. REPORT OF INSPECTOR OF GAOLS, 1951-52 U 17 " On August 15th a sprinkling system was completed and checked by the local fire chief and is now in working-order to handle fire in all or any one of the three buildings. " On May 7th all walls in the kitchen, church-room, furnace-room, and laundry were scraped of all whitewash and painted in a powder-blue colour trimmed in black; all this work was carried out by prison labour. Other painted surfaces had been washed several times during the year by prison labour. " Discipline " Taking everything into consideration, the discipline in the Gaol this year has been very good, with no breach of the prison regulations to report." KAMLOOPS GAOL Warden W. T. Teal, in his resume concerning activities at Kamloops Gaol, reports as follows:—■ " Population " The summary of annual statistics attached hereto shows a slight decrease from the previous year, but the number of days' stay of prisoners shows a marked increase. This and a further increase in the number of arrests by the Royal Canadian Mounted Police has taxed our facilities and accommodation to the utmost. " Maintenance and Construction " 1. The general maintenance was done by prison labour. The painting and decorating of the Gaol was deferred owing to the electric wiring in this portion of the building being condemned by the Fire Marshal. " 2. We completed a new fence around the Gaol, Provincial Home, and Provincial Offices property. The two-car garage used for the Provincial Home station wagon and Provincial Home Superintendent's car was repaired, a foundation and concrete floors being put in. " 3. The prisoners, under Deputy Warden J. D. H. Stewart, rocked, straightened, and cleaned the debris from the channel of Peterson Creek for approximately 1 mile. This creek flows through the east boundaries of the Gaol property. " 4. In the fall we cut and hauled approximately 30 cords of wood (apple, maple, birch, elm, and fir) from the Royal Inland Hospital ground. Letters of appreciation have been received from the secretary of the hospital for the work completed on the hospital property. " 5. The Gaol, Provincial Home, Provincial Court-house, and Provincial Offices lawns and flower-gardens have been maintained and improved by the prisoners under the direction and supervision of the Deputy and Mr. A. Merridew, Provincial Home gardener. " 6. The fence around the Provincial Home cemetery was removed and the dead trees and other debris burned. We also excavated and refilled twenty-two graves at the Provincial Home cemetery. " Farms and Gardens " The Gaol gardens produced a good yield of vegetables, and it was not necessary to purchase any vegetables until March, 1952. " The hay-crop was exceptionally good, and two crops of alfalfa were cut and baled for the Tranquille Sanatorium farm. " Medical Care " The general health of the prison population was good, the exception being a mild epidemic of bronchial and pneumonia diseases in February and March owing to the inclement weather. U 18 BRITISH COLUMBIA " Welfare and Recreation " We have no facilities for any recreation at this Gaol. The Library has been used extensively by the prisoners during the past year. " Religious Services " The Gaol has no facilities for collective religious service owing to our institution being used also as an R.C.M.P. lockup. " Escapes and Recapture "We had four inmates escape from the Gaol gardens on July 28th, 1951. The Deputy Warden assisted in the recapture of one in the City of Kamloops on the same day, one was picked up by the Royal Canadian Mounted Police in Kamloops later that night, and two were recaptured by the Royal Canadian Mounted Police at Ashcroft on July 29th, 1951. " Discipline " Discipline has been well maintained throughout the year, and breaches of prison rules and regulations amounted to twenty-five. In six cases, charges were laid before me for offences committed under the regulations. In all cases a plea of guilty was entered. The remaining nineteen cases were of a minor nature, and the offenders were reprimanded. " Summary " I must again draw your attention to the Gaol and the Gaol precincts. The locale is, in my opinion, too congested for the continued safe operation of a gaol and of prisoners confined therein. I would respectfully suggest that every effort be made to move this institution to a more suitable site." PRINCE GEORGE GAOL Men's Gaol Warden W. Trant states:— " During the year the conduct of the prisoners was good. A total of three prisoners during the year was sentenced to solitary confinement of eight hours or less. The Gaol was painted inside twice during the year with prison labour. A garden lot was planted at the rear of the Gaol, which kept three prisoners busy during the growing season. Three or four more prisoners worked at cleaning the Gaol car and police cars during the summer. In winter, five or six prisoners worked daily cleaning the snow from the sidewalks and parking-lot at the Government Building. One prisoner cleaned the office and three looked after dish-washing, serving meals, etc. One prisoner looked after a hot-water heater. " The Guards worked well during the year and obtained co-operation when working prisoners. Two prisoners remodelled an old desk and office counter, making them into furniture that is a credit to the office. They also remodelled the kitchen and built a first- aid cabinet. During the year one Guard was reprimanded, but the offence was not serious enough to warrant suspension. "During the year 917 prisoners were booked in and 314 transferred to Oakalla Prison Farm. One hundred and sixty-four prisoners were released by payment of fines. This makes a lot of office work and necessitates one Guard-Clerk working in the office steadily. " The Public Works Department put a foundation under the building and levelled the floor, as it had sunk over 6 inches in places. They also built a storm-porch for winter. " The Gaol here is not adequate. Sometimes the Royal Canadian Mounted Police bring twelve prisoners from the city lockup in one day as well as prisoners arriving from outside points." REPORT OF INSPECTOR OF GAOLS, 1951-52 U 19 Women's Gaol Miss F. Zepik, Matron in Charge, submits the following report:— " This institution has had a fairly good year. Our low month was in January, with an average daily count of 19.2, and our high month was March, with a daily average count of 41. " The co-operation of the prisoners has been good, and breaches of discipline have not been too serious. They try by willing work and behaviour to show appreciation for recreation provided, films by the local Film Board, and music by local orchestra members who have come in to play for the girls several times. On May 24th they produced a play written by some of the girls. They made their own costumes and scenery out of Gaol discards. On July 1st they produced a ballet, again with remnant costumes. During the dull weather they have a weekly whist party. " Church services are still held monthly by the Salvation Army. At Christmas and Easter, Roman Catholic services were held at special request of the prisoners. " Our clinic is still in the able care of Dr. J. G. McKenzie. We have at times had quite a lot of sickness. In February and March we had to take epidemic precautions— measles, chicken-pox, and scarlet fever being quite prevalent in the town, and several cases in the homes of the Matrons. We were fortunate to have only one case of measles, and we had one case of chicken-pox last summer. Several cases of surgery have been absolutely necessary. Our doctor's co-operation is greatly appreciated. His speedy action saved the life of a severe gastric hemorrhage case in March. " We have not had the extra sewing from the hospital this past year, but have been doing all the laundry from the Men's Gaol. Very much has been done in handicrafts, and the display at the Prince George Fall Fair was of the best. It included baking and garden produce as well as canning, of which we did 485 quarts in September. " Some repairs needed about the building were done during the year, with more to be done during the next year. A high wind broke part of the fence supports, and some new parts were put in on the south wall. The whole wall was checked and found weak. The roof was resurfaced but has leaked badly at times since. " To the Department we extend our thanks for its co-operation in putting the staff on a permanent basis, and for giving us an understanding and sympathetic Warden." In commenting on the above report submitted by Miss Zepik, Warden Trant, who is responsible for supervision of both the Men's and Women's Gaols, states: " During the past year the exhibit for display at the Prince George and District Agricultural Fair of canning vegetables and needlework was a credit to the institution. I would also state this institution had a good year under the able supervision of Miss Zepik, Matron in Charge, and a competent staff of Matrons and Guards." REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN, PROVINCIAL GAOL SERVICE Mr. Konrad Egilson, Librarian, reports as follows:— " There had been no Librarian for nine months; none of the previous year's appropriation for books had been spent. In the month from accepting the position until the new fiscal year commenced, two urgent tasks had to be completed: an inventory of what books there were in the system had to be taken, and the appropriation had to be spent. Both these were accomplished. " Since each institution has its own particular problems, and since the details of library administration have been worked out to meet these individual conditions, some short consideration of the different institutions may be of value. Men's Prison Library, Oakalla Prison Farm " This library is the largest in the whole Department, caters to the largest population, and is therefore the most important consideration. It was set up by the Vancouver Public Library, and Mrs. J. C. Clucas had been in charge of it. U 20 BRITISH COLUMBIA " This library is entirely run by inmates—trusties who act as librarians. Since it was not possible for the inmates to select their own books personally, an elaborate system had been worked out to get around this difficulty. In the first place a mimeographed catalogue of all the books in the library had been made up and distributed through the building. On entering the institution, each inmate is given a blank card on which he is required to list at least thirty titles from the catalogue which he would like to read. This is turned in to the inmate librarian in charge of the wing, who takes it to the library, selects a title from the thirty or more on the card from the shelves, strokes it off the card, and later in the course of the day takes this book to him. The book, when taken off the shelf, is both stamped with the date due back and also entered on an individual card as being charged out to the inmate. Because the most popular books got the greatest number of calls, they either wore out first or were so badly worn that they had to be put aside for rebinding first. Consequently, these books, even though they were still being carried on the catalogues, were no longer available when asked for. The catalogues were therefore no longer indicative of the true state of the library stock, and new catalogues were required. " During the year more floor and shelf space for the library was asked for, and 200 square feet of added floor space and 312 feet of additional shelving were obtained. Fluorescent lighting was also installed. " The book-stock is definitely in need of some binding work being done on it. However, since there seems to be a definite possibility now that a binder will be forthcoming, it is worth while to wait until that eventuality materializes. Nine hundred and sixty-seven new titles have been added to the shelves in the past year. " Women's Prison Library, Oakalla Prison Farm " This library, though small, is in the best state of repair and the best looked after of any of the Department libraries. It is under the direction of a staff member, Miss E. Maybee, with inmate help. Of course, the population is small, which in part accounts for the good state of repair of the books, but they have been well looked after. " Because the number of borrowers from this library is small, it is possible to dispense with some of the procedures in lending out books which are necessary in a larger set-up. The women are allowed to come in and choose their own books, which is a tremendous advantage, especially from the standpoint of them as borrowers. One of the chief pleasures of a library is to be able to browse and select books to read. The number of books which have been added to this library in the last year is not large—136 in all— but is sufficient to maintain the stock. Books for occupational therapy, such as leather- craft books, have been purchased, as well as some others. A fairly large number of magazines are subscribed to and seem to be quite widely read and distributed, something which is possible with such a small unit. " Young Offenders' Unit " This Unit came into existence during the course of the year, just after the beginning of the fiscal year, as a matter of fact. There was a small nucleus of books which had been chosen for what had been known at Oakalla as the " Star Group." When this group was moved into its own building and became a separate institution, these books came with them. The basic appropriation for library was a small one and did little to augment the slender stock. One hundred and ninety-nine new titles were added during the year. " The responsibility for the library on the part of any one particular member of the staff of the Young Offenders' Unit has not been settled owing to the fact that in accordance with the policy of continuing the programme on a group work basis, it is felt that the supervisor of each group or unit should be responsible for the use of the library for the members of his group. This has led to some difficulty in working out a definite policy as to the distribution of books. Furthermore, it has interfered in some respects in the REPORT OF INSPECTOR OF GAOLS, 1951-52 U 21 keeping of proper library statistics and has called for some readjustment in the use of this service in the total programme of the institution. However, the matter will be worked out in due course, and it is hoped by next year it will be possible to report a very satisfactory arrangement in connection with the library in this particular institution. There is no question about its popularity and the constructive use to which the books have been put, but it is hoped that it might be possible to arrive at a better arrangement in the use of this facility in the total programme. "New "Haven " The New Haven library organization is in keeping with the idea that the whole matter of taking out books should be casual as if it were a home library. The book appropriation is large enough to maintain the book-stock which was established by Mr. C. K. Morison, Superintendent of the Public Library Commission. Thirty-eight new books were catalogued and added during the year. This does not indicate the number of books which the library received during the year because some books were added without being catalogued, a practice which has been discontinued. The basic collection has not been catalogued—another task awaiting opportunity for completion. " Women's Gaol, Prince George " This institution has a small appropriation for books and magazines. The Librarian has been in correspondence with Miss F. Zepik, Matron in Charge, but has no first-hand knowledge of conditions in the library there. " Men's Gaol, Nelson " This institution has a small appropriation for books and magazines, but the Librarian has only correspondence knowledge of actual conditions in the library. " Boys' Industrial School and Girls' Industrial School " Mention is made of the above two institutions because the Librarian also provides services to these two schools. This is as a result of an interdepartmental arrangement which was worked out at the time of the appointment of a Librarian. The only result as far as the Gaol Service is concerned is that the amount of work that it is possible to do for the Gaols has been lessened somewhat. However, to date the arrangement seems to be working out satisfactorily. " The Future " To date the library service has not been integrated with any educational programme and its use as part of staff-training facility is in a very rudimentary stage. This, however, is an easy thing to remedy, and as the policy of staff-training is proceeded with and worked out through the co-operation of the University, greater attention will be paid to the purchase of books which can be used in a programme of this type. The co-operation of the Librarian is available at all times for this purpose. " It is hoped that very soon it will be possible to appoint a school-teacher to the staff of Oakalla Prison Farm, and that the development of any formal educational programme which comes into effect will be done in co-operation with the library facilities. This will mean a shift in emphasis in the purchase of books. At the present time at least two-thirds of the books being bought are primarily for recreational reading. " Some attention will be given in the next year to the matter of statistics. While statistics themselves are not of any value merely as statistics, they will be of great use, for example, to the Medical Officer, the psychologist, to the social worker, and also to the school-teacher. Also, it is hoped that the library may be used in some way in research and in classification. " There seems little doubt that a facility that is now being developed—the appointment of a full-time Librarian and the generosity which has been accorded to this part U 22 BRITISH COLUMBIA of the programme through the provision of funds in the various institutional budgets— will mean that library services will play a much more important part in the total Gaol training programmes as time goes on." FORESTRY CAMP Mr. R. M. Deildal, Supervisor in Charge of the Forestry Camp, submits the following report:— " On June 18th, 1951, a group of eleven young offenders, whose ages ranged from 18 to 22 years, were released from the Young Offenders' Unit of the Oakalla Prison Farm and taken to a forestry camp on the upper reaches of the Kettle River in the Monashee Pass, 55 miles east of Vernon. The youths were discharged in custody under the provisions of the ' Ticket of Leave Act.' The party was flown to Penticton by Canadian Pacific Airlines and from there were transported by a chartered bus to the camp area. " The camp was set up by the British Columbia Forest Service of the Department of Lands and Forests. Its organization was similar to that of the boys' camps that that Department has had in operation for the past few years. The Forest Service personnel in the camp included a foreman and a cook. "All of the boys were serving gaol sentences of at least one year. Not all were first offenders. In fact, some were serving their second terms in gaol, and others had records of delinquency as juveniles. It was the purpose of the programme to provide them with the opportunity of spending part of their sentence in constructive employment. The duration of the programme was three and a half months, and at the end of September the youths were discharged to the supervision of the Provincial Probation Branch. " The boys were at all times under close supervision and were limited in their freedom of action. Each boy was, however, responsible for his own custody, since no means of detaining him were available should he choose to leave camp without permission. " Work " The main work project for the summer was the completion of an 8-mile road from our camp to Fish Creek, which enters the Kettle River to the south. The forest is quite dense in this area, and the group spent several weeks falling and slashing the trees on the right-of-way for the road. During the last three weeks of the period the Forest Service sent in bulldozers, graders, trucks, and other road-building machinery, and began the actual construction of the road. The boys assisted in this work, acting as ' swampers ' on the trucks, spreading gravel, etc. " It proved to be an indisputable fact that when the youths were kept busy at work, their general deportment and conduct was at its best, and at these times they appeared to be happiest. " The offenders were paid for their work by the Forest Service. Each boy was paid at the rate of $3 a day plus board. Of his daily wage, $2.50 was deferred until his discharge, and 50 cents a day was given to him as spending money. " Discipline " In general, satisfactory discipline was maintained, both at work and during the recreational time. There were, however, a few occasions when it was necessary to deprive individuals or the group of privileges because of unsatisfactory conduct. Fortunately, no misdemeanours were sufficiently serious to warrant the sending of anyone back to Oakalla. " On two occasions there were absences from camp without permission. In the first instance two boys hitch-hiked to the town of Edgewood and returned later in the evening. Two days later four others left camp for several hours. The offenders were punished by a deprivation of privileges for two weeks and the imposition of extra duties. There was no recurrence of this type of misconduct. REPORT OF INSPECTOR OF GAOLS, 1951-52 U 23 " On August 2nd one boy deserted the camp and the Royal Canadian Mounted Police were informed within a few hours after his disappearance. He was apprehended and returned to the Young Offenders' Unit as a violator of the terms of his ticket of leave. " There were frequent disciplinary problems of a minor nature, such as lateness for work, occasional insolence, and neglect of duties. However, these situations were dealt with without much difficulty. " Recreation " The camp was situated in an area that provided excellent opportunities for recreation. Within a radius of a few miles there were lakes and streams abounding with fish. It was a fine country for hiking and exploring, and in the Kettle River and the near-by Mclntyre Creek one could pan gold colours. It was a disappointment to find that these youths indicated no genuine interest in the out-of-doors life. They refused to take advantage of the opportunities for fishing and exploring, but preferred to go to town or remain in the camp area and read and talk. " The Librarian of Oakalla Prison Farm and New Haven provided the camp with a selection of fifty pocket-size books. A careful record was made of the circulation of the books, and the condition of each after three months of wear and tear. Nearly all the boys made frequent use of the library, and it was found that at the end of the period the books were in surprisingly good condition. " The Forest Service provided baseball and softball equipment. Little use was made of this, largely because the land around camp was not suitable as a playing area. The boys were allowed to use the fishing-tackle which belonged to the supervisor and foreman, and the Forest Service offered to secure more tackle, but this offer was not taken advantage of due to the general lack of interest in fishing. " Fire-fighting " During part of the month of August the group was engaged in fire-fighting. There were two major fires—one on the Lower Arrow Lake and the second several miles west of the camp-site. For some time the group was split, half being on the Arrow Lake fire and the remainder on the other fire. The boys took their places on the fire-fighting lines along with the residents of the local villages. They worked long hard hours and made a very favourable impression on the men with whom they worked. Prior to the fires there was very little community acceptance of the boys when trips were made outside the camp, but afterwards a marked change in attitude toward them by the residents of Needles and Edgewood was noticed. "After the fires were over, it was found that the group had been classified as a fire- suppression crew by the Forest Service. For a while there was some question as to whether the boys would receive fire-fighters' pay. Eventually it was decided that they should receive their regular wages for the first eight hours of each day spent fighting fires. For the hours worked each day in excess of the first eight, they received fire pay at the rate of 75 cents an hour. After the fire season was over, the boys received cheques ranging in amount from $35 to $65, depending on the number of days worked. Regarding the future forestry programme, it is deemed advisable to make similar arrangements for fire pay. This year each individual received his fire-pay cheque direct from the Forest Service, with the result that there was some difficulty in controlling the spending of the money. It is recommended in future such payments should be made to the deferred account of the individual. " Employment " Discussions were held with each boy regarding his plans for employment after his discharge. It was thought to be very important that each should have the opportunity to go to a suitable job immediately after his release from the camp. An attempt was made U 24 BRITISH COLUMBIA to obtain jobs that would be within the limits of their training and capabilities. Some of the lads presented good work histories; others had histories of frequent changes of jobs, arising from lack of motivation at work, misconduct, and inefficiency. After observation of all youths on the work project, it was possible to make an evaluation of each individual's work habits. With the co-operation of other Probation Officers, the Young Offenders' Unit, National Employment Service, and other employment agencies, most of the boys were able to make a choice of two or three job prospects. This was a successful aspect of the programme because within a few days after discharge all the boys were placed in suitable employment. "Administration "As there was no precedent to go by, no definite rules and regulations had been drawn up for the administration of the camp, and these had to be worked out as the programme progressed. The division of authority between the representative of the Provincial Probation Branch and the Forest Service officials caused some slight confusion, but most of the difficulties in this respect were resolved without any trouble. Close cooperation between Mr. Deildal, the Supervisor, and Mr. Haggart, the Forest Ranger and the foreman of the camp, took place at all times, and frequent consultations were held. It is recommended, however, that discussions at a higher level take place before the opening of the camp next year and a definite set of rules and regulations be drawn up and a clear-cut policy laid down. "Before going to camp, each boy was given an issue of clothing and equipment. The cost of the issue was deducted from his deferred pay. The camp foreman set up a commissary in which the boys were able to purchase tobacco and chocolate bars. Of the daily wage, each boy was advanced 50 cents, the rest being deferred until the camp programme closed. The amount of commissary purchases that was allowed to each inmate was $1.50 each week. In general, this commissary arrangement worked out fairly satisfactorily." Credit for the success of this experiment should be given to the British Columbia Forest Service personnel, Nelson District. They were at all times very co-operative and helpful and took a sincere interest in attempts made toward the rehabilitation of the boys. The relationship which existed between Mr. Deildal and the Forest Service representatives was one of utmost co-operation, and it is felt generally that the first year's experiment in the forest-camp programme for young offenders was a successful one. STAFF-TRAINING Mr. Hugh G. Christie, in charge of staff-training for the Gaol Service for the fiscal year 1951-52, submits the following:— " In the fiscal year 1951-52 a grant was made to the University of British Columbia by the Attorney-General's Department, making possible the appointment of a full-time University lecturer in criminology. The services supplied to the Department by the University were in the form of advice on the social-work aspects of administration and lectures to the staff of the Gaol Service. " The advice on administration took the form of regular meetings with the senior staff of the Young Offenders' Unit to assist in the organization of the institution as a treatment centre for more reformable youths. Although the University consultant had no authority to enforce his advice, the discussion which arose from this interjection of the theoretical along with the practical points involved resulted in more logical planning. The Young Offenders' Unit is at present unquestionably one of the most hopeful experiments in institutional treatment existent in Canada. " The staff-training portion of the work for the Department took the form of lectures to the Young Offenders' Unit, the New Haven Borstal staff, and the staff of the Oakalla Prison Farm. All staff at the New Haven Borstal participated in weekly evening discus- REPORT OF INSPECTOR OF GAOLS, 1951-52 U 25 sions, which, because of their informality and the smallness of the group, reached a higher level than study in the other institutions. In the Young Offenders' Unit the lectures were carried out during afternoon sessions with good success. The lectures here were, however, more concerned with the application of modern methods to be applied in their new organization. Here, as in the Borstal unit, the response to the idea of additional training in correctional work was good. In the main prison at Oakalla, however, the problem of carrying on staff-training was more difficult. The pressing staff shortage and the absence of suitable lecture-rooms made the arrangement of classes difficult, and the interest in training seemed far less evident than in the units dealing with the more reformable groups. " The first class of approximately forty officers was not made compulsory and followed the same mimeographed lecture material used in the other institutions. The largeness of the classes and the wide discrepancy between the methods discussed and actual practice in Oakalla made acceptance of the material difficult. An examination held at the close of these lectures indicated that, except in a few cases, very little knowledge had been gained. This course was therefore made compulsory for all staff, and although the same method of lecturing was used, the examination held at the termination of lectures showed a marked increase in the standing of the 120 men involved. A few of the staff refused to write the examination, and the marks ranged from zero to 100 per cent. These tests were not expected to measure more than the man's interest and ability in absorbing the theory of modern correctional work and, therefore, could not be considered as a measure of an officer's suitability for many forms of prison work. The type of knowledge involved in the lectures given was, however, basic to any modern treatment programme, and it, therefore, will be interesting to see in the future whether there is any relationship between the ability to understand theory and the ability to do successful work. " It appeared obvious throughout the lectures at Oakalla that the classes would have been more effective if handled in smaller informal groups. It is recommended that classes in the future contain no more than twenty staff members, and that the discussion rather than the lecture method be encouraged. "An experiment in teaching University students, both male and female, the fundamentals of institutional work was also attempted at the Young Offenders' Unit. Classes of selected criminology students were admitted to the institution in the evenings twice weekly, where they were instructed in the proper methods of supervision. These students later, although accompanied by regular staff, took over supervision of inmate activity with an unusually high degree of success for all concerned. This project seemed to be a a particularly valuable type of field work for University students planning to enter the field of criminology. It also provided a means of assessing their aptitude in a practical way. The enthusiasm of inmates for this opportunity to mix with people from outside made this a valuable contribution to the programme, which I would recommend for other years. " This year's experiment in using University staff to assist in staff-training at a prison seems to indicate that the method has unquestionable merit. The fact that the Oakalla administration was not under any obligation to accept the ideas presented avoided any disurbance to the institution's routine. The presence of a person to carry out training, who was in no way subservient to the prison, guaranteed the free and uninhibited discussion of theory and practice. It would seem that if this method of training is continued, it will undoubtedly make a creditable contribution to the improvement of correctional work in British Columbia." REPORT OF THE PROVINCIAL PROBATION BRANCH The present Provincial Probation Branch has developed from the appointment of a Follow-up Officer on May 1st, 1942. This appointment followed a modification in Government policy occasioned by the stresses and changes brought about by the war. U 26 BRITISH COLUMBIA New Haven, the training-school for young offenders, was closed at the end of April, 1942, as a sufficiently large number of young offenders suitable for training in this institution was not being received at Oakalla Prison Farm. With the closing of New Haven, the Star Class at Oakalla was strengthened, and one of the main functions of the Follow-up Officer was to assist time-expired releasees to become readjusted to society. It had long been realized that the provisions of sections 1081, 1082, and 1033 of the Criminal Code could not be completely implemented until the Courts had available an officer to whom they could turn for pre-sentence investigations and under whose supervision they might place offenders to whom a suspended sentence was granted. The Follow-up Officer assumed these two responsibilities for the Courts of the Greater Vancouver area, but concentrated primarily on the Vancouver Police Court, as probation facilities were available to the Judge of the Vancouver Juvenile Court. The Follow-up Officer has always been responsible to the individual Magistrates and Judges, but he was initially responsible to the Inspector of Gaols for administrative purposes, and reports concerning his activities were sent to that Department. As time passed, the Follow-up Officer came to be known as the Probation Officer, and with the passing of the Provincial " Probation Act" in 1946 the duties and responsibilities of the Provincial Probation Officer and his assistants were clearly defined. The original Follow-up Officer laboured by himself without stenographic assistance from May, 1942, until February, 1945, when stenographic help was made available to him. In October of the same year the first assistant to the Follow-up Officer was appointed, and following this appointment, Courts in the New Westminster, Burnaby, and Richmond areas had available the services being given to the Vancouver Police Court. In April and November, 1947, two more Assistant Provincial Probation Officers were added to the staff and a branch office was opened at Abbotsford, which gave probation services to all the Courts in the Lower Fraser Valley. Following the appointment of another Assistant Probation Officer in October, 1948, a second branch office was opened this time in Victoria, and probation services were made available to the Courts on Vancouver Island. The year 1949 was another year of expansion. With the appointment of an assistant in May, it was possible to establish a branch office at Vernon. A second assistant was appointed in June, and this officer assisted in the Vancouver Court, as referrals from this Court had increased to the point that one person could not keep up with the demands made for services. During the year 1950 a further appointment made possible the opening of a branch office at Nanaimo in August. Early in this year the Provincial Probation Officer was appointed as one of the three members to act on a Commission to inquire into the correctional facilities of the Province and to make recommendations regarding needed changes. Following the recommendations of this Commission, the Provincial Probation Officer was appointed to the position of Inspector of Gaols on March 1st, 1951. In July, 1951, further additions were made to the staff, and, as a result, it was possible to open a branch office at Penticton and also to establish an office in Nelson. That same summer, because of a decision to experiment with a forestry-camp programme, a further addition was made to the Probation staff, and supervision of this project was taken over by this Department. As a result of the appointment of the Provincial Probation Officer to the position of Inspector of Gaols mentioned above, it was felt that some additional assistance in the work of the administration of the branch was necessary. During the fall of 1951, Mr. C. D. Davidson, who had been in charge of the Victoria branch, was given the appointment to the position of Chief Assistant Provincial Probation Officer. Following this appointment, Mr. Davidson moved to Vancouver, his place in Victoria being taken by Mr. A. E. Jones. Coincidental with this move, new accommodation for this branch was found in the Parliament Buildings. REPORT OF INSPECTOR OF GAOLS, 1951-52 U 27 In November, 1951, an agreement was made with the Municipality of Burnaby whereby the Provincial Probation Branch would supply probation services to the Burnaby Juvenile Court, at a fixed monthly charge. This agreement has been beneficial to both parties and has made it possible for this municipality to have the services of a trained officer with the resources of the Probation Branch at his disposal. During the years of the expansion of the Provincial Probation Branch the number of Courts to which services have been given has increased to the point that by the end of March, 1952, 102 individual Courts had received services. There has been a steady increase in the number of referrals from the Court of Appeal, occasioned perhaps by the amendment to section 1081 of the Criminal Code, which gave this Court the power to place convicted offenders on probation. Of the 591 offenders placed on probation under the supervision of the Provincial Probation Branch during the fiscal year of 1951, 406 came from Juvenile Courts, but some of this group were adults who were charged with contributing to the delinquency of a juvenile. In the rural areas there is a greater need for juvenile probation services than for services in the adult field, whereas in urban areas the services of the Branch are almost exclusively in the adult field as the individual jurisdictions have made provision for their own juvenile probation services in accordance with the requirements of the " Juvenile Courts Act." The lack of adequate detention facilities for juveniles in rural areas, apart from the lockups used for adults, is a matter of real concern to the Probation Officers as well as the Juvenile Court Judges and police. It is hoped that in the future a solution to this problem can be found. The appended statistical report indicates that almost as many pre-sentence reports are prepared on offenders who are not placed on probation as are prepared on those who eventually receive probation from the Courts. This is not wasted effort, however, as the pre-sentence reports are forwarded to the institutions concerned and are utilized as the basis of the treatment plan for the inmate. Another important aspect would seem to be that Magistrates and Judges are relying on the pre-sentence reports to assist them in the imposition of sentence to the end that worthy cases receive the best remedial treatment. The ruling philosophy of the Provincial Probation Branch is " constructive treatment on an individual basis." As at March 31st, 1952, the staff of the Provincial Probation Branch was as follows:— E. G. B. Stevens, Provincial Probation Officer. C. D. Davidson, Chief Assistant Provincial Probation Officer. Assistant Provincial Probation Officers R. J. Clark, Vancouver office, serving Burnaby and Richmond areas. G. G. Myers, Vancouver office, serving Courts of Vancouver. E. H. B. McGougan, Nanaimo office, serving the upper part of Vancouver Island. A. E. Jones, Victoria office, serving the lower part of Vancouver Island. J. M. Putnam, Abbotsford office, serving Fraser Valley. D. L. Clark, Penticton office, serving the Southern Okanagan area. A. L. Langdale, Vernon office, serving the Northern Okanagan area. H. W. Jackson, Nelson office, serving the Nelson-Trail area of the Kootenays. R. M. Deildal, Vancouver office, serving the New Westminster area. CONCLUSION This Report should not be concluded without some mention being made of the cooperation which has been given this Department by the many agencies and persons who have given of their time and effort toward the furtherance of programme in the institutions, U 28 BRITISH COLUMBIA the social and spiritual rehabilitation of inmates, and the efforts that have been made to modernize our whole Gaol Service. Particular mention should be made and words of thanks expressed to the John Howard Society, the Elizabeth Fry Society, the Salvation Army, ministers and priests of the various denominations, Probation Officers, and all others who have had occasion not only to visit our institutions regularly, but who have interested themselves in individual inmates. The Warden and executive officers of all our Gaols, the Matrons and the Guards are once again to be commended for the loyalty with which they have carried out their duties. In closing, I would like to make the following recommendations:— (1) The suggested additions and alterations to the main Gaol building at Oakalla Prison Farm should be pushed forward immediately. (2) Immediate provision should be made for additional temporary accommodation at Oakalla. (3) The construction of a new Gaol, as recommended in the Commission Report, should be expedited. (4) Considerable study should be given to the desirability of improving Gaol facilities at Nelson, Kamloops, and Prince George. (5) Early consideration should be given to the removal of the Women's Gaol from the present site at Oakalla to an alternative site where there would be room for a larger building to give greater accommodation or where there would be an opportunity for the construction of a cottage-type institution. (6) Every consideration should be given to the expansion of the present Probation Branch. Requests for the furtherance of this service have been received from other parts of the Province, and it is recommended that these requests be granted. I have the honour to be, Sir, Your obedient servant, E. G. B. STEVENS, Inspector of Gaols. REPORT OF INSPECTOR OF GAOLS, 1951-52 U 29 APPENDIX ANNUAL REPORT ON GAOLS FOR THE YEAR ENDED MARCH 3 1st, 1952 Oakalla Young Offenders' Unit Nelson Kamloops Prince George Totals 1. Total number of county gaols in B.C 2. Total expenditure for gaol maintenance in B.C.— Year ended March 31st, 1952 Year ended March 31st, 1951 3. Average total maintenance cost per day per prisoner— Year ended March 31st, 1952 Year ended March 31st, 1951 Average dietary cost per day per prisoner— Year ended March 31st, 1952 Year ended March 31st, 1951 4. Number of prisoners committed—- Year ended March 31st, 1952 Year ended March 31st, 1951 $827,302.04 698,097.57 $3.20 2.26 $0.76 .59 5,983 5,969 $124,164.67 $41,358.27 37,198.45 $6.97 | $3.84 2.29 $0.97 99 $0.73 .60 371 591 $27,794.27 15,313.65 $2.99 1.98 $0.65 .53 810 733 $79,761.55 58,304.63 $4.20 2.94 $1.24 .62 1,105 910 $1 ,100,380.80 750,609.67 $4.09 2.37 $0.91 .59 !,368 i,203 I. Movement of Population, Year Ended March 3 1st, 1952 Oakalla Young Offenders' Unit Nelson Kamloops Prince George Total On register, April 1st, 1951.. Received— From gaols and lockups.. By transfer- By recapture By revocation of licence By forfeiture of ticket of leave- By internal movements Insane Juveniles Deportation From bail Committed for trial- Sentenced Totals- Discharged— By expiry of sentence- By ticket of leave By deportation By pardon By escape By death.. By payment of fines By release of Court order (including bail). By transfer- By internal movements- Totals On register, March 31st, 1952- 757 4,927 41 5 838 6,740 3,766 27 11 17 5 5 166 642 420 835 5,894 846 33 95 1 1 1 25 215 1 12 4 1 1 143 804 132 396 22 23 2 10 6 11 1 182 5 22 5 139 75 361 57 35 23 40 137 60 1 907 1,145 535 146 15 108 514 3 194 45 315 808 25 74 878 5,375 114 11 2 1 2,693 9,246 5,019 55 14 19 19 5 528 716 859 975 1,071 8,209 1,037 • U 30 BRITISH COLUMBIA II. Commitments 1950-51 1951-52 Decrease Increase Murder Manslaughter Crimes— Against the person. Against property „ Against public morals and decency Against public order and peace Other offences not enumerated above.. Insanity.. Number of prisoners sentenced Number of days' stay of prisoners Average number of prisoners per month.. Average number of prisoners per day Escapes.. Escapes and recaptured- Deaths in gaols 10 242 1,637 494 3,316 393 25 6,860 333,034 27,814 914 10 7 9 14 16 237 1,689 148 4,702 560 26 7,062 363,150 24,342 893 19 11 5 5 346 3,472 21 52 1,386 167 1 802 30,016 III. Sex Oakalla Young Offenders' Unit Nelson Kamloops r>r:nr-e George Total 4,505 425 95 201 14 731 79 917 192 6,449 710 Totals. 4,930 95 215 810 1,109 7,159 IV. Educational Status Illiterate _ 206 3,150 1,489 85 56 39 33 107 74 1 96 600 112 2 326 641 131 11 661 4,554 1 845 College or university _ _ 99 Totals .... 4,930 95 215 810 1,109 7,159 V. Nationality (Place of Birth) British— 3,722 532 11 93 175 21 754 26 889 64 16 5,633 643 Tnfqls 4,265 93 196 780 969 6,303 Foreign— 185 389 31 60 2 8 10 1 4 26 27 107 1 5 226 Europeans 532 33 65 665 2 19 30 140 856 4,930 95 215 810 1,109 7,159 VI. Habi TS AS TO 1 Jse of Intoxicants 419 1,403 3,108 43 41 9 206 11 34 765 18 270 821 491 1,757 4,911 Totals . 4,930 95 215 810 1,109 7,159 REPORT OF INSPECTOR OF GAOLS, 1951-52 VII. Habits as to Use of Drugs U 31 Oakalla Young Offenders' Unit Nelson Kamloops Prince George Total 4,593 337 95 214 1 809 1 1,056 53 6,767 392 Totals 4.930 1 95 1 215 810 1 1.109 1 7.159 VIII. Occupations 135 300 376 1,798 580 38 226 861 266 165 185 1 6 2 44 4 11 27 24 4 30 139 18 123 5 60 589 10 3 20 13 29 188 825 28 1 25 296 344 Domestic.— 656 3,395 640 Professional - — — 42 282 888 266 165 185 Totals 4,930 95 215 810 1,109 7,159 IX. Racial White Coloured Indian Mongolian- Hindus— Totals.. 4,358 46 467 43 16 90 4 1 4,930 95 191 23 1 215 545 4 261 822 2 283 2 6,006 52 1,038 46 17 810 1,109 7,159 X. Civil State Single Married- Widowed .. Separated .. Divorced.. Totals . 3,086 990 151 687 16 89 6 155 47 13 4,930 95 215 516 169 73 52 810 567 396 35 111 1,109 4,413 1,608 272 850 16 7,159 XI. Ages Under 21 years _ 21 to 25 544 571 589 1,088 1,057 753 328 78 17 22 21 41 58 46 22 5 41 117 69 165 249 130 39 62 163 149 327 217 139 52 747 889 ?5 to 3n 848 30 to 40 1,638 40 to 50 1,569 50 to 60 _ - - - _ 1,044 Over 60 424 Totals _ _ . _ 4,930 95 215 810 1,109 7,159 XII. Creeds 1,770 695 636 149 648 167 406 63 58 5 8 17 47 261 30 28 4 7 1 13 1 4 7 103 17 22 41 4 12 1 15 499 71 98 5 10 41 36 2 34 14 630 78 81 39 79 27 105 18 10 42 3,032 Church of England 889 841 193 785 Baptist. - 240 572 84 107 20 8 Buddhist _ - - 17 Others 47 324 Totals 4,930 95 215 810 1,109 7,159 U 32 BRITISH COLUMBIA XIII. Duration of Sentence Oakalla Young Offenders' Unit Nelson Kamloops Prince George Total Under 1 month.. 1 month and under 2 months 2 months and under 3 months 3 months and under 6 months 6 months and under 12 months— 12 months and under 18 months.. 18 months and under 24 months.. Sentenced to penitentiary Probation Stay of proceedings- Unfinished To hang Not guilty Indefinite Suspended Young Offenders' Unit- Quashed Habeas corpus Withdrawn New Haven Dismissed Mental Hospital Totals 2,528 333 218 431 460 188 84 159 6 6 227 2 14 2 72 51 9 2 20 40 63 14 4,930 5 14 41 23 10 95 104 57 27 19 6 215 524 155 54 39 22 4 810 736 137 32 46 47 22 11 7 1 10 11 13 1,109 3,892 682 331 540 549 255 118 167 9 17 227 3 32 12 89 51 9 2 20 40 63 14 7,159 XIV. Previous Convictions 1,665 679 404 270 233 163 137 125 94 82 74 71 68 54 50 45 43 49 62 20 32 24 39 20 240 79 6 102 82 10 3 114 42 20 11 7 9 5 3 _ 1 2 304 124 85 79 44 30 28 15 8 7 5 6 5 7 6 4 4 4 4 3 3 34 641 199 81 39 19 17 12 10 8 8 8 9 5 3 5 1 5 3 4 3 3 4 1 2 1 2,806 1 _ 1,054 2 _ - 3 _ 593 399 4 _ _ — 303 5 _ 6 7 _ _ _ 219 182 153 8 _ _ __ - — 110 Q 97 10 87 11 _ 86 12 - _ 78 11 64 14 62 15 16 50 52 17 56 18 70 20 — 23 21 - 39 23 - - - 30 24 _ 40 26 25 27 - — — - - —- 241 49 - - - 113 60 _ 6 Over 60 - - _ 102 Totals .. 4,930 | 95 215 810 1,109 7,159 66.49 13.68 47.00 42.00 54.72 REPORT OF INSPECTOR OF GAOLS, 1951-52 U 33 XV. Offences for Which Prisoners Were Committed and Sentenced during the Year Commitments Male Female Total Sentences Male Female Total (a) Crimes against the person— Abduction Abortion Assault, common- Assault, felonious- Attempted suicide Cutting, wounding, and attempting same- Shooting with intent Stabbing- Manslaughter- Murder Carnal knowledge Rape with assault with intent to rape- Totals ._ (*) Crimes against property—■ Arson and incendiarism Burglary and housebreaking.. Robbery Forgery— Fraud False pretences- Conspiracy Larceny- Theft of automobile Taking auto without owner's consent- Receiving stolen goods Trespass Totals ._ (c) Crimes against public morals and decency— Bigamy. Indecent assault — Indecent exposure- Gross indecency Incest.. Inmates and frequenters of houses of ill fame Keeping houses of ill fame- Juvenile delinquency Perjury Prostitution Seduction— _ Buggery- Habitual criminal- Totals .. (d) Crimes against public order and peace— Breaches of the " Liquor-control Act " Breaches of the " Excise Act " Breaches of the by-laws Breaches of the " Narcotic and Drug Act' Breaches of the " Motor-vehicle Act " Carrying of unlawful weapons— Cruelty to animals.. Drunk and disorderly Escaping from constable- Escaping from prison Gambling_ Lunatics and persons unsafe to be at large- Nude parading- Obstructing an officer Selling or giving liquor to Indians . Unlawful shooting Vagrancy Cause disturbance — — Totals .. (e) Other offences not enumerated above Grand totals of (a), (6), (c), (d), and (e) - 1 1 70 99 3 6 1 15 13 9 6 224 5 254 126 67 36 142 5 528 146 78 98 18 1,503 4 17 12 3 2 74 3 1 2,298 1 137 134 24 2 153 5 10 17 338 265 109 3,493 415 5,754 1 1 73 103 3 6 1 15 14 9 6 232 2 12 6 3 9 31 4 1 6 1 5 256 138 73 39 151 5 559 150 79 104 19 1 1 1 1 65 3 68 111 6 117 3 3 8 8 10 10 6 6 8 8 1 1 214 | 75 | 1,578 10 4 17 12 3 2 2 76 3 11 119 | 14 | 133 159 118 110 1 63 84 2,457 1 137 252 24 2 263 5 10 18 401 349 109 535 4,028 64 696 479 6,450 3 471 139 154 52 318 4 661 164 85 119 42 1 9 15 3 42 38 1 3 29 18 2 1 2 2 74 3 1 137 2,869 3 162 147 29 2 121 1 34 22 337 163 46 77 104 339 | 1 64 83 6 4,066 544 1,416 67 8,045 743 223 3 472 148 169 55 360 4 669 165 85 127 43 2,212 | 118 I 2,330 3 29 18 2 1 3 2 75 3 3 142 3,032 49 162 224 29 2 225 1 34 23 401 422 6 4,610 1,483 8,788 U 34 BRITISH COLUMBIA XVI. Employment of Prisoners (Per Cent of Population) Oakalla (Men) Oakalla (Women) Nelson Kamloops Prince George (Men) Prince George (Women) 0.245 29.676 2.302 0.575 7.346 12.474 3.014 27.00 3.00 5.00 52.00 9.00 70.390 0.630 33.00 33.00 0.42 90.69 Sick _ ._ 2.82 2.58 Farm and garden 16.078 12.902 20.00 2.20 44.368 47.00 4.00 64.00 4.29 100.000 100.000 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 XVII. Number of Officers and Employees on March 3 1st, 1952 Oakalla Nelson Kamloops Prince George Men's Institutions Warden Deputy Warden, Custody Deputy Warden, Treatment- Gaol surgeon (part time) — Bursar Chief Gaoler Chief Engineer Building Instructor- Warden's Secretary ... Kitchen Steward Senior Guards Foreman Instructor- Social Worker School-teacher Assistant Engineers Guards, Industrial Shops.. Guards, Clerks _ Guards, Farm Guards, Disciplinary.— Medical Attendant Hospital Orderlies Guards, temporary Other male employees- Total male employees.. 3 9 8 3 81 1 3 5 1 10 | 7 | Women's Institutions Matron in Charge.. Matrons Other female employees , Guards, male Total employees . 15 REPORT OF INSPECTOR OF GAOLS, 1951-52 U 35 ITS ON a o % 3 a Q Z W 2. H > o t* h 8 z w p< w Q z < a a z w > s ii o n t/_ o c OE 0 »s o I rt M »-» c- _. 5-a rt 0 — aj rt c ^-! 5 rtO O^ ii vHO\co^frt--csrncsrn'>-i-n,'3-i*ncn.-iir_inoc»-"(sr-- ^■^rNvoovONVOi/.ffioovim'HCC'jnTi- co rs oo C*Ca-r-it-cnmSCrtOsrtrtOsr-ienens--ir- SO Os r-l NOOtnttN rf t- in t-h vo cs oo cs r-oo\ vo -^ i> i> *"d- vo >-<' ■** vo i-* oo oo cs cn cn oo en en rt Os so en tr- ! 1 V, 1 rl VO 1 C- t- 1 ! \en o as i rr cs ! vo oo en vo m rn O O Os ca en vo r-l CS "f m rs OS CA TH ■<* O CS "* o 1 ,-H tn o so cn en j in m CD rt \o © O CS 00 rt rf HO rf tn rt r-l I in t— ro 1 : CD O 1-1 TT 1 in r~ cn 1 io\omniH\oN<»\DT)-in iCArtOOt-imr^rtOOSOCDOO i in tn c- so in cNtHfNH vO O in '* vo n i <n rt oo o 1 m <n cs I rn oo vo cn oo in as c- Os SO rf OS r-- oo Os m m r- oo m C\ m o vo HO\t^ flHOO IfiHrt OrnoocSt-mOcSO'-Hcn oooomtnr-icAincDmcim r^ os ci tr~ tr- cn Os rt CD tr~ Os in <N rt i-l cs <n ■^- 00 00 VO •«* O CS " r"1 cs o oo oo t— r- CS TT 00 CS CS Ol en rf m tr- rt ri CDinenrtOOinOsrtrt t-OsOst-rtr-icACDso mHTfo>HmHO cn vo r- oo ^ o -3- cs m as rt en m rn o o CI ir rs en es O tn >n Os r- O cn © fS cn en cn cs o m Os so l-H 00 m cs •<*■ ^ l-H 00 &9- CS tn <*a « O 'ct O I "2 D. fl Shs3" . iuOHK >5." sa«s >■ H°rt o o H H rt cs v- E_ Q_ *_ 3i3>3;3l Ort BE 5oi KO a> <u U 36 BRITISH COLUMBIA STATISTICS OF PROVINCIAL PROBATION BRANCH Court Referrals from Apr. 1, 1951,to Mar. 31, 1952 Total Referrals from May 1, 1942,to Mar. 31, 1952 Court Referrals from Apr. 1, 1951,to Mar. 31, 1952 Total Referrals from May 1, 1942,to Mar. 31, 1952 Court of Appeal Assize Court, Vancouver County Court, Vancouver Police Court, Vancouver City. _ Juvenile Court, Vancouver City— District Police Court, Vancouver- Police Court, North Vancouver— District Police Court, North Vancouver Police Court, West Vancouver Police Court, University Area District Juvenile Court, Vancouver Juvenile Court, North Vancouver.. Juvenile Court, West Vancouver— Juvenile Court, University Area County Court, New Westminster.— Police Court, New Westminster Police Court, Burnaby Police Court, Richmond Police Court, Port Coquitlam Juvenile Court, New Westminster- Juvenile Court, Burnaby Juvenile Court, Richmond Juvenile Court, Ladner Juvenile Court, Port Moody Juvenile Court, Port Coquitlam— Juvenile Court, Maillardville Police Court, Chilliwack Police Court, Agassiz Police Court, Mission Police Court, Abbotsford Police Court (Surrey), Cloverdale Police Court, Langley Police Court, Haney Police Court, Matsqui Juvenile Court, Chilliwack Juvenile Court, Agassiz Juvenile Court, Mission Juvenile Court, Abbotsford Juvenile Court (Surrey), Cloverdale Juvenile Court, Langley Juvenile Court, Haney Juvenile Court, Matsqui Juvenile Court, Sumas District Juvenile Court, Chilliwack Juvenile Court, Hope Police Court, Penticton Juvenile Court, Princeton Juvenile Court, Penticton— Juvenile Court, Osoyoos Juvenile Court, Keremeos Juvenile Court, Oliver Juvenile Court, Summerland Juvenile Court, Merritt Assize Court, Vernon County Court, Kelowna Police Court, Vernon Police Court, Salmon Arm Police Court, Kamloops Police Court, Goldstream Juvenile Court, Vernon 13 4 17 23 12 15 789 33 12 1 14 4 9 . 1 1 6 41 83 12 1 6 1 8 6 106 13 57 9 6 1 11 21 30 33 77 10 17 1 3 3 36 1 1 9 1 3 1 2 6 10 2 3 1 2 13 50 6 14 8 19 3 18 26 83 16 49 10 19 5 3 4 3 1 1 6 11 15 18 2 2 1 3 7 10 2 3 2 4 1 2 7 17 3 2 1 64 Juvenile Court, Salmon Arm Juvenile Court, Armstrong Juvenile Court, Kamloops Juvenile Court, Kelowna Juvenile Court, Chase— Juvenile Court, Lumby. County Court, Nelson Juvenile Court, Nelson Juvenile Court, Trail Juvenile Court, Rossland Juvenile Court, Creston County Court, Nanaimo Police Court, Nanaimo District Police Court, Nanaimo Police Court, Port Alberni Police Court, Ladysmith Juvenile Court, Nanaimo Juvenile Court, Alberni _ Juvenile Court, Port Alberni Juvenile Court, Ladysmith Juvenile Court, Parksville Juvenile Court, Qualicum Beach .. Juvenile Court, Courtenay Juvenile Court, Campbell River Assize Court, Victoria County Court, Victoria Police Court, Victoria Police Court, Saanich Police Court, Esquimalt District Police Court, Victoria.. County Court, Duncan Police Court, Duncan Police Court, Sidney Juvenile Court, Victoria Juvenile Court, Saanich Juvenile Court, Esquimalt District Juvenile Court, Victoria _ Juvenile Court, Duncan Juvenile Court, Chemainus Juvenile Court, Sidney Juvenile Court, Ganges Juvenile Court, Central Saanich.— Probation— Under 20 years of age Between 20 and 25 years of age- Over 25 years of age Married probationers Single probationers- Total probationers Follow-up cases— Under 20 years of age Between 20 and 25 years of age- Over 25 years of age Married Single Total follow-up cases — Pre-sentence reports (other than probation cases) Total new cases dealt with Social histories prepared (re candidates for New Haven) Miscellaneous 1 5 40 1 2 14 7 7 3 1 16 1 28 3 1 3 3 1 5 10 1 3 3 1 1 16 4 1 496 49 46 40 551 591 22 11 3 30 33 472 1,096 93 74 4 7 3 79 1 1 2 14 7 7 3 1 37 5 3 2 66 4 6 8 1 4 1 9 1 1 64 9 1 1 2 2 3 10 2 1 2 29 6 1 1 4 1,670 399 177 208 2,038 2,245 287 93 14 21 373 394 2,001 4,641 74 REPORT OF INSPECTOR OF GAOLS, 1951-52 Referrals, 1942-52 U 37 m 3 g OV T en rt Os in ! ON vs ON I ON 00 1 Ov O. 3 oo Ov o 3 Ov >n i vs OV CvJ vs 1 Ov 8- "a a 63 24 49 60 56 54 46 57 31 105 50 84 142 61 117 158 35 122 276 36 262 350 28 349 455 14 461 591 33 472 2,246 394 Pre-sentence reports prepared in cases where 2,001 136 170 134 239 320 315 574 727 930 1,096 4,641 VICTORIA, B.C. Printed by Don McDiarmid. Printer to the Queen's Most Excellent Majesty 1953 420-1252-8964
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Annual Report of the Inspector of Gaols For the Year Ended March 31st, 1952 British Columbia. Legislative Assembly [1953]
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Title | Annual Report of the Inspector of Gaols For the Year Ended March 31st, 1952 |
Alternate Title | REPORT OF INSPECTOR OF GAOLS, 1951-52 |
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British Columbia. Legislative Assembly |
Publisher | Victoria, BC : Government Printer |
Date Issued | [1953] |
Genre |
Legislative proceedings |
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Text |
FileFormat | application/pdf |
Language | English |
Identifier | J110.L5 S7 1953_V02_11_U1_U37 |
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Sessional Papers of the Province of British Columbia |
Source | Original Format: Legislative Assembly of British Columbia. Library. Sessional Papers of the Province of British Columbia |
Date Available | 2017-05-24 |
Provider | Vancouver : University of British Columbia Library |
Rights | Images provided for research and reference use only. For permission to publish, copy or otherwise distribute these images please contact the Legislative Library of British Columbia |
CatalogueRecord | http://resolve.library.ubc.ca/cgi-bin/catsearch?bid=1198198 |
DOI | 10.14288/1.0348087 |
AggregatedSourceRepository | CONTENTdm |
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