PUBLIC SCHOOLS OF THE PROVINCE OF BRITISH COLUMBIA Seventy-seventh Annual Report 1947-48 By the Superintendent of Education VICTORIA, B.C. : Printed by Don MoDiarmid, Printer to the King's Most Excellent Majesty. 1049. To His Honour C. A. BANKS, Lieutenant-Governor of the Province of British Columbia. May it please Your Honour: I beg respectfully to present the Seventy-seventh Annual Report of the Public Schools of the Province. W. T. STRAITH, Minister of Education. February, 1949. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION. 1947-1948. Minister of Education: The Honourable W. T. Straith. Deputy Minister and Superintendent of Education: F. T. Fairey, B.A., LL.D. Assistant Superintendent of Education: H. L. Campbell, B.A., M.Ed. Executive Assistant to the Deputy Minister: R. C. Grant, B.A. J. F. K. English, M.A. Greater Victoria. C. G. Brown, M.A., Burnaby. K. B Municipal Inspectors of Schools : B.Paed., , John Gough, M.A., Greater Victoria. William Gray, M.A., North Vancouver. R. S. Shields, B.A., New Westminster. Woodward, B.A., B.Paed., Surrey. Inspectors of Schoo J. E. Brown, M.A., Victoria. J. N. Burnett, M.A., E.D., Penticton. C. L. Campbell, M.A., Nanaimo. T. G. Carter, M.C., Vancouver. Joseph Chell, M.A., Nelson. C E. Clay, B.A., Grand Forks. E. G. Daniels, B.A., New Westminster. C J. Frederickson, B.A., Cranbrook. S. J. Graham, B.A., Dawson Creek. W. H. Grant, B.S.A., B.Ed., Salmon Arm. E. E. Hyndman, B.A., B.Paed, Prince Rupert F. A. Jewett, B.A., Vancouver. F. P. Levirs, M.A., M.S.(Ed.), Telkwa. Is in School Districts: W. E. Lucas, B.A., B.Paed., Trail. V. Z. Manning, B.A., Vancouver. A. S. Matheson, B.A., Kelowna. H. McArthur, B.A., Kamloops. F. A. McLellan, M.A., B.Paed., Kamloops. W. A. Plenderleith, M.A., D.Paed., F.R.S.A., F.C.P., A.M.R.S.T., Nanaimo. H. D. Stafford, B.A., Courtenay. L. B. Stibbs, B.A., Prince George. C. I. Taylor, B.A., B.Ed., Kimberley. B. Thorsteinsson, B.A., M.B.A., Abbotsford. A. S. Towell, M.A., Vernon. A. Turnbull, M.C., M.M., B.A., Chilliwack. STAFFS OF THE NORMAL SCHOOLS. Vancouver: A. R. Lord, B.A., LL.D., Principal. T. R. Hall, B.A., Vice-Principal. F. C. Boyes, M.A. H. B. MacLean. E. B. Broome, M.A., B.Ed. H. H. Grantham, M.A. Miss L. G. Bollert, B.A. H. 0. English, B.A., B.S.A., Principal. H. C. Gilliland, B.A., Vice-Principal. J. F. Hammett, B.A. D. B. Gaddes, B.Mus. Miss M. McManus, Mus.Bac, M.A. Miss M. E. Maynard, B.A. E. G. Ozard, B.A. Miss Stella Shopland, B.A., Librarian. Miss F. I. Burnham. L. E. Brown. Victoria: Miss M. E. Gordon, B.A. Miss M. E. Perry. G. A. Brand, B.A. Miss W. A. Copeland. JJ 6 PUBLIC SCHOOLS REPORT, 1947-48. SPECIAL OFFICIALS. Registrar: T. F. Robson. Assistant Registrar: H. M. Evans, B.A. Director of Technical and Vocational Education: H. A. Jones. Inspector of Technical Classes: C. J. Strong, M.A. Director of Home Economics: Miss Bertha Rogers, B.Sc, M.A. Inspector in Home Economics: Miss M. C. Orr, B.A., B.Sc. Director, Educational and Vocational Guidance: H. P. Johns, M.A. Director, Recreation and Physical Education: Ernest Lee, B.A., B.Sc. in P.E. Director, Visual Education: J. R. Pollock, B.A. Director, School Radio Broadcasts: Philip J. Kitley, B.A. Director, Educational Reference and School Service: Mrs. Muriel Scace, B.A. Director, Summer School of Education: H. P. Johns, M.A. Director, Tests, Standards, and Research: C. B. Conway, B.Sc, M.S., D.Paed. Director, School and Community Drama: H. S. Hurn, B.A. Director of High School Correspondence.: Edith E. Lucas, B.A., D. es L. Director of Elementary School Correspondence: Miss Anna B. Miller. Officer in Charge of Text-book Branch: P. G. Barr. Accountant: S. E. Espley. Chief Clerk: R. D. Smith. Superintendent, School for the Deaf and the Blind: C. E. MacDonald, LL.B., B.S. in Ed., LL.D. TABLE OF CONTENTS. Page. Report of the Superintendent of Education 9 Report of the Assistant Superintendent of Education 27 Report on Normal Schools— Vancouver 30 Victoria 31 Report of the Director of Summer School of Education 33 Report of the Director of Technical and Vocational Education 39 Report of the Director of Home Economics 45 Report of the Director of the Division of Educational Reference and School Service 47 Report of the Superintendent of Schools, Vancouver 49 Reports of Municipal Inspectors— School District No. 61 (Greater Victoria) * 55 School District No. 40 (New Westminster) 63 School Districts No. 44 (North Vancouver) and No. 45 (West Vancouver) 65 School District No. 41 (Burnaby) 66 School District No. 36 (Surrey) . 68 Reports of District Inspectors 70 Report of the Superintendent, The School for the Deaf and the Blind 97 Reports of the Directors of Correspondence Schools— High School and Vocational Courses 99 Elementary Correspondence School 103 Report of the Officer in Charge of the Text-book Branch 106 Reports on Adult Education— Industrial Education 109 Correspondence Instruction— High School 116 Elementary School 117 Recreation and Physical Education 117 School and Community Drama 120 Report of the Director of Educational and Vocational Guidance 123 Report of the Director of School Radio Broadcasts 125 Report of the Director of the Division of Tests, Standards, and Research 128 Report of the Director of Visual Education 132 Report of the Secretary, Local Committee, Strathcona Trust 133 Report of the Commission on " Education of Soldiers' Dependent Children Act"__ 134 JJ 8 PUBLIC SCHOOLS REPORT, 1947-48. STATISTICAL RETURNS. Number of Pupils enrolled by Type of School- Distribution of Pupils by Grade and Sex Page. 9 10 Distribution of Teachers and Pupils according to Different Classes of Schools 10 Teachers' Certificates 11 Comparison of Enrolment and Expenditure for Public Education 11 Comparison of Enrolment and Cost per Pupil to Provincial Government 12 Cost per Pupil on Various Bases fpr the School-year 1947-48 13 Children of Foreign Parentage 14 Number of School Districts 14 Number of High Schools, Divisions, Teachers, and Pupils in each District 15 Number of Junior-Senior High Schools, Divisions, Teachers, and Pupils in each District 16 Number of Junior High Schools, Divisions, Teachers, and Pupils in each District.... 16 Number of Superior Schools, Divisions, Teachers, and Pupils in each District 17 Number of Elementary-Senior High Schools, Divisions, Teachers, and Pupils in each District 18 Number of Elementary-Junior High Schools, Divisions, Teachers, and Pupils in each District 19 Number of Elementary Schools, Divisions, Teachers, and Pupils in each District _____ 19 Number of Schools, Teachers, and Pupils in each Type of School 21 Teachers' Salaries by Type of School 21 Classification of Teachers' Salaries 22 Expenditure for Education for School-year 1947-48 by Provincial Government 23 Expenditure for Education for School-year 1947-48 by School Districts 24 Summary of Enrolment and Average Daily Attendance by Schools in the Various School Districts 137 Recapitulation of Enrolment by Sex and Grades 172 List of Teachers by District and Type of School, showing Salaries 173 Report of the Superintendent of Education, 1947-48. Education Office, Victoria, B.C., February, 1949. To the Honourable W. T. Straith, K.C., Minister of Education. Sir,—I beg to submit herewith the Seventy-seventh Annual Report of the Public Schools of British Columbia for the school-year ended June 30th, 1948. ENROLMENT. The enrolment in the schools of the Province increased during the year from 137,827 to 146,708, and the average daily attendance increased from 121,334 to 129,859. The percentage of regular attendance was 88.51. The number of pupils enrolled in the various classes of schools is shown hereunder:— Type of School. Number of Pupils enrolled. Municipal. Large Municipal. Large Rural. Rural. Total. 8,383 6,087 3,481 5,170 12,546 1,390 1,508 4,146 1,402 42,656 358 3,111 13,911 21,744 4,871 1,182 5,087 11 12,636 61 199 2,751 9,432 1,464 35,447 2,877 Elementary schools 383 91,122 Totals 54,862 68,818 22,385 643 1 146,708 In addition to the numbers given above, there were enrolled in the— High Correspondence School classes, regular students (exclusive of the 2,167 officially registered in high, superior, or elementary schools) Elementary Correspondence School classes, regular students Pupils receiving instruction under section 13 (g) of the " Public Schools Act " 1,269 1,536 39 2,844 Adult education— Classes under the Canadian Vocational Training Programme 8,411 Night-schools 13,746 Vancouver School of Art 968 Vancouver School of Navigation 207 High Correspondence School (adults only) 2,078 Elementary Correspondence School (adults only) 1,333 Recreational and Physical Education Classes 19,283 Carried forward 48,870 9 JJ 10 PUBLIC SCHOOLS REPORT, 1947-48. Brought forward Adult education—Continued. Summer School of Education (1947 session) _ Normal School, Vancouver Normal School, Victoria Victoria College 48,870 1,027 274 148 488* University of British Columbia 9,374+ 60,181 * Includes special winter and spring sessions, and an enrolment of 10 in special evening class for teachers, t Includes special winter and spring sessions, but does not include enrolment of 1,781 in summer session. DISTRIBUTION OF PUPILS BY GRADE AND SEX. The following table shows the number of boys and girls enrolled in each grade for the year 1947-48:— Grade. Boys. Girls. Total. 508 9,600 8,556 7,647 7,492 7,009 6,429 6,360 5,745 5,015 4,035 3,120 2,397 629 479 8,589 7,569 7,200 7,015 6,580 6,332 6,266 5,756 5,296 4,646 3,478 2,573 387 987 Grade I 18,189 Grade II 16,125 Grade III 14,847 14,507 Grade IV Grade V 13,589 12,761 Grade VI Grade VII 12,626 11,501 10,311 8 681 Grade VIII Grade IX Grade X Grade XI 6,598 4,970 Grade XII Grade XIII 1,016 Totals 74,542 72,166 146,708 DISTRIBUTION OF TEACHERS AND PUPILS ACCORDING TO THE DIFFERENT CLASSES OF SCHOOLS. The number of teachers employed in the different classes of schools, the number of pupils enrolled in each class of school, and also the average number of pupils per teacher are shown in the following table:— Type of School. Number of Teachers. Grade. Special Instructors. Total. Total Pupils Enrolled. Percentage of Total Enrolment. Average Enrolment per Grade Teacher. Senior high schools Junior-senior high schools Junior high schools Superior schools Elementary-senior high schools. Elementary-junior high schools. Elementary schools Unclassified Totals 434 665 143 102 312 89 2,724 4,469 155 212 50 20 18 126 66 589 877 193 102 332 107 2,850 66 13,911 21,744 4,871 2,751 9,432 2,877 91,122 5,116 146,708 9.48 14.82 3.32 1.88 6.43 1.96 62.11 100.00 32.05 32.70 34.06 26.97 30.23 32.32 33.45 32.83 REPORT OF SUPERINTENDENT. JJ 11 TEACHERS' CERTIFICATES. The following table shows the number of teachers employed, also the number with or without university degrees:— Number of Teachers. Type of School. With University Degrees. Without University Degrees. Total. 478 600 134 11 99 37 244 24 Ill 277 59 91 233 70 2,606 42 589 877 193 102 332 107 2,850 66 Totals 1,627 3,489 5,116 COMPARISON OF ENROLMENT AND EXPENDITURE FOR PUBLIC EDUCATION. The enrolment in the schools of the Province for various years since 1877-78 and also the cost of maintaining them are shown in the following exhibit:— School-year. No. of Teachers employed. No. of School Districts. Aggregate Enrolment. Average Daily Attendance. Percentage of Attendance. Government Expenditure for Education. Total Expenditure for Public Schools. 1877-78 56 69 128 267 429 607 816 1,597 1,859 2,246 3,118 3,668 3,784 3,854 3,948 3,959 3,912 3,873 3,942 3,956 4,025 4,092 4,194 4,220 4,248 4,224 4,055 4,162 4,354 4,512 4,833 5,116 45 59 104 169 213 268 189 359 374 575 744 788 792 803 811 830 821 827 762 773 763 ' 741 721 720 730 696 661 654 650 86 89 93 2,198 2,693 6,372 11,496 17,648 24,499 33,314 57,608 62,263 67,516 94,888 108,179 109,588 111,017 113,914 115,919 116,816 115,792 117,233 116,722 118,431 120,360 120,934 120,459 119,634 118,405 115,447 119,043 125,135 130,eoS 137,827 146,708 1,395 1,383 3,093 7,111 11,055 16,357 23,195 43,274 49,377 54,746 77,752 91,760 94,410 96,196 99,375 103,510 104,978 103,389 101,893 101,873 104,044 106,515 107,660 108,826 103,192 102,085 93,473 102,999 107,599 114,590 121,334 129,859 63.49 51.36 48.54 61.85 62.64 66.76 69.62 75.12 79.30 81.09 81.94 84.82 86.17 86.65 87.23 89.29 89.86 89.30 86.91 87.27 87.85 88.49 89.02 90.34 86.26 86.22 80.96 86.52 85.99 87.74 88.03 88.51 $48,411.14* 60,758.75* 113,679.36* 174,775.43 290,255.26 473,802.29 544,671.60 1,663,003.34 1,885,654.11 1,653,796.60 3,176,686.28} 3,532,518.95} 3,765,920.69}: 3,743,317.08} 3,834,727.19} 4,015,074.371 2,849,972.02} 2,611,937.80* 2,835,040.74} 2,972,385.04} 3,277,660.23} 3,524,962.69} 3,630,670.781 3,585,769.001: 3,963,848.241 4,028,397.88} 3,924,243.531 4,244,898.821: 5,022,534.591: 5,765,205.501: 9,398,473.46} 12,468,653.181: 1882-83 1887-88 1892-93 $215,056.22t 1897-98 425,555.10 1902-03 604,357.86 1907-08 1,220,509.85 1912 13 4,658,894.97 1913-14 4,634,877.56 1917 18 3,519,014.61 7,630,009.54} 1927 28 9,261,094.98} 1928 29 11,149,996.271: 10,008,255.66}: 1930 31 10,061,387.99} 1931 32 9,719,333.811: 8,941,497.341: 8,213,369.04} 1934 35 8,458,156.001: 8,775,353.781: 9,593,562.64}: 10,193,367.081: 1938 39 10,640,740.471: 1939-40 10,521,684.92} 1940 41 10,982,364.49} 1941 42 11,120,801.94} 1942 43 11,502,291.35} 1943 44 12,231,029.35} 1944 45 13,683,538.18} 1945 46 14,818,625.81} 1946 47 20,176,930.53} 25,768,392.09} * The total expenditure for public schools was borne by the Government. t This amount does not include the expenditure (not available) made for incidental expenses in city school districts. } This amount includes the annual grant from the Government to the Provincial University. JJ 12 PUBLIC SCHOOLS REPORT, 1947-48. COMPARISON OF ENROLMENT AND COST PER PUPIL TO PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT. The following table shows the enrolment during the last fifteen years and also the cost to the Provincial Government of each pupil:— School-year. Total Enrolment. Cost per Pupil on Enrolment. Cost per Pupil on Average Daily Attendance. 1933-34 115,792 117,233 116,722 118,431 120,360 120,934 120,459 119,634 118,405 115,447 119,043 125,135 130,605 137,827 146,708 $19.51 20.40 21.35 22.93 24.05 24.85 24.52 27.82 28.51 28.82 29.81 33.97 36.56 58.24 74.54 $21.85 1934-35 '.. 23.47 1935-36 . . 24 46 1936-37 26.10 1937-38 27.18 1938-39 27.92 1939-40 27.14 1940-41 32.25 1941-42 33.13 1942-43 1943-44 34 46 1944-45 39 51 1945-46 1946-47 1947-48 REPORT OF SUPERINTENDENT. JJ 13 COST PER PUPIL, ON VARIOUS BASES, FOR THE SCHOOL-YEAR 1947-48. Grand total cost of education $25,768,392.09 Less— Grant re salaries and enrolment, Victoria College $16,801.00 Special grant to Victoria College 20,000.00 Grant to University of British Columbia .... 957,406.92 Normal School, Vancouver 96,246.93 Normal School, Victoria 57,045.84 Cost of night-schools I 18,672.01 Correspondence schools— High school 123,759.27 Elementary school 39,775.37 Adult education 202,689.23 Special grant under section 13 (g) of Act 322.00 1,532,718.57 Net cost for total enrolment of 146,708 pupils $24,235,673.52 Cost per pupil for year on total enrolment 165.20 Cost per pupil per school-day (196 days) on total enrolment .84 Cost per pupil for year on average daily attendance of 129,859 186.63 Cost per pupil per school-day (196 days) on average daily attendance ___ .95 Net cost to Provincial Government for total enrolment of 146,708 pupils for year ($12,468,653.18—$1,532,718.57) 10,935,934.61 Cost to Provincial Government per pupil for year on total enrolment __ 74.54 Cost to Provincial Government per pupil per school-day (196 days) on total enrolment .38 Cost to Provincial Government per pupil for year on average daily attendance 84.21 Cost to Provincial Government per pupil per school-day (196 days) on average daily attendance _'_ .43 Cost per capita for year on population of 1,082,000 (1948 estimate) 22.40* Cost per capita per school-day (196 days) on population of 1,082,000 ___ .11* Cost to Provincial Government per capita for year on population of 1,082,000 10.11 + Cost to Provincial Government per capita per school-day (196 days) on population of 1,082,000 '_ .05+ * Computed on the net total cost of $24,235,673.52. t Computed on the net total cost to the Provincial Government of $10,935,934.61. JJ 14 PUBLIC SCHOOLS REPORT, 1947-48. CHILDREN OF FOREIGN PARENTAGE. The number of children of foreign parentage attending the public schools of the Province during the year 1947-48 was as follows:— Type of School. EQ c cd o a) to OJ B0 U o Xt 0 ■S M UJ 3 CJ a a c. fi aj 3 T3 oj a «J 0J BO a a a BO BO* e 4 oi B 2 '> a 0 -3 oj S et O '3 o s J3 ■3 O 0 E fc, a w s i-. B. « ID & O H Senior high schools 211 312 24 51 122 164 26 174 96 162 187 516 220 427 2,692 480 75 75 66 17 13 84 29 284 44 781 40 42 18 343 65 250 3 288 33 434 70 1,030 187 506 100 981 169 5,595 Junior high schools 912 Superior schools 78 3 16 26 31 375 3 31 33 40 54 121 42 203 1,056 Elementary-senior high schools.. 207 47 256 53 209 369 37 175 300 99 89 499 147 284 2,771 Elementary-junior high schools- 61 15 9 31 17 1 18 3 21 21 129 26 51 403 1,190 888 907 418 1,560 3,267 389 1,013 676 1,001 1,379 3,901 1,672 3,895 22,156 Totals 2,302 1,406 1,233 670 2,281 5,013 516 1,819 1,361 1,644 2,234 6,383 2,713 6,010 35,585 NUMBER OF SCHOOL DISTRICTS. The following table shows the number and classes of school districts in which expenditure for school purposes was made during the school-year 1947-48:— Municipal school districts , 7 Large municipal school districts 33 Large rural school districts 37 . Rural school districts (unattached) 16 Total number of districts 93 REPORT OF SUPERINTENDENT. JJ 15 SENIOR HIGH SCHOOLS. The enrolment in senior high schools during the school-year was 13,911; of this number, 6,720 were boys and 7,191 were girls. The number of schools, number of divisions, number of teachers, and the enrolment for the school-year 1947-48 in each district are shown in the following table:— No. and Name of School District. Number of Schools. Number of Divisions. Number of Teachers. Number of Pupils. 2 2 3 1 12 3 3 2 6 7 5 3 7 212 27 13 3 22 2 2 2 2 68 2 13 13 5 13 3 4 2 9 9 8 5 12 284 37 19 3 23 2 2 2 2 102 2 19 20 7 352 92 93 47 164 230 166 65 34. Abbotsford 282 6,981 911 491 70 614 46. Sechelt 46 30 53. Terrace 54. Smithers 25 52 2,317 47 387 315 134 Totals 40 434 589 13,911 JJ 16 PUBLIC SCHOOLS REPORT, 1947-48. JUNIOR-SENIOR HIGH SCHOOLS. The enrolment in junior-senior high schools during the school-year was 21,744; of this number, 10,710 were boys and 11,034 were girls. The number of schools, number of divisions, number of teachers, and the enrolment for the school-year 1947-48 in each district are shown in the following table:— No. and Name of School District. Number of Schools. Number of Divisions. Number of Teachers. Number of Pupils. 11 16 16 37 15 24 7 28 34 22 35 24 52 10 22 81 27 22 22 17 15 5 15 12 10 8 13 15 10 21 13 fi 15 22 21 49 18 33 10 37 42 31 46 28 66 13 29 112 35 27 27 25 23 7 21 19 16 8 16 16 14 27 17 7 287 438 520 11. Trail 1,312 468 780 181 22. Vernon 912 1,259 748 33. Chilliwack 1,184 745 36. Surrey 1,850 37. Delta 261 795 2,775 919 42. Maple Ridge 726 606 592 506 49. Ocean Falls 118 480 417 62. Sooke Rural 234 403 651 159 Totals 40 665 877 21,744 JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOLS. The enrolment in junior high schools during the school-year was 4,871; of this number, 2,480 were boys and 2,391 were girls. The number of schools, number of divisions, number of teachers, and the enrolment for the school-year 1947-48 in each district are shown in the following table:— No. and Name of School District. Number of Schools. Number of Divisions. Number of Teachers. Number of Pupils. 1 2 3 1 1 12 74 27 17 13 18 100 36 21 18 427 2,577 904 530 433 Totals 8 143 193 4,871 REPORT OF SUPERINTENDENT. JJ 17 SUPERIOR SCHOOLS. The enrolment in superior schools during the school-year was 2,751; of this number, 1,422 were boys and 1,329 were girls. The number of schools, number of divisions, number of teachers, and the enrolment for the school-year 1947-48 in each district are shown in the following table:— No. and Name of School District. Number of Schools. Number of Divisions. Number of Teachers. Number of Pupils. 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 3 3 3 2 1 6 2 3 2 3 2 2 7 25 10 3 3 3 2 7 2 4 7 3 3 2 1 6 2 3 2 3 2 2 7 25 10 3 3 3 2 7 2 4 7 3 59 64 30 13. Kettle Valley 132 18. Golden 32 52 50 71 26. Birch Island 57 27. Williams Lake 24 30. Ashcroft 34. Abbotsford 194 957 46. Sechelt 272 71 47 66 41 155 51 123 142 61 Totals 31 102 102 2,751 JJ 18 PUBLIC SCHOOLS REPORT, 1947-48. ELEMENTARY-SENIOR HIGH SCHOOLS. The enrolment in elementary-senior high schools during the school-year was 9,432; of this number, 4,748 were boys and 4,684 were girls. The number of schools, number of divisions, number of teachers, and the enrolment for the school-year 1947-48 in each district are shown in the following table:— No. and Name of School District. Number of Schools. Number of Divisions. Number of Teachers. Number of Pupils. 12 26 5 7 4 18 6 14 5 6 4 10 10 9 4 7 16 11 6 8 3 11 4 3 4 5 6 9 9 14 16 9 10 4 4 5 8 13 31 5 7 4 19 6 14 5 6 4 10 11 9 4 7 17 11 6 9 3 12 4 3 4 5 6 10 11 16 18 9 10 4 4 5 10 414 937 144 12. Grand Forks 13. Kettle Vallev 18. Golden 73 22. Vernon 314 27. "Williams Lake 210 28. Quesnel 29. Lil-ooet 30. Ashcroft 31. Merritt 145 49. Ocean Falls 104 50 100 56. Vanderhoof 58. McBride 463 491 288 72. Campbell River 346 73. Alert Bay 102 87 168 199 Totals 43 312 332 9,432 REPORT OF SUPERINTENDENT. JJ 19 ELEMENTARY-JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOLS. The enrolment in elementary-junior high schools during the school-year was 2,877; of this number, 1,485 were boys and 1,392 were girls. The number of schools, number of divisions, number of teachers, and the enrolment for the school-year 1947-48 in each district are shown in the following table:— No. and Name of School District. Number of Schools. Number of Divisions. Number of Teachers. Number of Pupils. 2 2 1 1 40 35 1 13 49 41 1 16 1,464 1,283 11 119 Totals 6 - 89 107 2,877 ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS. The enrolment in elementary schools during the school-year was 91,122; of this number, 46,977 were boys and 44,145 were girls. The number of schools, number of divisions, number of teachers, and the enrolment for the school-year 1947-48 in each district are shown in the following table':— No. and Name of School District. Number of Schools. Number of Divisions. Number of Teachers. Number of Pupils. 11 5 6 5 9 7 12 13 13 5 11 5 9 3 3 3 4 5 6 28 8 9 13 27 10 7 22 10 8 5 1 7 15 12 16 28 17 7 24 7 24 7 38 23 25 9 76 8 9 22 30 4 11 6 17 38 20 40 57 48 10 7 23 10 11 5 1 15 61 38 41 84 17 7 25 7 25 7 39 23 26 9 79 8 9 22 31 4 11 17 38 20 42 58 48 10 7 23 10 11 5 1 15 62 39 42 84 472 170 801 168 776 79 7. Nelson 1,261 652 793 293 11. Trail 2,728 12. Grand Forks .. ... 198 13 Kettle Valey . 142 1,127 94 318 18. Golden 110 540 989 660 1,499 2,216 1,303 160 130 337 181 227 82 22 463 2,284 1,445 1,502 3,244 JJ 20 PUBLIC SCHOOLS REPORT, 1947-48. ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS—Continued. No. and Name of School District. Number of Schools. Number of Divisions. Number of Teachers. Number of Pupils. 37. Delta 6 7 50 6 17 8 12 7 2 8 9 4 4 3 2 7 9 8 12 8 25 9 30 15 26 10 10 7 14 5 2 13 5 8 13 12 7 5 13 3 1 14 18 49 668 59 102 32 43 46 24 15 31 6 9 3 2 24 15 14 13 10 42 10 42 18 206 20 27 7 31 11 16 47 7 43 45 13 9 6 26 9 14 19 18 50 757 60 107 32 43 47 25 15 31 6 9 3 2 24 15 14 13 10 42 10 43 18 214 20 27 7 32 11 16 48 7 45 45 13 9 6 26 9 15 19 1,900 24,389 2,168 3,935 1,214 1,574 1,727 892 414 46. Sechelt 47. Powell River 129 258 63 36 757 375 49. Ocean Falls 1,160 58. McBride 987 320 7,377 570 62. Sooke Rural 1,546 70. Alberni 1,553 1,375 73. Alert Bay 106 918 522 356 Totals 797 2,724 ■ 1 2,850 91,122 REPORT OF SUPERINTENDENT. JJ 21 NUMBER OF SCHOOLS, TEACHERS, AND PUPILS IN EACH TYPE OF SCHOOL. The following table shows the number of schools of each type, the number of teachers employed, the number of pupils enrolled, and the average daily attendance in each type of school in the school-year 1947-48:— Type of School. Number of Schools. Number of Teachers. Number of Pupils. Boys. Girls. Average Daily Attendance. 40 40 8 31 43 6 797 589 877 193 102 332 107 2,850 66 13,911 21,744 4,871 2,751 9,432 2,877 91,122 6,720 10,710 2,480 1,422 4,748 1,485 46,977 7,191 11,034 2,391 1,329 4,684 1,392 44,145 11,648.10 18,920.97 4,368.60 Superior Elementary-senior high 2,405.17 8,402.37 2,602.61 81,511.40 Totals 965 5,116 146,708 74,542 72,166 129,859.22 * Visiting and relieving teachers. TEACHERS' SALARIES BY TYPE OF SCHOOL. The following table shows the highest, lowest, and average salary (in dollars only) paid to teachers in each type of school, grouped into grade teachers, supervising principals, and special instructors. Part-time teachers, teachers attached to the Bureau of Measurements, superintendents and instructors, and teachers showing less than $1,000 are excluded. Grade Teachers. Type of School. Number of Teachers. High Salary. Low Salary. Average Salary. Senior high schools Junior-senior high schools Junior high schools Superior schools Elementary-senior high schools.. Elementary-junior high schools.. Elementary schools Visiting and relieving teachers... 435 665 142 102 312 89 2,707 39 $4,200 4,200 3,800 3,550 4,350 3,750 4,500 2,850 $1,500 1,300 1,600 1,100 1,200 1,400 1,080 1,400 $3,192 2,569 2,880 1,965 2,006 2,128 2,065 2,330 Supervising Principals. Senior high schools.. Junior-senior high schools Junior high schools Superior schools Elementary-senior high schools.. Elementary-junior high schools.. Elementary schools Visiting and relieving teachers... 39 10 $5,100 5,200 5,200 4,400 4,400 4,800 $2,200 3,100 3,300 2,725 2,760 2,500 $2,330 4,054 4,076 3,566 3,821 4,075 Special Instructors. Senior high schools Junior-senior high schools Junior high schools Superior schools Elementary-senior high schools.. Elementary-junior high schools- Elementary schools Visiting and relieving teachers... 86 169 11 12 74 $4,000 4,000 3,500 2,800 3,200 3,200 $1,300 1,020 1,600 1,000 1,200 1,500 $2,859 2,538 2,704 1,942 2,165 2,504 JJ 22 PUBLIC SCHOOLS REPORT, 1947-48. SALARY CLASSIFICATION. Distribution of teachers by $100 salary-groups, excluding part-time teachers and teachers earning less than $1,000 per annum:— Number of Number of Salary Range. Teachers. Salary Range. Teachers. $1,000-$1,099 3 $3,200-$3,299 68 1,100- 1,199 22 3,300- 3,399 68 1,200- 1,299 17 3,400- 3,499 95 1,300- 1,399 178 3,500- 3,599 89 1,400- 1,499 216 3,600- 3,699 90 1,500- 1,599 200 3,700- 3,799 29 1,600- 1,699 307 3,800- 3,899 23 1,700- 1,799 240 3,900- 3,999 20 1,800- 1,899 270 4,000- 4,099 119 1,900- 1,999 284 4,100- 4,199 20 2,000- 2,099 301 4,200- 4,299 19 2,100- 2,199 ___ 227 4,300- 4,399 20 2,200- 2,299 241 4,400- 4,499 19 2,300- 2,399 242 4,500- 4,599 6 2,400- 2,499 305 4,600- 4,699_ 5 2,500- 2,599 212 4,700- 4,799 2 2,600- 2,699 368 4,800- 4,899 1 2,700- 2,799 213 4,900- 4,999 3 2,800- 2,899 129 5,100- 5,199 1 2,900- 2,999 108 5,200- 5,299 3 3,000- 3,099 159 6,100- 6,199___. 1 3,100- 3,199 107 6,300- 6,399 1 Total 5,051 REPORT OF SUPERINTENDENT. JJ 23 EXPENDITURE FOR EDUCATION FOR SCHOOL-YEAR, 1947-48. Minister's office $13,559.52 General office 54,286.85 Text-book Branch 172,537.51 High Correspondence Schools 123,759.27 Elementary Correspondence Schools 39,775.37 Industrial education 49,708.26 Visual education 28,860.04 Inspection of schools 166,994.50 Normal School, Vancouver 96,246.93 Normal School, Victoria 57,045.84 School for the Deaf and the Blind 104,001.76 Basic grants _'_ 7,081,009.76 Special salary grant paid under section 13 (g) of the Act 322.00 Teachers superannuation (7 per cent.) 816,015.81 Special aid to school districts 4,000.00 School buildings and essential new equipment 1,666,625.64 Education of soldiers' dependent children 13,962.25 Examinations 38,246.49 Conveying children to central schools 618,622.39 Summer School 28,358.58 Board of Reference 713.60 Adult education— Extension and adult education 28,615.80 Recreational and physical education 72,903.78 Urban occupational training 2,972.82 Rural occupational training 6,494.72 Student-aid bursaries 20,993.82 Apprentice-training 4,907.40 Vocational schools assistance agreement 65,800.89 School radio broadcasts 15,191.83 Division of Chief Inspector and Curriculum 6,827.29 Division of Educational Reference and School Service 11,264.47 Division of Tests, Standards, and Research 23,440.31 Educational and vocational guidance 6,995.45 Incidentals and contingencies 10,537.95 University of British Columbia—■ General grant , $944,844.45 Teacher-training 12,562.47 957,406.92 Special grant to Victoria College 20,000.00 Cost-of-living bonus 39,647.36 Total expenditure by Government $12,468,653.18 Amount expended by districts (including debt charges) 13,299,738.91 Grand total expenditure $25,768,392.09 JJ 24 PUBLIC SCHOOLS REPORT, 1947-48. EXPENDITURE BY SCHOOL DISTRICTS. No. and Name of School District. Total Expenditure.* Government Grants. District Expenditure. Fernie Cranbrook Kimberley Windermere Creston Kootenay Lake Nelson Slocan Castlegar Arrow Lakes Trail Grand Forks Kettle Valley Southern Okanagan Penticton (less District No. 77 for six months). Keremeos Princeton Golden Revelstoke Salmon Arm Armstrong Vernon Kelowna Kamloops Barriere Birch Island Williams Lake Quesnel Lillooet Ashcroft Merritt Fraser Canyon Chilliwack (less District No. 76 for six months) Abbotsford Langley Surrey Delta : Richmond- Vancouver New Westminster Burnaby Maple Ridge Coquitlam North Vancouver West Vancouver Sechelt Powell River Howe Sound Ocean Falls Queen Charlotte Portland Canal Prince Rupert Terrace Smithers , Burns Lake Vanderhoof Prince George McBride Peace River South Peace River North Greater Victoria Sooke $188 161 173 37 282. 40. 338 87. 104 67 499. 89 52, 737, 305, 59, 82. 40, 112 162 132. 29 G 426 331. 20 23 94 115 70 58. 48, 196, 459, 283, 453, 788, 102, 463, 5,922, 698, 836 211 263. 440 200 100 261. 63 80 15 15. 178 65, 63. 46 57 305 73. 317, 93. 1,801 163, .200.72 ,889.37 ,400.28 ,158.16 ,655.68 .875.44 ,131.18 ,153.94 ,775.30 ,245.42 .340.28 ,909.84 ,788.92 ,225.14 ,108.06 .378.46 ,273.62 ,801.41 ,904.32 ,510.53 ,307.46 .669.48 ,684.00 ,166.76 ,085.77 ,170.49 ,654.75 ,124.22 ,937.77 ,897.00 ,251.14 ,720.62 ,264.18 .908.51 ,812.26 ,797.83 ,196.58 ,081.29 ,569.04 ,865.88 .022.08 ,060.67 ,378.92 ,333.46 .746.65 ,399.33 ,887.19 ,789.48 .635.69 ,354.47 ,673.11 ,735.45 .520.57 ,351.91 ,563.01 ,797.72 ,301.62 ,306.36 ,331.06 .594.84 ,081.45 ,858.99 $88,551. 78,472. 82,908. 19,401. 136,220. 23,691. 153,205. 44,759. 48,048. 40,877. 195,623. 52,034. 30,732. 356,021. 135,837. 33,781. 44,939. 21,667. 54,525. 94,562. 74,443. 167,766. 232,646. 147,186. 13,143. 11,168. 43,090. 59,811. 35,469. 25,834. 11,720. 92,253. 258,235. 157,267. 240,462. 431,202. 43,901. 224,977. 1,589,039. 258,596. 397,827. 117,484. 121,797. 225,585. 55,216. 42,568. 119,468. 28,500. 34,206. 6,981. 6,254. 65,850. 36,110. 31,686. 26,034. 31,172. 133,085. 38,476. 167,046. 53,844. 623,724. 74,236. 83, 90, 17, 146, 17, 184, 42, 56 26, 303, 37, 22, 381, 169, 25, 37, 19, 58, 67, 57, 128, 194, 183, 6, 12, 51, 55, 35. 33. 36, 104. 201, 126, 213, 357. 58, 238, 4,333, 440, 438, 93. 141, 214, 145, 57, 142, 35, 46. 31. 20. 26. 172, 34, 150, 39, 1,177, 649.25 417.12 492.16 756.30 434.86 183.69 925.69 394.59 ,726.93 368.29 716.48 875.09 056,16 203,65 270.66 134.32 378.34 947.74 863.56 903.29 037.51 980.70 942.57 002.42 564.70 313.21 468.48 062.24 530.78 467.04 028.97 640.67 349.39 595,81 295.23 103.98 529.87 268.89 195.08 576.04 581.36 748.44 529.77 830.73 418.33 2S8.49 429.05 373.03 419.01 884.84 409.59 665.46 528.14 625.14 216.45 829.97 284.35 750.39 357.17 622.53 * Includes debt and capital charges. REPORT OF SUPERINTENDENT. JJ 25 EXPENDITURE BY SCHOOL DISTRICTS—Continued. No. and Name of School District. Total Expenditure.* Government Grants. District Expenditure. 63. Saanich 64. Saltspring 65. Cowichan 66. Lake Cowichan 67. Ladysmith 68. Nanaimo 69. Qualicum.... 70. Alberni 71. Courtenay 72. Campbell River 73. Alert Bay 74. Quatsino 75. Mission 76. Agassiz (six months, Jan. 1 to June 30) 77. Summerland (six months, Jan. 1 to June 30) Unattached. Atlin ;. Bamfield Butedale Camp Mile 163 Camp 300 Esperanza Fort Nelson., Fort Nelson Airport Kildonan Port Renfrew. Sydney Inlet Tahsis Rivei' , Tofino Ucluelet University Hill Zeballos Totals $190 49, 189. 165, 100, 380 121 278 308 142 46 36 173 36 41 ,983.19 ,577.87 567.65 165.68 365.46 ,348.70 ,960.85 511.52 ,525.06 ,313.28 ,253.71 ,791.55 ,359.02 222.39 000.37 575.79 753.74 ,789.60 ,638.24 601.90 700.00 995.80 393.40 ,305.25 ,021.27 095.82 ,448.50 ,876.68 254.50 ,348.28 636.50 $86,661.29 32,545.27 91,199.90 61,729.47 55,203.88 162,520.21 57,659.96 121,167.54 137,382.57 61,407.71 17,348.31 10,793.39 74,163.01 19,162.07 23,403.37 1,258.71 9,498.17 564.37 1,509.13 1,514.57 830.88 1,360.95 1,678.03 1,132.27 19,862.61 1,499.95 1,276.95 4,149.29 4,096.98 9,789.17 3,647.23 $22,665,996.70 $9,366,257.79 $104,321.90 17,032.60 98,367.75 103,436.21 45,161.58 217,828.49 64,300.89 157,343.98 171,142.49 80,905.57 28,905.40 25,998.16 99,196.01 17,060.32 17,597.00 1,317.08 10,255.57 1,225.23 129.11 87.33 869.12 634.85 715.37 1,172.98 21,158.66 595.87 1,171.55 1,727.39 4,157.52 26,559.11 2,989.27 $13,299,738.91 * Includes debt and capital charges. LEGISLATION. A number of amendments to the " Public Schools Act " were approved by the Legislature at the 1948 Session, the most important of which dealt with the vexed question of assessed values. Because grants to School Boards and the proportion of local costs borne by the constituent parts of large school districts are calculated upon the assessed values of land and improvements, it is essential that these values be assessed on a uniform basis. A number of complaints were made that inequalities existed which imposed an unfair burden in certain districts. To correct this, an amendment was introduced which provided for the appointment of an Equalization Board. The Board consists of three members—one a representative of the Union of British Columbia Municipalities, one a representative of the rural areas, and the third appointed by the Province as chairman. The legislation provides that any municipality, or twelve or more ratepayers in a rural area, may complain in writing to the Lieutenant-Governor in Council that the assessment of a municipal area is too high in comparison with the assessment in another municipality or a rural area, or vice versa. The Lieutenant-Governor in Council will then refer the complaint to the Assessment Equalization Board for investigation and report. The Assessment Equalization Board may, after investigating the matter, either recommend an adjustment in the assessed values used for the calculation of the Government grant and the sharing of school costs or dismiss the claim. JJ 26 PUBLIC SCHOOLS REPORT, 1947-48. It is to be understood that any adjustment in assessed values made by the Equalization Board is used only for calculation of Government grants and school-cost sharing. The work of this Board is expected to correct inequalities which existed and ensure a fair distribution of local costs. SPECIAL AID. Rural Districts. The costs of education have been steadily rising with the general costs of living, and it was found that rural districts were called upon to meet expenses beyond their means. In order to relieve the rural taxpayer, and particularly those whose living is derived from the land, the Legislature provided a special grant of $1,100,000 which was to be distributed to rural areas of all school districts in such a way as to reduce the school levy. The Department of Education was called upon to present a formula for the equal distribution of this amount, with the result that all school districts benefited in such a way as to greatly reduce the mill rate which would have been necessary to meet the cost of education in every district, not only below the level for the present school-year, but substantially below that of the year 1946-47. Municipal Districts. In order to assist municipalities the Government imposed a 3-per-cent. social security and municipal aid tax and agreed to pay one-third of the yield of this tax to the municipalities to aid in their general finances. It is expected that the sum of $4,000,000 will be the share of the municipalities, and while this was not specifically earmarked for education, the distribution was based, in some measure, upon the school population. DORMITORIES. Under existing legislation the Government contributes 50 per cent, of the approved costs of school buildings. Under an amendment to section 22 of the " Public Schools Act," dormitories have been classified as school buildings and, therefore, these buildings benefit by the payment of 50 per cent, of their approved costs. The School Board of School District No. 57 (Prince George) is now operating a dormitory in the city of Prince George, and a second has been opened at Fort St. John in School District No. 60 (Peace River North). NEW SCHOOL DISTRICTS. During the school-year 1947-48 the following new school districts were created: No. 75 (Mission), No. 76 (Agassiz), No. 77 (Summerland), and Butedale (unattached). RETIREMENTS AND APPOINTMENTS. On June 30th, 1948, Mr. E. G. Daniels, Inspector of Schools, with headquarters in New Westminster, and Mr. F. A. Jewett, Inspector of Schools, with headquarters in Nelson, retired on superannuation. This Department greatly appreciates the fine service rendered by these officials over a long period of time. To fill vacancies on the inspectorial staff, we welcome to the Department Mr. H. C. Ferguson, formerly principal of Campbell River High School, and Mr. Earl Marriott, formerly principal of Creston Elementary School. Mr. Ferguson makes his headquarters at Telkwa, and Mr. Marriott at Dawson Creek. I have the honour to be, Sir, Your obedient servant, F. T. FAIREY, Superintendent of Education. EDUCATIONAL DIRECTION AND SUPERVISION. JJ 27 EDUCATIONAL DIRECTION AND SUPERVISION. REPORT OF H. L. CAMPBELL, B.A., M.Ed., ASSISTANT SUPERINTENDENT OF EDUCATION. The school-year 1947-48 was one of continued and steady progress in those aspects of education which concern curriculum and instructional procedures. The creation of the large administrative units, with the consequent improvement in school plants and facilities, is having a most beneficial effect on the types of educational opportunity which are being made available throughout the Province. There may exist differences of opinion concerning some of the financial results of implementing the report of Dr. M. A. Cameron, but any competent and well-informed observer must be impressed by the vast improvement which has been effected Provincially in the quality and extent of education. The people of this Province are interested in education. This is reflected in the educational vision and policies of their elected representatives, Provincial, municipal, and School Board. It is obvious that the training qualifications and experience of teachers are vital factors in the worth of an educational system. No school system can be good if its teachers are poorly qualified and lack adequate experience. The following facts from the latest report (1947) of the Dominion Bureau of Statistics would seem to indicate that British Columbia leads the way in this respect:— (1) 31.5 per cent, of the teaching force of this Province are university graduates. The next Province in order has 22.4 per cent., and the lowest has only 2.1 per cent. (2) 77 per cent, of the teaching force of this Province has first-class certification or better. The next Province in order has 72 per cent., and the lowest Province has 39 per cent. (3) 33.7 per cent, of the teaching force of this Province are men. The next Province in order has 27.5 per cent, men, and the lowest has 11.4 per cent. (4) The median teaching experience of British Columbia teachers is for men 15.7 years, for women 10.1 years, and for all teachers 12 years. For the next Province in order it is 9.9 years, and for the lowest it is 4.8 years. (5) British Columbia has only 8.2 per cent, of its teachers working in ungraded rural one-room schools. The next Province in order has 21.3 per cent., and the highest percentage is 57 per cent. (6) The median annual salary for British Columbia teachers is $2,042. The next Province in order has a median salary of $1,546 and the lowest is $816. The comparatively high median salary in British Columbia must be considered in relation to the following:— The realization by the public of this Province that teachers have been underpaid in consideration of the importance of their work to society. That the teaching force of this Province is the most highly qualified and most experienced of all the Provinces of Canada. That there are few one-room rural ungraded schools in British Columbia and many modern consolidated school units in which a high type of instruction can be provided. The following is a brief description of some of the more important professional aspects of education which have been receiving attention during the year. Adjustment of the Secondary-school Programme.—Plans are under way for the necessary curriculum revisions. Final action will be taken only on receipt of official JJ 28 PUBLIC SCHOOLS REPORT, 1947-48. sanction by the University Senate, which has legal authority in matters of requirements for admission to the University. It is proposed that the adjustment shall come into effect in September, 1950. The major causal considerations and features of the adjustment are:— (1) The secondary school of to-day is no longer a selective institution, and its curriculum must meet the needs of students of widely varying abilities. This is socially desirable, but provision must be made that the ablest students are challenged to their capacity. (2) Too few of our ablest students come to develop in high school strong preferences for fields of study. The present curriculum for University Entrance consists so largely of constants that there is little opportunity to pursue advanced elective courses in fields of developing interests. (3) Under the present organization all students wishing to take University Entrance are required to elect it at the end of Grade VIII. This is too early for many students, and such election should be possible, if necessary, as late as the entry into Grade XI. (4) Many capable students elect in Grades IX and X a considerable number of courses in Industrial Arts, Home Economics, and Commercial Education. They are thus barred from securing University Entrance. (5) There exists on the part of the public a demand for high-school instruction in elementary courses in Forestry, Agriculture, Mineralogy, Commerce, and other subjects. Under the present organization these courses may not be taken by those desiring University Entrance. (6) That no elective courses taken in senior high school and numbered below 100 shall carry credit for Senior Matriculation or First Year of University. (7) That, to encourage interest and scholarship, elective courses be offered in most secondary-school subjects over and above the basic requirements for University Entrance. This is now the case in Science and Mathematics, and it is proposed to extend the principle to other subject fields. (8) That, whereas under the proposed adjustment no student will be able to complete the required and the elective courses in all subjects, provision be made in Senior Matriculation and in First Year of University for courses to be designated as " higher " and " pass " courses, or some such nomenclature. Both of these should carry full academic credit for the year. Students showing four years of continuous study of a subject in high school would enroll in the higher course. Students showing only the basic requirement for University Entrance in a subject would enroll in the pass course. (9) That students seeking University Entrance shall show the basic requirements in all subjects and a specified number of subjects in which they have completed four years of continuous study. (10) That the three presently offered courses General Science III, IV, and V be revised into two courses, which shall meet the basic requirements for University Entrance, to be followed by the elective courses Physics 91, Chemistry 91, and Biology 91 as they operate at present. (11) That in the Languages—Latin, Greek, French, German, and Spanish— introductory and exploratory courses may be offered in Grade VIII, to be followed by two further years of language study, which shall meet the basic requirements for University Entrance, to be followed by two further years of elective courses for those whose interest is in languages. This makes a five-year course possible. EDUCATIONAL DIRECTION AND SUPERVISION. JJ 29 (12) That in order to train pupils for happy and effective living more emphasis must be placed on Health, Physical Education, Guidance, Mental Hygiene, Home and Family Living. These will be incorporated in a fused course of " Effective Living " prescribed as a constant for Grades VII through XI. Revision of Report Cards (Grades VII to XIII).—These have been revised in experimental form and are now in use in the schools. Revision of High School Organization and Time-allotments Report.—A greatly simplified report form has been evolved. This is to be completed each year by the principal of each secondary school and shows at a glance the organization of the school. Curriculum Bulletins completed and distributed to Schools.—Industrial Arts, Grades VII to XII; Mathematics 91; Kindergarten Manual; Library Manual; List of Library Books. Courses currently under Revision.—Social Studies, Grades VII to XII; Effective Living, Grades VII to XI; Physical Education, Grades I to XII; Foreign Languages; Science, Grades VII to XII; Mathematics, Grade XIII. Text-book Adoptions.—The following adoptions as basal texts were made during the year: Canadian Parade Readers, Young Explorers (Dent), and Study Arithmetics, Book VI (Gage). Summer Workshops for Teachers.—A two weeks' workshop in Home and Family Living was held in connection with the Summer School of Education, Victoria, and two workshops in Alcohol Education were held, one at the University and one at the Summer School of Education. Departmental Conference.—During the week of July 19th to 23rd the fourth general Departmental conference was held in Victoria. This conference was attended by Inspectors of Schools and other officials of the Department of Education. Matters of both an administrative and a purely educational nature were on the agenda. Special lectures were given by Dr. Karl Bernhardt, of the University of Toronto, and Dr. Paul Landis, of the State College of Washington. JJ 30 PUBLIC SCHOOLS REPORT, 1947-48. PROVINCIAL NORMAL SCHOOLS. PROVINCIAL NORMAL SCHOOL, VANCOUVER. REPORT OF A. R. LORD, B.A., LL.D., PRINCIPAL. The forty-seventh session of the Vancouver Normal School opened on September 8th, 1947, and closed on June 18th, 1948. Attendance and results were as follows:-— Men. Women. Total. 65 53 209 194 274 247 In addition, thirteen men taking training at the Vancouver Technical School for Industrial Arts certification were in attendance during the second term for courses in Educational Psychology and Principles of Teaching. Distinction standing was awarded to nine students: Rozel June Amy, New Westminster; Phyllis May Grantham, Vancouver; Roberta Victoria Hards, Vancouver; George Lloyd Harvey, M.A., Vancouver; Iris Lorraine Parton, Vancouver; Janet Bevitt Rochester, Prince Rupert; Robert Milton Scales, Vancouver; Beverley Jean Sharman, Vancouver; Anne Veronica Wolfe, B.A., Trail. The enrolment, which showed an increase of fifty-five over the previous year, was the largest since 1925 and was very welcome. It seems evident, however, that a greater increase must be secured if the schools of the Province are to be staffed with qualified teachers. Even a casual examination of Department of Education records will disclose a present annual need of approximately 600 teachers to replace those who discontinue and to provide for newly opened schools and class-rooms. Six hundred graduates could scarcely be secured with an initial enrolment of less than 675, and the total number registered in the three teacher-training institutions this year is 460. It would seem probable that the substantial number of discharged service personnel who are securing university degrees and entering teaching will remove any secondary- school shortage, except in such specialized fields as Physical Education. In the elementary schools, however, little relief can be expected from this source, since most candidates for this field are young women, drawn from the previous year's University Entrance or Senior Matriculation classes. They are, in most cases, seeking some form of temporary occupation for two or three years, prior to marriage, and their choice will be determined to a considerable degree by the length and cost of training. If women teachers were permitted and could be persuaded to remain in teaching after marriage, the present problem would be solved, though perhaps an equally serious one of another sort would be created. Since such a policy is not generally possible, it follows that the large number of young women who resign each year to marry must be replaced by an equal number who, in their turn, hope to teach for two or three years. The proportion of girls who, upon graduation from high school, on their own initiative desire to become teachers is small, despite present relatively high salaries. It would seem desirable, therefore, that counsellors should endeavour to influence suitable students in this direction. The co-operation of Department of Education officials would be necessary as well. Reference has been made in former reports to the need for a major revision of our entire teacher-training programme. Canada still remains the only part of the English-speaking world which (a) has a training period of less than two years, (b) requires a compulsory curriculum without optional subjects, (c) separates academic education from professional, and (d) charges fees. PROVINCIAL NORMAL SCHOOL, VICTORIA. REPORT OF H. 0. ENGLISH, B.A., B.S.A., PRINCIPAL. The thirty-fourth session of the Provincial Normal School, Victoria, opened September 8th, 1947, and closed June 18th, 1948. The following table presents a summary of the enrolment:— Men. Women. Total. 43 0 2 3 89 5 2 4 132 5 4 Failed 7 Totals 48 100 148 Four students—Shizuko Arai, Kenneth Edward Burkinshaw, Ruth Evelyn Han- ington, and Muriel Irene Poulton—received honour standing. Stanley Edward Cains was the winner of the Dr. V. L. Denton Memorial Award for 1947-48. The St. John Ambulance Association issued certificates to thirty-seven students who were successful in the course in First Aid. Life-saving classes were conducted during the term. Thirteen students were successful on the tests. At the end of the term, two instructors, Miss Margot Elizabeth Gordon and Miss Marguerite Eleanor Perry, resigned, and one instructor, Mr. Joseph F. Hammett, was granted, leave of absence. Two new instructors, Mr. George Alexander Brand, B.A. (British Columbia), and Miss Winnett Alberta Copeland (primary specialist), joined the faculty September 1st, 1947. Mr. Brand was appointed to provide instruction in Elementary Science and Visual Education; Miss Copeland to provide instruction in Primary Methods. The health programme at the school was enriched by a series of four lectures on health topics. This series was arranged by Dr. J. L. Gayton and Miss Dorothy Tait. Owing to the increase in the number of students enrolled in September, 1947, the accommodation provided in the Normal School building was scarcely adequate. The lack of a laboratory school adjacent to the Normal School was overcome by transporting the students to elementary schools in the Greater Victoria area. With the co-operation of the administrative officers and the teachers in these schools, numerous demonstration lessons were provided. To the Greater Victoria School Board, the Municipal Inspectors, and to the teachers and pupils who provided these vital demonstration lessons, the Normal School is deeply indebted. JJ 32 PUBLIC SCHOOLS REPORT, 1947-48. During the 1947-48 session, approximately two months were devoted to observation and practice-teaching. A total of 286 class-rooms in ninety-five schools were used. About one-third of these class-rooms (105) were in rural schools on Vancouver Island and in other parts of Southern British Columbia. While the students were gaining this valuable experience, members of the faculty visited the various schools and observed the work of the student-teachers. In addition to opportunities to observe and to teach occasional lessons, extended periods of observation and teaching practice were provided during the months of November (two weeks), February (two weeks), and April (three weeks). The importance of these periods, during which the students had numerous opportunities to translate instruction into practice, cannot He overemphasized. Toward the end of the term, this Normal School initiated an investigation into the records of recent graduates. Provincial and Municipal Inspectors were asked to report on the teaching efficiency of those teachers who graduated from the Victoria Normal School during the years 1945, 1946, and 1947. The data assembled was extremely interesting and should prove useful when the British Columbia teacher-training programme is revised. The co-operation of the Inspectors was appreciated, for without their aid it would not be possible to obtain reliable data in research of this description. SUMMER SCHOOL OF EDUCATION. JJ 33 SUMMER SCHOOL OF EDUCATION. REPORT OF HAROLD P. JOHNS, M.A., DIRECTOR. One thousand one hundred and ninety-seven teachers attended the thirty-fifth session of the Summer School of Education, held in Victoria and Vancouver from July 5th to August 6th. Noteworthy among the innovations at the 1948 session of the school was the introduction of courses in High School Art and School Counselling. In both cases, long-felt professional needs were served, and teachers who in the past had found it extremely difficult to obtain the type of training desired were able to continue their studies at the Department of Education's Summer School. For the first time in some years, Art classes were held at the Victoria section of the school, thus permitting more general enrolment in these courses, and at the same time making it possible for teachers specializing in Art to take lectures in courses outside of their field. Two special workshops were conducted. One, in Alcohol Education, was under the direction of Mr. H. L. Campbell, Assistant Superintendent of Education and Director of the programme of Alcohol Education. The other, the Curriculum Workshop, made a study of the proposed revisions of the Health and Guidance courses, and the new programme of Home and Family training. Its final report was a suggested plan by which the three could be fused into a single course. It should perhaps be noted that the procedure involved a new and promising technique in curriculum building in British Columbia. COURSES AND ENROLMENT. The enrolment for all courses and the total enrolment are summarized below. Instructors who taught for less than one week are not included in the tables. Courses. Instructors. Enrolment. 52 29 36 12 1,052 145 81 77 73 64 48 44 43 39 1,197 1,027 Totals for 1946 888 Totals for 1945 830 Victoria Section. Methods and Philosophy of Education: 10. Visual Education Workshop . 15. 35. 101. 102. Introduction to Educational Sociology __. The Enterprise in Elementary School Workshop in Alcohol Education Curriculum Workshop Enrolment. 53 _ 107 . 157 32 22 Psychology and Individual Development: 132. Tests and Measurements in the Improvement of Learning 84 150. Growth and Development of Children 104 156. Disciplinary Problems in Elementary School 142 159. Mental Hygiene and Behaviour 68 180. Home and Family Living 94 jj 34 PUBLIC SCHOOLS REPORT, 1947-48. Fine and Applied Arts: Enrolment. 357. Creative Expression in Elementary-school Art 65 371. Illustration 36 393. Commercial Art 28 397. Life Drawing 24 398. Industrial Design 48 402. Methods and Materials in Secondary-school Art 19 Counselling and Guidance: 190. Counselling Techniques 52 191. The Individual Inventory in Guidance 50 192. The Use and Interpretation of Tests in Guidance 45 Health and Physical Education: 503. Tests and Measurements in Physical Education 55 512. Junior Red Cross Workshop 30 514. Anatomy and Physiology 28 517. Secondary-school Health Curriculum 24 524. Corrective Physical Education 17 527. Elementary-school Physical Education Laboratory 49 528. Secondary-school Physical Education Curriculum 27 530. Sports Education I 48 531. Sports Education II 43 540. Fundamental Rhythm 52 544. Elementary Folk-dancing 74 Home Economics: 650. Curriculum and Methods in Home Economics 47 Intermediate Grades: 260. Methods in Arithmetic 128 276. Methods in Science 155 345. Social Studies Workshop 31 Kindergarten-Primary: 584. Fine Art for Kindergarten-Primary Grades 99 586. Kindergarten Music and Rhythms 47 ■ 587. Primary Music 59 590. Principles and Practices of Primary Education 116 591. Primary Observation and Laboratory 99 592. Social Studies and Science in the Primary Grades 91 593. Reading in the Primary Grades 101 595. Industrial Arts and Play Materials 79 Library Service: 412. Children's Literature 48 413. Cataloguing and Classification 40 Music: 440. School Music in the Elementary Grades 93 442. Elementary Harmony 25 443. Choral Music and Conducting 40 447. Advanced Music Literature and History 21 448. Instrumental Ensemble Xg SUMMER SCHOOL OF EDUCATION. JJ 35 Senior Matriculation: 213. Senior Matriculation English 313. Senior Matriculation World History Typewriting: 604. Practical Typewriting Enrolment. 67 84 55 Vancouver Section. Commercial Education: 621. Stenography (Practice and Speed) 623. Typewriting (Teaching Methods) 628. General Business and Law 632. Accounting Industrial 14. 220. 223. 224. 225. 227. 228. 229B. 229C. 231. 232. 234. 235. 236. 238. 241. 242. 243. 245. 246. 247. 248A 248B. 249. 250. Arts Education: The Curriculum: Its Objectives and Procedures Teaching Methods for Industrial Arts in a Junior High School Plane and Solid Geometric Drawing Free-hand Sketching applied to the Industrial Arts Draughting applied to Woodwork and Metalwork Elementary Woodwork Elementary Wood-turning Farm Mechanics Farm Mechanics Elementary Electrical Theory Elementary Electrical-shop Work Art Metalwork Elementary Sheet-metal Work Elementary Machine-shop Work Teaching Methods for Industrial Arts in a Senior High School Practical Geometry Free-hand Sketching Draughting applied to Woodwork and Metalwork ■ Advanced Woodwork (Bench-work) Advanced Wood-turning Practice in the Use of Wood-working Machinery; Care and Maintenance Farm Mechanics Farm Mechanics Advanced Sheet-metal Work Advanced Machine-shop Work Student Courses. 14 21 16 10 46 13 4 5 17 16 5 20 6 22 20 9 11 11 18 4 17 10 Total in 1948 Total in 1947 Total in 1946 2,613 Total in 1945 2,380 5 13 8 28 9 3,618 3,073 Courses per Student. Average in 1948 __. Average in 1947 __. Average in 1946 ... Average in 1945 _. 3.0 2.9 2.9 2.9 JJ 36 PUBLIC SCHOOLS REPORT, 1947-48. REGISTRATION. The following tables give an interesting picture of the classes of teachers served by the Summer School and the type of training sought by them:— Table I.—Teaching Experience of those registered. 13 or more years 242 1 to 3 years 505 10 to 12 years 78 Less than 1 year 77 7 to 9 years 105 Unreported 48 4 to 6 years 142 Table II.—Type of School in which Teachers taught in 1947-48* More than 10 rooms 454 3 rooms 59 7 to 10 rooms 171 2 rooms.- 93 4 to 6 rooms 138 1 room 112 * Certain teachers registered at Summer School had not taught in the year 1947-48; hence the totals of the above will not agree with the total enrolment. Table III.—Grades taught by Teachers enrolled. Grade XII 130 Grade V 262 Grade XI 159 Grade IV 300 Grade X 178 Grade III 301 Grade IX 211 Grade II 314 Grade VIII 299 Grade I 314 Grade VII 310 Pre-primary 4 Grade VI 252 Table IV.—Types of Certificates sought. (Candidates for First-class Permanent Certificates are not shown.) Art 55 Library 38 Commercial 27 Music 54 Counsellor 41 Physical Education 87 Home Economics 43 Primary 168 Industrial Arts 103 Secondary Instructor 17 Intermediate 109 FACULTY. Adams, Miss May, B.Sc. in P.E., Physical Education Department, University of British Columbia, Vancouver. Amess, Fred A., Commercial Art Instructor, Vancouver School of Art, Vancouver. Barr, Miss Helen I., B.A., Commercial Specialist, Commercial Instructor, West Vancouver High School, Vancouver. Bernhardt, Karl S., M.A., Ph.D., Professor of Psychology, University of Toronto, and Assistant Director, Institute of Child Study, Toronto. Biddlecombe, George W., Sheet-metal Instructor, Vancouver Technical School, Vancouver. Cameron, Miss Catherine D., Registrar, Summer School of Education, Victoria. Campbell, Miss Mary N. K., B.Sc, Instructor, Lord Byng High School, Vancouver. Carruthers, Miss Bertha Muriel, B.A., Librarian, Magee High School, Vancouver. Clarke, Earl W., B.A., formerly Art Instructor, Victoria High School, Victoria. Conway, Clifford B., M.S., D.Pasd., Director, Division of Tests, Standards, and Research, Department of Education, Victoria. SUMMER SCHOOL OF EDUCATION. JJ 37 Donaldson, J. Stanley, B.A., Magee High School, Vancouver. Ferguson, Miss Nancy, B.A., Central Junior High School, Victoria. Fraser, Miss Laura, R.N., Public Health Nurse, Victoria. Gayton, J. L., M.D., D.P.H., Medical Health Officer, Victoria. Gibson, W. S., Industrial Arts Instructor, Victoria High School, Victoria. Gilchrist, Miss Vera, B.P.H.E., Y.W.C.A., Vancouver. Gillespie, Gordon, B.A., B.Sc, Kitsilano Junior-Senior High School, Vancouver. Hammett, Joseph F., B.A., Instructor, Provincial Normal School, Victoria. Harwood, Norris, B.A., Commercial Specialist, Victoria High School, Victoria. Heywood, Robert H., B.A., Head, Commercial Department, Victoria High School, Victoria. Jackson, Miss Dorothea, Ph.B., Director of Kindergarten-Primary Education, Seattle Public Schools, Seattle, Wash. Johnson, Miss Muriel A., B.H.Sc, Dietitian, Victoria High School, Victoria. Johnston, Miss Effie, Primary Teacher, Provincial Normal School, Vancouver. Jones, Miss Cathryn, B.E., Principal, Los Angeles City Schools, Los Angeles, Calif. Kurth, Burton L., Chief Supervisor of Music, Vancouver Schools, Vancouver. Landis, Paul H., A.B., M.A., Ph.D., Chairman, Division of Rural Sociology, Professor of Sociology, State College of Washington. Lane, Edwin I., B.A., Art Instructor, West Vancouver High School, Vancouver. Lythgoe, Ernest W., Industrial Arts Instructor, Mount View High School, Victoria. Meredith, John R., B.A., Research Assistant, Alcohol Education, Department of Education, Victoria. Miller, Edward F., B.A., Principal, Lonsdale School, North Vancouver. Moscrop, Miss Martha, Training Supervisor, Social Assistance Branch, Provincial Government. McKee, Miss Enid M., B.A., Instructor, Victoria High School, Victoria. McKenzie, J. J., B.A., Principal, South Park School, Victoria. McKie, A., B.A., B.Ed., Counsellor, Kitsilano Junior-Senior High School, Vancouver. McLeish, Miss Elizabeth, Supervisor of Art, Brandon Public Schools, Brandon, Man. Ortmans, Miss Kathleen, School Broadcasts, CBR, Vancouver. Palmer, Miss Margaret, Provincial Director, Junior Red Cross. Pollock, J. R., B.A.Sc, Director of Visual Education, Department of Education, Victoria. Preston, J. H., M.D., D.P.H., Assistant Medical Health Officer, Victoria. Pritchard, Vaughan G., B.A., Commercial Specialist, Central Junior High School, Victoria. Quayle, Thomas A., Industrial Arts Instructor, Victoria High School, Victoria. Rannie, Miss Ruth M., B.Sc, Instructor in Foods and Nutrition, Vancouver Technical School, Vancouver. Rickard, V. C, Industrial Arts Instructor, Coquitlam Junior-Senior High School, Coquitlam. Roberts, Ifor, Assistant Supervisor of Music, Vancouver Schools, Vancouver. Russell, Albert E., Sheet-metal and Welding Instructor, Vancouver Technical School, Vancouver. Schmaelzle, 0. I., B.S., M.A., Director of Guidance and Counselling, San Francisco Schools, San Francisco, Calif. Strong, C. J., M.A., Inspector of Technical Classes, Vancouver. Swainson, Neil A., B.A., Victoria High School, Victoria. Toder, Mrs. Dorothy M., Primary Specialist, Primary Teacher, Victoria. Wales, B. E., B.A., B.Ed., Counsellor, Kitsilano Junior-Senior High School, Vancouver. Wallace, Lawrence J., B.A., M.Ed., Boys' Counsellor, Victoria High School, Victoria. White, John S., Industrial Arts Instructor, Victoria High School, Victoria. JJ 38 PUBLIC SCHOOLS REPORT, 1947-48. Wright, Stanley J., B.Sc, Electrical Instructor, Vancouver Technical School, Vancouver. Zeran, Franklin R., M.A., Ph.D., Dean, School of Education, Oregon State College, Corvallis, Ore. STUDENT ACTIVITY SOCIETY. The following statement deals with the affairs of the preceding or 1947 session, and is taken from the report of the auditors, Ismay, Boiston, Dunn & Co., chartered accountants. Receipts. Activity fees paid by students (less refunds) $1,710.00 Additional income (cash receipts, cafeteria, etc) 493.51 Total $2,203.51 Disbursements. Fees and expenses of artists, lecturers, etc $1,126.00 Social affairs, dances, picnics, teas, etc 868.68 Miscellaneous charges, services, rentals, etc 122.23 Excess of receipts over disbursements 86.60 Total $2,203.51 INDUSTRIAL EDUCATION. JJ 39 INDUSTRIAL EDUCATION. REPORT OF H. A. JONES, DIRECTOR OF TECHNICAL AND VOCATIONAL EDUCATION. This report is for the school-year 1947-48 and covers the work of the following:— (a) Industrial Arts (Woodwork and Draughting) in elementary schools. (b) Industrial Arts (Woodwork, Draughting, Metalwork, and Electricity) in junior and senior high schools. (c) Industrial Arts Option Courses in high schools—"A" Woodwork and Draughting, and " B " Metalwork and Draughting — for University Entrance. (d) Vancouver Technical School. (e) High School Commercial and Agricultural Courses. (/) Vancouver School of Art. (g) Night-schools. (h) Teacher-training. (i) Vocational Schools' Assistance Agreement. Industrial Arts has expanded this year, and present building plans indicate that there will be greater expansion next year. More schools are offering a full Industrial Arts programme than at any time previously, and shops, on the whole, are well planned and well equipped. Courses of study have been revised during the year, and the new courses will be used commencing in September, 1948. Under the Vocational Schools' Assistance Agreement, vocational courses are being given in many secondary schools throughout the Province in the following fields of study: Industrial, commercial, and agriculture. Schools now are being built to extend the work, particularly in the industrial and agricultural fields. The new vocational school being built by the Vancouver School Board in the heart of the city of Vancouver will be an outstanding vocational school and will contribute a great deal to the future progress of this Province. The reports upon Industrial Arts which follow have been prepared by Lieut.-Col. C. J. Strong, who, as Inspector of Technical Classes, has done much to improve the work of Industrial Arts in this Province. INDUSTRIAL ARTS. Elementary Schools and Junior High Schools. Revision of the Programme of Studies for Industrial Arts in the junior and senior high schools was completed during the year. Much credit is due the members of the various committees, who gave freely of their time and effort to prepare the best possible course in each branch of Industrial Arts. The revised courses will come into effect in September, 1948. Boards of School Trustees have been most co-operative in their efforts to provide additional equipment for the school shops. Industrial Arts continues to expand, with twenty new teachers accepting positions during the summer of 1947. An additional twenty instructors will be teaching Industrial Arts when school opens in September, 1948. Over seventy veterans have been trained under the Canadian Vocational Training Programme, and all have been placed in teaching positions. It is regretted that this programme is now completed, as a new training programme must be established immediately if we are to have trained Industrial Arts teachers ready for the many positions to be filled in 1949 if the building under way is continued as planned. Many JJ 40 PUBLIC SCHOOLS REPORT, 1947-48. of the men who started teaching Industrial Arts just after World War I are now drawing near the retirement age, and provision for their replacement must be made in our teacher-training programme. There are forty-five school districts in which Industrial Arts is established, as follows: Abbotsford, Alberni, Armstrong, Burnaby, Chilliwack, Coquitlam, Courtenay, Cowichan, Cranbrook, Creston, Delta, Fernie, Fraser Canyon, Kamloops, Kelowna, Kimberley, Ladysmith, Maple Ridge, Mission, Nanaimo, Nelson, New Westminster, North Vancouver, Ocean Falls, Peace River South, Penticton, Powell River, Prince George, Prince Rupert, Princeton, Qualicum, Quesnel, Revelstoke, Richmond, Saanich, Salmon Arm, Saltspring, Southern Okanagan, Surrey, Trail, University Hill, Vancouver, Vernon, Greater Victoria, and West Vancouver. Senior High Schools. It is gratifying to note that an increasing number of students are selecting Industrial Arts options for their High School Graduation course. Courses for Grades X, XI, and XII include Woodwork and Draughting, Metalwork and Draughting, and Farm Mechanics and Draughting. The Grade XII course in Woodwork is centred around small-bungalow construction with Architectural Draughting. A course in Arts and Crafts will be offered in September, 1949, as an additional option. New junior-senior high schools now being planned provide adequate shops with ideal working conditions. The expansion of Industrial Arts has justified the move from basement rooms to spacious, well-lighted, well-equipped shops. Industrial Arts Options for University Entrance. Many pupils taking the University Entrance course are taking advantage of the Industrial Arts courses. A three-year course may be taken in Woodwork and Draughting, or Metalwork and Draughting, for which they receive 15 credits. The training received in these courses is of value in any walk of life, and particularly so for those who plan to take work in university leading to a degree in Science. The total number of individual elementary and junior and senior high school shops in the Province (of which forty- seven are general shops) is 175 The total number of individual elementary and junior and senior high school instructors is 162 The total number of pupils participating is— Elementary school 3,141 Junior high school 8,097 Senior high school 4,407 15,645 VANCOUVER TECHNICAL SCHOOL. The report which follows has been prepared by Mr. E. M. White, B.A.Sc, principal of the Vancouver Technical School:— " The work conducted during the year 1947-48 in many respects was similar to the work of previous years, and I shall emphasize only such points as may require special mention. " Placement.—Placement in jobs this year has been very good. In fact, we have been unable to supply boys for firms seeking apprentices. As I stated in my previous reports, a greater degree of specialization is offered in Grade XII, and we have been able to place all our students in one of the following lines: Sheet Metal, Printing, Building Construction, Draughting, Machine-shop, Automotive, Cooking, Hairdressing, Ladies' Tailoring, and Food Servicing. INDUSTRIAL EDUCATION. JJ 41 " New Course for Practical Nurses.—A course for Practical Nurses, or Nurses' Aides, has also been started and will be continued in September. After four months' instruction at this school, the students undergo further practical training in the local hospitals. " Building Construction.—The bungalow, which was started some two years ago, was completed and sold. Another is under construction. "Foundry.—Our foundry, after much delay in acquiring equipment, was completed, and several runs have been made. We shall be able to produce our own castings and give instruction in Moulding and Pattern-making. " Out-of-town Students.—Over the years we have had students come to us from various parts of the Province either to take our regular technical course or a special course. These students have almost invariably proved to be very able students, and I would wish and suggest that many more should attend this school. Student-aid scholarships and loans do not seem to be widely known, or made use of, by students from outlying points. "We have added to our equipment during the year, but still more is required, especially in the draughting-rooms, machine-shop, and sheet-metal shop." The total number of students attending the Vancouver Technical School during the year 1947-48 was as follows :■— Day-school— Boys- 735 Girls 308 1,043 Night-school—■ Vocational 1,396 Non-vocational 92 1,488 Total 2,531 JJ 42 PUBLIC SCHOOLS REPORT, 1947-48. HIGH SCHOOL COMMERCIAL AND AGRICULTURAL COURSES. Commercial work has expanded in the secondary schools during the past year to meet the increased demand for office workers. The placement has been very good. Some pupils have taken the work as an option to the regular high school course. Other pupils have spent more than half of their school time on Commercial work, and therefore these classes have received special vocational grants under the Vocational Schools' Assistance Agreement. These vocational classes have operated very efficiently and have received a great deal of help and advice from local advisory committees. The enrolment in the following school districts was as follows:— Students. Abbotsford 86 Alberni 91 Burnaby 479 Chilliwack 193 Coquitlam 107 Courtenay 51 Cowichan . 86 Cranbrook 35 Creston _ 125 Delta 81 Fernie 58 Fraser Canyon 31 Kamloops . 130 Kelowna 137 Kimberley 69 Ladysmith 50 Langley 109 Lillooet 15 Maple Ridge 247 Mission 42 Nanaimo 231 Students. Nelson 94 New Westminster 302 North Vancouver 291 Ocean Falls 38 Peace River South 56 Penticton 142 Powell River 172 Prince George 89 Prince Rupert 88 Princeton 56 Revelstoke 30 Richmond 189 Saanich 70 Southern Okanagan 129 Surrey 438 Trail 98 Vancouver 3,721 Vernon 180 Greater Victoria 576 West Vancouver 147 Total 9,359 Agriculture has been taken as a high school option in many centres, as in previous years. The following centres now are erecting buildings to offer Vocational Agricultural courses, and the School Boards concerned are working with local advisory committees made up of farmers and horticulturists: Langley, Creston, Chilliwack, Kelowna, Oliver, and Penticton. Agricultural courses were offered during the last school-year in the following school districts:— Students. Burnaby 38 Chilliwack 160 Courtenay 14 Creston 31 Cowichan 40 Grand Forks 22 Kamloops 32 Kelowna 56 Ladysmith 62 Langley 36 Maple Ridge 169 Students. 18 55 26 15 40 25 45 Southern Okanagan 113 Surrey 34 Vernon 28 Mission New Westminster North Vancouver _ Ocean Falls Penticton Richmond Salmon Arm Total 1,059 INDUSTRIAL EDUCATION. JJ 43 VANCOUVER SCHOOL OF ART. The following is an excerpt from a report prepared by the principal of the school, Mr. Charles H. Scott, A.R.C.A., F.R.S.A. (Lond.), Dip. G.S.A.:— " I beg to submit my annual report for the session 1947-48. " The enrolment was slightly smaller than that of the previous year due to a falling-off of rehabilitation students who had completed their training entitlement. It is gratifying to note that the majority of those students found positions in one form or another of commercial art, where they are giving satisfaction. " During the session the school was obliged to shift three classes from the Art School Annex to the Social Services Building close by, owing to the demolition of the old Central School in April. It is expected that all classes will be housed in the Art School building during the coming session, 1948-49, which will mean a packed school in a building not physically suitable for the work to be done. " The annual school closing was held on Friday, May 28th, when Dr. Dolman, of the University of British Columbia, gave the graduation address. Twenty-two fourth year students graduated and received the school diploma. Fifty-three second year students received their elementary diploma. " The annual school exhibition was held in the Art Gallery during September, 1947." The following was the student enrolment during the school-year 1947-48:— Day-school 213 Night-school and Saturday classes 755 Total : 968 NIGHT-SCHOOLS. This year has been one of varied expansion in the night-schools in many centres in the Province. Night-school classes are operated by School Boards, who receive grants as follows: (1) For non-vocational classes, and (2) for vocational classes. The second group receives more assistance by way of grants because of the added cost of vocational training. This money is provided by the Provincial and Dominion Governments under the Vocational Schools' Assistance Agreement. Adults are demanding more varied courses in night-schools than ever before. Academic courses are available for those who wish to further their formal education, and general courses are provided for those with varied interests. Vocational courses are provided for those people who wish to improve their knowledge and skill in various industrial and commercial lines of work. Home-making and leisure-time courses are offered to those who are interested in this phase of education. The enrolment during the year 1947-48 was as follows:— Students. Non-vocational 9,625 Vocational* 4,121 Total 13,746 TRAINING OF INDUSTRIAL ARTS TEACHERS. Since the end of the war a most successful rehabilitation training programme has been conducted by the Dominion and Provincial Governments to enable discharged personnel from the armed forces to become qualified as Industrial Arts instructors. At the end of one year of such instruction, veterans who had previously been carefully selected were given practice-teaching in schools, followed by intensive teacher-training * Also reported under section dealing with Vocational Schools' Assistance Agreement. JJ 44 PUBLIC SCHOOLS REPORT, 1947-48. courses in the Summer School operated by the Department of Education. All veterans have been placed in positions and, so far, have given very satisfactory service. As rehabilitation training practically has ended, some other training programme will have to be established to provide trained teachers for future needs. The enrolment at Summer School numbered 115. VOCATIONAL SCHOOLS' ASSISTANCE AGREEMENT. During the past year, construction began on vocational schools, or vocational units in composite high schools, in the following centres: Chilliwack, Creston, Victoria, North Vancouver, and Vancouver. The North Vancouver unit has been completed and is in operation, and the other units will be built and in operation by September, 1949. Advisory committees, consisting of employers and employees, have been established for each vocational school, or vocational unit of a composite high school. These committees have done splendid work in advising School Boards on buildings, equipment, course content, standards of training, and placement. Additional vocational films have been purchased under this agreement and are being widely used. They are distributed to schools by the Director of the Visual Education Department, Vancouver. Many vocational schools have been helped considerably by receiving vocational equipment owned by the Province but given to the School Boards on indefinite loan. Expansion is taking place in many centres throughout the Province in vocational work in the following areas of training: Industrial, agricultural, and commercial. The enrolment in day and evening classes operated under the terms of the Vocational Schools' Assistance Agreement, together with the number of vocational teachers, is shown below:— Number of Pupils. Number of Teachers. Part-time. Full-time. 3,487 4,121 220 56 140 Totals 7,608 220 196 HOME ECONOMICS. REPORT OF MISS BERTHA ROGERS, B.Sc, M.A., DIRECTOR. Home Economics is offered in the programmes of 103 public schools and 6 private schools throughout the Province. Forty-nine of the centres, operating in the public schools, are outside the urban areas of Greater Victoria, Greater Vancouver, and Greater New Westminster. It has been found necessary to enlarge some of the existing centres. Plans are under way to open an additional room in the Philip Sheffield School at Abbotsford and in the junior-senior high school at Mission. This had been made necessary in order to accommodate the increased enrolment and to allow for the inclusion of the Grade VII group in the Home Economics programme. A second room has been equipped for Home Economics in the Thomas Hodgson School at Nanaimo. This was previously a one-room centre, with equipment for clothing-work only. Foods equipment has been installed in the second room. The Langley Prairie centre will also be expanded to include two rooms. This school has been operating on the shift system for the past year. While two Home Economics teachers were appointed by the Board, only one room was available for the teaching of Home Economics. This presented difficulties in the organization of the work and in accommodating the classes eligible for Home Economics. Unit kitchens are being suggested to the School Boards planning for new centres. It is felt that these permit greater flexibility in the use of the class-room and also provide working areas more like that found in the home. Total number of pupils throughout the Province taking Home Economics 17,638 Total number in elementary schools 3,729 Total number in junior high schools 8,369 Of these, the total number taking— Home Economics I (Grade VII) was 4,743 Home Economics II (Grade VIII) was 4,983 Home Economics III (Grade IX) was 2,422 Total number in high school 5,316 Of these, the total number taking— Home Economics III was 1,690 Home Economics A (Foods, Nutrition, and Home Management) 75 Home Economics B (Clothing, Textiles, and Related Arts) 431 Home Economics CC II (combined course) *__ 1,360 Home Economics CC III (combined course)* 688 Vancouver Technical 242 Grades V and VI 67 Senior Matriculation 5 Special C courses 789 Vancouver Normal School pupils 200 School for the Deaf and the Blind 24 Number of boys taking Home Economics courses, 187. Increased enrolment is shown in the number of boys taking Home Economics. An effort has been made to interest these classes in the different phases of home- making, rather than in food preparation only. * Includes different phases of home-making. JJ 46 PUBLIC SCHOOLS REPORT, 1947-48. A small mixed class of Grade XI boys and girls was organized in the Trail High School. This was experimental and was scheduled for one term only. There are now twenty-three graduates in Home Economics from the University of British Columbia in teaching positions in the schools. The majority of these are taking advantage of the courses offered in teacher-training at the Summer School of Education. Two have completed the work required for the diploma in education offered by the University. The many new fields open to the home economist continue to attract the graduate more than do those of the established work of the dietitian and teacher. The shortage of Home Economics trained teachers is still acute and presents one of the major problems of this Department. There are 149 Home Economics teachers on the staffs of the various schools within the Province. Unfortunately, teachers have not been available to fill the vacancies at Michel and Wells. This has resulted in the closing of these centres temporarily. Forty-seven teachers attended the Home Economics class offered in Curriculum and Methods in Home Economics at the Summer School in Victoria during July and August, 1947. Miss Mary Campbell, B.Sc, of the Lord Byng High School, Vancouver, and Miss Ruth Rannie, B.Sc, of the Technical School, Vancouver, were the instructors. Miss Muriel Johnson, B.H.Sc, with Miss Corinne Leifer, B.H.Sc, as her assistant, directed the work of the cafeteria at the Summer School. Miss Mabel Allen, M.A., supervisor of Home Economics for Vancouver, retired at the end of the school-year, June, 1948. Her willingness to co-operate and the help and advice given to the teachers under her supervision have been greatly appreciated. We wish her good health and happiness. Miss Isabelle Elliott, M.A., who has been a member of the staff at the Technical School, Vancouver, has been appointed to succeed Miss Allen. Miss Beth Ramsay, M.A., of the teaching staff of the Victoria High School, was appointed, in September, 1947, as supervisor in Home Economics for Victoria, her teaching programme being arranged to allow for part-time duties in supervision. The Canadian Home Economics Association held its biennial conference at Calgary during August, 1948. A pre-conference workshop was arranged and was conducted by Dr. Clara Brown Amy, of the Home Economics Department of the University of Minnesota. The theme of the pre-conference course and of the conference was " The Evaluation of the Home Economics Programme in Canada." Eight of the nine Provinces were represented in the group attending. Miss Mildred Orr, Assistant Inspector of Home Economics, and I attended both the pre-conference course and the conference and felt that the contacts made and the opportunity to exchange ideas were worth while. EDUCATIONAL REFERENCE AND SCHOOL SERVICE. JJ 47 DIVISION OF EDUCATIONAL REFERENCE AND SCHOOL SERVICE. REPORT OF MURIEL A. SCACE, B.A., DIRECTOR. The Division of Educational Reference and School Service is charged with the responsibility of publishing British Columbia Schools, the official organ of the Department of Education, which is issued quarterly in elementary and secondary editions. It is also responsible for the library of the Department of Education and for the preparation of reference materials for Departmental officials, Inspectors of Schools, teachers, and Curriculum Committees. The activities of this Division for the school- year 1947-48 may be summarized as follows:— "BRITISH COLUMBIA SCHOOLS." British Columbia Schools, the official publication of the Department of Education, is sent free of charge eight times during the school-year to all teachers in the Province. It is designed to provide in-service professional aid, to assist teachers in keeping abreast of the latest developments in the field of education, to list new teaching aids and materials, and to acquaint teachers and officials with changes in the Programmes of Studies and with new regulations of the Department of Education. The publication of a Departmental magazine for teachers was initiated in September, 1944, with the publication of The Rural School, which was sent to both elementary and secondary teachers in the rural areas. Many requests were made that this magazine be available to all elementary teachers, and in February, 1946, The Rural School was replaced by British Columbia Schools, Elementary Edition, which is currently issued on a quarterly basis to all teachers in the elementary grades. In October, 1946, the publication of a Secondary Edition of the magazine was also undertaken, with a free distribution, on a quarterly basis, to all teachers in secondary schools. During the school-year 1947-48, 14,125 copies of the Elementary Edition were published, and 8,650 copies of the Secondary Edition. This issue provided a sufficient number of magazines to supply all teachers and principals, Inspectors of Schools, Departmental officials, and School Boards throughout the Province. In addition, copies were supplied, upon request, to teachers in private schools, Indian schools, and schools supported by religious denominations. Copies of each issue of the magazine were supplied to all students of the Victoria Normal School and of the teacher-training department at the University of British Columbia. Complimentary copies were also sent to all Provincial Departments of Education throughout Canada, to a number of State Departments of Education across the Border, and to numerous educators, educational organizations, and libraries in both Canada and the United States. Files of the magazine were sent, upon request, to Unesco House in Paris for the use of students at international seminars of education. REFERENCE AND SCHOOL SERVICE. Reference Library Services. A reference library is maintained in the Department of Education under the Director of this Division. The resources of this library are available to all Inspectors of Schools, Departmental and Normal School officials, and teachers engaged upon special research projects. It is stocked with a wide range of professional books in the field of education, and is kept up to date through careful evaluation and selection of the best current literature in the field. During the year 1947-48, 400 new books were added to the collection. In addition, 131 regularly published educational periodicals, pamphlets, and bulletins are received annually. Of these, 91 are secured through subscription and 40 upon a free or exchange basis. The library also contains a wide selection of text-books supplied by publishing firms. The Director of this Division is responsible for the selection of books for the Teachers' Professional Library administered by the Public Library Commission. Through this library service, teachers in all parts of the Province are provided with free access to a wide range of the best and most up-to-date professional literature in the field of education. Text-books and Teaching Materials. This Division maintains contacts with all educational publishers and evaluates new text-books and supplementary books and teaching materials of all kinds. Notable materials of this type are brought to the attention of teachers and officials through British Columbia Schools. Programmes of Studies and Curricular Materials. The Director of this Division acts also as assistant to the Director of the Division of Curriculum and as secretary of the Central Curriculum Committee, and in that capacity is concerned with research in the field of curriculum, with the procuring and the preparation of professional educational materials for use by members of committees engaged in curriculum revision, and with the editing, final preparation for printing, and actual publication of all Programmes of Studies and of numerous Departmental reports. SCHOOL DISTRICT No. 39 (VANCOUVER). JJ 49 SCHOOL DISTRICT No. 39 (VANCOUVER). REPORT OF H. N. MacCORKINDALE, B.A., SUPERINTENDENT OF SCHOOLS. ENROLMENT. (October of each Year.) Year. Elementary. Junior High. Senior High. Total. 1929 27,522 4,363 6,012 37,897 1930 27,663 4,351 6,801 38,815 1931 27,953 4,382 7,614 39,949 1932 27,593 4,417 8,051 40,061 1933 26,723 4,639 8,131 39,493 1934 26,335 4,635 8,493 39,463 1935 25,978 4,578 8,772 39,328 1936 25,833 4,454 9,131 39,418 1937 25,348 4,266 9,506 39,120 1938 24,338 4,165 10,016 38,519 1939 23,556 4,080 9,856 37,492 1940 23,032 4,149 9,471 36,652 1941 23,091 4,354 8,741 36,186 1942* 22,014 4,175 7,166 33,355 1943 22,383 4,540 7,139 34,062 1944 22,394 4,396 7,913 34,703 1945 22,737 4,294 8,295 35,326 35,736 36,221 1946 23,338 4,113 8,375 1947 24,217 3,906 8,098 * Withdrawal of Japanese from Pacific Coast area. Since our city school system is about 40 per cent, reorganized on the six-three-three plan, the number of junior high school students is small in comparison with the other groups. The areas organized on the traditional eight-four plan include the pupils of the seventh and eighth grades in the elementary school. Because of the relatively small number of births in the early thirties, there is a considerable drop in the enrolment of the upper grades. Further, the large number of births in the early forties will produce a big increase in the enrolment of the lower grades of the elementary school. As time advances, this increase will move along toward the upper grades. Considerable adjustment of equipment and school plans will thus be necessary. JJ 50 PUBLIC SCHOOLS REPORT, 1947-48. Distribution of Pupils by Grades, September 30th, 1947, Vancouver. Below is a table which gives the geographical origin of new pupils enrolled in the city school system between September 2nd, 1947, and November 30th, 1947:— Origin. Elementary. Secondary. Total. 739 218 220 185 13 154 44 82 7 5 6 1 7 7 334 81 80 65 3 64 37 30 1 2 1 2 1,073 299 300 250 ■ 16 218 81 112 8 7 7 1 9 7 1,688 700 2,388 Inspector R. Straight, Director of the Bureau of Measurements, has made similar studies every year since 1936. The following table gives the comparative figures:— 1936 2,012 1942 3,372 1937 2,249 1943 2,388 1938 1,865 1944 2,420 1939 1,760 1945 2,008 1940 2,294 1946 2,451 1941 2,931 1947 2,388 SCHOOL DISTRICT No. 39 (VANCOUVER). JJ 51 Based upon the distribution of pupils by grades (as shown by an earlier graph), also upon the resident births in the city since 1941, and upon the influx of school population from outside districts, it is a reasonable prediction to make that the enrolment in the first six grades of the elementary school will increase from approximately 20,000 in September, 1947, to 35,000 in September, 1953. ACCOMMODATION. The School Board's ten-year building programme for $9,000,000 endorsed by the ratepayers March, 1947, should take care of any emergency. This, of necessity, depends upon the availability of skilled labour and building materials. New Buildings. 1. Kitchener No. 2 (Trafalgar) (Twenty-fifth Avenue and Trafalgar Street).— The first unit of this school was completed and occupied by primary classes on October 1st, 1947. The unit consists of four primary class-rooms, an auditorium-gymnasium, and most of the administrative section required for the school when completed. The building is of concrete construction with a particularly pleasing stucco finish. 2. Technical-Vocational School (Pender and Hamilton Streets).—Before preparing plans for this school the Board appointed our architect, Mr. E. D. King, and the principal of the new school, Mr. D. H. Goard, as a delegation to visit centres in the United States and Canada, in order to study the buildings and operation of vocational schools. The Department of Education appointed Mr. H. Jones, Director of Technical Education for the Province, to join Mr. King and Mr. Goard on their tour of investigation. The delegation visited Toronto, Hamilton, Buffalo, Cleveland, Chicago, Milwaukee, Minneapolis, Los Angeles, Oakland, Portland, and Seattle. A report of their observations was presented to the Board. Based on the findings of this delegation, the architect's department under Mr. King, assisted by Mr. Peck, prepared sketch-plans which were then approved by the Department of Education for the Province. The firm of architects, Sharpe, Thompson, Berwick, and Pratt, were engaged to prepare the final working plans and specifications based on the tentative ones prepared by the School Board's building department. In order to have the plans completed by February 15th, 1948, all School Board officials were instructed to give every assistance possible to the architects engaged. The plans were ready according to schedule and the contract let to the Commonwealth Construction Company, and construction commenced before the end of March. The work is proceeding according to plan and should be completed by March 31st, 1949. The Board has approved the incorporation of the following courses into the plans of this building: Auto Mechanics; Auto Body Repair; Steam, Diesel, Marine, and Stationary Engineering; Machine-shop; Woodworking trades—Carpentry, Bench- work; Plumbing, Heating, and Refrigeration; Welding—Electrical and Gas; Bartering; Electrical trades; Commercial courses; Practical-nurse Training; Shoe-repairing; Food Servicing—Waitress-training, Restaurant Cooking; Navigation; Draughting— Mechanical and Architectural; Watch-repairing. The commencing of such a programme of vocational education is one of the most progressive and constructive undertaken in this city in a period of almost three decades. It has the complete and sympathetic support of all our citizens. The Board feel justly proud of this extension of our educational programme. 3. Tecumseh School (Forty-first Avenue and Commercial Drive).—An auditorium- gymnasium with lunch-room and auxiliary features was completed soon after the opening of school September, 1947. JJ 52 PUBLIC SCHOOLS REPORT, 1947-48. 4. Alexandra School (Broadway East and Clark Drive).—An auditorium-gymnasium with lunch-room and auxiliary features similar to Tecumseh will be ready for use when school opens next September. 5. Begbie School Addition (Kitchener and Lillooet Streets).—Plans for this addition were completed and the contract awarded to the B.C. Bridge and Dredging Company. This addition consists of ten class-rooms, a library, art-room, auditorium- gymnasium (450 to 500 seats), showers, dressing-rooms, lunch-room, and alterations and additions to the administrative section. It will be completed in the early autumn. 6. Carleton School (Kingsway and Joyce Road).—The construction for this school of a gymnasium-auditorium, with lunch-room and other necessary features, has been commenced. The accommodation will be similar to that supplied at the Tecumseh and Alexandra Schools. It should be ready for occupancy before the end of the school-year. 7. New Secondary School (Twenty-seventh Avenue and Gladstone Street).—Plans have been prepared for the first unit of this junior-senior secondary school by our architect, Mr. E. D. King, assisted by Mr. G. Peck. Some excellent suggestions by the Secondary-school Building Committee, supervisors, engineers, teachers, and Inspectors have been incorporated by the architects into these plans. The first unit provides the following accommodation: Twenty-one class-rooms, six science laboratories, four shops, four home economics units, two art-rooms, two gymnasium floors with the necessary showers and dressing-rooms, health service rooms, music- room, cafeteria, library, stores, receiving-room, and a complete administration unit. It is hoped that tenders will be called and construction commenced within two months. When completed, this secondary-school plant should compare favourably with the best to be found anywhere. 8. New Elementary School (Forty-fifth Avenue and Selkirk Street).—The first unit, consisting of two primary class-rooms, should be completed before the end of the year. Architects are Sharpe, Thompson, Berwick, and Pratt. 9. New Elementary School (Fifty-ninth Avenue and Heather Street).—The first unit, which consists of four primary class-rooms, should be completed (along with No. 8 above) by the end of the year. The same firm of architects is planning this unit. 10. Addition to John Oliver Secondary School (Forty-first Avenue and Draper Street).—Plans are being prepared for this addition by the architects, Mercer and Mercer. 11. Addition to Renfrew School (Twenty-second Avenue and Rupert Street).— Plans are almost completed by our own architects, and tenders should be called for soon. This addition involves nine new class-rooms, with lunch-room, dressing-rooms, and showers. It should be completed for the opening of school in September, 1949. 12. Other Projects.—The following additions are being planned by our architects' department (by-laws have been authorized by the ratepayers) :— (a) First unit of a new administration building. (6) Addition to King Edward Secondary School. (c) Addition to Livingstone School (so that it can be used as a secondary school). (d) Addition to Lord Byng Secondary School. (e) Addition to Cecil Rhodes Elementary School. Changes in the distribution of school population within the city may alter the priority of some of these proposals. 13. Reconstruction of Macdonald School.—On December 7th, 1947, this school was very badly damaged by fire. The entire roof of the main building was a complete loss. Rain, with fire damage, made the entire school unusable (except the auditorium). Pupils were temporarily housed in adjoining schools and portable shacks on the main school-grounds. SCHOOL DISTRICT No. 39 (VANCOUVER). JJ 53 The reconditioning of this school was a tremendous task for our building department. Mr. King, our architect, and Mr. Beechey, our building superintendent, are to be commended for the fine job done and the rapidity with which it was finished. I expect it will be ready to be occupied on the opening of school in September next. TESTING AND OTHER ACTIVITIES OF THE BUREAU OF MEASUREMENTS. Number of individual intelligence tests given, 784. Number of pupils given group intelligence tests, 9,443. Special individual intelligence tests given to 208 prospective Grade I pupils who were under 6 years of age prior to December 1st, 1947. Ninety of these were admitted to Grade I on trial. The others were rejected as being unlikely to succeed in the work of the first grade. Detroit Beginning First-grade Intelligence Test (revised) given to all Grade I pupils in September, 1947 (4,200 approximately). In June, 1948, achievement tests in the fundamental subjects were given to approximately 2,800 pupils of Grades VI and VIII. The Grade VI pupils tested were in the junior high school districts up for promotion to Grade VII (junior high school). The Grade VIII pupils selected were in senior high school districts up for promotion to Grade IX (senior high school). These standardized tests assist the principals and Inspectors in maintaining levels of achievement. An analysis of the results of the University Entrance and Senior Matriculation examinations for June, 1947, was made and distributed to all the principals of the senior high schools. Outlines of all courses offered in each of the secondary schools (junior and senior) were distributed to all elementary- and secondary-school principals. This summary is very valuable to our staff of Guidance teachers and counsellors. To assist the National Employment Service, all students who desired jobs in the summer holidays and those students who were withdrawing from school at the end of the term to enter industry and commerce were registered. Approximately 35,000 permanent records and medical cards were cleared through the Bureau during the year. Inspector Straight and his staff are to be commended on the excellence of the work accomplished. NIGHT-SCHOOLS. Each year sees changes in the night-school programme, new courses being offered and others being withdrawn temporarily or permanently. During the year 240 classes were operated, in which instruction was given to over 6,000 adults in ninety-five different subjects. It is hoped that the field of adult education will be extended still further. There is no doubt that the more education the adult receives, the greater will be the home influence on the education of the children. HEALTH SERVICES. The usual high standard of school medical health services has been maintained. This could not have been done without the interest, co-operation, and untiring efforts on the part of the medical, dental, nursing, and teaching staff. To Dr. Stewart Murray, Chief Medical Health Officer of the Metropolitan Health Board, and his efficient staff, I extend my thanks for their magnificent contribution to the health programme of our school system. JJ 54 PUBLIC SCHOOLS REPORT, 1947-48. INSTRUCTION. Special supervisors in Music, Art, Handicrafts, Industrial Arts, Home Economics, Physical Education, and primary grades have assisted the Superintendent, Inspectors, and principals in teacher growth and development. The standard of class-room instruction has been maintained at a very high level. Principals of all schools, both primary and secondary, have given a portion of their time to assist in the supervision of instruction and pupil-teacher growth. All new appointees to the teaching staff have been given special assistance and observation by the Inspectors. In-service training classes have been organized for many teachers desiring help and guidance. Because of the large number of applicants for employment to the teaching staff from places outside British Columbia, there has been no great shortage of teachers. It has been difficult, however, to get a sufficient number of well-qualified teachers in Physical Education and primary methods. I am well satisfied with the advances that we have been able to make, in spite of many interruptions, by activities which originate outside the school system. The following members of the staff were granted superannuation. All of them are to be highly commended for their many years of loyal and efficient service:— Name. School. Date of Appointment. E. W. Parker August, 1911. October, 1923. F. G. Barger Van Home Elementary April, 1913. Miss L. B. Clark Miss E F. Crake Augrust, 1923. I report with regret the death of the following members of the staff, who have served our school system so faithfully:— Name. School. Date appointed. Date of Decease. E. W. Crawford Technical High Principal, Charles Dickens J. T. Boyes September, 1921 May 27, 1948. July 11, 1948. July 18, 1948. J. W. B. Shore September, 1925 CONCLUSION. In conclusion I should like to thank the Mayor, City Council, Library Board, Park Board, Fire Department, Police Department, and all officials of these organizations for their excellent co-operation at all times. To the press I am particularly indebted for the fair presentation made to the public concerning many intricate school problems. Needless to say, this excellent year's work could not have been accomplished without the entire support and co-operation of the Board of School Trustees and entire staff. To you, sir, and other members of your Education Department, I am most grateful for your advice, guidance, and support at all times. REPORTS OF MUNICIPAL INSPECTORS. SCHOOL DISTRICT No. 61 (GREATER VICTORIA), REPORT OF J. F. K. ENGLISH, M.A., B.Paed., SENIOR MUNICIPAL INSPECTOR, AND JOHN GOUGH, M.A., MUNICIPAL INSPECTOR. The overwhelming support for the school-building by-law given by the ratepayers in June, 1947, is proof that the citizens in Greater Victoria are sincerely concerned with the educational welfare of the children in this district. The general expansion of the area, with its large increase in school population, amply justifies the policy of the Board to build for the future. However, notwithstanding the fact that authority was given by the people to proceed with a carefully planned programme, we have not been able to make as much progress as we could have wished. The new technical-vocational unit begun in May will be completed by December, 1948. We expect that the courses given in this field will be of great value, not only to pupils in school, but also to adults in evening classes. Labour and materials particularly are still in short supply. Building costs remain high, and at this time the Board of School Trustees faces many difficulties in proceeding with the building programme, although additional school accommodation at both the elementary and high school levels is very urgently needed. Victoria College. (John M. Ewing, B.A., D.Paed., Principal.) In 1947-48, for the first time in its history, the College had its own fully equipped laboratory facilities in biology, chemistry, and physics. This added very greatly to the efficiency of the institution. The warm and grateful thanks of the College are tendered to Principal H. L. Smith and his staff for co-operation in the matter of laboratories over many years. New courses were added as follows in 1947-48: Geography 101, Geography 202, Home Economics 90 and 91, Home Economics 200 and 201, French 203, Philosophy 205, Psychology 200. During the College year the following members of the faculty were absent on postgraduate studies: W. Harry Hickman, M.A., to attend the Sorbonne, Paris; Sydney G. Pettit, M.A., to attend the University of Washington, Seattle, Wash.; Roger J. Bishop, M.A., to attend the University of Toronto; Phyllis Baxendale, B.A., to attend the University of California, Berkeley, Calif.; Marjorie Griffin, B.A., to attend the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Calif. The annual assembly was held on the evening of October 24th in the auditorium. The guest speaker was Air Commodore J. L. Plant and the University was most acceptably represented by the Chancellor, the Honourable Eric W. Hamber. Student activities were varied and many. Some twenty societies and clubs continued to flourish as student enterprises. Special mention should be made of the Chemical Institute of Canada, which won national recognition for its fine achievements under the guidance of Prof. L. J. Clark. Secondary Schools. (J. F. K. English, M.A., B.Paed., Senior Municipal Inspector of Schools.) Victoria High School. Beyond doubt, never before in the history of the Victoria High School has there been such a measure of student participation in school affairs as was evident in the year just completed. This was manifest especially in the athletic programme of our school. This spirit of co-operation was manifest in the harmony of effort displayed to provide for a suitable memorial to the graduates and former students of the Victoria High School who had given their lives in World War II. Under the capable and enthusiastic leadership of a staff committee comprised of teachers who had served in the armed forces, an objective of $20,000 was decided upon for this purpose. The fact that more than $13,000 of this amount has already been raised is in itself adequate testimony to the initiative, industry, and co-operation of the entire school population, staff and students alike. It is hoped that within the coming months a beginning will be made on the actual structure in order that the friends of the school who have contributed so generously will see some tangible evidence of their sacrifice and good-will. Improved learning situations within the class-room also have not been neglected. Recently there has been a growing tendency on the part of many University Entrance students not only to complete the requirements necessary for entering college, but, in addition, through the facilities available in our excellent Commercial Department, so to enrich their courses by the choice of Commercial options as to equip themselves for business positions. Oak Bay High School. Enrolment through the year has been remarkably uniform. In September it totalled 397 and at.April 30th 395 pupils were in attendance at the school. Class-room accommodation is taxed to provide for the optional subjects. A broad choice of courses is offered the pupils. In harmony with the modern philosophy of education, leadership among the pupils and learning by doing are stressed throughout the school. Most pupils work toward their High School Graduation and University Entrance. Elective courses in Art, Commercial subjects, Music, Home Economics and Industrial Arts, Chemistry A, and Physics A are popular. The school mixed choir has been particularly successful and in demand through the year. For the first time the Industrial Arts classes have included both Woodwork and Metalwork for the boys. I must report very favourably on the excellent record of the library. The key-note of this work is getting the pupils to read, and an excellent selection of worth-while books of fiction is available for borrowing by the student-body. In addition, there is an adequate reference section and a voluminous file of material on many vocations that is in constant use. Mount View High School. Enrolment for the school-year 1947-48 has continued to tax the capacity of the building and equipment. The size of this year's graduating class, the largest in the history of the school, is an indication that extra class-room space will soon be a necessity. During the year the programme offered was extended, particularly in the Industrial Arts Department. The new Industrial Arts building, with its equipment and staff, made it possible to offer courses not hitherto given. The Commercial divisions continued to attract a large group of students. Graduates of this department have always been successful in offices and in positions for which their training had fitted them. Esquimalt High School. An additional division was opened in the Esquimalt High School in 1947-48, making a total of seven divisions. The staff was likewise enlarged to nine full-time teachers. This lessened the teaching load of all members of the staff, facilitated timetable construction, and increased the openings available in the school. For the first time it was possible to offer both Biology A and Physics A in the one year. REPORTS OF MUNICIPAL INSPECTORS. JJ 57 Commercial students who had completed Grade X were transferred to Victoria High School for advanced work. Several boys also went to Victoria High School to take vocational courses. Mount Douglas High School. The enrolment at this school has been about the same for the past ten years, with five full-time teachers comprising the staff. In addition to the regular academic courses, Commercial subjects, Home Economics, Industrial Arts, Music, Drama, and Journalism are available as optional courses. This school can also give optional sciences in Grade XII as well as Latin throughout, always providing that sufficient students enrol for these particular subjects. Mount Douglas High School was accredited for the first time this year in recognition of the fine academic standing which has been maintained for a period of several years. Central Junior High School. The enrolment at this school dropped somewhat this year, largely because of recent changes in the boundaries between this school and the Margaret Jenkins and Oaklands Schools. This year we enrolled 136 pupils in Grade IX, compared with an average enrolment of 156 in this grade during the three previous years. The effect of this curtailment will be cumulative over the years, unless a new source of supply is found. This year 175 pupils of Grade IX prepared job-studies based upon original research dealing with the work carried on in about nine local industries. Formerly all studies had been made from reading material supplied, largely by the Department of Education. A few Grade VIII pupils, who requested to do so, also participated in the project. All the pupils of Grades IX and VIII made industrial tours during British Columbia Industries Open House Week. Elementary Schools. (John Gough, M.A., Municipal Inspector of Schools.) Twenty-seven elementary schools were in operation during the school-year to serve a total enrolment of 7,287 pupils. Several auditoriums and annexes were utilized to provide temporary accommodation for the increase of 341 elementary pupils over the previous year. The co-operative assistance of the 217 teachers associated with these schools, many of whom had to work under difficult conditions, is greatly appreciated by trustees and officials. With reference to the in-service training of teachers, special attention was given to providing teachers of Grades I to VI with unit outlines relating to the recently revised programme in Social Studies. In addition to offering practical suggestions regarding procedure, area of content, pupil activity, and instructional aids, the outlines served to co-ordinate the work at the various grade-levels. The appreciation of famous paintings was stimulated by circulating folios of reproductions among the schools. Helpful guidance was offered in various other subject fields of the curriculum by supervisors whose reports follow. Kindergarten-Primary Department. (Miss Marion D. James, Director.) During the school-year 1947-48 my work as Director of Kindergarten-Primary work in the Greater Victoria schools was chiefly concerned with the regular supervision of sixteen (eight centres) kindergarten classes, ninety-three (Grades I to III) primary classes, three craft classes (primary, junior, and intermediate), and the administration of the Educational Centre Reference Room. In addition to this regular work, I assisted several beginning teachers in the intermediate grades. My work of JJ 58 PUBLIC SCHOOLS REPORT, 1947-48. supervision was done through consultations with the principals, visits to class-rooms, demonstration teaching, office interviews, attendance at special school functions, conferences with groups of teachers, and regular primary meetings held once a month. Many teachers and interested visitors from England and other parts were shown through the primary classes and entertained at teas and school functions. The popularity of the kindergartens grows each year, as shown by the increased demand for admittance. Teachers who have received pupils from kindergarten classes are most enthusiastic about the training these children have received during the kindergarten year. Meetings with parents have been held in all centres and have proved very valuable. Primary-Junior-Intermediate-Senior Crafts Department. (Miss A. Verna Turner, M.A., Director.) Between fifteen and twenty pupils attended each of the four crafts classes again this year. The age-groups represented were: Primary, 6 to 9 years; junior, 8 to 10 years; intermediate, 10 to 12 years; senior, 13 to 17 years. In all four classes, handicrafts played an important part in instruction, and the three R's were related to activities wherever possible. Primary.—The primary children were given a new start in reading, spelling, writing, and number-work. To promote a higher standard of skill in writing and neatness in book-work, time was given to art design, using pencil, ruler, crayons, and, later, paints. Practical art in the form of raffia-work and wool and canvas work was given to encourage muscular development of fingers and hands. Junior.—Throughout the year the children had two afternoons a week away from their regular class-room—one in studying Home Economics at South Park, the other in Manual Training at Quadra. At Home Economics they had lessons and practice in cooking, sewing, weaving, and spool knitting. Some very artistic and useful articles were made at Manual Training; these included bread-boards, book-ends, tea-trays, and flower-pot stands—interesting results which pleased the children and gave them confidence. Mornings and afternoons in the regular class-room were spent on the basic subjects of reading, spelling, writing, arithmetic, science, health, and social studies. The pupils prepared booklets pertaining to their work. Seat-work was interspersed for variety with games, songs, painting and colouring, clay modelling, weaving, potato printing, and making purses and small pictures from felt. Intermediate.—During the year Manual Training and Home Economics were taken. The work in Manual Training included woodwork, metalwork, and elementary electricity. The Home Economics class put on three teas during the year, one of which was for the members of the I.O.D.E. Chapter who have adopted this class. The entire preparations were done by the children. A great deal of credit is due to the instructors of these courses for their co-operation and understanding. Special emphasis was placed on the basic subjects, and there was a greater attempt this year to introduce Social Studies and Science. Senior.—During the year twenty boys attended the senior craft class at Central Junior High School. The attendance was good. Department op Physical Education. (George Grant, B.A., Director.) Some idea of the extent of the Physical Education programme in this district can be judged by the number of teachers engaged in teaching it. Including the primary teachers, the figures are: Elementary, 184; junior and senior high, 15. In the high REPORTS OF MUNICIPAL INSPECTORS. JJ 59 schools, besides this number, another twenty to twenty-five teachers contribute in no small measure to the success of the intra-mural and inter-school athletic programmes. Altogether, nearly two-thirds of the teaching-body participate in some way or another. Besides visits to the schools with accompanying observations, many suggestions were made to the teachers with respect to the improvement of techniques and the raising of standards. More emphasis has been placed on swimming programmes this year, and notable features have been:— (1) High school classes for girls in regular physical education periods conducted over a ten-week period by Misses Lifton and Stanley, of Victoria High School. These classes were arranged so their period came either last in the morning or last in the afternoon. A Red Cross instructors' course for high school pupils resulted in thirteen boys and girls qualifying as instructors. Thirteen others earned Senior Swimmer and two other Intermediate Swimmer awards. These thirteen instructors conducted learn-to-swim classes after school- hours for high school students, sixty-five of whom took all or part of the training. A learn-to-swim class for teachers resulted in six teachers taking part. The Grade V learn-to-swim programme was repeated and was more successful than last year. The chief reason for this was the division of every class into three levels of ability and giving instruction suitable to each. Mr. Ed. Kelter, of the Pro-Rec, gave time to every afternoon class in advanced swimming and diving. Every child who wished had a chance to try the Red Cross junior test, but more important than this is the fact that almost 100 per cent, of the 750 children who took the classes learned to enjoy and make some progress in the water. A summary of the success of the swimming programme conducted in conjunction with the Red Cross is shown as follows:— (2) (3) (4) (5) Number taking part. Number tested. Number successful. Junior. Intermediate. Senior. Junior. Intermediate. Senior. 750 66 55 28 282 28 11 18 2 10 11 248 23 11 17 2 9 11 898 321 20 21 282 19 20 Child Study Department. (Miss Verna Turner, M.A., Director.) Tests and measurements of various kinds are used in education for a number of purposes—to measure achievement, scholastic ability, aptitude, and the like. In Greater Victoria the Child Study Department continues to offer mental measurement as a major service, but places its chief emphasis on the use of tests to improve instruction and to direct remedial work. Other purposes were served at the same time by the same tests—purposes relating to educational guidance, placement, promotion, and programming of individual pupils. During the fall term of 1947 the Child Study Department directed a testing programme in scholastic aptitude through several grades with class teachers sharing in administering and scoring the group tests. Many individual psychometric examina- tions were given and case-studies started in a number of instances. As an aid in making Provincial surveys, aptitude tests were given in three grades for the Department of Education. In addition, an achievement test in Grade XI reading was given—■ a survey test that will be made each year among all students in Greater Victoria schools before they enter Grade XII. Standardized achievement tests, when used along with scholastic aptitude tests, are invaluable instruments in education to-day—and from January to June, 1948, an intensive " spring testing programme " of achievement was carried out in various subjects and grades. It has been the policy of the Child Study Department to give all such achievement tests, to score and analyse them, and to record sheets, error studies, bulletins, and talks. The major objective of such a testing programme is to improve instruction and to pick out remedial cases in time to do something for them. When remedial cases had been identified by the Child Study Department, the special treatment needed to correct their weaknesses was prescribed by publishing error studies and supplying remedial work-books in basic subjects like reading and arithmetic. Audio-Visual Department. (Denis W. Brown, B.A., Part-time Director.) This Department was authorized on January 5th, 1948, to facilitate distribution of films, train teachers in the use of audio-visual aids, plan a programme of in-service training, and co-ordinate the various aspects of audio-visual work in the schools of Greater Victoria. In the first four months of operation the Audio-Visual Department maintained the distribution service within the limits permitted by films available from the Division of Visual Education. In addition, this Department notified weekly each school of titles, contents, the grades and subjects for which films provided were suitable, and also supplied evaluation cards which summarized the value of motion pictures received. A complete survey was made of all motion-picture requirements for Greater Victoria in 1948-49. This was submitted to the Visual Division of the Department of Education and will result in films being provided when and as required for the coming school-year. School Dental Health Services. (Hugh Clarke, D.D.S., Director.) This year the school dental health service was extended to all schools in the Greater Victoria school system. In September Dr. David Parfitt was added to the dental staff. The following is a report for the nine months ended May 31st, 1948:— Dental inspections made 16,750 Parents interviewed 930 Fillings of all kinds 1,673 Teeth extracted 182 Miscellaneous treatments given 478 Children having teeth cleaned 1,168 Speech Therapy Department. (Miss Marie C. Crickmay, Director.) During the school-year September, 1947, to June, 1948, 310 children with speech difficulties varying from slight to severe were examined in the schools of Greater Victoria. This number represents a considerable increase over the 240 children exam- REPORTS OF MUNICIPAL INSPECTORS. JJ 61 ined during the previous school-year and points to the way in which the work of this Department is expanding each year. Of the children examined, eighty have been treated throughout the year, and of these, 41.5 per cent, now have normal speech and the remainder have all shown varying degrees of improvement. It is interesting to note that 80 per cent, of the children receiving help for their speech are boys, which bears out the contention that girls have a more rugged speech mechanism than boys, and so are less likely to develop speech difficulties. Contact with parents has been continuous throughout the year. The parents of each case are interviewed before treatment is started and at regular intervals throughout the treatment to discuss any problem that may have arisen, and to ensure that both the home and the clinic are handling the problem along similar lines. Contact with teachers of children with speech difficulties has been continuous throughout the year, and thanks are due to them for their co-operation and good-will, which have contributed immeasurably to the success of the year's work. Music Department. (H. J. Bigsby, B.Mus., Acting Director.) The regular class-room music programme this year was a continuance of the objectives and attainments as set down for last year; that is, standardization of time allotments, materials, and objectives, while still endeavouring to leave a certain latitude to the individual teacher's special interests. Supplementary material was made available to the schools and on loan through the Education Centre. The record library of the Centre supplemented the listening programme for those teachers who did not use the radio programmes or wished to introduce additional materials. Through the Primary Department the rhythm band programme was materially expanded by demonstrations and panel discussions. More instruments were distributed to the schools. The first school music festival for the Greater Victoria School District was held from November 17th to 28th. November was chosen as the time for the festival to prevent overintensive preparation for such an event and to leave the spring term free for other events. This chosen time was an experiment and worked out quite successfully. Approximately 5,000 children in Grades III to VIII participated in the daily sessions—all these grades from every school. The festival was conducted on a noncompetitive basis, the philosophy being it provided children with an opportunity to sing to one another and to compare their efforts with those of similar age-groups. Helpful comments were offered by a " commentator," and it was hoped that these would help to improve the teaching of music in the schools. The school instrumental programme continued to advance this year. A group of forty beginners were enrolled in the two centres. Through the efforts of the Band Committee a number of new instruments were purchased and sixty uniforms were secured. The two bands combined frequently this year for public performances to form a Greater Victoria Schools Band of sixty pieces. A very successful two-night concert in aid of the Uniform Fund was staged in April. Home Economics Department. (Miss B. T. Ramsay, M.A., Part-time Director.) During the past year the following students have attended the Home Economics classes: Grade VII, 423; Grade VIII, 414; Grade IX, 247; Grade X, 175; Grade XI, 68; Grade XII, 26; craft classes, 52. JJ 62 PUBLIC SCHOOLS REPORT, 1947-48. In addition to their teaching duties, several of the teachers managed the school cafeterias. Numbers eating in the cafeterias have shown a continual increase, and more accommodation is needed in some schools. The junior and senior craft classes have been given practical work in foods and clothing suited to their ability. These classes have proved very satisfactory, and the students, especially the boys, have shown a great deal of interest. In the spring, open house was held in a number of schools in conjunction with the Industrial Arts. In most cases there was a good attendance of parents and friends who showed a great deal of interest and appreciation of work done. Monthly meetings of the Home Economics teachers have been held throughout the year. Industrial Arts and Vocational Training. (George Anstey, Director.) There is an excellent spirit of co-operation and industry shown by all sixteen instructors. Monthly meetings have been conducted by a chairman other than myself. Discussions have included the following topics: Courses of study, record cards, marking of students' work, report forms, requisitions, and stock books, etc. Much benefit is derived from these informal conferences. While an uncertain attempt was made to introduce the vocational training courses in the school system last year, it was done so hurriedly that they were not entirely satisfactory. This year the results were much better and will improve after more experience has been gained. Four courses were conducted—three at Victoria High School and one temporarily at Mount View High School. The four Vocational Trade Committees set up last year have been meeting from time to time. They have been helpful in planning the layout of the shops and in drawing up lists of the equipment needed. In the future more thought will be given to course content and to the placement of graduate students. Evening Classes. (George Anstey, Director.) Evening classes were held at the following centres during the school-year 1947-48:— Listed. Closed. Extra Classes. Conducted. Victoria High School Central Junior High School Old Oak Bay High School Mount View High School Quadra Industrial Arts School Kings Road Motor Mechanics School Market Building Totals 33 5 3 5 1 1 5 53 The above numbers represent individual classes. Some subjects, such as dressmaking and woodwork, were held in more than one building. The number of subjects taught was thirty-three. During the months of January and February, with the exception of those held at the Victoria High School, all classes were closed for several weeks. Although the time lost was made up later, the continuity of instruction was broken and some students did not return. The enrolment and attendance were a little better than last year, as follows:— 1946-47. 1947-48. October enrolment 1,295 1,360 March enrolment 960 1,018 Certificates awarded : 540 518 Attendance requirements to earn a certificate were raised from 70 per cent, to 75 per cent. At one time it was only 60 per cent. Also, teachers were instructed to be less generous in their recommendations. Final examinations were given in many of the courses, but not possible in all. SCHOOL DISTRICT No. 40 (NEW WESTMINSTER), REPORT OF ROY S. SHIELDS, B.A., MUNICIPAL INSPECTOR OF SCHOOLS. The general organization of our school system remained practically the same as of other years and, with added facilities, served efficiently the educational requirements of the City of New Westminster. The addition to Lord Tweedsmuir Elementary School of four class-rooms, an activity-room, lunch-room, etc., equipped with indirect fluorescent lighting, hot and cold water, library facilities, and modern cloak-space marks a definite progressive contribution to pupil educational environment. The Board of School Trustees is to be commended for its progressive attitude in regard to buildings and equipment. Old buildings are kept in constant repair and new ones are planned. Outstanding will be the new junior high school, meeting the requirements of 1,200 students; details will be given in a later report. All departments in the school system functioned smoothly and efficiently, especially are we pleased with the success of the elementary pool library. It was organized in September, 1947, as a supplementary book collection to augment the basic libraries of the six elementary schools. Miss Hilda Smith is librarian. Some 2,500 books have been ordered, covering recreational reading and all curriculum subjects—Grades I toVI. In the past year three circulations of books have been made to all elementary schools. This method of distribution has been found very helpful in adding to the existing supply of books in the basic school libraries; the present success of this new department augurs well for the future. Music, as usual, received special attention through the elementary and junior secondary levels, and we feel justly proud of the work done under the direction of Mr. Fred Turner. His touring school bands brought credit to himself and to the school organization. The Physical Educational Department had its finest year, and too much appreciation cannot be expressed to those teachers who, in spite of heavy academic teaching loads, find time and take the opportunity to combine good sportsmanship with bodily training. In May a most successful interprovincial senior high school baseball tournament was held and ably supervised and directed by Mr. Ken Wright, of Duke of Connaught Senior High School. The most notable success of our Physical Education programme was the success of Miss Pat Jones, T. J. Trapp Technical Senior High, as one of the Canadian track team representing Canada at the Olympic Games held in London, and her achievement as being one of the first students to represent any high school in Canada at such a gathering is worthy of great commendation. Two other Trapp Technical students received Provincial honours—Darryl Rouleau, Grade X, won the junior Provincial championship in the short track events, while Jack Loretta captured the championship in the field events at Powell River. Congratulations to Miss L. McKenzie, Physical Education instructress at Trapp Technical, and to Mr. Rudy Wylie, Physical Education instructor at Technical, and to the many teachers who assist in departments other than their own. The medical and dental departments again played a most important part in the general welfare of the student-body. All secondary-school pupils were checked for tuberculosis, with perfect results. Psychiatric clinics were held at regular intervals, and it is noted that the Health Committee, in conjunction with the Management Committee, has almost completed plans for special classes to care more adequately for those pupils who find the daily routine of school-work somewhat difficult. The regular work of both the medical and dental clinic was of a very high standard. Night-school classes operated successfully at T. J. Trapp Technical Senior High School under the principalship of Mr. R. B. Vaughan. Plans for broader courses are now being laid for next year. Commendable interest has been taken in school journalism in all schools; magazines and school annuals of a very high standard are being produced. Public speaking and general student participation wherever possible is profitably encouraged. The use of visual and auditory aids has reached a creditable standard. All schools are fully equipped and appreciation is here expressed of the assistance given by Mr. J. Pollock of the Visual Education Department. A very fine public address system is being installed in the Lord Tweedsmuir Elementary School by the pupils, teachers, and Parent-Teacher Association, and will be a definite acquisition to the school equipment. The number of teachers taking advantage of Summer School and reading courses offered by educational institutions at home and abroad is gratifying. Hearty co-operation in the testing field has been received from Dr. Conway at all times. In the vocational field Mr. Harold Johns has spared neither time nor effort on our pupils' behalf. I am pleased with the development of the drama, under the chairmanship of Mr. E. H. Lock. This sphere of work has been extended to include all schools of the city, elementary and secondary. The results have been far reaching in the daily work of the class-room, as well as stimulating interest in this cultural leisure-time activity. While cadets were not carried on in the secondary schools this past year, great interest has been shown by those teachers with military experience in seeing that student cadet material have full information as to the Sea Cadets and the Army Cadets. In July Lieut.-Col. W. J. Williams, of the T. J. Trapp Technical High School staff, was invited by the Command Cadet Officer to attend a conference to be held on July 27th at Cadet Trades Training Camp at Camp Ipperwash, Ontario. The trades-training courses conducted from June 20th to July 30th were an experiment to test the feasibility of teaching Canadian Army signals and mechanical transport trades to Royal Canadian Army Cadets The courses require attendance at camp for a six-week period for three summers. Upon successful completion of each six-week period a cadet receives a bonus of $60, and at the end of his third summer he receives, in addition, a Group 1 army trades qualification in the subject he has taken. This qualification makes it possible for him to enter the Canadian Army (Active or Reserve Force) and to receive Group 1 trade's pay after a brief refresher course. REPORTS OF MUNICIPAL INSPECTORS. JJ 65 One hundred and seventy-five cadets from technical schools in Central Command were attending courses in Signals and Mechanical Transport, and from all appearances the experiment was a great success. The cadets displayed a remarkable keenness in learning these subjects, and it was thought by the instructors that many will be able to obtain their trades' qualifications after only two summers' attendance at camp. The representative from British Columbia thought cadets should come from all high schools rather than technical schools, as so few had automotive departments. Grateful acknowledgment is made herewith for scholarships granted to the senior high schools by the Canadian Legion, University Women's Club, Kiwanis Club, V.C. Memorial Scholarship, and the P.E.O. Sisterhood. I wish to express appreciation to the Department of Education for its hearty co-operation at all times, to an energetic and constructive Board of School Trustees conscious of its responsibilities, to a capable and progressive organization of teachers, and to those groups of Parent-Teacher Associations and service clubs who are keenly interested in the welfare of our boys and girls. SCHOOL DISTRICTS No. 44 (NORTH VANCOUVER) AND No. 45 (WEST VANCOUVER). REPORT OF WILLIAM GRAY, M.A., MUNICIPAL INSPECTOR OF SCHOOLS. The school-year 1947-48 opened with an enrolment of 4,946 pupils and 159 teachers, an increase in pupils of 249 and in teachers of 6. North Vancouver. Until a few years ago most of the schools in this district had rooms available for music, art, and other special subjects, as well as space for lunch-rooms. Now, with the demand for class-rooms, these special rooms have disappeared, and progress in respect of such special subjects has been somewhat retarded in consequence. However, this district was more fortunate than many others, since in only one school -was it necessary to employ a double shift. In the western section of the district, which is developing very rapidly as a residential area, two new class-rooms were added to Capilano School. These are primary rooms, very well heated and lighted, and they have proved very attractive to the younger children. During the past year the School Board has given careful consideration to the Report on Town Planning, submitted by the firm of Harland Bartholomew, particularly as it affects schools, and planning for future development should thus be more efficient. The Board is in agreement with the Report, in which it is suggested that the answer to the present congestion in the schools is the construction of one or more junior high schools, and efforts of the Board are being directed to this end. One other major project is in progress—namely, the construction of a gymnasium and cafeteria adjacent to the high school. If and when completed, this will be the first unit of a group of buildings which will be made available for community use after school-hours. Assistance in this project has come from an organization in North Vancouver known as the Memorial Community Centre, which has made a very definite contribution to the community life of this district during the past three years. A typical example is the Community College, a programme of night-school classes organized JJ 66 PUBLIC SCHOOLS REPORT, 1947-48. jointly by the Board of School Trustees and the Community Centre group. One course offered during the year was car-driving. Earlier in the year a similar course was given extra-murally to a group of high school students with such success that a demand for a class for adults was made. It was carried on with excellent results. The first year of the vocational-technical unit was completed successfully. Classes in machine-shop practice and in carpentry and cabinetmaking created keen interest among high school boys. Visits to various industrial plants and demonstration of technical operations in these plants proved to be of high educational value. West Vancouver. Major objectives of the School Board during the year have been (1) planning new buildings, (2) renovating and extending playgrounds, and (3) proper maintenance of existing buildings. New buildings approved by by-law include an elementary school of six rooms with provision for additions, a high school unit to accommodate Commercial, Home Economics, and Industrial Arts classes, and an auditorium-cafeteria to be added to Pauline Johnson Elementary School. With regard to playgrounds, additional acreage has been obtained for the Pauline Johnson School site to give more playing-space, and extensive alterations are being made at the high school site to provide suitable playing-fields there. Future plans provide for an elementary school in the western section of the district in order to reduce the amount of transportation from that area necessary at the present time. The number of school-children there is not yet sufficient to warrant construction of a school. General. The work done in the class-rooms of both districts continues to be of a high order, indicating a large measure of interest and effort on the part of both teachers and students. Objective evidence of this fact is obtained from the results of the testing programme arranged by the Director of the Division of Tests, Standards, and Research. Principals are assuming more responsibility in connection with supervision of their staffs and are giving more assistance to new teachers or those lacking in experience or showing weaknesses in teaching techniques. Interest in the schools is displayed by the various Parent-Teacher Associations, and assistance in various forms is given by a number of service organizations in the community. In such ways the School Boards are encouraged in their efforts to build up a sound educational system. SCHOOL DISTRICT No. 41 (BURNABY). REPORT OF C. G. BROWN, M.A., MUNICIPAL INSPECTOR OF SCHOOLS. School Enrolment. The schools opened the new term with 6,647 pupils enrolled, as follows: Elementary, 4,088; junior high, 1,583; senior high, 976. Of this number, 825 were beginners in the primary department. The instructional staff consisted of 213 teachers. Considerable activity in housing developments indicates that Burnaby's school population, in the next few years, will reach unprecedented levels, which will require the close surveillance of the municipal authorities in order that appropriate and adequate provision be made for future accommodation. REPORTS OF MUNICIPAL INSPECTORS. JJ 67 The School Board is well aware of this rapid expansion and has projected a building programme that will, if implemented, meet the minimum requirements of the prospective school population. Supervision of Instruction. To assist in the educational administration, Miss Jean Bailey, B.A., was added to the staff last year to act as consultant to the teachers of the intermediate grades, as Miss Kathleen Collins so ably was doing in the primary field. During the year, under the direction of these two ladies, a number of demonstrations and workshops were organized to provide opportunities for teachers to acquaint themselves with a number of new and approved procedures and thus widen their educational horizons. Plans are under way to extend this programme of in-service training, which has already shown many commendable results. To acquaint teachers with educational literature and with new library books and supplementary readers, a two-day book display was arranged in Burnaby. This proved a very successful experiment and greatly aided the teachers in their selection of reading materials for the year. Also, under the direction of Miss Bailey and Miss Collins, a library service was developed in conjunction with the North Burnaby Community Library and the Vancouver Public Library to extend the reading opportunities of the pupils on double shift. During their off-periods the pupils were brought to the library and, under the guidance of their teachers, explored the new books made available for this purpose. During the year, by courtesy of the educational associations of Washington State and the Burnaby School Board, permission was given for our supervisors to attend conferences in Spokane and Seattle and to exchange views with educators in other fields. Return visits were arranged whereby educational administrators from Washington had an opportunity to see our schools and to share their experiences with us. Medical Health Services. The school health services, under the metropolitan health plan, were conducted along the lines of the preceding year and with approximately the same staff. The occurrence of flood conditions in the spring of 1948 necessitated the carrying-out of preventive health measures and imposed additional duties and obligations upon the nursing staff. The routine examination continued throughout the school-year; the students of Grades I, VII, and X were examined by the Medical Health Officer, and the pupils of all other grades were examined by the school nurses. In addition, all students participating in major sports were examined in September, and in February 1,202 students from Grades IX to XIII were examined for tuberculosis by the mobile X-ray survey unit. Later, in March, a special examination was made of 300 pupils in one of the elementary schools where a case of tuberculosis had been discovered. It is worthy of note that during the school-year only one case of tuberculosis in a child was found. Dental services, through the two clinics, were given to the pupils from Grades I, II, III, and IV, and to pupils from other grades for emergency treatment. Approximately thirty pupils per month were referred to the eye clinic for examination. Dr. Gundry conducted monthly mental hygiene clinics at the Health Centre and attended to a number of cases referred to him. In addition to these services rendered at our own clinics, about thirty children were referred to the Children's Hospital for orthopaedic service and for the correction of other deformities. The Health Centre continued with its work in vaccination and immunization against infectious diseases, particularly among the preschool children. JJ 68 PUBLIC SCHOOLS REPORT, 1947-48. General. Burnaby is experiencing a period of active expansion similar to that affecting many other municipalities. During the past two or three years over 1,200 new homes annually have been under construction. New housing developments have centred in certain areas and have altered materially the problem of school accommodation. Thus former plans have had to be constantly changed and extended to meet the new situations that continue to arise in these areas. The widening of Kingsway, which will result in greatly increased traffic, has made it desirable that the School Board consider plans to eliminate the necessity for large numbers of pupils to cross this arterial highway to reach their schools. Consequently, the Board has been on the alert to secure new school-sites and to make plans for meeting the problems which will shape up in the very near future. In concluding this report, I would like to pay tribute to the energy and foresight displayed by the Board of School Trustees in their consideration of the many difficult administrative problems during the year and to the very loyal and active co-operation of the Burnaby teaching staff. SCHOOL DISTRICT No. 36 (SURREY), REPORT OF K. B. WOODWARD, B.A., B.Paed., MUNICIPAL INSPECTOR OF SCHOOLS. In School District No. 36 during the school-year 1947-48 the enrolment continued to grow steadily until before school-closing the total of 5,000 pupils was reached and the teaching staff had increased to 150. Early in the year three additions totalling five class-rooms, which were part of a programme authorized the preceding December, were completed, and we were able to take ten classes off the double shift and place them on the regular school-day. After considerable unavoidable delay, work was begun on three elementary schools, one of two class-rooms, and two of four and one junior-senior high school of fourteen class-rooms which also had been approved by the by-law. However, delays persisted and the school-year ended before any of them were finished. Forty-six classes were on the double shift when school closed in June. When the buildings authorized by the by-law of 1946 are completed, accommodation will still be far from adequate, so at the present time the School Board is preparing plans for an addition of two rooms, five four-roomed elementary schools, and another junior-senior high school of fourteen class-rooms. They also are including in the bylaw a much-needed administration building which will house offices, workshops, and storerooms. It is expected that a by-law to raise the district's share of this project will be placed before the ratepayers at the December elections. The turnover of staff was greater than in any previous year. Eighty-one new teachers were engaged. This number, out of a total of 150, is far too many for effective teaching. If the pupils of Surrey are to make the progress they should, ways must be found of increasing the permanence of the teaching staff. In June the flooding of the Fraser River forced the evacuation of Barnston Island and also made attendance difficult, and in some cases impossible, for the pupils of three other schools. The public health nurses continued to render very helpful service in the schools. They now have a well equipped and furnished building as their headquarters. REPORTS OF MUNICIPAL INSPECTORS. JJ 69 In Surrey the school-year just closed was one characterized principally by waiting and hoping for the future. We hope, early in the next year, to have the buildings under construction completed and in use, and also that the taxpayers will pass the by-law now projected so that the Surrey children may again be given the normal educational opportunities which are more necessary to-day than ever before. In the meantime the teachers working often under serious handicaps carried on faithfully and in almost all cases achieved as satisfactory results as could be expected. I would like to express my appreciation of the work done by the Surrey teaching staff during the year just ended, especially that of those who cheerfully put up with the inconveniences and difficulties occasioned by the double shift, and of the interest and co-operation of the members of the Surrey School Board, who gave most freely of their time and energies. On behalf of the whole school district I would like to thank Colonel Fairey for his patience and help with our many problems. JJ 70 PUBLIC SCHOOLS REPORT, 1947-48. REPORTS OF DISTRICT INSPECTORS. SCHOOL DISTRICTS No. 62 (SOOKE), No. 63 (SAANICH), No. 64 (SALTSPRING), AND No. 65 (COWICHAN). REPORT OF J. E. BROWN, M.A., INSPECTOR OF SCHOOLS. The school-year 1947-48 has been marked by considerable progress in this inspectorate. Projects initiated earlier have been completed or at least advanced. Pupil- teacher and teacher-Board relations have remained friendly and cordial. In spite of a teacher shortage, all schools have been operating with a full quota, and one or two new schools have been opened in remote areas. The following shows the increase in the number of teachers since the school-year 1945-46:— School District. 1945-46. 1947-48. Sept., 1949. No. 62 23 36 16 51 28 43 18 52 33 No. 63 47 No. 64 19 No. 65 56 Totals 126 141 155 Pupil enrolment has continued to increase at a rapid rate in all districts. The providing of adequate accommodation remains one of the chief concerns of School Boards. Nevertheless, high school facilities have been improved and extended to all pupils in the inspectorate. Special attention has been given to providing facilities for Physical and Social Education and for Industrial Arts and Commercial courses. In District No. 62 (Sooke) considerable progress has been made toward carrying out the plans of last year, when a building programme was launched and a by-law passed. New class-rooms have been added to the Langford, Jordan River, and Sooke Elementary Schools. Industrial Arts shops and other improvements are being completed at the Belmont and Milnes Landing High Schools. Similar additions have been made in the high schools of District No. 63 (Saanich), and both schools accredited. Extra class-rooms have been opened in the Sidney and West Saanich Elementary Schools. Plans are being prepared for a new eight-room school at Sidney and new schools at West Saanich and Royal Oak. In District No. 64 (Saltspring) consideration is being given to establishing schools at Retreat Cove and at Fulford Harbour. An additional class-room has already been provided at South Galiano. In this district the high school is located at Ganges, which is also the chief centre of population. This large consolidated school continues to grow at a fairly rapid rate, and new teachers and facilities are required from time to time. In District No. 65 (Cowichan) a building by-law was presented to the ratepayers for approval in November. In spite of considerable opposition the by-law passed, and plans are being prepared for a junior-senior high school at Duncan and elementary schools at Shawnigan Lake, Mill Bay, the Bench, and Crofton areas; also additional class-rooms have been opened at Cobble Hill and Sylvania districts. The problem of transportation has occasioned a considerable amount of discussion and study on the Boards' part. Costs have risen at an alarming rate; so much so that several of the districts have decided to purchase their own buses. It is hoped that with careful planning and efficient management the cost of this item of the budget may be kept within bounds. REPORTS OF DISTRICT INSPECTORS. JJ 71 In spite of the lack of facilities and other handicaps contingent upon a period of reorganization, progress has been made in all districts toward an enrichment of the curriculum. A keen interest has been evinced in school sports, in music and drama, and Junior Red Cross Clubs have been maintained in practically all schools of the inspectorate. Some improvement has been noted in community relations. Parent-Teacher Associations have been organized in nearly all attendance areas, and various social projects and community enterprises have been carried on by the joint efforts of parents and teachers. Through co-operative effort, school libraries have been improved, moving- picture projectors and radios purchased, grounds cleared and trees planted in a number of local school centres. There is undoubtedly a growing appreciation of the school as a community centre. Tribute should be paid to the splendid work carried on by our school nurses. It is probably no accident that the health of the children of school age has been maintained and that no serious epidemics have developed. I would express the hope that the day is not far distant when health services may be extended to all sections of the Province. I wish also to report the appointment of Mr. G. F. Dyson as secretary-treasurer in District No. 65 (Cowichan). Mr. Dyson succeeds Mr. A. VandeCasteyan, whose duties as municipal clerk make it impossible for him to continue in this important office. Finally, I would take this opportunity of expressing sincere appreciation to all School Boards for many courtesies, to secretaries for continued co-operation, and to principals, teachers, and caretakers for a year of faithful service. SCHOOL DISTRICTS No. 14 (SOUTHERN OKANAGAN), No. 15 (PENTICTON), No. 16 (KEREMEOS), AND No. 77 (SUMMERLAND). REPORT OF J. N. BURNETT, M.A., E.D., INSPECTOR OF SCHOOLS. School District. Number op Schools. Number op Teachers. 1946-47. 1947-48. 1946-47. 1947-48. 4 5 5 2* 4 4 5 2 33 60 16 17 41 No. 15 (Penticton) 65 18 21 Totals 16 15 126 145 * Actually in District No. 15 in 1946-47. During 1946-47 all school buildings (including basement rooms and some outside halls) were in use, so that in 1947-48, due to further increased enrolment, more classroom space had to be found in community premises and part-time classes had to be operated in the Oliver Elementary School. To relieve the situation, the following schools are actually under construction:— Approximate Date No. of District and School. of Completion. 14. Southern Okanagan Junior-Senior High November, 1948. 14. Osoyoos Elementary September, 1949. 16. Keremeos Elementary-High September, 1948. JJ 72 PUBLIC SCHOOLS REPORT, 1947-48. In School District No. 15 (Penticton) plans have been drawn for an addition to the high school, a kitchen addition to the auditorium, two elementary-school units of six rooms each, and a locker-room addition and renovation of the gymnasium—all for the schools of Penticton. At Naramata the old school hall is to be renovated and rebuilt to provide a cafeteria-gymnasium and a class-room. The by-laws to provide funds for 50 per cent, of the total estimate of $430,515 have received the assent of the ratepayers. School District No. 77 (Summerland) proposes to reconstruct its elementary school and add a four-room addition with play-shed at an estimated total cost of $104,000. As noted last year, plans for consolidation have been proceeded with cautiously. The bringing of the Cawston and Olalla secondary pupils to Keremeos has been very successful and has met with public favour. This year the Allen Grove ungraded school, 10 miles from Penticton, was closed at the unanimous request of the parents of school-children in that area, and the pupils (approximately nine) transported daily to Penticton schools. An enriched quality of education and broader social contacts will thus be made available to these students. Under the direction of the Division of Tests, Standards, and Research, two series of tests were administered. In the fall term, tests of mental ability were given to Grades V, VIII, and IX. During the spring, Grade V pupils received tests in reading, Grade VIII in science, Grade IX in English usage, and Grade XII students taking Mathematics V or VI in general mathematical ability. For general inspection purposes throughout the grades the following were used in scattered situations: Buckingham- Ayres Spelling Scale, the Willing Scale for Written Composition, Gates Primary Reading, Munro Standardized Silent Reading, and the Vancouver Tests of Reasoning in Arithmetic. The original School District No. 15 (Penticton) from its organization in 1946 was beset with difficulties. In 1947 the controversy between the Councils of Penticton and Summerland over the question of assessments blocked all efforts of the District School Board to proceed with the construction of much-needed school buildings. A new district comprising the Municipality of Summerland and the northern rural area of School District No. 15 (Penticton) was created as from January 1st, 1948, and named School District No. 77 (Summerland). Teacher turnover, particularly in the smaller districts, has been fairly high, but supply has been good and no appreciable difficulty has been experienced in securing suitable replacements. No class-rooms have been closed because of lack of teachers. Negotiated salary scales are operative in all districts and teacher-trustee relations continue to be good. SCHOOL DISTRICTS No. 69 (QUALICUM), No. 70 (ALBERNI), AND UNATTACHED SCHOOL DISTRICTS BAMFIELD, CLAYOQUOT, CLO-OOSE, ESPERANZA, KILDONAN, KYUQUOT, PORT RENFREW, SYDNEY INLET, TAHSIS RIVER, TOFINO, UCLUELET, AND ZEBALLOS. REPORT OF C. L. CAMPBELL, M.A., INSPECTOR OF SCHOOLS. In this inspectorate there were employed 110 teachers, serving in thirty schools. The latter ranged in size and type from a twenty-seven-teacher junior-senior high school to an ungraded school of ten pupils who came from only two families. It is a REPORTS OF DISTRICT INSPECTORS. JJ 73 pleasure to note that the work done and progress made by the pupils in the one-room school compare very favourably with that in most of the graded schools. School District No. 69 (Qualicum). The big problem in this district continues to be one of accommodation. The school population is growing by leaps and bounds, and as yet no satisfactory programme has been planned to meet the situation. Various expedients, including the holding of one class in a school bus, were resorted to until seven new class-rooms were provided about Christmas time by the building of an addition to the Parksville School and the conversion of an army hut at Qualicum. These rooms were immediately filled, so that the problem remains to be faced again next year. In spite of these handicaps, test results indicate that very good work is being done, and pupils in the district are, on the whole, well up to standard. School District No. 70 (Alberni). This district has grown probably as fast or faster than any other in the Province. About half the school-children are housed in converted army huts or other temporary quarters. These conditions, added to the great difficulty of procuring satisfactory living-quarters, have caused a very high teacher turnover, which has not helped the efficiency of instruction. After several years of preparation and a vast amount of hard and careful work, the School Board presented a building by-law to the ratepayers for over $1,250,000. The fact that it passed in all three portions of the district with substantial majorities indicated that the residents realized the need for adequate school buildings. One school at least will be ready for occupancy in September, 1948, and it is to be hoped that the others will be completed by the following year. The teachers of the district, often working under severe handicaps, have been, for the most part, enthusiastic and progressive, and the educational progress is very satisfactory. TT _ Unattached Districts. Great difficulty was experienced in staffing some of these remote and isolated schools, with the result that in some cases poorly qualified people had to be appointed. In two cases these had to be replaced during the first term, and the districts were fortunate indeed to secure competent people at that time. Great credit should be paid to several teachers who remain year after year in some of these schools, even in the face of offers of higher salaries in more comfortable surroundings. This type of devotion is something money cannot buy. A very fine modern two-room school was opened at Port Renfrew, in addition to the one at Bamfield mentioned in last year's Report. The West Coast is developing rapidly, and it is expected that at least two new schools will open next year and that one or more of the older ones will attain the status of superior school. SCHOOL DISTRICTS No. 35 (LANGLEY) AND No. 47 (POWELL RIVER), UNIVERSITY HILL (UNATTACHED), AND THE SCHOOL FOR THE DEAF AND THE BLIND. REPORT OF T. G. CARTER, M.C., INSPECTOR OF SCHOOLS. School District No. 35 (Langley). New elementary schools were constructed at Aldergrove, County Line, West Langley, and Willoughby. In addition, a good beginning was made on the new high JJ 74 PUBLIC SCHOOLS REPORT, 1947-48. school at Langley Prairie. Despite numerous difficulties, a policy of improvement was continued with benefit to buildings, grounds, and equipment. School District No. 47 (Powell River). Here the most important event was the passing, on June 5th, of a by-law with a favourable vote of 96.3 per cent. This by-law provides for a considerable addition to the present high school and for new elementary schools at Blubber Bay, Cranberry Lake, False Bay, Lund, Vananda, and Westview. During the year the physical condition of the existing school buildings was improved and additions made to equipment and especially to the school libraries. University Hill. The new Board of this area has accomplished much since it assumed office little more than a year ago. Its plans envision elementary and high school facilities in tune with the rapidly developing university near by. Though a comparatively small school, one of its students, Charles Patrick Stirling Taylor, led the Province this year in the Junior Matriculation examinations with an average mark of 94.9 per cent. The School for the Deaf and the Blind. This is the first year since near the beginning of the war that all this school has been together on the one campus. A hut was recently secured from War Assets Corporation and fitted out as a dormitory. Plans for further building are under contemplation. Conclusion. Throughout my inspectorate the year has been one of progress. The teaching staffs have been strengthened. The enrolment has continued to increase, and, as a result, the School Boards have been hard-pressed to find sufficient class-room space. However, the time is within sight when the pupils will be spending their school-days in surroundings that are fitting for the important work they are doing. SCHOOL DISTRICTS No. 9 (CASTLEGAR), No. 12 (GRAND FORKS), AND No. 13 (KETTLE VALLEY). REPORT OF C. E. CLAY, B.A., INSPECTOR OF SCHOOLS. „ During the past school-year the many small problems arising from the change-over from the small to the larger administrative unit have been ironed out. As in other districts, there has been noticeable overcrowding. In District No. 9 (Castlegar) this was accentuated when three schools were destroyed—one at Glade by bombing, one at Blueberry by arson, and one at Pass Creek by accidental burning. In District No. 12 (Grand Forks) the situation was alleviated by the erection of a portion of the proposed junior-senior high school, and the balance is now under construction. In each district the ratepayers have signified their awareness of the lack of accommodation by endorsing by-laws to raise money for new buildings. In District No. 9 (Castlegar) a by-law was passed authorizing the Board to raise funds to build three schools and two teacherages—a three-room school at Kinnaird, a four-room school and a teacherage at Tarry's, and one class-room and a teacherage at Gibson Creek. With the exception of the teacherage at Tarry's, all the other buildings are under construction and should be available for September. REPORTS OF DISTRICT INSPECTORS. JJ 75 The ratepayers of District No. 13 (Kettle Valley) endorsed the following programme: One-room extensions at Beaverdell and Bridesville, a new two-room school and teacherage at Kettle Valley, a three-room school and teacherage at Midway, and a teacherage at Beaverdell. In District No. 12 (Grand Forks) construction on the balance of the new junior- senior high school has been started, and the building will be ready for occupancy a year hence. The schools in each district were all fully staffed. Flood conditions in May and June were the cause of five schools in District No. 9 (Castlegar) being closed for several days. In the Castlegar District the members of the teachers' library committee organized travelling libraries. The Board co-operated fully in supplying the books. The work of the trustees cannot pass unnoticed. They have all given freely of their time and services. In all matters and at all times they have co-operated fully and have furthered the cause of education by their work. All have been interested in raising the standard of education in their districts. The secretaries all deserve much praise for the long arduous hours they have had to put in at times and for their co-operation with the Departmental officials. SCHOOL DISTRICTS No. 42 (MAPLE RIDGE), No. 43 (COQUITLAM), AND No. 48 (HOWE SOUND). REPORT OF E. G. DANIELS, B.A., INSPECTOR OF SCHOOLS. After twenty-eight years of work as an Inspector in the school districts of the Province, I am more than ever amazed at the amount of time and effort which members of School Boards are willing to devote to public service which carries with it no emolument. This indicates the quality and the attitude of the men and women who have been elected to promote the cause of education in the three districts of my inspectorate. Their co-operation, as well as that of three capable and efficient secretary-treasurers, has made my final year as an Inspector a pleasant memory. The very excellent work in maintaining and rehabilitating the school buildings, which was mentioned in my last report, has been continued. Many class-rooms have been equipped with fluorescent fixtures; in others, indirect or diffuse lighting units have been installed. Heating has been improved and modernized in a number of schools, libraries increased in quantity and quality, and sports equipment augmented. In Coquitlam School District rapidly increasing enrolment has made more double shifts necessary, but it is expected that a building programme will be referred to the ratepayers in the next few weeks. This will obviate the need for using temporary quarters, many of which are very unsatisfactory. Maple Ridge School District is making plans for further extension of school facilities in the area. Initiation of an Agriculture course in Maple Ridge High School this year involved considerable expense for equipment and accommodation, but results seem to have justified the expenditure. The Board of Howe Sound School District has made very satisfactory progress in improving school buildings. In the organization previous to April 1st, 1946, this would not have been feasible. In Coquitlam High School a course in Lumber Grading and Theory was given this year with the co-operation of British Columbia Lumber Manufacturers' Association. JJ 76 PUBLIC SCHOOLS REPORT, 1947-48. Results of the examination set by the association were particularly satisfactory. Very fine work has been done in this school in Music and Drama. In only three remote one-room-school sections of this inspectorate is high school education not available. The enrolment in these areas totals thirty-four pupils. The matter of new appointments to the teaching staffs still involves much time and effort. With a staff of 154 teachers in my area, 50 new appointments were made during the last year. Academically, satisfactory progress is evident in some schools, while in others changes of staff have handicapped principals in developing a modern programme. On the whole, I am convinced that considerable progress is being made. The new readers have been well received, and results of improved teaching techniques should soon be evident in higher grades. For the second successive year a Royal Institution scholarship of $175 was won by a student of Port Moody High School. This award was made to Miss Diana Elsdon for highest marks in her medal district in the University Entrance examinations. SCHOOL DISTRICTS No. 1 (FERNIE), No. 2 (CRANBROOK), AND No. 5 (CRESTON). REPORT OF C. J. FREDERICKSON, B.A., INSPECTOR OF SCHOOLS. The school-year saw the establishment of the East Kootenay Health Unit under the direction of Dr. C. Brockington. The happy relationship which exists between the teachers of the East Kootenay and those of the neighbouring American States was continued, with the visit of Mr. John Shaw, Superintendent of the Spokane Schools, to the annual teachers' convention held in Cranbrook. Two Boards in the inspectorate granted cost-of-living bonuses of $300, and in one case an arbitration award granted a flat 16 per cent, on all salaries. Relative isolation is also recognized in salary scales. My gratitude and appreciation of the many courtesies extended to me by the teachers, principals, and secretary-treasurers is again expressed in warmest terms, and in leaving this inspectorate after six happy and profitable years, I wish once more to pay tribute to the unselfish devotion to education shown by the three School Boards and the individual members thereof. School District No. 1 (Fernie). The year has shown continued progress in the improvement of the physical condition of the school buildings. Considerable redecoration has been carried out, and the artificial lighting continues to be improved. Plans are being laid for the addition of much-needed facilities to the Michel-Natal and to the Fernie Schools. An addition to the Jaffray School, which will result in the closing of the log school at Galloway, is under way. It is planned to submit a by-law for the over-all development in December. Continued interest is shown in the establishment of a vocational course in coalmining, and there is promise of commencing such a course in the near future. School District No. 2 (Cranbrook). High costs continue to interfere with the projected building programme. In the meantime it has been found necessary to find additional accommodation by fitting and REPORTS OF DISTRICT INSPECTORS. JJ 77 equipping basement rooms in the Cranbrook Elementary School. Fortunately, modern materials and the pleasing use of colour has made these rooms attractive and hygienic. The physical conditions in the rural schools show constant improvement. School District No. 5 (Creston). A by-law for the provision of additional accommodation and for the improvement of the rural schools was passed with a comfortable majority in November, 1947. Construction was commenced immediately on the erection of a very modern two-room school at Crawford Bay. These rooms are connected to a very fine community hall, giving this rural school unusually excellent facilities. It is expected that Crawford Bay will have a superior school in 1948 and a high school in 1949. Construction was commenced in Creston of an eight-room elementary school, to which is attached a vocational agriculture shop. This school is so designed that, with minor alterations, it will become eventually a junior-senior high school. It is of interest to note that this school is located on a plot of ground that also holds a swimming-pool, artificial-ice rink, and athletic field—an ideal community centre. The Fifth Annual Farmers' Assembly was held in the Creston Junior-Senior High School in March, with increased attendance and continued success. This assembly is closely allied to school activities and to vocational agriculture and is concrete evidence of a community-minded school. The close of the school-year saw the happy appointment of Mr. Earl Marriott, supervising principal of the Creston Elementary Schools, as Provincial Inspector of Schools. SCHOOL DISTRICTS No. 59 (PEACE RIVER SOUTH) AND No. 60 (PEACE RIVER NORTH). REPORT OF S. J. GRAHAM, B.A., INSPECTOR OF SCHOOLS. The most promising development brought about in the Peace River District during the past year has been the introduction of a modern high school programme. In School District No. 59 (Peace River South) the first unit of the new central high school at Dawson Creek was completed and construction commenced on the remaining units. With the provision of this additional class-room accommodation, the high school programme of studies has been enlarged to include instruction in Agriculture, Art, Commercial, Home Economics, and Industrial Arts. An excellent dormitory has been built and now houses over fifty students from the rural areas. With the facilities available, the response from the area has been encouraging—the high school enrolment in Peace River South is now 360 students, which is an increase of approximately 400 per cent, in the last three years. Ninety-one youngsters from the rural area are now receiving high school instruction in Dawson Creek. At Fort St. John, in District No. 60 (Peace River North), the construction of a new four-room high school and a dormitory with a capacity for thirty students has resulted in a similar increase in high school attendance. The increased attendance in high schools in these northern districts does not result from an increase in the number of pupils leaving elementary schools, but is the direct result of making high school facilities available to all pupils in the district. On this count alone the changes in administration and finance brought about by the Cameron Report have been amply justified. The majority of the school enrolment in this area is in the one-room rural schools. The situation existing in these schools is not a happy one. Notable improvements in . JJ 78 PUBLIC SCHOOLS REPORT, 1947-48. school accommodation and teaching equipment have been brought about by the School Boards through the increased financial assistance from Provincial funds. However, despite considerable increases in teachers' salaries, it has not been possible to secure adequately trained teachers for all the rural schools. The situation with regard to teacher-supply has grown steadily worse during the past few years. Some schools in this area have not had a fully trained teacher for the past eight years. An increased isolation bonus might help to entice teachers into the northern areas but would not likely solve the problem completely. Greater attention will have to be given to the advisability of consolidating our rural one-room schools into two- and three-room units. Through consolidation the number of teachers required for the rural area would be sharply decreased, the problem of isolation for the individual teacher would be lessened, and, most important of all, good living accommodation for the teachers would be easier to supply. SCHOOL DISTRICTS No. 19 (REVELSTOKE) AND No. 20 (SALMON ARM). REPORT OF WILLIAM H. GRANT, B.S.A., B.Ed., INSPECTOR OF SCHOOLS. The Salmon Arm inspectorate embraces School District No. 19 (Revelstoke) and School District No. 20 (Salmon Arm). In the school-year 1947-48 there were twenty- nine teachers employed in the former district and fifty-three in the latter. In the field of administration the year has been marked by the following main developments:— (1) School Board members have developed a fine ability to work together as a unit. The various elements drawn from the former school districts have become merged in the larger school unit, and it is safe to say that, so far as School Boards are concerned, the period of transition is past. All members of Boards have a unity of interest in the development of education for the whole district. That this is so with the general public of the school district is questionable, and must remain so until some refinements in assessing costs can be devised to remove the schisms that exist within a district. (2) The sharp upward trend in costs during the latter part of 1947, which has continued into 1948, has taxed the ingenuity of School Boards to provide adequately for the educational needs of their districts without unduly raising the tax rates and thereby the disapproval of the taxpayers. In both school districts, for the first time in many years, yearly estimates were referred back to School Boards by Municipal Councils for revision. In the Salmon Arm District an Arbitration Board ruled that the estimates were fair and reasonable, and that the Board could not very well finance their requirements with less money. While the major portion of costs are made up of teachers' salaries, it would be unfair to state that the entire increase in costs is caused by a rise in teachers' salaries. It is worth noting that, especially in the Salmon Arm District, a large proportion of the teachers engaged were those of considerable experience who were placed high on the schedule of salaries. REPORTS OF DISTRICT INSPECTORS. JJ 79 (3) Net enrolments in the two districts show some slight changes from those of the school-year 1946-47, that of No. 19 having decreased by 3.02 per cent, and that of No. 20 showing an increase of 7.56 per cent. These changes have had some slight effect upon costs, but the main result has been felt in the schools of Salmon Arm City and District Municipality where already overcrowded class-rooms have been taxed to the limit. Any increase in enrolment in the coming years is going to create a real hardship, until such time as the proposed building plan can be carried through. (4) During the year no extensive building projects have been attempted. In District No. 19 reconstruction of buildings at Glacier and Arrowhead has been completed, so that these centres have now good pupil accommodation for several years to come. In Salmon Arm District a small gymnasium was erected at Falkland. This temporarily houses two classes. In Salmon Arm a bus garage was completed, which now gives class-room space for three divisions and thus relieves the congestion at that centre. Except for a one-room school at Beaton to replace a 40-year-old log structure, no building programme is planned in District No. 19, but during the school-year 1947-48 District No. 20 Board of School Trustees has done extensive work toward completing plans for the complete rehabilitation of their entire system. In the educational field, certain activities for the school-year 1947-48 are outstanding :■—■ (1) The introduction of the new basic readers has met with almost universal approval by elementary teachers, who have been highly gratified with the progress made by their pupils. They are pleased to find the readers so well keyed to the reading readiness of their pupils. The main point of adverse criticism has been in the field of phonics, where it is felt that insufficient practice is given. (2) The new Mathematics V course has been introduced without great difficulty. Teachers have expressed approval of the content and arrangement, but contend that time does not allow for sufficient practice to enable the student to acquire permanently the principles laid down. (3) In spite of the many obstacles that presented themselves, particularly during the flood season, the Provincial testing programme was carried out with much more despatch and much less inconvenience than in former years. This year much greater use has been made of the results of this testing programme, largely because the Division of Tests, Standards, and Research was able to return the results with greater expedition and in greater detail, and, in lesser degree, by the fact that teachers are becoming more familiar with the programme and particularly in interpreting the results of that programme in terms of their own classes. This programme is proving particularly valuable to teachers and to the Inspector in gauging weaknesses and in applying remedial measures. Before closing, I wish to bring to your notice the great assistance that has been given to me by the Boards of School Trustees of Districts No. 19 and No. 20 and their respective secretary-treasurers. In spite of the pressing emergencies of their private vocations and the many discouraging features of their public business, they have shown themselves extremely willing to co-operate with me in all matters pertaining to the advancement of education in this area. In closing, I wish to commend the splendid work, keen interest, and unflagging loyalty of the teachers in maintaining a high educational standard in this inspectorate. JJ 80 PUBLIC SCHOOLS REPORT, 1947-48. SCHOOL DISTRICTS No. 49 (OCEAN FALLS), No. 50 (QUEEN CHARLOTTE), No. 51 (PORTLAND CANAL), AND No. 52 (PRINCE RUPERT). REPORT OF E. E. HYNDMAN, B.A., B.Paed., INSPECTOR OF SCHOOLS. Although it has become increasingly difficult to staff schools in the outlying areas, all the teaching positions in these districts were filled. Additional teachers were employed in Masset, Stewart Superior, and Prince Rupert Elementary Schools. A school was opened in Butedale. A by-law for new school buildings was passed in District No. 49 (Ocean Falls). As a result, a new one-teacher school has been completed in Namu, tenders have been received for a four-teacher school in the Bella Coola Valley, and four class-rooms will be completed for fall occupancy in Ocean Falls. The School Board is to be commended on the improvements in school facilities, particularly in the outlying parts of the district. The recognition of the needs of the pre-primary children in Ocean Falls by making class-rooms available for the 4-year-olds and 5-year-olds is an indication of the progressive attitude in this district. The installation of good artificial lighting units where practical in Districts No. 50 and No. 51 has made a marked improvement in the school facilities. Gradual improvement has also been made in the appearance of the school buildings in these areas. School planning has been of major interest to the School Board of District No. 52 (Prince Rupert). Three projects are in varying degrees of development—the reconstruction of the existing junior-senior high school building as class-room space, the construction of a first unit of a new building to include administration, library, Home Economics, Industrial Arts, and gymnasium facilities, and the construction of a ten- teacher elementary school. On the whole, the learning situations in the schools of these districts have shown improvement during the past year. In some schools there is still insufficient recognition given to the varying learning capacities of the pupils in the tool subjects. Nevertheless, it has been gratifying to notice the willingness of our teachers to adjust their programmes when they recognize the need. In some partial recognition of the efforts of the School Boards in these areas, it should be said that they are fulfilling their duties with fine efficiency. The willingness of the members to give much of their time, the recognition of the educational needs in parts of the district remote from their own, and the readiness to co-operate in all matters for the good of the district are some of the factors bringing this efficiency. In conclusion, I would like to express my appreciation to the teachers, the School Boards, and the secretary-treasurers for the many kindnesses and assistance during the past school-year. SCHOOL DISTRICTS No. 6 (KOOTENAY LAKE), No. 7 (NELSON), AND No. 8 (SLOCAN). REPORT OF J. CHELL, M.A., INSPECTOR OF SCHOOLS. It was my privilege to succeed Inspector F. A. Jewett in this area, for he was held in very high regard. In general, all three districts had had those problems common to Boards throughout the Province. An excellent Board in each district has met the particular problems with energy and resourcefulness. Kootenay Lake. This district has a combined elementary-junior-senior high school in the City of Kaslo and seven one-room rural schools. These rural schools are isolated and of small enrolment, so that the problem, becomes one of justifiable expenditure. However, the Board is striving to make these schools as attractive as possible and to provide equipment commensurate to each situation. During the year the school at Howser was officially opened. This is a log structure and has individual tables and chairs. The people of the locality provided much of the labour and material gratis and have every right to be proud of their school. At Riondel the renewed interest in mining will necessitate the reopening of the school this fall. The school at Meadow Creek is now to be officially known as the Jewett School; this is a tribute to the untiring efforts of Inspector Jewett in the area. For the first time the district has had the services of a public health nurse. Nelson. During the year this district lost three schools by fire. In August one room of the Salmo High School was destroyed. This was a serious loss, as accommodation was already overtaxed. Plans were being prepared for a junior-senior high school at the time of the fire. These were completed as quickly as possible, but the by-law was defeated. As a result of this, the building plans were revised and the by-law resubmitted at the close of the school-year. It was again defeated. The need grows more acute, and it would seem that some way must be found to provide minimum school housing. The second fire-loss, also in August, was the one-room school at Sproule Creek, and the third, on December 7th, the one-room school at Taghum. Plans have been worked out to transport the pupils from these two schools to Nelson City schools. This already is in effect for Taghum pupils and has proved very efficient. Slocan. In this district the major problems have been administrative. The closing of the Japanese Commission schools put a severe strain on the accommodation at Slocan City and New Denver. In fact, the enrolment in these two centres practically doubled overnight. Very temporary housing arrangements have been made, and it would seem advisable to continue with this until population stabilizes. There was no fire-loss in this district, though it was found necessary to maintain guards on all schools for a considerable period. Secondary-school facilities in the middle and south end of the district are not yet well established. Assistance is given to those pupils who wish to attend high schools in other centres. At the same time the Board is convinced that ultimately the solution lies in some form of centralization within the boundaries of the district. In all districts a high educational standard has been maintained during the year. A word of praise is due to those principals and teachers who did such an excellent job. In addition, the students had an opportunity to participate in a wide range of cocur- ricular activities; to mention a few, Junior Red Cross, drama festivals, vocational conferences, athletics. I express my appreciation for the co-operation of the trustees and secretary- treasurers in this past year. JJ 82 PUBLIC SCHOOLS REPORT, 1947-48. SCHOOL DISTRICTS No. 53 (TERRACE), No. 54 (SMITHERS), No. 55 (BURNS LAKE), AND No. 56 (VANDERHOOF). REPORT OF F. P. LEVIRS, M.A., M.S.(Ed.), INSPECTOR OF SCHOOLS. The school population of the Omineca inspectorate showed a marked increase during the year. Schools at Danskin and Uncha Valley were reopened, while new divisions were added at Hazelton, Smithers, Decker Lake, Burns Lake, Fort Fraser, and Vanderhoof. Shifting population, due to the nature of the extensive lumber operations of this area, has added to the problem, of providing school accommodation. Two districts submitted building by-laws to the ratepayers, while both of the other districts have such by-laws in the course of preparation. Both by-laws were passed with a reasonable margin over the required three-fifths majority, so that plans are under way for the construction of new buildings at Smithers, Telkwa, Houston, Vanderhoof, Fraser Lake, and Mapes. Quite extensive reconstruction has been carried out at Endako and Walcott, while a large number of other schools received needed repairs. Teaching equipment has been very considerably augmented during the past year, especially in the one-room schools. District No. 53 took a forward step by installing a minimum of playground equipment at every school under its jurisdiction. The Boards are under continuous pressure to institute new and extend old transportation routes, an expensive proceeding in this sparsely settled area. Three new routes were established—from New Hazelton to Hazelton to convey high school pupils, from Fraser Lake North to Fraser Lake for the same purpose, and from Morice River Sawmills to Houston to provide for a group of elementary-school pupils previously lacking educational facilities. Tchesinkut Lake School was also closed, and the pupils conveyed to Burns Lake. The teacher shortage was even more severe than in the previous year. In order to keep schools open, Boards were compelled to engage a percentage of untrained or partially trained personnel, as well as calling on the services of former teachers who had left the profession for marriage. Despite these measures, three schools remained closed because no teachers could be found for them. The extension of secondary-school facilities to pupils from the more isolated areas received the attention of the Boards. Although transportation has helped those not too remote from existing secondary schools, the graduate of the one-room rural school has been largely dependent on correspondence courses. Three Boards this year offered financial aid to parents whose children were compelled to live away from home in order to attend high school. Closely allied to this problem is that of the academic nature of curriculum offerings in the small high school, unsuited to many of the children of a rural community. Utilization of correspondence courses by these small schools has helped to widen the range of courses offered. The first Industrial Arts centre to be established in the Omineca inspectorate will be established next year at Smithers. One of the most important advances made in the school-year was the extension of public health services to Districts No. 54 and No. 56. This leaves one district only, No. 55, without these facilities, and it will receive them in the fall of 1948. In addition to the testing done under the direction of the Division of Tests, Standards, and Research, follow-up tests for diagnostic purposes were administered to those pupils whose scores on the tests of the previous year had seemed to indicate the need for remedial work. Analyses of the results were made for the use of the teachers concerned. REPORTS OF DISTRICT INSPECTORS. JJ 83 The Boards of Trustees and their secretary-treasurers have made great progress in coping with the administrative problems of their districts. They are endeavouring, to the best of their ability, to give equal educational opportunities to all children in their areas and have made some progress toward the realization of that aim. SCHOOL DISTRICTS No. 10 (ARROW LAKES) AND No. 11 (TRAIL). REPORT OF W. E. LUCAS, B.A., B.Paed., INSPECTOR OF SCHOOLS. In both school districts of this inspectorate the school population has increased greatly during the past two or three years. As a result, the need for additional and improved accommodation continues to be the great problem of the Boards of School Trustees. Temporary class-rooms in basements, community halls, church halls, and an armoury have had to be used. In School District No. 11 (Trail) a by-law received the assent of the ratepayers to provide the district's share of (a) a modern twelve-room elementary school in the Annable-Warfield area, and (o) the first unit of a new elementary-junior high school at Fruitvale. It is hoped to have both building projects completed in January, 1949. The Trail Board is to be commended for the improvements made to the school buildings at Casino, Columbia Gardens, and Beaver Falls. In School District No. 10 (Arrow Lakes) the Board of School Trustees presented two different by-laws designed to provide a school at Arrow Park, where school accommodation is urgently needed. Both by-laws were defeated, and the School Board is preparing a third by-law for submission in July, 1948. This by-law is aimed to provide school accommodation for all areas of the school district. An outstanding feature of the school-year 1947-48 was the partial establishment of a public health unit in School District No. 11 (Trail). Four public health nurses have done excellent preventive work in immunization, inoculation, and vaccination. Health committees were organized in each of the schools, with the result that closer relations with the home were created and better health conditions prevailed in the schools. An extensive testing programme was carried out in the elementary schools of this inspectorate. Intelligence tests were administered to all pupils of Grades I, II, IV, and VI. A battery achievement test in the fundamentals was given in May to all pupils in Grades II to VIII, inclusive. The results of these tests will be analysed by the teachers for use in developmental and remedial teaching. The Boards of both school districts negotiated new salary schedules with their teachers, which are appreciably higher, as to minimum salaries, than former scales. Both salary schedules have the " single scale " feature, that is, salary is determined by qualifications and experience. Teachers having the same qualifications and years of teaching experience receive the same salary in an elementary-school position as in a high school position. Facilities for visual education have been greatly increased during the school-year. All graded schools in District No. 11 are now provided with 16-millimetre projectors. An efficient committee of teachers selects the films for all schools of the district. Biology A and Canadian History were added to the options offered in the Senior Matriculation classes of the Trail High School. In the Rossland High School a commendable step was taken by offering the students from Grade IX upwards a choice of . JJ 84 PUBLIC SCHOOLS REPORT, 1947-48. four complete curricula—Fine Arts, Commercial, University Entrance, or General— each leading to the required 112 credits for the High School Graduation diploma. New courses introduced in the Rossland High School were Canadian History and Physics A— both for Grade XII students. In conclusion, tribute should be paid to the great work being done by the School Boards of this inspectorate. The school trustees have unselfishly sacrificed their time and energy in the interests of education. SCHOOL DISTRICTS No. 37 (DELTA), No. 38 (RICHMOND), AND No. 46 (SECHELT). REPORT OF V. Z. MANNING, B.A., INSPECTOR OF SCHOOLS. This inspectorate comprises the two municipal districts of Delta and Richmond and the large rural school district of Sechelt. The scarcity of teachers continued to be a problem, and much of the summer was spent assisting School Boards in filling vacancies. Owing to the nearness of my districts to the large centres of population, it was possible to fill all positions with trained teachers, although in a few cases the new teachers had not the full qualifications for the positions they filled. Many married teachers were appointed, as well as teachers from other parts of Canada. Delta. Crowded conditions continued in the Kennedy area, on the border between Delta and Surrey. Here for several years the two Boards have had an interchange of pupils, which has been helpful to both districts. At present Delta is accommodating the elementary pupils and Surrey the secondary. To care for an increased number of pupils, it was necessary for the Delta Board to provide temporary accommodation for two classes in the Kennedy School. For many years there has been an excellent spirit of co-operation between the Delta School Board and the Delta Municipal Council. While most Councils this year were turning down School Board estimates, the Delta Council not only approved of the Board's ordinary estimates, but also of extraordinary estimates for a new two-room school at Boundary Bay to be paid out of revenue. Richmond. Two new elementary schools were opened during the year—a building of seven rooms on Sea Island and the fourteen-room Lord Byng School at Steveston to replace the one lost by fire. Two additional elementary schools of ten rooms each are under construction and will be opened early in the new school-year. With their completion the trustees hope to do away with conveyance of elementary-school pupils. The Richmond Kiwanis Club again sponsored a music and drama festival, which did much to promote an interest in these fields in both elementary and secondary schools. A pleasing function at the close of the year was the honouring of Miss Kathleen McNeely, who was retiring on pension. Miss McNeely had taught in the municipality for thirty-eight years and had been principal of Bridgeport School for thirty-five years. During that time many citizens of Richmond and of British Columbia had benefited from her able instruction and wise counselling. REPORTS OF DISTRICT INSPECTORS. JJ 85 Sechelt. This district is a scattered rural area. School buses convey pupils to central schools at Sechelt and Gibsons Landing, and water buses convey pupils to Pender Harbour and Port Mellon. Much of the school accommodation is not good, and the carrying-out of a projected building programme is necessary to improve facilities, especially at the secondary-school level. The completion of the road from Gibsons Landing to Port Mellon would justify a junior-senior high school of reasonable size at the former centre. In spite of travelling difficulties the school representatives met three times during the year. The trustees in this district, as in the others, gave unsparingly of their time and energy in carrying out their duties. SCHOOL DISTRICT No. 17 (PRINCETON) AND No. 23 (KELOWNA). REPORT OF A. S. MATHESON, B.A., INSPECTOR OF SCHOOLS. The net number of pupils enrolled and the number of teachers employed at the close of the school-year were as follows: District No. 17 (Princeton), 620 pupils, 26 teachers; District No. 23 (Kelowna), 3,768 pupils, 109 teachers. These figures, when compared with those of the previous year, show an increase of 4 per cent, for District No. 17 and 10 per cent, for District No. 23. In the former case the increase is significant but moderate; in the latter it reveals that the tide of migration to the district is still strong and that, in the four-year period commencing September, 1944, there has been a 50-per-cent. increase in enrolment. No school in either district was closed for lack of a teacher. An analysis of the qualifications of the teachers employed shows that they held certificates as follows:'— Secondary Schools. Academic and specialist certificates 46 First-class certificates 11 Total 57 Elementary Schools. First-class certificates 61 Second-class certificates 2 Third-class certificates 2 Conditional certificates 8 Temporary certificates— Over age 2 Incomplete training 3 Total 78 Of the total of 135 teachers, 46 were new appointees to the district and 7 of these had no previous teaching experience in this Province. The average of the salaries paid was $2,020. Almost without exception the attitude of the teachers toward their work has been praiseworthy and much good work has been done, in spite of serious overcrowding at many points. The continuous inflow of pupils of widely varying educational nurtures has constituted a persistent problem. Throughout the year sustained emphasis has been placed on the improvement and maintenance of fundamental skills and basic knowledge, without sacrificing democratic procedures and the social and civic objectives of education. Survey and diagnostic tests have been used freely, and, where necessary, remedial programmes have been devised and carried out with varying degrees of success. This testing programme has been co-ordinated with that of the Division of Tests, Standards, and Research, and an effort has been made to employ the findings to give direction and emphasis to the daily routine of the class-room. Fair progress has been made in the school building programme. While no actual construction has got under way in District No. 17, plans have been developed for a much-needed modernization and expansion of the Princeton schools and for the reconstruction of the Coalmont school. In District No. 23 two fine two-division primary schools—one in the City of Kelowna and one in the rural area adjacent to Kelowna on the south—have been completed. The 500-pupil senior high building at Kelowna, the 450-pupil junior-senior high building at Rutland, the 200-pupil junior-senior high building at Westbank, and the addition to the Okanagan Mission Elementary School have been put under construction. The two-teacher Benvoulin Elementary School was modernized, and an addition was erected to provide for central heating, a lunch-room, staff-room, and sanitary facilities. In this project the parent-teacher organization played an important part and contributed much of the labour. In District No. 23 a gratifying beginning has been made toward the giving of vocational education in Farm Mechanics, Automobile Mechanics, Vocational Agriculture, and Commercial. A large and representative general advisory committee was set up, and, after a general understanding of the problems involved was achieved, sub-committees were appointed to survey each field and to draft the objectives and content of suitable courses. The members of these committees undertook their work with enthusiasm and did an excellent job. The completed drafts of the courses were submitted to the Director of Vocational Training and approved in due course. It is planned to launch the courses when the new buildings and their equipment are ready at Kelowna and Rutland. SCHOOL DISTRICTS No. 24 (KAMLOOPS), No. 25 (BARRIERE), AND No. 31 (MERRITT). REPORT OF H. McARTHUR, B.A., INSPECTOR OF SCHOOLS. District No. 24 (Kamloops), by far the most populous of the three districts comprising this inspectorate, has at least one claim to prominence: it has more closed schools than any other district in the Province. Yet, during recent years, it has had a rapid increase in school enrolment—so rapid indeed that the School Board has been forced to build six class-rooms, four of which are temporary, and to rent as temporary quarters, at an annual cost of almost $6,000, three halls, two churches, and two private residences. Two other temporary buildings are at present under construction. This anomalous situation, which is a result of a shifting population, seems to point to the need for a type of prefabricated building which can be taken down, moved to another site, and reassembled conveniently and cheaply. Such a building, if sufficiently simple in construction, would, I think, find a ready sale all through the Interior of the Province. REPORTS OF DISTRICT INSPECTORS. JJ 87 The Kamloops School Board is finally almost ready to submit to the ratepayers a by-law for the construction of a new junior-senior high school building and a dormitory in Kamloops City, a rural school at Bestwick, and important additions to the buildings at Westwold and Chase. All of these appear to be essential. By the construction of another class-room at Barriere River the Barriere School Board has made the first attempt to provide a measure of secondary education in the district. Up until the present time most Barriere pupils of the high school grades have attended the Kamloops Junior-Senior High School. The providing of sufficient transportation continues to be a problem in all three districts. New buses purchased by the Kamloops and Merritt Boards only partly meet the need. Parents residing in communities which are far from established schools and which are too sparsely populated to warrant the establishing of new schools are insistent in their demands that means of pupil conveyance be found—at least until such time as dormitory facilities are available. The securing of competent teachers for rural schools is still the Boards' most pressing problem. Most Normal graduates accomplish little in their first year, except in schools with a very small enrolment, and even Normal graduates have not been available for the majority of rural schools. Almost all applications received from such teachers during the past year have been for particular grades in city schools. Were it not for newcomers from other Provinces and for married women who are willing to teach in the districts in which they reside, the teacher situation would be grave indeed. A request by the teachers of the Kamloops District for increased salaries to meet the rising cost of living resulted last February in the awarding by an Arbitration Board of a flat increase of $300 per teacher. Future increases or decreases are to depend on the Dominion price index, to which the salary scale is linked. The principle involved appears to merit wider acceptance. SCHOOL DISTRICTS No. 26 (BIRCH ISLAND), No. 27 (WILLIAMS LAKE), No. 29 (LILLOOET), AND No. 30 (ASHCROFT). REPORT OF F. A. McLELLAN, M.A., B.Paed., INSPECTOR OF SCHOOLS. School District No. 26 (Birch Island) . District No. 26 has to report the feature move by its Board—the away-from-home board and room allowance. The Department has developed a grant toward this assistance, and now, upon approval, students from this district will receive not only their tuition fees, but up to $14 toward their cost of room and board. Assistance in the cost of transportation has been developed in one attendance area to help four pupils attend school. A third class-room in one attendance area and a second class-room in another has been developed to aid a teacher in eliminating overcrowded class-rooms and also to permit more time for instruction for high school students attending these classrooms. General improvement in playground equipment and supplies is the motto of the Board. Building improvement and new class-rooms are under consideration by the Board and will become projects as soon as materials and labour are available and the budget permits. JJ 88 PUBLIC SCHOOLS REPORT, 1947-48. School District No. 27 (Williams Lake) . The main item of interest in District No. 27 is the passing of a by-law on May 18th for the purpose of constructing new schools and teacherages. Since that time one new two-room modern superior school with a teacherage upstairs has been completed at Horsefly. One dwelling-house is nearly completed at Williams Lake for the principal, and construction has commenced on a duplex teacherage intended to house from four to six teachers. Construction on three schools of the same type as Horsefly has been delayed due to inability to secure reasonable tenders. Plans are being prepared for a new four- or five-room elementary school at Williams Lake to take care of anticipated increased enrolment. The present school will eventually be used for the high school. The Board does not plan to purchase school buses of its own for at least another year, but it will be necessary to arrange transportation contracts with local individuals in several cases. School District No. 29 (Lillooet). Pressure of school accommodation in District No. 29 is such that it has been necessary to initiate a building programme, and it is contemplated new schools will be built at Bralorne, Gold Bridge, Lillooet, and Pavilion. A by-law will be submitted to the ratepayers of the district in the fall for their approval. Preliminary approval of plans and estimates has already been obtained from the Department of Education. It is difficult to foresee how lasting the present pressure for school facilities in that area will be, much depending upon gold-mining conditions as well as progress of major construction in the area. Arrangements for transportation of pupils continues to be limited, and no necessity has yet arisen for the provision of any school buses. At the present time, taxi service is used for the transportation of pupils to Bridge River, Gold Bridge, and Lillooet. Railway facilities are also used for the conveyance of pupils from Shalalth to Lillooet. Teacher accommodation is particularly acute in Lillooet, and immediate steps are being taken to rectify this situation by the building of suitable residences. School District No. 30 (Ashcroft) . In District No. 30, during 1946-47, five school buses were operated, covering 176 miles per day and conveying forty pupils. In 1947-48 nine buses were in operation, covering 414 miles per day and conveying seventy pupils. It will be noted that each year more and more high school facilities have been provided, and it is hoped that the school-year 1948-49 will see even a greater advancement. The Ashcroft Board has found it much more economical and satisfactory to bring pupils into the larger centres whenever possible, where they are able to avail themselves of a better education, rather than to operate small one-room schools. Conclusion. In conclusion, I wish to express my thanks and appreciation for the generous co-operation and many courtesies I have received from all the School Boards, secretary- treasurers, and teachers in my inspectorate. All Board members have been indefatigable in their efforts to promote the educational welfare of the pupils in their respective districts. REPORTS OF DISTRICT INSPECTORS. JJ 89 SCHOOL DISTRICTS No. 66 (LAKE COWICHAN), No. 67 (LADYSMITH), AND No. 68 (NANAIMO). REPORT OF W. A. PLENDERLEITH, M.A., D.Paed., F.R.S.A., F.C.P., A.M.R.S.T., INSPECTOR OF SCHOOLS. Staff and Enrolment. During the school-year 27 teachers were employed in District No. 66, 30 teachers in District No. 67, and 92 teachers in District No. 68, making a total for the inspectorate of 149. The increased enrolment for 1948-49 will necessitate the provision for at least fifteen additional teachers. Buildings. In all three districts the increased enrolment has resulted in demands for additional class-room accommodation. In District No. 66 a by-law has been passed to provide for a ten-room elementary school, a one-room rural school, and a two-room addition to an existing school. By the time this Report is printed, these extra rooms should be in operation. In District No. 67, after much delay, a by-law is ready for submission to the ratepayers. This by-law, if passed, will provide a fourteen-room junior-senior high school for the district. In District No. 68 the first of the three elementary schools approved in 1946 has been completed and is ready for occupancy. Plans and specifications for a thirty-two- room district junior-senior high school will be submitted to the Department of Education for approval before the end of the present year. Transportation. In each of the three districts in this inspectorate, where complete junior-senior high school consolidation is in effect, transportation is a very vital problem. In all there are twenty-one school buses transporting a total of more than 1,000 students each school-day. Because transportation costs in recent years have risen considerably, the gross cost of transportation amounts to an important portion of the school budget. Teaching Programme. In Districts No. 66, No. 67, and No. 68 there has been no shortage of qualified and proficient class-room teachers. For this reason the programme of studies has been effectively adjusted to suit the needs of the students. Testing Programme. All schools in this inspectorate have participated in the Province-wide testing programme directed by the Division of Tests, Standards, and Research in addition to the local testing programmes carried out by the various principals. The results of these programmes indicate that the fundamental skills are well taught. Audio-Visual Aids. Every class-room in the inspectorate is equipped with radio receiving apparatus to enable the pupils to take advantage of the school broadcasts. A travelling phonograph-record library has been assembled into fifty units, with ten records in each unit. These units have been circulated to the schools in the inspectorate under the direction of a teachers' music committee. JJ 90 PUBLIC SCHOOLS REPORT, 1947-48. In each of the school districts there is at least one portable projection unit for visual education purposes. These units have been a real asset to many of the smaller schools. School Library Service. The Vancouver Island Union Library services all rural schools in this inspectorate. While it has been impossible to give normal service because of insufficient library staff, the Travelling Library has rendered excellent service to all the outlying areas. Health Service. All schools in this inspectorate are serviced by the Central Vancouver Island Public Health Unit. A very thorough programme of preventive work in immunization, inoculation, and vaccination has been carried out by the personnel of the health unit. Conclusion. In conclusion, I would like to express my appreciation to the principals, teachers, and School Board members in these districts for the harmonious manner in which they have worked together to attain the objectives suggested by the Department of Education. SCHOOL DISTRICTS No. 71 (COURTENAY), No. 72 (CAMPBELL RIVER), No. 73 (ALERT BAY), AND No. 74 (QUATSINO). REPORT OF HAROLD STAFFORD, B.A., INSPECTOR OF SCHOOLS. A review of elementary and secondary education in this inspectorate is prefaced by praise for the school trustees who conscientiously serve their districts. Illustrative of difficulties in travel, in some districts, is the three-hour boat trip made by Trustee L. Schibler as he regularly journeys from Sonora Island to Campbell River where meetings of District No. 72 are convened. He is fortunate if, on the next day, tide and weather do not delay his return. A Sea-Bee aeroplane is chartered to fly Trustee E. Guthrie from Cortes Island for attendance at the same meetings. In 1945 the number of teachers employed in School Districts No. 71 to No. 74 was 89; at present the number is 129. Trustees spend hours in planning to resolve problems created by increases in enrolment. A site for a central high school was purchased by District No. 71, while in District No. 72 a by-law was passed to provide for construction of new school buildings. Quadra Island and Manson's Landing have superior schools. Alert Bay High School has reopened. A kindergarten is in operation at Cumberland. Agriculture is taught as an elective course at the Courtenay High School, and a teacher of Commercial subjects added to the staff. The trustees have increased the appropriation for teaching aids, as well as budgeted for extensive improvements to buildings. Recommendations made by the Research Division of Canadian Industries, Limited, have guided the trustees in their selection of colour schemes for painting of rooms. In all school districts the establishment of dormitories and aid for senior high school students are being given consideration. Conveyance of pupils is an increasingly complicated matter, in the solving of which two School Boards have adopted a policy of district ownership of buses. Such policy seemingly should result in more economical operation, permit greater flexibility in scheduling routes, and provide vehicles for mass movement of pupils. REPORTS OF DISTRICT INSPECTORS. JJ 91 Inspection of schools, with noted exceptions, indicated principals and teachers were apparently giving their best service. Excellent teaching was observed in a number of schools. The work done by various chairmen and executive groups of teachers in organizing a drama festival, Junior Red Cross activities, sports, and a teachers' one-day workshop was commendable. Class-room instruction showed a need for particular attention to the teaching of Music, Art, and Physical Education, in order that the objectives for these courses may be realized. A competition in which all the students in attendance at high schools in Districts No. 69 to No. 74 took part was sponsored by Messrs. H. J. Welch, M.L.A.; J. Mowatt, M.L.A.; and J. Gibson, M.P. The competition culminated in writing an essay, " The Advantages of Democracy," and the winners were guests of the sponsors at Ottawa or Victoria. The concept has so great a potentiality for the good of democratic society that it should be developed, should become an inspiring, challenging experience for every student attending high school. SCHOOL DISTRICTS No. 28 (QUESNEL), No. 57 (PRINCE GEORGE), AND No. 58 (McBRIDE). REPORT OF L. B. STIBBS, B.A., INSPECTOR OF SCHOOLS. The practical necessity of providing additional accommodation for the large increase in school population, the difficult problem of staffing class-rooms, and the setting of policy for the effective maintenance and operation of schools have been the major problems which have confronted the three district School Boards in this inspectorate. In District No. 28 plans are now completed for a fine area high school, and the School Board is presently waiting final details from the architect before calling for tenders. This building will fill a real need in the district. The Wells-Barkerville school was completed during the year, and a building has been renovated which will provide accommodation for the School Board, the nursing staff, and the maintenance department, while the upper floor will be used as a teacherage. Under an effective sensible maintenance plan the schools were kept in good repair during the year, and a very workable plan for providing essential teaching supplies and equipment was established. The problems of consolidated schools on the east and west sides of the Fraser River, south of Quesnel, have been given serious and thorough study throughout the year, and some action is expected in this for the new term. In District No. 57 a noteworthy experiment has been the establishment of a dormitory. The plan has worked out exceedingly well, and about forty students in Grades IX to XIII have had, at moderate cost, the advantage of secondary education this year. Considerable time and effort have been given to carrying out the terms of the by-law which was approved by a large majority at the beginning of the school-year. Well- planned rural schools are nearing completion at Pilot Mountain, Reid Lake, Upper Fraser, and at Willow River. In the City of Prince George, army buildings have been used to provide, with wise planning, accommodation to take care of the overcrowded elementary and secondary schools. Extensive alterations have been carried out in the shops, and an army building has been made over to provide a Board office, supply-room, quarters for the new health unit, and a maintenance workshop. JJ 92 PUBLIC SCHOOLS REPORT, 1947-48. In District No. 58 the School Board has been chiefly concerned with the completion of the new high school—a four-room modern structure. Unfortunately, the elementary school in McBride was totally destroyed by fire, which posed a serious problem for the Board. The matter of accommodation is a serious one in this district, and the School Board is presently engaged in the initial preparation of a by-law. New schools are badly needed in a number of rural areas and in McBride Village. The three School Boards in this inspectorate deserve credit for the sincere and energetic way in which they have met their problems. It is noted that where a strong, efficient secretary-treasurer is employed, the actual administrative and routine work of a School Board is considerably reduced. SCHOOL DISTRICTS No. 21 (ARMSTRONG) AND No. 22 (VERNON). REPORT OF A. S. TOWELL, M.A., INSPECTOR OF SCHOOLS. As compared with the previous school-year, the number of schools in the Armstrong District remained unchanged at eleven, while the number of teachers increased from thirty-five to thirty-nine. In the Vernon District the number of schools increased from nine to eleven with the reopening of the one-room schools at Medora Creek and Trinity Valley, and the number of teachers increased from seventy-seven to ninety. As may be inferred from the above, one of the most difficult problems of the year was that of providing accommodation for the continuing influx of new pupils. This problem was particularly serious in the Vernon District, where the net enrolment over the one-year period increased from 2,467 to 2,725. The Vernon Junior-Senior High School, originally built to house some 500 students, now enrolled almost double that number and was compelled to extend the school-day and adopt the shift system. The Vernon Elementary School, with a net enrolment of 1,259, became one of the largest, if not the largest, school of its type in the Province. As a further consequence, it became necessary for the Vernon School Board to make drastic modifications in the building programme which it had been planning. Proposals to extend existing buildings were abandoned, and the new plans call for a new junior high school and a new elementary school at Vernon, a new high school at Lumby, and additional rural school accommodation. At the time of writing, the necessary by-laws are being prepared. In the Armstrong District, while the pressure was less severe, available accommodation is now strained to its limit, and new building cannot be much longer delayed. In one respect this inspectorate was more fortunate than some others—it almost entirely escaped the floods which caused so much havoc elsewhere. Damage here was confined to one flooded basement class-room and some temporary interference with school buses due to flooded roads and washed-out bridges. This report would not be complete without some word of appreciation to the school trustees, who have devoted so much time and thought to the problems of their districts, and to the teachers, who, in spite of overcrowded classes, inconvenient time-tables, and improvised accommodation, have so well maintained the standards of education. REPORTS OF DISTRICT INSPECTORS. JJ 93 SCHOOL DISTRICTS No. 34 (ABBOTSFORD) AND No. 75 (MISSION). REPORT OF B. THORSTEINSSON, B.A., M.B.A., INSPECTOR OF SCHOOLS. School enrolments in this area surged forward at an accelerated rate during the school-year 1947-48. In both School Districts No. 34 (Abbotsford) and No. 75 (Mission), which comprise this inspectorate, increases were large. In order to cope with the increase, temporary school-quarters were provided. School basements and halls were pressed into service. In District No. 34 double shifts were operated—one in the South Poplar Elementary School and the other in the Abbotsford Elementary. In order to relieve overcrowded class-rooms and in order to accommodate the additional pupils from newly established homes in the district, sixteen additional teachers were added to the staff of District No. 34. Under these conditions the current teacher shortage aggravated the situation, and eight persons with only temporary teacher qualifications were engaged. Inspector A Turnbull, who had been carrying on as Official Trustee of the new District No. 75, and Mr. G. Heppner, who had been serving in a similar capacity in District No. 34, turned over all school affairs at the end of the year to the newly elected Boards of School Trustees. Both Boards have done very well indeed in grappling with the many troublesome problems confronting these areas. The formation of District No. 75 out of the former District No. 34 has proceeded smoothly, and, as a result, both new Districts No. 34 and No. 75 are functioning well. During the year an intensive testing programme was carried on. Results of these tests showed the pupils in this area to be considerably below the Provincial standard. These results reflect, in part, the large number of pupils who come from non-English- speaking homes. A specific programme is being planned to meet this problem. During the latter part of the school-year, routine was seriously disrupted by the flooding waters of the Fraser River. As a precautionary measure prior to the actual flood, the following schools were closed down: Matsqui, Glenmore, Clayburn, Upper Sumas, and Kilgard on the south side of the river, and Hatzic Prairie, Nicomen, Dewdney, and Deroche on the north side of the river. As the flood became more widespread, Glenmore, Matsqui, Clayburn, Nicomen Island, Hatzic Prairie, and Dewdney were all flooded. Most seriously affected were Hatzic Prairie, which was practically rendered useless, and Glenmore, which was very seriously affected. To provide for the pupils who had been attending the schools affected, provision was made on the north side for the high school pupils of Dewdney to attend school in Mission. On the south side, many more pupils were affected, and accordingly five class-rooms were opened in one of the buildings at the Abbotsford Airport. Approximately 150 pupils attended this school. As could be expected, many families temporarily left the area. The teachers who had lost their classes were assigned to special duties. Some carried on remedial instruction with small groups. Well-qualified experienced teachers were used to assist other young teachers, while a few were given opportunities to observe. Tribute is due the teachers of this district, who contributed their services so effectively during this trying period. At the time this report is being written, rehabilitation is well under way, and it is expected that all the schools, with the exception of Hatzic Prairie, which is beyond repair and has been condemned, will reopen again. Indications are that the school population will continue to increase at a rapid rate, and it is expected that several additional class-rooms will be required next year. JJ 94 PUBLIC SCHOOLS REPORT, 1947-48. Because of the already overcrowded situation, as well as the anticipated increase in school population, the Boards of School Trustees on both sides of the river are planning additional new school buildings. It is anticipated that by-laws will soon be presented to the ratepayers in both districts. SCHOOL DISTRICTS No. 3 (KIMBERLEY), No. 4 (WINDERMERE), AND No. 18 (GOLDEN). REPORT OF C. I. TAYLOR, B.A., B.Ed., INSPECTOR OF SCHOOLS. The state of reorganization that characterized these three districts during 1946-47 settled down to conditions of more stable administration during 1947-48. The large school district became a fact rather than an experiment. The building programme of the Kimberley District finally materialized. The construction of a new sixteen-room elementary school and an addition to the junior-senior high school was begun in June. The demolition of the elementary school has caused temporary housing of six divisions in other quarters. District No. 4 built a new two- room elementary school, at a cost of $13,500, to replace the rented building formerly used at Canal Flats. Due to better transportation facilities the Golden Senior High- Elementary School added another division. This allowed for better organization of classes in the school and for a more varied secondary programme. School District No. 3 cancelled the contract with the local bus company and instituted district-owned transportation. The Golden District extended transportation services south on Highway No. 4 and west on Highway No. 1. The two small unsatisfactory schools of Moberly and Horse Creek were closed. The staffing of schools improved during 1947-48. The two northern districts were able to obtain qualified teachers for all but two schools. Improvement in the classroom situation was most noticeable. Salary schedules were successfully negotiated in the Kimberley and Windermere Districts, the latter district having a schedule for the first time. A programme of diagnostic and classification testing was carried out in the rural schools. The Progressive Achievement Tests were used. There was discussion of apparent weaknesses as shown by the results, and suggested methods for dealing with these weaknesses were given. The establishment of the East Kootenay Health Unit has done much to improve medical and nursing services in this area. A district health nurse was appointed to serve Districts No. 4 and No. 18. This will give much-needed public health service to areas which have never enjoyed it before. In view of the change of School District No. 3 from large rural to large municipal, effective January, 1949, the Board was increased from five to seven members, and elections held in December in conjunction with the civic elections. No report would be complete without a tribute to the School Boards of this inspectorate. These men and women give their time, energy, and thought unstintingly to the problems of education in their areas. SCHOOL DISTRICTS No. 32 (FRASER CANYON), No. 33 (CHILLIWACK), AND No. 76 (AGASSIZ). REPORT OF ALEX. TURNBULL, M.C., M.M., B.A., INSPECTOR OF SCHOOLS. All school districts faced the year 1947-48 with acute accommodation problems on their hands. Reorganization was complete, and trustees now concentrated on effective plans to deal with the steady and rapid increase in school population. District No. 32 had made a substantial start on construction, and in October the six-room elementary wing of the new school at Hope was ready. The Spuzzum school was opened at the first of the term, and the new two-room school at Laidlaw was under construction by the end of June. Plans for the balance of the building programme are complete, and it is hoped that school accommodation problems will be under control within the next school-year. In addition to the schools, a number of homes for teachers were built, and others purchased, so that now there are teacherages in every part of the district. This splendid effort on the part of the Board has done much to solve the difficulties in securing staff. It is significant that qualified teachers were hired for all schools early in August. Improved working conditions are, without doubt, the reason. Using the old buildings at Hope as temporary quarters, a junior-senior high school is now in operation, to which pupils in Grades VII to XII are transported from Spuzzum, Yale, and St. Elmo schools. Effective progress has been made in developing a modern school programme, including Home Economics, Commercial, and Industrial Arts courses. On a smaller scale, high school facilities are available at North Bend, where pupils from Boston Bar attend. A very definite increase in educational opportunity has been provided for all pupils in this rural district since its formation. District No. 33 had plans well advanced to meet the building situation. Many hours were spent in research and study before a building programme was finally ready. The by-law received most pleasing support from, all sections of the community and was given final approval by a substantial majority.of the ratepayers on February 7th. Although a five-year building plan was prepared, it has been necessary to accelerate the programme. In consequence, a large portion of the scheme is under way. Elementary schools at East Chilliwack, Vedder, and Rosedale will be ready in a few months, while the much-needed high school building should be started in the early fall. During the year it has been necessary to add several rooms to the school system. The district is particularly indebted to the co-operation received from the officers and men at the Vedder Army Camp, where a five-room school is in operation. Owing to difficulties encountered in the presentation of building by-laws, changes in the boundaries of District No. 33 were authorized, and the new District No. 76 (Agassiz) was formed. This was administered by an Official Trustee until a School Board took office on March 1st. The new trustees have problems similar to all districts and are giving effective study to their solution. During the term just ended, academic progress has kept pace with other developments, and effective work of the staff is evident in all parts of the inspectorate. Another successful music festival was held in Chilliwack in April. All specialized fields show growth of a pleasing nature. At the conclusion of the year Miss Charlotte Froese, of Chilliwack High School, brought honour to herself and the school by winning a scholarship in the University Entrance examinations. The year was completed with difficulty, and some confusion, when the disastrous floods which struck this valley in May forced the complete closing of Sumas school and all schools in District No. 76. Several others were closed temporarily, and at one time JJ 96 PUBLIC SCHOOLS REPORT, 1947-48. over 1,000 pupils were cut off from school. At Agassiz several thousand dollars will have to be spent before the schools can reopen in September. In concluding this report, I wish to pay personal tribute to the splendid co-operation shown by school trustees and staff in all districts during the year. It has been a pleasure to work with them. SCHOOL FOR THE DEAF AND THE BLIND. JJ 97 THE SCHOOL FOR THE DEAF AND THE BLIND. REPORT OF C. E. MACDONALD, LL.B., B.S., LL.D., SUPERINTENDENT. ATTENDANCE. The total enrolment for the past year has been 119 students, including 94 resident and 25 day pupils, compared with an enrolment of 124 during the preceding year. Ninety-two students were deaf or hard of hearing, and 27 were blind or partial-sighted. Of the total enrolment, 7 were admitted as extra-provincial pupils. ACCOMMODATION. The need for more adequate and suitable facilities for the care and training of our children continues to be increasingly urgent. The buildings now in use are neither modern construction nor adequate for our purposes. In order to expand our services more efficiently and effectively and provide for an increase in enrolment, it is essential that early consideration be given to a planned building programme. Through the co-operation of the Department of Public Works, a part of the grounds has been cleared of trees and stumps during the past year. It is hoped, however, that early consideration will be given to the need for a planned programme of clearing and grading the entire school campus for the subsequent development of suitable playing- fields, walks, and playing areas. HEALTH. The general health condition of the children has been very satisfactory, reflecting the success of the preventive measures practised by our school nurse and the splendid co-operation of the metropolitan health services. TRAINING PROGRAMME. Instruction was offered this term in Typewriting, Blindcrafts, and Music in addition to regular periods for Industrial Arts and Home Economics. Through the co-operation of the Vancouver Junior League, hobby classes in the following activities were conducted by volunteer instructors: Art, Leatherwork, Weaving, and Shellcraft. Five hard-of-hearing students received special auricular training and will be transferred to public-school classes in their own communities next term. This has been in line with the practice instituted several years ago of effecting adjustments to public school wherever possible. DEPARTMENTAL SURVEY. Early in March the Assistant Superintendent of Education, Mr. H. L. Campbell, together with Municipal School Inspectors J. F. K. English and William Gray, spent a week surveying our school. The purpose of this Departmental survey was to evaluate the educational philosophy, equipment, facilities, organization, and techniques of instruction now available to deaf and blind children of the Province and to formulate for the Minister of Education such recommendations as appeared desirable for the improvement and expansion of existing services. In accordance with a recommendation of this survey, a Management Committee comprising the following members was set up under the chairmanship of Mr. James JJ 98 PUBLIC SCHOOLS REPORT, 1947-48. Gordon: Mr. C. G. Brown, Mr. H. L. Campbell, Mr. William Gray, and Mr. Owen Thomas. Before the end of the term Miss Mabel Blake assumed the duties of vice- principal in charge of library and case records, and Miss Helen Woodward was appointed to succeed Miss Blake as vice-principal in charge of instruction. The position of vice-principal in charge of extra-curricular activities was authorized and will be filled before the beginning of the next term. STAFF. In concluding this report, I wish to express my appreciation for the loyal support received from all members of the staff and to pay tribute to our retiring matron, Mrs. Annie Tyler, for her many years of faithful and devoted service. CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOLS. JJ 99 CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOLS. HIGH SCHOOL AND VOCATIONAL COURSES. REPORT OF EDITH E. LUCAS, B.A., D. Es L., DIRECTOR. The total enrolment in the High School Correspondence Branch during the year 1947-48 was 5,483, which is a decrease of approximately 3.2 per cent, over the enrolment during the year 1946-47. This decrease is mainly in the number of students under 18, the drop in that category of students being 172. Correspondence courses were taken by students in the following classifications:— Students registered in schools— Per Cent. 1. School-age students registered in high and superior schools. Such students were permitted to take three courses by correspondence. (Throughout this report the term " school- age " refers to students under 18 years of age.) 1,553 2. School-age students registered in elementary schools 16 Total number of school-age students 1,569 3. Students of 18, 19, and 20 registered in their local schools 567 4. Students of 21 or over registered in their local schools 31 Total number of students registered in their local schools taking one or more correspondence courses 2,167 39.5 Students not registered in schools— 1. School-age students unable to attend school because of physical disability 54 2. School-age students gainfully employed 156 3. School-age students studying courses at home because of the distance factor 326 4. School-age students in institutions—Girls' Industrial School, Boys' Industrial School, Oakalla Prison Farm, British Columbia Penitentiary 31 5. School-age students not registered in schools for other reasons 39 6. Students of 18, 19, and 20 years not registered in their local schools 663 Total number of students under 21 not registered in their local schools and obtaining their education by correspondence 1,269 23.1 7. Adult students (21 years and over) 2,047 37.4 Total number of students 5,483 100.0 jj 100 PUBLIC SCHOOLS REPORT, 1947-48. The students enrolled may be classified as to age in the following three groups :— Per Cent. 1. Pupils under 18 years of age 2,175 39.7 2. Pupils of 18, 19, and 20__ 1,230 22.4 3. Pupils of 21 years of age and over 2,078 37.9 Total 5,483 100.0 Some of these students took a full year's work in six high school courses. Others registered for only one or two courses. The number of students who enrolled in each of the high school subjects during the year was as follows:— English Literature III, IV, V, VI 819 English Grammar and Composition III, IV, V, VI 934 Social Studies III, IV, V 671 General Science III, IV, V 616 Mathematics III, IV, V, VI 1,439 Latin I, II, III 408 French I, II, III * 430 Spanish I, II, III 170 Health IIIa, IVa, Va 404 Physical Education IIIb, IVb 195 Agriculture I, II 93 Geography I, II 97 Home Economics 393 Art III 239 Junior Business and Introductory Book-keeping 290 Junior Business 133 Book-keeping I, II, III 419 Business Arithmetic 108 Shorthand I, II ______ 182 Typewriting I, II 713 Secretarial Practice 4 Business English 48 Journalism 74 Biology A 119 Physics A 80 German A 71 Chemistry A 63 Bible Study . 62 Total 9,274 This figure is, of course, larger than the figure given for the number of students enrolled, since the majority of the students were registered for more than one course. The number of students who enrolled in each of the Senior Matriculation courses was as follows:— English Literature 114 English Composition 102 Algebra and Trigonometry 127 Geometry H3 French 94 Latin 41 World History j-.q CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOLS. JJ 101 Chemistry I 41 Physics I 30 Home Economics 12 Agriculture 12 Total 756 The number of students who enrolled in each of the Technical-Vocational courses may also be classified in the following table:— Mechanical Drawing I, II 327 Sheet-metal Work 8 Steam Engineering Ia, IB, Ha 357 Metal-mining 3 Automotive Engineering I, II 120 Diesel Engineering 28 Practical Electricity 107 Principles of Radio I, II 57 Aviation 9 Elementary Geology and Mineralogy 43 Forestry 64 Commercial Art 60 Building Construction 89 House Painting and Decorating 6 Industrial Mathematics 98 Soils and Field Crops 13 Poultry-keeping 13 Practical Design 35 Glove-making 37 Air Navigation I, II 10 Mathematics for Steam Engineering IIa 36 Fruit-growing 13 Accountancy for Credit Unions 73 Spherical Trigonometry 11 Home Furnishing and Decoration 32 Total 1,649 All students, with the exception of patients in the Solarium, in sanatoria, or in hospitals, and inmates of public institutions, were required to pay the annual registration fee of $2. Students paying tuition fees were those who have the privilege of attending a high school having five or more teachers, high school students 18 years of age or older, employed students over 16 years of age, students enrolled for Senior Matriculation courses, and students living outside this Province. Discharged service personnel of World War I and World War II and their unemployed dependents were charged half the usual fees (such dependents were charged full fees if they lived in a district having a large high school). The following is a classification of students who were exempted from tuition fees:— 1. Public institutions and hospitals— (1) Hospital cases 249 (2) British Columbia Penitentiary 71 (3) Oakalla Prison Farm 62 (4) Girls' Industrial Home 3 PROVL ' VICTOR!,. JJ 102 PUBLIC SCHOOLS REPORT, 1947-48. 1. Public institutions and hospitals—Continued. (5) Boys' Industrial Home 15 (6) New Haven 6 Sub-total 406 2. On relief or equivalent 4 3. Members of the staff , 7 4. Students needed at home 14 5. Disabled students at home 120 6. Bible Study -'- 18 7. Dependents of discharged service personnel 37 8. Discharged service personnel 387 Total 993 All students were asked to indicate their chosen vocations. The following summary shows the choices of those who gave this information:— Professional— Teachers 339 Nurses 276 Medicine 122 Science 149 Law 29 Art 103 Theology 22 Pharmacy 43 Miscellaneous 126 Commercial 540 Skilled labour (mechanics, technicians, steam engineers, etc)__ 250 Aviation 14 His Majesty's Forces 37 Civil Service 12 Agriculture and farming 76 Forestry 61 Mining 10 Journalism 61 Diesel and steam engineering 358 Radio 39 Miscellaneous 219 Not given 2,597 Total 5,483 Completion of Courses. The school-year showed a slight increase in the number of courses completed. A total of 81,008 were marked during the year. Courses sold to Teachers. Teachers who order courses must state the name of the school in which they teach and must certify that they are actively engaged in teaching the subject in which they wish to buy the correspondence course. They are not permitted to make mimeographed copies of any part of the courses. Many teachers took advantage of the privilege of purchasing correspondence courses as aids in class-room teaching under the conditions CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOLS. JJ 103 previously described. During the year 1947-48 our sales amounted to approximately $3,500 for single sets of courses sold to teachers at cost of printing only. New Courses. Additional courses offered during the year were German A, Junior Business, Accountancy for Credit Unions, Spherical Trigonometry, Fruit-growing, and Home Furnishing and Decoration. We offered also rewritten courses in Mathematics V and Home Economics III. ELEMENTARY CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOL. ANNA B. MILLER, DIRECTOR. The enrolment of the Elementary Correspondence School for the year 1947-48 was 1,536. Of these, 87 were enrolled in the Peace River Branch. There were 180,253 lessons marked at Victoria and 9,045 at Pouce Coupe, Peace River Branch. The total lessons marked was 189,298. There was a decrease of 61 in the enrolment and an increase of 4,565 in the number of lessons marked. The tabulation below shows the enrolment by grade for Victoria and Pouce Coupe:— Enrolled at Victoria. Grade I. Grade II. Grade III. Grade IV. Grade V. Grade VI. Grade VII. Grade VIII. Total. 169 216 238 249 266 271 281 287 286 277 139 157 173 178 191 205 208 223 231 236 119 144 151 153 169 168 177 177 181 180 Ill 128 142 149 156 164 170 184 185 189 104 120 131 138 143 151 159 164 171 171 87 104 112 121 126 137 139 147 150 151 89 104 111 113 119 129 130 131 138 137 58 73 80 83 85 89 97 102 105 108 876 1,046 1,138 1,184 1,265 1,314 1,361 February 1,415 1,447 1,449 Enrolled at Pouce Coupe (Peace River Branch).. 6 9 13 15 15 15 15 15 15 16 6 9 9 11 12 12 12 12 12 10 6 9 9 10 10 10 10 10 10 12 8 8 9 10 10 10 11 12 12 12 6 7 8 8 9 9 9 9 9 9 7 8 8 9 10 12 13 13 13 13 3 4 4 5 5 6 7 8 8 8 5 5 6 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 47 59 66 74 77 80 83 86 86 87 It is difficult to evaluate the work accomplished by pupils enrolled in the Elementary Correspondence School. A great deal depends on the parents' ability to supervise adequately and without giving too much assistance. We do feel that in many cases very satisfactory supervision is given by the parents and that good progress is being made. JJ 104 PUBLIC SCHOOLS REPORT, 1947-48. The following comments from the parents will give some idea of their attitude to correspondence instruction:— " Thanking you all for the splendid work you do in directing the education of isolated children and particular thanks to Bill's teachers, who took such individual interest in his work." " I wonder if you people have any idea what a wonderful tonic you are for the children. You are really their friends and your encouraging remarks mean so very much. Taking the course with you has been a happy experience that Dick will never forget." " I would like to thank you both for the patient assistance you have given Jean with her course. Wishing you every success in the wonderful help you are giving handicapped students." " Thank you sincerely for your interest in their education thus far. Glad as I will be to have them in school, I certainly will miss the mail from school and the nice comments that were put on the lessons by the teachers in each grade." " Colin is settling into his work now and we are both enjoying the lessons. I think all mothers should have to teach for a while, as it is an experience I would like others to have too." "We are very pleased with the course. Tom is now in Grade VI, and we are as enthusiastic about the course as when he was in Grade I. We feel we are very fortunate in having such a carefully thought-out course in this Province." " The whole course seems rather wonderful to me, considering the misgivings I had before starting in regard to starting a child out in Grade I, and I think those responsible for the development of the system are to be highly commended. I realize a child misses a great deal by not attending an ordinary school in the way of social and group activities, but I also think a parent misses a great deal who has not had to help with correspondence! It gives one a better understanding of the teacher's work. Busy as I am, I consider it a privilege to give my daughter a year's instruction at home. It forms a closer and more understanding relationship about many things in a child's make-up, also the child learns to regard his mother in a different light." "We find the boys' progress very satisfactory, but on a farm where time is at a premium the loss of time is felt, but cheerfully given." An interesting feature of this year's work was the use for the first time of the basic readers: Curriculum Foundation Series in Grades I, II, and III. It has been interesting to note the enthusiasm of the parents and pupils for these readers. If the comments of the parents can be considered reliable, then the primary pupils have made excellent progress in reading. The following comments will give some idea of their enthusiastic reaction:— " I think the whole reading programme for Grade I is 100 per cent, better than the one that was in use when my other two children were in Grade I. The readers are much more attractive than the old Jerry and Jane." " Judy thoroughly enjoys her reading. She reads independently from books beside her reader. Seems to grasp the meaning quickly. She discusses the stories and asks many questions about them. She is always using new ideas from the stories. Can read silently, and reads rapidly. She uses no lip movement and no pointing. Reads fluently and seems to understand clearly what the characters are saying and doing. She knows how to find pages and table contents, holds books properly. I am very pleased with the rapid progress Judy made in her reading. She does enjoy it so much and has learned how to find so many new words by finding smaller words inside the other word she is learning." " Felicity was much interested in finding ' go ' in ' going.' She guessed ' take ' from ' make.' She enjoyed the playhouse very much. ' Then ' and ' them ' and ' last' CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOLS. JJ 105 and ' look' took a bit of time. She loved the rhymes and has been making up ones ever since. She is getting great enjoyment from the supplementary readers from the library. They have very much the same vocabulary, and she thinks out the new words either from the context or phonetically." " John does not seem to have any particular difficulties. Naturally he doesn't read as fluently as he will in time, but his accuracy has improved to the point where he seldom reads incorrectly, even in sight reading with new words involved. He is acquiring a feeling for words and combinations of various letters." " Sandford was a very nervous child. He is developing more poise and confidence, and I feel that these reading lessons are contributing in a large measure to developing his personality." A visit was made in October, 1947, to Williams Lake and Prince George and a number of our pupils and their parents were contacted. It is interesting to see the pupils in their home environment, and personal contact with someone from the school is good from the pupils' view-point. An issue of the school magazine was published and sent to all families. These are received with great interest by the children. The majority of our pupils borrow books from the Public Library Commission and are very adequately served by this branch of the Department. Information concerning radio programmes is forwarded to all pupils. The programmes are greatly enjoyed by those who have access to them. The following excerpt from a letter is interesting:— " We have derived many useful hints from the school broadcasts. After hearing ' glare' mentioned on our broadcast, we installed venetian-type blinds in the room used as a school-room. The results were most gratifying." The staff for the school-year 1947-48 consisted of the Director, six office staff, twelve instructors, and three outside markers. JJ 106 PUBLIC SCHOOLS REPORT, 1947-48. TEXT-BOOK BRANCH. REPORT OF P. G. BARR, OFFICER IN CHARGE. It was with considerable regret that during the year under review I had to ask for, and obtain, quite a substantial supplementary vote in addition to the generous sum already in the estimates, in order to cover the expenses involved in the distribution of free text-books, etc. It has been pointed out in previous Annual Reports that free text-books are not really free, for they must be paid for by the Government through taxation. It should, therefore, be the responsibility of all school officials to see that there is no unnecessary waste or extravagance in connection with the use of these so-called free books in our public schools. It is expected that free books will be properly cared for in the schools, and that teachers will only requisition for the minimum requirements. The proper requisition forms must be used. The forms should be properly completed and submitted to the Text-book Branch by the secretary-treasurer of the school district. When orders are placed with us for saleable books, the regulations of the Commissioner, Social Security and Municipal Aid Tax, are to be adhered to. Unless exemption is properly claimed, the Text-book branch is required to charge the sales tax. To purchase and distribute the free supplies, issued during the school-year 1947-48 to public schools and in connection with correspondence courses, required an expenditure of $172,930.05; 5,266 free requisitions were received and filled. Combined orders, free and saleable, reached the large total of 20,293. From these orders the sum of $473,459.61 was collected by us and deposited in the Treasury. Many of the report forms, etc., issued by the Department of Education were distributed by us to the various School Boards, when and where required. ANNUAL REPORT OF THE OFFICER IN CHARGE, TEXT-BOOK BRANCH, FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED MARCH 31ST, 1948. In presenting the sixteenth annual report of the Text-book Branch, attention is drawn to the volume of business, which amounts to approximately $542,000. This is 15 per cent, more than last year, and is more than twice the volume in 1943—five years ago. For years the Text-book Branch has been cramped for space. Unsuitable quarters have a detrimental effect on efficiency. Conditions are such now that the walls can no longer contain our stock, and additional space, not convenient to our main stores, was rented this year. The Branch requires new and more modern quarters. In spite of these trying conditions, we had a good year—no bad debts and our clients throughout British Columbia and the Yukon were satisfied. Stock. The stock on hand is in proper quantity and is all live stock. Deliveries from the publishers are improving, but there are still unavoidable delays, which result in added labour and expense. Sales. Our sales for the year amounted to $541,622.23, and the discount to dealers, School Boards, etc., was $82,820.79. „ Profit. The net profit, as shown by our profit and loss statement, is $13,760.04. This amount was turned into the Consolidated Revenue Fund. It has been customary during TEXT-BOOK BRANCH. JJ 107 the past fifteen years for the Text-book Branch to set aside part of the annual profit as reserves for bad debts and dead stock. This year we were instructed by the Audit Branch that this practice must cease, and our reserves, as shown on the 1947 balance- sheet, of $2,000 for bad debts and $2,000 for dead stock, have been eliminated. General Remarks. A perusal of the annual reports of the Text-book Branch over the past decade or more gives a story in miniature of a growing business well operated. The growth in volume of business exceeds the increase in school population and can only be explained by the type of service this Branch is rendering to the Province as a whole. Our clients, both dealers and School Boards, are satisfied with the service we give them, and, as a result, they order more and more miscellaneous books from us. They save themselves work and worry and add to our labours. If satisfied clients is the acme of success in business, it may truly be said that the Text-book Branch is on its way. Once again I wish to extend my sincere thanks to a very loyal and efficient staff, for it is only because of their enthusiasm and co-operation that reports like this are possible. I wish also to thank School Boards, school officials, and dealers throughout the Province for their many acts of kindness, courtesy, and co-operation. Profit and Loss Statement, Year ended March 31st, 1948. Gross sales $541,622.23 Less discount 82,820.79 Net sales $458,801.44 Stock on hand as at March 31st, 1947 $127,652.98 Purchases for Year— Cost 422,087.31 Freight and duty 10,068.30 $559,808.59 Stock on hand as at March 31st, 1948 158,919.04 Net cost of goods sold 400,889.55 Gross profit for year $57,911.89 Expenses— Salaries and wages $35,964.05 Freight and delivery 5,702.26 Packing and general expenses 2,485.54 44,151.85 Operating profit for year (transferred to Consolidated Revenue Fund) $13,760.04 Certified correct. Certified correct. J. F. Meredith, P. G. Barr, Clerk. Officer in Charge. JJ 108 PUBLIC SCHOOLS REPORT, 1947-48. Balance-sheet, March 31st, 1948. Assess. Imprest Account— Cash on hand $100.00 Cash in bank 350.00 $450.00 Stock inventory 158,919.04 Obsolete stock on hand 10,661.19 Accounts receivable 52,793.14 $222,823.37 Liabilities. Treasury advances $450.00 Capital Investment Account 210,604.45 Accounts payable in suspense 1,107.73 Reserve for obsolete stock 10,661.19 $222,823.37 Certified correct. Certified correct. J. F. Meredith, P. G. Barr, Clerk. Officer in Charge. REPORT ON ADULT EDUCATION. JJ 109 REPORT ON ADULT EDUCATION. H. A. JONES, DIRECTOR OF TECHNICAL AND VOCATIONAL EDUCATION. Under the general heading of "Adult Education," two groups of classes are administered by the Department of Education, as follows: (1) Those that are conducted in co-operation with the Dominion Government, and (2) those that are the direct responsibility of the Province. The reports of the responsible officers are grouped here for convenience. Industrial Education — H. A. Jones, Director of Technical and Vocational Education. (1) Canadian Vocational Training Programme — Lieut.-Col. J. W. Inglis, Regional Director. (a) Classes operated under the Dominion-Provincial Youth Training Agreement. (b) Classes operated under the Dominion-Provincial Re-establishment Training Agreement. (c) Classes operated under the Apprentice Training Agreement. (2) Night-schools (see Industrial Education Report). (3) Vancouver School of Navigation. Correspondence Instruction— *High School—Miss Edith E. Lucas, B.A., D. es L., Director. *Elementary School—Miss Anna B. Miller, Director. *Recreation and Physical Education—Ernest Lee, B.A., B.Sc. in P.E., Director. *School and Community Drama—H. S. Hum, B.A., Director. (1) CANADIAN VOCATIONAL TRAINING PROGRAMME. The report which follows, with the exception of the sections dealing with Schedule E (Rural Training), Schedule H (Student Aid), and Supervisory Training, has been prepared by Lieut.-Col. J. W. Inglis, Regional Director, Canadian Vocational Training. The training given under Schedule L (Rehabilitation) was greatly curtailed, the enrolment being approximately 50 per cent, of that in March, 1947. Placement of students was exceedingly good throughout the year, and, in most of the trades, demands could not be filled. Surveys made by the Department of Veterans' Affairs indicate that the continuance of employment in the trades in which veterans were trained was even higher than during the previous year. Due to insufficient enrolment, several classes were closed during the fiscal year. In the case of veterans desiring training when the numbers were insufficient to warrant holding a class, arrangements were made for interprovincial transfers, so that some classes continued in British Columbia which otherwise would have been closed. In other cases, trainees were transferred to adjacent Eastern Provinces. (a) Dominion-Provincial Youth Training Programme. Schedule C—Urban Occupational Training. The purpose of this schedule is to provide opportunities for young people within the age-group of 16 to 30 years to learn basic skills in order to enable them to enter gainful employment. Young people lea
- Library Home /
- Search Collections /
- Open Collections /
- Browse Collections /
- BC Sessional Papers /
- PUBLIC SCHOOLS OF THE PROVINCE OF BRITISH COLUMBIA...
Open Collections
BC Sessional Papers
PUBLIC SCHOOLS OF THE PROVINCE OF BRITISH COLUMBIA Seventy-seventh Annual Report 1947-48 By the Superintendent… British Columbia. Legislative Assembly
jpg
Page Metadata
Item Metadata
Title | PUBLIC SCHOOLS OF THE PROVINCE OF BRITISH COLUMBIA Seventy-seventh Annual Report 1947-48 By the Superintendent of Education |
Alternate Title | PUBLIC SCHOOLS REPORT, 1947-48. |
Creator |
British Columbia. Legislative Assembly |
Publisher | Victoria, BC : Government Printer |
Date Issued | [1949] |
Genre |
Legislative proceedings |
Type |
Text |
FileFormat | application/pdf |
Language | English |
Identifier | J110.L5 S7 1949_V02_19_JJ1_JJ212 |
Collection |
Sessional Papers of the Province of British Columbia |
Source | Original Format: Legislative Assembly of British Columbia. Library. Sessional Papers of the Province of British Columbia |
Date Available | 2016 |
Provider | Vancouver : University of British Columbia Library |
Rights | Images provided for research and reference use only. For permission to publish, copy or otherwise distribute these images please contact the Legislative Library of British Columbia |
CatalogueRecord | http://resolve.library.ubc.ca/cgi-bin/catsearch?bid=1198198 |
DOI | 10.14288/1.0340593 |
AggregatedSourceRepository | CONTENTdm |
Download
- Media
- bcsessional-1.0340593.pdf
- Metadata
- JSON: bcsessional-1.0340593.json
- JSON-LD: bcsessional-1.0340593-ld.json
- RDF/XML (Pretty): bcsessional-1.0340593-rdf.xml
- RDF/JSON: bcsessional-1.0340593-rdf.json
- Turtle: bcsessional-1.0340593-turtle.txt
- N-Triples: bcsessional-1.0340593-rdf-ntriples.txt
- Original Record: bcsessional-1.0340593-source.json
- Full Text
- bcsessional-1.0340593-fulltext.txt
- Citation
- bcsessional-1.0340593.ris