Minister of Mines PROVINCE OF BRITISH COLUMBIA ANNUAL REPORT For the year ended 31 st December 1945 PRINTED BY AUTHORITY OF THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY. VICTORIA, B.C. : Printed by Charles F. Banitbld, Printer to the King's Most Excellent Majesty. 1940. BRITISH COLUMBIA DEPARTMENT OF MINES. VICTORIA, B.C. Hon. R. C. MacDonald, Minister. John F. Walker, Deputy Minister. James Dickson, Chief Inspector of Mines. G. Cave-Browne-Cave, Chief Analyst and Assayer. Hartley Sargent, Chief Mining Engineer. P. J. Mulcahy, Chief Gold Commissioner. ' To His Honour Lieut.-Colonel William Culham Woodward, Lieutenant-Governor of the Province of British Columbia. May it please Your Honour: The Annual Report of the Mining Industry of the Province for the year 1945 is herewith respectfully submitted. R. C. MacDONALD, Minister of Mines. Minister of Mines' Office, June, 1946. CONTENTS. Page. The Mining Industry 13 Statistics— Method of computing Production 18 Table I.—British Columbia Mine Production, 1944 and 1945 19 Table II.—Average Metal Prices, 1901-1945 20 Table III.—Total Production to 1945 21 Table IV.—Total Production for each Year, 1852 to 1945 21 Table V.—Quantities and Values of Mine Products, 1936-1945 22 Table VI.—Production of Lode Gold, Silver, Copper, Lead, and Zinc, 1887-1945 23 Table VII.—Value of all Gold Production to End of 1945 25 Table VIII.—Total Value of Mine Production, by Divisions, 1941, 1942, 1943, 1944, and 1945 26 Table IX.A.—Production in Detail of Placer Gold, Lode Gold, Silver, Copper, Lead, and Zinc, 1944 and 1945 27 Table IX.b.—Production Value of Placer Gold, Lode Gold, Silver, Copper, Lead, and Zinc, 1940-1945 28 Table IX.c.—Production and Value of Placer Gold, Lode Gold, Silver, Copper, Lead, and Zinc, 1900-1945 1 29 Table X.—Production in Detail of Structural Materials, 1944, 1945 30 Table XI.—Production in Detail of Miscellaneous Metals, Minerals, and Materials, 1944-1945 31 Table XII.—Graph—British Columbia Mine Production, 1895-1945 32 Table XIII.—Graph—British Columbia Lode Mines Production, 1913-1945_.___. 33 Table XIV.—Coal Production per Year to Date 34 Table XV.—Coke Production from Bee-hive Ovens, from 1895 to 1925 34 Table XVI.—Coke and By-products Production, British Columbia, 1944, 1945- 35 Table XVII.—Dividends paid by Mining Companies, 1897-1945 36 Table XVIII.—Salaries and Wages, Fuel and Electricity, and Process Supplies, 1945. 40 Table XIX.—Tonnage, Number of Mines, Net and Gross Value of Lode Minerals, 1901-1945 41 Table XX.—Men employed in the Mining Industry of British Columbia, 1901-1945 42 Table XXI.—Metalliferous Mines shipping in 1945 43 Table XXII.—Lode Metal Mines employing an Average of Ten or more Men during 1945 , 44 DEPARTMENTAL WORK. Departmental Work— Administrative Branch -■ 45 New Type Forms B and E (Mineral Act); Certificate of Work (Placer- mining Act) 45 Central Records Offices (Victoria and Vancouver) 45 5 A 6 REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF MINES, 1945. Departmental Work—Continued. page. Administrative Branch—Continued. Amalgamation of Mining Divisions 46 Gold Purchasing 46 List of Gold Commissioners, Mining Recorders, and Sub-mining Recorders 47 Gold Commissioners' and Mining Recorders' Office Statistics 49 Chemical Laboratories and Sampling Plant r 50 Inspection Branch 53 Mineralogical Branch 53 Museums 54 Grub-staking Prospectors 54 Joint Offices of the British Columbia Department of Mines and of the Department of Mines and Resources, Canada 55 Publications 177 Geological Survey of Canada 56 METAL-MINING (LODE). Notes on Metal Mines— Atlin— Engineer Mine 61 Taku River— Taku River Gold Mines 61 Portland Canal— Salmon River— Silbak Premier Mines, Ltd 61 Summit Lake— Salmon Gold Mines, Ltd 62 Tide Lake— East 62 Marmot River— Gold Drop Mines, Ltd 62 American Creek— Mountain Boy Mining Co 62 Willoughby Creek— Wilby 62 Alice Arm— Esperanza Mine 62 Omineca— Usk— Nicholson Creek Mining Corp., Ltd 63 Pacific— Warrior 63 Gold Dome 64 Silver Creek— McKee 64 Whitesail Lake Area— Tahtsa Lake— Riverside 65 Captain 67 Emerald 68 1 CONTENTS. A 7 Notes on Metal Mines—Continued. page. Whitesail Lake Area—Continued. Whitesail Lake— Chikamin Mountain— Mentor 68 Dad's Special : 69 Rainy and Gold Coin 69 Roosevelt 69 Garner No. 1 and Marie 70 North Side of Whitesail Lake 70 West End of Whitesail Lake—■ Harrison 71 Lam 72 Old Timer 72 Eutsuk Lake— Surel Lake 72 Red Bird Mountain 73 Cariboo— Cariboo Gold Quartz Mining Co., Ltd 73 Island Mountain Mines Co., Ltd 79 Canusa Cariboo Gold Mines, Ltd 80 Barkerville Mining Co., Ltd 82 Wellknown and Unknown 82 Perkins Peak— Bluebell 82 Taseko Lake— Taylor Windfall Gold Mining Co., Ltd 82 Hido 83 Bridge River— Pioneer Gold Mines of B.C., Ltd 'r 84 Bralorne Mines, Ltd 84 Ranger 85 Grull Wihksne Gold Mines, Ltd 85 Pinebrayle Gold Mines, Ltd 86 Bridge River Consolidated Gold Mines, Ltd 86 B.R.X. Mines, Ltd 87 Paymuck j_ 87 Pacific (Eastern) Gold Mines, Ltd 87 Minto Gold Mines, Ltd 88 Olympic Gold Mines, Ltd 88 Hillstake Mining Co 88 Congress Gold Mines, Ltd 89 Pilot Gold Mines, Ltd 89 Golden Ledge Syndicate 89 New Holland Gold Mines, Ltd 1 : 89 Stump Lake— Consolidated Nicola Goldfields, Ltd ,- 90 Nicola Lake— Guichon Mine, Ltd 90 A 8 REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF MINES, 1945. Notes on Metal Mines—Continued. page. Copper Mountain— Granby Consolidated 90 Hedley— Apex 92 Hedley Monarch Gold Mines, Ltd 92 Hedley Amalgamated Gold Mines, Ltd 92 Hedley Mascot Gold Mines, Ltd 92 Good Hope 93 Nickel Plate Mine 93 Camp McKinney— Cariboo-Amelia 94 Beaverdell— Highland Bell, Ltd 94 Greenwood-Grand Forks— Wellington Camp— Athelstan 95 Jewel Lake— Dentonia Mines, Ltd 95 Central Camp— Number Seven 95 Greenwood— Providence 96 Rossland— Mount Roberts—■ Midnight 96 I.X.L 96 Red Mountain— Gertrude Gold Mining Co., Ltd 96 Nelson— Eagle Creek— Granite-Poorman 96 Morning Mountain—■ Irene 99 Hall Creek- Golden Eagle and T.S 99 Fern 99 Ymir— Oxide 99 Ymir Good-Hope Mining Co 100 Erie Creek— Arlington 100 Second Relief 100 South Kootenay Lake— Bayonne Consolidated Mines, Ltd 100 Sheep Creek— Kootenay Belle 101 Sheep Creek Gold Mines, Ltd 101 Gold Belt Mining Co., Ltd 102 Nugget : 102 I CONTENTS. A 9 Notes on Metal Mines—Continued. Page. Ainsworth— Ainsmore Consolidated Mines, Ltd 102 Scranton-Pontiac 103 Kaslo-Three Forks— Shutty Bench 103 Kokanee Chief 103 Voyageur 103 Bell 103 Whitewater 104 Lucky Jim 104 Sandon— Victor 105 Silver Ridge 105 Sunshine 105 Noble Five 105 Silverton-New Denver— L.H 105 Standard, Mammoth, and Enterprise 106 Hewitt 107 Bosun 107 Duncan River— Erdahl and Pinchbeck Claims 107 Ferguson— True-Fissure l. 109 Kimberley-^ Sullivan 109 Field— Monarch and Kicking Horse 111 Skagit River— Invermay Annex . ; 111 Ruskin— L.A.P. Mining Co *_,. 112 Howe Sound— Britannia Mining and Smelting Co., Ltd 112 Texada Island— Gem I'lLilIi 113 Red Hawk Gold Mines, Ltd 113 Copper King , __—_.„. r. .1.13 Surprise Gold Mines, Ltd '.'. 'J—L-l 113 Little Billie - ,~,~, 114 Marble Bay Mining Co '. 114 Loyal 1-—i 114 Port Alberni 114 Great Central Lake— Sherwood 1 — 115 Herbert Arm— Berton Gold Mines, Ltd 115 A 10 REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF MINES, 1945. Notes on Metal Mines—Continued. page. Zeballos— Privateer Mine, Ltd 116 Inspection of Metal Mines— Production 117 Fatal Accidents 117 Dangerous Occurrences 118 Explosives used in Mines 120 Prosecutions 120 Air-sampling 120 Dust and Ventilation 120 Safety and First-aid Work 121 PLACER-MINING. Atlin— Spruce Creek 123 Ruby Creek 124 Otter Creek ' 124 Boulder Creek 124 Consolation Creek 124 McKee Creek 124 Cariboo— Willow River 124 Big Valley Creek 125 Williams Creek 125 Antler Creek 126 Cunningham Creek 126 Lightning Creek .. 126 Cottonwood River 126 Quesnel River 126 LlLLOOET 127 NON-METALLICS. (Including Structural Materials.) Barite 130 Clay and Shale 130 Gypsum 131 Limestone 131 Marl ■___ 132 Stone, Sand, and Gravel 133 COAL-MINING. The Inspection Branch 136 Production— Output and Per Capita Production, 1945 (Table) 137 Output and Per Capita Production in Various Districts (Table) 138 Collieries—Production, 1945 (Table) 139 Collieries—Men employed, 1945 (Table) 140 CONTENTS. A 11 Page. Labour and Employment 141 Competition of Coal produced outside British Columbia 141 Accidents in and around Coal Mines 141 Explosives 141 Machine-mined Coal 145 Safety-lamps 146 Electricity 147 Methane Detection 148 Mine-air Samples 148 Ventilation 148 Inspection Committees 149 Coal-dust 149 Dangerous Occurrences 149 Bumps 150 Outbursts of Gas 150 Prosecutions 150 Government Mine-rescue Stations 150 Supervision of Coal Mines 151 "Coal Sales Act" (Registered Names of British Columbia Coals) 152 Board of Examiners for Coal-mine Officials— First-, Second-, and Third-class Certificates and Mine-surveyors' Certificates 153 Examinations for Certificates of Competency as Coal-miners 153 Notes on Coal Mines— Vancouver Island Inspection District— Nanaimo 154 Comox 159 Nicola-Princeton Inspection District— Princeton 161 Merritt 162 Hat Creek 163 East Kootenay Inspection District 163 Northern Inspection District— Telkwa 171 Hudson Hope 171 Pine River 175 List of Publications 177 Prospectors' Sets 179 List of Libraries 180 Synopses of Mining Laws and Laws specially related to Mining 182 List of Prices charged for Acts , 194 Index , 195 A 12 REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF MINES, 1945. ILLUSTRATIONS. (After page 60.) Plate. I.—A. Ranger group adit, Mount Truax, Bridge River. B. Looking down Tahtsa Lake from Tahtsa Peak. II.—A. Cariboo Gold Quartz mine from Island Mountain. B. Sheep Creek Valley, showing Gold Belt and Kootenay Belle mills. PLANS. PAGE. Whitesail Lake area 66 Cariboo Gold Quartz mine— Plan . - 75 Horizontal section 76 Veins in the Rainbow zone 77 Surface workings on the Sanders zone 78 King Gething coal mine, plan and sections 173 Peace River coal mine 174 Hasler Creek coal mine 175 Placer leaseholds, method of laying out 186 Annual Report of the Minister of Mines, 1945. THE MINING INDUSTRY. BY Hartley Sargent, Chief Mining Engineer. The gross value of mineral production for 1945 exceeded $63,300,000, an increase of $8,400,000 or more than 15 per cent, compared with the value of production in 1944. Of the metals, lode gold decreased 6 per cent, from the 1944 figure; copper decreased 28.8 per cent, in quantity and 25.5 per cent, in value, while silver, lead, and zinc increased from 7.6 to 20 per cent, in quantity and 18 to 61 per cent, in value. The metals group increased nearly 23 per cent, compared with the value of production in 1944. Coal production decreased by 415,000 tons, or 21.5 per cent, in quantity and value. The decrease resulted in part from a strike which fortunately was settled in a comparatively short time. The value of non-metallics increased by 9.3 per cent., increases in gypsum and sulphur more than offsetting reduced production of fluxes. The group " Clay Products " increased by a third, all the major items recording increases in value. The greatest increases were in " common brick " and in " structural tile—hollow blocks." Of the group " Other Structural Materials," sand and gravel decreased but the other items increased, giving an increase of 15 per cent, for the group. Part of the increase in value is attributed to increases in average prices for metals, the prices of all the principal metals except gold having increased materially as compared with 1944. This statement needs to be amplified by stating that the price for each metal is the average price received for all of the particular metal produced in Canada. Although the average price received by Canadian producers of zinc improved markedly in 1945, some producers may have received lower prices at the end of the year because they had lost the advantage of exporting to the United States market under favourable war contracts. The value of production in 1944 was the lowest for any year since 1936 and is almost $4,000,000 lower than the average value for the twenty-year period 1926 to 1945. Comparison with the average for the twenty-year period may be of interest; accordingly, the arithmetic averages for the twenty-year period and the production for the years 1944 and 1945, in round figures, are set forth in the following table, which includes metal prices with the production figures:— 13 A 14 REPORT OF THE MINISTER OP MINES, 1945. Average, 1926-45.* Price. Quantity. Value. $25.42 $30.85 45.26c. 10.94c. 3.86c. 4.07c. 26,600 314,000 9,440,000 60,790,000 351,000,000 255,000,000 $730,000 Gold, lode fine, oz. 10,505,000 4,310,000 Copper Lead Zinc lb. lb. lb. 7,030,000 13,440,000 10,070,000 $46,085,000 Coal $4.45 1,740,000 7,835,000 2,595,000 2,310,000 $58,825,000 1944. $31.66 $38.50 43.00c. 12.00c. 4.50c. 4.30c. 11,500 186,500 5,705,000 36,300,000 294,800,000 280,400,000 $360,000 Gold, lode 7,185,000 2,455,000 lb. lb. 4,355,000 13,265,000 Zinc lb. 12,055,000 $39,675,000 $4.25 1.935,000 8,220,000 3,025,000 4,005,000 $54,925,000 1945. Gold, placer crude, oz. Gold, lode : :.... fine, oz. Silver fine, oz. Copper : lb. Lead...:...: lb. Zinc : lb. Total value of principal metals Coal long ton Structural materials Miscellaneous metals, minerals, etc Grand total, value $31.66 $38.50 47.00c. 12.55c. 5.00c. 6.44c. $4.25 12,500 175,500 6,157,000 25,850,000 353,500,000 301,700,000 1,520,000 $400,000 6,750,000 2,895,000 3.245,000 17,675,000 19,430,000 $50,395,000 6,455,000 3,400,000 3,095.000 $63,345,000 * Prices and production figures for the period 1926-45 are arithmetic averages. The quantities of the principal metals produced in 1944 and 1945 were well below the twenty-year averages, except for zinc in both years and lead in 1944.5 The metal prices for the two years were higher and in some cases materially higher than the twenty-year average. It is interesting to note that production of zinc has increased greatly in quantity and in relative importance, while copper production has declined materially in the twenty-year period. The twenty-year period includes substantially all our production of sulphur, mercury, tungsten, antimony, bismuth, cadmium, and tin. These products make up a large part of the miscellaneous group which is now of considerable importance but was relatively unimportant before 1925. THE MINING INDUSTRY. A 15 In the early part of 1945 most mining operations were acutely short of labour. Returns from the operators show that the average numbers of men employed for the year, in all departments of the mining industry except underground in lode mines and in the production of structural materials, were less than the averages for 1944. However, by the end of 1945 many more men were employed in metal mines than had. been employed at the beginning of the year. Skilled miners were still short in supply, but it is expected that the increasing experience of new employees and the efforts being made to train new employees will increase the supply of skilled labour. The situation at the coal mines has not improved materially, and improvement is apt to take more time than for the metal-mining industry as the time required to train miners is longer for coal-mining than for metal-mining. Dividends credited to 1945 amounted to $10,487,395, compared with $11,367,732 credited to 1944. The 1945 figure includes $70,504 made up of capital distribution and two amounts omitted from the amount credited to 1944. Prospecting, development, and rehabilitation of mines and plants were pursued actively during 1945 and are continuing in 1946. Exploratory work was undertaken in the Portland Canal, Cariboo, Bridge River, Hedley, Boundary, Nelson, Slocan, Texada Island, Taseko Lake, and Whitesail Lake areas. This work was directed principally toward the search for gold ore, but base-metal ores also received attention. A note on the grub-staking of prospectors by the Provincial Government will be found on page 54. Work has been resumed at several gold mines which were shut down during the war. Production from some of these properties will probably make a considerable contribution to the 1946 total. It is also expected that production will be increased at other properties where war conditions necessitated reductions. Expansion of copper production to make up some of the war-time reduction is also expected. The price now being obtained for silver is materially higher than for many years, and the prices for copper, lead, and zinc are higher than during much of the time in recent years. These conditions point to increases in quantity and value of metal production for 1946. Industrial disputes have caused shut-downs in other industries, and should shut-downs occur in the mining industry, production would obviously be affected adversely. War requirements occasioned the beginning of production, or of substantially increasing production, of several items included under " Miscellaneous Metals, Minerals, and Materials." The production of several of these items has been greatly reduced; however, production of by-product metals and sulphur will probably continue to make the miscellaneous group important in total value of production; there are also prospects that some new production will be undertaken in this group. Production of clay products and of other structural materials is expected to be above average because of the activity in building and other construction. STATISTICS. The collection and compilation of mining statistics and the preparation of statistical tables for this report is in charge of the Bureau of Economics and Statistics, Department of Trade and Industry. Since 1939 several mining divisions have been amalgamated with others. These changes may be of interest to those studying the tables and therefore have been set forth under the heading "Amalgamation of Mining Divisions," page 46. METHOD OF COMPUTING PRODUCTION. The total value of mine output of the Province, consisting of metalliferous minerals, coal, structural materials, and miscellaneous metals, minerals, and materials, is calculated at standard prices in Canadian funds. In the Annual Report for 1925 some changes were made in the methods used in previous years in computing and valuing the products of the industry, but in order to facilitate comparisons with former years the same general style of tables was adhered to. The methods used in the 1925 Annual Report have been followed in subsequent Annual Reports, with the addition of new tables. Metals. The following notes explain the methods used:— (1.) From the certified returns of lode mines of ore and concentrate shipments made during the full calendar year by the producers, the net recovered metal contents have been determined by deducting from the " assay value content " necessary corrections for smelting and refining losses. In making comparisons of production figures with previous years, it should be remembered that prior to 1925 in the Annual Reports the total metal production, with the exception of copper, was determined by taking the assay value content of all ores shipped; deductions for slag losses were made by taking varying percentages of the metal prices. (2.) The data on placer-gold production were very largely obtained from the Gold Commissioners until 1925. The value of placer gold in dollars is now obtained from returns received annually from the operators. At the old standard price, $20.67 per ounce of fine gold, $17 was regarded as a close approximation of the average value per ounce of crude placer gold produced in British Columbia. Dividing the production reported in dollars by 17 gave the equivalent in crude ounces. Beginning with 1932 the average value per crude ounce has been based on the same fineness but has recognized the varying price of gold. Since 1940 the price per fine ounce has been $38.50 in Canadian funds, and the equivalent average value per crude ounce has been $31.66. (3.) In the interests of uniformity the Statistical Bureaus of the Provinces and the Dominion Bureau of Statistics use the same average metal prices in valuing mineral production. Suspension of trading on the London Metal Exchange in September, 1939, and the controls of metals during the war years have necessitated changes from the procedures which had been followed previously. A foot-note under Table II. outlines the procedures which have been followed in recent years. The prices used formerly in evaluating metal and mineral production were:— Gold and Silver.—The average United States prices for the year, as quoted in the Engineering and Mining Journal, converted into Canadian funds at the average exchange rate. 17 A 18 REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF MINES, 1945. Copper, Lead, and Zinc.—The average London Metal Market prices for the year converted into Canadian funds at the average exchange rate. British Columbia lead and zinc were sold largely on the basis of the London prices. The New York, St. Louis, and Montreal lead- and zinc-market prices differed materially from the London prices and were not properly applicable in valuing British Columbia production. Until 1932 the New York price for copper was used. British Columbia copper production was sold largely in the United States, and the New York export price for copper rather than the London price was the basis for settlement. Any difference between the two prices introduced a variation in the gross value of copper production as calculated. (.See foot-note, Table II.) Fuel. (4.) In 1926 a change was made in computing coal and coke statistics. The practice in former years had been to list coal and coke production (in part) as primary mineral production. Only the coke made in bee-hive ovens was so credited; that made in by-product ovens was not listed as coke, but the coal used in making this coke was credited as coal production. The result was that the coke-production figures were incomplete. Starting with the 1926 Annual Report, the standard practice of the Bureau of Statistics, Ottawa, has been adopted. This consists of crediting all coal produced, including that used in making coke, as primary mine production. Coke-making is considered a manufacturing industry. As it is, however, of interest to the mining industry, a table included in the report shows the total coke produced in the Province, together with by-products, and the values given by the producers. This valuation of coke is not, of course, included in the total gross mine production of the Province. From 1918 to 1930 coal production was valued at $5 per long ton. In 1931 the price used was $4.50, and from 1932 on the price used has been $4.25 per long ton. The different prices should be kept in mind when comparing the dollar value of production for different years. STATISTICS. A 19 TABLE I.—British Columbia Mine Production, 1944 and 1945. Quantity, 1944. Quantity, 1945. Value, 1944. Value, 1945. Per Cent. Increase ( + ) or Decrease (—). Quantity. Value. Metallics. $ 281,000 154,844 401,623 4,356,070 7,185,332 361,977 13,265,886 1,210,375 2,453,293 299,643 236,788 12,055,328 $ 292,635 260,047 505,328 3,244,472 6,751,860 398,591 17,674,884 — 28.8 — 6.0 + 10.0 + 20.0 — 100.0 + 7.9 — 100.O + 7.6 + 4.1 + 67.9 + 25.8 lb. 36,300,589 186,632 11,433 294,797,469 755,908 5,705,334 25,852,366 175,373 12,589 353,497,689 — 25.5 Gold, lodet — 6.0 Gold, placerf crude, oz. lb. + 10.0 + 33.2 lb. —100.0 Silver* 6,157,307 2,893,934 484,490 331 19,431,921 + 18.0 lb. + 61.7 — 100.0 Zinc* lb. 280,356,477 301,737,902 + 61.2 42,262,159 51,938,493 + 22.9 Fuel. Coal tons (2,240 lb.) 1,933,639 1,518,673 8,217,966 6,454,360 — 21.5 — 21.5 Non-met allics. 63,579 100,283 17,903 103,927 8,200 473 1,123,868 63,414 70,266 16,272 127,434 1,985 3,146 1,267,350 — 28.7 4- 2.1 +565.1 + 12.6 Fluxes—-limestone, quartz Granules—slate and rock, talc tons tons 63,443 949 45,221 969 — 29.9 — 9.1 + 22.6 — 75.8 Sodium carbonate Sulphur % tons tons 43 113,374 286 127,653 +565.1 + 12.8 Totals 1,418,233 1,549,867 + 9.3 UCTURAL No. No. Clay Products and Other Stb Materials. Clay Products. Brick- Common Face, paving, sewer brick 2,038,193 1,182,784 3,092,000 1,319,743 40,936 41,495 181,199 17,283 26,527 165,905 80,556 49,814 217,275 7,899 70,376 205,883 3,245 2,632 + 51.7 4- 11-6 — 86.2 — 7.5 + 96.8 + 20.0 + 20.0 3,706 510 — 54.3 + 165.3 + 24.1 +100.0 — 23.6 Drain-tile, sewer-pipe No. 1,733,114 1.603,969 3,444 476,789 637,680 + 33.7 Is. Other Structural Materic 1,085,918 421,648 935,370 64,794 40,926 1,182,297 522,692 865,557 127,809 65,194 + 10.0 + 298.5 + 62.0 + 8.9 + 24.0 147,444 162,334 — 7.5 1,075 44,423 4,284 71,949 + 97.3 Rubble, riprap, crushed rock tons + 59.3 Totals 2,548,656 2,763,549 + 8.4 | 54,923,803 63,343,949 + 15.3 1 * For information on evaluation of silver, copper, lead, and zinc in 1945, refer to foot-note on Table II. t Canadian funds. $ Sulphur content of pyrites shipped, estimated sulphur contained in sulphuric acid made from waste smelter- gases, and elemental sulphur. A 20 REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF MINES, 1945. TABLE II.—Average Metal Prices* used in compiling Value of Provincial Production of Gold, Silver, Copper, Lead, and Zinc. Year. Gold. Fine Ounce. Silver. Fine Ounce. Copper, Lb. Lead, Lb. Zinc, Lb. 1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 .. 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 . 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 - 1030 1931 1932 1933 / 1934 1935 - 1930... 1937 _ 1938 1939 1940 1941 _ 1942 1943 1944 1945 Average, 1941-45 (inc $ 20.67 23.47 28.80 34.50 35.19 35.03 34.99 35.18 36.14 38.50 38.50 38.50 38.50 38.50 38.60 Cents. 50.002 N 49.55 50.78 53.36 51.33 03.45 02.06 50.22 48.93 50.812 50.64 57.79 56.80 52.10 47.20 62.38 77.35 91.93 105.57 95.80 59.52 64.14 61.63 63.442 69.065 62.107 56.37 58.176 52.993 38.154 28.700 31.071 37.832 47.461 04.790 45.127 44.881 43.477 40.488 38.249 38.261 41.166 45.254 43.000 "47.000 38.50 42.936 Cents. 10.11 N.Y. 11.70 13.24 12.82 15.59 „ 19.28 20.00 „ 13.20 12.98 „ 12.738 „ 12.38 „ 16.341 ,, 15.27 13.60 17.28 27.202 27.18 24.63 18.70 17.45 12.50 13.38 14.42 13.02 14.042 ., 13.795 ,. 12.92 14.570 ,, 18.107 ,, 12.982 „ 8.116 ., 6.380 Lond. 7.454 ,, 7.419 ,, 7.795 ,, 0.477 ,, 13.078 „ 9.972 ,, 10.092 „ 10.086 „ 10.080 ,, 10.086 „ 11.75 12.000 „ •12.550 ,, Cents. 2.577 X.Y. 3.06 3.81 3.88 4.24 4.81 4.80 3.78 3.85 4.00 3.98 4.024 3.93 3.50 4.17 0.172 7.91 6.07 5.19 7.10 4.09 5.10 0.54 7.2S7 7.848 Li 6.751 , 5.250 , 4.575 , 5.050 , 3.927 , 2.710 , 2.113 , 2.391 , 2.436 , 3.133 , 3.913 . 5.110 3.344 3.169 , 3.362 , 3.362 3.362 3.754 4.500 •5.000 nd. 11.204 3.990 4.00 B. St 4.90 5.90 4.80 4.40 11.25 10.88 7.566 0.04 (1.24 0.52 3.95 4.80 5.02 5.39 7.892 7.409 6,194 5.493 5.385 3.599 2.554 2.405 3.210 3.044 3.099 3.315 4.902 3.073 3.069 3.411 3.411 3.411 4.00 4.300 •6.440 nd. 4.31S * Until price control was initiated in the recent war. the average metal prices used in evaluating British Columbia metal production were those used by the Dominion Bureau of Statistics and by all Provinces co-operating with that Bureau. The average United States prices, as quoted in the Engineering and Mining Journal, converted to Canadian funds were used for the precious metals. London prices were used similarly for the principal base metals (see also note headed " Metals," page 17). The method of arriving at the price for gold continued unchanged, but while controls were in effect during the war, the prices for the metals controlled were supplied by the Canadian Metals Controller. In 1945 the controls were largely removed and the Dominion Bureau of Statistics again computed average prices, using information supplied by the principal Canadian refiners of silver and the base metals. In recent years the prices received for silver, lead, and zinc used in Canada have been substantially less than the prices received for these metals exported to the United States. Further, in 1945 the prices for foreign silver imported into the United States increased from 49.5 cents to 78.2 cents per ounce, in Canadian funds. The 1945 average price, 47 cents per ounce of fine silver, is a somewhat arbitrary figure, reconciling the markedly different prices received for silver used in Canada and silver exported. In addition to metal sold in Canada, British Cohimbia silver, lead, and zinc are exported to the United States, Great Britain, and other markets abroad, and for some years all British Columbia copper has been sold in the United States. If the United States prices were used instead of the Dominion Bureau of Statistics average price, additional amounts could be credited to the copper production values; namely, for 1945, $82,728; for 1944 $315 815- and for 1943, $473,845. Note.—In making comparisons with average prices used prior to 1925, it should be remembered that deductions were made from the average prices as a means of adjustment between the " assay value content " of ores shipped instead of allowing percentage losses in smelting operations. The price of copper prior to 1925 was taken at "net"; silver, at 95 per cent.; lead, at 90 per cent.; and zinc, at 85 per cent. Subsequent to 1925 (inclusive) prices are true averages, and adjustments are made on the metal content of ores for loss in smelting and refining. STATISTICS. A 21 TABLE III.—Total Production for all Years up to and including 1945. Gold, placer $92,297,951* Gold, lode 332,908,138* Silver 160,347,708 Copper 338,245,361 Lead 358,037,657 Zinc 241,263,375 Coal and coke 429,758,895 Structural materials 96,762,878 Miscellaneous metals, minerals, and materials 47,842,681 Total $2,097,464,644 * Canadian funds. TABLE IV.—Production for each Year from 1852 to 1945 (inclusive). 1852 to 1895 (inclusive) $94,547,370 1896- 1897- 1898 1899 1900 1901. 1902 1903. 1904 1905. 1906 1907 1908. 1909 1910. 1911.. 1912 1913. 1914. 1915 1916 1917 1918 7,507,956 10,455,268 10,906,861 12,393,131 16,344,751 19,671,572 17,486,550 17,495,954 18,977,359 22,461,325 24,980,546 25,882,560 23,851,277 24,443,025 26,377,066 23,499,072 32,440,800 30,296,398 26,388,825 29,447,508 42,290,462 37,010,392 41,782,474 1919 33,296,313 1920 35,543,084 1921 $28,066,641 35,162,843 41,304,320 48,704,604 _...- 61,492,242 67,188,842 60,729,358 65,372,583 68,245,443 55,391,993 34,883,181 28,798,406* 32,602,672* 42,305,297* 48,821,239* 54,081,967* 74,475,902* 64,485,551* 65,681,547* 75,701,155* 78,479,719* 75,551,093* 65,892,395* 54,923,803* 63,343,949* 1922. 1923 1924 1925. 1926 1927- 1928. 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939- 1940- 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 Total $2,097,464,644 * Canadian funds. 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CO CO CO 00 CD CO b* b- co " * CO CO* CO CO IM on ,_, CO b- OS OS CM ry> b- «# CO CO © © CO 09 OS CO m © o : a IO Oi b- no o b- 00 on © © CO <* L— 00 CO LO CM © © CO r-t © co CN IO b- U9 in CO CM IO CO © CM 00 00 ,—I ^r ,-, on «tf r-i co h- OS © b- 1- © O) o eo <-> on 00 © ^ IO 00 CO CO CM © -# -Tf r-i CO CO © L— 00 © fc- CM OS rT © CO CO CO 09 © <7S l- OS O-I on cp r- © to b- CD b- CO 00 OJ © © CO -* CO CM eo b- CO IO CO CM © CM Tf OO CO CO rH CO CO CO H O ■* CO b b HXcDO^NNWI't-t-OW'fNiHi cm" cd" in" cm cm" co" b*" b- co" ©" co* -*)T zS ig> cm" rH in oo" ©" on co~ co -©cot-©ccio©"'+>oinco©©b-cMCDrH)nccmm© NO,cOC)HNCONN<OOfflMCibCOt->CDOX"5,X in" m" co" io* co* m* ■>* cm" cm* cm" -^* in* ■* in* V ^cjf ■* •^" -^* co cm" cm* CO"*COlOt-OHOCOCDCO^lOlOOOu3,*OHO^b COrflOXCOOC-«MOHitiHCObXtOXHMO bMlOrlHMHWXfOSlOOCOlOIOOlbMWMM o©CM(M©oomco * * # * OSCOI'bOiincO^t-^NCOHCOCONO Ht-OlONMcOLSNNc-HO-JHcOC. "rflOOOCO©©©CDb-CDCMinin©lOCOCO OlOCO'a'MfMMHNONCONMrlH-* ■CMCOCOt-00'©CMrHCD©ininCDCMrHCMCOcO riCOHCDMOCOONmWCOHHCON'JQ IO* -** Tj<" CO* CO* co" co* co" ■*d" © ©* CM ■*** CO OS i-t CM r-i rHrHrHrHi-HCMCMCM COOJbHD-OlCOCn^CnO'J'OlHCMOCOCOCOCONCO rHHWOWMt-COCOWMtft-XNXHNHOcOC- bc-"foocoboininHN^binH-*o>niitcoco t-©rHQ000lO©CO ^OObCO^COIti CO b IO •* ObbCOHt^COin COlOOOCOb-'^'CMOOb- ■^minmin-^cMrHrH ^IflCDbXOSO'HNcO-i'inCDbCOu, ... ^NNNNINcO{OCOMCOCOCOCOCOcO'*^,,tf'll,*V ©©©©©©©©©©©©©OSOS©©©©©©© STATISTICS. A 25 TABLE VII.—Value of Gold Production to Date. Year. Placer Gold. Crude (Ounces). Value. Lode Gold. Fine (Ounces). Value. 1858-1862 1863-1867 1868-1872 1873-1877 1878-1882 1883-1887 1888-1892 1893 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899 1900 1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 Totals 580,650 954,920 582,080 530.540 328.230 225,970 148,560 20,950 23.260 28.330 32,000 30,210 37.840 79.100 75.210 57.060 63.120 62,380 65.600 57,020 55,790 48.700 38.060 28.060 31,760 25.060 32.680 30.000 33,230 45,290 34,150 29,180 18.820 16,850 13,030 13,720 21,690 24,710 24,750 16,476 20.912 9,191 8.424 6.983 8,955 17.176 20,400 23.928 25.181 30,929 43,389 54.153 57.759 49.746 39.067 43,775 32,904 14,600 11.433 12.589 5,100,169 $9,871,634 16,283,592 9,895,318 9,019,201 5,579,911 3,841,515 2,525,426 356,131 405,516 481,683 544,026 513,520 643,346 1,344,900 1,278.724 970,100 1,073,140 1,060,420 1,115,300 969,300 948,400 828,000 647.000 477,000 540,000 426,000 555.500 510.000 565,000 770,000 580,500 496,000 320,000 286,500 221.600 233,200 368.800 420,000 420,750 280,092 355,503 156,247 143.208 118,711 152,235 291.992 395.542 562.787 714,431 895,058 1,249,940 1,558,245 1,671,015 1,478,492 1,236.928 1,385,962 1,041,772 462,270 361,977 _398,59i 1.170 6,252 39,270 62,259 106,141 110,061 138.315 167,153 210,384 236,491 232.831 222,042 238,660 224,027 196,179 255,582 238,224 267,701 228,617 257,496 272,254 247,170 250,021 221,932 114,523 164,674 152,426 120,048 135,663 197.856 179.245 247.716 209,719 201,427 178.001 188.087 145,339 160.778 146.039 181,564 223.529 297,130 365.244 404.472 460,781 557.522 587,180 583,416 571,026 444,518 224,403 186,632 175,373 $92,297,951 12,234,563 $23,404 125,014 785,400 244,180 ,122,820 201,217 857,573 ,453,381 ,348,605 888,269 812,616 ,589,608 .933,102 ,630,639 .065,020 282,880 ,924,090 ,533,380 ,725.513 ,322,442 627,490 109,004 ,167.934 ,587.334 .367,190 ,403.812 .150,645 481,392 .804,154 089.684 704.994 120.535 .335,269 ,163,859 679.601 888,097 004,419 323 576 018,894 261,307 ,392.929 250.985 852,936 168,654 ,122,727 613.624 221,272 461.516 ,984,501 113,943 ,639,516 ,185,332 751,860 .871,634 283,592 895,318 019,201 579,911 841,515 525.426 379,535 530.530 267,083 788,206 636.340 844,563 202,473 732,105 318,703 961,409 873.036 704.908 902,402 579,039 883.020 929,880 401.090 073.380 151.513 137.490 671,004 937.934 167.834 863,190 723.812 437.145 702,992 037.354 458.484 124.994 511,285 615,361 519.362 835,848 031,305 123.130 475.811 310.886 656.849* 955.716* 965.416* 747.994* 418.594* 680.972* 284.639* 699.764* 698.444* 370,463* 155.715* 101.786* 547,309* 150.451* $332,908,138 $425,206,089 * Canadian funds. A 26 REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF MINES, 1945. TABLE VIII.—Value of Mine Production by Divisions, 1941, 1942, 1943, 1944, and 1945. Mining Division. 1943. Atlin Portland Canal Skeena Stikine Cariboo Omineca Peace River.. Quesnel Kamloops Nicola Vernon Greenwood Osoyoos.... Similkameen Ainsworth Fort Steele Golden Lardeau Nelson Revels toke Slocan Trail Creek Alberni Ashcroft Clinton Lillooet Nanaimo New Westminster Vancouver Victoria Totals $1,449,341 2.262.577 640,785 32,991 .3,157,927 1,547,379 2,459 170,457 183,054 107,525 34,657 740,814 2,223,666 4,786,602 44,408 35,417,691 721,250 11,823 3,748,001 19,443 626,106 3,095,444 2,473,860 9,963 13,688 5,991,503 3,051,178 679.169 4,024,175 1,211,793 $78,479,719 $1,401 1,796, 430. 16, 2,465 3,273. 13. 77, 183, 122. 10, 511, 2,429, 4,111. 25. 35,427. 528. 1, 2,682, 30. 884, 4,154, 1,647, 59, 8, 5,093, 3,418, 654, 2,596, 1,491, 357 684 090 211 413 590 910 082 406 930 409 553 785 591 270 802 800 031 612 997 623 407 140 598 602 991 984 719 739 767 $75,551,093 $314,005 1,100,439 58,309 2,311 1,161,053 5,357,775 59,354 20,360 161,820 155,606 2,177 361,396 1,490,888 3,497,570 49,405 34,397,668 438,726 95 892,159 29,031 1,089,433 3,282,427 527,401 9,964 5,679 3,312,574 3,435,235 607,133 2,607,391 1,465,011 $255,539 732,087 32,211 1,520 979,399 1,409,984 58,251 13,804 124,130 83,032 3,225 275,571 1,837,959 3,242,076 277,435 30,532,861 324,525 1,288 544,663 19,664 1,193,092 2,246,794 9,725 14,809 1,803 3,072,599 3,353,930 597,569 2,233,911 1,450,347 $65,892,395 $54,923,803 $321,227 736,125 37,443 348 1,033,181 142,315 32,342 14,533 135,791 27,099 1,338 191.767 2,069,351 2,205,091 254,429 41,367,966 825,803 516,283 35,904 954,479 2,790,460 6,194 1,393 3.368 2,412,843 2,981,253 677,220 2,124,478 1,443,925 $63,343,949 STATISTICS. A 27 fc r-l N O z << o -t w 03" W Ph Ph O u 03" H > I—I co n" o O H Q O 9 o O 03 H O < Oh o HH <! H H Q fc O I—I H o p « o 03 Ph in OS iH a fc < C2 i-5 g cJ > w SO (N so in -f CO eo co Dp « 200,276 189,289 10,645,209 17,780,454 222,940 622,162 372 rc OB C CO 1- C\ ci T- -t- to i-rt H T- T-'O C. CO CC' © 04 00 a « 00 X T- Cl CM coe» lO*T" LOCO ©«» of © rH »- t^CM t-O "* °i ©N io© coN c't-" XO ci m od T3 a O Oh b- IO crcg L- CO ©o o eo Cl^ CO « C O t » rH CD N O O IO © CO lO « © CO CD 00 CD b^ © CO t Tt-i O CO* lO « CD © CO © © © IO O rH © -*" N b-" CD* 10* ©* -t h- ClCM CO© CD 01 CCCM ©T" CO CM ©<» •* d Cl © t-oo ©"cm" tNf b- ; © : eo ; io : © : 3 a! g "3 • CN ^ rH in osir rH»" COM c OS o in eoCO CO « b-"lfl CC «* IO O Cl o © rH o a meo o© b <* co r CO CP l: ait>cit> oi b" W^iOWCOO 01©^ T- cin ciin b- © Cl* © h. © f> b-O rH«* rH ©©b- ; t-Noo : co »b- : 01 CM CO* i © <t x« X « IO*«* ©N N CD CO*N rH T" cd a o Ph ID CO © N CN O on CI CO CO If) rH M" CN M CO rH O ©09 Tin"?) r-i ^ b N c O c h a. CfflOOCIOI- © O © O b- © IO i-" m t-" n* ©" ei ci Cl rj1 CO fl1 CO in rH CO © CC IN CO v_ H b-" ©* CM X ^ ci m CC © CO © ©"os CD»- rH T" ©TJ coin ©*T-" IO O IO © of © m co : io r* io ; ©_ in rH : (N* l>" -* ! 10 is 00 © © ©© ■* © b-N © © b-wj ■* CO* ©in Cl © s O o ai > d CO 0* <» t-co Ot- ■#« ■#*v rH V rH tf t-O rH O CO CM OJ© CO hi i-4 h." OS CO ci t- cd in CO O cir" © cm © ; t- m co : ci © © : of co" t-* i rH m eo : © * rH T- ©CM b-N ©«* © <t CO CM 00 c S3 o Ph rH en ©^ ©**f Ol © rH •* w ci in es ©•* o KMtCDh cfhTco'eo" CO « tf T- H T- Cl O Cl T- © o ci : © w co : cd©© ; io ©co* : CO O H ■* co^co : CO V Hr ©© X© 1OC0 ©*cm" ©ID CO CO ©"in CO CM ai a r> b- 1*. 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CD © CD © CD © ©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©cc©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©© ■* w ■#"3 ©© cd § .2 en *> 5 -a 1 i t c 1 1 pi J : < A c c c ,i 'i < c 1 c < a t s i "a < c p c c 1 i a t 2 r c f c c r g i c < c < c ' r a < 1 r C [ [ C a c c a T "c c c r- c c p: < C c" ( ( 1 a •< c P c i t c 1 f s 1 4 ( 1 s q c > c c £ > T c t r c r A 28 REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF MINES, 1945. TABLE IX.b.—Production Value op Placer Gold, Lode Gold, Silver, Copper, Lead, and Zinc in 1940, 1941, 1942, 1943, 1944, and 1945. Divisions. 1941. 1943 1945. Atlin Portland Canal Skeena Stikine Cariboo Omineca Peace River Quesnel Kamloops Nicola Vernon Greenwood Osoyoos Similkameen Ainsworth Fort Steele Golden Lardeau Nelson Revelstoke. Slocan Trail Creek Alberni Ashcroft Clinton Lillooet Nanaimo New Westminster Vancouver ., Victoria Totals ,245,709 .211,087 591,021 67,154 774,971 201,473 5,984 223,183 36,809 30,424 17,536 727,331 030,408 .564,452 24,862 147,985 ,021,364 13,433 057,804 2,976 138.730 564,603 905,014 17,382 69,996 607,347 39.258 20,598 833,476 4,180 1,445,931 2,253,299 547,908 32,991 3,077,675 170,039 2,438 167,297 8,073 9,436 30,122 711,981 2,173,069 4,351,322 34,308 31,013,289 700,911 11,823 3,686,326 2,596 626,106 322,106 2,450,639 1,362 11,420 5,982,811 1,379 32,095 3,742,673 1,456 1,393,567 1,796,684 354,257 16,211 2,415,991 62,397 760 74,625 5,713 7,473 458,573 2,122,417 3,621,198 3,870 30,921,250 497,178 2,633,021 1,108 884,623 193,658 1,610,534 7,535 6,554 5,075,552 1,102 3,758 2,245,915 380 63,196,550 63,601,981 56,415,904 310,734 1,089,525 982 2,311 1,104,703 31,789 20,232 1,551 831 224,385 1,414,337 3,010,155 45,455 30,328,407 402,738 95 837,919 253 1,089,433 348,821 521,595 855 982 3,286,891 380 2,387,899 73,354 253,242 732,087 601 1,520 947,593 30,141 13,614 1,007 760 398 183,763 1,793,878 2,949,189 272,678 25,549,264 267,048 1,288 276,616 1,361 1,193,092 13,772 5,631 1,203 1,330 3,068,573 190 728 1,959,227 158,092 318.147 736,125 380 348 950,292 19,250 538 13,171 190 285 142,489 2,001,678 1,967,074 248,479 37,656,140 763,883 425,304 823 954,479 5,715 63 1,172 222 2,407,569 317 1,781,529 46,536,612 9,677,! 50,395,662 STATISTICS. A 29 10 o o o Z cs Q «" < 1-1 «" w Ph Ph O o I 9 o O « o -1 9 o O PS w o h! 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CM ir CM cm CM ^p r-i rH to © CO CO to b- to id< © rH b- to ,_, eo b- ^ © CM ■** r-i 00 © t- © CO CO © co CM © -* CM rH eo IO r-i •H © b- ^f b- CM CO CM IO "f to IO CO CO C © CM •<# tf "ep -rr O IO to rH on © 00 CO 1* CM CO r- -Vf co IO 00 no © CJ lO CO b- © CM © rH CO CM Cl no CM © n* CM CM *"■ CO 00 *"■ en CM L- rH r_l CO © ■"* *ct on CO r-l CO © Cl o b- to CO o f/1 rH b- ■^ CO © © o «* b- © © b- as © b- to •* 00 CM © 00 © CM © b- © CO C *# CO CM O © rH O CM © "41 L— rH © r-i 00 to to IO CO rH co LO rH CO •c eo "^ t— rH CO «ef rH rH © o rH rH ■^ Ol 0) CM CO © © CO* 8S««S OOP. 0 nj o a "3 P ? o n ™ o +j § § S to d S S o s CO Ji M -rl *IH ' O d o fi ^^ r tj n sMr?;>uoffl<fciOrH,^Pic7!h<i<:ojr< id d.H ■ rn > > CO « | Z OS 8 OC 3 .3 1 »H CJ1 'S 'S £ co a O CO 3 S rrj !h O P> s2 ' 5 S a ) d 5 a I S s g P £ <4H .t. £ i a . c | -2 S I | a g 2 2 -a > a f* "3 » S « i J 4J {J 1 >1 I si !5"! i a; "2 ai > * g -a » a is "3 i .3 a a $ s *a £ n ^h en ^, 5 S J I .a c « ° ? s a o O C?£ H A 30 REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF MINES, 1945. io o fc 05 to s p H ►J < » P H -O g Eh DO h O H Ph 0 fc o r-l Eh O P o o PS C4 X a ■sib^ox uoisiaiq c c c oc c c © c rH C © b r-i © co V © b- rH r- © © rH CC CO © 67,838 14,657 23,252 19 nnfi © c CD r- ■■# OC b- If 230,241 29,667 34,109 31,742 46,696 1,686,231 1.979 -R2R 15,218 5.274 823,837 1.004,134 to © "^P CI "«# CM IO rH CM © © ^P co eo ■sionpojj CW © io © CM "V CO © © H Cl tJ< CM Tjt CO "■* © CO CM ■pazT3[3uQ ao 6* IO Cl CO* IO Cl eo PUB a[p-UlBJQ c» © rH CO © ■ Cl "W co" IO* © CM © CM © rp © ©* IO © io eo O CC © CC IO* IO* © © rH CM ■ajia-jooia *sin-jooa -(s^ooia a\oiioh) 3tIX [Ban^ono^s <y^ © CO rH © en b- 00 © 00* rH CM © © CM © CO tP b* 00* b- © CM b- lO CO CD* ©" CM b- •Xepajja ee eo © CO © CM CO b-' b-" 00 IO 00 b- r-l CM ©* b" 00 r-i rH CM co © CO © CM 00 b-" b-* © IO © b- rH CM rH b-" 00 rH rH CM •sj[ooia '^ojjqaaia c» ©_ **FHa aaAvag Pu-B e» IO LO © rn 'W 00 rH* Ol ■^ "<P IO TJH © rH -* CO rH © ■(uouitttoo) 3pHa ee- IO © r-i IO CO © rH 00 OC cs © CO CO IO © IO ©* © "* 00 O b- t- IO CO IO IO IO CO © © CC jaABJO pUB pUBg 1,867 2,770 12,768 4,173 31,536 66,063 67,838 14,657 19,785 11,427 37,907 86,427 227,231 28,892 25,256 34,482 21,594 42,064 172.220 178,917 14,886 4,860 302,482 390,825 pus 'dB-idia 'eiqqtia O O 00 00 h# Hf M H H ^t- lO »H n H M IO © © 8,049 19,383 3,010 775 1,459 817 9,748 4,632 1,296 1.245 332 414 15,770 26,786 CC rP Cl © © r-i ©* IO* "* © •3UO^H -Suipima e* © © © b- lO IO ■*p © © © CO © CO © -**" b" rH co • © © © © IO CO IO IO IO © "tf © © © b- oo ■* b* © CM •auo^s3uijrx puB auijT &} ■* rH CM OO b- CM_ CO* CM r-l CM CM rH IO CO IO © CO* IO* © © co -^p C-l © b- oo CO -=p ■* "^* 00 CM "W © © CO i-4 CM CM Cl -=P IO ■^U3UI3Q Vi 00 b- rH © © CM lO* CM CO 00 © r-t CO b- r-l © © CM IO* CM 00 00 O r-i ■JBaA 1944 1945 1944 1945 1944 1945 1944 1945 1944 1945 1944 1945 1944 1945 1944 1945 1944 1945 1944 1945 1944 1945 1944 1945 •** IO © © to d .2 > 5 4 C w C 0 c < t c « 0 r* CO P cd « E cfl O r n t o 5 c EC a p G -c B et c c X 1 C r CU > a c e a Ph TJ E a Cl c 1 C DC C a c 1 CC p of C c c r- a > 0 *c c i" r a £ j a C 0 c 0 r" o 03 o •a c c £ d CD CD 0 p a t *c C t: P CC q c a ■r a E c &■ r 0 r2 CD rH C a c s CJ c a +j G i EC r < a c H-= B "ct > P- •O C cd A a a r. U "rt In E- a '£ c -p c. > r cd 0 I c z "f h a < c c c C -r E ce + c c c I- CJ < t- a + E J a IS r a z x c « r- a > c c c a! > B C E- STATISTICS. A 31 fc < -31 OS W s w ►J fc z o EH O P Q o M CM X H J M < i-i -S[B^OX UOISIAIQ iriiflcoowo^N : t- © 10 : c :cob-co©©©coci ; © 00 © :cc ICOCOrHrH-iprHlOCO ! © O CO i 10 O CO CO O CO H b CO b t f CO « b r-l -*P i-H CO 00 © © cc c If ee © cc s&: ©b- ooco©;oooooo;©co co ^ h 10 h< 1-HrH 001OH iTf'JM IHb rH-tP©IO CM r-i r-l : CM : CM b- : rH : : cm* ci* CM C © © © C *<p" C ' j-saq.BJiuoouoo ua^sSunx $ 331 236,788 236,788 331 *"*X 299,643 484,490 CO © -*p © © rp ©" -*" © 00 CM -!P unudmg •a^BuoqjBQ umipog 1,084,380 1,230,630 39,488 36,720 00 © © 10 00 CO co" b-* CM © rH CM <* 1 1 1 1 1 1 i ! : 1 : i : : co © : : : ! b^ ! | : 17,903] 473 16,272 3,146 1 ■S9[riUBJJ) SpOH PUB 3^B[S •* 1 it:: i ::::!!! i : : : : co cm : : : : © t- : : : j © el ■ j j 1 j b" CD* ■^jcnDasjq : : 10 :::::::;:: j : : t- :::::::::: : ; t n !:'!::::: i : S» '• l O ! 1 j | ; > ; ; J j j i ! (M 1 : i i : j i i : i i to b- CO ©* CM ■sapixo uo.11 a. | < | ; ; ) ; [ ; j ] j ] ] : : : : : © 10 : : : : © co : : : : : cm © ! j i j 00* rH 8,200 1,985 ■ffjonpoja 103,927 125,134 2,300 b- "t CM CO © -tf CO* b^ © CM " (Z^UBtl-) pUB SUO^S -auiiT) xnia *BD"W 'a^IUIO^BIQ 84,173 28,400 1,440 14,340 41,866 330 CO © 00 © IN <M ©* ©* © b- 17,136 190 498 15,382 ... CM "# b- CO IO © IO* b" •uinjLupBO ■q;aui st a 1,907 399,716 505,328 eo 00 CM CM © eo rH IO* © © ■*p to $ 154,844 260,047 48,007|154,844 45,780[260,047 1 •a^iJBa 48,007 45,780 'Xuouii^uy 281,000 292,635 © 10 © CO © © rH CM" CO © CM CM ""»£ ^plO-rflO-^lO^lO^PlO^-PlO'ii'lO^PlO^l'lO^PlO^PlO ©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©en© ■^ IO © ff d .2 *> 5 Skeena Cariboo and Omineca Kamloops and Greenwood Osoyoos and Similkameen Fort Steele, Golden, and Lardeau Ainsworth, Nelson, and Revelstoke Trail Creek . Ashcroft and Clinton Lillooet and Nanaimo Vancouver and Victoria B B H- c fr S w f 3 S a .S 0 s"'-3 o o .5 u « a "3 S * o a .a $ § on cd d d ■a ■ g ■" 'o o O * _ T3 w a £ SS 'S '53 M 3 8-s a -. eg JS H" vh a K ■a '? Ph s +j H-J cd ti 0C H A 32 REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF MINES, 1945. TABLE XII.—British Columbia Mine Production, 1895-1945. o 03 O N O IS Wo in C£ < J J O °s LL. O o 10 m Z o _o -1 _l I o o 03 /\ 1 1 11 / 1 / \ / M V i / \ / | r 1 /a \ 1 \ 1 1 J \ J 1 / 1 10 / I DC _^ / 1 r,< \ /, / 1 I tin -J J J i / \ / \ / j -J M j f 1 1 i 0 j 1 I \ ! 0 \ A 1 1 \ s" ? /\ j t- * c ,1 * r 1 j / 1 o o , / I i '/ o <f 5 1 1 1 \i '/ « / \ ' 17 T? y ' \ y \ 1 1 | K) ^ V 1 \ / r "\ f Ul \ i i 1 / j z -^ -P > ( ?l / ' / 0 0 _> ^ ' V -Io-1 t / \ _j C" ',-«. \ / \ / — ~v ^ / \ 1 % s/ ^ ^ I ^ N ■i v v'~ - y / \ £ ■ / \ \ • -H. \ , - /"*"■ s •»• 1 0 , - .- S ' <v- pf $ V c ■ ~^ — -■•" \'' 1 1 \ / ^. » o a r /► '/A E F h COD Lt-A L'T F >LA( :e:r C iC h.c —N ID 10 N GO 0> O — CUKWtfitDK CD 03 n — 0> o o - <a o 0) 0) DKtDOio—cum (U •2 * m ids- m 0) o tu to □) 0) - QJ tO ^- n(DN 5 03 01 O - tu OS ro •* STATISTICS. A 33 TABLE XIII.—Production of Lode Mines in British Columbia, 1913-1945. o 8 0 -'' V o / / / \ \ \ o \ / \ o o + o U3 Kl O CM Kl O (0 . ftj a Z o 3* a o o 8 03 g z - o _) _J o / . / I o o * o to to w oO PO L. O 0 2 & w IL o° S in °S 8° j j O T / / / / \ \ / 1 / \ 1 1 1 1 1 —f 11 ! \ \ / / i- '/ / / / \ \ \ 1 1 1 1 / _ \ / / 1 ! : !\1 \l \ LE AC 3 / / \ l \ \ /' 1 t , — / / i / / / / / / \ \ \ i 1 i / / 211 ■iC / / \, .-' / / / / / ,~- / 1 / / c OF PE R O a O / / • / O CO o *"£s N -^ <^- ^ _.<- / / ***N \ / ^ co2 m z m g- ii.s o CD c/3 in Z 0 + _l _l 10 z0, — 2 in tx! OlU ■3 i-. u. 0 SI -VI :r J^-' /r\ 1 \ l\ \ 1 \ 10 in Z 0 * j J "'i 1 1 CO Ijj u z D o ■Winn 00/ 01 Ul 0 z 0 400, ( 00 300,C 00 \S '"l -^ GO LD S\ 'o \ 200 c*=Cu (00.000 Kl <t IT) (TJ K CC 01 O 01 Ki K UlCDl^cOCOO-C\J!0^rin<DK.COei c - = W CU IO Kl * 0> ol 0) o» Oi cn C - w n . fl A 34 REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF MINES, 1945. TABLE XIV.—Coal Production per Year to Date.* Tons. (2,240 1b.) 1836-1885 3,029,011 326,636 413,360 489,301 679,830 678,140 1886 1887 1888 1889 1890 1891 1,029.097 1892 826,336 1893 978,294 1894 1,012,963 1895 939,654 1896 896,222 1897 882,854 1898 1,135,865 1899 1,306,324 1900 1.439,595 1901 1,460,331 1902 1,397,394 1903 1,168,194 1904 1,253,628 1905 1.384,312 1906 1,517,303 1907 1,800,067 1908 1,677,849 1909 2,006.476 1910 2,800,046 1911 2,193,062 1912 2,628.804 1913 2,137,483 1914 1,810,967 1915 1,611,129 1916 2,084,093 Value. $9,468,557 979,908 1,240,080 1,467,903 1,739490 2,034,420 3,087,291 2,479,005 2,934,882 3.038,859 2,818.962 2,688,666 2,648,562 3.407,595 3.918,972 4.318.785 4,380,993 4,192,182 3,504,582 3,760,884 4,152,936 4,551,909 6.300,235 5,872,472 7,022,666 9.800.161 7,675.717 9,200,814 7,481,190 6,338,385 5,638,952 7,294,325 Tons. (2,240 1b.) 1917 2,149,975 1918 2,302,245 1919 2,267,541 1920 2,595,125 1921 2,483,995 1922 2,511,843 1923 2,453,223 1924 1,939,526 1926 2,328,522 1926 2,330,036 1927 2,453,827 1928 2,526,702 1929 2,251,252 1930 1,887,130 1931 1,707,590 1932 1,534,975 1933 1,264.746 1934 1,347,090 1935 1,187.968 1936 1,346,471 1937 1,444,687 1938 1,309,428 1939 1,477,872 1940 1,667,827 1941 1,802 353 1942 1,938.158 1943 1,821,654 1944 1,933,639 1945 1,518,673 Totals 100,678,682 Value. $7,524,913 11,511,225 11,337,705 12,975,625 12,419,975 12,559,215 12,266,115 9,697,630 11,642,610 11,650,180 12,269,135 12,633,510 11,256,260 9,435,650 7,684,155 6,523,644 5,375,171 5,725,133 5,048,864 5,722,502 6,139,920 5,565,069 6,280,956 7,088.265 7,660,090 8.237,172 7.742,030 8,217,966 6,454,360 $401,085,295 * For all years to 1925 (inclusive) figures are net coal production and do not include coal made into coke; subsequent figures are entire coal production, including coal made into coke. TABLE XV.—Coke Production from Bee-hive Ovens in British Columbia from 1895 to 1925. Tons. Value. (2,240 1b.) 1895-97 19,396 $96,980 1898 (estimated) 35,000 175,000 1899 34,251 171,255 1900 85,149 425,745 1901 127,081 635,405 1902 128,015 640,075 1903 165,543 827,715 1904 238,428 1,192,140 1905 271,785 1,358,925 1906 199,227 996,135 1907 222,913 1,337,478 1908 247,399 1,484,394 1909 258,703 1,552,218 1910 218,029 1,308,174 1911 66,005 396.030 1912 264.333 1,585,998 Tons. Value. (2,240 1b.) 1913 286,045 $1,716,270 1914 234,577 1,407,462 1915 245,871 1,475,226 1916 267,725 1,606,350 1917..... 159,905 959.430 1918 188,967 1,322,769 1919 91,138 637,986 1920 : 67,792 474,544 1921 59,434 416,038 1922 45,835 320,845 1923 58,919 412,433 1924 30,615 214.305 1925 75,185 526,295 Totals 4,393,265 $25,673,600 STATISTICS. A 35 TABLE XVI.—Coke and By-products Production of British Columbia, 1944 and 1945. 1944. 1945. Description. Quantity. Value. Quantity. Value. 190,074 $1,439,891 206,132 $1,211,684 33,005 42,322 78,955 $301,201 347,245 565,393 12,021 52,766 81,859 $117,369 434,876 577,479 154,282 $1,213,839 2,562,610 56,476 19,046 146,646 $1,129,724 2,721,690 83,828 20,756 $3,851,971 $3,955,998 A 36 REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF MINES, 1945. TABLE XVII.—Dividends paid by Mining Companies, 1897-1945. Lode-gold Mines* Company or Mine. Locality. Amount paid. Arlington Athabasca Bayonne ■ Bralorne Mines, Ltd Belmont-Surf Inlet Cariboo Gold Quartz Mining Co., Ltd Cariboo-McKinney Con. M. & M. Co Canadian Pacific Exploration (Porto Rico). Centre Star Fairview Amalgamated Fern Gold Mining & Milling Co., Ltd Gold Belt Mining Co., Ltd Goodenough (leasers) Hedley Mascot Gold Mines, Ltd Island Mountain Mines, Ltd I.X.L Jewel-Denero Kelowna Exploration, Ltd. (Nickel Plate) Kootenay Belle Gold Mines, Ltd Le Roi Mining Co Le Roi No. 2, Ltd Lome (later Bralorne) Motherlode Mount Zeballos Gold Mines, Ltd Nickel Plate (Hedley Gold Mining Co., Ltd.).. Pioneer Gold Mines of B.C., Ltd Poorman Premier Gold Mining Co., Ltd P-rivateer Mine, Ltd Queen Relief Arlington Mines, Ltd. (Second Relief). Reno Gold Mines, Ltd Sheep Creek Gold Mines, Ltd Silbak Premier Mines, Ltd Spud Valley Gold Mines, Ltd Sunset No. 2 Surf Inlet Consolidated Gold Mines, Ltd War Eagle Ymir Gold Ymir Yankee Girl Miscellaneous mines Total, lode-gold mines Erie Nelson Tye Siding Bridge River Princess Royal Island.. Wells Camp McKinney Nelson Rossland Oliver Nelson Sheep Creek Ymir Hedley Wells Rossland Greenwood Hedley Sheep Creek Rossland Rossland Bridge River Sheep Creek Zeballos Hedley Bridge River Nelson Premier Zeballos Sheep Creek Erie Sheep Creek Sheep Creek Premier Zeballos Rossland Surf Inlet Rossland Ymir Ymir Gold Gold Gold Gold Gold Gold Gold Gold Gold-copper.. Gold Gold Gold Gold Gold Gold Gold Gold Gold Gold Gold-copper.. Gold-copper.. Gold Gold Gold Gold Gold Gold Gold Gold Gold Gold Gold Gold Gold Gold Gold-copper.. Gold Gold-copper.. Gold Gold Gold $94,872 25,000 25,000 14,205,560 1,437,500 1,679,976 565,588 37,500 472,255 5,254 9,375 t868,595 13,731 1,290,553 1,108,495 134,025 11,751 1,560,000 357,856 1,475,000 1,574,640 20,450 163,500 165,000 3,423,191 9.299,393 25,000 18,858,075 1,914,183 85,000 t308,000 tl,433,640 2,587,500 12,350,000 168,000 115,007 120,279 1,245,250 300,000 t415,002 108,623 $69,857,609 * The gold-copper properties of Rossland are included in this table. t Includes " Return of Capital " distributions. t Up to and including 1936, dividends paid by Premier Gold Mining Company, Limited, were derived from operations of the company in British Columbia. Subsequent dividends paid by Premier Gold Mining Company, Limited, have been derived from the operations of subsidiary companies in British Columbia and elsewhere and are not included in the figure given. In 1936, Silbak Premier, a subsidiary of Premier Gold Mining Company, took over the former gold operations of that company in British Columbia. Dividends paid by Silbak Premier are given above. STATISTICS. A 37 TABLE XVII.—Dividends paid by Mining Companies, 1897-1945—Continued. Silver-lead-zinc Mines. Company or Mine. Locality. Class. Amount paid. Rambler $10,000 97,200 48,000 Bell 388,297 New Denver New Denver Trail 25,000 5,500 *134,645,136 Field 5,203 Smithers Ainsworth Cody Silver-lead-zinc 50,000 35,393 45,668 H.B. Mining Co.. ... . Hall Creek 8,904 132,464 Highland Bell, Ltd. 646,415 Similkameen Sandon 6,000 400,000 20,000 20,000 Three Forks Sandon Three Forks Sandon 213,000 50,000 80,000 6,000 Silver-lead-zinc Silver-lead-zinc 10,257 70,500 Three Forks Cody 71,387 45,088 Cody Silver-lead-zinc- Silver-lead-zinc Silver-lead-zinc Silver-lead-zinc Silver-lead-zinc 72,859 497,901 Sandon 6,754 110,429 1,438,000 fl42,328 25,000 467,250 Queen Bess ., Alamo Rambler Cody Silver-lead-zinc Silver-lead-zinc 334,992 125,490 566,000 Silver-lead-zinc Sandon Ainsworth Silverton .'. 1,267,600 10,365 Silver-lead-zinc 2,734,688 88,000 64,000 Wallace Mines, Ltd. (Sally) 135,000 20,000 Silver-lead-zinc 592,515 70,237 $145,904,823 * Earnings of several company mines, and customs smelter at Trail. t Includes $10,504 paid in 1944 but not included in the yearly figure. t These two properties were amalgamated as Silversmith Mines, Limited, in August, 1939. A 38 REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF MINES, 1945. TABLE XVII.—Dividends paid by Mining Companies, 1897-1945—Continued. Copper Mines. Company or Mine. Locality. Class. Amount paid. Britannia M. & S. Co.* Canada Copper Corporation... Cornell Granby Cons. M.S. & P. Co.f.- Marble Bay Hall Mines Miscellaneous mines Total, copper mines.. Britannia Beach.... Greenwood Texada Island Copper Mountain.. Texada Island Nelson Copper $11,511,440 Copper.. Copper.. Copper.. Copper.. Copper.. Copper.. 615,399 8,500 26,643,227 175,000 233,280 261,470 $39,448,325 * Britannia Mining and Smelting Company, Limited, is a subsidiary of the Howe Sound Company, which is the holding company for Britannia and other mines in Mexico and the State of Washington. Dividends paid by the Howe Sound Company, therefore, can not be credited to British Columbia. Dividends in the above table for Britannia have been paid by that company, none being paid subsequent to 1930, until 1939. In making comparison with yearly totals the amounts shown as paid by the Howe Sound Company have been deducted for the years shown, so the total in the annual report concerned will show the higher figure. t The Granby Consolidated Mining, Smelting and Power Company dividends as set out in the above table in the Minister of Mines Annual Report for 1942 were incorrect, and the correct total is as above. The figure now includes all dividends, capital distributions, and interim liquidating payments, the latter being $4,500,000, paid prior to reorganization. Dividends commenced in 1904 and cover all company activities in British Columbia to date, the present operations being conducted at Allenby and Copper Mountain. The term " Miscellaneous " noted in each class of dividend covers all payments of $5,000 and under, together with payments made by companies or individuals requesting that the item be not disclosed. In compiling the foregoing table of dividends paid, the Department wishes to acknowledge the kind assistance given by companies, individuals, and trade journals in giving information on the subject. Coal. Wellington Collieries, Ltd., Nanaimo $16,000,000 Crow's Nest Pass Coal Co., Ltd., Fernie 13,427,080 Total $29,427,080 Miscellaneous, Structural, and Placer Gold. Various $2,897,313 Aggregate of all Classes. Lode-gold mining $69,857,609 Silver-lead-zinc mining and smelting 145,904,823 Copper-mining 39,448,325 Coal-mining 29,427,080 Miscellaneous, structural, and placer gold 2,897,313 TotaL $287,535,150 STATISTICS. A 39 TABLE XVII.—Dividends paid by Mining Companies, 1897-1945—Continued. Dividends paid Yearly, 1917-1945, inclusive. Year. Amount paid. 1917 $3,269,494 1918 2,704,469 1919 2,494,283 1920 1,870,296 1921 736,629 1922 3,174,756 1923 2,983,570 1924 2,977,276 1925 5,853,419 1926 8,011,137 1927 8,816,681 1928 9,572,536 1929 11,263,118 1930 10,543,500 1931 4,650,857 1932 2,786,958 Year. 1933 1934 1935 Amount paid. $2,471,735 4,745,905 7,386,070 1936 10,513,705 1937 15,085,293 1938 12,068,875 1939 11,865,698 1940 14,595,530 1941 16,598,110 1942 13,627,104 1943 11,860,159 1944 11,367,732 1945 10,487,395 Total $224,382,290 Dividends paid during 1944 and 1945. 1944. 1945. Bralorne Mines, Ltd $1,496,400 $1,247,000 Britannia Mining and Smelting Co., Ltd..— 183,932 The Consolidated Mining and Smelting Co. of Canada, Ltd 8,189,604 8,189,653 The Crow's Nest Pass Coal Co., Ltd 186,354 186,354 Gold Belt Mining Co., Ltd..-.: *413,595 Granby Consolidated Mining, Smelting and Power Co., Ltd.....:. T 135,070 74,966 Highland Bell, Ltd 13,159 13,159 Island Mountain Mines, Ltd 52,536 73,550 Kelowna Exploration, Ltd. (Nickel Plate)... 150,000 210,000 Privateer Mine, Ltd 49,082 Providence +10,504 Belief Arlington Mines, Ltd *18,000 Sheep Creek Gold Mines, Ltd 225,000 225,000 Silbak Premier Mines, Ltd 125,000 $100,000 Others 148,000 139,209 Totals $11,367,732 $10,487,395 * Distribution of capital. f Omitted from 1944. t Includes $50,000 omitted from 1944. A 40 REPORT OP THE MINISTER OF MINES, 1945. TABLE XVIII, -Salaries and Wages, Fuel and Electricity, and Process Supplies, 1945. Class. Salaries and Wages. Fuel and Electricity. Process Supplies. Lode-mining $15,295,945 121,314 4,892,350 1,315,095 990,205 $0,257,139 7,838 209,099 447,870 317.774 $3,113,273 8,350 Coal-mining : Miscellaneous metals, minerals, and materials 817,282 1.750.870 00.847 Totals, 1945 522,620,975 $7,239,726 $5,756,628 Grand totals, 1944 Grand totals, 1943 $23,131,874 20,051,407 20,913,100 20,050,491 23,391,330 22,357,035 22,705,711 21,349,090 17,887,619 16,753,307 249,272,719 $5,788,071 7,432,585 7,000,109 3,770,747 3,474.721 "3,260,000 3,390,100 3.000,311 2,724,144 2.019,639 •49.850,759 $0,138,084 0,572.317 Grand totals, 1942 Grand totals, 1941 0,803,398 7,200,441 Grand totals, 1940 6,902,162 Grand totals, 1939 6,714.347 Grand totals, 1938 6,544,500 Grand totals, 1937 Grand totals, 1930 6,845,330 4.434,501 Grand totals, 1935 4,552,730 Grand totals, 1935-45 08,044.438 * Estimated. Note.—The above figures, compiled from returns on the subject made by companies and individuals, illustrate the amount of money distributed in salaries and wages, fuel and electricity, and process supplies (explosives, chemicals, drill-steel, lubricants, etc.). STATISTICS. A 41 TABLE XIX.- -Tonnage, Number of Mines, Net and Gross Value of Lode Minerals, 1901-1945. Year. Tonnage.* No. of Shipping- mines. No. of Mines shipping over 100 Tons. Gross Value of Lode Minerals as reported by Shipper, t Net Value to Shipper of Lode Minerals. produced.! Gross Value of Lode Minerals produced. § 1901 920.410 998,999 1,280,170 1.401,009 1,700,079 1,903,872 1.804,114 2.083,606 2.057,713 2,210,428 1,770,755 2.088,532 2,003.809 2.175,971 2.090,110 3,188,805 2.701,579 2,892,849 2.112,975 2.178,187 1,502.045 1,573,180 2.421.839 3.397.105 3.849,269 4.775.073 5.410,021 0,241,310 0.977.081 0.803,840 5,549.103 4.340.158 4.030.978 5,110.897 4.910.148 4.381,027 0,145.144 7.377,021 7.211,223 7.037.358 7.938,803 0.708,277 5,429.557 4.703,332 4,377,722 119 124 125 142 140 154 147 108 89 83 SO 80 110 98 132 109 1 03 175 144 121 80 98 77 80 102 138 132 110 100 OS 44 75 109 145 177 108 185 211 217 210 200 120 48 51 36 78 7 5 74 70 79 72 59 50 45 51 58 50 59 81 87 80 74 60 35 33 28 37 40 55 52 49 48 32 22 29 47 09 72 70 113 92 99 92 90 70 32 31 27 $14,100,282 11,581,153 1902 1903 1904. 1905 1900 1907 17,316,847 15 847 411 1908 1909 14,728,731 17,190,838 15 225 061 19,750,498 19 444,365 25 347 092 35 538,247 $38,558,613 27,750,304 29,070,075 34,713,887 21,977,088 10,5 13,931 7,075,393 13,970,358 20,243,278 25,407,914 30,051,207 43,052,521 35,278,033 40,709,385 43,610,846 46,081,802 45,199,604 33,293,917 26,449,408 31,026,149 51,508,031 51 174,859 40,915,395 22,535,573 19,700,235 25 007,137 33 895.930 43,060,452 $48,010,505 40,222,237 45,125,341 49,945,270 52,354,870 50,494,041 37,234,070 29,327,114 34,156,405 62,012,783 53,877,333 53,522,098 02,848,642 62,216,019 1942 55,359,479 46,089,042 39,315,910 49,997,071 : Does not include mercury ore, which in 1944 amounted to 106,427 tons. " Data not collected before 1937. : Previous to 1937 the shipper reported " Net Value at Shipping Point," no indication being given a to how the net value was arrived at. From 1937 on the shipper has reported " Gross Value ' from which deduction of freight and treatment gives " Net Value." t Gross value as represented by valuing lode metals at yearly average prices. A 42 REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF MINES, 1945. TABLE XX.—Men, employed in the Mining Industry of British Columbia, 1901-1945. Year. Lode MINING. n3 > o I a J3 0 1 < Eh Coal-mining. Structural Materials. oi43 IS 1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1900 1907 1908 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941. 1942 1943 1944 1945 299 415 355 341 425 088 874 1,134 1,122 1,291 1,124 1,371 1,303 1,252 1,004 939 489 212 255 209 2,730 2,219 1,662 2,143 2,470 2,680 2,704 2,567 2,184 2,472 | 2,435 | 2,472 | 2,773 | 2,741 | 2,709 | 3,357 | 3,290 | 2,626 | 2,513 j 2,074 | | 1,355 1 | 1,510 | | 2,102 | | 2,353 | | 2,298 | 2,600 | | 2.671 | j 2,707 | | 2,920 | | 2,316 | I 1,463 j | 1,355 | | 1,780 | | 2,796 | | 2,740 | | 2,959 | I 3,003 1 3,849 | 3,905 | | 3,923 | 3,901 | | 2,920 2,394 1,896 1,933 1,212 1,126 1,088 1,163 1,240 1,303 1,239 1,127 1,070 1,237 1,159 1,364 1,505 1,433 1,435 2,030 2,198 1,704 1,740 1,605 9 75 1,239 1,516 1,680 2,840 1,735 1,916 2,409 2,052 1,200 834 900 1,335 1,729 1.497 1,840 1,818 2,206 2,050 2,104 1,823 1,504 1,099 1,825 1,750 3,948 3,345 2,750 3,306 3,710 | 3,983 3,943 3,094 3.254 3,709 3,594 3,837 4,278 4,174 4,144 5,393 5,488 4,390 4.259 3,079 2,330 2,749 3,618 4,033 5,138 4,341 4,587 5,176 4,978 3,570 2.297 2,255 3,121 4,525 4,237 4,799 5,421 0,115 5,955 6.027 5.724 4,424 4,093 3,721 3,683 808 854 911 900 832 581 542 531 031 907 720 1,108 919 990 1,048 1,025 900 891 849 822 ! 2.401 j 2.842 '[ 2.748 I 2.048 | 3.197 I 3.157 | 2,036 I 2.436 | 2.890 | 2.771 I 2.678 I 3.027 1 3,158 3.187 I 2,944 I 3,072 j 3,555 | 2.835 | 2.981 ! 2,834 3.041 3,101 3,137 3,278 3,127 3,415 2,862 4,432 4,713 5,903 | 5,212 | 5,275 | 4,950 | 4,267 | 3.70S 3,694 I 3,760 | 3,658 | 4,145 4,191 | 4,722 | 4,712 I 4,342 j 3,894 I 3,828 3.757 | 3.646 | 3,814 ! 3,075 1 3,389 I 2,957 I 2,628 I 2,241 | 2,050 I 2.145 | 2,015 I 2,286 I 2.088 ! 2,107 I 2,175 I 2 229 | 1,892 | 2,240 | 2,150 [ 1,927 931 910 1,127 1,175 1,280 1,390 907 1,041 1,705 1,855 1,661 1,855 1,721 1,405 1.283 1,366 1,410 1,769 1,821 2,158 2,163 1,932 1,807 1,524 1,015 1,565 1,579 1,520 1,353 1,250 1,125 980 853 843 820 799 807 874 son 099 494 408 011 089 503 3.974 4.011 4,264 4,453 4,407 4,805 3,769 6,073 6,418 7,758 6,873 7,130 6,671 5,732 4,991 5,060 5,170 i 5,247 j 5,966 | 0,349 j 6,885 j 0,644 | 6,149 j 5,418 j 5,443 | 5,322 | 5,225 j 5.334 | 412 493 64 7 5,028 | 4,645 I 4.082 j 3,008 | 3,094 j 2,893 2,971 j 2,814 | 3,153 J 2,902 I 900 2.970 j 052 2,874 I 827 2,723 I 766 2,360 | 842 2,851 | 673 2,839 j 690 2,430 I 921 492 843 460 536 370 377 530 931 724 ] 324 j 138 ] 368 I 544 ] 344 | 520 | 329 i 269 | 187 | 270 j 288 |327 [ 295 311 j 334 | 413 j 378 | 326 | 351 | 335 I j 124 | 122 |120 | 268 | 170 j 380 | 344 | 408 I 360 I 754 825 | 938 I 369 | 561 I 047 | 422 | 262 | 567 | 628 586 I | 7.922 7.350 7,014 | 7.759 | 8.117 8.788 | 7,712 | 9,707 j 9.072 j 11.407 10,467 10,967 10.949 9.906 9,135 j 10,453 j 10.658 | 9.037 ! 10.225 10.028 [ 9.215 | 0,393 | 9,767 | 9,451 | 10.581 | 14,172 j 14.830 j 15,424 j 15,565 | 14.032 j 12.171 | 1 0.524 I 11.369 I 12.985 | 13.737 | 14.179 | 10.129 ! 16.021 j 15.890 I 15.705 j 15.084 j 13,270 | 12.448 ] 12,314 I 11,820* * The average number of wage-earners was obtained by adding the monthly figures for individual companies and dividing by 12 irrespective of the number of months worked, the average number of wage-earners in the industry is the sum of these individual averages. STATISTICS. A 43 CD > o 41 > 6b so w *i 09 CO ta T3 3? 73 -6 s O "3 O o "3 O 0 03 o o o t-i t-> }-l , o o p ^; 53 N N ea ■d t5 •rf -d" s a rt « « V OJ V h h £ t? 0 V 3 01 > > ■> !3 -• -. ~ ^ ^ ;'* -~ t.' t^ ^r >>>>>>>>>> rQ O U t* U cs B "' " "' oj cj aj cu w vi m w co M m aj cj oj cu "3 ^ T3 ^ >>s>>;s.y.!=:;iin, ^ — [3 _o o _o q o OOOS5i»c5ooOO!j6u600S55ioOOOOQ g E a, 5 as tn a Z o BS 6. —-i -J << E* W X! H PQ o cd o tS !y is cd rf 2 P< fc E-i 60 o S B .2 .° +2 +3 B 03 cd o S £ '£ - cd cd ^ o 60 60 2 '43 « « 3 i5 <i < O |i( O »S * !33 : - oj • bo -d ~3 .S .. ■as, fa< J o Cd" O ■a En j> OJ ■a +j ■j 3 g 3 O *> ' Eoj B -J o:°^ Op.. 0 u ■ 60 ■S 6 > O X! •? £ "2 3 B a '3 2 b O 3 ' O O oS; K :^s SS gj co B B B cd H o s s S.5* ^ .£ 5 o CJ ^ CD 2 ™ S « * ^J .ii a i« •§ i s » !« S ce ^j in : 2 !? ~* o O ^ ^ " "S CD ^ • x o <! en n ° B ^ ° ^_ o o o I'd 5 J a. I 3 g-3« § m • d 2 -O r^ ^ ra B o „ e 5 « b w o >• .2 ° OJ B -^ cd hJ > A m to •h M .9 ■^ o ; co —. to 3 I * B p. " a 1 P J ? .S B a !s 2 a o U ;cd f- B .B 9 B H oj S * S « ,£ b,2 B bn <!-3 B 3 £ T3 "O T3 "O O O O 0 O O O O ^ ^o c c c c « rZ -C ^ a a* 5 w >i >j >i >i l< J) 5) 5 ji O O O rt Sh J-i tn U 02 O O O ^ ^ ? «1 B t E S B B B B B _ojooopbbobbb fi B B c c B B O O | t g —I r-. O 6 O'o'o^^'i'i'i'ij^^i o 0 5 H J J > S s aj "oj 'oj ic ^ ? ^. >, £ b b s = JK Jl t. t. o u o j= 2 h ft t3 S ,3 OJ bO jS B OJ u ■ .. „.„ . .p-5 dj dj cj-.I oj.H.S'E cd S s E^'ESii £ S SS: r ^ r. g ■§•§«« -a 3 *n 'u *n .HfQB £ 2 Ji P. o . bo ^: 't. B 73 cd H co O 1*3 S £ m 5 | << -o m -i d h III: i tj tc E H 0) rj h g S .a ft S rS ^ P. ca _ _ cd u 60 B rg ® cj « « ?' 60 oj B B 60 -g g ° £ *1 O h £ C 3 g h <j I B -S -S J B2 g •a « x 2 g, o K15 A, <JMi? o"-3'^ oaa <cSS1?|5h§ tnto !> sS K o > tSPafiS n A 44 REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF MINES, 1945. TABLE XXII.—Lode Metal Mines employing an Average of Ten or more Men during 1945. Shipping Mines. Name of Mine or Company. Days operating. Tonnage. Average Number EMPLOYED. Silbak Premier Mines, Ltd Cariboo Gold Quartz Mining Co., Ltd Island Mountain Mines Co., Ltd Highland Bell, Ltd Hedley Mascot Gold Mines, Ltd Kelowna Exploration Co., Ltd Copper Mountain (Granby Cons. M.S. & P. Co., Ltd.) Ainsmore Consolidated Mines, Ltd Retallack Mines, Ltd. (Whitewater) Sullivan (Cons. M. & S. Co. of Canada, Ltd.) Base Metals, Ltd. (Monarch and Kicking Horse) Sheep Creek Gold Mines, Ltd Western Exploration Co., Ltd. (Standard, Enterprise, Mam moth) Zincton Mines, Ltd. (Sheep Creek Gold Mines, Ltd.) Bralorne Mines, Ltd Pioneer Gold Mines of B.C., Ltd Britannia Mining and Smelting Co., Ltd 306 365 305 302 293 304 306 209 184 304 305 304 319 365 305 177 308 306 365 305 335 362 304 197 206 288 305 219 131 182 365 177 303 65,801 36,016 22,614 1.164 56,481 99,383 786,026 9,900 29,561 2,435.877 47.777 24,504 17,266 63,322 110,410 10,528 566,500 65,801 34,677 22,614 56,503 99,383 785.629 9,900 29.561 2.435,877 47,777 24,504 17,266 63,322 105,283 9,039 566,500 180 167 70 26 113 119 361 22 32 1,241 57 72 61 44 328 123 360 16 14 10 37 64 157 4 6 308 11 7 17 13 17 6 Non-shipping Mines. Gold Belt Mining Co., Ltd Kenville Gold Mines, Ltd. (Granite-Poorman) Privateer Mine, Ltd 16 21 17 DEPARTMENTAL WORK. ADMINISTRATIVE BRANCH. The administrative branch is responsible for the administration of the Provincial mining laws regarding the acquisition of mineral rights, and deals with other Departments of the Provincial Service for the Department or for any Branch. Gold Commissioners, Mining Recorders, and Sub-mining Recorders, whose duties are laid down in the " Mineral Act" and the " Placer-mining Act," administer these Acts, the "Allied Forces Exemption Act," the " Free Miners' Exemption Act," and other Acts relating to mining. Mining Recorders, in addition to their own functions, may also exercise the powers conferred upon Gold Commissioners with regard to mineral claims within the mining division for which they have been appointed. Similar duties may be performed by Mining Recorders with regard to placer claims but not in respect to placer-mining leases. Recording of location and of work upon mineral claims, placer claims, and placer-mining leases as required by the various Acts must be made at the office of the Mining Recorder for the proper mining division. Information concerning claims and leases which are held and concerning the ownership and standing of claims and leases in any division may be obtained from the Mining Recorder for the mining division in which the property is situated and from the Central Records offices. Sub-mining Recorders, who act as forwarding agents, are appointed at various places throughout the Province. They are authorized to accept documents and fees and forward them to the office of the Mining Recorder for the correct mining division. Officials and their offices in various parts of the Province are listed in the table on pages 47 and 48. Copies of the various Acts, upon payment of the prices listed on page 194. can be obtained from the office of the Chief Gold Commissioner, the King's Printer, Victoria, the Central Records office in Vancouver, or from the offices of the Gold Commissioners throughout the Province. New Type Forms B and E (Mineral Act) ; Certificate of Work (Placer-mining Act). Use of the counterfoil type of Forms B and E (" Mineral Act") and the Certificate of Work form (" Placer-mining Act ") was discontinued during 1945 and a carboncopy type of book substituted. Central Records Offices (Victoria and Vancouver). A Central Records office, 305 Federal Building, Vancouver, was established in 1942. The office provides information as to the ownership of claims staked, placer- mining leases issued, certificates of work and bills of sale recorded, and leases of reverted Crown-granted mineral claims. The approximate positions of mineral claims and placer-mining leases are shown on a series of reference maps from information supplied by the locators. The information outlined, so far as possible, is brought up to date on receipt of semi-monthly returns from all Mining Recorders. The maps and records may be inspected by any one who calls at the office in business hours. Provision has been made to establish at Victoria the same services as now provided in Vancouver, and it is anticipated that by August 1st, 1946, complete records will be available at the General Office, Department of Mines, Victoria, B.C. Returns from Gold Commissioners and Mining Recorders will be forwarded semi-monthly to the 45 A 46 REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF MINES, 1945. Victoria office, and copies of the cards will be forwarded to Vancouver from Victoria. The Vancouver office will continue to provide the same services as in the past. Amalgamation of Mining Divisions. (Particulars of Mining Divisions amalgamated since 1939.) Date. Mining Divisions amalgamated. New Name. Mining Recorder's Office. July 2, 1939 Sept. 18, 1939 Bella Coola and Skeena Nov. 20, 1939 Aug. 1, 1940 Grand Forks and Greenwood Oct. 15, 1942 Slocan Golden Oct. 15, 1942 Golden and Windermere Nanaimo and Quatsino Golden. Nov. 30, 1942 Dec. 1 1942 Alberni Gold Purchasing. Late in 1935 the Department of Finance, co-operating with the Department of Mines, undertook to purchase small lots of placer gold under 2 oz. in weight from the individual placer-miner. The Gold Commissioners throughout the Province are paying a cash price of $29 per ounce for clean placer gold and are purchasing dirty placer gold and amalgam on a deferred-payment basis. Purchases made under this arrangement are as follows:— Year. No. of Lots. Paid. Paid per Oz. 1936 1,470 1,657 2,397 2,322 1,336 631 229 93 59 63 $50,000 52,250 72,000 60,000 31,600 16,825 8,068 2,705 1,196 1,604 $28.00 1937 28.00 1938 28.00 1939 29.00 1940 29.00 1941 29.00 1942 29.00 1943 29.00 1944 29.00 1945 29 00 Totals 10,257 $296,248 This purchasing scheme was established during the depression years to give the individual miner the best possible price for his gold, and this was realized in that the total price paid has been almost exactly the same as the receipts from the Royal Canadian Mint. DEPARTMENTAL WORK. A 47 List of Gold Commissioners, Mining Recorders, and Sub-mining Recorders in the Province. Mining Division. Location of Office. Gold Commissioner. Mining Recorder. Su b- recorder. • Kaslo C. MacDonald W. M. H. Dunn A. Robb. J. H. Byrne Tofino Mrs. E. M. Burchett. Nanaimo Ashcroft D. Dalgleish (Kamloops) W. F. Knowlton Atlin G. H. Hallett G. H. Hallett A. E. Roddis. Squaw Creek J. W. Stewart. M. S. Morrell. Barkerville W. E. McLean Mrs. T. B. McLean. S. Allen. Prince George .... J. E. Mclntyre. Clinton Clinton • C. G. Sutherland C. G. Sutherland E. L. Hedley E. L. Hedley F. E. P. Hughes. Golden Golden A. W. Anderson A. W. Anderson Greenwood L. A. Dodd L. A. Dodd W. H. Laird. Kamloops D. Dalgleish D. Dalgleish G. M. Fennell. H. Finley. T. G. O'Neill. W. G. Fleming (Revelstoke) G. H. Beley C. A. McEIroy G. H. Beley W. H. Cochrane W. H. Cochrane Stuart Island J B Willcock Henry Carter. H. J. Bull. J. H Byrne and H. R. Burdon. S. Hamilton thorpe. B J H. Ry'ey. A. B. Gray D. Dalgleish (Kamloops) K. D. McRae K. D. McRae Bella Coola E. Bradley. A 48 REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF MINES, 1945. List of Gold Commissioners, Mining Recorders, and Sub-mining Recorders in the Province—Continued. Mining Division. Location of Office. Gold Commissioner. Mining Recorder. Sub-recorder. Omineca (Continued) Manson Creek W. B. Steele. T. J. Thorp. Kimsquit via Ocean Falls H. 0. Callahan. T. C. Brunton. LePoidevin. W. A. A. West. Usk W. E. Horwill. W. R. Dewdney W. R. Dewdney W. H. Laird. Pouce Coupe Fort St. John M. S. Morrell S. M. Carling (Oeputy) H. 0. Callahan. Prince George G. Milburn. G. Forbes (at Prince Rupert) Williams Lake Miss J. Foster (Deputy) Miss J. Foster (Deputy) S. Allen L. R. Speed. W. E. McLean A. B. Campbell. W. Rae. Revelstoke W. G. Fleming W. G. Fleming A. J. Dillabough. Prince Rupert G. Forbes G. Forbes. Kimsquit via Ocean Falls G. H. Hill Bella Coola E. Bradley. C. MacDonald (Kaslo) W E Graham A. E. Roddis A. E. Roddis Sub-office Burns Lake Fort St. John Lower Post , M. S. Morrell Trail Creek E. B. Offin E. B. Offin Miss J. Burnett (Deputy) J. Egdell E. F. Little E. F. Little K. B. Biakey R. H. McCrimmon (Deputy) Miss L. Davey. \ ; DEPARTMENTAL WORK. 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The Department has its principal laboratory at Victoria, and also a sampling plant and an assay office at Prince Rupert. The Victoria laboratory has on its permanent staff six analysts and technicians as well as the Chief Analyst and Assayer. The assayer at Prince Rupert is also in charge of the sampling plant there. During 1945 the chemical laboratory in Victoria issued reports on 1,774 samples and specimens. A laboratory examination of a sample generally consists of the following: (1) A mineralogical determination of visible minerals and a classification of the type of rock; (2) a spectrographic analysis to determine if any base metals are present in interesting percentages; (3) assays for precious metals, and for base metals shown by the spectrographic analysis to be present in interesting percentages. The laboratory reports were distributed in the following manner amongst bona-fide prospectors, bona-fide prospectors who were grantees under the " Prospectors' Grub-stake Act," departmental engineers, and the Provincial Government Sampling Plant at Prince Rupert:— Samples and Specimens. Mineralogical Determinations. Spectrographic Analyses. Assays. 771 448 532 23 629 439 19 6 624 428 302 23 Bona-fide prospectors (grantees) Departmental engineers 907 818 Totals 1,774 1,093 1,377 2,921 Serially numbered sample or specimen tags stapled together in booklets of ten continued to be supplied free of charge to bona-fide prospectors during 1945. About 75 per cent, of those who submitted samples used these tags, and their availability was drawn to the attention of those who did not. In addition, shipping-tags and sample- sacks were loaned free of charge to those prospectors who requested them for use when submitting samples or specimens to this laboratory. Proximate analyses and heat value determinations were made on sixty-nine coal samples. Of these, fifty-eight were for the Department of Mines and eleven were for the Department of Public Works. For the Attorney-General's Department, forty cases of a chemico-legal nature were undertaken, involving in all a study of 289 exhibits. The analyses and examinations were of a very diversified nature. Quantitative spectrographic analyses played a very important part in the investigations. Seventeen analyses of soils and other raw materials for the Department of Agriculture and one analysis of water submitted by the Provincial Board of Health completed the analytical work of the laboratory for 1945. Sixty-three lots of placer gold amounting to 55.3 oz., representing purchases from individual placer-miners, were received from Gold Commissioners. A Provincial Government examination for certificates of competency and licence to practise assaying in British Columbia was held in Victoria in December. Of the two candidates who sat for the examination, one was granted a supplemental examination in wet assaying but the other failed. One application for a licence to practise assaying under subsection (2) of section 11 of the " Department of Mines Act" was received and was granted. Prince Rupert Sampling Plant.* In 1937 the Department established a sampling plant at Prince Rupert. Small shipments of ore are accepted at the plant, and payment is made for tonnage lots and * Letters, tonnage lots, or samples should be addressed to: The Manager, Department of Mines Assay Office and Sampling Plant, Prince Rupert, B.C. DEPARTMENTAL WORK. A 51 bulk test lots after they have been sampled and the samples have been assayed. Lots of any one class of ore are accumulated until the quantity is sufficient to warrant shipment to a smelter. Samples for assay are also accepted at the plant. An assay office in conjunction with the sampling plant was opened in 1943. The numbers of tonnage lots and of bulk test lots received annually at the Prince Rupert sampling plant declined following the outbreak of the war. The number, weight, and value of tonnage lots received in 1945 increased materially compared with 1944. High-grade gold ore from Tide Lake Gold Mines in the Stewart area made up a large part of the total value of ore received in 1945. In 1945 fifty-four samples were received for assay. This is less than the number received in 1944 but greater than for any year preceding 1944. Since September all samples assayed in the Prince Rupert assay office are forwarded to Victoria for spectrographic analysis to detect the rarer metals if present. Prospectors' identification cards were issued to twelve prospectors during 1945. The principal statistics for the sampling plant and assay office are set out in the following tables:— Summary of Ore Purchases and Sales for Fiscal Years 1937-38 to 1945-46, inclusive* Ore Purchases. Ore Sales Fiscal Year. Freight Charges. Paid to Shipper. Total Cost of Ore. receivable from Smelters. 1937 38 $14.25 519.05 767.85 239.11 185.18 134.99 7.09 22.48 92.12 $609.79 8,038.07 13,602.09 11,860.11 12,173.06 1,705.04 289.45 1,677.99 12,097.01 $624.04 8,557.12 14,369.94 12,099.22 12,358.24 1,840.03 296.54 1,700.47 12,189.13 $318.15 1938 39 8,281.70 1939-40 10,724.35 1940 41 14,565.66 1941 42 11,943.21 1942 43 3,964 53 1943 44 252 21 1944-45 7.90 1945-46 14,430 46 $1,982.12 $62,052.61 $64,034.73 $64,500.43 $82.98 $12,938.90 $13,021.88 $14,430.46 Add estimated value of ore on hand December 31st, 1945 Total Subtract estimated value of ore on hand January 1st, 1945 1,381.64 Total $13,061.08 * Ore purchases and sales have been under the " Department of Mines Act " from the beginning of the fiscal year 1938-39. For the few months of operation in the fiscal year 1937-38, operations were provided for under a special warrant. Summary of Ore Receipts, 1938 to 194-5. Year. Tonnage Lots. No. of Properties. Bulk Test Lots. No. of Properties. Assay Lots. No. of Properties. Weights of Shipments. Tons. 1938 24 12 90 35 47 24 104.261 1939 1940 1941 43 40 25 20 16 14 101 117 81 40 32 36 27 27 21 13 16 10 217.672 171.345 1942 1943 1944 1945 3 1 2 12 2 1 1 6 37 2 4 2 13 2 3 2 16 17 70 54 12 12 19 30 30.615 1.666 3.496 22.096 A 52 REPORT OP THE MINISTER OF MINES, 1945. Sampling Plant Payments, 1945. Lot No. Date. Shipper. Property. Freight, etc. Pavments to Shippers. Total Cost of Ore purchased. 770 Phillips, Julia K. Tide Lake Gold B.C. Gold $841.89 $841 89 771 Mar. 27 Apr. 18 Cameron, Art Cameron, Art Erickson, Axel Phillips, A. A Cameron, Art Phillips, A. A Phillips, A. A Phillips, A. A Christie, Neil Nightingale, Henry.... Phillips, A. A Merryth, Frank Nicholson Creek Mining Corp Totals $20.40 20.03 5.50 5.30 17.00 7.50 31.09 51.49 772 B.C. Gold 123.90 143 93 773 Gold Bar group Tide Lake Gold Mountain Boy Tide Lake Gold 79.06 84.56 774 775 July 17 July 18 . . 1,490.43 1,495.73 273.40 290.40 776 Aug. 14 Aug. 14 Aug. 14 Sept. 18 Oct. 12 Oct. 12 Oct. 11 Oct. 31 2,340.68 2.348.18 777 Tide Lake Gold Tide Lake Gold Christie Nightingale Tide Lake Gold 6,738.47 6,738.47 778 85.97 85.97 779 5.07 5 07 780 T . . . 0.37 0.37 781 782-T 5.00 0.75 1.50 910.68 915.68 7.13 7.88 786 Nicholson Creek 10.76 12.26 $82.98 SI 2.938.90 SI 3 021.88 Ore received at Sampling Plant, 1945. TONNAGE LOTS. Lot No. Property. Shipper. Locality. Dry Tons. Au. Ag. 770 Tide Lake Gold.. B.C. Gold B.C. Gold Gold Bar group.. Tide Lake Gold.. Mountain Boy.... Tide Lake Gold... Tide Lake Gold... Tide Lake Gold.. Phillips, Julia K. 0.C2550 3.43600 4.30800 2.88550 0.04875 3.49850 1.12600 2.70850 1.83500 0.40850 1.07300 0.51700 Oz. per Ton. 894.270 0.720 1.220 1.140 1,092.435 0.066 55.024 66.094 1.522 0.650 29.580 0.400 Oz. per Ton. 1,225.60 0.80 0.40 1.66 1,466.89 196.98 155.35 140.57 19.13 Nil 134.06 11.60 Per Cent. Nil Nil Nil 0.50 0.14 0.09 Nil 8.38 Per Cent. 1.66 2.54 6.40 11.88 Per Cent. 3.42 16.60 22.18 11.93 Per Cent. 771 Stewart Stewart Kallum Lake... Stewart 772 773 774 Erickson, Axel Phillips, A. A Cameron, A Phillips, A. A Phillips, A. A Phillips, A. A Christie, Neil Phillips, A. A Nicholson Creek Mining Corp. Stewart Stewart Stewart Manson Creek 777 778 779 781 Tide Lake Gold... Nicholson Creek Total 786 Usk 21.87025 TEST LOTS. 780-T 782-T. Nightingale Merryth Total Nightingale, Henry Merryth, Frank... Revelstoke Carcross 0.02570 0.20000 I 1 0.080 0.880 1 35.80 44.80 28.56 4.08 6.00 0.22570 | 1 Total weight of ore received 1 i 22.09595 1 1 1 The sales to the smelter on account of ore purchased at the sampling plant in 1945 yielded some $200 less than the cost of the ore to the sampling plant. This difference is traceable to four shipments of exceptionally high-grade gold ore. The four shipments were from Tide Lake, one lot having been shipped to the sampling plant by ■Julia K. Phillips, and the other three by A. A. Phillips. DEPARTMENTAL WORK. A 53 INSPECTION BRANCH. In addition to statistics and other information on coal-mining, the section headed " Coal-mining," page 136, contains information about the staff of the Inspection Branch and their activities. Some further information concerning the activities of Inspectors will be found under the subheading " Inspection of Metalliferous Mines " in the section headed "Metal-mining (Lode)." Substantial parts of the information on properties in that section and in the sections headed " Placer-mining " and " Non- metallics " were contributed by officers of the Inspection Branch. MINERALOGICAL BRANCH. The activities of the Mineralogical Branch include collecting geological and mineralogical data in the field, compiling and editing the annual report, and dispensing information for the benefit of the mining industry. Field-work is devoted principally to geological mapping and the examination of mineral deposits, the results of which are published partly in the annual report and partly in a series of bulletins. In 1945 Part III. of Bulletin 20, " Lode-gold Deposits in Central Southern British Columbia," was published, and Bulletin 21, " Notes on Placer-mining," was prepared for publication. A paper entitled " Geology of the Twin ' J ' Mine," based on field- work at Mount Sicker, was presented by John S. Stevenson in November, 1944, and was published in the Transactions of the Canadian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, Volume XLVIIL, 1945, pages 294-308. A paper covering part of his study of limestone deposits in South-western British Columbia was presented by W. H. Mathews at the Vancouver meeting of the Canadian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy in October, 1945. Other activities of the branch are referred to in the following notes on the field-work of the several engineers:— J. M. Cummings continued to be on loan to the British Columbia Industrial and Scientific Research Council where he is acting-head of the Division of Mining and Metallurgy. M. S. Hedley completed the detailed mapping of some silver-lead-zinc deposits in the Slocan area and made examinations in the Nelson-Sheep Creek district. Assisted by W. J. Lynott, he did some preliminary detailed mapping in the area lying south of the Kootenay River between Cottonwood and Fortynine Creeks. Later a preliminary study was made of the Merritt coal-basin. S. S. Holland began detailed mapping on Lightning Creek in the Cariboo District and made detailed examinations of some properties in the same district. He also examined prospects in the Whitesail Lake area. W. J. Lynott joined the staff of the Mineralogical Branch in July on obtaining his discharge from the Royal Canadian Air Force. In addition to assisting Mr. Hedley as outlined above, he made some independent examinations of properties. J. T. Mandy undertook a reconnaissance trip from Kitwanga, on the Canadian National railway, via Kitwanga Lake and Cranberry River to the Nass River. W. H. Mathews continued studies of limestone deposits in South-western British Columbia and spent part of the season studying coal deposits in the Peace River area. B. T. O'Grady was occupied principally in Victoria organizing and directing the grub-stake programme, dealing with applications for assistance in building and repairing mining roads and trails, and assisting the Superintendent of Brokers in administering the " Securities Act." D. H. Rae, N. G. Freshwater, and J. H. Parliament assisted Mr. O'Grady on the grub-stake programme by visiting prospectors in the field. J. S. Stevenson completed a programme of detailed mapping in the Zeballos Camp. Compilation of both underground and surface geology is in course of preparation. During the season visits were paid to Bridge River and Texada Island properties. A 54 REPORT OF THE MINISTER OP MINES, 1945. K. DeP. Watson began geological mapping in the territory adjacent to the Haines Cut-off Road, in North-western British Columbia. The work included examination of prospects in the Rainy Hollow section. During the season a visit was paid to placer operations on Spruce and Pine Creeks near Atlin. Museums. The Department has a large exhibit of ores and minerals in the museum on Superior Street, Victoria; smaller collections are displayed in the joint office, 305 Federal Building, Vancouver, and in the offices of the Inspectors of Mines in Nelson and Prince Rupert. Information regarding collections of specimens of rocks and minerals available to prospectors and schools in British Columbia will be found on page 179. Grub-staking Prospectors. The " War-time Prospectors' Grub-stake Act," passed at the 1943 session of the Legislature, authorized the provision of grub-stakes as a means of assisting prospectors in the search for strategic minerals required in the prosecution of the war. Amendments made to the 1943 Act by the Legislature in March, 1944, included striking out the term " war-time " and the definition of " war minerals." Grub-stakes were limited under the 1943 Act to $300 per man; the amended Act provided for an additional allowance of up to $200 per man for travelling expenses if required. For the 1943 season (fiscal year 1943-44) $25,000 was appropriated by the Legislature, and for each of the 1944 and 1945 seasons appropriations of $50,000 were made. Expenditures for the three seasons have been approximately: 1943, $18,500; 1944, $27,215; 1945,-$27,310. In 1943 ninety prospectors were granted grub-stakes. Search for deposits of strategic minerals was stressed. The prospectors were urged also to be on the lookout for deposits of ores of precious or base metals. Discoveries of scheelite and other strategic minerals were made, but by the end of the season it was apparent that the war demand for such minerals would be met from properties already in production or fully developed. Two gold prospects located in 1943 are of interest. The Good Hope, at Hedley, located by W. R. Wheeler, has been under development by Hedley Mascot Gold Mines, Limited, and in 1945 ore was trucked from this property to the company's mill for treatment. On the Harrison property in Tweedsmuir Park, a gold-bearing vein has been explored by Pioneer Gold Mines of B.C., Limited, and much interest has been attracted to the area. In 1944, 105 grub-stakes were granted; of these, thirteen were reduced or cancelled. In 1945 eighty-four grub-stakes were granted, of which three were cancelled and seven were reduced. In 1944 and 1945 attention was directed principally to the search for lode-gold deposits. Samples of some promise were received from grubstaked prospectors in several areas. In 1945 gold properties staked by grantees and taken under lease and bond by mining interests include the following: Paymuck group on Marshall Creek, Bridge River Camp, staked by L. J. Russell; D. C. Ault's Truax Mountain prospect, Bridge River Camp, which was relinquished after shallow diamond-drilling but is to be further explored by a syndicate; Warrior group on Carpenter Creek near Pacific, a divisional point on the Canadian National Railway, staked by John (Paddy) Creagh who has also staked the adjacent Gold Dome group on which he found good showings of gold ore. Samples and specimens sent to the Department laboratories in the three years were: 1943, 773; 1944, 606; 1945, 448. The samples and specimens were examined by an engineer, following which most of them were given further study involving one or more of: mineralogical determination, spectrographic analysis, assaying. DEPARTMENTAL WORK. A 55 The prospectors grub-staked have located and recorded the following numbers of claims: 1943, 87; 1944, 135; 1945, 181. The grub-stake programme has been organized and supervised by B. T. O'Grady. In 1945 he was assisted by D. H. Rae, N. G. Freshwater, and J. H. Parliament, who were employed for the summer months to visit the prospectors in the field. JOINT OFFICES OF THE BRITISH COLUMBIA DEPARTMENT OF MINES AND OF THE DEPARTMENT OF MINES AND RESOURCES, CANADA. The Provincial Department's engineer, the Gold Commissioner and Mining Recorder for the Vancouver Mining Division, and the officers of the Dominion Geological Survey now occupy one suite of offices. All official information relating to mining is now available to the public in the one suite of offices at 305 Federal Building, Vancouver. The services offered to the public include technical information on mining, the identification of mineral specimens, distribution of Dominion and Provincial mining publications, a reference library, a display of rocks and minerals, and a central records office. PUBLICATIONS. Annual Reports of the Minister of Mines, bulletins, and other publications of the Department, with prices charged for them, are listed on pages 177 to 179. Publications may be obtained from the offices of the Department in Victoria and elsewhere in the Province. They are also available for reference use in the Department's library (Mineralogical Branch) at Victoria, in the joint office, 305 Federal Building, Vancouver, in the offices of the Inspectors of Mines in Nelson and Prince Rupert, as well as in public libraries listed on pages 180 and 181. A 56 REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF MINES, 1945. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. By an arrangement made at the time the Province of British Columbia entered Confederation, geological investigations and mapping in the Province were to be carried on by the Geological Survey of Canada; this agreement has been fully adhered to by the Dominion of Canada and has proved of great benefit to the mining industry of the Province. Each year several geological parties are kept in the field; and in the many excellent reports and maps covering British Columbia, issued by the Geological Survey of Canada, a vast amount of information has been made available to prospectors and mining engineers. For some years a branch office of the Geological Survey has been maintained in Vancouver, where copies of maps and reports on British Columbia can be obtained. The officer in charge of the British Columbia office is W. E. Cockfield, and the address is 305 Federal Building, Vancouver, B.C. In 1936 a reorganization of several departments in the Federal Government was effected, and the Department of Mines and Resources created. One of the main branches of this Department is that of Mines and Geology, with sub-branches known as the Bureau of Geology and Topography and the Bureau of Mines. The Geological Survey of Canada and the Topographical Survey are now a part of the Bureau of Geology and Topography. During the 1944 season the Bureau of Geology and Topography had the following officers employed on field-work in British Columbia:— Geological Parties. C. S. Lord completed geological mapping in the McConnell Creek area; longitude 126°-127°, latitude 56°-57°. J. E. Armstrong commenced geological mapping in the Aiken Lake area; longitude 125°-126°, latitude 56°-57°. Stan Duffell and K. C. McTaggart commenced geological mapping in the Ashcroft area; longitude 121°-12?°, latitude 50°-51°. H. M. A. Rice commenced further geological mapping in the Shuswap area; longitude 119°-120°, latitude 50°-51°. A. F. Buckham continued a study of the coal-bearing rocks in the Nanaimo and Cumberland areas, Vancouver Island; J. L. Usher collected fossils from the coal-bearing strata. W. E. Cockfield conducted several brief geological investigations in various parts of the Pi'ovince. Topographical Parties. A. C. Tuttle completed the field-work for mapping the Bennett area; longitude 134°-136°, latitude 59°-60°. METAL-MINING (LODE). CONTENTS. Notes on Metal Mines— Atlin— Page- Engineer Mine 61 Taku River— Taku River Gold Mines 61 Portland Canal— Salmon River— Silbak Premier Mines, Ltd 61 Summit Lake— Salmon Gold Mines, Ltd 62 Tide Lake— East 62 Marmot River— Gold Drop Mines, Ltd 62 American Creek— Mountain Boy Mining Co 62 Willoughby Creek— Wilby . 62 Alice Arm— Esperanza Mine 62 Omineca— Usk— Nicholson Creek Mining Corp., Ltd 63 Pacific— Warrior 63 Gold Dome 64 Silver Creek— McKee 64 Whitesail Lake Area— Tahtsa Lake— Riverside 65 Captain 67 Emerald '. 68 Whitesail Lake— Chikamin Mountain— Mentor 68 Dad's Special 69 Rainy and Gold Coin 69 Roosevelt 69 Garner No. 1 and Marie 70 North Side of Whitesail Lake 70 West End of Whitesail Lake— Harrison 71 Lam 72 Old Timer 72 Eutsuk Lake— Surel Lake 72 Red Bird Mountain 73 57 A 58 REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF MINES, 1945. Notes on Metal Mines—Continued. Page. Cariboo— Cariboo Gold Quartz Mining Co., Ltd 73 Island Mountain Mines Co., Ltd 79 Canusa Cariboo Gold Mines, Ltd 80 Barkerville Mining Co., Ltd 82 Wellknown and Unknown 82 Perkins Peak— Bluebell 82 Taseko Lake— Taylor Windfall Gold Mining Co., Ltd 82 Hido 83 Bridge River— Pioneer Gold Mines of B.C., Ltd • 84 Bralorne Mines, Ltd 84 Ranger 85 Grull Wihksne Gold Mines, Ltd 85 Pinebrayle Gold Mines, Ltd 86 Bridge River Consolidated Gold Mines, Ltd 86 B.R.X. Mines, Ltd 87 Paymuck 87 Pacific (Eastern) Gold Mines, Ltd 1 87 Minto Gold Mines, Ltd . 88 Olympic Gold Mines, Ltd 88 Hillstake Mining Co 88 Congress Gold Mines, Ltd 89 Pilot Gold Mines, Ltd 89 Golden Ledge Syndicate 89 New Holland Gold Mines, Ltd 89 Stump Lake— Consolidated Nicola Goldfields, Ltd 90 Nicola Lake— Guichon Mine, Ltd 90 Copper Mountain— Granby Consolidated 90 Hedley— Apex 92 Hedley Monarch Gold Mines, Ltd 92 Hedley Amalgamated Gold Mines, Ltd '. 92 Hedley Mascot Gold Mines, Ltd , 92 Good Hope 93 Nickel Plate Mine 93 Camp McKinney— Cariboo-Amelia 94 Beaverdell— Highland Bell, Ltd 94 METAL-MINING (LODE). A 59 Notes on Metal Mines—Continued. PAGE- Greenwood-Grand Forks— Wellington Camp— Athelstan 95 Jewel Lake— Dentonia Mines, Ltd 95 Central Camp- Number Seven 95 Greenwood— Providence 96 Rossland— Mount Roberts— Midnight 96 I.X.L 96 Red Mountain— Gertrude Gold Mining Co., Ltd 96 Nelson— Eagle Creek— Granite-Poorman 96 Morning Mountain— Irene 99 Hall Creek- Golden Eagle and T.S 99 Fern 99 Ymir— Oxide 99 Ymir Good-Hope Mining Co 100 Erie Creek— Arlington 100 Second Relief 100 South Kootenay Lake— Bayonne Consolidated Mines, Ltd 100 Sheep Creek— Kootenay Belle 101 Sheep Creek Gold Mines, Ltd 101 Gold Belt Mining Co., Ltd 102 Nugget 102 Ainsworth— Ainsmore Consolidated Mines, Ltd 102 Scranton-Pontiac 103 Kaslo-Three Forks— Shutty Bench 103 Kokanee Chief 103 Voyageur * 103 Bell 103 Whitewater 104 Lucky Jim 104 Sandon— Victor 105 Silver Ridge 105 Sunshine 105 Noble Five 105 A 60 REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF MINES, 1945. Notes on Metal Mines—Continued. Page- Silverton-New Denver— L.H 105 Standard, Mammoth, and Enterprise 106 Hewitt ; 107 Bosun 107 Duncan River— Erdahl and Pinchbeck Claims 107 Ferguson— True-Fissure 109 Kimberley— Sullivan 109 Field— Monarch and Kicking Horse 111 Skagit River— Invermay Annex 111 Ruskin— L.A.P. Mining Co 112 Howe Sound— Britannia Mining and Smelting Co., Ltd 112 Texada Island— Gem 113 Red Hawk Gold Mines, Ltd 113 Copper 113 Surprise Gold Mines, Ltd 113 Little Billie . 114 Marble Bay Mining Co 114 Loyal 114 Port Alberni 114 Great Central Lake— Sherwood 115 Herbert Arm— Berton Gold Mines, Ltd 115 Zeballos— Privateer Mine, Ltd 116 Inspection of Metal Mines— Production 117 Fatal Accidents 117 Dangerous Occurrences 118 Explosives used in Mines 120 Prosecutions 120 Air-sampling 120 Dust and Ventilation 120 Safety and First-aid Work 121 PLATE I. A. Ranger group adit, Mount Truax, Bridge River. B. Looking north-eastward down Tahtsa Lake from Tahtsa Peak at the west end. PLATE II. ^.j. »j* **. A. View of Cariboo Gold Quartz mine from Island Mountain, showing the camp to the left of the 1500-level dump and the power-house and mill to the right; the 1200-level dump is at the upper right; Lowhee Creek is in the left background; and tailings from the Lowhee hydraulic are in the foreground. f.Jr*"*' .t ■y**" B. Sheep Creek Valley with Gold Belt mill in centre distance and Kootenay Belle mill in foreground. METAL-MINING (LODE). A 61 NOTES ON METAL MINES. The following section includes short notes on mines and prospects and more detailed reports on some properties and areas. In the main the material in the short notes was supplied by Inspectors of Mines and the more detailed notes are the work of Engineers of the Department's Mineralogical Branch, but several embody the contributions of an Inspector and an Engineer. Authorship is indicated by foot-notes. Information regarding development and production has been obtained from the Bureau of Economics and Statistics through the courtesy of the property-owners. Information has also been obtained from the office of the Registrar of Companies. The notes are arranged in a geographical order under headings which are place- names suggesting the area in which the properties are found. As a further aid in placing the properties, the approximate geographic positions are indicated by numbers and letters in parentheses following the name of each property. The numbers refer to the latitude and longitude of the south-eastern corner of the 1-degree quadrilateral, and the letters refer to the quarter of the quadrilateral in which the property is situated. „ ,, ATLIN.* Gold. (59° 134° S.E.) Neil Forbes, T. J. Kirkwood, and Walter Sweet have Engineer Mine, acquired and are working the Engineer mine. In the winter of 1944-45 the three men sank a shaft for 30 feet and drove a drift for 50 feet along a vein. All work was done by hand and no other men were employed. They report having struck some high-grade ore in the drift. _ ,, TAKU RIVER.* Gold. (58° 133° N.W.) Frank H. MacPherson, General Manager. The mine Taku River Gold is on the Tulsequah River, about 5 miles from its junction with the Mines. Taku River. It has been idle since March 31st, 1942. During the summer of 1945 a small crew of men was employed reconditioning the camp and airfield and working on roads and bridges preparatory to commencing operations early in 1946. Leta Explorations, Limited, employed four men for about a month prospecting on the Stibnite group, on the South Fork of the Taku River. PORTLAND CANAL.* _ ,, Salmon River. Gold. (56° 130° S.E.) D. L. Coulter, General Manager; J. G. Pearcey, Siibak Premier Superintendent. Capital: 3,000,000 shares, $1 par; issued, 2,500,000. Mines, Ltd. The property is in the Salmon River Valley, about 14 miles from Stewart. Because of the severe labour shortage, little development was done during 1945. Mining was confined to the area between the No. 4 and No. 6 levels, adjacent to the Premier Border property, now controlled by Silbak Premier. A monthly inspection was made by a committee appointed by the local union. Several recommendations on minor matters were made by the committee and were attended to by the Company. The mine was worked 306 days; ore produced amounted to 65,801 tons; development-work included 168 feet of crosscutting, 410 feet of drifting, and 1,009 feet of raising. The average number of men employed was 196. * By Charles Graham. A 62 REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF MINES, 1945. _ ,, Summit Lake. Gold. (56° 130° S.E.) The property is on the west side of Summit Lake, Salmon Gold about 27 miles from Stewart. It was formerly under option to Con- Mines, Ltd. solidated Mining and Smelting Company of Canada, Limited, who did (N.P.L.). some diamond-drilling, drove a .crosscut to intersect a vein, and did some drifting on the vein. The company dropped its option in July, 1939. In 1945 the Salmon Gold Mines, Limited, was reorganized and 3,724 feet of diamond-drilling was done on the property. The average number of men employed was five. Most of the equipment for drilling and the supplies were flown in from Stewart. Because of difficulties in transportation, work has been suspended for the winter. _ ,, Tide Lake. Gold. East.— (56° 130° S.E.) A. Phillips and partners continued prospecting on a group of claims about 5 miles north of the Salmon Gold group. Some high-grade ore was shipped to the sampling plant at Prince Rupert. Prospecting by individuals was done on claims adjoining the Salmon Gold property. _, , Marmot River. Gold. (55° 129° N.W.) J. 0. Le Francois, Manager. The property is on Gold Drop Mines, the Marmot River, about 2x/2 miles from tidewater, at an elevation of Ltd. about 1,000 feet. About 2 miles of truck-road and 1 mile of tractor- road have been constructed to the property. A small tractor is used for transportation. A 5- by 7-foot adit was started in September and had been driven 300 feet near the end of 1945. A Sullivan air-compressor, with a capacity of 150 cubic feet per minute, driven by a Buda gasoline-engine provides air for drilling. Near the end of 1945, a fan and pipe-line were being installed for ventilation. The average number of men employed was two. American Creek. Silver. Mountain Boy Mining Co.— (56° 129° S.W.) J. O. Le Francois, Manager. On this property, an additional 69 feet of drifting and crosscutting was done during 1945. Gold. WlLLOUGHBY CREEK. (56° 129° S.E.) This group of claims, under option to the St. Eugene Wilby. Mining Corporation, is about 12 miles from Meziadin Lake. W7il- loughby Creek is a tributary of the Nelson River, which flows into the White River, which in turn flows into the Nass River. Some change was made in the location of the trail over Bear River Pass. A trail was started from the south-east end of Meziadin Lake and is almost completed to Nelson River. No work was done at the property. Gold. ALICE Arm- Esperanza Mine.— (55° 129° S.E.) Under the supervision of A. G. Langley, some diamond-drilling is being done with an X-ray drill. Three men will be employed for most of the winter. METAL-MINING (LODE). A 63 OMINECA. Gold. USK.* Nicholson Creek Mining Corp (54° 128° N.E.) Bulkley Shannon, Manager. Capital: 5,000,000 shares, 1 cent par; issued, 2,660,452. The property is on Nicholson Ltd. Creek, about 2 miles east of Usk. For some years little had been done on the property, but in 1945 four men were employed almost continuously. About 3% miles of trail was built up to the MacShannon group, which is at approximately 1,700 feet elevation, about 1,400 feet above the railroad. During the winter a 6- by 6%-foot adit was driven by hand, and during the summer cleaning out of old cuts and open-cutting were done. Approximately 1 ton of sorted ore was shipped to the sampling plant at Prince Rupert. A good cabin to accommodate four men, a blacksmith shop, and an explosives magazine were built at the MacShannon group. The road to the Phoenix claims, where tunnelling had been done in previous years, was repaired to enable a compressor to be brought down for use in drifting on the Mac- Shannon group. _ ,. .. Pacific.t Gold-silver. The Warrior and Gold Dome Groups, located by John Creagh, holder of a grubstake under the " War-time Prospectors' Grub-stake Act," are near the headwaters of a creek locally known as Carpenter Creek, which enters the Skeena River from the north at a point about 4 miles down the valley from Pacific. A lower camp on Carpenter Creek, 1,500 feet higher than the railway, is reached by a trail 7 miles long. (54° 128° N.W.) Three claims, Warrior Nos. 1, 2, and 3, were Warrior. recorded in 1944, and two claims, Warrior Nos. 4 and 5, were recorded in 1945. The claims are up the south fork of the creek, about 2 miles from the lower camp, and are reached by a steep trail. The altitude ranges from 3,800 feet at the north-eastern end of the property to 5,300 at the south-western end. Most of the ground is steep hillside, flanking a snow-filled basin. Steeply dipping altered sedimentary rocks, cut by a series of granitic dykes, are exposed on both sides of the basin. As the main granitic contact, about a mile to the south-west, is approached, the dykes become wider and more numerous. A quartz vein traceable for at least 500 feet on the very steep side-hill cuts across the sedimentary rocks. The vein strikes north 35 degrees east and dips 50 degrees to the south-east into the hill. Widths up to 30 inches were observed and the average of parts which could be examined is about 2 feet. The narrowest exposure is at the north-eastern end, where the vein is 4 inches wide. Parts of the vein are well mineralized with sulphides, including pyrite, chalcopyrite, galena, and arsenopyrite. No gold is visible, but fine gold can be panned readily in a stream flowing from the northeastern end of a small glacier covering the higher part of the vein outcrop. Details concerning three samples are as follows:— Description. Width. Assays. Gold. Silver. Inches. 6 14 20 1 Oz. per Ton. j Oz. per Ton, 0.01 0.2 5.02 3.56 fl.3fi B.40 * By Charles Graham. t By D. H. Rae. A 64 REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF MINES, 1945. (54° 128° N.W.) The claims Gold Dome Nos. 1, 2, and 3, recorded in Gold Dome. 1945, are about 1% miles in an easterly direction from the Warrior group and are up the north fork of the creek, about 2y2 miles from the lower camp. The lower (south-eastern) end of the group is at an altitude of about 4,000 feet. The claims are in the main mass of the batholith, the centre line of the claims following a steep granite bluff. The several veins exposed are narrow, strike about north 75 degrees west and dip about 45 degrees south-westward into the steep side-hill. It was possible to examine a short section of one vein only. The other veins are seen readily from the other side of the basin. The section examined consisted of quartz fairly well mineralized with galena, pyrite, and chalcopyrite. Details concerning two samples are as follows:— Description. Lowest part of vein exposure (sample 1). 50 feet north-west of sample 1 Width. Assays. Gold. Silver. Inches. Oz. per Ton. j Oz. per Ton. 6 0.03 1.40 14 0.51 60.80 _ ,, Silver Creek.* Gold. McKee Group, Leta Explorations, Ltd.—(55° 125° N.E.) D. F. Kidd, Geologist. This group of claims adjoins the Bralorne Takla mercury property. An adit, which was to be driven 800 feet, was abandoned at 350 feet. The ground required lagging on both the back and sides. Eight men were employed. WHITESAIL LAKE AREA (53° 127° S.E.).f Eutsuk, Whitesail, and Tahtsa Lakes lie on the east side of the Coast Mountains. From the westernmost ends of these three lakes it is possible to reach a stretch of about 50 miles along the eastern contact-zone of the Coast Range batholith. The lakes are part of a water system that is navigable by shallow-draught river-boats. Whitesail and Tahtsa Lakes drain into Ootsa Lake by navigable rivers, and Eutsuk Lake is reached from Portage Bay on Whitesail Lake by a portage-railway 1% miles long. Burns Lake, on the Prince Rupert branch of the Canadian National Railways, is the nearest railroad point. From there a road runs south 42 miles to Ootsa Landing on Ootsa Lake. The road extends along the north side of the lake a further 13 miles to Wistaria. The west end of Ootsa Lake is 24 miles by boat from Ootsa Landing, thence 4 miles to the junction of the Tahtsa and Whitesail Rivers. From there it is about 38 miles by river to Tahtsa Lake and about 20 miles farther to the west end of Tahtsa Lake. From the Whitesail and Tahtsa Rivers' junction it is 13 miles to the east end of Whitesail Lake, thence 13 miles to Portage Bay. Whitesail Lake is 28 miles long. The west end of Eutsuk Lake is 15 miles from the south end of the portage-railway. The area has received attention from prospectors at various times in the past. Sibola Mountain was, in 1914, the scene of a small stampede occasioned by the discovery of a number of small quartz veins. The lead-zinc showings on Sweeney Mountain were staked in 1915, by 1916 the zinc showings at Zinc Bay on Whitesail Lake at the foot of Chikamin Mountain had been found, by 1918 the discovery of silver-lead showings higher up on Chikamin Mountain was made, and by 1927 the silver-lead-zinc showings on Swing Peak were discovered. * By Charles Graham. f By Stuart S. Holland. METAL-MINING (LODE). A 65 The Consolidated Mining and Smelting Company of Canada ceased work on the Emerald property on Sweeney Mountain in 1931. From then on there was very little prospecting in the country until 1944, when interest was renewed by the discovery of gold-bearing quartz veins on the Harrison group at the west end of Whitesail Lake. Prospectors and company scouts visited the area in 1944 and most of the previously known showings were re-examined. Numerous claims were staked but no important new discoveries were made. In 1945 the Consolidated Mining and Smelting Company of Canada had three two-man prospecting parties in various parts of the area, the Freeport Exploration Company had a prospecting party working on the south side of Tahtsa Lake, and about six other prospectors were working in various places. Discoveries of previously unknown showings were made on the south side of Surel Lake at the west end of Eutsuk Lake. Field-work.—About three and one-half weeks in August, 1945, was spent in making trips into Tahtsa, Eutsuk, and Whitesail Lakes and in examining properties of current interest. [References: Eutsuk Lake Area—Geol. Surv., Canada, Sum. Rept., 1925, Pt. A, pp. 144-154. Whitesail-Tahtsa Lakes Area—Geol. Surv., Canada., Sum. Rept., 1924, Pt. A, pp. 47-58. Eutsuk Lake District—Geol. Surv., Canada, Sum. Rept., 1920, Pt. A, pp. 81-93. Tahtsa-Morice Area—Geol. Surv., Canada, Map 367a, 1936. Minister of Mines, B.C., Ann. Rept., 1916, 1917, 1926, 1927, 1944.] Geology.—The eastern contact of the Coast Range batholith as previously mapped extends north-westward from the west end of Pondosy Bay, past the west end of Eutsuk Lake, and between Whitesail and Lindquist Lakes. The contact has also been mapped from the west end of Tahtsa Lake through to a point about 4 miles from the west end of Morice Lake. On the accompanying index map the contact is assumed to run from Little Whitesail to Tahtsa Lake on the basis of prospectors' reports that granitic rocks outcrop near Seel Lake and at the head of Laventie Creek. Coast Range intrusive rocks vary somewhat in composition. In the main they are massive grey quartz diorite and diorite, and pinkish weathering granodiorite and granite. Near the contacts of intrusives the rocks may be foliated. The rocks exposed in roof pendants within the main batholith and in the area extending eastward from the eastern contact of the Coast Range batholith belong to the Hazelton group. They consist of a wide variety of fragmental volcanics, mainly andesitic and rhyolitic in composition and ranging from fine, thinly laminated tuffs to coarse breccias, as well as flow-rocks of various types. Black argillites, limestone, and sandy sediments are intercalated with the volcanics. At places it has been possible to subdivide the Hazelton group into a lower volcanic member, a middle sedimentary member, and an upper volcanic member. Geological work, however, has not been sufficiently detailed to allow the mapping of the three members and, consequently, the regional structure is imperfectly known. Dioritic and aplitic dykes, as well as post-mineral basaltic dykes, cut the Coast Range intrusives and Hazelton group rocks. Mineral deposits have been found in the Coast Range batholith and also in the Hazelton group. The middle sedimentary member of the Hazelton group, possibly because of the greater disparity of its rock types, appears to be a somewhat more favourable host-rock than the thick, massive upper and lower volcanic members. _ ,, Tahtsa Lake. Gold. The Riverside group consists of four claims, located by J. W. McNeill, Riverside. J. Knox, and George Seel, of Ootsa Landing. The claims are on the north side of Tahtsa River and are reached from a camping-ground that is about 1% miles down-stream from the junction of Kasalka (Blue) Creek. A 66 REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF MINES, 1945. t- + + + */+ + + + + + + >, „.r£ , + + + + /+ + + + + + + +! »*o**i!^—4 + + + + A + + +" + + + + -\\\ *^^=r PROPERTY LOCALITIES. 1. Riverside group. 2. Captain group. 3. Emerald group. 4. Chikamin Mtn. groups, 5. Harrison ond Old Timer groups. 6. Surel, Surel Lake, ond Three Bears groups. 7. Old Glory group. Magnetic declination 273 20' East 8. Shirley and Core groups. Index Map of Whitesail Lake Area. Numbers show the locations of various groups described. Areas of Coast Range intrusives and related rocks are shown in pattern. METAL-MINING (LODE). A 67 The showing is a new discovery made on the east face of a rocky knoll, about 200 feet above the level of Tahtsa River and about 500 feet from the river's edge. The main showing consists of mineralization along a fracture striking north 85 degrees east and dipping 80 degrees south. The fracture cuts across massive blocky- fracturing dark greenish-black tufts and breccias. The fracture has acted as a locus of silicification, and of mineralization by arsenopyrite and minor amounts of pyrite, sphalerite, and chalcopyrite. The mineralization extends across a width of from 2 to 5 inches and in one place reaches a maximum width of 14 inches. The owners report their highest sample assayed 0.36 oz. of gold per ton. A picked sample containing 25 per cent, arsenopyrite assayed: Gold, 0.13 oz. per ton; silver, 0.2 oz. per ton. The Freeport Exploration Company, under the direction of Lamont West, did some surface-work on the showing. By means of open-cuts the mineralized fracture was traced for about 100 feet. It was uncovered again across a draw about 250 feet to the east. Four claims, the Tahtsa Nos. 1 and 2 and the Last Chance Nos. 1 and 2, held by G. A. Young and W. T. Keys, of Vancouver, adjoin the Riverside group on •the west. The showings on this group consist of several sheeted-zones, one of which is about 15 feet wide. Massive tuffs and breccias are cut by zones of parallel fractures from % inch to 2 inches apart, striking north 87 degrees east and dipping almost vertically. Some fractures are occupied by narrow quartz veinlets, others are mineralized with almost solid pyrite, and some with arsenopyrite. The pyritic mineralization does not appear to carry gold values. A picked sample from a 1-inch veinlet of arsenopyrite containing 20 per cent, arsenopyrite assayed: Gold, 0.18 oz. per ton. Silver-lead. The Captain group consists of six located claims on the north-eastern Captain. slopes of Swing Peak, covering showings previously held by George Seel and then known as the Swannell group. The claims were located by C. McNeill, of Ootsa Landing, and G. A. Young, of Vancouver. A well-graded trail about 5 miles in length starts from Copp's cabin on a slough on the south side of Tahtsa River, about 2 miles up-stream from the mouth of Kasalka (Blue) Creek, and leads to an old burnt-out camp near timber-line. The important previous work is an adit, 700 feet above the burnt-out camp, about 400 feet long, driven by Tahtsa Mining Company, Limited, and started in 1929. The surface showing was described in the Minister of Mines' Annual Reports for 1927 and 1929. This showing is a shear-zone that strikes about north and dips steeply to the east. There is mineralization along the foot-wall of the shear-zone, mainly across narrow widths but reaching a maximum of 10 inches. The mineralization consists of galena, sphalerite, arsenopyrite, pyrite, and tetrahedrite. Picked samples carried high values in silver and lead and little or no gold. The adit cuts the shear-zone at 84 feet from the portal and follows along it in a southerly direction for 290 feet to the face. The shear is well marked by several inches of gouge. No vein material was seen, except for the last 110 feet to the face, despite the fact that earlier reports noted the presence of a narrow vein. For the last 110 feet the shear-zone is occupied by short lengths of vein from 2 to 4 inches wide. The vein material consists of quartz and rhodochrosite gangue containing galena, sphalerite, pyrite, and tetrahedrite. A 68 REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF MINES, 1945. Five samples were taken with the following tabulated results:— Distance from Face of Adit. Width. Gold. Silver. Lead. Zinc. 110 feet Inches. 3 4 2 4 2 Oz. per Ton. Trace 0.03 Trace Trace Trace Oz. per Ton. 0.9 138.7 24.0 0.2 11.7 Per Cent. 0.2 28.0 26.9 0.3 8.1 Per Cent. 80 feet 0.1 65 feet 0.9 30 feet 0.1 2.3 Another shear-zone lying about 500 feet to the west of the one explored by the adit is traced by four open-cuts through the talus. The shear-zone strikes south 15 degrees east and dips almost vertically. The two walls of the zone are parallel and from 3 to 5 feet apart. Mineralization consisting mainly of galena and arsenopyrite appears in narrow widths along the west wall. In the uppermost open-cut 4 inches, mainly of galena, assayed: Gold, 0.05 oz. per ton; silver, 73.8 oz. per ton; and lead, 57.6 per cent. Another picked sample containing about 50 per cent, arsenopyrite assayed: Gold, 0.06 oz. per ton; silver, 1.4 oz. per ton; and lead, 1.9 per cent. [References: Minister of Mines, B.C., Ann. Repts., 1927, pp. 154-155; 1929, p.. 184.] The Emerald group was staked in 1915. The showings are on the Emerald. south side of Sweeney Mountain and are reached by wagon-road, starting from Emerald Landing, about 3 miles below the outlet of Tahtsa Lake. No work has been done on the property since operations were suspended in 1931. The property was not visited. The original surface showing was a vein-zone 10 to 20 feet wide, having in one place 10 feet of solid galena along the foot-wall side. The vein-mineralization is chiefly galena with subordinate amounts of sphalerite, pyrite, and chalcopyrite. The ore contains % to % oz. of silver to each per cent, of lead. The group was taken under option by the Consolidated Mining and Smelting Company of Canada in 1928. Work was suspended in the spring of 1931 after a large amount of underground exploratory work had been done. [References: Minister of Mines, B.C., Ann. Repts., 1916, pp. 164-165; 1919, pp. 104-105; 1929, pp. 183-184. Geol. Surv. Canada, Sum. Rept., 1924, Pt. A, pp. 56-57.] Prospecting.—The Freeport Exploration Company had a prospecting party in the field during the summer under the direction of Lamont West. Most of the prospecting was done by the geological team of Noel Hendry and Ivan Boyd. Their supplies were back-packed to them from base camps on Tahtsa River and the south shore of Tahtsa Lake. The party prospected along the south side of Tahtsa Lake. Five claims were located within the Laventie Creek drainage-basin. Whitesail Lake. Chikamin Mountain. Several mineral showings on Chikamin Mountain have been held by the Harrison Brothers, of Wistaria, for a number of years. Claims covering these showings are under option to Privateer Mine, Limited, who, in addition, staked a number of other claims on the mountain. This group, the Mentor Nos. 1 and 2 claims, was located by C. V. Har- Mentor. rison, of Wistaria. The claims are along the south shore of White- sail Lake in Zinc Bay, at the foot of Chikamin Mountain. The showings were not seen. No recent work has been done on the showings, which were described under " Cariboo " in the Minister of Mines, British Columbia, Annual Report, 1916, pages 165-166, and in the Geological Survey, Canada, Summary Report, 1924, METAL-MINING (LODE). A 69 Part A, pages 52-53; also under " Sunset " in Minister of Mines, British Columbia, Annual Report, 1926, page 146, and 1927, page 155. This group of four mineral claims was located by A. Ritz, of Wistaria. Dad's Special. The showing, 900 feet higher than the lake and about 1 mile up the main trail from the beach, lies 100 yards east of the trail. A small creek exposes an area of rusty weathering, pyritized tuffs about 25 feet wide. In the creek-bottom is a ^-inch stringer of galena and a *4-inch stringer of sphalerite, both striking north 45 degrees west and standing almost vertical. Privateer Mine, Limited, in 1945 drilled one diamond-drill hole 134 feet long beneath the surface exposure. The Rainy No. 1 and Gold Coin mineral claims are on the south slope Rainy and Gold of Chikamin Mountain. The showing in the California adit is on the Coin. Gold Coin claim, about 1,300 feet above the level of the Chikamin Mountain cabins. The California adit, just a few hundred feet below the summit, is reached by climbing a long talus-slope on the south flank of Chikamin Mountain. The work consists of an open-cut 30 feet long with an adit 25 feet long at the end of it. The adit is along a shear-zone striking north 35 degrees west and dipping 70 degrees to the south-west that cuts fine and coarse tuffs striking north 10 degrees west and dipping 65 degrees to the east. Two open-cuts have exposed the shear-zone 170 feet to the south-east and 90 feet to the north-west from the adit. Near the face of the open-cut the shear-zone is partly silicified across narrow widths and mineralized with pyrite, galena, sphalerite, and arsenopyrite. On the dump there is about 5 tons of sorted mineralized quartz. A grab sample from this dump assayed: Gold, 0.10 oz. per ton; silver, 6.3 oz. per ton; lead, 1.4 per cent.; and zinc, 5.4 per cent. A sample across 3 inches of quartz mineralized with pyrite, galena, and sphalerite assayed: Gold, 0.09 oz. per ton; silver, 44.9 oz. per ton; lead, 7.2 per cent.; and zinc, 5.3 per cent. Gold-silver-lead-sinc. The Roosevelt group of eight located claims covers old mineral show- Roosevelt, ings partly explored by the Chikamin adit, which is reached by about 2 miles of well-graded trail that climbs about 1,100 feet above Whitesail Lake. The trail starts from a cabin in a protected bay about 3 miles west of Zinc Bay. The original showing was partly exposed in several places along a small creek-bottom. The Chikamin adit extends in a south-easterly direction and cuts a shear-zone at 37 feet from the portal, thence it runs along the shear-zone striking about south 30 degrees east for 40 feet. From that point a crosscut was driven 25 feet to the south-west. The shear-zone is occupied by a quartz vein mineralized with pyrite, galena, sphalerite, and arsenopyrite. The widest section of vein seen, 8 to 9 inches, is exposed at the face of the drift, where a sample across 8 inches assayed: Gold, 0.29 oz. per ton; silver, 17.9 oz. per ton; lead, 14.3 per cent.; and zinc, 15.8 per cent. The dump of sorted ore at the portal was estimated to contain 4 or 5 tons. From it a selected piece containing about 50 per cent, arsenopyrite and no galena or sphalerite assayed: Gold, 0.28 oz. per ton, and silver, 0.6 oz. per ton. At a point about 500 feet south of the Chikamin adit, Privateer Mine, Limited, during the summer of 1945, drilled three diamond-drill holes totalling about 500 feet. The longest hole was 181 feet. These holes were directed toward the southward extension of the shear-zone. I A 70 REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF MINES, 1945. Garner No. 1 and Marie. Silver-lead-zinc. The Garner No. 1, located by C. V. Harrison, and the Marie group of three claims, located by W. H. Harrison, Sr., and W. H. Harrison, Jr., are on the north-east slope of Chikamin Mountain. The main cabin on Chikamin Mountain is about 3 miles by trail from the lake-shore and about 1,700 feet above it. The Ruby adit has been driven on a narrow though remarkably persistent vein on the Garner claim. The vein strikes about south 45 degrees east and dips 85 degrees to the southwest. It has been traced by open-cuts for about 2,000 feet. The vein cuts grey tuffs striking south 55 degrees east and dipping 20 degrees to the south-west. The Ruby adit, about 2,650 feet above the lake-shore and about 900 feet above the Chikamin Mountain cabins, has been driven for 118 feet in a south-easterly direction along the vein. In the drift the vein has a maximum width of 24 inches. It consists of quartz mineralized with galena, sphalerite, pyrite, chalcopyrite, and possibly tetrahedrite. A sample taken at the face across 12 inches assayed: Gold, 0.08 oz. per ton; silver, 14.5 oz. per ton; copper, 0.9 per cent.; lead, 7.4 per cent.; and zinc, 8.7 per cent. In 1939 B. T. O'Grady sampled the vein in the Ruby adit with following tabulated results:— Distance from Portal. Width of Vein. Gold. Silver. 0 feet ... Inches. S% 15 15 10 9 6 6 9 24 23 16 Oz. per Ton. 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.02 0.10 0.01 Trace 0.04 0.06 0.02 0.04 Oz. per Ton. 38.2 13 feet 14.2 24 feet 12.0 32 feet 12.8 50 feet 12.3 71 feet 5.4 82 feet . ... 7.8 89 feet 6.8 11.7 107 feet .. 17.6 118 feet (face) 16.8 [References: See Nickel Plate, Geol. Surv., Canada, Sum. Rept., 1924, Pt. A, pp. 54-55. See Shamrock, Minister of Mines, B.C., Ann. Rept., 1926, p. 187.] North Side of Whitesail Lake. Two groups of claims were located in 1944 along the north side of Whitesail Lake. One, the Shirley group of eight claims, extending north-eastward along the shore of Whitesail Lake from the entrance into Little Whitesail, was located by Molly Nutter, of Wistaria. The other, the Core group of twelve claims, located by Fred Paulig and Orald Harrison, of Wistaria, covers the outcrop of a dioritic stock on the south and south-east flanks of Core Mountain. The Shirley group was not visited and no one was available to point out the showings on the Core group. The Consolidated Mining and Smelting Company of Canada established a base camping-ground in the protected cove on the Core group and did a small amount of work on the group. The Core Mountain diorite, where seen along the shore of Whitesail Lake, contains a small amount of disseminated pyrite that shows as rusty weathering areas. Close to the camping-ground a few small open-cuts expose silicified and slightly pyritized diorite. No other mineralization was seen. It is understood that no quartz veins had been found and that the showings were of disseminated pyrite and pyrrhotite mineralization with a very low gold content. METAL-MINING (LODE). A 71 West End of Whitesail Lake. A large number of claims have been located between the west end of Whitesail Lake and the north side of Lindquist Lake. Only three of the various groups were visited: these are the Harrison group, under exploration by Pioneer Gold Mines of B.C., Limited; the Lam group, on which Privateer Mine, Limited, did some diamond- drilling; and the Old Timer group, located by D. F. Kidd. Gold. During 1945 Pioneer Gold Mines of B.C., Limited, continued explora- Harrison. tion-work on the Harrison group. The work was under the supervision of A. E. Pike. A tent-camp was established near timber-line, at an elevation of 1,100 feet above the lake and 5 miles by pack-horse trail from the west end of Whitesail Lake. The claims were surveyed by J. T. Underhill, of Vancouver, and a geological examination was made of the ground by F. Joubin. Exploratory work consisted of 3,728 feet of diamond-drilling and a small amount of surface-trenching. Diamond-drilling was done by a standard machine working two shifts per day and an X-ray machine working one shift per day. Snow conditions are such that drilling was begun about the second week in July and was finished by the second week in October. The eastern contact of the Coast Range batholith runs almost due west across the Harrison No. 22, No. 13, No. 12, No. 5, No. 1, and No. 2 mineral claims. The contact-zone of the intrusive rock is gneissic and is quartz diorite that has both transitional and intrusive contacts with pink granodiorite lying to the south. The granitic rocks intrude sediments and volcanics of the middle member of the Hazelton group. These include black slate, tuffaceous argillite, pale green thinly bedded tuff, and some coarse volcanic breccias. Near the intrusive contact the slate is metamorphosed to andalusite schist. Along the intrusive contact there is a zone of quartz stringers as much as 100 feet wide. The diorite between the stringers is intensely silicified, buff-coloured, and generally retains its granularity. Post-mineral black basaltic dykes outcrop in several places. Diamond-drilling confirms the surface indication that the intrusive-sedimentary contact dips southward; the indicated dip is about 55 degrees. The main showing on the Harrison group is a quartz vein in quartz diorite close to the intrusive contact. The vein strikes almost parallel to the contact but dips north at about 45 degrees. At the time of the first examination* it was thought that there were three main veins. Since then surface-stripping and diamond-drilling have led the company engineers to believe that there is just one main east-west vein and that there are several low-dipping north- and north-westerly-striking veins on both foot- and hanging-wall sides of the main vein. The current belief is that there is a western vein- segment at least 500 feet long on the Harrison No. 5 mineral claim, and an eastern segment in the east corner of the Harrison No. 13 claim that surface-stripping indicates as being about 600 feet long. Vein-quartz in surface trenches in the intervening 800 feet is interpreted to mean that the vein has been cut by a series of step-faults between the two segments. Diamond-drilling during 1945 was chiefly on the western vein-segment and was laid out to explore the downward extension of the vein in the quartz diorite. No change in the behaviour of the vein was discovered at shallow depths. It is thought that the vein will be proved to average more than 5 feet in width. * Minister of Mines, B.C., Ann. Rept., 1944, p. 176. A 72 REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF MINES, 1945. No information has been obtained on the behaviour of the north-dipping vein- fracture at its junction with the south-dipping intrusive contact. [Reference: Minister of Mines, B.C., Ann. Rept., 1945, pp. 175-177.] The Lam group of four mineral claims, the Lam Nos. 3 to 6, was Lam. located in 1944 by W. A. Lammers, of Vancouver. The group adjoins the south-west side of the Harrison group. The claims are about l1/^ miles west along the side-hill from the Pioneer Gold Mine camp on the Harrison group. The claims are underlain by grey quartz diorite that is continuous with the dioritic rocks on the Harrison group. There has been no surface-stripping done on the group. In August, 1945, a 200-foot diamond-drill hole had been drilled for Privateer Mine, Limited, below the outcrop of a narrow quartz vein. A sample from the outcrop taken across 3 inches of quartz mineralized with pyrite assayed: Gold, 0.01 oz. per ton. No other showings were seen. The Old Timer group of six claims, the Old Timer Nos. 1 to 6, was Old Timer. located in 1944 by D. F. Kidd, of Vancouver, The group adjoins the north-west side of the Harrison group and lies on the north-east slope of Lindquist Mountain. The claims may be reached by about 4 miles of trail, built in 1929, from the west end of Little Whitesail Lake. They may also be reached from the Pioneer Gold Mine camp on the Harrison group by climbing 1,600 feet over the ridge to the north-west. The westerly-striking intrusive contact that crosses the Harrison group extends north-westward over the ridge of Lindquist Mountain and cuts across the Old Timer No. 4 and No. 6 claims. The intrusive rock, chiefly diorite, is in contact with sheared chlorite schists, black slate, and dark grey laminated tuffs. Two quartz veins outcrop at an elevation of about 5,000 feet close to the toe of a small glacier. One vein, striking about north 45 degrees east and dipping 55 degrees to the south-east, is enclosed by dark green sheared chlorite schist. It is exposed for a length of about 100 feet and ranges in width from 6 to 30 inches. The quartz is moderately well mineralized with pyrite, galena, sphalerite, and pyrrhotite. A sample of selected pieces assayed: Gold, trace; silver, 1.3 oz. per ton. On the foot- wall side of the first vein is a second striking about north 60 degrees east and dipping 45 degrees to the south-east. It may be seen outcropping for about 400 feet along its strike. The quartz is fairly well mineralized with pyrite, galena, sphalerite, and pyrrhotite, and ranges from 6 to 36 inches in width. A sample of selected well- mineralized pieces assayed: Gold, trace. Other showings, previously described in the Annual Report of the Minister of Mines for 1929, were not examined. [Reference: See Harloworth, Minister of Mines, B.C., Ann. Rept., 1929, pp. 184-185.] Prospecting.—Two eight-claim groups, the Lena and Lena Nos. 2 to 8 and the Kay and Kay Nos. 2 to 8, were located in September, 1945, near the head of the Gamsby River, south-west of McCuish Pass, by A. Clore, of Copper River, and J. Stadin, of Terrace. It is understood that these men were prospecting for the Consolidated Mining and Smelting Company of Canada. The nature of the showings is not known. Eutsuk Lake. Surel Lake. Interest was aroused in 1945 by the almost simultaneous staking, by three prospectors working independently, of three mineralized showings near Marten Creek, on the south side of Surel Lake. Surel Lake is at the west end of Eutsuk Lake' and is reached by a mile of trail that runs along the east side of Surel Creek. Marten Creek flows into the south side of Surel Lake about 2% miles from the east end. METAL-MINING (LODE). A 73 The three groups of claims are the Three Bears Nos. 1 to 8, located on the lower part of Marten Creek by W. H. Harrison, Jr., of Wistaria; the Surel Nos. 1 to 6, located on the upper part of Marten Creek by Fred Paulig; and the Surel Lake and Surel Lake Nos. 1 to 7, located on the south side of Surel Lake at its east end by J. J. Hepson, of Wells. None of the showings was seen. A roof-pendant of sediments and volcanics outcrops in the upper part of Marten Creek. Paulig's showings on the Surel group are understood to be quartz veins 10 to 12 inches wide and having a maximum width of 2 feet. The quartz is mineralized with pyrite, galena, sphalerite, and a few flakes of molybdenite. The veins are said to be in the sedimentary rocks. The showings on the Three Bears group, on the lower part of Marten Creek, are said to be narrow quartz veins mineralized with pyrite, and some galena. The veins are in sedimentary rocks. The Surel Lake group of J. J. Hepson extends westward from the falls on Surel Creek. The claims are underlain by grey diorite but are close to the eastern margin of batholith. The vein is believed to be from 1 to 2 feet wide, to be exposed for less than 50 feet, and to carry some high values in gold. The ore is thought to contain a telluride mineral. The Surel Lake group was examined in August, 1945, by J. A. Pike, of Island Mountain Mines, Limited, who also located the adjoining Fly group of four claims. Red Bird Mountain. Mineralization on Red Bird Mountain was first discovered in 1929 and was located as the Red Bird group.* These showings were relocated in 1944 by Molly Nutter as the Old Glory group. The claims lie on the north-eastern side of Red Bird Mountain and are reached from the valley of the creek flowing into the south side of Eutsuk Lake just west of Trapp Point. Red Bird Mountain was climbed from the north-western side, and although a considerable amount of bornite-mineralized float was seen, the original showings were not found. The varied mineralization reported on Red Bird Mountain includes both copper and arsenopyrite mineralization as well as a galena showing. _ ,. CARIBOO. Gold. (53° 121° S.W.) Company office, 1007 Royal Bank Building, Vancou- Cariboo Gold ver> B.C.; mine office, Wells, B.C.; W. B. Burnett, President; R. R. Quartz Mining Rose, Managing Director and Mine Manager; P. N. Pitcher, Assistant Co., Ltd.f General Superintendent; I. S. Comfort, Mine Superintendent; J. D. Boulding, Mill Superintendent; L. Walker, Mine Foreman. Capital: 2,000,000 shares, $1 par; issued, 1,333,309. The company operates the Cariboo Gold Quartz mine on Cow Mountain outside Wells. The mine is on the south-east side of Jack of Clubs Lake. Wells is 56 miles by road from Quesnel, the northern terminus of the Pacific Great Eastern Railway. The company was organized in 1927. The Pinkerton claim was acquired first, then the Rainbow group, previously owned by A. W. Sanders, was bought. Subsequently, the company's holdings have been increased to 106 claims and fractions totalling about 3,600 acres. The present holdings extend in a continuous belt for about 6 miles southeastward from Mosquito Creek on the north-east slope of Island Mountain to the West- port group on the south-east side of Williams Creek. * Minister of Mines, B.C., Ann. Rept., 1929, p. 185. t By S. S. Holland. A 74 REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF MINES, 1945. The first underground development consisted of an adit started from Lowhee Creek and driven as a crosscut at a depth of about 400 feet below the surface showings on the Rainbow claim. These showings are now known to be the outcrop of the Sanders zone. The crosscut was stopped short of its objective in 1930 when preparations were begun to drive the 1500 adit at an additional depth of 375 feet and about 100 feet above Jack of Clubs Lake. The 1500 adit, begun in 1931, is now the main haulage-level of the mine and from it the mine-development has proceeded. Raises were put up on the Rainbow, Sanders, Pinkerton, and Butts zones, and the 1200 and 1000 levels driven out to the surface. A connection was made through to the old crosscut adit from Lowhee Creek, and the raise on the Butts zone put through to surface. Three internal shafts have been sunk from the 1500 level to develop the zones at depth. No. 1 shaft gives access to the No. 1 zone down to the 2000 level, and on the 2000 level a crosscut was started in 1940 and driven 1,300 feet towards the company's holdings on Island Mountain. The No. 2 and No. 3 shafts give access to the Rainbow and Sanders zones respectively and have been sunk to the 1900 level. In 1938 a start was made to advance the 1500 adit-crosscut towards the B.C. vein. This work was completed to the B.C. vein in 1941, and in the same year the B.C. incline shaft was sunk 926 feet from the surface. The connection between the shaft and the 1500 level crosscut was made in 1942. Very little development-work has been done since 1942. In 1945 the development footage amounted to about 300 feet. To date the total footage of workings is: Drifts and crosscuts, about 21 miles; raises, about 15,000 feet; and shafts, 2,731 feet. Ventilation, except in long development-headings, none of which have been driven for some time, is still controlled by natural differences between the inside and outside temperatures. Underground temperatures vary between 42 degrees and 51 degrees Fahrenheit. In January, 1933, the initial mill, with a capacity of 50 tons per day, began operating. The mill capacity was increased to 100 tons daily in 1934; to 150 tons in September, 1935; to 200 tons in July, 1936; to 250 tons in September, 1937; to 300 tons daily by October, 1938; and to the present capacity of 350 tons daily in 1940. Since 1942 the tonnage milled has been limited by labour shortage in the mine. The present mill is a cyanide plant employing continuous counter-current decantation. In 1945, 36,016 tons of ore was mined, from which 13,476 oz. of gold, and 1,131 oz. of silver was recovered. Published company statements show that from 1933 to the end of 1945, 358,424 oz. of gold was recovered from 898,864 tons of ore mined, a recovered content of 0.399 oz. of gold per ton. The veins of the Cariboo Gold Quartz mine are in a series of argillites, quartzites, and calcareous schists that make up the upper part of the Richfield formation. More especially are the veins found in the Rainbow member, which is one of five members into which the uppermost Richfield rocks have been subdivided. The Rainbow member is overlain by calcareous rocks of the Baker member and underlain by black argil- lite of the B.C. member. The Rainbow member, within the mine workings, is further subdivided into four map units which are recognizable throughout most of the mine. However, lithologic changes along the strike of the rocks have become sufficiently great to make the units largely unrecognizable on the south-east side of the Lowhee fault. In the mine the rocks have a north-westerly strike and dip 45 degrees to the northeast. They are cut by northerly-striking faults dipping about 60 degrees east that offset the formations to the right. These faults from north-west to south-east along the Rainbow member are: No. 1 fault with an offset of about 80 feet; Rainbow fault with an offset of about 300 feet; Sanders fault with an offset of about 15 feet; Lowhee fault with an offset of about 1,000 feet; and Goldfinch fault whose offset is not known but may possibly be as much as 800 feet. I METAL-MINING (LODE). A 75 Productive quartz veins are localized mainly in the Rainbow member close to the intersections of certain northerly striking faults (see Figure 1). As a consequence the following vein-zones are recognized in the mine: No. 1 zone, associated with the No. 1 fault; Rainbow zone, associated with the Rainbow fault; Sanders zone, associated with the Sanders and Lowhee faults; Pinkerton zone, on the foot-wall side of the Lowhee fault; and the Butts zone, on the hanging-wall side of the Lowhee fault. To date most of the ore has been mined from, and about equally divided between, the Sanders and Rainbow zones. V ' ■,•■■■■■ ;: W ;, B.C. member 400 aoo • / \ <i v%. Cariboo Gold Quartz Mine. Fig. 1. Plan of the 1500 level, showing the relationship between quartz veins, the five major northerly-striking faults, and the Rainbow member (in stipple pattern). The four subdivisions of the Rainbow member are indicated. The rock in the vein-zones is fractured in two dominant directions, giving rise to two sets of quartz veins. The set of fractures that strikes about north 30 degrees east represents tensional openings. These are occupied by the transverse veins. The other set of fractures strikes north 70 degrees east to east and is a direction of shear along which some movement may have taken place. This set is occupied by the diagonal veins. The northerly-striking faults, the transverse vein-fractures, and the diagonal vein-fractures appear to be parts of a co-ordinate fracture pattern. Transverse veins are the most numerous. Their average width is less than 1 foot; most of them are less than 50 feet long and only the exceptional vein is 100 feet long. Diagonal veins are less numerous, and although they are narrow they are commonly wider, and are always more continuous, than the transverse veins. Most are less than 150 feet long, though the exceptional one may be as long as 250 feet. Both transverse and diagonal quartz veins are mined. In 1945, out of forty working or workable stopes, ten were on diagonal veins. Many veins combine both transverse and diagonal directions, and consequently diagonal veins are seen with offshoots along the transverse fracture direction and transverse veins have offshoot strands along the diagonal fracture direction. Figure 2, drawn from the company's plans, shows horizontal stope-sections on veins of both types. One stope is close to 60 feet wide, yet the individual quartz veins are seldom more than a foot in width. The other stope, X-shaped in plan, shows a complexity of short veins along the two dominant A 76 REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF MINES, 1945. fracture directions. This stope might be taken as fairly representative of the typical discontinuity of quartz mineralization in plan. The same type of discontinuity exists in a vertical plane. The two vein types are mineralized alike. They are quartz veins whose dominant metallic mineral is pyrite. Commercial grade quartz contains on the average 15 to 25 per cent, pyrite. The wall-rock is pyritized in varying degree but carries less gold than the veins. As a generalization it might be said that pure pyrite from a commercial or near commercial grade vein assays about 2 oz. of gold per ton or better. Other minerals that may be present are galena, sphalerite, arsenopyrite, cosalite, galena bis- mutite, and bismuthinite. Visible free gold is frequently in or close to nests of cosalite. The vein-quartz also contains ankerite, sericite, and scheelite. Cariboo Gold Quartz Mine. Fig. 2. Horizontal sections through two stopes, showing the way the quartz veins are developed along two vein directions. The Cariboo Gold Quartz mine is developed on short, narrow quartz veins that individually are small and contain small tonnages of ore. It is only by virtue of the fact that they are so numerous and that their density, or the number of veins per unit area, is so great that they become of economic importance. Figure 3, drawn from the company's plan of the 1800 level, shows the level development in the Rainbow zone largely on the foot-wall side of the Rainbow fault. Most of the veins are within 300 feet of the fault and are in the upper three units of the Rainbow member. Both transverse and diagonal veins are present. More than a dozen major veins are present as well as numerous small ones across a width of about 700 feet measured along the fault. The figure illustrates the vein density in a vein-zone where the veins are slightly more numerous than elsewhere in the mine. The Cariboo Gold Quartz mine contrasts strongly with the nearby Island Mountain mine where about a third of the tonnage mined comes from pyritic replacement ore. METAL-MINING (LODE). A 77 Cariboo Gold Quartz Mine. Fig. 3. Veins developed by the 1800-level workings in the Rainbow zone. A 78 REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF MINES, 1945. Replacement ore at the Cariboo Gold Quartz mine contributes an insignificant tonnage, yet from time to time pyritic replacement ore-bodies are found. The latest was found in 1944 and was being mined in the autumn of 1945. It is on the 1900 level in the Rainbow zone and lies in the lower part of the Baker member, possibly within 100 feet of the contact with the underlying Rainbow member. The replacement ore was found during the course of drifting north-eastward along a transverse quartz vein. When the rock enclosing the vein and exposed along the drift changed from argillaceous quartzite to limestone, there was a corresponding termination of the quartz vein at the edge of the calcareous beds. From the end of the vein-quartz, pyrite mineralization spreads out in to the calcareous beds and replaces them with pyrite. The ore-body has a maximum width of 7 feet and a length of about 90 feet; its height is not known. The pyrite is coarsely crystalline and occurs in streaks up to 12 inches wide or more lying parallel to the bedding. When drifting along the replacement ore, a second transverse Sroped 35 feet below surface ,, _f jf Stoped within 30 feet Cariboo Gold Quartz Mine. Fig. 4. Surface workings and shallow adits (in broken outline) on the outcrop of the Sanders zone shown in relation to the veins developed on the 900 level, and stopes above the 900 level (in stippled pattern). vein was found on the foot-wall side. At the time of examination (September, 1945) the ore had been mined for about 30 feet up the dip and for a stope length of about 90 feet. There appear to be no structural irregularities in the bedding, and at the lateral terminations of the ore the pyrite streaks become narrower and more widely spaced before finally disappearing. The two quartz veins terminating on the foot-wall side of the limey beds suggest that they were feeders for and localizers of the replacement ore at that point. The primary objective of the company in 1927 and several subsequent years was the underground exploration and development of the surface showings on the Rainbow claim. These original showings are now known to be the outcrop of part of the Sanders zone. A brief description of them may be of value to those engaged in prospecting and initial development elsewhere in the general area. Figure 4 was compiled METAL-MINING (LODE). A 79 from company plans and shows Sanders' open-cuts and shallow surface adits superimposed on the veins developed on the 900 level of the mine some 40 to 125 feet beneath the north-eastward-sloping ground surface. Stopes are shown by a stipple pattern. Sanders' prospecting and surface work outlined an area about 200 feet square where it was possible to pan residual gold and where there was almost a stockwork of narrow veinlets intersecting bedded stringers. The vein-outcrops were oxidized, much of their pyrite was leached, and the area showed a large amount of rusty weathered rock. The visible open-cuts and short adits are interpreted as meaning that much of his work was done on the outcrops of four transverse veins. Company development on the 900 level, about 40 feet beneath the surface, indicates that the veins that outcropped did not persist to that depth. At the same time three other sets of transverse veins were found and stoped to the surface at places where Sanders evidently did not uncover any, and certainly where no surface work was done. Two diagonal veins, shown on Figure 4 just south of Sanders' cabin, were found by the company development on the 900 level. One was stoped to the surface at its eastern end. Veins were most numerous in that part of the zone closest to the Sanders fault. Of seven stopes in that section, four terminated from 30 to 50 feet below the surface and three broke through to the surface. It seems remarkable that this area, about 350 feet long, 150 feet wide, and only 150 feet west, up the hill, from Sanders' surface workings, was not found in the early prospecting. Actually, more ore was mined from immediately beneath the surface of this area than from the near-by area that Sanders explored on the surface. [References: See Rainbow, Minister of Mines, B.C., Ann. Repts., 1922, p.119; 1924, p. 117; 1925, p. 149. Minister of Mines, B.C., Ann. Repts., 1927, p. 169; 1928, p. 194; 1929, p. 190; 1930, p. 166; 1933, p. 120; 1934, p. C 20. Geol. Surv. Canada, Sum. Rept., 1933, Pt. A, pp. 44-48; Mem. 181, 1935, pp. 22-25. The Miner, August, 1938, pp. 44-53.] (53° 121° S.W.) Company office, 744 Hastings Street West, Vancou- Island Mountain ver, B.C.; mine office, Wells, B.C.; F. W. Guernsey, President; H. E. Mines Co., Ltd.* Dodge, Secretary-Treasurer; J. A. Pike, Mine Manager. C. Caldwell, who has been Mine Foreman for the past two years, was recalled to Eastern Canada and was replaced by P. L. Clark. Capital: 1,100,000 shares, 50 cents par; issued, 1,050,716. This company operates the Island Mountain mine on the north side of Jack of Clubs Lake across from the Cariboo Gold Quartz mine. About the middle of October, after watching the crew dwindle for several years, the management noted a sudden increase in the number of applications for work. By the end of October the influx of new men was so great that it was necessary to cancel a standing order for muckers until more experienced miners or timbermen could be hired or trained. Steps were taken immediately to catch up with the maintenance-work that had been neglected for some time because of the lack of men. Exploratory and development work although reduced was done to good advantage. One crew of drillers was engaged until June in drilling for replacement ore. On the 3375 level a drift was driven to one of the diamond-drill intersections which had cut a body of replacement ore. On the 3125 level a start was made for the first time to crosscut the Aurum fault to explore for replacement ore on the east or hanging- wall side of it. This work was stopped in the fault as neither space for the waste nor men to do the work were available. Practically all waste is used for fill; none is trammed to outside dumps unless it is absolutely necessary to do so. Production was maintained at a good rate. The miners who stayed with the company during the war became very efficient. Working in big stopes, they probably * By J. A. Mitchell. A 80 REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF MINES, 1945. produced more ore per man-shift than can ever be expected again. About two-thirds of the tonnage milled was from quartz veins and about one-third was from replacement ore-bodies in limestone. There were no changes in stoping methods during 1945. It is proposed, however, to try a new system of obtaining fill by slashing it in checker-board fashion from both walls. The slashes will be drilled at the same time as the ore but will be blasted after the ore is removed. A safety committee, composed of both mine officials and employees, makes regular monthly inspections and reports its findings at a meeting following each inspection. The mine manager presides at the meeting, which is attended by all mine officials and the safety committee. After discussing each point, recommendations for correcting the unsafe practice or condition are made. If not put into effect promptly, the recommendations are kept in the minutes of each monthly meeting until they are carried out. Other matters pertaining to safety are also brought up at the meetings. This arrangement keeps down accidents, as is shown by the company's good record year after year. Conditions were found to be satisfactory on all visits made by the Inspector of Mines. The Inspector of the Silicosis Branch, Workmen's Compensation Board, commended the management, staff, and crew for their efforts and success in applying dust-prevention. A labour-management efficiency committee, composed of three members of the staff and three members of the union, was inaugurated. Anticipating a housing shortage, the company purchased several lots, on which houses will be built as soon as labour and materials are available. Because a moving clay-bank at the back of the mill was pushing the building off plumb, it was found necessary to remove the old cribbing, cut away part of the bank, and put in new cribbing. Water-lines that had been in the ground for ten years were also replaced. In order to keep the total weight of skips, rope, and load below the limit of the rated rope pull of the hoist, when pulling from lower levels, it was necessary to replace the old skips with new ones of lighter design. The hoisting signals were also changed so that only the cage-tender may signal the hoistman. With this new system, the cage-tender answers the call-bell and the hoistman answers the cage-tender's bell, which is the only one that rings in the hoist-room. Development-work done in 1945 included 382 feet of drifting, 40 feet of sinking, and 2,121 feet of diamond-drilling. A total of 22,614 tons of ore was mined and milled, yielding 10,071 oz. of gold and 1,209 oz. of silver. The average number of men employed was eighty-five. (53° 121° S.W.) Company office, 306 Crown Building, Vancouver, Canusa Cariboo B.C.; John Dunsmuir, President. Capital: 3,000,000 shares, 50 cents Gold Mines, Ltd.* par; issued, 1,202,605. The company holds twenty-four mineral claims and fractions lying south-west of the heads of Lowhee Creek and Stouts Gulch. Of these, the Black Bull and Waoming are old Crown grants which together with the New Black Bull Quartz, Blue Jay, Stouts, and Stouts Fraction mineral claims adjoin the St. Laurent, Cariboo, and American mineral claims belonging to Cariboo Gold Quartz Mining Company, Limited. The showings lie on ground to which reference was made in the Annual Report of the Minister of Mines for 1933, page 124, under Cariboo Central Gold Mines Company and Blue Jay group. At that time a crosscut adit was driven about 170 feet on the Blue Jay claim; the portal is at the present Lowhee camp. In the Annual Report of the Minister of Mines for 1940, page A 56, reference is made to some further work being done by Cariboo Rainbow Mines, Incorporated. Hanson describes some of the * By S. S. Holland. METAL-MINING (LODE). A 81 showings under " Upper Stouts Gulch " in Geological Survey, Canada, Memoir 181, page 27. The company's claims on the upper parts of Lowhee Creek and Stouts Gulch are underlain across a width of 1,200 to 1,500 feet by grey quartzite and argillaceous quartz- ite of the Lowhee member of the upper Richfield formation. On the south-west side of the Lowhee member are black argillites of the Basal member. These rocks near Watsons Gulch, on the Black Bull and New Black Bull Quartz claims, are cut by the northerly-striking Lowhee fault. The possibility that two other faults, to the east of the Lowhee, may cross the Blue Jay and New Black Bull Quartz mineral claims is suggested by abrupt, presumably fault, terminations of the south-east end of the Black Bull quartz vein exposed in the Lowhee hydraulic cut, and the north-west end of the B.C. quartz vein partly exposed by surface-stripping on the American mineral claim. The company's showings are reported to comprise two quartz veins in Emory Gulch, three groups of quartz veins in upper Stouts Gulch, a quartz vein in the Lowhee hydraulic pit, and the Black Bull quartz vein exposed south-east of Watsons Gulch in the bottom of Lowhee Gulch. The reported showings in Emory Gulch were covered with hydraulic tailings at the time of examination and were not seen. Of the three groups of quartz veins mentioned by Hanson in upper Stouts Gulch, only two groups were exposed to view. The first is a group of transverse quartz veins exposed about 900 feet south-east of the head of Stouts Gulch, on the Stouts Fraction and Midnight Fraction mineral claims. The rocks cut are grey argillaceous quartzites of the Lowhee member which strike north 75 degrees west and dip 40 to 50 degrees north. The veins, with one exception, strike north 20 degrees east and dip steeply west. Across a distance of about 170 feet seven veins are exposed for lengths ranging from 15 to 75 feet. The widths of individual veins vary along their lengths and reach a maximum of 14 to 16 inches in several instances. These veins were originally uncovered by the old hydraulic operations. Three samples of selected heavy pyritic concentrations were taken for assay. A sample containing about 50 per cent, pyrite assayed 0.14 oz. of gold per ton, another containing about two-thirds pyrite assayed 0.09 oz. of gold per ton, and a third sample of almost solid pyrite assayed 0.07 oz. of gold per ton. A thin band of pyritic replacement of quartzite, commonly 1 to 2 inches wide but in one place 12 inches wide, extends out from one of the westernmost veins. The length of the band is obscured by hydraulic tailings. A sample of the pyritic replacement material, containing about three-quarters pyrite, assayed 0.70 oz. of gold per ton. A second group of narrow transverse quartz veins is exposed in the bottom of the by-wash creek about 300 feet from the head of Stouts Gulch. Five veins were seen, ranging from 1 to 4 inches in width and exposed across the creek-bottom for a length of 10 feet. A sample from one vein 4 inches wide and containing about 25 per cent, pyrite assayed 0.24 oz. of gold per ton. The head of Lowhee pit is about 200 feet from the head of Stouts Gulch and is close to the south boundary of the Blue Jay mineral claim. It is reported that the hydraulicking in Lowhee pit in 1945 uncovered a north-easterly-striking quartz vein as much as 5 feet wide. Bed-rock was not exposed in the pit so no vein was seen. Finally, a very large quartz vein is exposed in the bottom of Lowhee Gulch extending from its north-western termination at the Lowhee fault at Watsons Gulch southeastward for about 850 feet. It terminates abruptly at the south-east end and presumably is cut by a fault that would strike about north. The vein is parallel to the strike of the enclosing rocks and ranges from 4 to 12 feet in width. Any original pyrite has been leached from the vein-outcrop. No attempt was made to sample this vein. A 82 REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF MINES, 1945. (53° 121° S.W.) This is a new company formed by Pioneer Gold Barkerviile Mines of B.C., Limited, to explore and develop the Proserpine group Mining Co., Ltd. of claims and other ground in the Cariboo acquired by option or by staking. C. E. Gordon Brown is in charge of operations. A new road to the Warspite workings was built. It starts from the Barkerville-Hudson Road just outside Barkerviile, crosses Conklin Gulch, and runs along the north-west spur of Proserpine Mountain. It is approximately 17,000 feet long and rises steadily on an easy grade all the way. To obtain geological information, more than 10,000 feet of bulldozer stripping was done on the Proserpine, Rex, and Elsie groups on Proserpine Mountain. Exploratory work was also done on several other groups, one of which includes the old Hardscrabble mine on the Willow River north-west of Island Mountain. (53° 121° S.W.) Two groups of claims, the Wellknown Nos. 1 to 8 and Wellknown and the Unknown Nos. 1 to 8, were staked in the autumn of 1944 by W. H. Unknown." Armstrong and Q. C. Heppner, of Wells, at the junction of Cooper Creek and Sugar Creek. The claims are about 9 miles by road and trail north-west of Wells. The claims cover veins that had been staked previously and upon which work had been done in 1934 (see Annual Report of the Minister of Mines, British Columbia, for 1934, page C26). Armstrong and Heppner continued prospecting and exploratory stripping and are reported to have found the vein-source of gold-bearing float. PERKINS PEAK.* Gold. (51° 125° N.E.) This group is on the north-west flank of Perkins Bluebell. Peak at an elevation of over 7,000 feet. The group was optioned during 1945 by T. Corless, of Quesnel, and associates from P. Evjen and partners, of Kleena Kleene and vicinity. A contract was given for some tunnel-work in October, 1945. It was reported that a 125-foot crosscut intersected the vein some distance below the outcrop where it was still heavily oxidized. It is understood that the occurrence consists of several lenses and stringers of quartz and bunches of pyrite and arsenopyrite mineralization along a sheared contact between light-coloured silicified quartzite and black graphitic argillite. In this respect it is similar to the main showings on the Mountain Boss group to the east and is probably a continuation of those showings. The geology of the area and the showings on the Mountain Boss group are described under the heading " Perkins Peak Section " on page F 38 of the Annual Report of the Minister of Mines for 1938. „ „ TASEKO LAKE.* Gold. (51° 123° S.E.) Company office, 612 Hall Building, Vancouver, B.C. Taylor Windfall Capital: 2,000,000 shares, $1 par; issued, 1,910,333. This company Gold Mining Co., owns and has operated intermittently the property of the same name Lrd. located on Battlement Creek near its junction with the Taseko River about 12 miles south-east of Taseko Lake. A very detailed description of this property is given in the Annual Report of the Minister of Mines for 1935. Since that report was written, the main shaft has been deepened and the 200 and the 300 levels have been opened up on the blind vein which was referred to in the report. Considerable drifting and crosscutting was done before the war brought about a cessation of activities in 1939. In 1945 funds were raised to carry out a diamond-drilling programme based on recommendations of the company's engineer. The job was given to D. & B. Drillers, * By J. A. Mitchell. METAL-MINING (LODE). A 83 Limited, and the machinery was brought to the property late in the fall. Lack of facilities in this relatively inaccessible area coupled with the early arrival of cold weather made it impossible to drill more than two holes, the results of which were inconclusive. The drill was left at the property so that the programme could be continued without undue expense and delay in the spring. The lowest adit workings were cleaned out and drained. (51° 123° S.W.) This company was incorporated under an Ontario Hido, Pellaire charter by the Quebec Gold Mining Corporation (offices, 184 Bay Mines, Ltd. Street, Toronto, Ont., and 148 Royal Bank Building, Vancouver, B.C.; Col. Rainville, President; F. C. Buckland, Consulting Engineer) to take over and develop the Hido group of claims as well as adjoining ground subsequently staked. A detailed report of the Hido group is given in the Annual Report of the Minister of Mines for 1937. The principal showings of this group consist of a series of quartz veins striking north-easterly across one spur of a northerly trending ridge which is 8,000 feet high. This ridge lies between the Lord River and Falls Creek; the showings are about 6 miles south-west of the south end of Taseko Lake. The veins outcrop in granite but they dip north-westward at a steep angle towards a complex of volcanic rocks. The veins are numbered 0 to 5 from south to north. Numbers 0 to 3 are either poorly exposed or contain low values where they are exposed, and no work has been done on them beyond that described in the Annual Report of the Minister of Mines for 1937. Vein No. 4 is a particularly strong lead which outcrops boldly, trending diagonally down the east side of the spur from its crest to a talus-slope close to the granite- greenstone contact. The vein is hidden under granite talus slides on the west slope of the ridge, but crushed quartz exposed at several points is assumed to belong to this lead. Vein No. 5 is parallel to vein No. 4 and lies about 100 feet north-westerly from it. Its outcrop is not nearly as strong as that of No. 4. Results of sampling No. 4 and No. 5 veins were considered sufficiently attractive by officials of the Quebec Gold Mining Corporation to merit further exploratory work, so an option was taken on the property and adjoining ground was staked. The holdings now comprise about eighty claims which cover both sides of Falls Creek and extend about 1,900 feet down the Lord River slope of the main ridge. A comfortable temporary camp was established at timber-line, elevation 6,600 feet, and a diamond-drill was brought to the property. Hole No. 1 was collared on the crest of the ridge about 100 feet north of where the ridge is crossed by No. 5 vein and about 280 feet north of where it is crossed by No. 4 vein. This hole was drilled south 50 degrees east at minus 60 degrees and cut both veins in the granite; No. 5 at 70 feet from the collar and No. 4 somewhere between 268 and 284 feet from the collar. The latter intersection was poor inasmuch as the wall- rock, as on the surface, was badly decomposed on both sides of the vein and did not core well. The quartz in the vein was also badly crushed and full core-recovery was not obtained. Hole No. 2 was drilled vertically downward from the same set-up. It also cut both veins in wide zones of decomposed granite; No. 5 at 94 feet and No. 4 at 450 feet from the collar. Hole No. 3 was collared 100 feet to the north of the previous two holes and was drilled vertically downward. It cut No. 5 vein at 190 feet in an altered zone extending from 183 to 200 feet. It entered greenstone at 361 feet, and it is understood that it cut No. 4 lead in that rock before the water-supply froze and forced a shut-down until spring. The water was obtained from a cirque west of the showings and east of the main ridge. It was pumped through 2,900 feet of 1-inch pipe against a difference of eleva- tion of 530 feet. The drilling, which totalled 1,453 feet, was done by Keyes Construction, Limited, on a two-shift basis. A Boyles Brothers B.B.S. gasoline-driven drill was used. Including drillers, the crew totalled twelve. It is proposed to build a road to the property, as soon as conditions permit, to bring in supplies for driving a long crosscut to explore the veins at depth. „ ,, BRIDGE RIVER.* Gold. (50° 122° N.W.) Company office, 470 Granville Street, Vancouver, Pioneer Gold B.C.; mine office, Pioneer Mines P.O., B.C.; V. Spencer, President; Mines of B.C., A. E. Bull, Secretary -Treasurer; H. T. James, Managing Director; Ltd. E. F. Emmons, Mine Manager; H. A. Rose, Mine Superintendent; P. Schutz, Mill Superintendent. Capital: 2,500,000 shares, $1 par; issued, 1,751,750. This company owns and operates the Pioneer mine on Cadwallader Creek, upper Bridge River. The favourable development of the " 27 " lead at depth has added a number of years to the life of the mine. Extensive repairs, which would have to be done eventually, were done in 1945 while men were still scarce for underground work and the mine could be shut down without putting any one out of work. The No. 2 shaft was retim- bered from the 500 level to the collar. This work included retimbering the station at the 200 main adit, commonly referred to as the " water tunnel." It also included placing cement-work at the collar and for some distance below it, where heavy overburden had displaced the shaft timbers to the extent that the cage could not be taken through to the surface. While this work was being done, access by shaft to the " 27 " lead was impossible and the development was discontinued. Consequently, no ore was being delivered to the mill and advantage was taken of the shut-down to make some repairs there. Parts of the mill-floor were concreted. The pipe-line to the mill power plant was replaced by 36-inch continuous wood-stave pipe. During the period that the mine was being worked, a small tonnage of ore was delivered to the mill from broken reserves. Some ore was obtained also from the development of the " 27 " lead. A total of 10,528 tons was mined and 9,039 tons was milled, yielding 4,944 oz. of gold and 690 oz. of silver. The development consisted of 1,538 feet of drifting, 560 feet of erosscutting, and 2,284 feet of diamond-drilling. Some work was done in advancing the Taylor tunnel on the Eagle Fraction. (50° 122° N.W.) Company office, 555 Burrard Street, Vancouver, Bralorne Mines, B.C.; mine office, Bralorne P.O., B.C.; A. C. Taylor, President; R. H. Ltd. Grace, Secretary-Treasurer; M. M. O'Brien, Managing Director; D. N. Matheson, Mine Manager; C. M. Manning, Mine Superintendent; A. A. Almstrom, Mill Superintendent. Capital: 1,250,000 shares, no par value; issued, 1,247,000. This company owns and operates the Bralorne mine on Cadwallader Creek, upper Bridge River, about 50 miles by road from Bridge River Station on the Pacific Great Eastern Railway. Development in 1945 consisted of 5,220 feet of drifts and crosscuts, 717 feet of raises, and 7,145 feet of diamond-drilling. During 1945 development-headings were opened up on the 100, 200, 300, 1600, and 2000 levels on the " 51 " vein. This work revealed two very good ore-shoots in the 1651 West drift. A shoot of ore across 4% feet was opened up in the 2051 East drift. Drifting west on the " 53 " vein on the 1200 and 1500 levels developed two excellent shoots on the 1200 and a shoot 145 feet in length on the 1500 level. On the 1500 and 1800 levels some development-work was done on the " 77 " vein. The connection between the Crown and Empire shafts on the 1800 level was completed by driving a crosscut to the Empire shaft from the 1877 East drift. This improved the ventilation on the lower levels. The ventilation of the lower levels was improved also * By J. A. Mitchell. by the installation of two new fans of axial flow design, each with a maximum capacity of 30,000 cubic feet per minute. No development or extraction was done in the Coronation or King mines during 1945. Surface work done during 1945 consisted of replacing the foundations of several houses and of replacing 3,500 feet of the 36-inch pipe-line to the mine power plant with creosoted fir-stave pipe, which has an expected life of thirty years. The new pipe eliminates flooding of part of the highway, which used to be a hazard in winter. The man-power shortage was critical during the greater part of 1945. From a high of 149 men on the underground crew in January, the total gradually decreased to 93 in July and then gradually increased to 186 at the end of November. At this time it was found necessary to reopen the Bradian Camp. The surface crew remained almost constant at about 100 men. The total number of shifts worked to the end of November was 78,601. During this time, on the surface and underground, there were two fatal accidents and 56 accidents involving more than six days' lost time. Milling was normal during 1945 with the exception of periods when development- work on the " 53 " vein produced large amounts of serpentine which caused depressing effects in the flotation circuits. Metallurgical tests were carried on with the object of increasing the mill capacity by the use of cyanidation. A total of 110,410 tons of ore was mined and 105,283 tons was milled. This yielded 57,364 oz. of gold and 15,570 oz. of silver. Bralorne Mines, Limited, also has an option on the Elizabeth group on Blue Creek, a tributary of the Yalakom River, about 45 miles north of Lillooet. It also held a working option for a short time during 1945 on the Ranger group of claims. (50° 122° N.W.) This group is situated near the head of a tributary Ranger. of Truax Creek, about 4 miles south of Minto P.O. and 4 miles east of Gold Bridge P.O. The group was staked in the fall of 1944 by C. Ault, a grantee under the " War-time Prospectors' Grub-stake Act," after he had discovered interesting float in the slide-rock. It was turned over to a syndicate of ten and funds were raised for surface exploratory work. When well-mineralized quartz was found in place, the property was optioned to Bralorne Mines, Limited. The company drilled three diamond-drill holes which failed to reach solid rock. The vein was followed for about 25 feet in a surface cut and an adit which exposed vein-matter with a maximum width of about 8 feet. The vein-matter and the adjoining wall-rock, however, were so crushed and decomposed that the attitude and continuity of the vein were in doubt. The adit is at about 8,000 feet altitude, well above the timber-line. Early snow and cold weather made it difficult to obtain water for drilling, and the location of the showing made it impossible to find timber or a suitable camp-site close to the working. The Bralorne Company dropped its option on the property which, during the life of the option, was known as the Ben d'Or. The decomposed quartz-sulphide mineralization of the principal showing contains sufficient gold per ton to warrant further careful prospecting. (50° 122° N.W.) This company is doing exploratory work on its prop- Grull Wihksne erty lying on both sides of Cadwallader Creek, north-westerly from the Gold Mines, Ltd. Bralorne mine. The company's engineers reported favourably on this property early in 1945 and proceeded to make a large-scale geological map of the surface to assist in a proposed exploratory programme. Two areas were selected as being worthy of investigation; namely, the Don claims on the projected continuation of the greenstone intrusive, and the soda-gran ite-albitite area on the Alma and Millbank claims. Trenching was done on the Don claims north of Bralorne, and Pioneer-type greenstone in contact with the Fergusson series of sedimentary rocks was exposed. The A 86 REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF MINES, 1945. heavy overburden, however, made it impractical to continue this work at present and it was decided to work on the Alma showings. Old trenches in the soda-granite on the Alma claim were cleaned out and a long trench was extended in soda-granite 150 feet to the south. Another trench 200 feet long in albitite in this area exposed a shear. Although gold was panned in the shear at the surface it was not found in a shallow winze sunk on the shear. The soda-granite area was also tested by diamond-drilling. The first hole was drilled in a westerly direction from a set-up close to the road which leads to the camp. It was in albitite to 425 feet, soda-granite to 675 feet, and in greenstone to the end of the hole at 1,059 feet. A quartz vein was intersected at 616 feet in the soda-granite. A second hole is being drilled but information on it has not been made available yet. During 1945 the average number of men employed was two. (50° 122° N.W.) Company office, 602 Rogers Building, Vancouver, Pinebrayle Gold B.C.; T. C. Botterill, Manager; V. Dolmage, Consulting Engineer. Mines, Ltd. This company was formed to acquire and develop a group of thirty-one claims extending along Cadwallader Creek on the western boundary of the Bralorne holdings. The initial programme included surveying, general prospecting, and trenching. One drill-hole, drilled in a direction south 30 degrees west for 1,250 feet at minus 47 degrees about half a claim-length south of the Alma showing on Grull Wihksne ground, passed througth argillaceous and cherty sedimentary rocks into intrusive rocks. (50° 122° N.W.) Company office, 140 Stock Exchange Building, Van- Bridge River couver, B.C.; mine office, Gold Bridge, B.C.; C. Rutherford, Consult- Consolidated ing Engineer; H. L. Hill, engineer in charge of operations. Capital: Gold Mines, Ltd. 4,500,000 shares, $1 par; issued 2,761,131. This company owns and is exploring the property of the same name located on the Hurley River above its confluence with the Bridge River. A major programme was started in 1944 to explore the diorite-belt lying adjacent to the serpentine exposed on both sides of the Hurley River on the Ural and Forty Thieves claims. A pilot road was built with great difficulty and at considerable expense through rock-slides and rough terrain to a point below the almost inaccessible outcrop of the Forty Thieves vein. This vein crops out on the precipitous cliffs on the east bank of the Hurley River. By the end of 1944 three diamond-drill holes, directed at the Whynot and Jewess veins, were completed. The programme was continued throughout 1945. The road was extended about 300 feet, making it 3,300 feet long from the B.R.X. Arizona adit to the portal of the new B.R. Consolidated Ural adit. This adit is collared about 50 feet above the Hurley River in crushed rock under a shallow mantle of slide material. The condition of the ground around the portal made it necessary to put in a substantial cribbing 120 feet long and 20 feet high above and on both sides of the portal. The adit was advanced 123 feet through crushed surface rock, serpentine, and greenstone by using a portable compressor. To obtain information prerequisite to driving this adit and to the proposed drilling programme from underground, eleven holes, totalling 4,742 feet and located at intervals along the Hurley River, were drilled on the Ural claim. The diorite-serpentine contact was found to strike north 15 degrees west and to dip 65 degrees to the west; that is, under the Hurley River. Holes which intersected the Forty Thieves vein showed subcommercial values. A 3,000-foot power-line leads from the main Bridge River power-supply at Brexton to a new 500-cubic-foot compressor which was set up close to the portal of the Ural adit. METAL-MINING (LODE). A 87 This unit will expedite greatly the underground development programme. During 1945 the average number of men employed was nine. (50° 122° N.W.) Company office, 616 Stock Exchange Building, Van- B.R.X. Mines, couver, B.C. Capital: 5,000,000 shares, 50 cents par; issued, 3,850,000. Ltd. The company owns and is developing the property of the same name lying along the east side of the Hurley River above the town of Gold Bridge. E. R. Shepherd is in charge of the development programme. To date this programme has consisted of diamond-drilling. During 1945 the California adit, located at the edge of the highway south of the main camp, was cleaned out and retimbered. A compressor was moved up from the portal of the Arizona adit and housed on the California waste-dump. Power to run it was obtained from the British Columbia Electric Railway Company's power-line which passes close by. A station was then cut at the end of the California adit and four steep drill-holes, striking from south 80 degrees west to south 40 degrees west, were fanned out to test the California vein and adjacent ground at depth. Hole No. 1 was drilled at minus 84% degrees for 925 feet; hole No. 2 was drilled at minus 74 degrees for 1,023 feet; hole No. 3 was lost at 279 feet; and hole No. 4 was not completed at time of writing. These holes all intersected alternate bands of greenstone and diorite. During 1945, 3,297 feet of diamond-drilling and 23 feet of raising were done. The average number of men employed was five. The Bridge River Exploration, Limited, has taken an option on a group Paymuck. of claims on Marshall Ridge, about 5 miles north-west of Rexmount P.O. Some tunnelling and trenching was done on several showings at an elevation of about 4,800 feet. Mineralized outcrops were discovered in 1944 on the ridge near the old Summit workings by L. J. Russell, a grantee under the " War-time Prospectors' Grub-stake Act." The Summit showings are described in the Summary Report of the Geological Survey of Canada for 1912. (50° 122° N.W.) This is a company incorporated by the Quebec Gold Pacific (Eastern) Mining Corporation (offices, 184 Bay Street, Toronto, Ont., and 148 Gold Mines, Ltd. Royal Bank Building, Vancouver, B.C.; Col. Rainville, President; F. C. Buckland, Consulting Engineer) to acquire title to and to continue development of the Pacific Eastern group of claims lying on both sides of Cadwallader Creek above the Pioneer mine. Additional ground in this area was acquired also. A geological survey was made of the ground held and the information obtained was plotted on maps and sections on a scale of 300 feet to the inch. Drilling was started then to check the developed theories and to gain further information. The first hole was collared on the south side of Cadwallader Creek about 1 mile above the camp buildings. It was drilled north 27 degrees east at minus 45 degrees to check formations in the regional anticline but it was lost at 220 feet while it was still in bouldery overburden. A second hole was collared on the opposite limb of the fold and was directed downwards at south 37 degrees west towards the axis of the fold but was lost in a fault at 438 feet after passing through a band of serpentine which lies on the hanging-wall of the greenstone on this limb of the fold. The third hole was given the same attitude as the second but was started off with a 6-inch casing and, after much difficulty, was drilled to the greenstone which was separated from the serpentine by a narrow band of conglomerate. The greenstone and the serpentine are abundantly mineralized with pyrite. During 1945 a total of 1,398 feet of diamond-drilling was done. The old workings are being cleaned out preparatory to starting an extensive shaft-sinking and crosscutting programme at depth. A 88 REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF MINES, 1945. (50° 122° N.W.) Company office, 102 Pacific Building, Vancouver, Minto Gold Mines, B.C. Capital: 4,000,000 shares, no par value; issued, 3,800,000 Ltd. shares; under option, 200,000. A detailed description of this prop erty is given in the Annual Report of the Minister of Mines for 1936. Since that report was written, the shaft has been sunk 347 feet farther and the 700 level has been opened up. Also, a station was cut at the 600-level horizon. The last of the treasury stock was sold in 1944, and the HiWay Construction Company, of Spokane, Washington, was employed to do some surface drilling. After failure to get the desired results from the surface drilling done in 1944, it was decided to move the drill underground. Accordingly, a gasoline compressor was set up and the shaft was unwatered to the 600-level station. The seven holes drilled are described briefly from information submitted by W. Davidson, who directed the drilling. The first hole was drilled to a depth of 501 feet in a direction north 32 degrees west at minus 20 degrees from the 400-level shaft station. The second hole was drilled horizontally from the 500-level station in a direction north 74 degrees east for 75 feet. It was in the greenstone which occurs below the east-west fault cut by the shaft below the 400 level. The third hole was drilled from the 500-level station in a direction north 36 degrees east for 116 feet at minus 34 degrees. It cut greenstone and was stopped at a flat fault indicated in the bottom of the shaft. The next four holes were all drilled from the 600-level station. The fourth went north 75 degrees east at minus 74 degrees for 400 feet. It passed through sedimentary rocks below the flat fault. The fifth went north 80 degrees east at about minus 50 degrees for 460 feet. It cut the lead in greenstone just above the flat fault and then entered serpentine below the fault. The lead was so close to the fault that it was badly broken and core recovery was poor. The sixth hole was drilled for 168 feet in a direction south 71 degrees west at minus 72 degrees. It revealed a duplication of surface formations. The seventh hole was drilled north 60 degrees east at minus 60 degrees for 547 feet. It passed into serpentine below the flat fault but entered what appeared to be brecciated greenstone and talcose stringers in the last 20 feet. (50° 122° N.W.) Company office, 744 Hastings Street West, Vancou- Olympic Gold ver, B.C.; G. S. Eldridge, President. Capital: 1,500,000 shares, no Mines, Ltd. par value; issued, 924,903. This company owns the Olympic group of claims on the south side of the Bridge River opposite Minto. The property is fully described in the Annual Report of the Minister of Mines for 1934 and further work is noted in the report for 1935. Since then the property has been idle until the present programme of diamond-drilling was begun early in 1945. Several drill-holes were put down, from a point on the surface adjacent to the lower adit, to explore the shear at shallow depth. It is reported that one or two interesting intersections were obtained. The drill was then moved underground and a series of holes laid out to intersect the shear from the end of the lower adit. A short crosscut was also driven and a shaft collared at the end of it 75 feet above an interesting intersection obtained in drilling from the surface. The work is being done by Keyes Construction under the supervision of J. H. Marshall. Hillstake Mining Co.— (50° 122° N.W.) This company owns some thirty-one claims that include the ground of the Reliance property on the south side of the Bridge River, opposite the Congress mine. During 1945 one man did 50 feet of crosscutting for E. R. Shepherd. METAL-MINING (LODE). A 89 (50° 122° N.W.) Capital: 4,000,000 shares, $1 par; issued 3,096,839. Congress Gold This company owns and is developing the Congress mine which lies Mines, Ltd. between Gun Creek and Bridge River a short distance south-west of Minto P.O. The property is described fully in the Annual Report of the Minister of Mines for 1936. Intermittent prospecting since then has resulted in the discovery of some interesting ore occurrences along the Gun Creek slope. The present programme of the company calls for a 500-foot winze on the vein from the old hoist-chamber site on the third level. During 1945 a compressor-house, blacksmith-shop, change-house, office, pump-house, and tank were built. The compressor is a well-installed 500-cubic-foot Ingersoll-Rand machine which is belt-driven from a rebuilt 100-horse-power motor. Power is obtained from the British Columbia Electric Company's power-line which runs close to the plant. The portal of the third level was cleaned out and retimbered. The bottom was taken up for a distance of several hundred feet from the portal and new track was laid to the winze-site. At the time of writing the rope raise for the winze is being completed. B. W. W. McDougall is consultant and E. Hansen is in charge at the mine. (50° 122° N.W.) Company office, 410 Seymour Street, Vancouver, Pilot Gold Mines, B.C.; A. B. Wing, President and General Manager; J. H. Marshall, Ltd. Foreman. Capital: 3,000,000 shares, no par value; issued, 2,450,000. This company has done some development-work on the Pilot mine on the west side of Gun Lake. The property is described in the Annual Report of the Minister of Mines for 1934 and subsequent work is noted in the 1935 and 1936 reports. After the 300-level crosscut was stopped in 1937, a diamond-drill hole passed through several feet of quartz about 33 feet ahead of the face. In 1945 the crosscut was advanced 109 feet to investigate this occurrence. In the vicinity of the drill-hole intersection it entered a zone of altered diorite in which small quartz stringers were numerous. Apparently the diamond-drill had passed along one of the stringers. This zone was drifted on for 40 feet towards Gun Lake. Work done in 1945 consisted of unwatering the shaft, erecting a new head-frame, and driving 109 feet of crosscut and 40 feet of drift. Drifting had to be discontinued when the water-supply in Walker Creek became too low to run the 200-horse-power Pelton plant, with the result that the shaft could not be kept unwatered. (50° 122° N.W.) Company office, 503-6 Rogers Building, Vancouver, Golden Ledge B.C.; J. S. Harrison, President; J. Graham, Foreman. This is a Syndicate. private syndicate which owns and is doing intermittent work on its group of twenty-one Crown-granted claims which straddle the Hurley River below its confluence with Cadwallader Creek. The property has been opened up by five levels lying between the highway and the Hurley River. The bottom level, about 80 feet above the river, is the one on which work has been done in 1945. A drift following north-westerly along a quartz lead lying along or close to a contact between greenstone and sedimentary rocks was advanced about 150 feet. It is intended to advance the drift to intersect an easterly- striking vein exposed on the inaccessible banks of the river. (50° 122° N.W.) This company owned the Holland group of claims New Holland Gold lying north-west of Pioneer and south-east of Bralorne mines. It is Mines, Ltd. understood that a 60-per cent, interest was given to the Santiago Mines, Limited, on condition that that company, which is associated with the Silver Slipper Mining Company of Ontario, does at least 10,000 feet of diamond-drilling within the next two years. A drilling contract was given to Keyes Construction Company which started the first hole before the end of 1945. This is reported to be a vertical hole close to the north-west boundary of Pioneer. A 90 REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF MINES, 1945. Guichon Mine, Ltd. Copper. STUMP LAKE-* Consolidated Nicola Goldfields, Ltd.—(50° 120° S.E.) This mine is at Stump Lake, 2 miles west of the Kamloops-Merritt Highway and 30 miles from Merritt. Mining, suspended on December 9th, 1942, was not resumed during 1945. A caretaker resides at the property. NICOLA LAKE.* Copper. (50° 120° S.W.) James D. Ferguson, Manager, Merritt, B.C. This company was formed late in 1945 to acquire and work the Frinsbury group of mineral claims, 2 miles south-west of Quilchena and 12 miles east of Merritt. Work was done on the Ensign claim where a shaft and an adit-level were developed. A level was driven in a north-westerly direction for 40 feet from the bottom of the shaft which is 11 feet by 6 feet and 65 feet deep. An adit-level, 400 feet south-east of the shaft, was extended westerly into the hillside and on November 21st was in 60 feet. A diamond-drilling programme began about the end of November. A small portable compressor provides power for running a drifter. A compressor- room and a storeroom were erected during November. Five men were employed. No camp-site has been provided yet and the workmen are transported daily to and from their homes at Merritt. COPPER MOUNTAIN.* Copper. (49° 120° S.W.) Julian B. Beaty, President, New York, N.Y.; A. S, Baillie, Vice-President and General Manager, Copper Mountain, B.C.; W. I. Nelson, Assistant General Manager, Copper Mountain, B.C.; Robert S. Douglas, Mine Superintendent; J. McMynn, Assistant Mine Superintendent; Ed. Foy, Mine Foreman. Capital: 600,000 shares, $5 par; issued, 450,260.65. A steam electric-power plant in Princeton supplies power to the concentrator at Allenby, 3 to 4 miles south of Princeton, and to the mine at Copper Mountain, 12 miles south of Princeton. A branch line of the Kettle Valley Railway, from Princeton connects the mine and the concentrator. The mine and concentrator have been in continuous operation since work was resumed in 1937, following a suspension of several years. Surface elevation at the mine is about 4,000 feet. The main development of the mine is by two adit-levels, No. 2 and No. 6, and two vertical shafts. The No. 1, or main shaft, handling all men and all supplies for the upper part of the mine, extends from the surface to the No. 6, or main haulage, level. The shaft is timbered with 10- by 10-inch British Columbia fir. It is closed to the levels by doors beyond the shaft-stations to assist in controlling ventilation. No. 2 shaft is used principally for hoisting ore but, until the 7th and 8th level service raise is completed, it will continue to be used for all men and supplies for these lower levels. All the ore is passed to No. 6 level. The ore is taken out in Granby type cars, hauled by electric trolley locomotives, to the crusher located near the portal of No. 6 level. After crushing, the ore is transported by railway to the concentrator at Allenby, 8 miles distant. No. 7 and No. 8 levels received very little development during 1945. Most of the work done on these levels was the drawing of ore mined in some of the upper workings. A diamond-drill system of mining, chiefly developed at Copper Mountain during 1944, now has displaced entirely the former percussion-drill methods. This new method has been called the Horadiam method, the name being derived from a composition of horizontal, radial, and diamond. The drilling is from raises within the ore, thus eliminating the hazards to which miners were exposed when drilling from beneath Granby Consolidated Mining, Smelting, and Power Co., Ltd. * By E. R. Hughes. METAL-MINING (LODE). A 91 the ore-body. Another important advantage with regard to the increased safety of workmen is a reduction in the amount of dust resulting from drilling. All blast-hole diamond-drilling is done by the T. Connors Diamond Drilling Company, Limited, who, at the end of 1945, had thirty-three men employed at Copper Mountain. A total of 320,325 feet of blast-hole diamond-drilling was done in 1945. Drifters are still used for development-work but experiments are being made in using diamond-drills in drift development. Another new mining practice being developed is the use of slusher-drifts in place of grizzlies which were extensively used at this mine. Four 50-horse-power electric slusher hoists and scrapers were installed during 1945. Most sections being prepared for stoping are being developed to use slusher hoists and scrapers for transferring ore. In special instances, however, where this method is not practicable, broken ore will have to be passed through a system of grizzlies. Two distinct safety features are obtained in slusher-drift ore-transfer over the former grizzly method; plugging of large rocks is done on solid ground instead of over an open grizzly and a positive system of ventilation is attained more easily. A ventilation raise is driven at the end of each slusher-drift, and the upper end of the raise is provided with an auxiliary fan so that dust and smoke from scraping and blasting are carried away quickly. Development during 1945 consisted of 3,019 feet of drifting, 7,799 feet of sinking, 3,584 feet of diamond-drilling, and the building of nine chutes and eight grizzlies. There were no major additions to surface-plant equipment. Compressed air is furnished by three Ingersoll-Rand compressors and one Sullivan compressor, the four units having a total capacity of 8,600 cubic feet per minute. Underground ventilation was well maintained generally, although there were instances where the ample volume of air available was not used to best advantage. Inadequate ventilation at the inside end of No. 6 level and in the No. 928 block was remedied before the end of 1945. Fresh air enters the mine through the old glory-holes and ventilation raises, whence the fans force it to stopes and other working-places and thence outside. Ventilation doors with sliding panels are placed in the drifts and crosscuts to control and regulate the air. Both shafts are upcast and are closed to the levels. The potential capacity of the five fans in use on the various levels is 204,000 cubic feet of air per minute. The company employs a safety engineer and the Copper Mountain Mine Safety Promotion Committee meets once a month to discuss the prevention of accidents. The committee consists of elected workmen and company officials. Monthly tours of inspection of mine-workings, plant, shops, accommodation, etc., are made by the committee and their recommendations are discussed at the subsequent monthly meeting. The Labour-Management Committee also meets monthly and problems relating to production and future operations are discussed. An emergency hospital with the customary equipment and supplies, including a supply of blood plasma, is maintained at the mine for the treatment of injured workmen. A trained nurse and an industrial first-aid attendant are on hand at all times. In addition to the provision made in 1944 for aluminium-dust therapy for underground workers, similar provision has now been made for the surface crew. For the accommodation of employees there are eighty company houses, 161 private houses, three bunk-houses, a staff-house, and a girls' dormitory. These latter five buildings have a total of 138 two-bed rooms and thirteen single rooms. The buildings are provided with lavatories and the rooms are furnished with steel single beds. All bunk-house bedding is supplied by the company. A charge of $1.10-per day is made for board, and the charge for a room in a bunk-house is $6.50 per month. A doctor visits the Copper Mountain Camp twice a week and also is available in emergencies. Before the war-time shortage of doctors, one resided at the mine camp. A 92 REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF MINES, 1945. The Princeton General Hospital is 12 miles from the mine and the company maintains an ambulance for transporting sick or injured persons to the doctor or hospital. A decrease in labour turnover was noted in 1945 compared with recent years. A decided increase in the number of men available was noticed after the middle of October. The company's pay-roll, covering all operations, showed an average of 482 employees for 1945. At the mine, exclusive of townsite, staff, and diamond-drill crew, 251 men were employed at the end of 1945; of these, 168 were employed underground. The mine, mill, and power plant were operated continuously throughout 1945. Ore milled in 1945 amounted to 785,629 tons, yielding 14,013,705 lb. of copper, 88,717 oz. of silver, and 4,309 oz. of gold. HEDLEY.* Gold. (49° 119° S.W.) A. McLeod, Superintendent. This small mine is on Apex. Independence Mountain, at an elevation of about 7,000 feet, approxi mately 6 miles east of the Nickel Plate mine. It consists of a shaft 120 feet deep and a connecting level 210 feet long. The property had been idle for some years until it was optioned recently by R. Hunstone and A. McLeod, who did some stoping from the side of the old shaft during the fall of 1945. The ore was transported by truck to Hedley for shipment by the Great Northern Railway to the Tacoma smelter. Four men were employed. (49° 119° S.W.) T. C. Botterill, Consulting Engineer; M. J. St. Clair, Hedley Monarch Mine Superintendent. Capital: 3,000,000 shares, 50 cents par; issued, Gold Mines, Ltd. 1,000,000. During the fall of 1945 this company began to reopen and explore the property of the old Gold Valley Mines, Limited, near Olalla, about 4 miles from Keremeos. On November 20th work was being done on the Something Good section of the property where there are three adit-drifts, known as the No. 1, Intermediate, and No. 2 levels. Three men were cleaning out a cave and retimbering the No. 2 level. No camp had been provided and the workmen lived in Olalla. (49° 120° S.E.) Capital: 3,000,000 shares, 50 cents par; issued, Hedley 2,527,508. After being inactive for several years, this company Amalgamated resumed exploration during the fall of 1945 when three men, under the Gold Mines, Ltd. direction of W. G. Norrie-Loewenthal, began a programme of surface diamond-drilling. On October 17th one hole had been drilled and preparations were being made for drilling a second hole from above the Upper adit on the southern slope of Stemwinder mountain, about 2 miles north-west of Hedley. By the end of 1945 a total of 700 feet of diamond-drilling had been done. (49° 120° S.E.) Company office, 908 Royal Bank Building, Vancouver, Hedley Mascot B.C.; mine office, Hedley, B.C.; R. G. McCuish, President; W. S. Gold Mines, Ltd. Charlton, Vice-President; Wm. Paterson, Secretary-Treasurer; V. J. Creeden, General Manager; C. W. S. Tremaine, Resident Manager; J. C. S. Moore, Mine Foreman. Capital: 3,000,000 shares, $1 par; issued, 2,264,130. This company operated the Mascot mine, 1 mile north of Hedley, and did development- work on the Good Hope property. The concentrator and mine offices of the Hedley Mascot are on the east bank of Hedley Creek and the mine camp is on the side of Nickel Plate Mountain. The ore is transported by an aerial tramway, 5,600 feet long, from an ore-bin at the mine to the mill. The two ore-skips have a capacity of 2 tons each. The mine has been developed by an 8- by 8-foot adit, 2,500 feet long, known as the 4800 level; this is the main-haulage level. All the ore is passed to the 4800 level and is hauled out by battery-type electric locomotives. The 4300 level is the lowest level * By E. R. Hughes. METAL-MINING (LODE). A 93 being used, and ore from it is hoisted up the No. 2 tramway to the 4800 level. Two 3y2-ton Atlas battery locomotives and one Mancha trammer provide transportation underground. The workings of this mine are connected to the workings of the adjacent Nickel Plate mine at several points underground; these connections are open, thus permitting a joint ventilation system. During months when natural ventilation is inadequate, a 48-inch Jeffrey propellor-type fan in the 4800 level assists the natural air-current. The main developments during 1945 were the continued advance on the 3700 level and the beginning of a new underground incline. The 3700 level was advanced 1,850 feet during 1945. The new incline, starting from the surface at an elevation of 2,700 feet, is 15 feet wide, 7% feet high, and rises at 24 degrees. The incline will be 2,000 feet long and will connect with the 3700 level. Frequent rock-slides in Climax Canyon caused damage to the new No. 4 surface tramway servicing the 3700 level. On October 25th a rock-slide carried out about 1,500 feet of track and compressed-air line. Because of this the surface tramway was abandoned and an aerial tramway, known as the No. 6, was put into operation in November. This tram transports men and materials from the 4300 level to the new development on the 3700 level. The mill was operated throughout 1945 at an average rate of 185 tons per day. Average number of men employed underground was fifty and on the surface eighty-five. Development-work done in 1945 included 2,451 feet of drifting and crosscutting, 1,121 feet of raising, and 17,260 feet of diamond-drilling. A total of 56,481 tons of ore was mined and 56,503 tons was milled, yielding 16,708 oz. of gold, 3,823 oz. of silver, and some copper. (49° 120° S.E.) This property is about 4 miles south-east of Hedley, Good Hope. and during 1945 it was operated by the Hedley Mascot Gold Mines, Limited. Open-cut work was continued and an adit-level 70 feet long was driven. A new road, connecting the property with the old Green Mountain Road, was completed. This enables ore to be transported by motor-truck from the property to the former Canty ore-bin, above the Mascot mine, whence it is conveyed by tramway to the mine bins. A total of 1,700 tons of ore was produced and shipped to the Mascot mill for treatment. The crew, in charge of J. Lyons, comprised five workmen and a cook. Work was suspended in November for the winter. (49° 120° S.E.) Company office, 75 West Street, New York, N.Y.; Nickel Plate Mine,mine office, Hedley, B.C.; W. A. Kissam, Chairman; Sewell T. Tyng, Kelowna Explora- President; John W. Mercer, Vice-President; R. Emmel, Secretary; tion Co., Ltd. J. C. Hammel, Treasurer; Wm. C. Douglass, General Manager; F. A. McGonigle, Manager; Alex. Shaak, Mine Superintendent. This is a private company operating the Nickel Plate mine. The mill, machine-shops, and general offices are at Hedley. The mine is at an elevation of 5,600 feet, four miles north of the town of Hedley. The transportation system up the side of Nickel Plate Mountain is in two sections; a 10,000-foot tramway from the ore-bin at the mill is operated with skips having a capacity of 6 tons each. The portal of the mine is 1% miles north of the top of the upper terminal of the gravity tramway; an electric trolley system hauls the ore from the mine to this terminal. The Nickel Plate mine is connected underground at several points with the Hedley Mascot mine, and as the upper outlets of the Nickel Plate are approximately 2,000 feet higher than the lowest outlet of the Mascot, there is a motive column of sufficient magnitude to provide adequate natural ventilation during most of the year. However, there are times when the air is almost stagnant in some of the large stopes of the upper Nickel Plate workings. ' A 94 REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF MINES, 1945. Development during 1945 consisted of 3,431 feet of drifting and raising and 16,546 feet of diamond-drilling. There were no major developments in either surface or underground operations. At the mill one 14- by 14-foot drum-type Northern Foundry filter was installed to increase the separation of gold solution from the cyanide tails and the depressant lime and cyanide from the flotation feed. Three 16- by 14-foot Dorr-type agitators were installed to increase contact time and aeration of the cyanide pulp. Compressed air for the mine and mill is provided by four compressors, two at Hedley and two underground at the mine. Of the two compressors at Hedley, one is a C.I.R.-RE-2 air-compressor of 1,800 cubic feet of free air per minute capacity, direct connected to a 440-horse-power synchronous motor; and the other is a C.I.R. Class BB-3-D compressor of 1,800 cubic feet of free air per minute capacity, belt-driven by a 400-horse-power slip-ring motor. The underground compressed-air installations are auxiliary to the larger surface plant and cut in only when increased power is required. Of the underground compressors, one is a C.I.R.-PRE-2, having a capacity of 500 cubic feet of free air per minute, and is direct connected to a 100-horse-power synchronous motor; the other unit is a Sullivan WN 32 of 500 cubic feet of free air per minute capacity, belt-driven from a 100-horse-power slip-ring motor. Regular inspections of the surface and underground are made by the Safety First Committee, composed of representatives of the miners' union and the management. Aluminium-dust therapy is available to both underground and surface employees. The labour shortage experienced during 1944 was remedied gradually and during the latter part of 1945 the crew was back to full strength. On November 30th 206 men were employed, eighty-two underground and 124 on the surface. The average total crew for 1945 was 183. A total of 99,383 tons of ore was mined and milled, yielding 34,582 oz. of gold, 1,494 oz. of silver, and some copper. „ „ CAMP McKINNEY.* Gold. (49° 119° S.E.) This property at Camp McKinney was operated Cariboo-Amelia, under lease by Ed. Wanke, Olaf Johnson, Roy and John Hallstrom, and E. A. Aim, of Rock Creek, B.C. The property is equipped with a small complete mining plant. Early in 1945 the mine was unwatered to the No. 2 level, which is 165 feet below the collar of the main shaft. The shaft was repaired and reconditioned, and ore was mined from above this level. Pumping equipment includes a 55-horse-power Petter Diesel and a 75-k.v.a. generator which produces current for a 2-stage centrifugal pump, with a capacity of 180 gallons per minute, driven by a 25-horse-power motor. A total of 306 tons was mined and shipped to Trail. This yielded 144 oz. of gold, 363 oz. of silver, and 5,316 lb. of lead. BEAVERDELL.* Silver-lead. (49° 119° S.E.) Company offices, Creston, B.C.; mine office, Beaver- Highland Bell, dell, B.C.; R. V. Staples, Managing Director; A. B. Staples, Mine Ltd. Manager. Capital: 1,500,000 shares, $1 par; issued, 1,315,856. The company owns and operates the Highland Bell mine on Wallace Mountain, 4 miles from Beaverdell. The property was operated continuously throughout 1945, with the exception of two weeks in July and a month in the last part of August and the first part of September. A crew of from twenty to twenty-seven men was employed. On the surface, the old camp near the mine-workings was abandoned and a complete new camp, consisting of bunk-house, cook-house, and dry-room, as well as * By H. C. Hughes. METAL-MINING (LODE). A 95 a manager's residence and a house for the master mechanic, was built in Beaverdell. The new camp is modern in every respect, and the men are transported daily from it to the mine. Underground development-work was practically all confined to No. 8 level and consisted of 300 feet of drifting, 210 feet of crosscutting, 139 feet of raising, and 2,600 feet of diamond-drilling. As a result of this work the downward continuation of the ore from the levels above was found beyond a fault whose throw was considerably greater than had been encountered anywhere else in the mine. No major purchase of new equipment was made during 1945. A total of 1,164 tons was mined and shipped to Trail. This yielded 54 oz. of gold, 218,077 oz. of silver, and 97,807 lb. of lead. GREENWOOD-GRAND FORKS.* „ ,, Wellington Camp. Gold. (49° 118° S.W.) This property, in the Wellington Camp near Athelstan. Phoenix, is owned by W. E. McArthur, of Greenwood. During the summer of 1945 a development programme 'was undertaken with an average of two men employed. Eight diamond-drill holes, totalling 500 feet, the longest of which was 137 feet, had been completed when a breakdown in the machinery, together with the approach of winter, necessitated postponement of work until next year, 1946. Some encouraging results were obtained. „ ,, Jewel Lake. Gold. (49° 118° S.W.) Company office, 572 Howe Street, Vancouver, B.C.; Dentonia Mines, mine office, Greenwood, B.C. Capital: 2,500,000 shares, no par value; Ltd. issued, 1,716,600. This company owns and operates the Dentonia mine at Jewel Lake, 8 miles from Greenwood. The mine was reopened as a company operation in June, 1945, with a crew averaging five men, after having been worked by lessees for several years. Twelve men were employed under the direction of Godfrey T. Johnson. Two new camp buildings, a bunk-house 24 by 30 feet and a cook-house of the same size, were built, as well as a blacksmith-shop, carbide-house, fuse-house, and powder-house. In addition to diamond-drilling equipment, an electrically driven compressor and complete mining equipment have been purchased. Power is to be obtained from the West Kootenay Power and Light Company, and all transmission-lines for power and light have been installed. The telephone-line has also been put in service. Diamond-drilling was undertaken and some 1,200 feet of hole completed from the surface and underground. Information obtained has led to preparations for additional diamond-drilling and tunnel-work to explore further the ore occurrences encountered. Central Camp. Gold. (49° 118° S.W.) This property in the Central Camp, about 8 miles Number Seven, from Greenwood, was operated under lease by W. E. McArthur, of Greenwood. Two men were employed for a month on surface- trenching in an effort to trace the vein down the hill from the original workings. The argillite-serpentine contact in which the ore occurs in the old workings was found some 1,800 feet distant but did not contain ore where uncovered. A small amount of similar work was done at the north end of the property with the same result. Three men did a limited amount of development-work from the bottom of the underhand stope below the lower level. A total of 36 tons was mined and shipped to Trail. This yielded 3 oz. of gold and 253 oz. of silver. * By H. C. Hughes. A 96 REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF MINES, 1945. Silver-gold. Greenwood. (49° 118° S.W.) This property, about 1% miles north of Greenwood, Providence. was operated continuously throughout 1945 under lease by W. E. McArthur, of Greenwood. From five to nine men were employed. The property is equipped with a complete electrically driven mining plant. Development-work included 1,500 feet of diamond-drilling, 80 feet of raising, and 150 feet of drifting. An attempt was made to find extensions of the old ore-body by diamond- drilling but this proved unsuccessful. All ore recovered during 1945 was from pillars and stope remnants, and mining operations were in the nature of salvage. A total of 311 tons was mined and shipped to Trail. This yielded 98 oz. of gold, 29,560 oz. of silver, and some lead and zinc. ROSSLAND* Gold. Mount Roberts. Midnight.— (49° 117° S.W.) This property, on Mount Roberts, is owned and operated by B. A. Lins and associates, of Rossland. It is equipped with a small complete mining plant. (49° 117° S.W.) This property, adjoining the Midnight, was operated I.X.L. under lease by C. Jorgensen, of Rossland, and is equipped with a small complete mining plant. A small amount of development-work was done and a total of 25 tons was mined and shipped to Trail. This yielded 18 oz. of gold and 28 oz. of silver. _ „ Red Mountain. Gold. (49° 117° S.W.) Charles Kenney, Manager and Secretary, Box 1512, Gertrude Gold Rossland, B.C. This company has an option on the Gertrude Mineral Mining Co., Ltd. Claim on Red Mountain, adjoining the Number One owned by the Consolidated Mining and Smelting Company of Canada. Permission has been obtained from the Consolidated Mining and Smelting Company of Canada to use the Number One adit and to extend this to explore showings on the Gertrude at depth. An electrically driven single-stage Gardner-Denver compressor has been installed underground and the adit has been advanced about 125 feet. Three men have been engaged in the work. NELSON. Eagle Creek.+ Gold. (49° 117° S.E.) Mine office, Box 390, Nelson, B.C.; B. Brynelsen, Granite-Poorman, General Manager; W. S. Hamilton, Manager; A. C. Skerl, Geologist. Kenville Gold This company is a subsidiary of Quebec Gold Mining Corporation, Mines, Ltd. 184 Bay Street, Toronto. This company acquired during the winter of 1944-45 a large tract of ground on the northern slopes of Toad Mountain, west and south of Nelson. The ground lies south of the Kootenay River, between Fortynine Creek and the watershed of Giveout Creek. The holdings include fifty-four Crown-granted and eighty-five located claims. The properties taken over include the Granite-Poorman, Venango, Royal Canadian, Nevada, Eureka, Venus-Juno, and Athabaska, to name the better known. Work for the season was concentrated on the Granite-Poorman but, in addition, all adit-portals on other claims were cleaned out, except those which were seriously caved, and surveys were made of most of the accessible workings. Headquarters were set up in the Granite-Poorman buildings, * By H. C. Hughes. t By M. S. Hedley and H. C. Hughes. METAL-MINING (LODE). A 97 and an active programme of development was carried out, starting with diamond- drilling and including drifting when equipment became available later in the year. This is one of the oldest properties in the district. A 10-stamp mill was erected close to the Kootenay River in 1889 and ore was transported to it by aerial tram. Since 1900 the property has changed hands seven times and between 1904 and 1929 it was worked almost exclusively by lessees. In 1932 the property was acquired by Livingstone Mining Company (H. R. Smith, manager), who operated intermittently until 1944. In 1933 the old mill was dismantled and was reassembled with some additions below what is now the 2570 adit-level. Past recorded production from all veins of the group to the end of 1944 reached a total of 127,421 tons, from which 47,043 oz. of gold, 16,635 oz. of silver, 3,488 lb. of copper, and 6,253 lb. of lead were recovered. Bed-rock is very poorly exposed throughout the area and timber cover is heavy. Most of the early prospecting along Eagle Creek was done by ground-sluicing in areas of no outcrop. A new vein was discovered on the Venango in recent years by this method. The Granite-Poorman veins are in dioritic rock. This rock, evidently a near- contact variant of the granite, is locally gneissose, and variations in composition and texture are probably due to assimilation. It is intrusive into greenstone, which is for the most part massive, but is locally banded. The five principal veins of the Granite-Poorman include, from east to west, the Beelzebub, Granite, Greenhorn, Poorman, and Hardscrabble, in a horizontal distance of about 1,700 feet. They are all alike in that they strike north 10 to 30 degrees west, have an average dip of about 45 degrees north-east, and range in width from an inch or so to a maximum of about 6 feet of quartz. They are mineralized with pyrite and chalcopyrite chiefly but also contain minor amounts of galena, scheelite, sphalerite, and some visible gold; rich pockets of visible gold are reported from earlier operations; pink feldspar is a local constituent of the veins. Reports are that pockets of free gold occurred at intervals and that consequently the yield of the vein was greater than that indicated by sampling. The present company installed a sorting plant in order to check the value of shipments against that of sampling during the course of development-work. The veins vary greatly in width, attitude, and in character of the quartz. The dip of a vein may range from 20 to 75 degrees with no dip apparently more favourable for ore than another. The veins are in weak fault-zones, part of a pattern of fracturing of the diorite. The hanging-wall of each vein has moved upward and southward a distance that is not known, but must be small because the vein-fissures appear to play out locally. A characteristic of the veins is the presence of flatter offshoots, principally in the foot-wall, which strike northward or a few degrees east of north. Whereas the main veins are for the most part free-walled and are accompanied by a gouge selvedge, the flatter offshoots are frozen to the walls. The offshoots are tension cracks. A second or co-ordinate direction of shearing is represented by rare veinlets which dip south-westward at about 40 degrees. The ore-bodies rake to the south, as is shown by the stope boundaries and by individual ore-shoots within the stopes. The rake is the locus of intersection of flatter tension cracks with the steeper shears. Workings beneath the ore-bodies show narrow and somewhat erratic quartz; the tops of the ore-bodies in accessible stopes show zones of fracturing of considerable irregularity. The veins are cut by faults and by post-mineral lamprophyre dykes, many of which are accompanied by faults. Slicing faults of steep dip drop the eastern block downward as much as 50 feet in the Hardscrabble vein. The largest fault dips 50 degrees northward and has produced an offset of the Granite and Greenhorn veins of about 300 feet to the left; this fault is seen also in the lower Beelzebub adit, and the Beelzebub vein has not been located beyond it at that level. A 98 REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF MINES, 1945. The ore-bodies were largely mined out by former operators and it is difficult to tell what average widths were mined. It is probable that the average was between 2 and 3 feet, although many parts of the old stopes are wider. In some instances it is plain that the overbreak was deliberate in order to mine for a few feet the narrow flatter foot-wall branches, particularly where these were numerous, and it is reported that these locally contained higher values than the main veins. The greatest width of vein in the stopes is reported to have been 8 feet, but that this was a single band of quartz seems doubtful. The Granite, Greenhorn, and Poorman veins are stoped out to the surface and the Hardscrabble vein appears to be largely stoped. A sub-level 210 feet below the 2750 level (old No. 4) on both Poorman and Hardscrabble veins is beneath the ore- zone on both veins, although some stoping has been done from intermediate levels beneath the 2750 level. The greatest length of stoping-ground, about 1,000 feet, was on the Poorman vein and the next greatest, about 900 feet, was on the Hardscrabble. On the Granite vein, stopes extended over a length of about 800 feet and on the Greenhorn vein about 400 feet. Some stoping was done also on the Beelzebub and on the Red Rock, which latter is probably the southerly continuation of the Granite vein, 600 feet to the south of the Granite surface workings. Two veins on the Venango have been opened up and a small amount of stoping was done on one of them in past years. These are similar to the Granite-Poorman veins and belong evidently to the same system of fracturing. The company drilled two holes from the bottom level of the Venango in search of the downward continuation of the Venango No. 1 vein, but the main attention was given to the Granite-Poorman veins. A number of holes were put down from surface in search of possible blind veins which might occur between those already known, and holes were drilled underground to test extensions of the known veins. In the first few surface holes the cores showed several narrow widths of quartz and also patches of disseminated chalcopyrite, of which some were accompanied by quartz or silicification. The diorite does not show everywhere what may be termed a normal texture but is in many places either gneissic or of a "streaky" nature; it is perhaps significant that the latter rock is apt to contain small amounts of chalcopyrite. Some of the banding or streakiness of the diorite is original and some probably owes its origin to post- intrusive shearing. A point worth checking is whether the chalcopyrite mineralization is a general characteristic of the diorite or whether it indicates the presence of veins which, at the points intersected, were weak and insignificant. The southerly rake of the ore-bodies at an angle between 15 and 30 degrees into the northerly sloping and locally steep hillside makes exploration difficult. The known ore-bodies occur at comparable levels on the Granite-Poorman veins and the downward continuations lie well into the hill. The property was visited in September, 1945. Development-work done in 1945 consists of 10,999 feet of diamond-drilling, about 40 per cent, of which was done from underground and the remainder from surface. The old mill adit, now known as the 257 level, was repaired and has been driven as a crosscut for 200 feet to its intersection with the Hardscrabble vein and as a drift for 600 feet along this vein. This working will be continued to connect with workings at the bottom of the old Hardscrabble winze. The 275 level, formerly the old No. 4 level of the Poorman, has been reconditioned and a crosscut has been driven some 200 feet from the Poorman vein eastward to develop a drill intersection between the Poorman and Granite veins. On the surface, the old Granite-Poorman mechanical equipment has been thoroughly overhauled and considerable additional equipment acquired. This includes a 350-cubic-foot Ingersoll-Rand semi-portable Diesel-driven compressor, a 210- foot Schramm gasoline-driven portable compressor, and an Ingersoll-Rand steel- sharpener and oil furnace. New underground equipment purchased included two METAL-MINING (LODE). A 99 Eimco loaders and two Mancha trammers. A complete sorting and sampling plant has been built in the old Granite-Poorman mill and so arranged that the old mill bins were utilized to good advantage. This plant consists of a grizzly above the main mill bin and a conveyer-belt which carries material from this bin to a sorting-belt which is so arranged that a great variation in speed is possible to facilitate the sorting of any type of ore. Chute and bin arrangements from the sorting-belt are also arranged so that either waste or ore may be sorted from the belts and fines kept separate from the rest of the material, making the whole plant quite flexible. The lower part of the mill has been utilized for a blacksmith and steel-sharpening shop while another intermediate section has been converted into a modern sanitary change-house accommodating about forty men. The office is being remodelled and, when completed, will include a well- equipped first-aid room. At the end of 1945 about sixty-five men were employed. „ ,, Morning Mountain.* Gold. Irene Group.— (49° 117° S.E.) Three men, under the direction of A. St. Clair Brindle, of Vancouver, did trenching and surface-stripping on mineralized shear-zones on this property. „ ., Hall Creek. Gold. (49° 117° S.E.) This property on Hall Creek is operated by a small Golden Eagle local syndicate under the direction of W. Rozan, of Nelson. During andT.S.* 1945 the old shaft on the T.S. vein was repaired and retimbered for examination and sampling, and about 40 feet of tunnel was driven on a showing on the Golden Eagle mineral claim. All work was done by hand-steel and no ore was shipped. (49° 117° S.E.) This property on Hall Creek has been optioned by Fern.f Harold Lakes and associates, of Nelson, and development-work has been carried on under the direction of Mr. Lakes. Premier Border Gold Mining Company, Limited, and Quatsino Copper-Gold, Limited, have agreed jointly with Mr. Lakes to provide necessary funds. The road from Hall Siding to the mine was repaired and put in condition for truck-hauling. The old Fern camp buildings were renovated and made to provide accommodation for eight to ten men. A diamond-drilling programme was undertaken to locate the extensions of the vein, particularly to the south of a fault which had bounded the stoped areas of the mine. Six holes, totalling 2,120.5 feet, were drilled from the surface; two holes were drilled to the north and four to the south of the fault. Intersections were obtained in all holes, and from those south of the fault the position of the vein on the surface was projected. A total of 185 feet of trenching was done to expose the vein south of the fault. An adit-site was chosen about 100 feet vertically below the outcrop and preparations are being made to drive on the vein. A blacksmith-shop and compressor- house were built near the site and a small mining plant, including a 105-cubic-foot single-stage gasoline-driven Schramm compressor, was installed. It is hoped to have underground work started by the end of 1945. A 15-horse-power Caterpillar tractor with bulldozer blade was also purchased to keep the road open and to transport supplies during the winter. The number of men employed averaged three. YMIR. (49° 117° S.E.) This property, owned by Ed. Haukedahl, A. Bremner, Oxide.j: and A. Phare, of Ymir, was optioned by International Mining Corpo ration, 85 Richmond Street West, Toronto. It is on the ridge between Oscar (Bear) Creek and Porcupine Creek, about 4 miles from Ymir. The showings * By H. C. Hughes. t By H. C. Hughes and M. S. Hedley. t By M. S. Hedley. A 100 REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF MINES, 1945. extend across the ridge at an elevation of 5,500 feet between quartzites on the west and crumpled argillite and limestone on the east in what appears to be a fault-zone, possibly of regional extent. The deposit is completely oxidized to a gossan that contains values in lead and zinc; it has not been fully outlined but appears to be about 1,500 feet long and locally 30 or more feet wide. A considerable amount of trenching was done under the direction of H. C. Gunning, extending down the Porcupine Creek slope over a vertical range of 700 feet. Diamond-drilling began late in 1945. Gold. (49° 117° S.E.) Head office, 503 Westlake North, Seattle, Washing- Ymir Good-Hope ton; local office, Medical Arts Building, Nelson, B.C.; Sarkis Terzian, Mining Co.* Manager. Capital: 250,000 A shares, $1 par, and 1,500,000 B shares, 10 cents par; issued, 28,375 A and 1,500,000 B. This company works the X-Ray group on Huckleberry Creek, about 6 miles from Ymir. Development-work on this property was continued during 1945. Early in the summer about 1,200 feet of underground diamond-drilling was done from the crosscut driven in 1944. A promising intersection was obtained on a vein which was encountered in the crosscut about 400 feet from the portal, and encouragement was also obtained from holes which were drilled ahead in the general direction of the crosscut. As the result of this work the crosscut was extended for 100 feet, and 100 feet of drifting was done on the vein mentioned above. The drift showed the vein to be from 6 inches to 2 feet wide and fairly abundantly mineralized. The Diesel-driven compressor installed in 1900 was replaced by an Ingersoll-Rand gasoline-driven portable compressor. An average crew of five men was employed during the summer and autumn. No ore was shipped. „ „ ERIE CREEK* Gold. (49° 117° S.E.) This property on Keystone Mountain, about 3% Arlington. miles from Erie, has been purchased from Relief Arlington Mines, Limited, by B. and K. Golac and A. Shrieves, Box 223, Nelson, B.C. It was operated for the greater part of 1945, two to three men being employed. Ore was recovered from pillars and stope remnants. Investigation of the foot-wall in several areas established the existence of closely parallel ore occurrences within the vein-shear, indicating a possibility of considerable tonnage. Hand-steel only was used. A total of 256 tons was mined and shipped to Trail. This yielded 275 oz. of gold, 733 oz. of silver, and 16,173 lb. of lead. (49° 117° S.E.) This property on Erie Creek, about 13 miles from Second Relief. Erie, is owned and operated by a local syndicate consisting of A. and M. Burgess, G. Murray, M. Towriss, and M. C. Donaldson, of Salmo. It is equipped with a small complete mining plant which can be driven by either Diesel or water power. Ore was recovered from pillars and stope remnants left by former operators and, in addition, some work was done on a parallel vein which had received very little attention in former years. A total of 242 tons was shipped to Trail and this yielded 375 oz. of gold and 165 oz. of silver. The average number of men employed was three. SOUTH KOOTENAY LAKE.* Gold. (49° 116° S.W.) Company office, 308 Pacific Building, Vancouver, Bayonne Consoli- B.C.; mine office, Sirdar, B.C.; C. Rutherford, Consulting Engineer; dated Mines, Ltd. R. B. King, Manager. Capital: 2,500,000 shares, no par value; issued, 2,500,000. The company owns and operates the Bayonne mine on Summit Creek, 23 miles by road from Tye Siding. This property was closed down in * By H. C. Hughes. METAL-MINING (LODE). A 101 1943 and was reopened in the late summer of 1945 with the object of putting it into production again. The road was cleaned out and repaired, the camp and power plant were renovated and overhauled, and underground development-work was started. It is planned to sink a 250-foot shaft from No. 8 level at a point in the crosscut connecting the A and B veins on that level, near the B vein. To this end the ditch on the No. 8 level was widened from the portal of the drift on the A vein to the shaft location and a station and hoist-room were cut. A 50-foot rope raise and a 30-foot raise for the head- frame were completed. About 12 feet of sinking was done by the end of 1945. In addition to this about 100 feet of drifting was done on a showing on No. 4 level. About twenty-five men were employed. „ ,, SHEEP CREEK. Gold. (49° 117° S.E.) This property on Sheep Creek, about 10 miles from Kootenay Belle.* Salmo, has been leased from Kootenay Belle Gold Mines, Limited, by Russel Thompson and associates, of Sheep Creek. During 1945 a small electrically driven compressor was installed and preparations were made underground for machine-mining. Ore recovered from pillars and stope remnants above the No. 6 level was shipped to Trail. (49° 117* S.E.) Company office, 616 Stock Exchange Building, Van- Sheep Creek Gold couver, B.C.; mine office, Sheep Creek, B.C.; C. E. Marr, President; Mines, Ltd.f J. Anderson, Secretary-Treasurer; H. E. Doelle, General Superintendent and Managing Director. Capital: 2,000,000 shares, 50 cents par; issued, 1,875,000. The company owns and operates the Queen mine on Waldie Creek, a tributary of Sheep Creek. The mine was operated continuously throughout 1945 but, owing to labour shortage, the mill was closed down during the months of January and May and was operated intermittently and at a reduced tonnage during the other months. ' In the early part of 1945 the crew was down to about forty-six men but near the end of the year it increased to about seventy. The number was as high as ninety at one time during the autumn. Eleven sub-parallel quartz veins have been discovered along the course of a north- south anticlinal structure in quartzite. The veins strike from north 56 degrees to north 73 degrees east and dip steeply south-eastward. From the north they are successively named the Yellowstone, Queen, 92, 85, 83, 81, 76, 75, 68, 57, and 44 veins. Mining and development during the past few years have been concentrated on the 92 to 57 veins, inclusive. What is presumably a second belt containing additional sub- parallel veins lies about 1,000 feet to the east and remains to be explored at depth. The mine is opened by two adit-levels, the No. 3 level on the Queen vein and the No. 2 extending from the 92 to 68 veins. A vertical shaft extends from the No. 3 to No. 12 level, a distance of 1,015 feet, in the foot-wall of the Queen vein. Nos. 5, 7, and 9 levels are driven south from the shaft to explore the southern veins and, in 1945, No. 10 was started as a general crosscutting level to explore the other veins at this new depth. No. 7 level in addition cuts the Yellowstone vein and is also extended east to the eastern belt of veins. Other levels are driven as intermediates on the individual veins. Stoping during 1945 was done mostly on the 81 vein. A total of 854 feet of drifting, 183 feet of crosscutting, 175 feet of raising, and 900 feet of diamond-drilling was done. Included in this total was work done on the 92 vein on Nos. 3 and 10 levels; on the 85 vein on the No. 7 level; on the 83 vein on the Nos. 7 and 9 levels; on the 81 vein on Nos. 3, 6, 7, and 9 levels; on the 75 vein on No. 7 level. A total of 24,504 tons was milled, about one-half the tonnage in normal years; this yielded 9,925 oz. of gold and 2,712 oz. of silver. » By H. C. Hughes. 1 4 6 7 2l (J t By H. C. Hughes and M. S. Hedley. PROVING!*' LIBRARY VICTORIA, B. C. <fc A 102 REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF MINES, 1945. (49° 117° S.E.) Company office, 616 Stock Exchange Building, Van- Gold Belt Mining couver, B.C.; mine office, Sheep Creek, B.C.; A. E. Jukes, President; Co., Ltd.* J. Anderson, Secretary-Treasurer; F. W. Reger, Mine Manager. Capital: 1,687,000 shares, 50 cents par; issued, 1,237,000. The company owns and operates the Gold Belt mine on Sheep Creek. This property was closed early in 1943 because of labour shortage, at which time practically all the readily available ore had been mined. It was reopened in the autumn of 1945 with an average crew of sixteen men. Near the portal of the 600 level, where a former camp was destroyed by fire, a compressor-house 18 by 36 feet, a blacksmith-shop 16 by 20 feet, a bunk-house 24 by 52 feet, and a cook-house 24 by 36 feet have been built. In addition, a powder-house, oil- house, and fuse-house have been built in suitable locations. The camp is modern in every respect and is built to accommodate about twenty men. The branch from the Nugget Road was repaired, and dams, water-lines, and electric power installations were put in. The compressor plant and blacksmithing equipment formerly at the 1850-level portal were moved up to the new site and installed. The only new equipment purchased was a tractor and bulldozer. The company plans to drive the 600 level ahead to the north and make connections with a raise which is to be completed from the 1400 level. This will explore the anticlinal structure which rises to the north and permit ore to be transferred underground to the 2100, or mill, level. In addition to salvaging equipment from old workings and laying track in the 600 level, 96 feet of crosscutting was done. (49° 117° S.E.) This property, adjoining the Motherlode and Reno, Nugget.f is owned and operated by A. Endersby, Jr., of Fruitvale. It is equipped with a water-driven compressor at the Reno mill-site, compressed air being piped to the Nugget workings through the 4900 level and Motherlode workings. During the summer ore was recovered from a stope between Nos. 2 and 3 levels in the old Nugget mine. When snow conditions made it impossible to haul from the old workings, these were closed for the winter and mining was carried on in the lower Nugget workings accessible from the 4900 crosscut. Five men were employed. No development-work was done. A total of 641 tons was mined and shipped to Trail. This yielded 206 oz. of gold and 227 oz. of silver. „., , , . AINSWORTH. Silver-lead-sinc. (49° 116° N.W.) Company office, Ainsworth, B.C.; Carl M. Mohr, Ainsmore Manager; C. D. N. Taylor, General Superintendent. This company Consolidated owns the Spokane group of claims on Munn Creek, about 3 miles by Mines, Ltd.* r0ad west of Ainsworth, and has recently acquired a number of claims to give holdings which extend in an almost unbroken line from Coffee Creek to Cedar Creek. Early in 1945 the company bought the Kootenay Florence mill and plant, 2 miles north of Ainsworth, and leased the Kootenay Florence property with an option to purchase from the owner, George Webster, of Toronto. The Spokane, formerly a shipper of high-grade lead ore, was operated almost continuously throughout 1945. Milling-ore was mined above the upper adit-level and put through the Florence mill. In addition, a special mill-feed dump of several hundred tons was milled, as well as some from the main dump. Sixty-eight feet of development- work was done and three to four men were employed. Work started at the Kootenay Florence in April. A rock-raise was put up to surface near the portal of the No. 9 main-haulage level to serve as storage for ore * By H. C. Hughes and M. S. Hedley. t By H. C. Hughes. METAL-MINING (LODE). A 103 trucked in from other properties. Development-work included 195 feet of crosscutting, 502 feet of drifting, and 246 feet of raising. Milling commenced on about 1,500 tons of broken ore left in the stopes from the earlier operation by Wartime Metals Corporation ; this work was done on contract for the owner. In addition to ore from company operations, custom ore was received—149 tons from the Bell near Retallack and 110 tons from the New Jerusalem in the Ainsworth camp. The Spokane contributed 852 tons from the dumps and 2,858 tons from stoping operations. The Kootenay Florence provided a total of 1,669 tons from stopes and 3,530 tons from development. The mill was operated on a two-shift basis and treated about 60 tons per day. From the total of 9,900 tons milled, 850 tons of concentrates were shipped to Kellogg, Idaho. From this, 12,590 oz. of silver, 738,107 lb. of lead, 250,873 lb. of zinc, and some cadmium were recovered. The average number of men employed was twenty-six. In the Kootenay Florence mine a 405-foot 60-degree raise had been put up by Wartime Metals Corporation from the lowest, or No. 9, adit-level to connect with No. 5, the lowest adit-level of early operations. The principal work in 1945 consisted of the development of No. 7 level from this raise, about 220 feet vertically above No. 9 and 130 feet below No. 5 level. Development-work for 1945 included 502 feet of drifting and 246 feet of raising. (49° 117° N.E.) No work was done during 1945 on this property, Scranton-Pontiac* which is near the head of Woodbury Creek. However, the company began constructing a road which will connect the mine with the Nelson-Kaslo Highway. About 3 miles of this road was completed before snow conditions forced the work to be discontinued until 1946. A caterpillar tractor and bulldozer and a portable compressor were used. The work was under the direction of W. T. Graham, of Forest Grove, Oregon. , . . KASLO-THREE FORKS. silver-lead-Binc. (49° 116" N.W.) This property, on the hill above Shutty Bench, about Shutty Bench.* 6 miles north of Kaslo, is owned by John Kuz, of Kaslo. The showings consist of a flatly dipping limestone-bed showing a considerable amount of zinc replacement. This bed is from 4 to 6 feet thick and has been traced on the surface by short adits and open-cuts for a distance of about 400 feet. (49° 117° N.E.) This property, near the head of Keen Creek, is under Kokanee Chief.* option to R. G. McLeod, of Seattle, Washington. The showings, consisting of narrow quartz-filled fissures in granite of the Nelson batholith, have been developed by two adits 100 and 40 feet long. A limited amount of underground hand-steel work was done by two men. Values are chiefly in silver. (50° 117° S.E.) This property, at the head of 10-Mile Creek and Voyageur.* about 18 miles from Kaslo, at an elevation of about 6,500 feet, is being operated by Empire Mines Corporation, of Walla Walla, Washington, under the direction of Roy Wallace. A truck-road about 7% miles long, joining the mine to the Kaslo-New Denver Highway, was completed in 1945 after being under construction for the past three years. At the mine the portal of the adit-level was retimbered. (50° 117° S.E.) This property, in the Jackson Basin and about 7 Bell.* miles from Retallack, was operated under lease and bond by Joe Gallo and associates, of Nelson. A total of 149 tons of ore, averaging about 30 per cent, zinc, was recovered from surface dumps and from pillars and stope remnants underground. This ore was treated in the Kootenay Florence mill and the concentrates included in their shipments. A limited amount of surface-trenching was also undertaken. Two men were employed and all the work was done by hand-steel. * By H. C. Hughes. A 104 REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF MINES, 1945. (50° 117° S.E.) Registered office, 475 Howe Street, Vancouver, B.C.; Whitewater mine office, Kaslo, B.C.; J. L. Trumbull, President; J. A. Clark, Secre- Retallack Mines, tary; James Hamilton, Richard Dowsey, W. R. Burgess, and Donald Ltd.* McLeod, Directors; V. McDowall, Manager. Incorporated, June, 1943. Capital: 250,000 shares of $1 par; all issued, 60 per cent, owned by Kootenay Belle Gold Mines, Limited, and 40 per cent, owned by Whitewater Mines, Limited. Operations at this property were carried out intermittently because of power shortages until September, 1945, when the mine and mill were closed down. From the beginning of 1945 until the first week in April the mill was operated continuously at a capacity of 160 tons per day but was closed at that time owing to a shortage of water for the hydro-electric plant and to the necessity of making repairs in the power-house. Milling operations were resumed on May 4th at a capacity of about 140 tons per day when the spring run-off began. On May 23rd the entire Diesel power plant Was destroyed completely by fire. There being a plentiful supply of water for hydroelectric power at this time, operations were resumed shortly after the fire and were continued with some interruption until September 20th when the mine and mill were closed down. For a large part of this latter period the mill operated at a capacity of 200 tons per day. During the early part of 1945 the mill was supplied with magnetite-pyrrhotite- zinc replacement ore from above No. 1472 level and with the more common siderite-zinc replacement ore from a small stope below No. 14 level in the east end of the mine. Mining of the old upper mine dumps was resumed later, and during the last stage of operations ore was coming almost exclusively from the large composite dump between Nos. 7 and 3 levels, which exists as a comparatively thin veneer on the steep hillside. The earlier use of scrapers was found unsatisfactory, and the muck was moved by bulldozer into a loading-pocket from which it was trucked to the mill. Coming from workings driven primarily in search of silver-lead ore, the muck naturally contained a higher proportion of these metals than that from the lower mine. Development-work included 88 feet of drifting, 50 feet of crosscutting, 30 feet of raising, and 1,869 feet of diamond-drilling. In addition, about 500 feet of old workings were reconditioned. A total of 29,561 tons of ore was treated in the mill; of this, 26,000 came from underground workings and the remainder from the surface dump. Concentrates were shipped under a contract with Metals Reserve Corporation to the American Smelting and Refining Company, and yielded 11,676 oz. of silver, 209,985 lb. of lead, and 2,688,400 lb. of zinc. The number of men employed ranged from about 100 near the beginning of 1945 to fifty when the property was closed. The company has tentative plans for operating on ore from the dump in 1946 during the months when a plentiful supply of water will assure electric power. No custom ore was treated in the Whitewater mill in 1945. • (50° 117° S.E.) Mine office, Zincton, B.C. This company, a subsidi- Lucky Jim ary °^ Sheep Creek Gold Mines, Limited, owns and operates the Lucky Zincton Mines, Jim mine at Zincton. In 1945 F. R. Thompson, mine manager, was Ltd.* transferred to the company's operation at Sheep Creek and J. S. Mcintosh was appointed manager at Zincton. The mine was operated continuously at a daily capacity of 320 tons until the end of June, when it was closed because of cancellation of its contract with Metals Reserve Corporation, under which zinc concentrates were shipped to the Anaconda Smelter in Butte, Montana. Milling operations were resumed on October 12th at a daily capacity of about 200 tons, which was shortly increased to the normal figure as more men became available. The mill continued to operate at this capacity for the remainder of 1945, the concentrates being shipped to the Trail smelter. » By M. S. Hedley and H. C. Hughes. METAL-MINING (LODE). A 105 While the mill was closed, a development crew was employed. The main haulage on No. 9 adit-level was graded and retracked and haulage equipment was reconditioned. Some exploratory drifting was done south-east of the main raise on No. 8 level. On the surface, a road 3% miles in length was built to the old No. 1 adit which is to be driven ahead to intersect mineral located by diamond-drilling in 1943 and 1944. Late in 1945 power capacity was increased by the installation of a 450-horse-power Fairbanks-Morse Diesel engine and generator in an addition built on to the back of the power-house. On November 9th the mess-house was completely destroyed by fire and temporary accommodation was provided in the recreation-hall; it is planned to build a new mess-house in the spring. Most of the tonnage milled came from stopes above No. 9 level and a small amount was mined above No. 850 level. Stoping was commenced early in 1945 above No. 10, a new level 70 feet below No. 9, which is developed by a 20-degree winze. Development for 1945 included 373 feet of drifting, 178 feet of raising, and 7,861 feet of diamond-drilling. While the mill was operating, the total number employed ranged from forty to sixty men. A total of 63,322 tons of ore was milled, producing 10,896 tons of zinc concentrates which was shipped to Anaconda and Trail. This yielded 10,792,579 lb. of zinc. c., , , . SANDON.* silver-lead-zinc. (49° 117° N.E.) This property, 3 miles from Sandon, is owned by Victor. ^rs- D. Petty, of Nelson, and was operated continuously during 1945 under lease by E. Doney, of Sandon. A total of 60 tons of ore was mined by hand-steel and 30 tons was shipped to Trail. This yielded 10,870 oz. of silver, 28,543 lb. of lead, and some zinc. (49° 117° N.E.) Head office, Box 338, Vernon, B.C.; Lloyd R. Smith, Silver Ridge, Manager. This company has an option on the old Silver Ridge group, Excelda Mines, adjoining the Black Colt and about 2 miles from Sandon. During the Lt«l. summer a crew of five men was engaged in rehabilitating the camp buildings and cleaning up and retimbering the underground workings. A proposed programme of underground diamond-drilling was postponed until 1946 because of early heavy snowfall. The property is equipped with a small mining plant. (49° 117° N.E.) Company office, Sandon, B.C.; R. A. Grimes, Sunshine silver President; P. D. Townsend, Secretary-Treasurer. Capital: 2,000,000 Ridge shares, 50 cents par; issued, 662,400. This company owns and Mining Co. operates the Sunshine group, situated on Silver Ridge, about 3y2 miles from Sandon. The property, which is equipped with a small Diesel mining plant, is to be reopened after having been idle since March, 1941. In November, 1945, a small crew was engaged in overhauling mining equipment and cleaning up the underground workings in preparation for further development. Present plans are to extend the crosscut driven during the last operation, which is more than 2,000 feet in length. By the end of 1945, 200 feet of crosscutting had been done. The operators plan to continue work throughout the winter. (49° 117° N.E.) From this property, about 2% miles from Sandon, Noble Five. P. Lincoln shipped 20 tons of lead concentrates and 13 tons of zinc concentrates. These yielded 1,595 oz. of silver, 16,842 lb. of lead, and 13,305 lb. of zinc. SILVERTON-NEW DENVER* Gold. (49° 117° N.E.) This property on L. H. Creek, about 7 miles from L.H. Silverton, has been optioned from A. R. Fingland, of Silverton, by Kenville Gold Mines, Limited, a subsidiary of Quebec Gold Mining Corporation. Work was commenced in September. The road was cleaned out and » By H. C. Hughes. A 106 REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF MINES, 1945. repaired and the old camp buildings renovated to accommodate a small crew. A programme of diamond-drilling was undertaken from the underground workings of No. 3 level, elevation about 5,200 feet, and about 2,000 feet of drilling was completed by the end of 1945. It is planned to continue this work during the winter as long as transportation conditions permit. About seven men were employed. Silver-lead-zinc. Standard, Mammoth, and Enterprise, Western Exploration Co. (49° 117° N.E.) Company office, Silverton, B.C.; A. M. Ham, General Manager; R. A. Avison, Mine Superintendent. Capital: 2,000,000 shares, 50 cents par; issued, 1,489,654. This company operates the Standard mine on Emily Creek, about 3 miles from Silverton; the Mammoth mine on Avison Creek, about 4% miles from Silverton; and the Enterprise mine on Enterprise Creek, about 17 miles from Silver- ton. The Standard mill was operated continuously until the end of June, when it was closed on the cancellation of the contract with Metals Reserve Corporation, which provided for shipment to the smelter at Kellogg, Idaho. Ore was supplied from both the Standard and Mammoth mines for this operation. The Mammoth mine was closed on May 31st after all ore had been taken from above the lowest, or No. 7, level, at an elevation of 5,028 feet. Diamond-drilling of the downward extension of the ore-body had been done in 1944, but deeper development was not undertaken in view of the uncertainty of the times. An exploratory crosscut adit was begun in 1944, following surface drilling, and was completed in January, 1945. This adit is at an elevation of 5,349 feet, is 465 feet long in an average direction of north 25 degrees east, and is 340 feet west of the western face on No. 7 level. A zone containing some mineralization was cut 75 feet from the face of this adit, and it appears probable that the Mammoth vein, if it comes through, is following here the bedding of the argillites. Development at the Mammoth during 1945 included 79 feet of drifting, 213 feet of crosscutting, 57 feet of raising, and 392 feet of diamond-drilling. A maximum crew of fifty and a minimum of thirty-five was employed. At the Standard mine, development was undertaken after the mill was closed. This was directed towards exploring areas in the vicinity of the old stopes between No. 6 level and the surface, and included sinking a 40-foot winze on a showing in the floor of No. 6 level below the innermost ore-body. Development on No. 6 has included investigations in the vicinity of the original " big " stope and may eventually solve some problems relating to localization of this large ore-body which was mined in past years; new mineralization has been found in the hanging-wall of the shear-zone or lode near the " big " stope. No. 3 level was cleaned out from the surface, a distance of 1,100 feet, at considerable expense. No. 4 level was reached from an inner part of No. 5, but the level is caved; a connection is to be made between Nos. 5 and 3 levels. Development for 1945 included 1,845 feet of drifting, 286 feet of crosscutting, 341 feet of raising, 40 feet of sinking, and 3,109 feet of diamond-drilling. An average crew of 110 men was employed in the mine, mill, and power plant while the mill was operating but the crew was reduced to about thirty after milling ceased. A total of 17,266 tons of ore from the Mammoth and Standard mines was milled and the concentrates were shipped to Kellogg, Idaho. This yielded 20 oz. of gold, 151,195 oz. of silver, 856,156 lb. of lead, and 2,082,800 lb. of zinc. At the Enterprise mine, active development was undertaken as soon as weather conditions permitted in the late spring. The road up Enterprise Creek from the main Slocan Highway to the mine, a distance of 5 miles, was completely repaired and reconditioned ; 3 miles of mine road was also repaired. The old Enterprise Camp was practically rebuilt. At the mine an ore-bin was built at the portal of No. 7 level and a METAL-MINING (LODE). A 107 small mining plant, consisting of a portable gasoline-driven compressor, blacksmith equipment, etc., was installed. Underground, about 2,500 feet of the Nos. 7 and 5 levels were opened up and repaired; 822 feet of drifting was done and 76 feet of raising was done from the No. 7 level to connect eventually with No. 6 level. This will provide good natural ventilation and a second opening from the lower workings. A crew of about fifteen men was employed in this work. Present plans are to haul ore from the Enterprise mine to the Standard mill by truck. It is not expected that stoping will begin before the spring of 1946. (49° 117° N.E.) This property, about 6 miles from Silverton, was Hewitt. leased late in 1945 by Frank Mills, S. S. Clough, and J. Kelly, of Silver- ton. The No. 10, or lowest, adit-level was retimbered and a small Diesel-driven compressor was installed before work was suspended for the winter. The operators plan to ship a milling-grade of lead-zinc ore to the Standard mill at Silverton. (49° 117° N.E.) Mine office, New Denver, B.C.; head office, 423 Bosun, Santiago Hamilton Street, Vancouver, B.C.; T. R. Buckham, Mine Manager. Mines, Ltd. This company works the Bosun mine on Slocan Lake, about 1% miles south of New Denver, During the latter part of 1945 a crew of six men was engaged in retimbering and reconditioning the No. 6, or lowest, adit-level. About 430 feet of this level was repaired. No mechanical equipment was used for this work. DUNCAN RIVER. (50° 116° N.W.) The five unsurveyed claims staked in June, 1945, by Erdahl anj R. E. Erdahl and J. E. Pinchbeck, of Trail, comprise the Tin City, Pinchbeck Canyon, Old Glory, Cyclone, and Erbeck claims. They extend north- Claims.* westerly on the north-east side of the Duncan River Valley in the vicinity of Cockle (Bear) Creek, about 10 miles north of the head of Duncan Lake. A small cabin, built by the owners, stands by the east bank of the Duncan River across from Healy's Landing. The cabin may be reached by chartered river-boat, except in periods of low water, or by some 14 miles of forestry trail extending from the head of Duncan Lake. In the vicinity of the exposures the rocks are greyish-green and brown schist and gneiss, limestone, and quartzite. The foliation strikes north 75 degrees to 45 degrees west and dips north-easterly at angles ranging from 50 to 90 degrees. Narrow, discontinuous, and irregular veins, stringers, and lenses of glassy quartz containing varying amounts of dark tourmaline, mica, amphibole, and carbonate cut the rocks, usually at a large angle to the foliation. Scattered grains of scheelite occur in many of the veins, and sulphides are present in local concentrations. Traces of tin and beryllium were detected by spectrographic analysis, the estimates for each metal ranging from nil to 0.04 per cent., but the tin- and beryllium-bearing minerals were not recognized. The Tin City claim lies north of Cockle (Bear) Creek Canyon at the north-westerly end of the group and covers the area of the initial discovery of tin, beryllium, and tungsten mineralization. The showings lie near the forestry trail, about 1% miles up from the owners' cabin, at an elevation of 700 to 800 feet above the Duncan River. Greyish-green mica-amphibole schist and gneiss, containing variable amounts of carbonate, lie south-west of bedded limestone and quartzite. Quartz veins, stringers, and lenses cut the schist and gneiss at large angles to the foliation. The foliation strikes north 75 degrees to 50 degrees west and dips 50 degrees to 90 degrees northeast approximately parallel to the bedding of the limestone and quartzite. The veins strike north 5 degrees to 25 degrees east and dip 40 degrees to 80 degrees southeasterly. They vary in width from 10 inches to less than 1 inch within intervals of 20 * By W. J. Lynott. A 108 REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF MINES, 1945. to 30 feet. All of the showings are in a northerly-trending zone some 500 feet in length. Parts of the veins and lenses are covered by overburden but some exposures show blunt or pointed vein-terminations. The veins are composed of glassy quartz, tourmaline, amphibole, mica, and carbonate and are frequently banded parallel to the walls. Scheelite occurs as scattered grains. The wall-rocks are tourmalinized locally. Assays of chip samples are as follows:— Location. Width of Vein. Tin. Beryllium. Tungsten. Inches. Per Cent. Per Cent. Per Cent. Lowest exposed vein 10 Nil 0.04 Trace Chip samples taken across vein at 2-foot intervals along 8-foot length extending from 53 feet to 61 feet from 7 (av.) 0.04 0.04 0.03 Chip sample across vein exposure 490 feet from sample 1 ... 8 Nil 0.04 1.90 Cockle (Bear) Creek, in a sheer deep canyon, crosses the Canyon claim between the Tin City and Old Glory claims. Nothing of interest has been discovered on the Canyon claim. Near the location-line of the Old Glory claim schist and gneiss are cut by veins of quartz and other minerals. A vein, similar to those on the Tin City claim, is exposed from approximately 70 feet to 134 feet down-slope south-west of the initial post, the extensions being covered by overburden. The width averages 12 inches over an exposed length of 57 feet from the lower end and then narrows to 2 inches at the upper end of the exposure. Assays of two samples across the vein show no traces of tin, beryllium, or tungsten. About 300 feet south of the initial post two short adits have been driven into an irregular mineralized shear-zone. The mineralized material consists of quartz, wall- rock fragments, and carbonate with arsenopyrite and small amounts of pyrite. An assay of selected mineral specimens is as follows: Gold, 0.01 oz. per ton; silver, 1.0 oz. per ton; copper, trace; lead, 0.3 per cent.; tin, 0.04 per cent.; beryllium, trace; tungsten, nil. The Cyclone claim adjoins the south-east boundary of the Old Glory claim. Several veins, veinlets, and lenses of quartz, tourmaline, etc., cut gneiss and schist near the centre of the claim, along the location-line. The showings are similar to those on the Tin City claim. Approximately 100 feet north of the south-easterly and of the location- line, near the base of a steep bluff, a flat-lying vein up to 17 inches wide is exposed for a length of about 40 feet. A few feet from the southern end of this exposure a vein up to 12 inches wide is exposed up the face of the bluff for an estimated slope distance of 80 feet, striking north 35 degrees east and dipping 70 degrees to the south-east. Assays of chip samples across the veins are as follows:— Location. Width sampled. Gold. Silver. Tin. Beryllium. Tungsten. Flat vein Inches. 17 10 Oz. per Ton. Trace Trace Oz. per Ton. Nil 0.4 Per Cent. Nil Nil Per Cent. Nil Nil Per Cent. Nil The Erbeck claim adjoins the south-easterly boundary of the Cyclone claim. The underlying rocks are greyish-green and brown schist, quartzite, and limestone cut by quartz veins. One vein, containing small amounts of pyrite and up to 36 inches in width, is exposed for approximately 100 feet. Mr. Erdahl reports that greater width and length of vein containing pyrite, pyrrhotite, and galena have been observed elsewhere on the claim. Assays of vein material from the Erbeck claim show negligible values in gold and silver, and occasional traces of tin. METAL-MINING (LODE). A 109 „.. , . . FERGUSON* suver-lead-sinc. (50° 117° N.E.) Head office, 815 Queen Street West, Toronto 3, Ont.; True-Fissure, mine office, Ferguson, B.C.; 0. Tischauer, Mine Manager. This Comara Mining company operates the True-Fissure mine about 3% miles from & Milling Co., Ferguson. During 1945 the road from Ferguson to the mine was d- completely repaired and the camp renovated. Surface exploration was undertaken. This included 2,200 feet of surface diamond-drilling, 1,300 feet of which was done beneath the True-Fissure outcrop and the remainder near the St. Elmo workings. In addition to this, some trenches and test-pits were dug near the St. Elmo in an attempt to trace the St. Elmo vein south and to find its intersection with the True-Fissure vein. Work was suspended in November with intention to resume in 1946. „., , ' . KIMBERLEY.* Silver-lead-zinc. (49° 115° N.W.) Company office, 215 St. James Street, Montreal, . „. Que.; mine and smelter office, Trail, B.C.; R. W. Diamond, Trail, Sullivan, > » i Consolidated President; R. E. Stavert, Montreal, Vice-President; J. E. Riley, Mon- Mining and treal, Secretary; H. B. Fuller, Trail, Comptroller; Sullivan mine Smelting Co. of office, Kimberley, B.C.; J. R. Giegerich, Mine Superintendent; H. R. Canada, Ltd. Banks, Mill Superintendent. Capital: 4,000,000 shares, $5 par; issued, 3,276,329. The company owns and operates the Sullivan mine on Mark Creek, near Kimberley, and the Sullivan concentrator at Chapman Camp, about 3 miles away. During 1945 the output was increased substantially above that of 1944. The reasons for this were a better supply of labour, chiefly towards the end of the year, and more advanced stope preparation for diamond-drill blasting on the lower levels. The back-fill programme was not as extensive as in 1944, and this also resulted in more men being available for production. The accident record of the company showed a marked improvement over 1944 but it was still far below the enviable position it held during the pre-war years. A great deal of attention is being paid to the matter of safety and a very complete staff is maintained under the direction of a safety engineer. Increased attention is being given to the necessity for shiftbosses and foremen seeing that the men under them are properly instructed in the safest methods of doing their work. The results of this will undoubtedly show up in the future in an improved accident record. Although the general system of ventilation of the underground workings was not changed materially during 1945, progress was made on a new programme which, when completed, should provide adequate ventilation throughout the mine. A new exhaust raise north of the ore-body was started from the 3900 level and completed to the surface, a total length of 1,115 feet. This raise is now being enlarged from 6 by 16 feet to 12 feet by 16 feet. Two fans, each of 125,000-cubic-foot capacity, are to be installed at the head of this raise in the spring. In addition to the two main surface fans at present in use with a total capacity of 158,000 cubic feet per minute, there are four " booster " fans underground which at present take care of the main ventilation. Late in 1945 one of the main surface fans, a 96-inch Sheldon aerodynamic driven by a 100-horse-power motor, was destroyed by fire. The fan is to be replaced as soon as possible, but it is not anticipated that the temporary loss of this unit will be felt seriously during the winter while a strong natural circulation can be maintained. Twenty-three auxiliary units, ranging in capacity from 2,000 to 45,000 cubic feet per minute, are in use underground to provide distribution of air to the more remote parts of the mine. • By H. C. Hughes. A 110 REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF MINES, 1945. Dust counts were made regularly every month, and the average for 1945 for the whole mine was 487 particles per cubic centimetre. This is slightly higher than in 1944. The use of atomizers and sprays is being stressed and dustless-type drifters are being tried out, four being in operation at the present time. Development-work done during 1945 included 4,485 feet of drifting and cross- cutting, 22,160 feet of raising, and 475 feet of sinking. In addition to this, 8,400 feet of sub-levels were driven for long-hole diamond-drilling and slusher-drift stopes and 164,000 feet of core-drilling was done. Sinking operations to continue the 3360 shaft below the 3350 level were begun and 20 feet was completed towards the end of 1945. The shaft, when completed, will serve that part of the mine below the 3350 level. Present plans are to sink a pilot shaft for a distance of 800 feet at a slope of 38 degrees and to drive the main shaft as a raise from the pilot shaft. The other 455 feet of sinking was done from the surface and comprised the sinking of shafts through unconsolidated material and rock for back-filling purposes. New equipment for underground work included two Conway mucking-machines, ten 90-cubic-foot ore-cars, and six 156-cubic-foot ore-cars. The latter were built in the company shops in Kimberley. All underground shops at the north end of the mine were moved to a new location between the north and south end stations. These new shops, which include accommodation for machinists, electricians, carpenters, drill- repairers, diamond-drillers, first-aid requirements, and lunch-rooms, all open off a central haulage-way. The shops have concrete floors and are completely whitewashed inside, presenting a very attractive and efficient appearance. In the methods of mining used there was a further increase during 1945 in the footage drilled with diamond-drills over that drilled with conventional steel and detachable bits, although the increase was not as marked as in 1944. A total of 1,724,173 feet of hole was drilled in preparing ground for blasting in stopes and development-work. Of this, 101,000 feet was drilled by conventional steel, 1,186,631 feet by detachable bits, and 436,542 by diamond-drill for blast-hole purposes. A total of 1,309,300 tons of ore was broken by conventional steel and detachable bits and 1,137,670 tons was broken by diamond-drilling. The number of stopes which are still being mined by the old method of benching beneath a high back has decreased very markedly, and now this method is being used chiefly to open up slots for diamond-drill blasting in the stopes below the 3900 level. A considerable amount of preparation was made for pillar-extraction above the 3900 level in areas where back-filling had been completed. The method employed is to drive sub-level slusher-drifts with draw-holes in the foot-wall below the pillars and connect the draw-holes together to form a slot for diamond-drilling. The pillar is then mined by a system of diamond-drill hole rings Vvhich retreat down the foot-wall. Back-filling operations from the surface were commenced as soon as conditions permitted in the spring and were continued until about the middle of November. Back-filling placed during 1945 amounted to 992,990 cubic yards: 916,820 yards from surface, 34,170 yards from mine waste, and 42,000 yards from caving. The work of placing concrete bulkheads underground in strategic locations in preparation for next season's work is being continued. The new hoist-house, shaft-house, and head-frame for the 3360 shaft are located a short distance north of the old upper mine townsite. The work was started in the autumn under contract and the buildings were about half completed by the end of 1945. During 1945 there was an average of about 1,460 men on the pay-roll. Of these, about 770 Worked underground, 320 in various capacities on the surface at the mine, and 370 at the concentrator. The employment situation showed a decided improvement towards the end of 1945. METAL-MINING (LODE). A 111 Of the total of 2,446,969 tons of ore mined during 1945, 1,264,581 tons came from above the 3900 level and 1,182,388 tons from below the 3900 level. The proportion of ore from below the 3900 level has substantially increased over that in 1944. c., ... FIELD.* Suver-lead-zinc. (51° 116° S.E.) Company office, 350 Bay Street, Toronto, Ont; mine M . . office, Field, B.C.; J. H. C. Waite, President; G. C. Ames, Secretary- Kicking Horse, Treasurer; H. D. Forman, Manager; E. G. Cameron, Mine Superin- Base Metals tendent; John Vallance, Mill Superintendent. Capital: 3,000,000 Mining Corp., shares, no par value; issued, 2,330,714. This company operates the Ltd- Monarch mine on Mount Stephen, south of the Kicking Horse River, and the Kicking Horse mine on Mount Field, north of the river. The Kicking Horse mine was operated continuously throughout 1945, supplying the mill with a total of about 36,000 tons of ore averaging 1.2 per cent, lead and 16.3 per cent, zinc. Development-work, at this property included 55 feet of drifting and 386 feet of diamond-drilling. The Monarch mine was operated more or less intermittently but, as demand for lead increased towards the end of 1945, more attention was concentrated on this part of the operation. A total of about 11,000 tons, averaging 7% per cent, lead and 4.3 per cent, zinc, was mined from this property. Development included 42 feet of drifting in the vicinity of 175 D stope. The mill was operated continuously throughout 1945 on a two-shift basis six days a week. An average of sixty-eight men was employed throughout 1945. Present ore reserves are believed to be sufficient to carry the operation until spring. In the meantime limited development is being undertaken. A total of 47,777 tons of 2.7 per cent, lead and 13.5 per cent, zinc ore was milled. Until June 30th all metal was sold under a contract with Metals Reserve Corporation, but on the expiration of this contract, new ones were arranged as follows: Zinc concentrates were sold to the American Zinc Company of Illinois at East St. Louis, 111., and lead concentrates to the American Smelting and Refining Company, East Helena, Montana. The concentrates yielded 72,598 oz. of silver, 2,152,007 lb. of lead, and 9,660,898 lb. of zinc. , , . SKAGIT RIVER.t Silver-lead-zmc. (49° 121° S.E.) G. Allan MacPherson, Manager; A. D. Maclsaac, I Annex Mine Superintendent. The mine is approximately 25 miles south-east Skagit River of Hope in the part of the Skagit River area known as 23-Mile Camp. Development It is reached from the Skagit River Road by a trail 4 miles long, which Co., Ltd. climbs steeply along the north side of Silver Daisy Creek. The The workings on the property include Nos. 1, 2, and 3, and A and B adits, together with several open-cuts, all at elevations between 5,890 feet and 5,350 feet. The work being done on September 10th was surface diamond-drilling. One hole had been completed and a second hole was being drilled. The diamond-drilling was being done on contract by the D & B Diamond Drilling Company, who had four men at work. An aerial tramway approximately 2y2 miles long, of single continuous-wire type, was used formerly for taking supplies from the lower terminal near the Skagit River, 1 mile south of 23-Mile Camp, to the upper terminal at the mine camp, at an elevation of approximately 5,100 feet. This tramway and other surface equipment installed by former owners reverted to the Crown and were sold to private interests; the present operators considered such equipment unsatisfactory for use in further development. The workings of the mine were described in some detail in the Annual Report of the Minister of Mines for 1938, pages F 23 to F 26. * By H. C. Hughes. t By E. R. Hughes. „ ,. RUSKIN.* Gold. (49° 122° S.E.) This company, owned by L. A. Prosser, has a small L.A.P. Mining Co. operation about % mile up the Stave River from the Ruskin power- dam. A crosscut is now in 50 feet from the surface. The company expects to reach a vein by driving the crosscut 200 feet farther. Five men ai'e employed. HOWE SOUND.* Copper. (49° 123° N.E.) Company office, 730 Fifth Avenue, New York City; Britannia Mining mine office, Britannia Beach, B.C.; H. H. Sharpe, President; C. P. and Smelting Charlton, Secretary-Treasurer; C. P. Browning, General Manager; Co., Ltd. E. C. Roper, Superintendent. Capital: 100,000 shares, $25 par; issued, 91,966. This company operates the Britannia mines at Britannia Beach, Howe Sound. The mines being worked at present are the Victoria, No. 5, Fairview, Bluff, and 4100-tunnel district, which includes No. 8 shaft. Regular development operations were hampered greatly because of labour shortage, but towards the end of 1945 a slight improvement in the employment situation was evident. Development-work in the No. 8 shaft area was carried out methodically and regular stoping operations were carried on in other parts of the mine. In the No. 5 and Victoria mines the method of stoping is the square set and in the Bluff area the powder-blast method is employed. Development-work at these mines in 1945 totalled 6,079 feet, or 1.15 miles, made up as follows: Drifts, 2,554 feet; crosscuts, 269 feet; powder-blast workings, 750 feet; and winzes, 2,506 feet. A total of 6,370 feet of diamond-drilling was done. The total production of all the mines amounted to 566,500 tons, compared with 606,717 tons in 1944. The total production, including copper from the copper precipitation plant, was 11,599,650 lb. of copper, 7,832 oz. of gold, 43,587 oz. of silver, and 9,095 dry tons of pyrite. Ventilation and dust-control received careful consideration throughout 1945, and the aluminium-dispersal units installed in all the dry-rooms in 1944 were used continuously throughout the year. The experiments carried out in 1944 with dustless Leyner drilling-machines were considered very satisfactory and the use of these machines was increased in 1945. A school for training men in timbering, etc., was started in the Victoria mine, and in the Bluff mine a school for training miners in stoping, drifting, raising, etc., was started with gratifying results. The men themselves are taking a keen interest in this work and giving the officials every co-operation. During 1945 the average number of men employed was 488 and at the end of the year the total number of men employed underground, on the surface, and in the mill was 555. TEXADA ISLAND. As a result of the success that attended the rehabilitation of the Little Billie mine by diamond-drilling and underground work, prospectors and prospecting companies were active on the island during 1945. Several of the larger well-established companies actively prospected many of the older properties over an area at the north end of the island extending from the east to the west coasts. The only underground exploration, other than at the Little Billie, was at the old Marble Bay mine. Elsewhere on the island work was confined to surface work and to diamond-drilling. * By James Strang. METAL-MINING (LODE). A 113 Gold. (49° 124° N.W.) This property, about 4 miles south-westerly from Gem.* Vananda, was unwatered and completely examined by an engineer of the Granby Consolidated Mining, Smelting, and Power Company in the summer of 1945. No other work was done and the shaft was allowed to fill with water. A watchman is kept on the property. (49° 124° N.W.) Company office, 808 Pender Street West, Vancouver, Red Hawk Gold B.C.; L. A. Weinrib, President; Egil Lorntzen in charge of work in Mines, Ltd.* 1945. This company owns the R.W. group of six claims and a fraction, east of the road to Gillies Bay, about 5 miles south-westerly from Vananda. It includes in part the showings of the old Red Wing property. During 1945 trenches and pits were dug on the property. The showings consist of a few short fractures in limestone, some mineralized with pyrite and sphalerite and some with galena and sphalerite. The gold values are low. (49° 124° N.W.) The Copper King Crown-granted claim is on Copper King.} Surprise Mountain in the northern part of Texada Island. A half mile of road, now overgrown, leads to the showings from a point on the Iron Mines Road about 4 miles from the town of Vananda. Most of the work on this claim was done at the close of the last century. The claim is held by Berkley Grieve, of Sandwick, B.C., and his associates. The showings occur in massive greenstone of the Texada formation. A zone of slight shearing, striking south 10 to 20 degrees east and dipping 70 degrees eastward, is exposed in one of the workings. A shaft, now flooded, said to be 63 feet deep, has been sunk in the greenstones on or close to the shear-zone. A grab sample from a high-grade dump adjacent to the shaft assayed: Gold, nil; silver, nil; copper, 5.3 per cent. A short trench, now filled with rubble, lies 50 feet south 30 degrees east of the shaft. A channel sample from the south end of the trench across 48 inches of sparsely mineralized greenstone assayed: Gold, 0.02 oz. per ton; silver, 0.2 oz. per ton; and copper, 0.2 per cent. A second trench, exposing brecciated and slightly sheared greenstone, lies 60 feet south 5 degrees east of this trench. This rock is sparsely mineralized with pyrite, chalcopyrite, and vuggy quartz. A grab sample from the dump assayed: Gold, trace; copper, 0.8 per cent. (49° 124° N.W.) This company, largely financed by the Quebec Gold Surprise Gold Mining Corporation, owns several Crown grants on Surprise Mountain Mines, Ltd.J on the west side of Texada Island. Three-quarters of a mile of road, now overgrown, leads to the Surprise shaft from a point on the Iron Mines Road about 4 miles from the town of Vananda. Most of the work on the Surprise claim was done in 1897 and 1898, at which time the Surprise shaft was sunk. Work during 1945 was concerned mainly with making a geological survey of the ground and in building a camp. Several of the old trenches were cleaned out and examined. In the autumn diamond-drilling was begun with the object of exploring a mineralized shear-zone that averages almost 5 feet in width and extends for about 3,000 feet north-westerly from the Surprise shaft to the northwestern boundary of the Silver Tip claim. A branch from this shear extends from near the Surprise shaft northerly to the Nancy Bell shaft. The Surprise shaft, sunk on the shear-zone, is inclined south-westerly at an angle of 75 degrees. A drift 8 feet * By John S. Stevenson. t By W. H. Mathews. t By John S. Stevenson and W. H. Mathews. A 114 REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF MINES, 1945. below the collar extends 12 feet north-westerly on the shear which is here 5 feet wide. The shaft is reported to extend to a depth of 365 feet. It is now flooded to within a few feet of the top. The rocks are mainly basaltic lava flows which strike northwesterly and dip 10 degrees to 45 degrees north-eastward. A bed of limestone from 8 to 10 feet wide outcrops about 300 feet north-west of the Surprise shaft. The same bed presumably has been cut by the Nancy Bell shaft. The mineralization in the main, or Silver Tip, shear consists of narrow' criss-crossing quartz stringers in sheared greenstone. The quartz contains a moderate amount of sphalerite and small amounts of chalcopyrite and galena. Judging from specimens on the dump, the Nancy Bell shear, where cut in the shaft, contained an abundance of sphalerite which is almost black and very fine-grained and dense in texture. Good values in gold are found in both shears. Gold-copper. (49° 124° N.W.) Company office, 607 Rogers Building, Vancouver, Little Billie B.C.; H. T. James, President; Chas. R. Cox, Manager. The Little Vananda Mining Billie mine is near Vananda, Texada Island. A detailed report on the Co., Ltd.* property was published in the Annual Report of the Minister of Mines for 1944. During 1945 the shaft was deepened from the 280 to the 480 level. This part of the shaft has three compartments and is tightly lagged throughout. An exploration drift was driven about 350 feet in a direction south 20 degrees west from the 480 shaft station. It reached an ore-body revealed by diamond- drilling from the 280-foot level. At 130 feet from the shaft the level passed southwesterly from quartz-diorite into cream-coloured garnet rock containing patches of quartz. Between 45 and 70 feet south-west of the shaft a strong shear-zone striking north 35 degrees east was crossed. This does not appear to be the main fault that is found in the upper levels. A total of 444 feet of diamond-drilling was also completed on the 480-foot level during 1945. Additions have been made to the power plant and dumping equipment has been erected at the head-frame. Twenty-two men are employed in the whole operation, which includes a small sawmill. (49° 124° N.W.) This company has taken over the Marble Bay mine Marble Bay from L. A. Prosser. The old Marble Bay shaft has been unwatered to Mining Co.f a point 60 feet below the sixth level and some exploratory diamond- drilling was done from the fifth level. Diamond-drilling during 1945, including a large number of holes drilled from the surface, totalled 8,000 feet. George Griffiths is in charge at the mine. Eight men were employed. (49° 124° N.W.) During 1945 this old property, 1 mile east of Loyal.:): Blubber Bay and now covered by the Bay-Sun group of claims, was prospected by the International Mining Corporation, 85 Richmond Street West, Toronto, with J. M. Baker in charge. The ground was thoroughly mapped and several diamond-drill holes put down. The results were inconclusive and the work was suspended in July, 1945. PORT ALBERNI.t During 1945 the road up China Creek from Port Alberni to the Havilah mine was reconditioned. Preliminary exploration of this property was undertaken by Mr. Greene and associates, of Port Alberni, but it is reported that little besides reconditioning the camps was accomplished. Farther down Alberni Canal the road from Underwood Cove was extended beyond the junction of Museum and Franklin Creeks to the Black Panther mine. This prop- * By James Strang and John S. Stevenson. t By James Strang. t By John S. Stevenson. METAL-MINING (LODE). A 115 erty is under development by Nitinat Golds, Limited, of 221 Hall Building, Vancouver, B.C. It is reported that most of the work was confined to road-building and to erecting a small mill on the property. The Havilah and Black Panther properties have been fully described in the Annual Report of the Minister of Mines for 1944, pages 153-154 and pages 157-159. GREAT CENTRAL LAKE.* The main activity in this area was the work done by the Cangold Mining and Exploration Company on the Sherwood property near the headwaters of Drinkwater Creek. It is understood also that prospectors worked in the area between the headwaters of Drinkwater Creek and Bedwell River. Gold. (49° 125° S.W.) Company office, Credit Foncier Building, Vancouver, Sh rwood B.C.; Robert B. Gayer, Vice-President and Managing Director, Van- Cangold Mining couver, B.C.; Charles Bruder, Secretary-Treasurer, Vancouver, B.C.; and Exploration E. H. Bates, Mines Superintendent. Pioneer Gold Mines of B.C., Co., Ltd. Limited, did considerable underground work on this property in 1940. This work has been described fully in Bulletin 13 of the British Columbia Department of Mines, 1941, pages 86-95. Cangold Mining and Exploration Company, Limited, took over the option on the Sherwood property in the early part of 1945. The property consists of twenty claims and fractions and is located on the headwaters of Drinkwater Creek, approximately 9 miles by road and trail north-west of the upper end of Great Central Lake. An old logging-railway grade, extending north-west from the lake for a distance of 5% miles, was repaired and converted into a well-graded truck-road. This work included the repairing of several bridges. The company also ran a location-line, 19,500 feet long, for a road from the end of the railroad grade to the bottom of the hill below the mine. The camp buildings at the mine were repaired and an average crew of ten men was employed at the property from May 25th to October 30th. The work undertaken consisted of surface-stripping, surveys for camps, mill-site, tram-line, and power-site, together with Crown-grant surveys for the claims held by location. Repair-work was carried on in the lower adit, the raise from No. 7 level to No. 5 level, and the sub-level off No. 5 level; the raise and sub-level were also surveyed and sampled. Surface-prospecting above the present mine-workings found outcrops of several new gold-bearing quartz veins. These were discovered late in the season and remain to be opened up by stripping and trenching. According to reports the work accomplished during the 1945 season has enabled the executive to decide on the construction of a 50-ton mill and surface plant to provide power for further underground development and diamond-drilling. It is expected that this work will begin as early as possible in 1946. „ ,, HERBERT ARM.t Gold. (49° 125° S.W.) Company office, 815 Hastings Street West, Van- Berton Gold couver, B.C.; B. L. Clayton, President and Superintendent; Russel Mines, Ltd. Walker, Vice-President; James E. Cameron, Secretary-Treasurer. Capital: 3,000,000 shares, no par value. During 1945 Berton Gold Mines, Limited, acquired the Abco property at the head of Herbert Arm. Since the last complete description of the property in the Annual Report of the Minister of Mines for 1935, pages F 40-F 43, it is understood that considerable underground work was * By John S. Stevenson and James Strang. t By John S. Stevenson. A 116 REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF MINES, 1945. done by Premier Gold Mines, Limited. During 1945 the present company did 44 feet of drifting. The average number of men employed was two. ZEBALLOS.* The producing mines in this area have been closed since 1942 but during this time watchmen have been kept at the three main producers, Privateer Mine, Limited, Spud Valley Gold Mines, Limited, and Central Gold Mines, Limited. The road from the town of Zeballos at the beach to the mines was kept in good condition by the Provincial Department of Public Works during the shut-down period. Late in October, 1945, Privateer Mine, Limited, sent a large crew of men to recondition the Privateer and Prident mines, preparatory to production early in 1946. Prospectors were active in the area during 1945 and several prospects were being opened up. However, since the Zeballos mining camp will be fully described in a forthcoming bulletin of the Department of Mines, only brief mention of prospecting activity will be given here. At the Beano property Victory Mines, Limited, had a small crew of men, under the supervision of V. Davies, engaged in building a tram-line from the end of the road to the mine. The road only recently constructed from the beach to the mine, is 3 miles long. Victory Mines, Limited, plan to mine and ship high-grade ore from the Beano early in 1946. At the Golden Portal, formerly Golden Gate, three men with one machine extended the drift on the one adit on the property. At the Barnacle property, on Lime Creek, A. Morod and W. MacLean continued hand-mining in the drift on their main vein and prospected other showings on the property. At the Churchill property, at the headwaters of Lime and P'ault Creeks, S. M. Ray and J. Foster continued surface-prospecting of a vein carrying values in silver and lead. At the Cordova property, on Black Sand Creek, R. V. Murphy continued underground work by hand on a strong quartz vein. At the I.X.L. property, on the north-east side of Spud Creek, V. Davies, owner, employed one man in driving a drift by hand on a high-grade gold-quartz vein. By the end of September, 1945, this drift was in about 40 feet. Gold. (50° 126° S.W.) Company office, 602 Stock Exchange Building, Van- Privateer Mine, couver, B.C.; D. S. Tait, President; N. E. McConnell, Managing Ltd.t Director; C. Harry Hewat, Manager. The Privateer mine in Spud Valley, about 4 miles by road from Zeballos, was reopened during October, 1945, after being closed down for about two years because of war conditions. The mine is being put in condition for operating; drifting is being carried on in the 1100 level and preparations are being made to take the water out of the shaft to open up the 1225 level. The Prident mine, which adjoins the Privateer and is connected to it by a crosscut and raise, is also operated by the Privateer Company. The 400, 500, and 600 levels in the Prident are being drifted on, preparatory to blocking out ore for stoping. It is expected that the mill at the Privateer will be in operation by the end of February, 1946. Thirty-eight men are employed on the surface and underground at the two mines. Development-work consisted of 40 feet of crosscutting and 525 feet of drifting. * By John S. Stevenson. t By James Strang. METAL-MINING (LODE). A 117 INSPECTION OF METAL MINES. BY James Dickson. PRODUCTION. The output of metal mines for 1945 was 4,377,722 tons. This tonnage was produced from thirty-six mines, of which twenty-seven produced 100 tons or more. FATAL ACCIDENTS IN METAL MINES (INCLUDING UNDERGROUND PLACER-MINING). There were nine fatal accidents in and around the metal mines and concentrators in 1945, being an increase of five over 1944. There was one fatality at a surface placer operation in Atlin and one teamster was killed on the highway near Bralorne. There were no fatalities in the quarries in 1945. There were 3,683 persons employed under and above ground in the metal mines and 822 persons in the concentrators in 1945. The ratio of fatal accidents per 1,000 persons employed was 1.99 compared with 0.87 in 1944. The tonnage mined per fatal accident during 1945 was 486,413 tons compared with 1,217,439 tons in 1944. The tonnage mined per fatal accident during the last ten-year period was 504,572 tons. The following table shows the mines at which fatal accidents occurred during 1945 and the comparative figures for 1944:— Mine. No. of Fatal Accidents. 1945. 1944. 1 2 1 1 3 1 2 1 1 9 4 The fatal accident which occurred to Richard Burrows, miner, Copper Mountain mine, on January 11th, 1945, resulted from a fall of ground while he was barring down near the top of a short raise which had been idle for some time. He was found in a semiconscious condition at the foot of the raise where he had rolled or been carried by a comparatively small amount of loose material. His partner was also found in an injured condition some distance away, but neither man was able to state what had occurred. Burrows died the following day from his injuries. The fatal accident which occurred to Robert Chimety, miner, Retallack Mines, Limited, Retallack (Whitewater), on February 8th, 1945, resulted from a fall of ground. Chimety and his partner had drilled fifteen holes through the slab that fell and injured both men. Chimety died while being taken to the hospital at Kaslo. A fatal accident occurred to Joseph I. Graas, chuteman, Sullivan mine, on February 20th, 1945, when he was struck by a rock while barring at a loading-chute. He was trying to bar a small rock from the chute when a larger rock came through the chute and caused him to lose his balance and fall into the car, where the smaller rock fell on him and killed him instantly. A fatal accident occurred to Clifford L. de Pencier, trackman, Sullivan mine, on March 12th, 1945, when he fell through an open dump while trying to pass a standing A 118 REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF MINES, 1945. train by passing along a spill block only 7 inches from the train. He slipped off the spill block and went down the raise. There was a crossover platform over the dump and a good footway on the other side of the track. A fatal accident occurred to Benjamin R. Stuart, tramway lineman, Silbak Premier Mining Company, on June 2nd, 1945, when he was struck on the head by a piece of a temporary gin-pole, which was being used to put the aerial tram rope into position. The pole broke when strained and a falling piece struck Stuart, who died from his injuries the following day. He had selected the gin-pole himself and after the accident it was found to be defective because of rot. This accident occurred in Alaskan territory, through which the Silbak Premier tram-line passes. The fatal accident which occurred to Edvin Benson, placer-miner, Wickstrom, Sunde, and Benson, Atlin, on July 30th, 1945, resulted from strangulation. Benson had attempted to enter and repair a stationary water-wheel, feet first, and apparently his weight was sufficient to cause the wheel to turn before he got completely inside, with the result that his head was caught on a board outside the wheel and one of the spokes pressed on his neck with a fatal result. He was alone at the time. A fatal accident occurred to Mirko Starcevic, barman, Sullivan mine, on August 27th, 1945, when he was struck and carried down the foot-wall on a 40-degree slope by moving muck. Starcevic was barring down loose material on the foot-wall and had a safety-rope with him, but while the rope was securely fastened to an eye-bolt, he had not secured himself to the rope. A fatal accident occurred to Frederick Curley, teamster, Bralorne mine, on September 4th, 1945, when he was run over by a run-away team of horses and wagon. While he was unloading the wagon at the incinerator, the horses took fright and bolted, causing Curley to fall from the wagon and slightly injure his arm, and the horses and wagon left the road. Curley went to the near-by hospital and had his arm treated, and several hours later went back to assist in getting the wagon onto the road. This was done, but the horses again bolted and Curley, in trying to stop them, was knocked down and run over, receiving injuries from which he died immediately. After his first injury, Curley had gone back merely to give instructions to the man who was to handle the horses while he was recovering. A fatal accident occurred to James Miron, miner, Bralorne Mines, Limited, on September 10th, 1945. He was carried down and suffocated by a run of muck which gave way over a hung-up chute. The fatal accident to Edward Pearce, mucker, Britannia Mining and Smelting Company, Limited, on October 24th, occurred when he fell in a grizzly through which he had just barred a large piece of ore. The ore carried his bar with it; he could not release his hold in time and he was pulled into the grizzly, which discharged through a series of wing raises for a distance of 250 feet. Death was apparently instantaneous. The fatal accident which occurred to Anthony D'Ercole, miner, Bralorne mine, on December 12th, 1945, resulted from a fall of ground where he was barring down after blasting. He was pinned down by a heavy slab of rock which had to be lifted by jacks before he could be released. This was accomplished about half an hour after the accident, but D'Ercole died before reaching the portal of the mine. DANGEROUS OCCURRENCES. On January 8th, 1945, a belt pulley on a 245-horse-power Winton engine in the power-house at the Whitewater mine at Retallack flew apart while the engine was being tested. The pulley, a new one, 68 inches in diameter with a 24-inch face, was of the split type and was made of cast iron. One piece tore a hole about 2 feet by 6 feet in the roof of the power-house and another piece made a small hole in the wall at the west end. The normal speed of the engine was 250 revolutions per minute but it was METAL-MINING (LODE). A 119 running at only 150 revolutions per minute when the pulley went to pieces. An examination of the pieces of the rim of the pulley showed blow-holes and defects in the casting and a variation in thickness in the rim of % to % of an inch. The pulley was obviously defective. No person was injured. On January 24th, 1945, in No. 2 shaft of Pioneer mine, the west-side cage was hoisted by error into the upper part of the shaft where heavy overburden had forced the shaft timbers out of alignment, and at a point above the main adit-level collar. This upper part of the shaft was not in use, pending repairs. It was not realized that the cage was hung up until a considerable length of slack rope was payed out on the west side while the east cage was being hoisted. The vibration of the east cage was apparently sufficient to free the west cage, which fell to the limit of the slack rope, at which point the cage was arrested with considerable damage to the shaft timbers, the cage, and the rope. No person was injured. The shaft was retimbered from the 500-foot level to the surface before the end of 1945. On February 11th, while one of the storage-battery locomotives was being lowered in No. 2 shaft, Pioneer mine, the locomotive fouled the shaft timbers and the storage- battery was thrown into a recess above the 1400-foot station and lodged there. The cage and locomotive were damaged but no person was injured. Additional precautions were adopted to prevent a recurrence of this type of mishap. On May 22nd, 1945, the power-house and power plant of the Whitewater mine at Retallack was entirely destroyed by fire. The origin of the fire was unknown but there is no evidence to show that it might have started from the exhausts from the Diesels. A plentiful supply of water under pressure was available but once the fuel and lubricating oil caught fire nothing could be done. Two of the engines in the power-house were running at the time. On August 24th, 1945, the rope raise of the 3901 shaft at the Sullivan mine, between the collar of the shaft and the head sheave, showed decided evidence of pressure. This raise was protected by a substantial concrete covering consisting of two side-walls about 14 inches thick, a centre partition between the Nos. 1 and 2 compartments about 6 inches thick, and an arched concrete slab over the back 12 to 14 inches thick. As the result of pressure from back-fill and possibly ground movements, the centre partition was completely crushed for a length of about 20 feet and the side- walls and roof slab, especially on the south side, showed signs of failure. The south compartment was then solidly filled with concrete for the distance affected, leaving a small hole through the centre for the hoisting-rope. On September 14th, following a heavy blast in which some 8,000 tons were broken 300 feet from the shaft, additional pressure developed in the north compartment. This was then reinforced by 12- by 14- inch timber for a distance of about 30 feet. There has been no evidence of movement since that time. About the 15th of November one of the main ventilating-fans at the Sullivan mine was completely destroyed by fire. This is a Sheldon aerodynamic 96-inch fan with a capacity of about 75,000 cubic feet per minute and driven by a 100-horse-power motor. It is located on the surface at the collar of the No. 14 shaft and is used to exhaust air from the mine. The fan-blades were broken in a manner which would suggest that some object had struck them while they were turning at practically full speed. One of the main bearings of the fan was also badly broken, although an examination showed that both bearings were well lubricated. There is no definite evidence which would indicate that the cause of the fire resulted from an electrical or mechanical defect. The fan is to be replaced as soon as possible. On November 4th, 1945, in No. 2 shaft, Pioneer mine, the descending east cage was temporarily arrested by newly installed guides which had swollen to oversize. The safety-catches also came into action and held the cage, although some 100 feet of A 120 REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF MINES, 1945. slack rope was payed out before the hoistman noticed the absence of the load. No person was injured and no damage resulted to equipment. On November 9th, 1945, the cook-house and dining-room at the Lucky Jim mine at Zincton were completely destroyed by fire. The fire apparently started in the hood over the stove, where it went through the attic of the cook-house. Although a plentiful supply of water under pressure was available, the fire could not be brought under control because of the difficulty of getting at the attic of the building. The recreation- hall is to be used for temporary cook-house accommodation until the spring. On November 10th, 1945, in No. 1 shaft, Island Mountain mine, a sump on the 3750 level overflowed and the water ran into the shaft ore-pocket, evidently causing a surge of ore which forced the lip of the chute to discharge into the shaft. This took place late in the afternoon shift. When the hoistman came on shift, both skips were at the surface and he lowered one to the shaft-bottom to put them in balance. When the other skip was lowered, it fouled the projecting chute and damaged the guides, but it was held there by the damaged guides, in which the safety-catches were firmly embedded, and by the chute. About 600 feet of slack rope had been unwound on top of the skip before this occurrence was discovered and 160 feet of rope at the skip end had to be cut off because of kinks. No person was injured. EXPLOSIVES USED IN MINES. During 1945 the quantity of explosives used in metal mines and quarries showed an increase over 1944. The high explosives amounted to 3,677,200 lb.; fuse detonators, 1,151,000; electric detonators, 28,200; delay electric detonators, 6,200; primacord, 135,000 feet; and safety-fuse, 7,315,000 feet. During 1945 the Inspector of Mines supervised the removal and destruction of small amounts of explosives found at abandoned properties. PROSECUTIONS (METALLIFEROUS). During 1945 there were no prosecutions for infractions of the " Metalliferous Mines Regulation Act." AIR-SAMPLING. Air samples were taken in cases where conditions indicated the possibility of noxious gases such as carbon monoxide or nitrous oxide being present, or oxygen content being below normal. The analyses showed no dangerous conditions but in some cases augmented ventilation was considered necessary and was ordered by the Inspector. DUST AND VENTILATION. The ventilation at all the larger mines and many of the smaller ones continues to show general improvement as the value of power-produced and controlled ventilation is recognized. Although there is room for improvement in the case of long single drifts and raises. They are receiving attention. The use of aluminium-dust therapy is now standard practice at all the larger mines in the Province and, from the reports available, has met with the full approval of the men employed. Only a few individuals, for various personal reasons, have refused this treatment and the total of those so objecting is less than a dozen. The number of the dustless Leyner drills in use has increased during 1945 and there is little doubt that all machine replacements will be of this type. The application of water and water sprays on muck-piles and at transfer points is not only on the increase but the men engaged at these points seem to be imbued with the value of this precaution instead of merely using the water because the regulations require it. METAL-MINING (LODE). A 121 SAFETY AND FIRST-AID WORK. The Mine Safety Associations in the different mining areas of the Province carried on and fostered first-aid work and safety education in their respective districts of Vancouver Island, Britannia, Princeton, East Kootenay, and Bridge River, to which work the safety engineers at the various mines and the District Inspectors of Mines added their efforts throughout 1945. In addition to their other activities, the above associations held first-aid and safety demonstrations at which not only the men engaged in the mines took part but also many women, girls, and boys, so that the value of safety and first aid beyond the immediate needs of the mines is being recognized. While the success of this work depends very largely on the efforts of the personnel of the Mine Safety Associations, the Department of Mines, by means of financial grants, supplies most of the funds required to meet any necessary expenses. The shortage of labour and the fact that so many of the new men entering the mines are inexperienced have placed greater responsibility on both management and experienced workmen to carry on safety education and to keep up the usual proportion of trained first-aid men. In spite of these difficulties, very good progress has been made during 1945. PLACER-MINING. CONTENTS. Atlin— PAGE- Spruce Creek - 123 Ruby Creek . ,_...: 124 Otter Creek '. 124 Boulder Creek . . 124 Consolation Creek 124 McKee Creek 124 Cariboo— Willow River 124 Big Valley Creek . 125 Williams Creek : 125 Antler Creek 126 Cunningham Creek 126 Lightning Creek 126 Cottonwood River . 126 Quesnel River . 126 Lillooet 127 ATLIN* During 1945 no new development or increase in production took place and the large surface operations were idle. Spruce Creek. (59° 133° N.W.) J. H. Eastman, Managing Director. Capital: Dre m New 50,000 shares, $1 par; issued, 50,000. This is the largest underground Year' and placer operation in the district. The company has a lease or lay from Shamrock Leases, John W. Noland, which will expire on August 25th, 1946. Actual Columbia Devel- mining operations at present are on the Shamrock and New Year opment, Ltd. ieases. Because of the time-limit on the lease, work is being concentrated on the rich section in the centre of the pay-channel, and the B and J drives which were being advanced outside the pay-channel have been discontinued. Pillar-extraction is also being carried on by the method described in previous reports. Haulage is by storage-battery locomotive on B drive. The company has been short of labour and has been able to work only one shift, employing thirty-three men. (59° 133° N.W.) J. W. Noland, Operator. During 1945 operations Dream Lease, were carried on intermittently, with seldom more than three men employed. The work included removing pillars and driving a small drift for drainage toward workings on the Shamrock lease of Columbia Development, Limited. Mr. Noland has also acquired the leases of the Spruce Creek Mining Company, Limited, but has not done any mining on them yet. Several other leases, each employing one to three men, most of whom were laymen in partnerships, were worked during 1945. * By Charles Graham. 123 Ruby Creek. (59° 133° N.E.) J. H. Eastman, Managing Director. Capital: 50,000 _. , _ shares, $1 par; issued, 50,000. This company has taken an option stone, and on *ne Gladstone and Graystone leases owned by E. Krumbeigel, and Redstone Leases, has staked the Redstone lease. Mr. Krumbeigel had sunk a 7%- by Columbia Devel- 4%-foot two-compartment shaft to a depth of 141 feet when he was opment, Ltd. forced to stop by a lack of finance. The shaft passes through 133 feet of lava and penetrates 8 feet into the underlying gravel. The shaft was unwatered by two Cornish beam pumps driven by a water-wheel, and the guides and ladder-way were renewed. The hoist is gasoline-driven and uses half-inch cable; it has a drum 16 inches wide and 6 inches in diameter, a cone clutch, and a foot brake. A Canadian blower- fan with 8-inch discharge, which is belt-driven from the water-wheel, was installed. (59° 133° N.E.) Wickstrom, Sande, and Nelson, laymen. The Farmer Lease, property, owned by J. W. Noland, has been worked previously by other laymen. The present operators were opening up the inclined shaft and building a shaft-house; a water-wheel, sluice-boxes, and a flume. The hoist will be operated from the water-wheel. Otter Creek (59° 133° N.E.). Walter Johnson and Company, of San Francisco, have acquired the property of the Compagnie Francaise des Mines d'Or du Canada. The ground was tested by Keystone- drilling during the summer of 1945. Boulder Creek (59° 133° N.E.). Lay of Norman Fisher and partners. The property is owned by the Consolidated Mining and Smelting Company of Canada, Limited, and is worked as a lay by Mr. Fisher and six other men. It is a hydraulic operation, having two runs of water daily, each lasting from three to four hours. Consolation Creek (59° 133° N.E.). This creek runs into Gladys Lake, north-east of Atlin. Men and materials are flown in or taken up Surprise Lake by boat and over a trail to the creek. During the spring of 1945 seven men, working in partnership, sunk an 8- by 4-foot shaft to a depth of 47 feet. They are now on rim and have started to drive up-stream to locate a channel. McKee Creek (59° 133° S.W.). Three groups of two men each are driving drifts into the bench on three leases. CARIBOO.* Willow River. (53° 121° S.W.) This private company works the Lowhee placer Lowhee Mining mine, situated on Lowhee Creek which empties into Jack of Clubs Co., Ltd. Lake at Wells. The shortage of water resulting from extremely small snowfall during the winter of 1944-45 curtailed the amount of work done at this property. A connection between Lowhee and Stouts Gulches was not made and the reason for the difference in the bed-rock elevations of the two gulches still remains unknown. It was impossible to make a complete clean-up with the result that production decreased. It was necessary to put a dam and flush-gate in the ditch to get intermittent flows of water of sufficient volume to move material through the long » By J. A. Mitchell. PLACER-MINING. A 125 4-foot flume. It was also necessary to sledge a greater proportion of boulders than in previous years. J. House, Superintendent, supplied the information that work began on April 16th and was stopped on October 25th, about 125,000 cubic yards of gravel having been moved from the pit. The crew consisted of twelve men and a cook. The mine was worked on staggered shifts. (53° 121° S.W.) J. Chouse, with a new partner, C. Theriault, piped J. Powell Estate intermittently for six weeks and, despite a shortage of water, removed Lease. about 7,000 cubic yards of gravel. The pay-streak is under about 60 feet of gravel, slum, and boulder-clay. The rest of the season was spent on maintenance-work. Other operators within the Willow River drainage-basin are:— J. Fry, who continued to maintain the Rouchon Creek pit with one other man and a cook. C. Risberg, on Kong Foo Creek. P. McColm, who continued working the shallow ground on the Dr. Hougen lease at Beaver Pass. K. K. Langford, who continued with the tunnel started in 1944 at the confluence of Aura Fina Creek and Tregillus Creek. Ailport Bros., who sluiced 1,000 cubic yards on their lease on Nelson Creek. J. J. Gunn, layman on Red Gulch near Wells. E. Rask, who reported the removal of 3,000 cubic yards on his ground in Devil's Canyon. Wm. Hong, who reported piping out 6,000 cubic yards on the Toon Sing Tong claim on Slough Creek. Tom Elder, who removed 6,000 cubic yards from his lease on the east shore of Jack of Clubs Lake. L. Bedford and K. Huttula, who removed an estimated 1,000 cubic yards by drifting on the Barton lease in Devil's Canyon. B. Stoyva, who removed 2,000 cubic yards from the Waldron lease on Burns Creek. R. McDougall, who employed five men cleaning up bed-rock in the old Ketch pit and moved an estimated 15,000 cubic yards of ground. Big Valley Creek (53° 121° S.W.).* The Freeport Exploration Company, between June 27th and August 7th, 1945, drilled a total footage of 542 feet by Keystone drill on Big Valley Creek, on leases which have now been allowed to lapse. Five holes were drilled in a line across the valley, the line being 750 feet north of the final post of Lease 4540. The first of these holes was about 100 feet east of the road and about 500 feet north of the point where the road crosses Stewart Creek. From this hole the line continues eastward with holes at intervals of 200 feet. The first hole reached bed-rock at a depth of 38 feet, the second at 62 feet, the third at 73 feet, the fourth at 109 feet; the fifth hole was stopped at a depth of 103 feet without reaching bed-rock. The total footage drilled includes some drilling on holes which were abandoned because of difficulties and were redrilled. The material was glacial drift, consisting of silt and boulder-clay, with some sand and gravel. Williams Creek. Operators in this subdivision of the Willow River drainage-basin are:— J. Marok, who piped 2,000 cubic yards in sniping operations in Stouts Gulch. R. Sehl and M. Landyga, laymen, who removed 2,000 cubic yards from Mink Gulch. * Based on information supplied by the company. I A 126 REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF MINES, 1945. K. Johannson, operating a small monitor on Walker Gulch. J. J. Curtis, who continued to operate until midsummer on the east side of Williams Creek opposite the town of Barkerviile. Antler Creek. Operators who worked within the Antler Creek drainage-basin include:— Wm. Moore, who continued to pipe the shallow ground of the Waverly Placers on Grouse Creek. N. M. Hansen, on Nugget Gulch. E. S. Dowsett, on Wolf Creek. J. A. Sauve, at the junction of Nugget Gulch and Antler Creek. Guyet Placers, Limited, on Mount Guyet. C. Bindschedlar, who reported ground-sluicing 55 cubic yards of gravel. A. Horn and T. Peterson, partners, who reported the removal of 1,200 cubic yards. J. Doody, on Pinus Creek. M. A. Anderson, on Eight-mile Lake. Cunningham Creek. The leases of Wm. Beamish and D. Jorgenson were both worked. Lightning Creek. Operators who worked during 1945 within the Lightning Creek drainage-basin include :•— I. I. Felker, who worked his lease on Butcher Bench. Messrs. Hind and Freeman, who were piping in Grub Gulch. Mr. and Mrs. L. Biggs, on Houseman Creek. Magnus Sundburg, on Donovan Creek. Alfred Brown, who was sinking a shaft at the mouth of Last Chance Creek. Collins Pacific, Limited (N.P.L.), drilling on Peters Creek. Mr. and Mrs. B. Carlson, on Angus Creek, adjoining Slade Placers on the west, who removed 1,300 cubic yards of shallow gravels by piping. They also acquired a portion of the Slade Placers ground which had been allowed to lapse. Cottonwood River. (53° 122° N.W. and S.W.) These interests have large leaseholdings A. E. Kent on the Swift River and elsewhere in the Cariboo. During 1945 Interests. additional leases were acquired and test-pitting done on leases already held. A large number of test-pits was put down in Lost Valley, which lies immediately east of the Swift River about 1% miles above its confluence with the Cottonwood River. Pits were also sunk along the Swift River just above the Cottonwood. Quesnel River. A. E. Kent Interests.—-(52° 122° N.E.) These interests acquired during 1945 a special lease on the Quesnel River about 12 miles from Quesnel. Test-pits were sunk on part of this lease. (52° 122° N.E.) Company office, c/o Glenville A. Collins, Royal Bank North American Building, Vancouver, B.C. This company has acquired 5 miles of Goldfields, Ltd. special leases at Beavermouth on the Quesnel River. A dredge was under construction during the summer and early autumn. Machinery for this dredge was ordered early in 1945 but it was not delivered. Some repairs were done on the Quesnel River Road between Dragon Lake and about the Erickson Creek Hill. PLACER-MINING. A 127 The same company owns a special lease on French Flats, close to Quesnel, and it has also acquired the old Ashby and Speers property on the North Fork of Quesnel River. Lease of P. L. Cameron.—(52° 121° N.W.) This lease is at the mouth of Goose Creek on the south-east shore of Cariboo Lake. After trying unsuccessfully for several years to reach the channel up-stream from old workings, the operators attempted to drill it in 1945. It is understood that the drill-hole, which was located about 700 feet from the lake-shore, went through 21 feet of gravel then glacial clay to 84 feet when the hole and 60 feet of casing were lost. Cariboo Northland Mining Co.—(52° 121° N.E.) A. Von Alvensleben, Superintendent. Work on this company's ground on Cedar Creek was restricted to prospecting. Several test-pits were put down south-easterly or up-stream from the old showings. Lease of Adolph Anderson.—(53° 121° N.W.) At this small operation, A. Anderson continued to shovel into his sluices. Others working intermittently in the Keithley Creek area during 1945 include:— E. L
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Minister of Mines PROVINCE OF BRITISH COLUMBIA ANNUAL REPORT For the year ended 31st December 1945 British Columbia. Legislative Assembly [1947]
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Title | Minister of Mines PROVINCE OF BRITISH COLUMBIA ANNUAL REPORT For the year ended 31st December 1945 |
Alternate Title | REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF MINES INDEX. |
Creator |
British Columbia. Legislative Assembly |
Publisher | Victoria, BC : Government Printer |
Date Issued | [1947] |
Genre |
Legislative proceedings |
Type |
Text |
FileFormat | application/pdf |
Language | English |
Identifier | J110.L5 S7 1947_V01_02_A1_A220 |
Collection |
Sessional Papers of the Province of British Columbia |
Source | Original Format: Legislative Assembly of British Columbia. Library. Sessional Papers of the Province of British Columbia |
Date Available | 2016 |
Provider | Vancouver : University of British Columbia Library |
Rights | Images provided for research and reference use only. For permission to publish, copy or otherwise distribute these images please contact the Legislative Library of British Columbia |
CatalogueRecord | http://resolve.library.ubc.ca/cgi-bin/catsearch?bid=1198198 |
DOI | 10.14288/1.0332456 |
AggregatedSourceRepository | CONTENTdm |
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