PROVINCE OF BRITISH COLUMBIA ANNUAL EEPOET OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31ST 1936 PRINTED BY AUTHORITY OF THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY. VICTORIA, B.C. : Printed by Charles F. Banfield, Printer to the King's Most Excellent Majesty. 1937. To His Honour Eric W. Hamber, Lieutenant-Governor of the Province of British Columbia. May it please Your Honour : The Annual Report of the Department of Labour of the Province for the year 1936 is herewith respectfully submitted. GEORGE S. PEARSON, Minister of Labour. Office of the Minister of Labour, July, 1937. The Honourable George S. Pearson, Minister of Labour. Sir,—I have the honour to submit herewith the Nineteenth Annual Report on the work of the Department of Labour up to December 31st, 1936. I have the honour to be, Sir, Your obedient servant, ADAM BELL, Deputy Minister of Labour. Department of Labour, Victoria, B.C., July, 19S7. SUMMARY OF CONTENTS. Page. Report of the Deputy Minister 7 Statistics of Trades and Industries 7 Total Pay-roll 7 Comparison of Pay-rolls '. 8 Change in Wage-rates 9 Apprentices 10 Average Weekly Wage by Industries 10 Increased Employment 13 Variation of Employment 14 Nationalities of Employees 15 Statistical Tables 16 Summary of all Tables : 29 Board of Industrial Relations 30 Statistics for Women and Girls 30 Labour Turnover in each Group 37 Inspections and Collections 38 Court Cases 38 Wage Comparisons 44 New Orders 45 " Hours of Work Act " 1 45 Comparison with Previous Years •— 46 Average Weekly Hours 46 Summary of Existing Orders 48 Complete List of Orders 63 Labour Legislation 65 Labour Disputes and Conciliation ■ 67 Summary of Labour Disputes 73 Inspection of Factories 74 Inspections, Accident-prevention 74 Prosecutions 75 Child-labour 75 Home-work 76 Elevators 76 Employment Service 78 Conditions during the Year 79 Handicap Sections .. 79 Business transacted 81 Unemployment Relief 82 Forestry Training 82 Placer-mining Training 82 Winter Work Projects ...: 83 Statement of Relief 83 Apprenticeship Branch 87 " Trade-schools Regulation Act " 89 Text of Act 90 REPORT OF THE DEPUTY MINISTER OF LABOUR FOR 1936. In submitting the Nineteenth Annual Report of the Department of Labour, 1936 can best be summed up as a year of solid fulfilment of the bright promise of 1935. The statistical period under review was marked by a further notable recovery from the long period of depression that followed the collapse of the 1929 boom. The fact that the advance has been steady rather than spectacular should inspire confidence in the future and justify the expectation that employment and purchasing-power will continue to expand. STATISTICS OF TRADES AND INDUSTRIES. The continued improvement in business conditions as shown ini the following statistical survey is sufficient evidence that the strict enforcement of labour legislation has not had the dire effect upon business conditions so often claimed by those who either do not understand or fail to appreciate its real benefits. The legislation is intended to fix for employees a minimum return for their labour, to control excessive working-hours, and give to employers equitable competitive conditions in so far as wages and working-hours are concerned. A study of the statistics will reveal that industry and business has not been handicapped, but, on the contrary, has shown steady growth, resulting in larger pay-rolls, shorter hours, increased earnings for the workers, and increased employment. EMPLOYERS RETURNS TOTAL 4,357. The total number of firms reporting in time for tabulation in the tables was 4,357, compared with 4,153' in 1935, an increase of 204, which in itself refutes the claim made by some that labour legislation has been responsible for firms being forced out of business1. PAY-ROLL. The aggregate of the twenty-five tables as shown in the summary shows a pay-roll for the 4,357 firms of $107,492,076. This figure should not be accepted as the total pay-roll of the Province, as we are only dealing with industrial pay-rolls, and must be augmented by the following, bringing the total to $142,349,591, or an increase of $16,537,451 over 1935. During 1933 the statistics revealed a pay-roll of $99,126,663; the figures for 1936 thus show an increase of $43,222,938 over the three-year period. Pay-roll of 4,357 firms making returns to Department of Labour- - $107,492,076.00 Returns received too late to be included in above summary 553,965.00 Employees in occupations included in Department's inquiry, not sending in returns (estimated pay-roll) - 1,350,000.00 Transcontinental railways (ascertained pay-roll) 12,153,550.00 Dominion and Provincial Government workers - 5,500,000.00 Wholesale and retail firms..- — 2,900,000.00 Delivery, cartage and teaming, warehousing, butchers, moving-picture operators, coal and wood yards, and auto transportation _ - 3,500,000.00 Ocean services and express companies. - — — 7,500,000.00 Miscellaneous _ —- —- - - - 1,400,000.00 Total - -— - $142,349,591.00 The percentage of the total payable to wage-earners has again shown an increase; this is only to be expected and is additional evidence of either increased employment or higher weekly T 8 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. earnings for those employed. Fortunately, the figures show both increased employment and increased earnings; the percentages are shown in the following table:— 1932. 1933. 1934. 1935. 1936. Officers, superintendents, and managers. Clerks, stenographers, and salesmen Per Cent. 12.77 14.93 72.30 Per Cent. 12.08 13.62 74.30 Per Cent. 11.05 12.71 76.24 Per Cent. 11.06 12.65 76.29 Per Cent. 10.54 11.70 77.76 Totals .. ■ 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 COMPARISON OF PAY-ROLLS. Of the twenty-five tables, twenty-three show an increased pay-roll, while two reveal a decrease. The lumber industry again headed the list of industries with an increase of $5,446,047, followed by contracting with $1,379,909 and Coast shipping with $1,322,060; metal-mining increased by $1,252,308; food products with an addition of $1,072,582, followed by metal trades with $877,637; wood (N.E.S.) showed an increase of $659,519; public utilities, $608,265; oil-refining, $437,116; smelting, $402,628; pulp and paper mills, $400,688' coal-mining, $352,028; explosives and chemicals with $265,333; miscellaneous trades, $203,286 house-furnishings, $172,512; builders' materials, $149,569; printing and publishing, $99,019 breweries, $98,5321; laundries, cleaning and dyeing, $90,086; paint-manufacture, $73,39'9 garment-making, $51,459; jewellery-manufacture, $15,446; leather and fur goods, $13,486. The two industries showing a decrease in the annual pay-roll were headed by cigar and fobacoo manufacturing with $17,223 and ship-building, $1,444. The pay-rolls covering the past three years can be conveniently compared in the1 following table:—■ Industry. 1934. No. of Firms porting. Total Pay-roll. 1935. No. of Firms reporting. Total Pay-rolL 1936. No. of Firms porting. Total Pay-roll. Breweries Builders' materials.. Cigar and tobacco manufacturing.. Coal-mining Coast shipping Contracting Explosives and chemicals- Food products Garment-making House-furnishing Manufacturing jewellery —. Laundries, cleaning and dyeing Manufacturing leather and fur goods.. Lumber industries Metal trades Metal-mining Miscellaneous Oil-refining Paint-manufacture Printing and publishing- Pulp and paper mills Ship-building Smelting Street-railways, etc Manufacturing wood (N.E.S.). Totals 30 63 7 25 111 662 9 535 62 78 40 633 665 389 187 20 10 129 15 34 7 94 94 $751; 643, 29, 3,198, 6,932, 4,703, 804, 8,790, 528, 614, 158, 1,013, 305, 14,951, 4,819, 8,218, 2,729, 1,729 226. 2,723, 3,911, 753, 4,313, 7,735, 1,175, ,440.20 .681.40 .638.20 911.30 756.80 241.50 290.60 400.30 344.20 571.50 874.80 741.70 646.30 858.30 .806.40 .487.40 ,705.80 ,387.80 .536.40 ,886.70 ,116.30 .155.20 ,022.80 ,931.10 ,948.00 37 76 6 24 110 705 13 562 61 49 9 87 46 656 683 353 262 24 10 130 17 43 4 96 90 $81,764,381.00 4,153 $845 802 23, 3,064, 7,736, 5,717, 985, 8,836, 613, 733, 177 1,180, 454 18,077 6,134, 8,280 3,450 1,912 251 3,172 4,294 939, 4,300 8,536, 1,548 643.30 305.60 532.50 399.10 ,267.50 448.50 511.00 143.70 258.10 428.80 148.50 647.20 .269.10 711.20 803.50 ,457.60 312.20 277.80 019.60 ,740.20 668.00 555.10 ,083.20 318.90 ,917.70 36 74 5 27 116 787 16 551 59 56 10 91 50 747 698 311 269 31 14 135 14 43 3 108 106 $92,068,867.90 4,357 $944, 951, 6 3,416 9,058 7,097 1,250 9,908 664 905 192 1,270 467, 23,523, 7,012 9,532 3,653 2,349 323 3,271 4,695 938, 4,702, 9,144, 2,208, ,176.00 ,875.00 309.00 428.00 ,328.00 358.00 844.00 726.00 718.00 ,941.00 595.00 ,734.00 ,706.00 ,759.00 ,441.00 ,766.00 ,599.00 ,394.00 ,419.00 ,760.00 ,356.00 ,111.00 ,712.00 ,584.00 ,437.00 $107,492,076.00 REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1936. T 9 INDUSTRIAL DIVISIONS. With the object of localizing the industrial activities in the Province, we have set up three industrial divisions, consisting of Greater Vancouver, Vancouver Island, and Rest of Mainland; with increased activity in lumbering and mining, it is to be expected that the Greater Vancouver area will suffer and during 1936 the percentage dropped from 39.06 per cent, to 33.97 per cent.; while Vancouver Island increased from 15.84 per cent, in 1985 to 18.43 per cent, in 1936. The Mainland also showing a gain from 45.10 per cent, in 1935 to 47.60 per cent, in 1936. The percentages quoted are based on the returns received, and the same proportion applied to the other figures which make up the total pay-roll. 1932. 1933. 1934. 1935. 1936. $48,183,910.64 37,980,864.59 16,792,298.77 $41,831,447.67 37,965,508.24 19,329,697.37 $45,972,307.59 47,289,695.86 20,305,950.09 $49,142,221.94 56,728,693.99 19,941,224.22 $48,356,156.06 67,758,405.32 26,235,029.-62 Totals — $102,957,074.00 $99,126,653.28 $113,567,953.54 $125,812,140.15 $142,349,591.00 CHANGES IN WAGE-RATES. For a number of years we have shown a table giving the number of adult male workers who from the returns are receiving less, than $19 per week, and a steady improvement can be seen. A decrease of 2,201 is shown from the 1935 total and of 5,895 from the total for 1933. Adult Male Workers employed at Low Rates of Wages. Weekly Rate. 1927. 1928. 1929. 1930. 1931. 1932. 1933. 1934. 1935. 1936. Under $6 „ 1 11 10 9 44 72 194 171 317 619 602 1,199 1,260 1 3 10 26 70 44 214 143 283 679 574 1,092 1,252 1 97 27 49 110 494 588 1,267 1,550 1,409 3 47 57 88 182 184 816 954 1,024 1,950 1,948 3 35 81 79 147 526 550 1,174 953 1,973 2,675 3,322 1,989 2,757 107 167 420 367 683 914 810 2,145 1,809 2,204 3,159 2,754 2,318 2,574 96 405 728 592 1,187 1,063 809 2,550 2,145 2,436 2,965 2,780 2,280 2,927 378 166 191 257 361 489 473 2,742 1,372 1,952 2,502 4,757 2,081 3,513 304 172 122 125 250 295 352 1,745 1,167 1,413 2,192 5,300 2,267 3,575 243 $6 to $6.99 — 98 7 to 7.99 — 8 to 8.99. - 9 to 9.99 111 308 10 to 10.99... - 273 11 to 11.99 341 19, t,o 1299 13 to 13.99 14 to 14.99 1,640 1,949 15 to 15.99 16 to 16.99 -.. 4,543 2,216 17 to 17.99 .. — 18 to 18.99 . ' 3,586 Totals — 4,409 4,391 5,592 7,253 16,264 20,431 22,972 21,234 19,279 17,078 The following shows the various industries as represented in the tables, with the total number of adult males employed for the week of employment of the greatest number, tog-ether with the percentages of those in receipt of less than $19 per week:— Industry. Cigar and tobacco manufacturing- Leather and fur goods.- -. Wood (N.E.S.) -- - Garment-making _ Builders' materials House-furnishing — Miscellaneous trades and industries- Laundries, cleaning and dyeing. Food products Metal trades ._. - Number employed. Per Cent. 8 75.00 271 47.60 2,104 47.43 173 45.66 938 37.63 566 36.93 2,894 34.11 520 31.54 9,741 30.71 3,936 28.30 T 10 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. Number employed. 117 Per Cent. 28.21 23,907 21.22 1,209 19.27 766 19.06 3,271 19.05 504 18.06 1,048 17.56 — „ 9,084 14.72 6,252 13.87 2,995 13.36 . „ 4,594 12.06 48 10.42 1,039 9.72 2,727 6.89 Metal-mining - — 7,719 2.76 For the year 1936 considerable improvement is noted in the above figures, the highest percentage employed at less than $19 per week being 75.00 and the lowest, 2.76. APPRENTICES. The number of apprentices as shown in the summary of all tables, 902, should not be con« fused with the number of registered apprentices as shown in the report of the Director of Apprenticeship on page 87. Under both Male and Female Minimum Wage Acts, the Board of Industrial Relations grants apprenticeship permits in occupations where the Minimum Wage Orders are in effect and which have not at this date been brought within the scope of the " Apprenticeship Act." This partially accounts for the difference in the figures. It may be noticed that six apprentices are shown as in receipt of between $35 and $40 per week, and a reference to the tables will show the particular industry in which these are employed: Contracting, 2; metal trades, 1; street-railways, etc., 3. Seventeen are in receipt of from $30' to $35 per week, distributed as follows: Coast shipping, 1; metal trades, 2; printing and publishing, 5; street-railways, etc., 9. Prom the above it will be seen that there are apprentices employed who are not subject to either of the " Minimum Wage Acts " or the " Apprenticeship Act'' and are in all probability working under union recognition. Industries in which apprentices have found opportunities during the year are: Explosives and chemicals—increase, 5; garment-making, 16; house-furnishings, 17; leather and fur good!s, 6; metal trades, 14; pulp and paper manufacturing, 7; smelting, 26; street-railways, etc., 12; metal-mining and ship-building, 1 each. Decreases are noticeable in the food products group, 42; laundries, etc., 34; miscellaneous metal trades, 16; printing and publishing, 21; contracting, lumbering, and wood (N.E.S.), 4 each; breweries and coast shipping, 1 each. AVERAGE WEEKLY WAGE BY INDUSTRIES. The average weekly wage for adult male employees increased in twenty of the twenty-five tables, and the figures are for the week of employment of the greatest number. It is not claimed the averages shown would be the same for the whole year, as in many industries there is always broken time to contend with; the figures have been computed on the same basis as previous years and thus offer a fair comparison. As an example, Table 1 shows 3 at under $6 (this we have placed at $6), 2 are shown at from $8 to $8.99; we have called this $8.50 and applied the same procedure up to the $30 to $34.99 class. As some of the 45 employees shown in this group would be receiving varying sums between these amounts, we fix the rate for the 45 at $32 and apply the same principle to the following amounts up to those earning $45 to $49.99. The four employees earning $50 and over per week were taken to mean $50 only. REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1936. T 11 Average Full Week's Wages in each Industry (Adult Males only) . Industry. 1929. 1930. 1931. 1932. 1933. 1934. 1935. 1936. Breweries Builders' materials $27.70 28.04 26.58 30.18 32.84 30.57 24.61 26.56 28.68 26.74 36.61 23.16 29.03 26.54 29.50 35.24 26.21 30.50 25.58 40.81 27.87 30.25 33.09 30.70 25.49 $27.40 27.38 25.06 29.03 31.36 30.34 26.66 27.79 28.34 25.54 37.85 27.16 28.31 25.69 29.96 33.31 25.88 29.78 25.85 39.34 27.39 30.35 30.05 30.02 26.03 $27.58 25.81 20.40 28.40 29.63 27.41 26.78 23.43 22.51 23.18 31.29 25.29 25.81 21.09 27.74 30.02 23.43 31.24 26.11 39.78 25.94 29.58 30.44 29.11 23.67 $25.65 21.95 14.28 28.04 26.50 24.78 23.34 21,88 24.07 20.05 23.40 23.26 21.62 18.73 24.24 25.50 22.78 29.34 25.00 37.05 24.63 26.17 22.98 28.89 20.61 $25.70 20.54 14.67 26.80 27.62 23.37 20.66 21.12 25.29 18.91 30.55 21.78 20.73 18.00 22.70 25.62 22.13 23.78 22.53 32.82 21.21 25.25 23.83 24.51 18.05 $25.62 20.19 15.86 28.11 28.58 22.56 22.53 21.10 23.52 19.49 28.88 20.67 22.34 21.32 22.81 27.35 21.26 25.04 22.53 32.51 23.22 26.03 23.88 25.51 18.97 $25.79 22.07 16.59 28.49 26.23 22.72 25.34 22.00 21.29 20.05 31.54 21.92 20.06 22.41 23.67 28.65 22.29 25.55 21.53 32.31 23.53 25.83 25.82 27.09 18.69 $25.00 22.28 17.76 28.75 31 61 Coal-mining — 24 13 23.76 Garment-making House-furnishing— 22.74 21.29 Manufacturing leather and fur goods.— 20.48 24 41 Miscellaneous trades and industries 22.07 Paint-manufacturing _. 21.44 32.72 Pulp and paper manufacturing 24.24 24.54 Street-railways, gas, water, power, 27.60 Manufacturing of wood (N.E.S.) — 20.32 The increases and decreases in the average weekly rates are as follows: Increase. Builders' materials $0, Cigar and tobacco manufacturing 1, Coal-mining Coast shipping 5. Contracting 1. Food products, manufacture of 1. Garment-making 1, House-furnishing 1, Jewellery, manufacturing of 2 Laundries, cleaning and dyeing B reweries Explosives and chemicals.— Miscellaneous trades and industries 21 16 26 38 41 16 45 24 .85 .33 Decrease. 1.79 .58 .22 Lumber industries $2.42 Manufacturing leather and fur goods .42 Metal trades .74 Metal-mining .45 Oil-refining .66 Printing and publishing .41 Pulp and paper manufacturing .71 Ship-building .55 Street-railways, gas, water, power, telephones, etc .41 Manufacturing of wood (N.E.S.) 1.63 Paint-manufacturing $0.09 Smelting 1.28 INDUSTRIAL WAGE. The average weekly wage for all adult male employees was $26.36, an increase of $2.27 over 1935, and the following table shows the average for each year since the formation of the department:— - — $27.97 29.11 31.51 27.62' 1922 — 27.29 1923 28.05 1918- 1919.. 1920- 1921- 1924. 1925- 1926- 1927... 1928. 1929- $28.39 27.82 27.99 28.29 28.96 29.20 T 12 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. 1930 $28.64 1931 1932 26.17 23.62 1933— 22.30 1934. 1935. 1936. $23.57 24.09 26.36 AVERAGE WEEKLY WAGES PAID TO ADULT MALE EMPLOYEES. 1918—1936 AVERAGE WEEKLY WAGES YEAR 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 * 32.00 31.00 30.00 29.OO 28. OO 27.00 26.00 25.OO 24.00 23.OO 22. OO A 1 i\ 1 \ \ \ \ \ -~^y- / \ \ \ i \ 1 \ / \ ■K V 30* 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 1934 1935 1936 a 1 ■ 1 1 !i ■ ' i_ il r L 1 I 1 t 1 1 1 1 1 1 i 1 1 i '!_ 1 1 1 |_ j- | i_ _■_ X _ ± ll Mt ! II 1 ■ i h r 1 r-t t- t- t- t- <D W rHCO IO (O CS Ol IO r» fc- fc- to fc- a a tN Cs r-t CJ w r- r- 1 ii 0i is > 0 ir C M Cv O if CO 04 c ■-a •<* c o ir c CM © if c ir ■a ta CD ci 01 O ITS © iO o *o c s <> CM CC er «4 ■"* IC « +J rr f -P -P o o g c US O Ui O IO o io o W IN CO « V ■* IO J^OOOOOOOC JJ-P+ipHi+Jp4J rt jhIOOIOOIOOIOO KHtNNMCO^-'l'iQ moooooooS D4J-p+i4J+)-p+i rt E-moioo»ooioo KHCNNMCO^^ia REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1936. T 13 INCREASED EMPLOYMENT. The average number of wage-earners continued1 to increase; January, 1936, shows 60,666 employed, which figure increased to a peak during September with 81,203, declining to 69,957 for the month of December, a total of 9,301 in excess of the beginning of the year. To realize the full effect of the recovery, attention may be directed to the employment figures in January, 1933, when 20,076 wage-earners were shown as employed, and to the figure for December, 1936, when 69,957 were recorded, an increase in four years of 49,881. These figures are only for the firms making returns in time to be classified and do not include officers, superintendents, and managers, or clerks, stenographers, and salesmen, but cover only those who are in receipt of wages: as shown in line 3 of question 1 in the summary of all tables. From the above it will be seen that there is every reason to feel proud of the progress made and gives encouragement to continue creating conditions which will bring a living to those who so. far have not found steady employment. The following chart depicts the employment curve for 1921 and from 1929, the peak year, to 1986:— T 14 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. *hT3 Oj 0> X >> p ft G *i£ w r.rd nj OJ ,0 >, S.2 3 ft 5 a UU 1—1 UN I—< UJ IV tTJ co <o ro to co io t- rH tf CO tf N March, r., and Oct. i j [ Xi X Oi OJ fc fc <! » « cj 3 «j £ fc fc hj fr rtrtcdQJrt^ciJvUCjaicDjjcjajrtrt^ * -j^b^rjfCirjfeh&nfll-sEliWrjrjfe fc CM©r-t IO<C01MO)!flt-00«lOt-(00 t-rHr-t ©COOOlOCTiCqcTSC-vD^OOCOCvlM CCGO t- "3" © D- -3< <CO 00 IO ^ H H H O N IO* CD rH rH Q "$ CO 04 IO O CO N N O H W O CC N Cl CO CO 00 r-l O CO H CO* CO IO CN > b ft w £ ft o £ q o 3 ° 3 3 i H ru u rj ft 3 ft HOrDroroo-nrs^^MMHroa) OjoorjorM^iioJooio-^r^rrDurjOJOoro h r- M io ^ .J uj M rr, n ^ oj o in ci co CO ^* P oi n ^" rj" u p C rt to June and Feb. h 1 X j i ] : <pr<pii(i-jji-jjJ-s<lJ-si-aS JJBjBCBOJJJ! S> d £ d d d S. £ £ NrOr."rrcnirJrDrorOMWr- C~i ^— ro r*. r in ,— ,o i^. ^ w. »* orj orj O Ol CD tr- t- CO w, .. .*- ^. 1 1 00 —~ n rrj ro ^ t- ro ■r# m" ci co 00 00 OJ O 00 P Crj IM* tfi P rSsa SsSsB^orj^tSggsjBjgSgaBiao E E QJ » M' Oj -O rr, S B J. : 5 " £ I o be +J I - rt co oj OJ S3 E ■m G „ 0, £ ~j * ? B oj oj 1* 2 5 3 S Pf S 5 5 3 6 g E SmS oooHsoShnSijSgg ; rd X> : ft i, OJ ^. J CO ft H .- § _0 to a 'I 5 3 rrj qj OJ BB a « '£ G '£ B£ « REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1936. T 15 NATIONALITIES OF EMPLOYEES. Of the total 106,439 employees reported tinder nationalities, 80,276, or 75.42 per cent., were natives of English-speaking- countries, a decrease of 1.27 per cent.; 15,789, or 14.83 per cent., were originally from Continental Europe, an increase of 0.32 per cent; natives of Asiatic countries employed showed a total of 7,939, or 7.46 per cent., increasing 0.38 per cent. Employees from other countries also increased from 1.72 to 2.29' per cent. 1931. 1932. 1933. ' 1934. 1935. 1936. Natives of English-speaking countries Per Cent. 73.60 15.48 7.07 3.85 Per Cent. 75.26 14.57 8.40 1.77 Per Cent. 76.30 14.62 7.80 1 9.9. Per Cent. 72.83 15.25 8.28 3.64 Per Cent. 76.69 14.51 7.08 1.72 Per Cent. 75.42 14.83 7.46 From other countries, or nationality not 2 29 Totals 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 FIRMS WITH LARGE PAY-ROLLS. Following the general trend of recovery indicated in 1936, the number of firms with a total pay-roll of over $100,000 again increased from 150 in 1935 to 174 in 193'6. As in previous reports, pay-rolls of public authorities (Dominion, Provincial, or municipal) are not included, nor are wholesale and retail firms, transcontinental railways, or vessels engaged in deep-sea transportation. The lumber industry continued to lead, with 63 firms, an increase of 13, followed by food products with 22, an increase of 4; metal-mining, 17, up 1; Coast shipping, 10', up 1; public utilities, 7; general contracting, 6, up 1; garages, printing and publishing, pulp and paper mills, and oil-refining, with 5 each; coal-mining and miscellaneous metal trades, 4 each; breweries and wood (N.E.S.), 3 each; house-furnishing, miscellaneous trades, and shipbuilding, 2 each; builders' materials, electrical contracting, explosives, fertilizers and chemicals, jewellery-manufacture, laundries, machine-shops, paint-manufacture, and smelting, 1 each. Of the 174 firms reported above, two had a pay-roll in excess of $4,000,000, four between $2,000,000 and $3,000,000, and five between $1,000,000 and $2,000,000. T 16 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. CONTENTS OF TABLES. With regard to the tables immediately following, the general headings of such tables are given hereunder and the trades included under each heading :— No. 1. Breweries.—Under this heading are tabulated mineral- water manufacturers and breweries. No. 2. Builders' Material, etc. —Includes manufacturers of brick, cut stone, Portland cement, lime, tiles, and firebrick ; also stone-quarries and dealers in sand, gravel, and crushed rock. No. 3. Cigar and Tobacco Manufacturing. —Comprises only these trades. No. 4. Coal-mining.—This group contains also the operation of coke-ovens and coal-shipping docks. No. 5. Coast Shipping.—Includes the operation of passenger and freight steamships, stevedoring, tug-boats (both general and towing logs), and river navigation, but does not include the operation of vessels in the offshore trade. No. 6. Contracting. -Here are grouped building trades, painting and paper-hanging, plumbing axd heating, and sheet- metal works ; also contractors for industrial plants, structural-steel fabricating, railway-fencing, sewers, pipes and valves, dredging, pile-driving, wharves, bridges, roofing, and automatic sprinklers. Firms making return as building contractors, constructors of dry-kilns, refuse-burners, mills, brick-furnaces, electrical contractors, hardwood and sanitary floor-layers, and bricklayers. No. 7. Explosives, Chemicals, etc. — Includes the manufacture of these commodities, also the manufacture of fertilizers. No. 8. Food Products, Manufacture of.—This table includes bakeries, biscuit-manufacturers, cereal-milling, creameries and dairies, fish, fruit and vegetable canneries, packinghouses, curers of ham and bacon, blending of teas; also manufacturers of candy, macaroni, syrup, jams, pickles, sauces, coffee, catsup, and spices. No. 9. Garment-making.—Includes tailoring, the manufacture of buttons, pleating, embroidery, etc., jute and cotton goods, shirts, overalls, knitted goods, millinery and ladies' outfitting. No. 10. House Furnishings.— Comprises firms engaged in the manufacture of furniture, beds and bedding, springs and mattresses, upholstering, and carpet and linoleum laying. No. 11. Jewellery, Manufacture of— Includes the repair as well as manufacturing of jewellery and watches and optical instruments (where same is carried on in a factory). No. 12. Laundries, Cleaning and Dyeing.—Includes these industries only. No. 13. Leather and Fur Goods, Manufacture of.— Comprises manufacturers of boots, shoes, gloves, harness, trunks, and leather Indian novelties; also furriers and hide and wool dealers. No. 14. Lumber Industries.—In this group are included logging, logging-rail ways, planing-mills, sawmills, shingle-mi lis, and lumber-dealers. No. 15. Metal Trades.—This group includes marine blacksmith- ing, oxy-acetylene welding, boiler-making, iron and brass foundries, garages, vulcanizing, machine and pattern shops, galvanizing and electroplating; also manufacturers of handsaws, nuts and bolts, pumps, marine engines, mill machinery, and repairs to same. No. 16. Metal-mining.— Includes all metalliferous mining. No. 17. Miscellaneous Trades and Industries. — Here are grouped returns from trades which are not numerous enough to warrant special categories. They include manufacturers of soap, sails, tents, awning, brooms, paper boxes, and tin containers ; also cold storage. No. 18. Oil-refining. — Includes also the manufacture of fish-oil. No. 19. Paint-manufacturing.— Includes also white-lead corro- ders and varnish-manufacturers. No. 20. Printing and Publishing.—This table includes the printing and publishing of newspapers, job-printing, paper- ruling, bookbinding, engraving and embossing, blue-printing, lithographing, draughting and map-publishing, and the manufacture of rubber and metal stamps. No. 21. Pulp and Paper Manufacturing.—Comprises only firms engaged in that industry. No. 22. Ship-building.—Comprises both wooden- and steel-ship building and repairing, also construction and repair of small craft, and salvage. ; No. 23. Smelting. —Comprises firms engaged exclusively in that industry. No. 24. Street-railways, Gas, Water, Power, etc.—This group comprises generating and distribution of light and power, manufacture of gas, dissolved acetylene and oxygen ; also includes gasoline lighting and heating devices, and supply of water to municipalities. No. 25. Wood, Manufacture of (not elsewhere specified).—Here are grouped manufacturers of sash and doors, interior finish, water-proof ply-wood, veneer, store and office fittings, barrels, boxes, ships' knees, ready-cut buildings, wooden pipes and tanks, wooden pulleys, wooden toys, caskets, coffins, and undertakers' supplies. Table No. 1. BREWERIES, DISTILLERS, AND AERATED WATER MANUFACTURERS. Returns covering 36 Firms, Salary and Wage Payments, 1936. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $221,037.00 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 135,665.00 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 587,474.00 Total $944,176.00 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males. Females. Month. Males. Females. January February.... March April May June 373 397 412 424 467 497 68 72 88 79 103 82 July August September . November .. December... 514 508 467 480 505 621 102 95 91 105 137 151 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners orfly). Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland.. Great Britain and Ireland... United States of America... Australasia Belgium France Italy.. Germany and Austria. Central European and Balkan States Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc. Russia and Poland Other European country China Hindustan Japan All other countries Males. 314 153 6 1 1 12 23 2 23 4 1 1 3 10 For Week of Males. Females. Apprentices. Employment of Greatest Number. 21 Yrs. & over. Under 21 Yrs. 18 Yrs. & over. Under 18 Yrs. Under S6.00 3 2 1 7.00 to 7.99... 8.00 to 8.99... 9.00 to 9.99... 2 2 5 2 3 1 1 1 10.00 to 10.99... 4 13 7 122 27 7 2 12.00 to 12.99... 4 2 10 19 10 14 20 21 62 18 16 6 20 15 24 45 36 77 45 16 5 3 4 3 1 6 13 00 to 13.99... 14 00 to 14.99... 15.00 to 15.99... 16 00 to 16.99... 2 17 00 to 17 99... 18.00 to 18.99... 2 3 8 19 00 to 19.99... 20 00 to 20 99 22 00 to 22.99... 23 00 to 23.99.., 24.00 to 24.99. . 1 4 26.00 to 26.99... 27.00 to 27.99... 29.00 to 29.99... 30.00 to 34.99. 35.00to 39.99... 40.00 to 44.99... 45.00 to 49.99... Females. 158 32 2 REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1936. T 17 Table No. 2. BUILDERS' MATERIAL—PRODUCERS OF. Returns covering 7U Firms. Salary and Wage Payments, 1936. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers §168,830.00 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 94,640.00 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 688,405.00 Total $951,875.00 Average Number of Wage-earners. January.. February March April May. June . Males. Females. 528 1 522 1 627 1 712 2 757 2 791 2 July August. .. September October.... November. December.. 751 722 668 607 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners orfly) For Week of Males. Females. Apprentices. Employment of Greatest Number. 21 Yrs. & over. Under 21 Yrs. 18 Yrs. & over. Under 18 Yrs. Under |6.00 1 2 7.00 to 7.99... 9.00 to 9.99... 10 5 20 6 52 45 103 65 45 . 100 51 51 51 13 68 26 31 28 28 11 65 16 32 8 6 1 2 2 6 9 2 3 2 10.00 to 10.99... ll.OOto 11.99... 12.00 to 12.99... 1 13.00 to 13.99... 2 1 14.00 to 14.99... 15 00 to 15.99... 16.00 to 16.99... 2 17.00 to 17.99... 18.00 to 18.99... 19.00 to 19.99... 1 1 20.00 to 20.99... 21.00 to 21.99... 22.00 to 22.99... 23.00 to 23.99... 24.00 to 24.99... 25.00 to 25.99... 26.00 to 26 99. 28.00 to 28.99... 29.00 to 29,99... 30.00 to 34.99... 35 00 to 39.99. 40.00 to 44 99... 45.00 to 49 99. 50.00 and over. .. Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland Great Britain and Ireland United States of America Australasia Belgium France Italy Germany and Austria Central European and Balkan States.... Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc. Russia and Poland Other European country China Hindustan Japan All other countries Males. 497 273 17 2 1 35 6 10 46 4 2 76 Females. Table No. 3. CI0AR AND TOBACCO MANUFACTURING. Returns covering 5 Firms. Salary and Wage Payments, 1936. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers. $1,820.OP Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 712.00 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 3,777.00 Total , $6,309.00 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males. Females. Month. Males. Females. January .... February... 4 3 3 3 4 4 2 2 2 2 2 2 July September . October .... November.. December .. 4 4 4 3 6 8 2 2 2 2 2 3 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only), For Week of Employment of Greatest Number. Under $6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 13.00 14 00 15.00 16.00 17.00 18.00 19.00 20.00 21.00 22.00 23.00 24.00 26.00 26.00 27.00 28.00 29.00 30.00 35.00 40.00 45.00 50.00 1.00 ) to $6.99. (to 7.99. (to 8.99. 9.99 10.99. 11.99. (to 12.99. (to 13.99. 14.99. 15.99. 16.99, 17.99 18.99. 19.99. 20.99. 21.99 22.99. 23.99. 24.99. 25 99. 26.99 27.99. 28.99. 29.99. 34.99. 39.99 44.99. 49.£ and over. 21 Yrs. Under & over. 21 Yrs. 18 Yrs. &over. Under 18 Yrs. Apprentices. Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland.. Great Britain and Ireland... United States of America.,. Australasia Belgium France Italy. Germany and Austria Central European and Balkan States Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc. Russia and Poland Other European country China Hindustan Japan All other countries Males. Females. T 18 DEPARTMENT OP LABOUR. TABLE NO. 4. COAL-MINING. Returns covering 27 Firms. Salary and Wage Payments, 1936. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $140,019.00 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 149,435.00 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 3,126,974.00 Total $3,416,428.00 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males. Females. Month. Males. Females. January February April ..... May June 2,415 2,471 2,388 2,437 2,444 2,440 1 1 1 1 2 2 July September . October November... December... 2,455 2,505 2,564 2,621 2,703 2,640 2 1 1 2 2 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only) For Week of Employment of Greatest Number. Under $6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 11.00 i2. oa 13.00 14.00 15.00 16.00 17.00 18.00 19.00 20.00 21.00 22.00 23.00 24.00 25.00 26.00 27.00 28.00 29.00 30.00 35.00 40.00 45.00 50.00 $6.00 , to $6, 7.99. 8.99. 10.99. 11.99. 12 99. 13.99. 14.99. 15.99. 16.99. 17.99. 18.99. 19.99. 20.99. 21.99. 22.99. to 23.99. to 24.99. to 25.99. to 26.99. to 27 99. to 28.99. to 29.99. to 34.99. to 39.99. to 44.99. to 49.99. and over. 21 Yrs. & over. 1 2 1 12 7 24 23 44 11 62 49 17 89 84 47 313 209 111 200 75 209 765 212 98 34 27 Under 21 Yrs. 2 2 12 7 1 18 13 3 16 6 1 5 1 6 12 18 Yrs. & over. Under 18 Yrs. Apprentices. Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland Great Britain and Ireland United States of America Australasia Belgium France Italy Germany and Austria Central European and Balkan States Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc. Russia and Poland Other European country , China Hindustan Japan All other countries Males. 884 1,129 38 3 7 4 217 33 281 36 80 1 113 3 127 Table No. 5. COAST SHIPPING. Returns covering 116 Firms. Salary and Wage Payments, 1936. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $744,640.00 Clerks, Stenographers,Salesmen, etc 450,317.00 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 7,863,371.00 Total $9,058,328.00 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. ilales. Females. Month. Males. Females. January February... April ... May 4,648 4,577 4,777 4,718 4,926 5,072 40 39 42 45 50 62 July August September.. October November.. December .. 5,165 5,352 5,271 4,997 5,075 5,379 84 84 60 46 46 44 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). For Week of Males. Females. Apprentices. Employment of Greatest Number. 21 Yrs. & over. Under 21 Yrs. 18 Yrs. & over. Under 18 Yrs. Under $6 00.. 38 2 14 3 12 18 44 31 4 71 104 242 175 109 88 316 183 418 202 164 281 56 73 66 102 418 684 2,230 137 67 4 $6.00 to $6.99.. 7.00 to 7.99.. 1 2 1 8.00 to 8.99.. 10 00 to 10.99.. ll.OOto 11.99.. 12.00 to 12.99.. 7 5 73 2 25 4 14 18 13 4 2 13.00 to 13.99.. 14.00 to 14.99.. 10 3 5 3 16.00 to 15.99.. 16.00 to 16.99.. 1 17.00 to 17.99.. 3 41 1 2 * 18.00 to 18.99.. 19.00 to 19.99 6 20.00 to 20.99,. 21.00 to 21.99.. 1 22.00 to 22.99.. 23.00 to 23.99.. 6 2 24.00 to 24.99 . 25.00 to 25.99.. 26.00 to 26.99 . 27.00 to 27.99.. 28.00 to 28.99.. 29.00 to 29.99.. 1 2 30.00 to 34.99 35.00 to 39.99.. 40.00 to 44.99.. 45.00 to 49.99 . Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland Great Britain and Ireland United States of America Australasia Belgium France Italy Germanjr and Austria Central European and Balkan States.... Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc Russia and Poland Other European coxmtry China Hindustan Japan r All other countries .... Males. Females. 3,288 2,375 99 25 27 36 29 24 113 8 10 216 4 17 350 69 34 1 REPORT OP DEPUTY MINISTER, 1936. T 19 Table No. 6. CONTRACTING. Returns covering 787 Firms. Salary and Wage Payments, 1936. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $906,096.00 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 711,587.00 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 5,479,675.00 Total $7,097,358.00 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males. Females. Month. Males. Females. February.... March,....... May June 3,921 3,864 4,734 5,269 5,485 5,724 68 62 68 84 130 116 July August September . October .... November.. December... 5,926 5,938 5,89rj 5,815 5,296 4,900 157 151 87 67 69 61 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners orfly), For Week of Males. Females. Apprentices. F.mployment of Greatest Number. 21 Yrs. & over. Under 21 yrs. 18 Yrs. & over. Under 18 Yrs. Under $6.00 19 10 6 9 12 48 24 40 29 234 112 170 316 308 1,965 404 450 1,055 469 700 284 188 217 247 84 569 739 255 75 46 6 7 7 7 5 11 15 H 17 14 33 11 8 1 14 7 2 3 1 1 1 11 $6.00 to $6.99... 6 7.00 to 7.99... 8 8.00 to 8.99... 9.00to 9.99... 10.00 to 10.99... 11.00 to 11.99... 12.00 to 12.99... 13.00 to 13.99... 14.00 to 14.99... 15.00 to 15.99... 16.00 to 16.99... 17.00 to 17.99... 18.00 to 18.99... 19.00 to 19.99... 20.00 to 20.99. 21.00 to 21.99... 1 1 3 2 74 14 4 21 8 12 5 6 1 4 2 3 1 2 S 2 8 3 6 3 3 1 6 1 1 1 3 22.00 to 22.99... 23.00 to 23.99... 5 24 00 to 24.99... 1 25.00 to 25.99... 1 26.00 to 26.99... 27.00 to 27.99... 28.00 to 28 99... 29.00 to 29.99... 30.00 to 34.99... 1 3 2 40.00 to 44 99. 2 45.00 to 49.99... Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland Great Britain and Ireland United States of America Australasia Belgium France Italy Germany and Austria Central European and Balkan States ... Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc Russia and Poland Other European country China Hindustan Japan All other countries Males. 4,642 3,297 157 9 13 16 241 173 111 433 175 30 1 1 312 158 63 1 Table No. 7. EXPLOSIVES, CHEMICALS, ETC. Returns covering 16 Firms. Salary and Wage Payments, 1936. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $72,597.00 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc .... 243,373.00 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 934,874.00 Total $1,250,844.00 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males. Females. Month. Males. Females. January .. 694 10 685 12 February... 655 10 August 720 12 685 10 September.. 7S0 12 645 15 October.. . 743 10 May 624 12 November .. 697 10 June 603 12 December .. 699 12 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners orfly). For Week of Males. Females. Apprentices. Employment of Greatest Number. 21 Yrs. & over. Under 21 Yrs. 18 Yrs. & over. Under 18 Yrs. 14 3 2 3 1 5 3 17 7 9 8 51 4 19 36 53 38 68 46 67 46 61 41 40 36 79 25 2 3 2 2 $6.00 to $6.99.. 7.00 to 7.99 1 1 3 8.00 to 8.99.. 1 1 1 1 10.00 to 10.99.. 11.00 to 11 99.. 1 2 12.00 to 12.99 1 1 1 5 1 3 3 1 1 3 8 13.00 to 13.99.. 14 00 to 14.99 2 1 15.00 to 15.99 1 1 17.00 to 17.99 18 00 to 18 99. 2 2 1 21.00 to 21.99.. 2 1 26 00 to 26.99 . 28 00 to 28 99. 30 00 to 34.99 Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland Great Britain and Ireland United States of America Australasia Belgium France Italy Germany and Austria Central European and Balkan States Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc. Russia and Poland Other European country China Hindustan Japan All other countries Males. Females. 401 295 28 3 1 H 7 6 36 5 11 5 1 T 20' DEPARTMENT OP LABOUR. Table No. 8. FOOD PRODUCTS—MANUFACTURE OF. Returns covering 551 Firms. Salary and Wage Payments, 1936. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $1,465,980.00 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 1,453,608.00 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 6,989,138.00 Total $9,908,726.00 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males. Females. Month. Males. Females. January February.... March 4,000 3,850 3,975 4,441 5,117 5,824 1,207 1,003 978 973 1,375 1,690 July August September . October .... November.. December .. 7,263 7,727 7,325 6,530 5,389 4,442 3,460 3,659 4,174 3,277 1,988 June 1,300 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). For Week of Employment of Greatest Number. Under $6.00 .7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 13.00 14.00 15.00 16.00 17.00 18.00 19.00 20.00 21 00 22.00 23.00 24.00 25.00 26.00 27.00 28.00 29.00 30.00 35.00 40.00 45.00 50.00 3.00 , 7.99. 8.99. 9.99. 10.99. 11.99. 12.99. 13.99. 14.99. 15.99. 16.99. 17 99. 18.99. 19.99. 20.99. 21.99. 22.99. 23.99. 24.99. 25.99. 28.99. 27.99. 28.99. 29.99. 34 99. 39.99. 44.99. 49.99. 21 Yrs. ite over. 54 37 24 24 141 65 130 189 165 398 370 415 335 654 684 841j 725 476 398 641 616 197 255 239 156 615 276 245 SO 301 Under 21 Yrs. 32 18 13 29 30 31 29 110 23 56 54 46 16 25 19 24 9 8 4 2 5 2 1 2 2 1 Fem,< LES. Apprentices. 18 Yrs. & over. Under 18 Yrs. 127 81 101 214 262 431 z30 598 314 717 445 645 201 220 101 107 84 03 48 61 48 21 24 21 16 27 30 19 30 28 4 6 2 1 2 1 16 4 6 4 16 10 6 2 2 1 41 34 1 45 20 17 18 44 16 4 3 6 Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland Great Britain and Ireland United States of America Australasia Belgium ■ France Italy Germany and Aur-tria Central European and Balkan States ... Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc Russia'and Poland Other European country China Hindustan J apan All other countries Males. 4,589 2,407 97 8 12 24 112 128 150 652 120 62 1,272 3 815 100 Females. 3,660 S34 53 2 2 35 75 139 36 113 113 14 3 452 134 TABLE No. 9. GARMENT-MAKING. Returns covering 59 Firms. Salary and Wage Payments, 1936. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $124,257.00 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 83,461.00 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 457,000.00 Total $664,718 00 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males. Females. Month. Males. Females. January.... 176 356 July 182 371 February... 184 401 August 186 369 March 192 431 September . 191 409 April 191 435 October .... 192 403 May 190 430 November.. 189 393 June 178 386 December .. 194 376 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners orfly). For Week of Males. Females. Apprentices. Employment of Greatest Number. 21 Yrs. & over. Under 21 Yrs. 18 Yrs. &over. Under 18 Yrs. Under $6.00 $6.00 to $6.99.. 4 1 10 2 3 2 3 2 1 2 8 1 1 2 18 8.00 to 8.99.. 1 1 13 7 10.00 to 10.99.. 11.00 to 11.99.. 7 3 44 65 74 66 30 24 31 6 12 3 4 2 2 7 3 4 12.00 to 12 99.. 13.00 to 13.99.. 14 00 to 14 99 . 8 10 9 19 6 11 9 5 6 4 6 1 8 8 4 6 3 22 16 5 1 4 3 1 1 3 1 15.00 to 15 99.. 17.00 to 17 99 19.00 to 19.99.. 21 00 to 21.99 23.00 to 23.99 24 00 to 24 99. 2 3 25.00 to 25.99.. 27.00 to 27.99.. 28.00 to 28.99 . 29.00 to 29.99.. 30.00 to 34.99.. 1 2 85.00 to 39.99 40.00 to 44.99.. 1 45.00 to 49.99.. Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland Great Britain and Ireland United States of America Australasia Belgium France Italy Germany and Austria Central European and Balkan States Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc. Russia and Poland Other European country China Hindustan Japan All other countries 103 52 2 12 6 11 1 25 312 105 7 2 1 2 3 9 5 3 5 18 1 REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1936. T 21 Table No. 10. HOUSE FURNISHINGS—MANUFACTURING OF. Returns covering 56 Firms. Salary and Wage Payments, 1936. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $151,081.00 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 133,333.00 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 621,524.00 Total $605,941.00 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. January .. February. March.... April May June Males. Females. 623 641 616 618 626 635 111 121 128 148 146 131 Month. July August... September. October .. November. December.. Males. Females. 658 692 718 731 743 727 126 128 146 166 151 129 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners orfly). For Week of Employment of Greatest Number. Under $6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 11 00 12.00 13.00 14.00 15.00 16.00 17.00 18.00 19.00 20.00 21.00 22.00 23.00 24.00 25.00 26.00 27.00 28.00 29.00 30.00 35.00 40.00 45.00 50.00 00 $6.99. 7.99. 8.99. 9.99. 10.99. 11.99. 12.99. 13.99. 14.99. 15.99. 16.99. 17.99. 18.99. 19.99. 20.99. 21.99. 22.99. 23.99. 24.99. 25.99. 26.99. 27.99. 28.99. 29 99. 34.99. 39.99. 44.99. 49.99. 21 Yrs. Under & over. 21 Yrs. 1 1 1 3 7 8 11 9 28 81 10 48 69 42 31 45 17 34 23 19 16 14 3 25 13 2 2 5 7 15 54 7 16 29 17 18 Yrs. &over. 3 7 3 2 8 6 20 63 23 12 10 2 Under 18 Yrs. Apprem tices. 3 6 4 29 2 13 1 i' l l Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland Great Britain and Ireland United States of America Australasia , Belgium France Italy Germany and Austria Central European and Balkan States Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc. Russia and Poland Other European country. China Hindustan Japan All other countries Males. Females. 479 219 20 1 2 5 21 7 23 27 23 139 44 Table No. 11. JEWELLERY—MANUFACTURING OF. Returns covering 10 Firms. Salary and Wage Payments, 1936. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $23,830.00 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 81,419.00 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 87,346.00 Total $192,595.00 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. January. February March... April. .. May.... June Males. Females. 57 68 59 59 68 Month. Males. Females, July August. .. September October... November December. 67 58 60 61 62 65 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners orfly). For Week of Employment of Greatest Number. Under$6.00. $6.00 to 7.00 to 8.00 to 9 00 to 10 00 to 11.00 to 12.00 to 13.00 to 14.00 to 15.00 to 16.00 to 17.00 to 18,00 to 19.00 to 20.00 to 21.00 to 22.00 to 23.00 to 24.00 to 25.00 to 26.00 to 27.00 to 28.00 to 29.00 to 30.00 to 35.00 to 40 00 to 45.00 to 7.99. 9.99.. 10.99. 11 99.. 12.99.. 13.99.. 14 99.. 15.99.. 16.99.. 17.99.. 18 99.. 19.99.. 20.99.. 21.99.. 22.99 23.99.. 24.99.. 25.99 . 26.99.. 27.99.. 28.99 . 29.99.. 34.99.. 39.99.. 44.99.. 49.99 . 50.00 and over .. 21 Yrs. & over. 2 1 4 6 3 3 11 Under 21 Yrs. 18 Yrs. & over. Under 18 Yrs. Apprentices. Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Males. Canada and Newfoundland. Great Britain and Ireland.., United States of America... Australasia Belgium France Italy.. Germany and Austria Central European and Balkan States Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc. Russia and Poland Other European country China Hindustan Japan All other countries 39 25 T 22 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. Table No. 12. LAUNDRIES, CLEANING AND DYEING. Returns covering 91 Firms. Salary and Wage Payments, 1936. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $127,537.00 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 188,409.00 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 954,788.00 Total $1,270,731.00 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. .Males. Females. Month. Males. Females January. February March. . April .. . May June 523 514 531 569 560 658 854 841 849 886 July August .., September October .., November December . 687 578 579 589 568 578 974 982 943 924 902 900 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only) For Week of Employment of Greatest Number. Under $6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 13.00 14.00 15.00 16.00 17.00 18.00 19.00 20.00 21.00 22.00 23.00 24.00 25.00 26.00 27.00 28.00 29.00 30.00 35.00 40.00 45.00 50.00 $6.00.. to to to to to to to to to to to to to to $6.99. 7.99. 9.99. 10.99. 11.99. 12.99. 13.99. 14.99. 15.99. 16.99. 17.99. 18.99. 19.99. 20.99. 21.99. 22.99. 23.99. 24.99. 25.99. 26.99. to 27.99. to 28.99. to 29 99. to 34.99. 39.99. 44.99. 49.99. and over. 21 Yrs. Under & over. 21 Yrs. 2 6 3 8 19 7 42 22 12 43 24 72 13 40 22 27 58 12 18 10 2 38 11 3 3 3 18 Yrs. Under & over. 18 Yrs. 7 3 6 16 43 63 64 133 317 82 90 24 5 11 1 7 33 8 5 3 1 1 Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland Great Britain and Ireland United States of America Australasia Belgium France Italy Germany and Austria Central European and Balkan States Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc. Russia and Poland Other European country China Hindustan Japan All other countries Males. 251 243 17 1 1 2 4 2 10 8 19 1 Apprentices. 15 7 544 324 34 2 3 9 14 11 9 19 22 4 Table No. 13. LEATHER AND FUR GOODS—MANUFACTURING OF. Returns covering 50 Firms. Salary and Wage Payments, 1936. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers, $76,315.00 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 70,207.00 Wage-earners (including piece-workers). 321,184.00 Total $467,706.00 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males. Females. Month. Males. Females. January.... February... Mav June 279 288 293 297 296 308 61 60 61 65 71 78 July August September.. October .... November.. December .. 307 322 316 322 331 324 88 92 101 111 112 101 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners orfly). For Week of Males. Females. Apprentices. Employment of Greatest Number. 21 Yrs. & over. Under 21 Yrs. 18 Yrs. & over. Under 18 Yrs. $6.00 to $6.99.. 1 3 8 12 20 27 13 24 21 10 30 13 11 27 ' 10 3 8 3 3 9 6 10 14 8 1 11 8 5 6 1 5 7.00 to 7.99 8.00 to 8.99 9.00 to 9.99.. 10.00 to 10.99 11.00 to 11.99.. 3 3 4 2 6 7 14 15 10 5 6 4 4 3 1 4 3 2 3 12.00 to 12.99.. 13.00 to 13.99.. 14.00 to 14.99.. 15.00 to 15.99.. 16.00 to 16.99.. 17.00 to 17 99.. 18.00 to 18.99.. 2 ""l" 1 1 1 1 19.00 to 19.99.. 20.00 to 20.99.. 2 5 4 4 1 1 1 21.00 to 21.99.. 22.00 to 22.99.. 23.00 to 23.99.. 24.00 to 24.99 . 1 25.00 to 25.99.. 26.00 to 26.99 . 27.00 to 27.99 . 28.00 to 28.99.. 1 29.00 to 29.99.. 30.00 to 34 99.. 35.00 to 39.99.. 45.00 to 49.99 . 2 Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland. Great Britain and Ireland... United States of America .. Australasia.. Belgium France Italy Germany and Austria Central European and Balkan States Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc. Russia and Poland Other European country China Hindustan Japan All other countries 136 132 8 25 7 4 12 18 3 Males. Females. 68 35 2 REPORT OP DEPUTY MINISTER, 1936. T 23 Table No. 14. LUMBER INDUSTRIES. Returns covering 7U7 Firms. Salary and Wage Payments, 1936. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers .. $1,397,851.00 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 829,127.00 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 21,296,781.00 Total $23,523,759.00 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. January. February March.., April May June Males. Females. 14,484 13,987 16,482 17,986 18,458 18,717 37 37 43 44 Month. Males. July 18,227 August 19,116 September. 20,066 October ... 20,143 November . 19,512 December.. 17,686 66 54 46 42 41 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only), Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland Great Britain and Ireland United States of America Australasia Belgium France Italy Germany and Austria Central European and Balkan States Norway, Sweden, Denmark, PMnland, etc. Russia and Poland Other European country China Hindustan Japan All other countries 11,239 2,793 655 29 42 123 229 430 1,025 3,652 875 311 1,775 696 1,290 305 ¥ov Week of Males. Females. Apprentices. Employment of Greatest Number. 21 Yrs. & over. 5 4 12 8 9 16 20 181 136 152 195 2,519 400 1,416 2,994 704 2,594 939 6S5 2,066 764 839 937 678 368 2,090 1,720 877 312 267 Under 21 Yrs. 2 3 5 44 15 30 187 63 78 37 120 21 27 75 16 77 12 21 24 32 6 16 3 18 Yrs. & over. Under 18 Yrs. Under $6.00 $6.00 to $6.99... 1 1 1 1 7.80 to 7.99,. 8.00 to 8.99... 1 9.00 to 9.99. 2 10 00 to 10.99. 1 11.00 to 11.99... 1 12.00 to 12.99... 18.00 to 13.99... 6 1 1 8 6 2 1 3 6 3 2 2 14.00 to 14.99... 15.00 to 15.99... 16.00 to 16.99... 17.00 to 17.99... 18.00 to 18.99... 1 2 2 2 19 00 to 19.99 . 20.00 to 20.99... 21.00 to 21.99. . 22 00 to 22.99... 23.00 to 23.99... 24.00 to 24.99... 25.00 to 25.99... 3 4 1 26 00 to 26.99. .. 27.00 to 27.99. . 28.00 to 2*.99... 29.00 to 29.99.. 30.00 to 34.99... 1 4 2 1 3 35.00 to 39.99... 40.00 to 41.99... 45.00 to 49.99... Males. Females. 49 8 1 Table No. 15. METAL TRADES. Returns covering 698 Firms. Salary and Wage Payments, 1936. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $1,419,386.00 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 1,758,872.00 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 3,834,183.00 Total $7,012,441.00 Average Number of Wage-earners. Montb. Males. Females. January . February March.. April May.. .. June 3,184 3,319 3,498 3,781 3,768 3,816 149 140 144 149 149 157 Month. Males. Females. July August.... September October ... November . December.. 3,855 3,961 3,810 3,778 3,740 3,707 180 176 156 144 147 146 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners otfly). For Week of Employment of Greatest Number. Under $6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 13.00 14.00 15.00 16.00 17.00 18.00 19.00 20.00 21.00 22.00 23.00 24.00 25.00 26 00 27.00 28.00 29.00 30.00 35.00 40.00 45.00 50.00 ,00.... S6.99. 8.99. 10.99. 11.99. 12.99. 13.99. 14.99. 16.99. 16.99. 17 99. 18.99. 19.99. 20.99. 21.99. 22.99. 23.99. 24.99. 25.99. 26.99 27.99 28.99. to 29.99. to 34.99. to 39.99. to 44.99. to 49.99. and over . Males. 21 Yrs. Under & over. 21 Yrs. 12 11 29 17 63 50 65 376 138 171 169 231 218 146 244 140 178 216 124 118 141 160 490 231 89 43 53 17 17 16 15 26 40 26 47 14 18 39 45 12 S 16 12 8 3 5 2 1 18 Yrs. & over. 3 2 4 1 8 5 15 13 6 69 12 6 Under 18 Yrs. Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland Great Britain and Ireland United States of America Australasia Belgium France Italy Germany and Austria Central European and Balkan States. Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc Russia and Poland Other European country China Hindustan Japan All other countries 3,199 1,412 151 14 11 7 43 36 17 77 19 9 3 1 16 34 Apprentices. 46 22 18 23 15 24 14 16 10 6 13 1 3 Males. Females. 126 25 5 T 24 DEPARTMENT OP LABOUR. Table No. 16. METAL-MINING. Returns covering 311 Firms. Salary and Wage Payments, 1936. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $944,765.00 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 551,871.00 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 8,036,130.00 Total $9,532,766.00 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males. Females. Month. Males. Females, January, February March. April .. . May June 4,536 4,518 4,671 4,724 5,208 5,656 21 23 23 23 29 27 July August.... September. October .. November.. December.. 5,834 5,872 6,072 6,100 5,844 5,515 26 29 31 26 21 20 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only), For Week of Employment of Greatest Number. Under $6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 13.00 14.00 15.00 16.00 17.00 18.00 19.00 20.00 21.00 22.00 23.00 24.00 25.00 26.00 27.00 28.00 29.00 30.00 35.00 40.00 45.00 50.00 $6.00.. to $6.9 7.99. to. 8.99. to 9.99. to 10.99. to 11.99. to 12.99. to 13.99. to 14.99. to 15.99. to 16.99. to 17.99. to 18.99. to 19.99. to 20.99. to 21.99. to 22.99. to 23.99. to 24.99. to 25.99. to 26.99. to 27.99. to 28.99. to 29.99. to 34.99. to 39.99. to 44.99. to 49.99. and over. 21 Yrs. Under &over. 21 Yrs. 1 4 1 1 9 3 27 52 22 49 41 101 99 232 114 58 986 3S4 488 639 1,084 419 1,953 587 173 110 79 5 33 3 1 12 1 Females. 18 Yrs. &over. Under 18 Yrs. Apprentices. Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland., Great Britain and Ireland... United States of America... Australasia Belgium France Italy. Germany and Austria Central European and Balkan States Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc. Russia and Poland Other European country China Hindustan Japan All other countries Males. Females. 1,570 1,670 232 18 9 19 190 140 383 1,264 78 35 15 218 27 11 1 Table No. 17. MISCELLANEOUS TRADES AND INDUSTRIES. Returns covering 269 Firms. Salary and Wage Payments, 1936. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $680,559.0 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 609,144.0 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 2,363,896.0 Total $3,653,599.0 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males. Females. Month. Males. Females. 1,707 1,690 1,802 1,983 2,122 2,188 316 324 330 330 335 350 2,270 2,429 2,428 1,904 1,860 1,819 361 February... June August September October . November December 491 458 360 363 347 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). For Week of Employment of Greatest Number. Under $6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 13.00 14.00 15.00 16.00 17.00 18.00 19.00 20.00 21.00 22.00 23.00 24.00 25.00 26.00 27.00 28.00 29.00 30.00 35.00 40.00 45.00 50.00 $6.00 . to $6J to 7.! to 8.! to 9.99. 10.99 11.99 12.99. 13.99, 14.99 15.99. 16.99. 17.99 18.99 19.99. 20.99. 21.99. 22.99. 23.99. 24.99. 25.99. 26,99. 27,99. 28.99. 29.99. 34.99. 39.99. 44.99. 49.99. 21 Yrs. Under &; over. 21 Yrs. 4 6 30 16 10 32 119 162 155 87 174 199 297 135 199 220 98 294 91 64 66 49 44 201 76 33 10 30 11 14 2 13 9 8 29 16 39 25 7 4 3 i 4 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 18 Yrs. & over. 2 2 5 11 9 13 10 32 34 149 89 24 26 40 13 13 3 16 Under 18 Yrs. 1 4 4 11 1 Apprentices. Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland Great Britain and Ireland United States of America Australasia Belgium France Italy Germany and Austria Central European and Balkan States Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc. Russia and Poland Other European country China Hindustan Japan All other countries Males. ,918 019 4 4 9 74 54 87 94 12 38 16 19 201 Females. 539 131 9 7 68 SO 9 19 12 130 REPORT OP DEPUTY MINISTER, 1936. T 25 Table No. 18. OIL-REFINING. Returns covering 31 Firms. Salary and Wage Payments, 1936. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $271,839.00 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 947,198.00 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 3,130,357.00 Total $2,349,394.00 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. January , February March.., April May June Males. Females. 723 711 772 969 1,010 1,089 15 17 14 21 18 22 Month. Males. Females July August.. . September October... November December. 1,156 1,082 1,003 797 812 795 21 17 16 14 15 18 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). For Week of Employment of Greatest Number. Under $6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 13.00 14.00 15.00 16.00 17.00 18.00 19.00 20.00 21.00 22.00 23.00 24.00 25.00 26.00 27.00 28.00 29.00 30.00 35.00 40.00 45.00 50.00 7.99. 8 99. 9.99. 10.99. 11.99. 12.99. 13.99. 14.99. 16.99. 16.99. 17.99. 18.99. 19.99. 20.99. 21.99. 22.99. 23.99. 24.99. 25.99. to 26.99. 27.! 28.99. 29.99. 34.99. 39.99. 44.99. 49.9 and over. Males. 21 Yrs. Under &over. 21 Yrs. 2 1 35 lti 5 3 58 1 31 42 29 10 35 44 35 106 34 68 66 - 84 43 38 55 185 103 32 17 31 18 Yrs. Under & over. 18 Yrs. Apprentices. Nationality of Employees. Countr}- of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland Great Britain and Ireland United States of America Australasia Belgium France ... Italy Germany and Austria Central European and Balkan States Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc. Russia and Poland Other European country China Hindustan Japan All other countries Males. Females. 747 425 37 4 1 2 69 38 8 Table No. 19. PAINT-MANUFACTURING. Returns covering 14. Firms. Salary and Wage Payments, 1936. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $71,700.00 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 100,122.0 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 151,597 .CO Total $323,419.00 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males. Females. Month. Males. Females. January.. February. March ... April. ... 126 132 136 139 142 142 15 15 15 15 16 16 July September.. October November .. December... 139 140 137 135 126 124 16 15 14 14 14 14 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). For Week of Employment of Greatest Number. Under $6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 13.00 14.00 IS. 00 16.00 17.00 18.00 19.00 20.00 21.00 22.00 23.00 24.00 25.00 26.00 27.00 28.00 29.00 30.00 35.00 40.00 45.00 50.00 00 .... $6.99. 7.99. 8.99. 9.99. 10 99. 11.99. 12.99. 13.99. 14.99. 15.99. 16.99. 17.99. 18.99. 19.99. 20.99. 21.99. 22.99. 23.99. 24.99. 25 99. 26.99. 27.99 28.99, 29.99. 34.99. 39.99. 44.99. 49.99. 21 Yrs. & over. 4 7 S 19 2 21 5 13 3 1 3 Under 21 Yrs. 18 Yrs. & over. Under 18 Yrs. Apprentices. Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland . Great Britain and Ireland .. United States of America... Australasia Belgium France Italy. Germany and Austria Central European and Balkan States Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc, Russia and Poland : Other European country China Hindustan Japan All other countries 104 74 3 Females. 13 4 1 T 26 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. Table No. 20. PRINTING AND PUBLISHING. Returns covering 135 Firms. Salary and Wage Payments, 1936. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $500,571.00 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 1,043,721.00 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 1,727,468.00 Total $3,271,760.00 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males. Females. Month. Males. Females, January... February.. March. ... April May June 1,040 1,054 1,048 1,074 1,103 1,103 143 150 143 157 192 J uly August... September October... November December. 1,095 1,103 1,103 1,103 1,117 1,139 172 169 162 160 170 176 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only), For Week of Employment of Greatest Number. Under $6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10 00 11.00 12.00 13.00 14.00 15.00 16.00 17.00 18.00 19.00 20.00 21.00 22.00 23.00 24.00 25.00 26.00 27.00 28.00 29.00 30.00 35.00 40.00 45 00 50.00 ..00.. 7.99. 8.99. 9.99. 10.99. 11.99. 12.99. 13.99. 14.99. 15.99. 16.99. 17.99. 18.99. 19.99. 20.99. 21.99. 22.99. 23.99. 24.99. 25.99. 26.99. 27.99. 28.99. 29.99. 34.99. 39.99. 44.99. 49.99. and over. 21 Yrs. Under & over. 21 Yrs. 4 7 3 10 15 44 21 33 23 13 34 18 18 15 27 43 18 12 16 7 57 231 201 98 56 8 12 10 5 16 3 8 3 3 4 1 1 1 IS Yrs. Under & over. 18 Yrs. 3 3 2 8 6 16 15 23 37 19 7 9 6 37 1 3 1 1 10 1 1 Apprentices. 3 13 8 13 6 14 3 3 5 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 4 Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland. Great Britain and Ireland... United States of America... Australasia Belgium France Italy.. Germany and Austria. Central European and Balkan States Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc. Russia and Poland *.. Other European country China Hindustan Japan All other countries Males. Females. 741 396 27 2 8 4 2 14 3 50 177 56 3 1 Table No. 21. PULP AND PAPER—MANUFACTURING OF. Returns covering H Firms. Salary and Wage Payments, 1936. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $406,683.00 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 381,951.00 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 3,906,722.00 Total $4,695,356.00 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males. Females. Month. Males. Females. January February... 2.771 2,761 2,794 2,843 2,894 2,948 87 89 89 88 90 93 July September.. October .... November .. December... 2,998 3,066 3,209 3,217 3,220 3,214 97 96 93 97 100 98 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). For Week of Males. Females. Apprentices. Employment of Greatest Number. 21 Yrs. & over. Under 21 Yrs. 18 Yrs. & over. Under 18 Yrs. Under $6.00 $6.00 to $6.99 . 5 1 1 2 5 3 181 99 70 49 152 55 150 121 549 347 59 395 69 140 65 148 33 262 181 62 13 59 3 1 1 8 00 to 8.99.. 10.00 to 10.99.. 6 5 17 2 2 4 5 2 8 14 4 11 1 5 11.00 to 11.99.. 2 3 38 16 14 10 1 12.00 to 12.99.. 13.00 to 13.99.. 14.00 to 14.99.. 16.00 to 15.99.. 8 i " 4 3 3 " 1 17.00 to 17.99 18.00 to 18.99 19 00 to 19.99 8 20.00 to 20.99 . 1 1 21.00 to 21.99.. 22.00 to 22.99 1 23.00 to 23.99 . 24.00 to 24.99 . 25.00 to 25.99 1 6 26.00 to 26.99.. 27.00 to 27.99 . 28.00 to 28 99 29 00 to 29.99.. 30.00 to 34.99 . 35.00 to 39.99.. 40.00 to 44.99 45.00 to 49.99 Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland Great Britain and Ireland United States of America Australasia Belgium France Italy :..., Germany and Austria Central European and Balkan States Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc Russia and Poland Other European country China Hindustan Japan All other countries 39 15 3> 18 16 81 15 1 529 157 20 1 REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1936. T 27 Table No. 22. SHIP-BUILDINQ. Returns covering US Firms. Table No. 23. SMELTING Returns covering 3 Firms. Salary and Wage Payments, 1936. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers. $122,942.00 Total $938,111 00 Salary and Wage Pa} Officers, Superintendents, and Manag Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc Wage-earners (including piece-workei Total 'ments, 1936. 40,683.00 24,205.00 37,734.00 02,712.00 i s) 3,! $4,* Average Number of Wage-earners. Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males . Females. Month. Males. Females. Month. Males . Females. Month. Males. Females. 64C 605 639 761 801 645 3 3 3 3 3 Jul J Aug Sep Oct 606 677 567 689 637 668 2 2 2 1 1 2 January.... February... March.. May 2,791 2,831 2,82: 2,86" 2,99; 2,981 27 25 24 25 25 25 J uly August September.. November .. December... 2,970 3,053 3,158 3,110 3,138 3,092 25 February.... March ember.. jber 24 24 23 26 June December... 26 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners ortly). Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). F'or Week of Males. Females. Apprentices. For Week of Employment of Greatest Number. Males. Females. Appren. tices. Employment of Greatest Number. 21 Yrs. & over Under 21 Yrs. 18 Yrs. & over. Under 18 Yrs. 21 Yrs. & over. 63 25 20 18 17 21 25 33 25 22 25 22 29 55 82 128 195 244 332 201 174 236 194 138 158 381 84 35 8 5 Under 21 Yrs. 18 Yrs. & over. Under 18 Yrs. Under $6.00 21 3 2 6 4 4 2 Under $6.00 $6.00 to $6.99.. 7.00to 7.99.. 8.00 to 8.99.. 9.00 to 9.99.. 10.00 to 10.99.. 11.00 to 11.99.. 12.00 to 12.99,. 13.00 to 13.99.. 14.00 to 14.99.. 15.00 to 15.99.. 16.00 to 16,99.. 17.00 to 17.99.. 18.00 to 18.99.. 19.00 to 19 99.. 20.00 to 20.99.. 21.00 to 21.99. 22.00 to 22 99.. 23.00 to 23.99.. 24.00 to 24.99.. 25.00 to 25.99.. 26.00 to 26.99.. 27.00 to 27.99.. 28.00 to 28.99.. 29.00 to 29.99.. 30.00 to 34.99.. 35.00 to 39.99.. 40.00 to 44.99.. 45.00 to 49.99.. 50.00 and over . 1 1 7 $6.00 to $6. 7.00 to 7. 8.00 to 8. )9... 2 5 19... 4 3 4 5 12 6 4 5 20 7 7 10 15 96 200 28 41 35 11 40 8 129 218 76 28 1 2 4 9.00 to 9.99... 10 1 10.00 to 10.99... 1 2 6 11.00 to 11.99... 3 2 12.00 to 12.99... 16 6 13.00 to 13.99... 1 2 1 2 14.00 to 14.99... 1 1 3 8 15.00 to 15.99... 8 2 16.00 to 16.99... 1 1 17.00 to 17.99... 12 2 18.00 to 18.99... 4 7 6 , 11 16 16 12 5 7 4 19.00 to 19.99.., 4 20.00 to 20.99... 2 2 21.00 to 21.99... 22.00 to 22.99... 10 1 23.00 to 23.99... 2 1 3 24.00 to 24.99... 25.00 to 25.99... 26.00 to 26.99... 27.00 to 27.99... 28.00 to 28.99... 29.00 to 29.99... 1 1 30.00 to 34.99... 1 35.00 to 39.99... 40.00 to 44.99... 45.00 to 49.99... 50.00 and over. .. Nationality of Employees. Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Males. Females. Country of Origin. Males. Females. 52S 423 60 2 1,307 1,015 85 4 7 4 384 61 54 159 43 16 1 Great Britain and I United States of Ar Great Britain and 3 Australasia . 1 2 4 5 1 24 4 Italy Italv .. . . Germany and Austr Germany and Aus Norwav. Sweden, Denmark. Finland. Russia and Poland Other European coi Russia and Polanc 33 29 1 37 T 28 DEPARTMENT OP LABOUR. Table No. 24. STREET RAILWAYS, GAS, WATER, LIGHT, POWER, TELEPHONES, ETC. Returns covering 108 Firms. Salary and Wage Payments, 1936. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $690,500.00 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 1,731,292.00 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 6,722,792.00 Total $9,144,584.00 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males. Females. Month. Males. Females. February.... March April May 3,505 3,618 3,517 3,672 3,757 3,946 1,406 1,432 1,462 1,476 1,607 1,567 July September.. October November .. December... 3,934 4,007 3,934 3,896 3,745 3,646 1,566 1,615 1,574 1,479 1,487 1,540 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only), For Week of Males. Females. Apprentices. Employment of Greatest Number. 21 Yrs. & over. Under 21 Yrs. 18 Yrs. & over. Under 18 Yrs. Under $6.00 4 2 1 6 2 6 3 17 26 225 16 92 53 101 413 119 97 237 163 270 113 98 187 H2 152 1,330 454 178 38 9 1 2 1 1 1 i 12 8 11 2 1 2 4 1 6 2 1 1 14 193 15 6 368 64 22 61 105 664 21 52 5 $6.00 to $6.99. 7.00 to 7.99... 8.00 to 8.99. . 9.00 to 9.99... 10.00 to 10.99... 1 I 11.00 to 11.99. . 12.00 to 12.99... 4 13.00 to 13.99... 14.00 to 14.99... 15.00 to 15.99... 16.00 to 16.99... 17 00 to 17.99... 18.00 to 18.99... 19.00 to 19.99... 1 2 3 2 2 1 20.00 to 20.99... 21.00 to 21.99... 22.00 to 22.99... 23.00 to 23.99.., 24.00 to 24.99. 1 o 1 25.00 to 25.99. 1 26.00 to 26.99. 3 27.00 to 27.99... 28.00 to 28.99. 29.00 to 29.99... 30.00 to 34.99.. 1 9 35.00 to 39,99... 3 40.00 to 44.99. . 45.00 to 49.99... Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland Great Britain and Ireland United States of America Australasia , Belgium France Italy Germany and Austria Central European and Balkan States Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc.. Russia and Poland Other European country China Hindustan Japan All other countries 2,256 2,249 173 14 6 8 103 54 21 129 42 16 6 1 3 16 Females. 1,434 480 66 2 Table No. 25. WOOD—MANUFACTURE OP (N.E.S.). Returns covering 106 Firms. Salary and Wage Payments, 1936. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $361,526.00 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 111,574.00 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 1,735,337 .CO Total $2,208,437.00 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males. Females. Month. Males. Females. January.... February... June 1,848 1,779 2,001 2,059 2,140 2,181 68 65 76 106 142 166 July August. September.. October .... November... December .. 2,228 2,270 2,143 1,985 1,945 1,879 162 108 105 97 86 80 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). For Week of Males. Females. Apprentices. Employmentof Greatest Number. 21 Yrs. & over. Under 21 Yrs. 18 Yrs. & over. Under 18 Yrs. Under $6.00 $6.00 to $6.99 . 7.00 to 7.99.. 8.00 to 8.99.. 1 2 1 4 11 4 29 46 28 29 172 372 135 164 162 70 272 117 73 130 17 67 34 28 12 58 57 4 3 2 2 21 26 74 53 35 78 76 75 13 19 63 5 12 2 14 1 1 ".'i'" 1 1 8 1 10.00 to 10.99.. 11.00 to 11.99.. i i ii 18 70 20 19 12 3 5 5 1 1 4 1 13.00 to 13.99.. 14.00 to 14.99.. 15.00 to 15.99., 2 4 1 2 2 22 00 to 22 99 . 1 Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland Great Britain and Ireland United States of America Australasia Belgium France Italy Germany and Austria Central European and Balkan States Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc. Russia and Poland Other European country China Hindustan Japan All other countries Males. Females 1,759 472 41 2 2 11 20 50 34 109 40 4 26 1 95 157 152 11 13 23 J REPORT OE DEPUTY MINISTER, 1936. T 29 SUMMARY OF ALL TABLES. Returns covering i.,357 Firms. Total Salary and Wage Payments during Twelve Months ended December 31st, 1936. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers.__ Clerks, Stenographers, and Salesmen, etc.. Wage-earners (including piece-workers) — $11,333,047.00 12,671,524.00 83,587,505.00 Returns received too late to be included in above Summary Kstimated pay-roll of employers in occupations covered by Department's from whom returns were not received Transcontinental Railways - '. inquiry, and Dominion and Provincial Government workers Wholesale and Retail Firms Delivery, Cartage and Teaming, Warehousing, Butchers, Moving-picture Operators, Coal and Wood Yards, and Auto Transportation Ocean Services and Express Companies Miscellaneous $107,492,076.00 $553,965.00 1,350,000.00 12,153,550.00 5,500,000.00 2,900,000.00 3,600,000.00 7,500,000.00 1,400,000.00 34,857,515.00 $142,349,591.00 Average Number of Wage-earners. During the Month of January. . , February . March.. .. April May June. .... July August ... September October.. . November December. Males. 476 231 951 104 922 135 492 668 928 368 Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland Great Britain and Ireland United States of America Australasia Belgium France Italy Germany and Austria Central European and Balkan States.. .. Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc Russia and Poland Other European country China Hindustan Japan All other countries Females. 5,06) 4.928 5,034 5,160 6,741 6,139 8,056 8,375 8,711 7,573 1,288 5,589 Males. Females. 44,502 7,780 23,474 2,225 1,953 180 153 9 128 5 270 47 1,741 105 1,296 224 2,234 91 7,052 179 1,678 . 167 547 25 3,815 21 ' 624 1 2,977 501 2,112 323 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). Males. Females. For Week of Employment of Appren Greatest Number. 21 Yrs. Under 18 Yrs. Under tices. & over. 21 Yrs. & over. 18 Yrs. Under $6.00 . .. 243 99 152 67 Ill $6.00 to $6.99.. 98 111 97 55 67 7.00 to 7 99 . 98 116 141 36 73 8.00 to 8.99.. 111 180 259 82 111 9.00 to 9.99.. 308 244 339 39 70 10.00 to 10.99.. 273 201 548 42 121 11.00 to 11.99.. 341 221 352 37 38 12.00 to 12.99.. 761 551 1.153 59 98 13.00 to 13.99.. 911 266 897 30 26 14.00 to 14.99.. 1,640 282 1,359 48 34 15.00 to 15.99.. 1,949 343 1,316 46 43 16.00 to 16.99.. 4,543 332 794 9 17 17.00 to 17.99.. 2,216 122 342 9 10 18 00 to 18.99.. 3.586 119 449 10 4 19 00 to 19.99.. 7,617 163 254 1 12 20.00 to 20.99.. 3,605 99 879 2 7 21.00 to 21.99.. 6,045 193 128 6 22.00 to 22.99.. 6,072 88 150 3 10 23.00 to 23.99.. 2,923 64 73 2 4 24.00 to 24.99.. 6,738 76 60 2 10 25.00to 25.99.. 3,547 66 66 40 6 26.00 to 26.99.. 2,865 23 51 1 3 27.00 to 27.99.. 3,243 27 26 6 28.00 to 28.99.. 3,276 10 18 1 2 29.00 to 29.99,. 2,229 4 21 1 1 30.00 to 34.99 . 9,884 25 73 17 35.00 to 39.99.. 5,722 10 17 6 40.00 to 44.99.. 4,592 1,002 8 1 O 4 1,063 86,431 6 Totals 4,047 10,029 622 902 T 30 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. REPORT OF THE BOARD OF INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS. Members of the Board. 1. Adam Bell, Deputy Minister of Labour, Chairman Parliament Buildings, Victoria. 2. William Alexander Carrothers _ Parliament Buildings, Victoria. 3. Christopher John McDowell ._ 1000 Douglas Street, Victoria. 4. Fraudena Eaton 1902 Blenheim Street, Vancouver. 6. James Thomson _ — _. 411 Dunsmuir Street, Vancouver. Officials of the Board. Mabel A. Cameron, Secretary Parliament Buildings, Victoria. Vancouver Branch Office 411 Dunsmuir Street, Vancouver. To the Honourable the Minister of Labour, Province of British Columbia. Sir,—We have the honour to present the Third Annual Report of the Board of Industrial Relations for the year ended December 31st, 1936. Since its formation in April, 1934, the Board has continued to make orderly progress in the discharge of its responsibilities. The first report of the Board laid down the principle upon which the Board intended to proceed in restoring to- industry the foundations in wage-structures that had been shattered by the stress of the depression. The report of the following year disclosed the degree to which that object had been attained in bringing more than 100,000 workers under enactments establishing minimum wages and controlling hours of work. The present report may properly be termed a record of further advancement for during the period under review a number of new regulations have been promulgated. By the revision of existing regulations minimum wages in some occupations have been raised, and by the application of the additional statutory powers vested in the Board by legislative amendments relating to conditions of labour some improvement in that direction has been accomplished. That the recovery in industry and business has had its effect upon wages is clearly demonstrated in the statistical tables. The legal minimum has by no means become the standard, but rather has proved to be the fundamental incentive that has stimulated and maintained the upward trend so gratifying to record. Since its formation the Board has held a total of 181 sessions and 131 delegations have been heard. During 1936 fifty-four sessions have been held and forty-six delegations have been received, representing employers and employees in all parts of the Province affected by the Board's decisions'. To date fifty minimum-wage Orders have been made, affecting the welfare of more than 125,000 employees. In reaching its decisions the Board has tried to give fair consideration to all angles of the problems of industry and labour, and while it has not been found possible to accede to the requests of both sides in their entirety, the manner in which the findings of the Board have been received would indicate that they have been reasonable and justifiable in the circumstances. The practice of calling all administrative officers into conference with the Board was again followed this year, and as usual the exchange of views obtained from actual administrative experience was found most beneficial. STATISTICAL DATA COVERING WOMEN AND GIRL EMPLOYEES. Statistical returns submitted by 3,565 employers for 1936 furnished information regarding the employment of 21,924 individual women and girl employees. This is the highest total reached since the Department started to gather figures, and surpasses the 1929 record of the former Minimum Wage Board, when 20,766 female workers were reported. In that year, however, 3,602 firms sent in returns, and it is encouraging to note that the peak number was almost equalled during the year under review. REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1936. T 31 An increase of 263 firms reporting and of 1,990 women and girl employees is shown over the 1935 figures, which would tend to indicate that depression conditions have definitely been overcome. The following tables have been compiled for the various industries and occupations which are covered by minimum-wage Orders set by the Board. Comparisons may be made with figures of four previous years. In studying these tabulations the reader should bear in mind that the forms sent out to employers throughout the Province requested figures for the week during 1936 in which most employees were employed. Mercantile Industry. 1936. 1935. 1934. 1933. 1932. 479 4,723 4,326 397 $56,086.46 $3,523.49 $12.96 $8.88 8.40% 40.58 421 4,382 3,960 422 1 $51,158.70 $3,353.22 $12.92 $7.95 9.63% 40.38 390 4,239 3,870 369 $48,968.56 $2,750.77 $12.65 $7.45 8.70% 40.92 379 3,930 3,604 326 $46,074.00 $2,622.50 $12.78 $7.12 8.30%, 41.03 402 3,810 Over 18 years 3,436 374 Total weekly wages— $45,984.50 $3,169.00 Average weekly wages— Employees over 18 years $13.38 $8.47 Percentage of employees under 18 years Average hours worked per week 9.82% 42.30 With 58 more firms than in 1935, the total number of female employees is 341 in advance of the previous year. A slight increase is noted in the average wage for employees 18 years of age or over, being $12.96 per week, as against $12.92 for last year. A relatively higher increase for girls under 18 years is noted, as the 1936 weekly average worked out at $8.88, which is 93 cents more than the 1935 figure. A decline from 9.63 to 8.40 in the percentage of young girls is shown for 1936. The average weekly hours reveal a slight increase over 1935, standing for 1936 at 40.58 instead of 40.38. Since the Mercantile Order provided for a higher hourly rate of pay for women working less than forty hours per week, there has not been such a marked tendency on the part of employers to bring in so many extras for a few hours during rush periods. The payment of a daily guarantee, equivalent to wages for four or five hours' work, has also helped to curb the former undesirable practice and has tended towards a more regular employment for a greater number of employees. Laundry Industry. 1936. 1935. 1934. 1932. Number of firms reporting..... Total number of employees Over 18 years Under 18 years Total weekly wages— Employees over 18 years Employees under 18 years Average weekly wages— Employees over 18 years Employees under 18 years Percentage of employees under 18 years Average hours worked per week 81 991 911 80 $11,462.44 $658.04 $12.58 $8.23 8.07% 41.94 81 900 857 43 $10,517.50 $406.74 $12.27 $9.46 4.78% 41.12 72 847 810 37 59,679.17 $309.74 $11.95 $8.37 4.37% 39.91 65 846 785 61 18,964.00 $470.00 $11.42 $7.70 7.21% 37.92 62 864 818 46 19,979.00 $351.00 $12.20 $7.63 5.32% 39.49 Although exactly the same number of firms—namely, 81—completed their returns in 1936 as in 1935, there were 91 more employees on the pay-rolls. The average wage for adult laundry- workers rose from $12.27 in 1935 to $12.58 per week in 1936. For girls under 18 the average dropped from $9.46 to $8.23 and 8.07 per cent, of this class of help appeared on the returns as against 4.78 per cent, in 1935. T 32 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. While in some instances a shortening of the working-week is looked upon with favour in this industry, the broken time has been so pronounced of recent years that it causes a certain amount of satisfaction to note that the average weekly hours rose from 41.12 in 1935 to 41.94 for the following year. As wages are calculated on a strictly pro rata hourly basis in this line of work, it happens that comparatively few workers receive the equivalent of the legal minimum of $13.50, which is the sum prescribed for a 48-hour week. Laundry operators contend that the increasing use of electric washing-machines has seriously interfered with the volume of their business; hence staffs are reduced to shorter hours and corresponding reductions are reflected on their pay-rolls. Public Housekeeping Occupation. Number of firms reporting Total number of employees Over 18 years Under 18 years Total weekly wages— Employees over 18 years Employees under 18 years Average weekly wages— Employees over 18 years Employees under 18 years Percentage of employees under 18 years . Average hours worked per week $40 500 2,961 2,878 83 265.89 $956.54 $13.99 $11.52 2.80% 42.79 429 2,343 2,303 40 10,189.28 $452.10 $13.11 , $11.30 1.71% 41.31 433 2,256 2,209 47 $29,243.64 $499.15 $13.24 $10.62 2.08% 41.31 1933. 1932. 352 1,895 1,797 $24,763.00 $901.50 $13.78 $9.20 5.17% 42.30 361 1,871 1,830 41 $26,448.00 $504.00 $14.45 $12.29 2.19% 43.26 Substantial increases are noted in this group in the number of firms reporting and in the number of employees recorded. Returns were furnished by 500 in 1936, being 71 firms more than sent in forms for 1935, accounting for 2,961 female employees, or 618 more than were engaged in this type of occupation during the previous year. Wage increases for both the adult and the younger worker are revealed by the figures. For those 18 years or over the weekly average advanced from $13.11 to $13.99, and for girls under 18 their average weekly remuneration was $11.52 in 1936, an increase of -22 cents per week over the former year's sum of $11.30. Comparatively few young girls are found in this type of work, the percentage being 2.80 of the whole number of female workers. This, however, is an increase of a little over 1 per cent, in comparison with 1935. Average hours worked per week by woman and girl employees advanced from 41.31 in 1935 to 42.79 for the year under review. Th.3 Order relating to the Public Housekeeping Occupation provides higher hourly rates for employees working less than 40 hours a week, with a daily guarantee equal to four hours' pay. These provisions have again proved their worth in materially assisting to eliminate the former custom on the part of some employers (chiefly restaurant proprietors) of bringing girls in for about two hours at the midday peak periods, paying them the mere hourly rate and deducting for one meal. Office Occupation. Number of firms reporting Total number of employees Over 18 years Under 18 years Total weekly wages— Employees over 18 years Employees under 18 years Average weekly wages— Employees over 18 years . Employees under 18 years Percentage of employees under 18 years . Average hours worked per week 1935. 1934. 1,848 5,344 5,280 64 14,789.14 $645.41 $17.95 $10.08 1.20% 40.88 1,727 4,827 4,809 18 14,596.16 $195.20 $17.59 $10.84 0.37% 40.79 1,716 4,818 4,783 35 12,745.51 $347.80 $17.30 $9.94 0.73% 40.59 1933. 1,810 4,708 4,660 48 1,947.00 $484.50 $17.37 $10.09 1.02% 38.95 1,772 4,614 4,575 39 $83,938.50 $408.00 $18.35 $10.46 0.85% 41.18 REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1936. T 33 There were 5,344 office-workers reported for 1936, in the employ of 1,848 firms. This meant 517 more employees than 19®5 and 121 more employers. In 1929, 5,259 females were recorded on 1,985 office staffs, so it will be seen that the current year's figure of 5,344 clerical workers has established a record in this classification. The average weekly wage for the adult worker stands at $17.95 this year, a slight advance over the 1935 average of $17.59. While cuts that went into effect during the depression years have been restored in many instances, the general upward swing has not yet overcome the drastic salary reductions that occurred a few years ago. Notwithstanding this somewhat slow recovery, it may be of interest to note that the average wage is practically $3 a week more than the minimum prescribed by the Office Order for experienced employees 18 years of age or over. In tabulating the figures in this group it was revealed that 502 women in the Province were in receipt of salaries of $25 a week or more. The average weekly hours showed an almost imperceptible advance over the 1935 figure, being 40.88 hours in place of 40.79. A few more girls under 18 were found engaged in this occupation than was the case during the previous year, although the numbers are still very low. By the time a girl has completed her schooling and taken a commercial course, usually she will have passed her eighteenth birthday. Personal Service Occupation. 1936. 1935. 1934. 1933. 1932. 138 427 417 10 $5,486.48 $66.05 $13.16 $6.60 2.34% 38.07 108 376 374 2 $4,873.84 $18.00 1 $13.03 $9.00 0.53% 36.81 110 384 378 6 $4,932.31 $10.25 $13.05 $1.71 1.56% 37.95 90 305 298 7 $4,319.00 $48.00 $14.49 $6.86 2.30% i 38.93 393 Under 18 years - .■ ' ■ Total weekly wages— Employees over 18 years ' ____ _ Employees under 18 years _ - Average weekly wages— 13 $5,302.00 $100.00 $13.95 $7.69 Percentage of employees under 18 years 3.31% 36.82 Thirty more firms furnished returns in 1936 than in 1935, placing the figure at 138. These included 427 employees, an increase of 51 over the former total. Besides beauty-parlour attendants, the Order covers ushers in theatres, whose hours in suburban localities are often very broken. In some country places picture-shows are held on certain nights of the week only, and this has a marked tendency to curtail working-hours. The average working-week was computed at 38.07 hours, which was, however, just about 1% hours in excess of the 1935 average. With an average weekly remuneration of $13.16 for employees over 18 years of age, a gain of 13 cents is recorded from the 1935 figure. The younger workers showed a gain of 1.81 per cent, in numbers from the previous year. Fishing Industry. 1936. 1935. 1934. 1933. Number of firms reporting Total number of employees Experienced _ Inexperienced Total weekly wages— Experienced employees — Inexperienced employees — Average weekly wages— Experienced employees Inexperienced employees Percentage of inexperienced employees- Average hours worked per week 6 32 24 $234.20 $26.73 $9.76 $3.34 25% 26.24 4 11 10 1 $101.35 $4.00 $10.13 $4.00 9.09% 25.33 2 11 11 $96.85 $8.80 26.50 6 15 10 5 $164.00 $50.50 $16.40 $10.10 33.33% 51.60 1 55 48 7 $592.00 $42.00 $12.33 $6.00 12.73% 45.64 T 34 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. Owing to the fact that the Order in this classification specifically excludes the Canning branch of the industry there are comparatively few employees covered, and, coupled with the unattractiveness of the work, the result is that very few women are found in this group. The hours, it will be noted, were short—namely, 26.24 for the average week. The average weekly wages for experienced employees, however, are not so correspondingly low, standing as they do at $9.76. Telephone and Telegraph Occupation. 1933. Number of firms reporting.. __ Total number of employees Experienced- - Inexperienced — Total weekly wages— Experienced employees — Inexperienced employees - Average weekly wages— Experienced employees.. Inexperienced employees Percentage of inexperienced employees Average hours worked per week 124 1,791 1,571 220 $28,717.26 $2,462.93 $18.28 $11.20 12.28% 40.46 120 1,689 1,630 59 $27,776.16 $673.00 $17.04 $11.41 3.49% 39.53 109 1,589 1,583 6 1,909.12 $52.50 $17.00 $8.75 0.38% 39.75 104 1,601 1,536 65 $22,622.00 $606.50 $14.73 $9.33 4.06%, 38.42 112 1,646 1,628 18 $28,013.00 $139.00 $17.21 $7.72 1.09% 39.77 Out of the 124 firms who sent in pay-roll data for the current year, those employing private switchboard operators are included besides the regular telephone and telegraph companies. A marked increase in the number of operators is recorded for 1936, there having been 102 more women in this type of occupation than appeared in 1935. It is in this classification that the most noticeable increase in wages occurs. The average rose from $17.04 in 1935 to $18.28 in 1936, and places the average at $3.28 above the rate of $15 set by the Board. The weekly hours were extended from an average of 39.53 to 40.4(6. The percentage of inexperienced employees showed a marked increase, which, however, was rather to be expected in view of the greater number employed during the year under review, new hands evidently having been taken on to be trained. The average wage for the inexperienced employees worked out at $11.20 per week, a slight drop from the former figure of $11.41. Manufacturing Industry. 1935. 1934. 1933. Number of firms reporting Total number of employees. Experienced— Inexperienced Total weekly wages— Experienced employees- Inexperienced employees- Average weekly wages— Experienced employees Inexperienced employees- Percentage of inexperienced employees- Average hours worked per week 314 2,500 2,167 333 $30,694.89 $3,015.36 $14.16 $9.06 13.32% 42.92 311 2,310 2,111 199 $29,869.50 $1,734.50 $14.15 $8.72 8.61% 43.28 284 2,249 1,955 294 $26,975.51 $2,504.27 $13.80 $8.52 13.07% 42.34 284 2,123 1,745 378 $25,627.50 $3,145.00 $14.68 $8.32 17.80% 41.92 290 2,188 1,838 350 $26,036.50 $3,340.00 $14.17 $9.54 . 16.00% 41.23 Although only 3 more firms sent in returns in 1936, still there were 190 more employees recorded in the industry than in 1935. While the weekly average for the experienced worker remained practically the same as for the previous year, there was a reduction in the working- hours. These dropped from an average of 43.28 to 42.92 hours. Girls under 18 years of age averaged $9.06 per week, which was 34 cents higher than the preceding year's average. The employees in this group are working in many lines of industrial undertakings. Reference to the summary of Orders will disclose the varied types of factories covered by the regulations. REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1936. T 35 Fruit and Vegetable Industry. 1936. 1935. 1934. 1933. Number of firms reporting — , 75 71 76 62 3,155 3,096 2,986 2,472 2,803 2,681 2,680 2,009 Inexperienced , - 352 415 306 463 Total weekly wages—■ Experienced employees $41,831.03 $41,167.84 $40,681.77 $31,116.00 Inexperienced employees $3,082.70 $4,032.30 $2,824.65 $4,635.50 Average weekly wages— $14.92 $15.36 $15.18 $15.49 Inexperienced employees $8.76 $9.72 $9.23 $10.01 Percentage of inexperienced employees 11.16% 13.40% 10.25% 18.73% Average hours worked per week. _... 46.02 46.68 47.17 48.33 There were 59 more employees and 4 more firms about whom the Board received statistical data for 1936 than for the preceding year. It will be noted that this is the only group in the nine tabulated in which a decrease in the weekly average for experienced employees occurred, a decline of 44 cents having been registered. The average hours worked during the week was 46.02, a drop from 46.68 in 1935. The actual hours are very broken in this line of work, depending on the run of fruit to the canneries and packing-houses. At certain times the work is spread over a large number of employees who are not on duty for a full day, but in this way they are available when the products roll in in large quantities for immediate handling. Those engaged in picking fruit are not covered by the Order, as the Act specifically excludes fruit-pickers from its scope. The processing of glace cherries was carried on in the Okanagan again in 1936 on a larger scale than in 1935, many girls being employed to pit the cherries. This work added materially to the pay-rolls and it happened that in most cases the employees were retained for other work later on after the cherries were taken care of. Summary of all Occupations. 1935. 1934. 1932. Number of firms reporting Total number of employees Over 18 years, or experienced.. Under 18 years, or inexperienced Total weekly wages— Employees over 18 years, or experienced Employees under 18 years, or inexperienced ... Average weekly wages— Employees over 18 years, or experienced,. Employees under 18 years, or inexperienced — Percentage of employees under 18 years, or inex perienced Average hours worked per week 3,565 21,924 20,377 1,547 $309,567.79 $14,437.25 $15.19 $9.33 7.06% 41.98 3,272 19,934 18,735 1,199 $280,250.33 $10,869.06 $14.96 $9.07 6.01% 41.79 3,192 19,379 18,279 1,100 $270,232.44 $9,299.13 $14.78 $8.45 5.68% 41.81 $244, $12, 3,152 17,895 16,444 1,451 596.50 964.00 $14.87 8.11% 41.33 3,184 17,903 16,436 1,467 $255,286.00 $12,934.00 $15.53 $8.82 8.19%, 42.07 With returns bearing on 21,924 actual women and girl employees an all-high mark has been reached. Since records have been kept by the Department of Labour this is the first time there have been more than 21,000 gainfully employed women reported. The total shows a gain of 1,990 over 1935. For one week their total earnings amounted to $324,005.04, which would go to prove that woman has established for herself a recognized place in the business and industrial life of the community. We, of course, realize that the yearly pay-roll would not amount to fifty-two times the sum above mentioned, for, unfortunately, much of the work in which the women are engaged is of a seasonal nature and sometimes of short duration, as in certain canneries and packing-houses and some branches of the manufacturing industry. We are glad to note that the weekly average wages for both experienced and inexperienced workers are a little higher for the year under review than for 1935. They stand at $15.19 and $9.33, in comparison with $14.96 and $9.07, the respective averages for the two groups during the prior year. While the " Female Minimum Wage Act " permits of the employment of not more than 35 per cent, of the female staff at less than the minimum wage fixed by Order for experienced employees, only 7.06 of this percentage was used by all the firms in 1936, which would indicate that the quota set by the Statute is a generous one. For the entire working force of 21,924 women and girl employees their week consisted on an average of 41.98 hours, which is just a very little longer than was recorded the year before. During the depression years there was a tendency in certain quarters to place some employees on part time, but this practice is not in such general use at the present time. Staffs have been added to, wage-cuts have been restored, and partial employment has been discontinued in many instances, so that more normal conditions of employment are in vogue now than for several years past. Name of Industry. Legal Minimum Wage for Full-time* Experienced Employees. Received Actual Minimum Wage for Experienced Work. Receiving More than Minimum Wage for Experienced Work. Receiving Less than Minimum Wage for Experienced Work. Total. No. of Employees. Per Cent. No. of Employees. Per Cent. No. of Employees. Per Cent. $12.75 13.50 14.00 15.00 14.25 15.50 15.00 14.00 12.96 1,912 113 1,040 1,364 126 165 426 39 40.48 11.40 35.12 25.52 29.51 9.21 17.04 1.24 1,578 270 1,191 3,324 157 7 1,231 944 1,857 33.41 27.25 40.22 62.20 36.77 21.875 68.73 37.76 58.86 1,233 608 730 656 144 25 395 1,130 1,259 26.11 61.35 24.66 12.28 33.72 78.125 22.06 45.20 39.90 4,723 991 2,961 5,344 Personal service. 427 32 Telephone and telegraph 1,791 2,500 Fruit and vegetable 3,155 Totals, 1936 Totals, 1935 5,185 3,796 23.65 19.04 10,559 9,724 48.16 48.78 6,180 6,414 28.19 32.18 21,924 19,934 * Forty-eight hours a week. The various Orders of the Board, establishing minimum wages for experienced workers in the respective occupations, also make provision for lower rates for younger or less skilled employees. There is nothing in the regulations to prevent employees being paid in excess of the amounts prescribed by the Orders. The accompanying table portrays the situation and shows the numbers and proportions in each industry receiving the actual minimum wage, those in receipt of more than the legal minimum, and those getting less. Those whose wages were held to the exact minimum amounted to 5,185 or 23.65 per cent., which is over 4 per cent, more than appeared in this category in 1935. Over 10,000 employees received pay-cheques in excess of the legal minimum, so that 48.16 per cent, of all women and girl employees were paid more than the law actually required. This is surely very tangible evidence that the minimum wage has not become the maximum, as certain people continue to assert when this class of legislation is under discussion. In the section that shows 6,180 employees, or 28.19 per cent, of the total, getting less than the minimum for experienced workers there are included the less skilled or younger girls inexperienced employees over 18 years working under permit, and employees working short time. This group contains 4 per cent, less than appeared in a similar classification last year. Table showing Labour Turnover in each Group—Number of Employees in Continuous Service of Employer reporting. t3 & d ta u u CJ > o ti 13 '•g s Name of Industry. fH a C3 ci CJ 0 OJ ca OJ OJ a Cl ci OJ Cl 03 O QJ , o a OJ X >H :* in !« in ^ tn © CJ QJ £* cj j3°r OQ O OJ tj S o CO o O ta o CO o o OO o CJ o O * 5S& z 5 OQ CO ■*f ta CD t- 00 OJ •n £h£ Zp Mercantile 119 2,280 319 437 291 171 163 168 144 164 106 371 4,723 479 Laundry 35 294 125 110 46 34 34 45 58 54 38 118 991 81 Public housekeeping 104 1,341 292 296 185 151 112 100 81 86 46 167 2,961 500 Office 132 1,117 373 464 389 246 255 291 395 335 236 1,111 5,344 1,848 Personal service 19 163 36 62 39 15 24 14 13 14 9 19 427 138 25 1 1 5 32 6 Telephone and telegraph — 4 408 133 147 70 21 28 76 184 189 78 453 1,791 124 149 871 194 256 164 101 126 137 115 103 54 230 2,500 314 452 1,540 357 267 178 121 56 42 36 39 21 46 3,155 75 Totals, 1936 1,014 8,039;i,8302,039 1 1 1 1,363 860 798 868 1,026 984 588 2,515 21,924 3,565 The returns received from employers indicated how long each employee had been with the particular firm, and the appended table sets out the length of continuous service with the employer sending in the report. While the total shown as having been with the employer for a period less than one year may seem rather high, it must be borne in mind that the figures were required for the week of greatest employment. In the mercantile group this would coincide with the busy Christmas season, when numerous extra hands are required to cope with the intensive business occurring at that time. These additional employees do not have steady work and their numbers swell the total for the short term of service. The fruit and vegetable industry, being of a highly seasonal nature, contributes an imposing figure in the short-term column. It can be quite readily understood how necessary it is to put large numbers to work when the perishable fruits and vegetables are received for immediate handling. Only a comparatively few firms in this type of industry operate twelve months in the year; hence the majority of the staffs automatically drop into the section recording employment for less than one year. At the other extreme it is noted that 2,515 women had been with their respective employers continuously for ten years or more. The office group contributes 1,111 such persons out of a total of 5,344. It may be interesting to draw attention to the longest terms of service in each classification. In the mercantile group 1 employee had served her present employer for 28 years, while two had passed the 25-year mark. The longest service shown in the laundry and cleaning industry was a 25-year term. With 28 years of work to her credit, an employee in the public housekeeping occupation surpassed all others for continuity of employment. When we come to the office occupation we find 10 employees who have served for 30 years or more with the respective employers who sent in the returns, the record service period being one of 39 years. The personal service group can boast of 1 employee who has put in 27 years of unbroken employment. Naturally, in the fishing industry, which is extremely seasonal in character, we do not expect to find any very long terms of employment, but there were 5 women who had followed the same line of work with their employers over a period of 6 years. The telephone and telegraph industry reveals 1 employee with 34 years' uninterrupted service to her credit and 2 with 31 years. Sixteen operators have devoted 25 years or more to their employers without changing firms. Quite a record is established in the manufacturing group by 1 employee who has devoted 35 years to one employer. T 38 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. The employee with 19 years' service to her credit appears at the top in the seasonal fruit and vegetable industry, a rather remarkable achievement, considering the character of the business. Proportion of Single, Married, and Widowed Employees and Their Earnings. Name of Industry Single. Earnings. Married. Earnings, Widowed. Earnings. 3,915 635 1,934 4,630 323 22 1,529 1,852 1,701 $48,267.79 7,509.29 27,211.16 82,206.39 4,094.22 108.13 26,567.33 24,436.93 22,733.55 632 299 774 569 90 10 227 572 1,389 $8,647.81 3,868.80 10,450.20 10,330.94 1,239.07 152.80 3,963.04 8,079.90 21,237.51 176 67 253 145 14 35 76 65 $2,694.35 742 39 Public housekeeping - Office 3,561.07 2,897.22 219.24 649.82 1,193.42 Fruit and vegetable— 942.67 Totals 16,541 $243,134.79 4,562 $67,970.07 821 $12,900.18 1936, per cent 75.45% 74.43% 20.81% 21.58% 3.74% 3.99% The foregoing table depicts the marital status of the women workers and shows the respective earnings of the single, married, and widowed employees in each class of occupation. It will be noted that during 19*36 the single wage-earners increased just over 1 per cent, in comparison with the 1935 numbers. There were fewer married women on the current pay-rolls by about three-quarters of 1 per cent., and widowed workers accounted for the remaining one-quarter of 1 per cent, decrease since 1935. The relative numerical standing of these three classes of employees has shown very little variation over a number of years, and the Board is still convinced that the married employee retains her place on the labour market through actual financial necessity. There may be a few exceptions, but they do not constitute as serious a problem in the distribution of employment as comments of certain critics would appear to indicate. INSPECTIONS AND COLLECTIONS. Steadily and systematically inspections and investigations have been made during the year in all parts of the Province. These inspections amounted to 10,245, and as a result the sum of $60,172.72, was collected and paid over to men and women who had not received wages in accordance with the requirements of the various Orders under which they had been working. Of this amount, $34,796.31 was distributed among men and boys and $21,227.86 to women and girls. The balance, $4,148.55', was ordered paid to employees as a result of Court cases. In all, 1,044 firms were affected and 2.043 employees experienced this very tangible benefit of the protection afforded by the Acts and Orders of the Board. COURT CASES. Since the inception of the Board of Industrial Relations we have endeavoured to bring about observance of the orders and regulations by a process of education. In this we have met with a great deal of success. Unfortunately, however, there have been and always will be those who, regardless of warnings, fail to observe the requirements of the Statutes. During 1936 it became necessary to lay charges in the Courts against employers who, when infractions were brought to their notice, failed or refused to abide by the Orders of the Board. The following summary shows the number of cases and the Statute under which the prosecution was made, also a resume of the charges and results:— Cases. Convictions. Dismissed or Withdrawn. ' Female Minimum Wage Act' ' Male Minimum Wage Act "... ' Hours of Work Act " ' Factories Act' 72 40 56 9 62 38 53 10 2 3 ' Semi-monthly Payment of Wages Act' ' Truck Act " REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1936. T 39 COURT OASES—Continued. " Female Minimum Wage Act." Name of Employer. Charge. Sentence and Remarks. Mah Wing, Ltd., Grand Forks Failure wage to pay minimum Fined $25 and 3.75 costs. Pacific Cafe, Greenwood - Failure wage to pay minimum Fined $25 and ordered to pay arrears. Mrs. Hazel Fleming, "Vancouver Failure wage to pay minimum Fined $25. Harry Blacknall, Courtenay Failure to pay minimum Fined $25 and ordered to pay arrears, wage $173.75. Royal Cafe, Courtenay Failure to pay minimum Dismissed. wage Martin Peterson, Trail __ Failure wage to pay minimum Fined $20 and ordered to pay arrears, $196.60. Jack & Jill Coffee Shop, 512 Hastings Street Failure to pay minimum Suspended sentence and ordered to pay West, Vancouver wage arrears, $92.70. Independent Financiers, Ltd., 675 Hastings Failure to pay minimum Fined $25 and ordered to pay arrears, Street West, Vancouver wage $9.10. North West Sack Co., Ltd., 853 Powell Failure to keep records Fined $10. Street, Vancouver P. L. Barter, 850 Hastings Street West, Failure to pay minimum Fined $25. Vancouver wage J. Muckle, Kapoor _ Failure wage to pay minimum Withdrawn, settled; arrears, $176.62. Grosvenor Hotel, Vancouver.. Failure wage to pay minimum Fined $25. McDonald's Chocolates, 878 Georgia West Failure to keep records Fined $10. and 605 Granville Streets, Vancouver La Charme Beauty Salon, Mrs. Florence Failure to pay minimum Guilty ; suspended sentence. Brown, 3066 Granville Street, Vancouver wage Fred Romano, Trail Failure wage to pay minimum Withdrawn upon payment of Court costs and arrears. Harry Taylor, Trail. Failure wage to pay minimum Fined $25 ; costs, $2.50 ; and pay arrears. $103.10. Stanley Theatre, 2750 Granville Street, Failure to keep records Fined $10. Vancouver Sargen Singh (Second Avenue Wood Yard), Failure to pay minimum Guilty ; suspended sentence ; $2.50 costs. 1722 Second Avenue West, Vancouver wage White Star Cafe, Vancouver Failure wage to pay minimum Fined $25 and costs. Rob Roy Sandwich Shops, Ltd., 812 Hornby Failure to pay minimum Fined $25. Street, Vancouver wage Pacific Dress & Uniform Co., 619 Granville Failure to keep records Fined $10 and $2.50 costs. Street, Vancouver Ziegler Candy Co., 977 Granville Street, Failure to keep records Fined $10 and $2.50 costs. Vancouver Bo-Peep Beauty Shop, 3566 Fourth Avenue Failure to keep records Fined $10 and $2.50 costs. West, Vancouver Bess'tt Beauty Shop, 2604 Granville Street, Failure to keep records Fined $10 and $2.50 costs. Vancouver Canyon View Hotel, Capilano Failure to pay minimum Dismissed. wage Canyon View Hotel, Capilano..„ ., .. Excessive hours of work Guilty; suspended sentence; ordered to pay costs. Louis Lubin, Vancouver Failure wage to pay minimum Dismissed. Grandview Lunch, Vancouver Failure to pay minimum Guilty; suspended sentence. wage Mrs Tada, Vancouver Failure to keep records Dismissed. Wilcox Beauty Parlors, 6031 West Boule Failure to keep records Fined $10 and $2.50 costs. vard, Vancouver Pacific Wood Products, Ltd., 1954 Kent Failure to keep records Fined $10 and $2.50 costs. Street, Vancouver Pacific Wood Products, Ltd., 1954 Kent Failure to pay minimum Fined $25 and ordered to pay arrears. Street, Vancouver wage T 40 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. COURT CASES—Continued. " Female Minimum Wage Act "—Continued. Name of Employer. Charge. Sentence and Remarks. Star Hotel, 637 Seymour Street, Vancouver Failure wage to pay minimum Fined $25 and ordered to pay arrears. G. Ricardo Kemp, 355 Burrard Street, Van Failure to pay minimum Fined $25 and ordered to pay arrears, $63. couver wage G. Ricardo Kemp, 355 Burrard Street, Van Failure to pay minimum Suspended sentence and ordered to pay couver wage arrears, $116.10. Glen Lunch, 513 Pender Street West, Van Failure to pay minimu-m Suspended sentence and ordered to pay couver wage arrears, $11.47. Glen Lunch, 513 Pender Street West, Van Failure to pay minimum Ordered to pay arrears. couver wage Glen Lunch, 513 Pender Street West, Van Failure to pay minimum Ordered to pay arrears. couver wage Wilcox Beauty Parlor, 6031 West Boule Failure to pay minimum Fined $25 and ordered to pay arrears, $50. vard, Vancouver wage Connaught Apartments, 2515 Vine Street, Failure to pay minimum Fined $25 and ordered to pay arrears, $318. Vancouver wage Dr. Kenneth McRae, Vancouver. _ Failure wage to pay minimum Fined $25 and ordered to pay arrears, $127. Dr. J. L. Turnbull, Braemar Apartments, Failure to pay minimum Suspended sentence and ordered to pay Vancouver wage arrears, $50. Marine Cafe, 936 Pender Street West, Van Failure to pay minimum Fined $25 and ordered to pay arrears, couver wage $158.75. Royal Theatre, 142 Hastings Street East, Failure to pay minimum Fined $25 and $2.50 costs on one charge; Vancouver wage (six charges) remainder suspended sentence. Royal Theatre, 142 Hastings Street East, Failure to keep records. Dismissed. Vancouver Sam Silas, 796 Robson Street, Vancouver Failure wage to pay minimum Guilty and ordered to pay arrears, $75.60. Miller Stores, Ltd., Rossland Failure wage to Pay minimum Fined $25 and ordered to pay arrears, $6.90. Royal Vancouver Yacht Club, Vancouver ... Failure wage to pay minimum Withdrawn when arrears of $176 were paid. National Cafe, Cranbrook Failure to keep records Fined $10 and $2.50 costs. Ritz Cafe, Cranbrook... _ Failure to keep records Fined $10 and $2.50 costs. Sun Lun Cafe, Cranbrook Failure to keep records. Fined $10 and $2.50 costs. Patricia Cafe, Cranbrook "Failurp -,r> Vppti rpp.orHs Fined $10 and $2.50 costs. Ernie Marr, Cranbrook ■ Failure to keep records Fined $10 and $2.50 costs. New Moon Cafe, 1 Pender Street East, Failure to pay minimum Fined $25 on one charge and ordered to pay Vancouver wage arrears. New Moon Cafe, 1 Pender Street East, Excessive hours (three Suspended sentence on remaining charges. Vancouver charges) Blue Owl Hamburger, Second and Pender Failure to keep records Fined $10. Streets, Vancouver Blue Owl Hamburger, Second and Pender Failure to pay minimum Fined $25 and ordered to pay arrears. Streets, Vancouver wage Sullivan Hotel, Kimberley Failure wage to pay minimum Fined $25 ; costs, $4.25 ; and pay arrears, $181.38. R. P. Hughes, Kelowna Failure to pay minimum Dismissed in Police Court. Department appealed this case; Judge Swanson re wage versed the Magistrate's decision and fined defendant $25 and ordered arrears of $38.50 paid. Maxine School of Beauty Culture, Van Collusion to defeat Order Dismissed; ordered to pay $8.43. couver of Board Travellers Cafe, Kelowna Failure to keep records Guilty; suspended sentence. Travellers Cafe, Kelowna Failure wage to pay minimum Guilty; suspended sentence; ordered to pay arrears of $27.56 and $2.50 costs. Travellers Cafe, Kelowna Failure wage to pay minimum Dismissed. Green Star Cafe, Harrison Hot Springs • Failure wage to pay minimum Guilty; ordered to pay arrears, $12.15; costs, $9.75. Frank Wilbee, 3327 Kingsway, Vancouver Failure wage to pay minimum Guilty ; suspended sentence ; arrears, $3.75 ; costs, $2.50. REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1936. T 41 COURT OASES—Continued. " Male Minimum Wage Act." Name of Employer. Charge. Sentence and Remarks. G. P. Bagnall, Vernon. . Failure wage to pay minimum Fined $50 and costs. King's Cafe, 215 Carrall Street, Vancouver Excessive hours — Dismissed. Failure wage to pay minimum Suspended sentence; pay arrears, $8.50. Failure to produce records Failure to keep proper records Alberta Lumber Co., Ltd., Vancouver Failure wage to pay minimum Fined $150. Kenmore Apartments, Vancouver Failure wage to pay minimum Fined $50 and pay arrears, $75.64. Failure wage to pay minimum E. J. Winchcombe, Nelson Failure wage to pay minimum Fined $50 and pay arrears, $149.46. P. Bain Lumber Mills, Ltd., Whonnock Failure to post notices.. Fined $30 and $2.50 costs. Lazareff & Co., Trail Failure wage to pay minimum Fined $50 and $7 costs. Lazareff & Co., Trail. wage Lazareff & Co., Trail , ._... Failure wage to pay minimum Fined $50 and $7 costs. Lazareff & Co., Trail -_ _ Failure wage to pay minimum Fined $50 and $7 costs. Nick Yoykin, Trail ■ Failure to keep records..,.. Fined $10 and $3.75 costs. Windermere Hotel, Victoria _ Failure wage to pay minimum Fined $50 and pay arrears, $77.46. Failure wage to pay minimum Granville Cabs, Ltd., Vancouver — Failure wage to pay minimum Fined $50 and pay arrears, $83.60. Vancouver Cabs, Ltd., Vancouver Failure wage to pay minimum Fined $50 and pay arrears, $521.09. General Signs, Ltd., and Victor David Neon Failure to pay minimum Fined $50. Signs, Ltd., Vancouver wage H. A. Roberts, Ltd., Vancouver. Failure to pay minimum Suspended sentence ; ordered to pay arrears, wage (three charges) $116.63. Rio Vista Auto Camp (F. R. Brown) Bur- Failure to pay minimum Arrears paid ; ease withdrawn. naby wage Refrigerator Fruit Stand, 10 Hastings Failure to pay minimum Suspended sentence ; ordered to pay arrears, Street West, Vancouver wage $50. Penticton Sawmills. Ltd.. Penticton... Failure Failure Failure Failure wage to keep records .,.,. to keep records ._ to keep records to pay minimum Fined $50 and $3.75 costs. Fined $10 and $2.50 costs. Fined $50 and $3.75 costs. Failure wage to pay minimum (two charges) Naranjan Singh, Burnaby Failure to keep records $7.50 costs. Dollar Lumber & Fuel Co., North Van- Failure to pay minimum Fined $50 and $14 costs ; ordered to pay couver wage (four charges) $747.08 arrears. Wing Lee Co., 258 Keefer Street, Van- Failure to keep records Fined $10. couver General Supply Co., Ltd., 1127 Granville Failure to keep records.— Fined $25. Street, Vancouver Archibald & Shepherd, Ltd., Vancouver Failure to pay minimum Suspended sentence; ordered to pay $48.71 wage arrears in wages. Archibald & Shepherd, Ltd., Vancouver Failure to pay minimum Suspended sentence ; ordered to pay arrears wage $29.40 and $2.50 costs. T 42 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. COURT OASES—Continued. " Hours op Work Act." Name of Employer. Charge. Sentence and Remarks. Willock Truck Equipment Co., Ltd., Van Excessive hours , , Fined $25 or two months in prison. couver Peter Fomenoff, Castlegar.— — Failure to keep records Fined $10 and $3.75 costs. J. G. Lawrence, Vancouver Failure to keep records Suspended sentence. 0. S. Lien, 1049 Sixty-fourth Avenue West, Failure to keep records Fined $10 and $2.50 costs. Vancouver Bowman Creek Lumber Co., Ltd., Nelson ... Failure to keep records Fined $15. Pioneer Fruit & Vegetable Co., 1436 Gov Failure to keep records - Fjned $10. ernment Street, Victoria Jagat Singh, 779 Market Street, Victoria „ Failure to keep records Fined $10. Old John Fuel Co., Victoria,..., _ Failure to keep records — Fined $10. A. G. Beattie, Victoria Failure to keep records Withdrawn on payment of arrears. Blackburn Market, Seymour and Robson Failure to produce records Fined $10 and $2.50 costs. Streets, Vancouver on request Ruskin Box Manufacturing Co., Ruskin Failure to keep records Fined $10 and $2.50 costs. Ruskin Box Manufacturing Co., Ruskin Failure to post notices Fined $25 and $2.50 costs. Failure to keep records Fined $10 and $3.75 costs. McKenzie Construction Co., Vancouver Failure to post notices Fined $25 and costs. Morris Lipson, Vancouver.— Failure to keep records Fined $10 and costs. Weinstein Produce, Vancouver Failure to keep records Fined $10 and costs. Alberta Wood Yard, Vancouver Failure to keep records — Fined $10 and costs. Clover Leaf Dairy, Ltd., Vancouver — Failure to keep records — Fined $10 and costs. Willock Truck Equipment, Ltd., Broadway Excessive hours , Fined $25 and $5 costs. West, Vancouver Wilbee's Service Stores, Ltd., 3327 Kings- Suspended sentence. way, Vancouver Failure to keep records Failure to keep records Fined $10. Fined $10 and $2.50 costs. Withdrawn. Busy Bee Cafe, 1100 Robson Street, Van Failure to post notices Fined $25. couver F. R. Stewart & Co., Ltd., Water Street, Failure to post proper no Fined $25 and $2.50 costs. Vancouver tices Chess Bros., Ltd., 137 Water Street, Van Failure to post proper no Fined $25 and $2.50 costs. couver tices Chess Bros., Ltd., 137 Water Street, Van Working excessive hours ,. Fined $25 and $2.50 costs. couver Lum Foo Wing, Vancouver. Failure to produce records Fined $10 and $2.50 costs. Totem Stores. Ltd.. Chilliwack Working excessive hours... Fined $25 and $4.25 costs. Mrs. H. McLean, 1209 Fifth Avenue, Van Failure to post notice Fined $25. couver National Lunch, Ltd., Vancouver _~. Failure to keep proper Suspended sentence; $2.50 costs and pay records arrears, $74. National Lunch, Ltd., Vancouver Failure to keep proper Suspended sentence; $2.50 costs and pay records arrears, $13.40. Refrigerator Fruit Stand, 10 Hastings Failure to keep records Fined $10. Street West, Vancouver Refrigerator Fruit Stand, 10 Hastings Failure to post notice Fined $25. Street West, Vancouver McLennan, McFeely & Prior, Ltd., Van Working excessive hours„. Fined $15 and costs. couver McLennan, McFeely & Prior, Ltd., Van Failure to post notices Suspended sentence. couver David Hall Sign Co., Ltd., Vancouver— Working excessive hours.,. Fined $15 and costs. International Junk Co., Ltd., Vancouver— Working excessive hours- Fined $10. International Junk Co., Ltd., Vancouver- Failure to keep true records Working excessive hours... Fined $10. Central Creamery, Ltd., Vancouver Suspended sentence; $2.50 costs. Coach Lines News Stand, Victoria Failure to keep records Fined $10. Wing Lee Laundry, 258 Keefer Street, Van Failure to keep records Guilty ; suspended sentence ; $2.50 costs. couver H. Brown & Sons, Ltd., 50 Water Street, Failure to keep daily rec Fined $10. Vancouver ords REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1936. T 43 COURT CASES—Continued. " Hours of Work Act "—Continued. Name of Employer. Charge. Sentence and Remarks. Tom Kee Co., 240 Keefer Street, Van Failure to post notice Fined $25; in default, 15 days. couver Tom Kee Co., 240 Keefer Street, Van Failure to keep records Guilty; suspended sentence. couver Green Star Cafe, Harrison Hot Springs — Failure to keep proper records Guilty; suspended sentence. Classic Cleaners, 278 Tenth Avenue East, Failure to post notice.. - Dismissed. Vancouver Classic Cleaners, 278 Tenth Avenue East, Failure to keep records Fined $10 and $2.50 costs. Vancouver Alma Meat Market, 3685 Broadway West, Failure to produce records Fined $10 and $2.50 costs. Vancouver Mainland Transfer Co., Ltd., Vancouver.— Excessive hours (four charges) Fined $25 and $2.50 costs. McGavin, Ltd., Vancouver..— , Failure to keep records Fined $25. Canada Billiard Hall, Trail- Failure to keep records Suspended sentence: $2.50 costs. Associated Financial Brokers, Ltd., Van Failure to keep records Fined $10 and $2.50 costs. couver " Factories Act." Name of Employer. Charge. Sentence and Remarks. Louis Lubin, 2706 Granville Street, Vancouver Sec. 12, Sec. 63, Excessive Employir tory Open on Open on Open on Open on Sec. 63, ' Factories Act " ' Factories Act " hours in factory g child in a fac- Fined $15 and costs. Canada Nut Factory, Ltd., 1090 Mainland Drive, Vancouver Arnot & Sons, Vancouver... Fined $25. Suspended sentence and $2.50 costs.. Fined $50 and $2.50 costs. toria Fined $50 and $2.50 costs. toria Hin Nom, 1719 Quadra Street, Victoria Hing Lund, 858 North Park Street, Victoria holiday Fined $50 and $2.50 costs. Fined $50 and $2.50 costs. Emily O. Ehvorthy, c/o David Spencer, Ltd., Vancouver. " Factories Act" Fined $50 and $2.50 costs. " Semi-monthly Payment of Wages Act.-' Name of Employer. Charge. Sentence and Remarks. Gray's Sawmill, Quesnel Albert White, Hixon Creek Kennedy Lumber Co., Ltd., Barriere Failure to pay wages semimonthly Failure to pay wages semimonthly Failure to pay wages semimonthly Guilty; suspended sentence. Fined $100 and costs. Fined $100 and $4.25 costs. " Truck Act." Name of Employer. Charge. Sentence and Remarks. J. W. Hughes, Kelowna.. Dismissed. T 44 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. WAGE COMPARISONS, 1918, 1934, 1935, 1936. The accompanying tables set out in a graphic way the wage trends in non-seasonal occupations for the past three years and afford a convenient comparison with conditions existing in 1918, the year in which minimum-wage legislation was introduced in the Province. One very noticeable feature in these figures is the decline in the percentage of the younger employees, which shows that employers have not taken undue advantage of the lower rates fixed in the Orders for this class of worker. Mercantile Industry. 1918. j 1934. 1935. 1936. Average weekly wages— I $12.71 $7.70 15.49% l 1 $12.65 $7.45 8.70% $12.92 $7.95 9.63% $12.96 $8.88 Percentage of employees under 18 years.... - 8.40% Laundry Industry. Average weekly wages— Employees over 18 years.. Employees under 18 years. Percentage of employees under 18 years.. $12.58 $8.23 8.07% Public Housekeeping Occupation. Average weekly wages— Employees over 18 years _ Employees under 18 years .— Percentage of employees under 18 years- $13.99 $11.52 2.80% Office Occupation. Average weekly wages— Employees over 18 years Employees under 18 years Percentage of employees under 18 years.. $16.53 $10.88 7.45% $17.30 0.73? $17.59 $17.95 $10.84 $10.08 0.37% 1.20% Personal Service Occupation. Average weekly wages— Employees over 18 years.. Employees under 18 years Percentage of employees under 18 years.. $13.16 $6.60 2.34% Telephone and Telegraph Occupation. Average weekly wages— Experienced employees ..-. Inexperienced employees ..... Percentage of inexperienced employees. $15.55 $11.90 8.70% $17.00 $8.75 0.38% $17.04 $11.41 3.49% $18.28 $11.20 12.28% REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1936. T 45 Manufacturing Industry. 1918. 1934. 1935. 1936. Average weekly wages— $12.54 $9.57 28.64% $13.80 $8.52 13.07% $14.15 $8.72 8.61% $14.16 $9.06 NEW ORDERS. Reference to the Summary of Orders in the Appendix to this report will show that several Orders were revised during the year and, in addition, new Orders were promulgated for occupations that had not been covered previously. The occupation of taxicab-driver was dealt with under Order No. 33, which replaced the former Order No. 6. The office occupation came in for revision and Order No. 34 superseded Order No. 4. By Order No. 35 the wood-working industry was given attention. This replaced Order No. 11, and one of its new provisions prescribed rates of pay for male persons under 18 years of age. Order No. 36 relating to the sawmill industry was promulgated to apply to the whole of the Province, and in this way took the place of Orders 2 and 14, which formerly dealt with territories west and east of the Cascade Mountains separately. A reduction in the percentage of employees permitted to be paid less than the rate for those over 21 years of age was effected by the Order, which fixed wages for all male employees over or under 21 years of age. The box-manufacturing industry came in for attention and by Order No. 37 cancelled Order No. 7, set rates for boys under 18 years of age, and reduced the percentage allowance whereby certain employees might be paid less than the rate fixed for males 21 years of age or over. Order No. 38 relating to the mercantile industry replaced former Order No. 10', and contained new provisions designed to help young men between 18 and 21 and between 21 and 24, who were either totally inexperienced or who were recommencing employment in the industry. Special rates were set for their employment under permit from the Board, and the plan has proved very satisfactory, enabling these youths to find employment where it would otherwise have been difficult for them to find a place in the industry. Orders varying conditions in the fruit and vegetable industry were passed during the year, and certain temporary measures in connection with the male and female mercantile Orders were also put into effect. Order No. 39, establishing a minimum wage for first-aid attendants, was a completely new Order, and by its enactment a class of employee which had not previously enjoyed the benefit of the Board's protection now became covered by an appropriate Order. Order No. 40 established a minimum wage in the carpentry trade for employees in the southerly portion of Vancouver Island. This was a new enactment by the Board. " HOURS OF WORK ACT." There still seems to be an opinion in some quarters that the " Hours of Work Act " applies to all workers in the Province, and it is again considered necessary to print for general information the Schedule in the Act when passed by the Legislature. schedule. (1.) Mining, quarrying, and other works for the extraction of minerals from the earth. (2.) Industries in which articles are manufactured, altered, cleaned, repaired, ornamented, finished, adapted for sale, broken up or demolished, or in which materials are transformed ; including ship-building and the generation, transmission, and transformation of electricity or motive power of any kind, and logging operations. (3.) Construction, reconstruction, maintenance, repair, alteration, or demolition of any building, railway, tramway, harbour, dock, pier, canal, inland waterway, road, tunnel, bridge, viaduct, sewer, drain, well, telegraphic or telephonic installation, electrical undertaking, gaswork, waterways, or other work of construction, as well as the preparation for or laying the foundations of any such work or structure. T 46 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. To the above have been added, with the approval of the Lieutenant-Governor in Council:— Occupation of barbering, August 2nd, 1934. Mercantile industry, August 9th, 1934. Baking industry, November 22nd, 1934. Catering industry, December 1st, 1934. Transportation industry, June 20th, 1935. Occupation of elevator operator, February 28th, 1935. Occupation of hotel clerk, September 25th, 1935. Employers reported 90,871 employees, of whom 87.12 per cent, were working 48 hours or less per week, 6.42. per cent, between 48 and 54 hours per week, and 6.46 per cent, in excess of 54 hours per week. A comparison with previous years may be seen in the following table:— Year. Firms reporting. Employees reported. 48 Hours or less per Week. Between 48 and 54 Hours per Week. In excess of 54 Hours. 1930 4,704 4.088 3,529 3.530 3,953 4,153 4,357 87,821 84,791 68,468 71,185 75,435 81,329 90,871 Per Cent. 77.60 83.77 80.36 77.95 85.18 88.78 87.12 Per Cent. 13.36 6.79 7.70 10.93 5.76 5.26 6.42 Per Cent. 9.04 1931 - - - - .... 9.44 1932 1933 - - 11.92 11.12 1934 1935 9.06 5.96 1936 - - 6.46 The average weekly working-hours for all employees for same years being: 1936 1935 j. 1934 : _ _ 1933 — 1932 1931 1930 ... 47.63 47.17 47.32 47.35 47.69 47.37 48.62 Since the " Hours of Work Act" came into effect we have shown the average weekly hours by industries and the following table continues this effort:— Average Weekly Hours of Work, by Industries. Industry. 1932. 1933. 1934. 1935. 1936. Breweries... Builders' materials, etc. - Cigar and tobacco manufacturing.. Coal-mining - Coast shipping - Contracting — — Explosives, chemicals, etc.- Food products, manufacture of.. Garment-making..— House-furnishing Jewellery, manufacture of Laundries, cleaning and dyeing Leather and fur goods, manufacture of.. Lumber industries— Logging - Logging-railways.. Lumber-dealers Planing-mills Sawmills. Shingle-mills . Metal trades — Metal-mining— Miscellaneous trades and industries.. 46.17 40.64 46.00 46.44 51.11 43.97 49.70 49.25 46.58 41.53 39.16 46.44 46.69 48.28 49.34 45.80 48.55 48.48 47.12 45.70 50.34 46.51 45.81 42.19 42.71 47.93 51.82 43.42 42.00 47.83 43.68 43.33 42.00 44.40 41.33 48.41 50.36 45.28 48.26 49.15 45.50 45.85 52.11 44.96 46.41 44.97 44.13 48.00 50.04 43.68 47.76 50.60 44.89 43.91 43.47 44.05 46.17 48.33 49.69 45.93 48.00 48.37 46.69 45.39 51.51 45.82 45.15 44.55 44.38 47.99 49.72 43.81 48.36 48.85 42.60 45.50 43.54 44.49 46.18 48.46 52.46 47.30 49.16 48.35 47.46 45.02 50.05 48.93 44.98 44.44 43.45 48.03 48.58 44.57 43.83 50.54 44.79 44.92 44.43 44.74 45.61 48.66 50.70 45.07 48.45 48.50 47.28 45.36 49.89 46.17 REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1936. T 47 Average Weekly Hours of Work, by Industries—Continued. Industry. 1932. 1933. 1934. 1935. 1936. 47.03 44.07 44.61 44.79 42.81 53.24 45.43 44.72 46.29 43.68 44.09 48.30 43.53 46.47 44.87 45.33 44.82 44.01 44.37 47.93 44.06 41.39 44.67 44.19 42.76 43.81 44.10 47.99 43.97 44.27 44.87 46.09 43 87 44 54 Pulp and paper manufacturing— 47.85 Smelting _ Street-railways, gas, water, power, etc Wood-manufacture (not elsewhere specified) 47.90 45.29 46.05 Enforcement of the " Hours of Work Act " during the year has been very satisfactory, and employers are now realizing that overtime cannot be worked without first making application for a permit. During the year under review 1,0-53 such permits were granted for emergency work not exempt by regulations made pursuant to the Act. Prior to the " Hours of Work Act" employees on a weekly or monthly rate had to work overtime when required, usually with no remuneration for the additional hours. In an endeavour to curtail overtime the Board of Industrial Relations has adhered as closely as possible to the policy that overtime permits- be granted on condition that not less than time and one-quarter of the employee's rate of pay be paid; this ruling has been a boon to many workers who would otherwise have worked the additional hours without additional remuneration. A return of overtime worked must be made to the Department showing the names of the employees who worked overtime, their rate of pay, and the amount paid under the permit, thus affording a complete check on each permit. Although the number granted for 1936 exceeds the previous year, this has resulted from closer inspection on the part of the staff, who are on the lookout, even after business hours, for any infraction of labour legislation. CONCLUSION. In concluding this report, we again acknowledge with appreciation the assistance and co-operation from many quarters which has proved invaluable in assisting the Board and its officials in the performance of their duties. We have the honour to be, Sir, Your obedient servants, Adam Bell, Chairman. William Alexander Carrothers. Christopher John McDowell. Fraudena Eaton. James Thomson. T 48 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. APPENDIX. SUMMARY OF ORDERS MADE PURSUANT TO "MALE MINIMUM WAGE ACT, 1934," AND " FEMALE MINIMUM WAGE ACT, 1934." BAKING INDUSTRY (MALE). Order No. 17, Effective November 23rd, 1934. Includes all operations in or incidental to the manufacture and delivery of bread, biscuits, or cakes. Occupation. Hourly Rate. Weekly Hours. Bakers— 21 years of age and over — 18 years and under 19 years— 19 years and under 20 years.... 20 years and under 21 years ... Delivery salesmen.. 40c. 25c. 30c. 35c. 40c. 48 48 48 48 54 BARBEEING (MALE). Order No. 42, Effective June 14th, 1937. (Superseding Order No. 8, Effective August 3rd, 1931,.) Barbering shall have the meaning set out in section 2 of the " Barbers Act," chapter 5, Statutes, 1924, and amendments. Occupation. Rate. Hours per Week. 1 $18.00 week 40 to 48 hours. (Maximum hours, 48 per week.) Daily minimum, $1.80 BOX-MANUFACTURING (MALE). Order No. 37, Effective April 1st, 1936. (Superseding Order No. 7, Effective August 3rd, 193^.) Includes all operations in or incidental to the making of wooden boxes, barrels, kegs, casks, tierces, pails, or other wooden containers. Hourly Rate. Hours per Week. Adult males.. _ _ —. Not more than 10 per cent, of adult males may be employed at not less than Males 18 to 21 years of age.— — - Males under 18 years of age — _ 35c. 25c. 25c. 20c. 48 (except June, July, August, and September). BUS-DRIVERS (MALE). Order No. 31, Effective October 28th, 1935. Includes every male person in charge of or driving a motor-vehicle with seating accommodation for more than seven passengers used for the conveyance of the public, for which a charge is made. Area. Hourly Rate. Hours. Victoria, Esquimalt, Oak Bay, Saanich- 45c. 50c. 67 He. 40 to 50. Less than 40. In excess of 9 hours in any one day or 50 hours in any one week. REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1936. T 49 CARPENTRY TRADE (MALE). Order No. 40, Effective February 1st, 1937. * Includes all work usually done by carpenters in connection with the construction and erection of any new building or structure or part thereof, and of the remodelling, alteration, and repairing of any existing building or structure or any part thereof. Area. Hourly Rate. Land Districts of Victoria, Lake, North Saanich, South Saanich, Esquimalt, Highland, Metcho- 70c. CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY (MALE). Order No. 12, Effective October 19th, 1934. Includes construction, reconstruction, repair, alteration, or demolition of any building, railway, tramway, harbour, dock, pier, canal, inland waterway, road, tunnel, bridge, viaduct, sewer, drain, well, telegraphic or telephonic installation, electrical undertaking, gaswork, waterways, or other work of construction, as well as the preparation for, or laying, the foundations of any such work or structure. Area. Hourly Rate, 21 Years and over. Hourly Rate, 18 to 21 Years. Hours per Week. Vancouver, West Vancouver, North Vancouver, Victoria, Nanaimo, New Westminster, Prince Rupert, Esquimalt, Saanich, Burnaby, Oak Bay — 45c. 40c. 35c 30c. 48 48 ELEVATOR OPERATORS (MALE). Order No. 32, Effective November 28th, 1935. (Superseding Order No. 19, Effective March 1st, 1935.) Occupation. Rate. Hours per Week. Elevator operators, 18 years of age and over *" _ $14.00 per week. 37%c. per hour. 40 to 48. Less than 40. For female operators' wages and hours see Public Housekeeping; Order No. 30. ENGINEERS, STATIONARY STEAM (MALE). Order No. 18, Effective March 1st, 1935. Includes every employee engaged in producing steam in a steam plant under the authority of a certificate of competency, or who is in charge of, or responsible for, any steam boiler or engine while under steam-pressure or in motion. " Special engineer " means holder of a special or temporary certificate. (See "Boiler Inspection Act," section 28 (1).) Occupation. Hourly Rate. Hours per Week. Engineer...— Engineer, special.. 50c. 40c. 48 48 Note.— (a.) Where engineers do not come within the provisions of the " Hours of Work Act" 48 hours per week may be exceeded but hourly rate must be paid. (b.) For engineers in apartment buildings see Janitors' Order. tc.) Engineers employed in a plant which does not require a certificate of competency shall be paid 40 cents per hour (Order 18B). , .,v. 4 T 50 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. FIRST-AID ATTENDANTS (MALE). Order No. 39, Effective August 1st, 1936. First-aid attendant means every male employee employed in whole or in part as a first-aid attendant under the authority of a certificate of competency in first aid, satisfactory to the Workmen's Compensation Board of British Columbia, and designated by his employer as the first-aid attendant in charge. Hourly Rate. Daily Rate. First-aid attendant- Assistant first-aid attendant Overtime rate when engaged in first-aid work~ 50c. $4.00 4.00 Note.— (a.) " Hours of Work Act " regulates the daily hours in the industry. (0.) If a higher minimum wage has been fixed for any industry or occupation within an industry, the first-aid attendant employed in such industry or occupation must be paid such higher rate. (c.) Actual expenses and transportation costs, in addition to the minimum wage, must be paid any first-aid attendant while attending a patient being conveyed to the medical practitioner or hospital. FISHING INDUSTRY (FEMALE). Effective since February 28th, 1920. This includes the work of females engaged in the washing, preparing, preserving, drying, curing, smoking, packing, or otherwise adapting for sale or use, or for shipment, any kind of fish, except in the case of canned fish. Weekly Minimum Wage. Experienced Workers. Inexperienced Workers. $15.50 per week. $12.75 per week for 1st 4 months. 32%*c. per hour. 13.75 per week for 2nd 4 months. 14.75 per week for 3rd 4 months. Licences required for inexperienced employees 18 years of age or over. FRUIT AND VEGETABLE INDUSTRY (MALE). Order No. 47, Effective July 15th, 1937. (Superseding Order No. 22, Effective April 18th, 1935.) Includes all operations in or incidental to the canning, preserving, drying, packing, or otherwise adapting for sale or use of any kind of fruit or vegetable or seed. Hours per Day. Hourly Rate. First ten hours 11th and 12th hours In excess of 12 hours First ten hours 11th and 12th hours In excess of 12 hours 38c. (Payable to 90 per cent, of employees.) 57c. 76c. 28c. (Payable to 10 per cent, of employees.) 42c. 56c. Note.— (1.) Where an employee is paid a higher hourly rate than the minimum fixed for the first ten hours, the overtime rate for all hours in excess of ten shall not be less than the rates fixed in the Order. (2.) Piece-workers to receive not less than minimum rates. (3.) After five (5) hours continuous employment, employees must have one (1) hour free from duty, unless shorter period approved by the Board of Industrial Relations. REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1936. T 51 FRUIT AND VEGETABLE INDUSTRY (FEMALE). Order No. 46, Effective July 12th, 1937. (Superseding Order No. 21, Effective April 16th, 1935.) Includes the work of females engaged in canning, preserving, drying, packing, or otherwise adapting for sale or use any kind of fruit or vegetable or seed. Hours per Day. Hourly Rate. First ten hours 11th and 12th hours In excess of 12 hours First ten hours 11th and 12th hours In excess of 12 hours (Payable to 90 per cent, of employees.) 45c. 60c. (Payable to 10 per cent, of employees.) 37y2c. 50c Note.— (1.) Where an employee is paid a higher hourly rate than the minimum fixed for the first ten hours, the overtime rate for all hours in excess of ten shall not be less than the rates fixed in the Order. (2.) Piece-workers to receive not less than minimum rates. (3.) After five (5) hours continuous employment, employees must have one (1) hour free from duty, unless shorter period approved by the Board of Industrial Relations. JANITORS (MALE). Order No. 43, Effective June 1st, 1937. (Superseding Order No. 23, in Effect from April 18th, 19, October 3rd, 1935.) 5, and Order No. 23k, in Effect from 1. Includes every person employed as janitor, janitor-cleaner, or janitor-fireman. 2. Janitor, when employed by the hour, thirty-seven and one-half cents (37%c.) per hour. 3. (a.) Resident janitor in apartment buildings of four (4) residential suites and under, thirty- seven and one-half cents (37%c.) per hour. (6.) Resident janitor in apartment buildings, containing:— 5 residential suites, $22.00 per month 6 residential suites, $25.00 per month 7 residential suites, $28.00 per month 8 residential suites, $31.00 per month 9 residential suites, $34.00 per month 10 residential suites, $37.00 per month 11 residential suites, $40.00 per month 12 residential suites, $43.00 per month 13 residential suites, $46.00 per month 14 residential suites, $49.00 per month 15 residential suites, $52.00 per month 16 residential suites, $55.00 per month 17 residential suites, $58.00 per month 18 residential suites, $61.00 per month 19 residential suites, $64.00 per month 20 residential suites, $67.00 per month 21 residential suites, $70.00 per month 22 residential suites, $73.00 per month 23 residential suites, $75.00 per month 24 residential suites, $77.00 per month 25 residential suites, $79.00 per month 26 residential suites, $81.00 per month 27 residential suites, $83.00 per month 28 residential suites, $85.00 per month 29 residential suites, $87.00 per month; 30 residential suites, $89.00 per month; 31 residential suites, $91.00 per month; 32 residential suites, $93.00 per month; 33 residential suites, $95.00 per month; 34 residential suites, $97.00 per month; 35 residential suites, $99.00 per month; 36 residential suites, $101.00 per month; 37 residential suites, $103.00 per month; 38 residential suites, $105.00 per month; 39 residential suites, $107.00 per month; 40 residential suites, $109.00 per month; 41 residential suites, $111.00 per month; 42 residential suites, $113.00 per month; 43 residential suites, $115.00 per month; 44 residential suites, $117.00 per month; 45 residential suites, $119.00 per month; 46 residential suites, $121.00 per month; 47 residential suites, $123.00 per month; 48 residential suites, $125.00 per month; 49 residential suites, $125.00 per month; 50 residential suites, $125.00 per month; over 50 residential suites, $125.00 per month. (c.) In any apartment building where two or more janitors are employed, at least one shall be designated as resident janitor, and be recorded as resident janitor on the pay-roll, and shall be paid according to the rates fixed in clause (6). Where more than one janitor is designated and recorded on the pay-roll as resident janitors, each janitor so designated and recorded must be paid the rates fixed in clause (6). Other janitors in the same apartment building shall be paid thirty-seven and one-half cents (37%c.) per hour for each hour worked. 4. Where suite is supplied, not more than $20 per month may be deducted for two (2) rooms and bath-room, and $5 for each additional room, but in no case shall the rental value deducted exceed $25 per month. T 52 DEPARTMENT OP LABOUR. A deduction of not more than $4 per month may be made for electricity and (or) gas. 5. (a.) In any apartment building containing twenty (20) residential suites and over, every janitor shall be given twenty-four (24) consecutive hours free from duty in each calender week. (b.) In any apartment building containing not more than nineteen (19) and not less than twelve (12) residential suites, every janitor shall be given eight (8) consecutive hours free from duty in each calender week. 6. During the rest periods, substitute janitor (including any member of the janitor's family) shall be paid by the owner or agent of the apartment building according to the provisions of this Order. 7. Where there is no central heating plant, or facilities for supplying central heat to the tenants, the resident janitor may be paid on an hourly basis according to section 2 of this Order. JANITRESSES (FEMALE). Order No. 44, Effective June 1st, 1937. (Superseding Order No. 29, in Effect from October 3rd, 1935.) 1. Includes every person employed as janitress, janitress-cleaner, or janitress-fireman. 2. Janitress, when employed by the hour, thirty-seven and one-half cents (37%c.) per hour. 3. (a.) Resident janitress in apartment buildings of four (4) residential suites and under, thirty- seven and one-half cents (37%c.) per hour. (6.) Resident janitress in apartment buildings, containing:— 5 residential suites, $22.00 per month; 29 residential suites, $87.00 per month; 6 residential suites, $25.00 per month; 30 residential suites, $89.00 per month; 7 residential suites, $28.00 per month; 31 residential suites, $91.00 per month; 8 residential suites, $31.00 per month; 32 residential suites, $93.00 per month; 9 residential suites, $34.00 per month; 33 residential suites, $95.00 per month; 10 residential suites, $37.00 per month; 34 residential suites, $97.00 per month; 11 residential suites, $40.00 per month; 35 residential suites, $99.00 per month; 12 residential suites, $43.00 per month; 36 residential suites, $101.00 per month; 13 residential suites, $46.00 per month; 37 residential suites, $103.00 per month; 14 residential suites, $49.00 per month; 38 residential suites, $105.00 per month; 15 residential suites, $52.00 per month; 39 residential suites, $107.00 per month; 16 residential suites, $55.00 per month; 40 residential suites, $109.00 per month; 17 residential suites, $58.00 per month; 41 residential suites, $111.00 per month; 18 residential suites, $61.00 per month; 42 residential suites, $113.00 per month; 19 residential suites, $64.00 per month; 43 residential suites, $115.00 per month; 20 residential suites, $67.00 per month; 44 residential suites, $117.00 per month; 21 residential suites, $70.00 per month; 45 residential suites, $119.00 per month; 22 residential suites, $73.00 per month; 46 residential suites, $121.00 per month; 23 residential suites, $75.00 per month; 47 residential suites, $123.00 per month; 24 residential suites, $77.00 per month; 48 residential suites, $125.00 per month; 25 residential suites, $79.00 per month; 49 residential suites, $125.00 per month; 26 residential suites, $81.00 per month; 50 residential suites, $125.00 per month; 27 residential suites, $83.00 per month; over 50 residential suites, $125.00 per month. 28 residential suites, $85.00 per month; (c.) In any apartment building where two or more janitresses are employed, at least one shall be designated as resident janitress, and be recorded as resident janitress on the pay-roll, and shall be paid according to the rates fixed in clause (6). Where more than one janitress is designated and recorded on the pay-roll as resident janitresses, each janitress so designated and recorded must be paid the rates fixed in clause (6). Other janitresses in the same apartment building shall be paid thirty-seven and one-half cents (37%c.) per hour for each hour worked. 4. Where suite is supplied, not more than $20 per month may be deducted for two (2) rooms and bath-room, and $5 for each additional room, but in no case shall the rental value deducted exceed $25 per month. A deduction of not more than $4 per month may be made for electricity and (or) gas. 5. (a.) In any apartment building containing twenty (20) residential suites and over, every janitress shall be given twenty-four (24) consecutive hours free from duty in each calender week. (6.) In any apartment building containing not more than nineteen (19) and not less than twelve (12) residential suites, every janitress shall be given eight (8) consecutive hours free from duty in each calender week. 6. During rest periods, substitute janitress (including any member of the janitress's family) shall be paid by the owner or agent of the apartment building according to the provisions of this Order. 7. Where there is no central heating plant, or facilities for supplying central heat to the tenants, the resident janitress may be paid on an hourly basis according to section 2 of this Order. REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1936. T 53 LAUNDRIES, CLEANING AND DYEING (FEMALE). Order in Effect since March 31st, 1919. Experienced Employee—Weekly rate, $13.50. Hours per week, Inexperienced employee . Under 18 years of age. Weekly rate. $8.00 for 1st 4 months. $8.50 for 2nd 4 months. $9.00 for 3rd 4 months. $10.00 for 4th 4 months. $11.00 for 5th 4 months. $12.00 for 6th 4 months. 18 years of age and over. Weekly rate. $9.00 for 1st 4 months. $10.50 for 2nd 4 months. $12.00 for 3rd 4 months. Licences required in this class. Hours per week, 48 Note.— (a.) Above rates are based on a 48-hour week. (6.) Hours of work governed by " Factories Act." LOGGING (MALE), WEST OF THE CASCADE MOUNTAINS AND EXCLUSIVE OF SKEENA RIVER BASIN EAST OF KHYEX RIVER. Order No. 1, Effective April 27th, 1934. Includes all operations in or incidental to the carrying-on of logging; pole, tie, mining-prop, and pile cutting; and all operations in or incidental to driving, rafting, and booming of logs, poles, ties, mining-props, and piles. Rate. Hours per Week. Adult males . Trackmen Cook- and bunk-house employees- 40c. per hour tS7y2c. per hour $2.75 per day 48 48 Unlimited. Note.—Certain exemptions regarding working-hours. (See "Hours of Work" Regulations.) LOGGING (MALE), EAST OF THE CASCADE MOUNTAINS AND SKEENA RIVER BASIN EAST OF THE KHYEX RIVER. Order No. 13, Effective October 19th, 1934. Includes all operations in or incidental to the carrying-on of logging; pole, tie, mining-prop, and pile cutting; and all operations in or incidental to driving, rafting, and booming of logs, poles, ties, mining-props, and piles. Rate. Hours per Week. Adult males Cook- and bunk-house employees . 35c. per hour $2.75 per day 48 Unlimited. MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY (FEMALE). Order No. 25, Effective July 1st, 1935. (Superseding Order in Effect since November 20th, 1923.) Includes the work of females engaged in the making, preparing, altering, repairing, ornamenting, printing, finishing, packing, assembling the parts of, or adapting for use or sale any article or commodity, exclusive of fish, fruit, or vegetable drying, canning, preserving, or packing. Weekly Rate. Hours per Week. Experienced employees.. $14.00 48 T 54 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. Inexperienced Employees—Schedule 1. Includes the manufacture, preparation, or adapting for use or sale of: Tea, coffee, spices, essences, sauces, jelly-powders, baking- powders, molasses, sugar, syrups, honey, peanut butter, cream and milk products, butter, candy, confectionery, bread, biscuits, cakes, macaroni, vermicelli, meats, eggs, soft drinks, yeast, chip and shoestring potatoes, cereals, cooked foods, salads, ice-cream cones, other food products, cans, fruit and vegetable containers, paper boxes and wooden boxes, buttons, soap, paint, varnish, drug and toilet preparations, photographs, ink, seeds, brooms, brushes, whisks, pails, wash-boards, clothes-pins, matches, explosives, munitions, gas- mantles, window-shades, veneer products, batteries, plant fertilizers, maps, saw-teeth and holders, mats, tiles, ropes, and shingles Whether on a time-work or piece-work basis. Not less than—■ $8.00 a week for the first two months of employment. 10.00 a week for the second two months of employment. 12.00 a week for the third two months of employment. 14.00 a week thereafter. Hours per week, 48. Inexperienced Employees—Schedule 2. Includes the manufacture of: Cotton bags, paper bags, envelopes, overalls, shirts, ladies' and children's wear, uniforms, gloves, hats, caps, men's neckwear, water-proof clothing, boots and shoes, tents, awnings, regalia, carpets, furniture, bedding, pillow-covers, loose covers, mattress-covers, draperies, casket furnishings, factory-made millinery, knitted goods, blankets, machine-made cigars, pulp and paper-mill products, artificial flowers, lamp-shades, flags and other decorations, worsted-mill products, baskets, wreaths, and other floral pieces, pianos, optical goods, aeroplanes, toys and novelties, rayon products, stockings and lingerie (including repair of same), and dipped chocolates Whether on a time-work or piece-work basis. Not less than— $8.00 a week for the first four months of employment. 10.00 a week for the second four months of employment. 12.00 a week for the third four months of employment. 14.00 a week thereafter. Hours per week, 48. Inexperienced Employees—Schedule 3. Includes bookbinding, embossing, engraving, printing, dress-making, Whether on a time-work or piece-work men's and women's tailoring, taxidermy, and the manufacture of basis. ready-to-wear suits, jewellery, furs, leather goods, hand-made Not less than— cigars, and hand-made millinery $7.00 a week for the first six months of employment. 10.00 a week for the second six months of employment. 13.00 a week for the third six months of employment. 14.00 a week thereafter. Hours per week, 48. Note.—Licences required for inexperienced employees 18 years of age or over. MERCANTILE (MALE). Order No. 38, Effective July 20th, 1936. (Superseding Order No. 10, dated August 10th, 193i.) Includes all establishments operated for the purpose of wholesale and (or) retail trade. Experienced Employees. Rate. Hours. (2.) 21 years of age and over.. (3.) 21 years of age and over- Minimum rate per day $15.00 per week 40c. per hour $1.60 per day. 37% to 48 hours per week. If less than 37% hours. REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1936. T 55 Males under Twenty-one (21) Years op Age. Minimum Rates for Beginners under Eighteen (18) Years of Age. 87% to 48 Hours per Week. Age. Less than 37% Hours per Week. Hourly Rate. Daily Minimum. (4.) (1.) $6.00 per week.. 7.50 per week- 9.00 per week.. 11.00 per week.. 13.00 per week- 15.00 per week- Under 17 years 17 and under 18 18 and under 19 19 and under 20 20 and under 21 Thereafter 16c. 20c. 24e. 29c. 35c. 40c. 65c. 80c. 95c. $1.15 1.40 1.60 Beginners and those recommencing, Eighteen (18) Years and under Twenty-one (21), to whom Permits have been issued by the Board, under Section 6 of the " Male Minimum Wage Act." 37% to 48 Hours per Week. Age. Less than 37% Hours per Week. Hourly Rate. Daily Minimum. (4.) (2.) $8.00 per week, 1st 12 months 10.00 per week, 2nd 12 months... 13.00 per week, 3rd 12 months Thereafter rates as shown in 2 or 3. 18 to 21 18 to 21 18 to 21 21c. 27c. 35c. 86c. $1.10 1.40 Casual Employment. Hourly Rate. Daily Minimum. Male persona 18 and under 21 years of age, whose work does not exceed five (5) days in any one calendar month, may be employed without permit at 30c. $1.20 (5.) Males Twenty-one (21) Years and under Twenty-four (24). Beginners and those recommencing, to whom Permits have been granted, under Section 6 of the " Male Minimum Wage Act." 87% to 48 Hours per Week. Age. Less than 37% Hours per Week. Hourly Rate. Daily Minimum. $9.00 per week, 1st 6 months.... 11.00 per week, 2nd 6 months- 13.00 per week, 3rd 6 months.. 21 and under 24 21 and under 24 21 and under 24 Thereafter the rates as shown in 2 or 3. 24c. 29c. 35c. 95c. $1.15 1.40 Note.—Bicycle-riders and foot messengers, employed in wholesale and (or) retail establishments, shall be paid at the rates shown in the above Order, and are deleted from the Transportation Order No. 26. T 56 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. DRUG-STORES (MALE). Apprentice Scale for Indentured Apprentices approved by the Board of Industrial Relations. Weekly Rate. * Hours per Week. 1 38_ - MERCANTILE (FEMALE). Order No. 24, Effective July 1st, 1935. (Superseding Order dated September 28th, 1927.) Includes all establishments operated for the purpose of wholesale and (or) retail trade. Rate. Hours per. Week. Experienced employees 18 years of age or over- Experienced employees 18 years of age or over- Minimum, 18 years of age or over $12.75 a week. 35c. per hour $1.40 per day. 40 to 48 If less than 40 hours per week. Inexperienced Employees under 18 Years of Age. 40 to 48 Hours per Week. Less than 40 Hours per Week. $7.50 a week for 1st 3 months. 20c. per hour during 1st 3 months. 8.00 a week for 2nd 3 months. 21c. per hour during 2nd 3 months. 8.50 a week for 3rd 3 months. 23c. per hour during 3rd 3 months. $.00 a week for 4th 3 months. 25c. per hour during 4th 3 months. $.50 a week for 5th 3 months. 26c. per hour during 5th 3 months. 10.00 a week for 6th 3 months. 27c. per hour during 6th 3 months. 10.50 a week for 7th 3 months. 29c. per hour during 7th 3 months. 11.00 a week until age of 18 years is reached. 30c. per hour until age of 18 years is reached. Minimum of $1.00 per day. Inexperienced Employees 18 Years of Age or Over. 40 to 48 Hours per Week. Less than 40 Hours per Week. $9.00 a week 1st 3 months. 10.00 a week 2nd 3 months. 11.00 a week 3rd 3 months. 12.00 a week 4th 3 months. 12.75 a week thereafter. 25c. per hour 1st 3 months. 27c. per hour 2nd 3 months. 30c. per hour 3rd 3 months. 35c. per hour 4th 3 months. Minimum of $1.25 per day. Note.— (a.) Licences must be obtained for inexperienced employees 18 years of age or over at above rates. (b.) Maximum working-hours, 48 per week. REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1936. T 57 OFFICE OCCUPATION (FEMALE). Order No. 34, Effective January 30th, 1936. (Superseding Order No. 4 of May 25th, 1934.) Includes the work of females employed as stenographers, book-keepers, typists, billing clerks, filing clerks, cashiers, cash-girls (not included in other orders), checkers, invoicers, comptometer operators, auditors, attendants in physicians' offices, dentists' offices, and other offices, and all kinds of clerical help. Experienced Employees 18 Years op Age or over. 37% to 48 Hours per Week. Less than 37% Hours per Week. $15.00 per week. 40c. per hour. Minimum, $1.60 per day. Inexperienced Employees 18 Years of Age and over. (Licence required in this Class.) 37 ^ to 48 Hours p?r Week. Less than 37 M; Hours per Week. $11.00 a week for 1st three months. 12.00 a week for 2nd three months. 13.00 a week for 3rd three months. 14.00 a week for 4th three months. 15.00 a week thereafter. 30c. per hour for 1st three months. 32 ^c. per hour for 2nd three months. 35c. per hour for 3rd three months. 371/^c. per hour for 4th three months. 40c. per hour thereafter. Minimum in any one day must equal four hours' pay. Inexperienced Employees under 18 Years of Age. 37V2 to 48 Hours per Week. Less than Zt% Hours per Week. $11.00 a week for 1st six months. 12.00 a week for 2nd six months. 13.00 a week for 3rd six months. 14.00 a week for 4th six months or until employee reaches age of 18 years. 15.00 a week thereafter. 30c. per hour for 1st six months. 32He. per hour for 2nd six months. 35c. per hour for 3rd six months. 37M;C. per hour for 4th six months or until employee reaches age of 18 years. 40c. per hour thereafter. Minimum in any one day must equal four hours' pay. Note.—Office employees are not allowed to exceed eight hours per day without a permit. PERSONAL SERVICE OCCUPATION (FEMALE). Order No. 27, Effective September 5th, 1935. (Superseding, in part, Personal Service Order Effective since September 15th, 1919.) This includes the work of females employed in manicuring; hairdressing; barbering; massaging; giving of electrical, facial, scalp, or other treatments; removal of superfluous hair; chiropody; or other work of like nature. Rate. Hours per Week. Experienced employees 18 years of age or over... Experienced employees 18 years of age or over- Minimum SI 4.25 37V2C. per hour $1.50 per day 40 to 48 Less than 40 hours per week. T 58 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. Inexperienced Employees under 18 Years of Age. 40 to 48 Hours per Week. Less than 40 Hours per Week. $10.00 a week for 1st 6 months. 27c. per hour during 1st 6 months. 11.00 a week for 2nd 6 months. 29c. per hour during 2nd 6 months. 12.00 a week for 3rd 6 months. 32c. per hour during 3rd 6 months. 13.00 a week for 4th 6 months, 35c. per hour during 4th 6 months, or until employee reaches or until employee reaches age age of 18 years. of 18 years. 14.25 a week thereafter. 37%c. per hour thereafter. Minimum, $1.25 per day. Inexperienced Employees 18 Years of Age or Over. 40 to 48 Hours per Week. Less than 40 Hours per Week. $10.00 a week for 1st 3 months. 27c. per hour during 1st 3 months. 11.00 a week for 2nd 3 months. 29c. per hour during 2nd 3 months. 12.00 a week for 3rd 3 months. 32c. per hour during 3rd 3 months. 13.00 a week for 4th 3 months. 35c. per hour during 4th 3 months. 14.25 a week thereafter. 37 %c. per h»ur thereafter. Minimum, $1.25 per day. Licences required for inexperienced employees 18 years of age or over. Note.—Employees waiting on call to be paid according to rates to which they are entitled as set out above. PERSONAL SERVICE OCCUPATION (FEMALE). Effective since September 15th, 1919. This includes the work of females employed as ushers in theatres, attendants at shooting-galleries, and other public places of amusement, garages, and gasoline service-stations, or as drivers of motor-cars and other vehicles. (Other classes of work originally in this Order now covered by Order No. 27.) Wage Rate. Weekly Hours. $14.25 per week. 2911/i6C per hour. 48 hours. Note.— (a.) Ushers in theatres, music-halls, concert-rooms, and the like, engaged after 6 p.m., on legal holidays, and for special matinees, are entitled to a wage of not less than 80 cents an hour, with a minimum payment of 75 cents. (b.) Ushers working more than 18 hours a week, but not in excess of 36 hours, are entitled to not less than $10.80 a week. (Ushers in this category may be employed only between 1.30 p.m. and 11 p.m.) (c.) Ushers working in excess of 36 hours a week up to 48 hours are entitled to not less than $14.25. (d.) No distinction is made for ushers under 18 and over 18 years of age. No apprenticeship considered necessary for ushers. PUBLIC HOUSEKEEPING OCCUPATION (FEMALE). Order No. 30, Effective October 3rd, 1935. (Superseding Order No. 5 of May 24th, 1934.) This includes the work of waitresses, attendants, housekeepers, cooks, and kitchen-help in restaurants, hotels, tea-rooms, ice-cream parlours, light-lunch stands, and other places where food is cooked, prepared, and served for which a charge is made; and the work of chambermaids in hotels, lodging- houses, and apartments where lodging is furnished, whether or not such establishments are operated independently or in connection with any other business; and the work of all female elevator operators. Experienced Employees 18 Years of Age or over. 40 to 48 Hours per Week. Less than 40 Hours per Week. $14.00 per week. 37M:C. per hour. Minimum daily rate, $1.50. REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1936. T 59 Inexperienced Employees 18 Years of Age or over. (Licence required in this Class.) 40 to 48 Hours per Week. Less than 40 Hours per Week. $12.00 per week for 1st three months. 14.00 per week thereafter. 30c. per hour for 1st three months. Minimum of $1.20 per day. Employees under 18 Years of Age. 40 to 48 Hours per Week. Less than 40 Hours per Week. $12.00 per week. 30c. per hour. Minimum, $1.20 per day. Note.— (a.) Time and one-half for hours in excess of 48. (b.) When lodging is furnished, deduction limited to not more than $3 per week. (c.) When board or meals are furnished, 25 cents may be deducted for each meal consumed by the employee. PUBLIC HOUSEKEEPING (FEMALE). Order No. 30a, Effective June 15th, 1937, to September 15th, 1937. Varies Order No. 30 in establishments outside the boundaries of any municipality or any village municipality incorporated under the " Village Municipalities Act." Allowing:—■ Hours not to exceed ten (10) in any one day, nor more than fifty-four (54) in any one week. Hours in excess of forty-eight (48) in any one week shall be paid at not less than time and one-half (1%) of the legal rates fixed in Order No. 30. SAWMILLS (MALE). Order No. 50, Effective August 16th, 1937. (Superseding Order No. 2 of April 27th, 1934, Order No. 14 of October 19th, 1934, and Order No. 36, Effective April 1st, 1936.) Includes all operations in or incidental to the carrying-on of sawmills and planing-mills. Hourly Rate. Weekly Hours. Adult males - Not more than 10 per cent, of all employees at not less than.. Males under 21 years of age 40c. 30c. 30c. 48 48 48 Note.— (a.) Certain exemptions under "Hours of Work Act." (See regulations.) (6.) For engineers see Engineer Order. (c.) For truck-drivers see Transportation Order. (d.) 90 per cent, of all employees not less than 40 cents per hour. SHINGLE-BOLTS (MALE). Order No. 1b, Effective January 4th, 1935. Includes employees engaged in felling, bucking, and splitting shingle-bolts. Rate, $1.30 per cord. Hours, 48 per week. T 60 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. SHINGLE-MILLS (MALE.) Order No. 16, Effective November 23rd, 1934. Includes all operations in or incidental to the manufacture of wooden shingles. Hourly Rate. Weekly Hours. 40c. 48 Note.— (a.) For engineers see Engineer Order. (6.) For truck-drivers see Transportation Order. SHIP-BUILDING INDUSTRY (MALE). Order No. 20, Effective June 14th, 1935. Includes all operations in the construction, reconstruction, alteration, repair, demolition, painting, and cleaning of hulls, putting on or taking off the ways, or dry-docking, of any ship, boat, barge, or scow. Occupation. Hourly Rate. Weekly Hours. Ship-carpenter, shipwright, joiner, boat-builder or wood-caulker . AH other employees . 67y2c. 50c. 48 48 Employees under 21, not more than 10 per cent, of total male employees in plant may be employed at not less than TAXICAB DRIVERS (MALE). Order No. 33, Effective January 30th, 1936. (Superseding Order No. 6, Effective June 29th, 1934.) Includes an employee in charge of or driving a motor-vehicle with seating accommodation for seven passengers or less than seven passengers, used for the conveyance of the public and which is driven or operated for hire. Area. Drivers. Daily Rate. Working-hours. V vncouver, Victoria, Esquimalt, Oak Bay, Saanich-. All ages. $2.50 Unlimited. Note.—If uniform or special article of wearing is demanded by employer, it must be without cost to the employee. TELEPHONE AND TELEGRAPH OCCUPATION (FEMALE). Effective April 5th, 1920. This includes the work of all persons employed in connection with the various instruments, switchboards, and other mechanical appliances used in connection with telephony and telegraphy, and shall also include the work of all persons employed in the business or industry of the operation of telephone or telegraph systems who are not governed by any other Order of the Board. Experienced Workers. Inexperienced Workers. Weekly Hours. $15.00 per week. 31^4c. per hour. $11.00 per week for 1st 3 months. 12.00 per week for 2nd 3 months. 13.00 per week for 3rd 3 months. Licences required for inexperienced employees 18 years of age or over. 48 48 48 In case of emergency, 56 hours. Note.— (a.) Time and one-half is payable for hours in excess of 48. (b.) Every employee must have one full day off duty in every week. (c.) Where telephone and telegraph employees are customarily on duty between the hours of 10 p.m. and 8 a.m., 10 hours on duty shall be construed as the equivalent of 8 hours of work in computing the number of hours of employment a week. (d.) In cases where employees reside on the employers' premises, the employer shall not be prevented from making an arrangement with such employee to answer emergency calls between the hours of 10 p.m. and 8 a.m. REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1936. T 61 TRANSPORTATION INDUSTRY (MALE). Order No. 26, Effective July 4th, 1935. Includes all operations in or incidental to the carrying or transporting for reward, by any means whatever, other than by rail, water, or air, any goods, wares, merchandise, article, articles, or material the property of persons other than the carrier, and the carrying or delivering of goods, wares, merchandise, article, articles, or material by or on behalf of any manufacturer, jobber, private or public owner, or by or on behalf of any wholesale, retail, private, or public vendor thereof, or dealer therein, and the carrying or delivering to or collecting from any other carrier of goods by rail, water, air, or road transport for the purpose of being further transported to some destination other than the place at which such aforementioned carriage or delivery terminates. Weekly Hours. Weekly Hours. Weekly Hours. (1.) Operators of motor-vehicles of 2,000 lb. net weight or over, as specified on the motor- vehicle licence, exclusive of those specified in section 7 hereof Hourly rate (2.) Operators of motor-vehicles of less than 2,000 lb. net weight, as specified on the motor-vehicle licence, exclusive of those specified in sections 3 and 7 hereof Hourly rate (3.) Operators of motor-cycles Hourly rate (4.) Bicycle-riders and foot-messengers employed exclusively on delivery or messenger work Hourly rate - (5.) Swampers and helpers . Hourly rate (6.) Drivers of horse-drawn vehicles other than those covered by section 7 hereof Hourly rate : (7.) Drivers of vehicles employed in the retail delivery of bread or in the retail delivery of milk Hourly rate Less than 40 45c. Less than 40 40c. Less than 40 30c. Less than 40 20c. Less than 40 • 40c. Less than 40 45c. 40 and not more than 50 40 and not more than 50 35c. 40 and not more than 48 25c. 40 and not more than 48 40 and not more than 50 35c. 40 and not more than 50 40c. 40c. In excess of 50 and not more than 54 60c. In excess of 50 and not more than 54 52 He. In excess of 50 and not more than 54 52V2c. In excess of 50 and not more than 54 60c. Note.— (a.) Where vehicle is provided by employee all reasonable costs while vehicle is in use on employer's behalf shall be in addition to above rates. (b.) Where uniforms are required these are to be furnished without cost to employee. (c.) Employees waiting on call to be paid at above rates. (d.) Milk-delivery men may work fifteen (15) hours in excess of 48 per week, provided not more than ten (10) hours is worked in any one day, nor more than three hundred and seventy-eight (378) hours over a period of seven (7) weeks. (e.) Bicycle-riders and foot-messengers in mercantile industry, see Order No. 38. WATCHMEN—LOGGING CAMPS (MALE). Order No. Ia, Effective November 29th, 1934. Wages. Hours. No minimum wage fixed. Not fixed. T 62 DEPARTMENT OP LABOUR. WOOD-WORKING. Order No. 49, Effective August 16th, 1937. Superseding Order No. 35 of April 1st, 1936, and Order No. 11 of August 24th, 1934. Includes all operations in establishments operated for the purpose of manufacturing sash and doors, cabinets, show-cases, office and store fixtures, wood furniture, wood furnishings, veneer products, and general mill-work products. Class. Hourly Rate. Weekly Hours. 40c. 30c. 25c. 48 18 to 21 years of age — 48 48 Note.—After November 14th, 1937, total male employees receiving less than 40 cents must not exceed 33% per cent, of all male employees. REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1936. T 63 BOARD OF INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS MINIMUM WAGE ORDERS. The following is a complete list of all Orders made by the Board of Industrial Relations, compiled as at August 10th, 1937:— Serial No. Industry. Date of Order. Date Gazetted. Date effective. Minimum Wage Act. Date cancelled. 17 8 42 7 37 31 40 12 45 45A 48 Baking Barbering Barbering Box-manufacture Box-manufacture Bus-drivers Victoria and Dis> trict) _ Carpentry _____ Construction _______ Construction Construction (Cancelling 45) Construction ._„_ 19 Elevator Operators 32 Elevator Operators 18 Engineers, Stationary Steam.. 18A Engineers, Stationary Steam _ 18b I Engineers, Stationary Steam__ 18c Engineers, Stationary Steam _ First-aid Attendants _ Fishing 3 Fruit and Vegetable _. 3a Fruit and Vegetable - 21 I Fruit and Vegetable - 2lA Fruit and Vegetable (Emergency) 2lB ] Fruit and Vegetable _ 21c I Fruit and Vegetable .. 22 ( Fruit and Vegetable __ 22a i Fruit and Vegetable (Emergency) 22b Fruit and Vegetable __. 22c Fruit and Vegetable . 46 Fruit and Vegetable... 47 Fruit and Vegetable __ 23 | 23a I 43 | Ba 1 29 44 IA lc 9 13 13a 15 Janitor Janitor _ Janitor Janitresses (Public Housekeeping) Janitresses (Public Housekeeping) Janitresses.... Janitresses Laundry, Cleaning and Dyeing Logging (West of Cascade Mountains) Logging (Watchman) Logging (Skeena and Khyex Rivers) Logging and Sawmills Logging (East of Cascade Mountains) —- Logging (Skeena and Khyex Rivers) _ Cancelling No. 9 _ Nov. 1/34— July 12/34... April 5/37.- July 12/34... March 23/36 Oct. 15/35 .... Dec. 1/36 Sept. 28/34„ June 14/37... July 2/37...„ July 29/37— Feb. 8/35 Nov. 26/35- Feb. 8/35 April 17/35- June 26/36... May 14/37-.. June 26/36— May 2/34. June 12/34 ._ April 16/35 . Dec. 2/35 July 21/36 — Aug. 26/36... April 16/35... Dec. 2/35 July 21/36— Aug. 26/36... July 2/37 July 2/37 April 17/35... Sept. 25/35- May 14/37 Nov. 9/34 — April 17/35... Sept. 26/35... May 14/37 April 7/34. Nov. 9/34... Jan.24/36.. July 12/34. Sept. 28/34 Jan. 24/36.. Sept. 28/34 Nov. 8/34.... July 19/34.... April 8/37 — July 19/34... March 26/36 Oct. 17/35 .... Dec. 3/36 Oct. 4/34 ... June 17/37... July 8/37 .... July 29/37... Feb. 14/35 ... Nov. 28/35 - Feb. 14/35- April 18/35- July 2/36 May 20/37.- July 2/36 -- Jan. 15/20... May 3/34 ... June 14/34 _ April 18/35- Dec. 5/35 July 23/36.- Sept. 3/36 .... April 18/35 . Dec. 5/35 — July 23/36 _ Sept. 3/36— July 8/37 July 8/37— April 18/35... Oct. 3/35 _ May 20/37 .. Nov. 15/34 ... April 18/35- Oct. 3/35 May 20/37 — Feb. 27/19... April 12/34... Nov. 15/34— Jan.30/36 — July 19/34 — Oct. 4/34 Jan.30/36 - Oct. 4/34 Nov. 23/34 Aug. 3/34... June 14/37. Aug. 3/34 _ April 1/36 . Oct. 28/35 .. Feb.1/37— Oct. 19/34 .. July 5/37 ... July 8/37 - July 29/37 .. March 1/35 Nov. 28/35 . March 1/35 April 18/35 July 2/36 ... June 1/37- Aug. 1/36 ... Feb. 28/20 - May 18/34.. June 29/34 April 18/35 Dec. 5/35 _ July 23/36. Sept. 3/36 - April 18/35 Dec. 5/35 .... July 23/36 _ Sept. 3/36.. July 12/37- July 12/37... April 18/35 Oct. 3/35 .... June 1/37 - Nov. 30/34 April 18/35 . Oct. 3/35 — June 1/37.... March 31/19... April 27/34 _. Nov. 29/34 Jan. 30/36 Aug. 3/34 Oct. 19/34 Jan. 30/36 __.. Oct. 19/34 . Male Male Male — Male — Male- Male — Male Male — Male — Male Male Male — Male Male — Male Male Male.... Male .... Female Female. Female Female. Female Female Female Male — Male— Male Male — Female Male Male Male — Male.— Female Female Female Female- Female Male—. Male Male Male Male — Male Male ... June 14/37 April 1/36 July 8/37 Nov. 26/35 April 18/35 April 18/35 July 12/37 March 31/36 July 12/37 July 12/37 July 12/37 March 31/36 July 12/37 July 12/37 May 31/37 May 31/37 April 18/35 Oct. 3/35 May 31/37 Oct. 19/34 T 64 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. Board of Industrial Relations Minimum Wage Orders—Continued. Serial No. Industry. Date of Order. Date Gazetted. Date effective. Minimum Wage Act. Date cancelled. 28 25 10 10 24 24 24a 24b 38 38 4 34 27 27A 5 30 30A 2 14 28 36 50 IB 16 20 Logging and Sawmills (Cost of Board, Cranbrook Area) — Manufacturing - Mercantile — Mercantile (Supplementary, 1935) - Mercantile (Christmas Cards, 1935) — Mercantile Mercantile 1935)— (Supplementary, Mercantile (Christmas Cards, 1935) Mercantile (Supplementary, 1936) Mercantile - Mercantile ( Supplementary, 1936).— — Office Occupation . Office Occupation . Personal Service Personal Service — Personal Service (Temporary) - - Public Housekeeping Public Housekeeping - Public Housekeeping Sawmills— Sawmills (East of Cascade Mountains) — Sawmill and Logging (Cost of Board, Cranbrook Area) Sawmills Sawmills Shingle-bolts Shingle-mills — Ship-building 6 | Taxicab-drivers - 33 | Taxicab-drivers (Vancouver, Victoria, and District) Telephone and Telegraph 2a Tie-cutting _ 26 Transportation _ 26A 1 Transportation — 11 [ Wood-working 35 [ Wood-working . 49 I Wood-working. Sept. 25/35. May 29/35 ... July 24/35— Nov. 26/35 .. Oct. 15/35— May 29/35— Nov. 26/35... Oct. 15/35 ... Dec. 1/36 — June 26/36 _ Dec. 1/36 — May 2/34 __ Jan. 24/36... Aug. 29/35 .. Dec. 17/35 ... May 2/34 ..... Sept. 26/35... April 2/37— April 7/34 ... Sept. 28/34... Sept. 25/35 _ March 23/36 August 3/37 Dec. 14/34 _ Nov. 1/34 .... May 28/35 ._ June 13/34 . Jan. 24/36 ... May 2/34 .... June 19/35 _ June 26/36 - Aug. 1/34 ... March 23/36 Aug. 3/37 .... Sept. 26/35 _ June 6/35 — July 26/35 - Nov. 28/35 ... Oct. 17/35._ May 30/35... Nov. 28/35 ... Oct. 17/35 — Dec. 3/36 July 2/36 ..... Dec. 3/36 — May 10/34 ... Jan. 30/36 _". Aug. 14/19 - Sept. 5/35 — Dec. 19/35 ... May 10/34 ... Oct. 3/35 —. April 8/37 — April 12/34 . Oct. 4/34 —. Sept. 26/35 . March 26/36 Aug. 4/37 __.. Dec. 20/34 _. Nov. 8/34 May 30/35 .. June 14/34 . Jan. 30/36 .. March 4/20 . May 3/34 .... June 20/35 _ July 2/36 .... Aug. 9/34 ... March 26/36 Aug. 4/37— Sept. 26/35 . July 1/35 Aug. 10/35 — Nov. 28/35 .... Oct 17/35 ...... July 1/35 Nov. 28/35 — Oct. 17/35 — Dec. 3/36 July 20/36 — Dec. 3/36 May 25/34 ...... Jan.30/36 — Sept. 15/19 — Sept. 5/35 — Dec. 19/35 May 25/34 — Oct. 3/35 June 15/37 to Sept. 15/37- April 27/34._. Oct. 19/34 Sept. 26/35 April 1/36 .... Aug. 16/37 — Jan. 4/35 Nov. 23/34 — June 14/3.5 ... June 29/34 — Jan. 30/36 — April 5/20 ..._. May 18/34 — July 4/35 July 20/36 — Aug. 24/34 — April 1/36 ..... Aug. 16/37 Male — Female Male — Male — Male — Female Female Female Female Male Male — Female Female Female Female Female Female Female Female Male — Male — Male — Male .... Male — Male — Male — Male Male Male — Female Male —. Male — Male — Male — Male Male — July 20/36 Dec. 31/35 Dec. 31/35 Dec. 31/35 Dec. 31/35 Jan. 2/37 Jan.2/37 Jan. 30/36 Dec. 31/35 Oct. 3/35 Sept. 15/37 April 1/36 April 1/36 Aug. 16/36 Jan.30/36 Sept. 30/34 April 1/36 Aug. 16/37 REPORT OP DEPUTY MINISTER, 1936. T 65 LABOUR LEGISLATION. FIRST SESSION. " Barbers Act Amendment Act."—Board of Examiners increased to four members, three elective, one who is an employer, two who are journeymen or employees for hire, and one appointed by the Minister of Labour. Providing for examination fee of $10' and, if unsuccessful, $5 for any subsequent examinations. Providing for apprenticeship in accordance with " Apprenticeship Act," " Male Minimum Wage Act," and the " Female Minimum Wage Act." Transferring the administration from the Provincial Secretary to the Minister of Labour. SECOND SESSION. " Apprenticeship Act."—The " Apprenticeship Act, 1935," was amended to provide for apprenticeship for youths over 21 years of age; the Act as passed in the 1935 session limited its application to those between the ages of 16 and 2:1 years. " Male Minimum Wage Act."—This Act was amended, giving the Board of Industrial Relations power to stipulate " conditions of labour and employment" when promulgating minimum wage orders. It also makes it an offence for any person to impersonate an Inspector of the Board of Industrial Relations. "Female Minimum Wage Act."—This Act was amended, giving the Board of Industrial Relations power to stipulate " conditions of labour and employment" when promulgating minimum wage orders. It also makes it an offence for any person to impersonate an Inspector of the Board of Industrial Relations. " Fire Department Hours of Work Act."—-This Act was amended to grant firemen in any municipality where there is a paid fire department two full days of twenty-four hours each in each week off duty. " Trade-schools Regulation Act."—This is new legislation having for its purpose Provincial regulation of all trade-schools. Its principal objects being:— (1.) To prevent the exploitation of students. (2.) To assure that all trade-schools have a proper course of study. (3.) To prevent alleged trade-schools from competing unfairly with properly equipped and bona-fide establishments. (4.) To require trade-schools to keep proper records of all their transactions. (5.) The Act comes into operation January 1st, 1937. " Factories Act."—Where an employer is found guilty of employing women and girls under conditions whereby their health is endangered the penalty is increased. Boxing Day has been deleted as a holiday under the " Factories Act," also a factory has been given the option of closing either on Good Friday or Easter Monday; prior to this amendment it was compulsory to close on both days. Strict provisions known as Part II. deal with home-work in an endeavour to regulate factory-work being done in private homes. Any employer who gives out home-work must obtain a licence from the Factory Inspector. The home-worker must also secure a permit. " Barbers Act."—This Act was amended to bring barber-schools in conformity with the " Trade-schools Regulation Aot." The Board of Examiners have been increased by a fourth member appointed by the Minister of Labour, to eliminate criticism arising regarding examinations and the granting of certificates. " Hairdressers Act."—This Act was amended, bringing " schools " in conformity with the " Trade-schools Regulation Act." The Board of Examiners have been increased by a fourth member, appointed by the Minister of Labour, to eliminate criticism arising regarding examinations and the granting of certificates. The cost of examinations has been reduced where partial examination or examination in certain subjects is taken. "Workmen's Compensation Act."—This Act has been amended, bringing silicosis and infected blisters within its scope. 5 T 66 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. " Metalliferous Mines Regulation Act."—This Act was amended to conform to the change in the " Workmen's Compensation Act." It is also amended that (except as permitted by the " Workmen's Compensation Act") a workman whose employment takes him into a mine, or into any ore-crushing or rock-crushing operation of any mine, except where the ore or rock is crushed in water or a chemical solution, and is kept constantly in a moistened or wet condition, shall be examined by a physician at the expense of the employer at least once in every twelve months. REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1936. T 67 LABOUR DISPUTES AND CONCILIATION. The year 1936 was one of comparative peace; sixteen disputes took place, affecting 5,741 employees, resulting in 75,311 working-days being lost. During the year many employers increased the wage-rates after consultation with their workmen, and we are happy to record that, on the whole, relations between employers and employees have been of a cordial and helpful nature. The question of organization is one of great importance. The more progressive employers do not appear to be adverse to dealing with a regularly constituted organization of workers, and it is sincerely hoped that both employer and employee will approach any differences in that spirit of mutual helpfulness which has been in evidence during 1936. There is no dispute which cannot be settled to the satisfaction of both parties, if only a reasonable attitude is adopted in the early stages. The officials of the Department are at all times ready in the cause of industrial peace to assist in so far as statutory powers will allow. Most serious of the 1936 strikes was that of salmon-fishermen in the Rivers Inlet area, resulting in a loss of 40,000 working-days by 2,500 fishermen, followed by the strike of lumber- workers in the Vancouver Island and Coast District, which affected 2,000 men, with a loss of 20,000 working-days. The other disputes did not assume the proportions of those above mentioned. The following table shows the record for the past five years:— Year. No. of Strikes. Employees affected. Time lost in Working-days. 1931 11 11 14 17 23 16 2,322 4,136 2,397 4,427 7,321 5,741 79,310 37,740 25.760 73,977 140,706 75,311 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 - GOLD-MINERS, CAMBORNE. A strike of gold-miners at Camborne occurred on January 8th, 1936, when some twenty- four men ceased work against a reduction from the prevailing scale of $4 to $4.50 per day of eight hours to $3.50 to $4. After being out one day and unsuccessful in securing their demands, most of the workers resumed work on January 10th, the remainder being replaced. Favourable to the employer. SHINGLE-MILL WORKERS, PORT MOODY. On January 15th a strike occurred involving shingle-weavers and packers employed at a shingle-mill at Port Moody, the dispute arising over the discharge of a Union worker, discrimination, and a 10-per-cent. reduction in the Union wage scale. Following a period of ten days, during which negotiations were carried on between both parties, an agreement was signed, reinstating the Union workers, and a compromise was reached regarding wages, the reductions being modified, and work resumed on January 28th at the reduced scale. RESTAURANT EMPLOYEES, VANCOUVER. Seven waiters in one cafe in Vancouver went out on strike on February 18th, demanding an increase in wages to meet the Union scale, and back pay. The management was approached by the workers requesting a $2 per week increase in wages. On the refusal of this request the staff of seven men ceased work and all wages were paid up to the time of the strike. The restaurant continued to operate, the strikers being replaced by new workers commencing at the previous rate of wages with no change in conditions. Favourable to employer. LOGGERS, COWICHAN LAKE. Employees in one camp of a lumber company ceased work on March 10th in protest against the discharge of two workers, alleged to be for Union activity. Picketing was carried on at the logging camp and at localities where the employer might be securing new employees. T 68 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. On March 20th employees in another camp of the same company ceased work in sympathy. The strikers were members of the Lumber Workers' Industrial Union, but this Union has been transferring its membership to the Lumber and Sawmill Workers' locals of the United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of America, in accordance with the policy adopted by the Workers' Unity League in 19'3i5 and applied by the various central bodies and local unions affiliated with it. On May 26th the strike was terminated. LOGGERS, SAWMILL AND SHINGLE-MILL WORKERS, VANCOUVER ISLAND AND COAST DISTRICT. Employees in a number of logging camps and in sawmills, shingle-mills, etc., ceased work on May 4th, demanding recognition of the locals of the United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of America which had been formed by the transfer of members from the Lumber Workers' Industrial Union. This was done in accordance with the policy adopted in 1935 by the Workers' Unity League—namely, the transfer of the membership of its various organizations to the International Unions. The Union scale of wages in the State of Washington and Oregon was also demanded, this involving increases of $1.50 per day and upward, or about 20 per cent. The reinstatement of the two Union members discharged at Cowichan Lake was also demanded by some of the strikers. The employers had been granting increases of about 10 per cent, before these demands were made and this continued while the dispute was in progress, so that work was resumed in many of the camps and mills between May 11th and May 18th. On May 26th the strike was called off and work was resumed generally on May 28th. Many of the employers reported that their employees were not on strike, but owing to the interference of pickets the camps and mills were closed for an interval. SALMON-FISHERMEN, UPPER FRASER RIVER. Commencing on May 26th, a strike involving some seventy salmon-fishermen on the Upper Fraser River occurred, the fishermen demanding 1 cent a pound increase in the price paid for salmon, or 7 cents per pound, the rate paid on the lower part of the river, instead of 6 cents. Owing to flood conditions preventing fishing and the fresh-fish market being supplied by shipments from the Coast, employment conditions were no longer affected by June 3rd. Following lower-water conditions on the river, fishing was resumed, with no change in conditions. (Indefinite.) SALMON-FISHERMEN, LOWER FRASER RIVER. In sympathy with the fishermen's strike of May 26th on the Upper Fraser River, a further dispute occurred on June 3rd among fishermen on the Lower Fraser River. This strike was similarly affected by flood conditions and the receipt of supplies for the market from the Coast, so that by June 3rd employment conditions were no longer affected, and by June 10th, the flood conditions having abated, some men resumed work. (Indefinite.) LABOURERS (EXTRA GANG), TERRACE. A number of men in extra gangs engaged in track-maintenance work near Terrace ceased work on June 24th, demanding an increase in wages from 25 cents per hour, the extra gang rate, to 40 cents, the sectionmen's rate, and improved camp conditions. Following negotiations, work was resumed on June 25th, the officials agreeing to improve camp conditions, the same wage-rates prevailing. Favourable to workers. SALMON-FISHERMEN, RIVERS INLET, ETC. A number of fishermen at Rivers Inlet (approximately 1,400) ceased work on July 5th, demanding an increase in the minimum price of fish from 40 cents each to 50 cents. An agreement as to the scale of prices for the season had not been reached before the season opened and the cannery-owners issued a scale. The Provincial Minister of Labour and Commissioner of Fisheries proposed that the dispute be referred to arbitration under the " Fisheries Act," so that fishing might proceed in the meantime, but the fishermen's committee insisted on collective bargaining with the cannery operators. Meetings were held on July 14th and July REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1936. T 69 15th and they offered to accept 46 cents per fish, but the operators preferred to have arbitration. Numbers of fishermen in neighbouring districts also ceased work later, in some cases resuming work in a short time. At Alert Bay 315 fishermen were out from July 5th to July 15th. At Smith Inlet 370 went out on July 12th and small numbers were reported to be out for short periods at Butedale and Prince Rupert. Several canneries were closed, fish not being available, and about 1,000 employees were thus indirectly involved in the dispute. On July 22!nd and July 23rd about 100 fishermen resumed work under police protection at Rivers Inlet. Other fishermen left for southern districts, where the fishing season was opening. By the end of the month, the sockeye run in the district being over, the dispute lapsed. (Indefinite.) GOLD-MINERS, ATLIN. On July 17th some fifty gold^miners employed by a mining company at Atlin went out on strike, demanding an increase in wages. The prevailing rate at the time of the dispute was $7 per day, the strikers demanding this be increased to $8.25 per day for shaft-work. Following an interval of some twenty days, the workers returned to their work on August 10th under the previous rates, no changes being effected. In favour of employer. RAILWAY-CONSTRUCTION WORKERS, MIDWAY. A group of employees of one contracting firm (approximately thirty in number) engaged in demolition of a railway-line at Midway went out on strike on August 10th, demanding shorter hours and an increase in the scale of wages paid. The workers reported they were working long hours, and asked an eight-hour day on the job, with an increase from 40 to 50' cents per hour wages, and improvements in the board supplied. Following arbitration between a representative of the Department of Labour on behalf of the workers and officials of the Company involved, a satisfactory agreement was reached, the demands of the workers being granted, and the men resuming work on August 17th under the new agreement. In favour of the workers. RESTAURANT EMPLOYEES, VANCOUVER. A number of the employees in one restaurant ceased work on August 29th, demanding increases in wages and reduced hours. The employees were members of the Hotel and Restaurant Employees' International Alliance, Local 28 (Cooks and Waiters), and thirty-four other employees were reported to be indirectly involved. Following negotiations, a Union agreement was signed providing Union conditions, and resulting in wage increases of $2 to $4 per-week and a forty-eight-hour week, the dispute terminating on September 5th, 1936. In favour of the workers. BAKERY EMPLOYEES, DRIVERS, ETC., VANCOUVER. Drivers employed at one bakery establishment ceased work on September 19th, their demand for a Union agreement not having been complied with. The drivers were paid $15 per week plus a commission on sales. The agreement in force in one large establishment provides for a minimum rate of $23 per week. The Union claimed that it had presented the agreement to the employer in July, but the management stated that the employees had not made any complaints prior to the strike. It is reported that bakers, etc., also sought Union rates, but it is not clear that any of them ceased work, but several appear to have become involved indirectly. At the end of the month a settlement had not been reached. The Deputy Minister of Labour for British Columbia had met representatives of the parties involved on October 1st, but the Union refused to accept proposals of the employer that work should be resumed for thirty days pending a settlement or that the employer would recognize a Union of its own employees. The employer stated that the Union demands could not be accepted until approval was secured from the head office of the Company. The Union offered to refer the dispute to arbitration. The agreement as finally reached is reported to provide that the new conditions shall not go into effect for thirty days and also that bakers in the establishment will receive Union wages. (Favourable to workers.) 6 T 70 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. SEAMEN, VANCOUVER. A minor dispute, involving six members of the crew of one ship at Vancouver, occurred on October 21st, 1936. The men refused to sign on when the ship was preparing to resume service, requesting the dismissal of four workers who were not members of the Seafarers' Industrial Union. This request was refused, the strikers being replaced next day, and the ship went on its voyage. (In favour of employers.) LONGSHOREMEN, VANCOUVER, VICTORIA, ETC. Members of the locals of the International Longshoremen's Association at Vancouver, Victoria, and New Westminster declared a strike on November 23rd in sympathy with the strike of water-transportation workers on the Pacific Coast in the United States. The members of these Unions had been employed to some extent on work for coastal shipping since the strike which terminated in December, 1935, but had very little work on ocean-going ships, as this was done since the strike by members of independent Unions which have agreements with the Shipping Federation of British Columbia. The Unions involved in the strike of 1935 had been affiliated with the Longshoremen and Water Transport Workers of Canada and to a great extent ceased to exist after the strike, but the Coastwise Longshoremen's Union at Vancouver and those at Victoria and New Westminster later became locals of the International Longshoremen's Association. From time to time the members of these Unions have attempted to obtain a greater proportion of the work in the ports and have been supported by the crews of United States ships, these on some occasions having refused to work the ship if loaded or unloaded by members of other Unions. In some cases cargoes were not handled and in other cases compromises were reached. In the present strike the members of these Unions are demanding jurisdiction over all longshore-work in the ports and have been picketing the docks. Large quantities of cargoes to and from United States ports, carried by the railways, have been handled at British Columbia ports owing to the strike in the United States. The shipping companies have, therefore, been employing about 1,400 longshoremen, almost twice the normal force. Some time ago the coastal shipping employers joined the Shipping Federation and notified the longshoremen to join the Unions with which the Federation had agreements. Some of them did so and are not involved in the present dispute. The strike was finally called off. MEAT-PACKING WORKERS, VANCOUVER. A number of employees in one establishment (202 out of 280) ceased work on December 29th, against the dismissal of eighteen workers, including officers of the Meat Cutters' Union, organized some months previously. The management stated that the men were dismissed partly owing to slackening of trade and partly for inefficiency. At the request of the officers of the Trades and Labour Council, the Provincial Deputy Minister of Labour and the Western Representative of the Department of Labour interviewed the manager, who expressed willingness to meet a committee of the strikers, but not if it included any of the men dismissed or the Union officers, as it was not the policy of the Company to recognize Unions. The strikers insisted on the inclusion of two of the men dismissed. Mediation by the Provincial Deputy Minister of Labour and the Western Representative of the Department of Labour not having resulted in a settlement, the Provincial Minister of Labour arranged a meeting of the representatives of both parties with the officials on January 19th. The management refused to reinstate the men dismissed or to recognize the Meat Cutters' and Packing House Employees' Federal Union, No. 95, affiliated with the Trades and Labour Congress of Canada. Proposals were made for the reference of the dispute to a Board under the " Industrial Disputes Investigation Act" or to an investigation under the " Public Inquiries Act " of British Columbia. On February 23rd the Government of British Columbia appointed Mr. Justice J. C. Mcintosh a Commissioner under the " Public Inquiries Act" to inquire into the dismissal of employees, to report on the effect of the strike, and to endeavour to bring about a settlement. The inquiry under the " Public Inquiries Act" began on March 17th and evidence was taken until March 30th, when the inquiry was adjourned pending negotiations for a settlement. Evidence had been given as to the dismissal of twenty-five workers in December, 1936, claimed by the Union to be for Union activity, following which over 150 of the remaining employees ceased work on December 29th. REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1936. T 71 The report of His Honour Judge Macintosh to the Administrator follows:— To His Honour the Administrator of the Province of British Columbia. May it please your Honour : By virtue of the Commission issued to me under the Great Seal of the Province to hold an inquiry, under the provisions of the " Public Inquiries Act," into the causes leading up to the labour dispute between Burns & Company, Limited, and its employees; into the question of what efforts have been made towards settlement of the said dispute; into all matters incident to the foregoing; and to report in writing as soon as conveniently may be after concluding such inquiry, and to include recommendations as to settlement of the dispute in a fair and amicable manner; and such inquiry having been held, no objection having been taken by either party to its jurisdiction or the right to pass upon and adjust the present differences between the parties, it is expedient and in the public interest, because of the serious and emergent situation which exists, that immediate effect be given thereto by the instant making and public release of such report and recommendations, which procedure you have graciously approved, and with the consent of the Honourable George S. Pearson, Minister of Labour, the following is submitted:— The situation disclosed is unusual in labour disputes in Canada. No question of wage scale, hours of work, or working conditions has arisen or is involved, as all such conditions were and are satisfactory to those affected, but consisted wholly of the activities of the newly formed Labour Union to which the majority of the employees belonged and the retaliatory action of the employing Company's manager in relation thereto. Much valuable data was supplied relating to the operations of the Company here, the uninterrupted continuity of which is so important to the community, the difficulties which beset those operations, and the contemplated plans for pensions and improved working and social conditions, but such recitals are unnecessary in deciding the main issue as they are merely corollary thereto. It is also considered unnecessary to set forth in detail all the happenings which have taken place, as many were unfortunate and ill-advised, and their repetition would only tend to disrupt the avowed desire of both parties to reach a satisfactory conclusion of their differences, aided by the conduct of the employees during a very trying period, which has, generally speaking, been admirable. Several indecisive conferences of an authorized committee of the employees and the management of the Company, at the request of your Commissioner, have been held during the inquiry without reaching a satisfactory conclusion. Therefore the real issue only will be dealt with, and the resulting conclusions and recommendations stated. In April, 1936, a number of the plant employees considered it desirable and in the interest of all to form a Trades Union, and in due course a charter was granted to them by the Trades and Labour Congress of Canada, as Meat Cutters' and Packing House Employees' Union, Federal Local 95, and a constitution was adopted which contained no power for the extension of membership to others than craftsmen. This Union was formed with the sole purpose of advancing and protecting the interests of the Company's plant employees and meat-cutters generally in Vancouver and vicinity, and to improve the conditions of the workers, and with no ulterior motive. As is usual in such cases, a business agent was appointed in the person, unfortunately as it developed, of one confessedly and wholly without experience in trade-union practices, and whose activities outran his discretion and authority as to the Union's true objectives. He received from some unknown source the unfortunate and mistaken idea of recruiting owners of retail butcher-shops, being employers of labour, in addition to those workmen properly eligible as trade- unionists, to extend the membership and to increase his remuneration, and with the object of increasing the force of the Union by adding such retailers as members of a section of it, which is foreign to regular trade-union practice in the type of employment here involved. This mistake was later recognized and rectified by the formation of a separate and distinct organization by the retail butchers concerned. His activities in this direction were unknown to many members of the Union, but must have been known to the members of the executive. This repugnant affiliation had serious repercussions in the broken relationships of the Company and its customers, and was later greatly detrimental to its business operations. The activities of the business agent, the wearing of Union buttons by certain employees of the Company while at work, and the general activities of the Union, so disturbed the manager (only recently appointed and not fully conversant with local conditions and the personnel of the plant) that in November he had the employees of several departments in the plant brought before him in groups and as individuals, and informed them (among many other things) that they must discontinue their Union activities or be penalized in the manner described by reliable witnesses; that he would not allow Union activities to interfere with or be projected into the business of the Company. No complaint was made by the manager of the service rendered by the employees, and an increase in pay was promised and later put into effect. He also informed the employees that they should seek to deal with the Company in matters of mutual concern only through the medium of a plant or Company Union with no outside affiliations, this being the method adopted by most packing plants of consequence in Canada and the United States, of bargaining between the employees and employer, functioning in many cases side by side with a local Union in such plants. On December 29th, 1936, on instructions of the manager, nineteen employees of the Company were discharged, all being members of the Union, and including all members of the Union's executive and its officials, without assigning any legitimate reason or excuse for such action, although most of these employees had been long with the Company and the previous service of most of them satisfactory. These men thus reasonably assumed that they had been dismissed for their Union activities and not for unsatisfactory service. The executive of the Union thereupon, acting upon the authority vested in them by a resolution of the Union previously passed in general meeting, declared a strike of the employees of the Company, which action was confirmed the following day by a secret ballot of the members at a general meeting with only three dissenting votes, and was further considered and confirmed on January 12th, 1937. Two major mistakes were thus made by the two representatives of the parties, that of the business agent of the Union and that of the manager of the Company, which precipitated the present crisis. The provocation of the Union in bringing in as a section of the Union the retail butchers, many of whom were customers of the Company, was followed by the retaliatory discharge by the Company of the nineteen employees without (although not legally necessary) assigning a proper and legitimate reason for such drastic action. The intermingling of those nine employees against whom cause could be assigned, and those ten against whom no cause could be assigned except T 72 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. their activities as executives' of their Union, left only one implication. The manager must have known and anticipated that his action would culminate in a walk-out of the employees, being members of the Union. Both mistakes were grave errors of judgment, made without proper deliberation and thought as to the results. Both parties were equally culpable in the making of them and both are equally responsible for the strike which ensued. The result has been far-reaching in its effects, and the community in general as well as the Company have suffered from the disruption of normal business relations, and the employees have suffered from the consequent misery and privation of themselves and their families, all established citizens of the community and not transient labour. This unfortunate condition would never have arisen if just consideration had been given to the rights of each by reasonable and deliberate discussion at the proper time. Settlement could have been had if the mediation offered by Government labour officials had been accepted, or by a Conciliation Board established under the prescribed conditions of the Department of Labour of Canada, The unnecessary loss of business by one and the unnecessary loss of employment by the others has happily brought forth the bona-fide desire of the parties to effect a fair and reasonable settlement. Both are agreed in principle that the present condition is untenable and should be ended. This can only be accomplished by the agreed return of the employees to their regular employment with the Company, and difficulty in reaching such a desired conclusion lies only in the detail to be worked out and followed. This detail is the manner of return, in what numbers, and the time for re-employment of the employees affected. There is also the question of the dismissal and disposal of the nineteen employees, members of the Union, and of its- executive, seemingly dismissed for their Union activities, nine of whom, however, it is found, were discharged in fact for services unsatisfactory to the Company. The situation is complicated by the fact of a number of employees, not members of the Union, continuing in their employment, the taking-on by the Company of new employees in the place of those who left, and the lapse of time since the strike occurred, all making for some difficulty of adjustment. As is usual in such cases, the men taken on for the duration of the strike will probably leave of their own accord on settlement being made. No agreement having been arrived at by the parties, it has devolved upon your Commissioner to supply a plan of settlement which is possible of application, workable, and effective within a reasonable time. It is submitted as a reasonable plan for the reinstating in employment of the 131 employees affected, apart from the nine mentioned, that the Company shall re-employ 50 of these former employees in April, 1937 ; 4l in May, 1937 ; and the remainder, being 40, in June, 1937, accelerating the numbers if the opportunity offers, at the scale of wages and working conditions now existing, with the following provisoes:— (a.) The selection of such employees shall be by some arrangement agreeable to the parties, married men in any event to be first selected when possible. (b.) Upon this settlement being made effective, the Union shall immediately return the products of the Company to the fair list. (c.) There shall be no discrimination on the part of the Company towards returning employees because of their former Union activities. (d.) The employees shall have the right to belong to any organization or association of their own choosing, and the Company shall recognize a committee elected by all of its employees to represent them in their dealings with the Company's management. (c.) The nine employees objected to by the Company for cause shall have the privilege of appearing before the management of the Company and being heard. It is considered advisable that the President and General Manager of the Company, Mr. John Burns, or his personal representative, meet the committee of the Union which had been appointed during the negotiations, at the earliest possible date to implement these recommendations. The services of your Commissioner (if required) to be at all times available. It is not submitted, but suggested for obvious reasons, having regard to the future harmony of all concerned, that both the business agent of the Union and the manager of the Company be transplanted by their respective employers to other fields of endeavour. It is to be expected that the lessons of the past will so heavily weigh upon the minds of everyone concerned that future disturbances will be carefully avoided by the use of conciliatory methods. Effective machinery should be provided by the Legislature of the Province for the amelioration of industrial disputes, as the subsisting legislation is sadly inadequate. A pleasing- and satisfactory factor apparent throughout the proceedings was the consistently pacific attitude of Mr. John Burns, President and General Manager of the Company, who reached far in friendly advances toward settlement, reminiscent of the late lamented Senator Burns, whose just and generous treatment of his employees is still a living memory. Due recognition is given to the efforts of the Department of Labour of British Columbia through its Minister, Honourable George S. Pearson; its Deputy Minister, Mr. Adam Bell; and the Department of Labour of Canada through its Western Representative, Mr. F. E. Harrison, to end this complicated dispute. My personal thanks are due to C. H. Locke, Esquire, K.C., of counsel for the Company, and to W. W. Lefeaux, Esquire, of counsel for the Union, for their unfailing courtesy and their fair and reasonable presentation of the claims of their respective clients, which has proved invaluable. All of which is respectfully submitted. I have the honour to be, Sir, Your obedient servant, (Signed) J. C. McIntosh, Commissioner. On May 26th the Union called the strike off, when the Company took back six females and nineteen males who had been on strike and agreed to re-employ others as soon as business returned to normal, the Union agreeing to cease interfering with the Company's business and to do all in their power to regain the business lost through the strike. REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 193G. T 73 SUMMARY OF LABOUR DISPUTES, 1936. No. of Time lost Industry or Occupation. Particulars. Employees affected. in Working, days. Gold-miners, Camborne __ _ Commenced January 8th, against decrease in wages. Workers replaced, strike terminating January 10th. Unsuccessful 24 24 Shingle-mill workers, Port Moody Commenced January 15th, against discharge of Union workers and reduction in wages. Terminated January 28th, with compromise: Reduction modified; workers re-employed 26 200 Restaurant employees, Vancouver... Commenced February 18th, demanding increased wages. Workers replaced; no change in conditions. Terminated February 20th. Favourable to employer 7 14 Commenced March 10th, against discharge of workers, 140 4,000 allegedly for Union activity. Terminated May 26th. Camp closed. Indefinite Loggers Cowichan Lake Commenced March 20th, in sympathy with strike of 120 6,500 March 10th. Negotiations and return of workers. Terminated May 28th. Favourable to employer Loggers, Sawmill and Shingle- Commenced May 4th, for Union recognition and in 2,000 20,000 workers, Vancouver Island and creased wages. Return of workers, strike terminat Coast District ing May 28th in favour of employer. Some wage increases made Salmon-fishermen, Upper Fraser Commenced May 26th, for increase in price per fish. 70 450 River Strike lapsed owing to flood conditions. Work resumed June 3rd. Indefinite Salmon-fishermen, Lower Fraser Commenced June 1st, in sympathy with strike on 270 500 River Upper Fraser. Lapsed owing to flood conditions. Situation no longer affected by June 3rd. Indefinite Labourers (extra gang), Terrace— Commenced June 24th, for improved camp conditions and increase in wages. Terminated June 25th, with improvement in camp conditions. No increase in wages. In favour of workers 50 50 Salmon-fishermen, Rivers Inlet Commenced July 5th, demanding an increase in the price per fish. Strike lapsed at close of season. Work resumed July 31st. Indefinite 2,500 40,000 Gold-miners, Atlin ■ Commenced July 17th, for increase in wages. Return 50 700 of workers under previous rates. No change effected. Terminated August 10th in favour of employer Railway- construction workers, Commenced August 10th, for shorter hours and in 30 210 Midway crease in wages and conditions. Terminated August 17th. Wage increase granted. Favourable to workers. Restaurant employees, Vancouver- Commenced August 29th, to secure Union recognition with an increase in wages with reduced hours. Terminated September 5th in favour of the employees ; a Union agreement being signed and wage increase granted, with 48-hour week observed 14 63 Bakery employees, drivers, etc., Commenced September 19th, for Union wages and 38 1,200 Vancouver working conditions. Following negotiations and conciliation, with intercession by representatives of the Provincial Department of Labour, a Union agreement was signed and work resumed October 29th. Favourable to the workers Longshoremen, Vancouver, Vic Commenced November 23rd, in sympathy with the 200 2,000 toria, etc. strike of water-transportation workers on the Pacific Coast in the United States, the workers demanding Union recognition. Unterminated at the end of year Meat-packing employees, Vancou Commenced December 30th, against alleged dismissal 202 400 ver of workers for Union activities. Unterminated at end of year Totala 5,741 75,311 T 74 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. INSPECTION OF FACTORIES. Vancouver, B.C., July 15th, 1937. Adam Bell, Esq., Deputy Minister of Labour, Parliament Buildings, Victoria, B.C. Sir,—I herewith submit the annual report of the Factories Inspection Branch for the year 1936. During the year under review, almost without exception all lines of industry experienced an increased demand for manufactured goods. In order to meet this demand some factories operated two eight-hour shifts, and a number of factories which had during the depression moved into smaller rented premises found it necessary to acquire more room in their present location or move to larger quarters because of improved industrial conditions. In the majority of cases this procedure was followed voluntarily by the employer. We had to prohibit suggested structural additions in a number of instances, which, if introduced, would have resulted in overcrowding and unhealthy working conditions. Continued industrial improvement throughout all portions of the Province changed the view-point of a great many employers and employees who not so long ago could see little hope for the future. INSPECTIONS. During the year 1936, 1,840 inspections and reinspections of factories were made. ACCIDENT-PREVENTION. One of the most encouraging features noted throughout the turmoil and complexity of conditions during the past few years was that at no time was the need or importance of accident-prevention questioned. The successful elimination or minimizing of industrial accidents depends very largely on whether or not the employer has the right attitude and accepts his responsibility; he must do his part in a visible way by eliminating practical hazards through the installation of safeguards and safety appliances, and insist on safety being at all times a necessary part of the process of production. If the employer does not accept responsibility for the safety and welfare of his employee (and I regret to state that not all do), it is our responsibility to see that the factory in which he is employed is a safe place in which to earn a livelihood. As an example of the failure on the part of an employer to realize his responsibility in this connection, we give the following:—■ While making an inspection of a factory we found a motor-driven machine being operated at such an excessive speed that it was a constant source of danger to the operator and other employees of the factory. Following our placing a notice on this machine suspending its operation until such time as the speed would be reduced to permit safe operation, the owner, resenting the fact that production had been retarded, discharged the machine operator, telling him he had done so because he had given information to the Inspector regarding same. As such a statement was not in accordance with the facts, we were instrumental in having the operator resume his employment with the company the following day. Comment was made in a previous report regarding the responsibility of management, superintendent, and foreman in instructing the young entrant to factory-life of the dangers of industrial occupations; such instruction, widely applied, affords the best hope of producing a new generation of workers that will avoid dangerous practices as a matter of course due to the result of early training. Severe accidents due to the absence or removal of safeguards required by law are always particularly regrettable, and never more so than when the victims are young workers who may be needlessly handicapped at the outset of their career by permanent injuries. One of the most distressing accidents investigated during the year, for which the superintendent of the plant must bear a large share of responsibility, occurred to a boy 18 years of age while operating a rip-saw from which the guard had been removed—he losing four fingers of the left hand as a result. While injured would not admit he had removed the guard, it was an admitted fact the saw was being operated unprotected for some considerable time and should have been noted by the superintendent in charge. Furthermore, the REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1936. T 75 type of work being performed could have been done more safely and expeditiously on a resaw. This fact was admitted by the superintendent in charge, and he informed us that a resaw had been purchased since the accident. The fact that we have less accidents to investigate each succeeding year should be conclusive proof that the majority of employers realize " prevention is a benefaction, compensation an apology." PROSECUTIONS. Four proprietors of Oriental laundries were each fined $50 and costs upon being convicted of operating their laundries on a statutory holiday. A proprietor of a furrier's workshop was fined $15 for working female employees excessive hours. The proprietor of a peanut-butter factory was fined $25 and costs for working female employees excessive hours. The managers of two confectionery-factories were each fined $50 and costs for working their employees on a Sunday. CHILD-LABOUR. The proprietor of a wood-working plant was prosecuted for employing a boy under 15 years of age. Upon a conviction being secured, the Magistrate imposed a fine of $2.50 and costs. We are paying tribute to the owners and managers of factories when we state that this is the first instance of employment of child-labour to come before the Courts of British Columbia. OVERTIME PERMITS. During recent years, when competition was so exceptionally keen for the business offered, factories eager to procure this business were inclined to make commitments for delivery of manufactured articles which quite frequently could not be fulfilled without making application for an overtime permit. In every case these requests were thoroughly investigated, in order to determine as far as possible whether or not the firm making the request for an overtime permit had secured the business at the expense of a competitor who had submitted a tender which would permit of delivery without resorting to overtime. It would be much more satisfactory to all concerned if it were more fully realized by manufacturer, wholesaler, and retailer that demands made and service given during the depression years are not applicable to the present day. In 1933 forty-seven overtime permits limiting the hours to nine in the day and fifty-four in the week were issued, as authorized under section 14 of the Act. HOLIDAY PERMITS. Permits granting permission to operate factories on certain specified statutory holidays numbered 592 in 1936, 274 of which were issued for the King's Birthday, June 23rd, 1936. Also fifteen were issued in December, 1936, for New Year's Day, January 1st, 1937. Each application (written) for permit stated therein reason for making request. FACTORY CONDITIONS. Ventilation and the removal of dust-fumes and harmful vapours in factories to the satisfaction of all concerned are problems which at times are hard to solve. In some instances the dusty processes can be segregated, exhaust systems installed, and the dust removed at its point of origin; this also applies to the removal of fumes and harmful vapours. The value of this removal as a preventive of industrial diseases can hardly be questioned. When this equipment has been installed for the protection of the worker, it is hard to understand why he at times renders the whole system ineffective by removing the hoods or other appliances forming part of the suction system. While it is realized that operations being carried on in some plants are of such a diversified nature dust-removal appliances must be temporarily removed, it is only reasonable to expect their replacement as soon as the nature of the operation will permit. While dust can he effectively removed from the work-room, once it is stored away in the lungs there is not much that can be done about it. Proper and adequate lighting in industry increases production efficiency and decreases hazardous accidents, and also has a great deal to do with the health and comfort of the worker. Frequently we inspect factories in which the best of tools and equipment are installed, but T 76 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. find the management has failed to consider the importance of the eyes of the worker and the handicap of poor lighting. We have in mind a particular plant in which the entire lighting system was rearranged because it was found the employees were being subjected to excessive glare. The provision of adequate sanitary conveniences for male and female factory employees always receives our attention. Deplorable conditions which will not permit of details in a report of this nature are sometimes found to exist because a class of employer and employee does not seem to have the slightest conception of industrial hygiene. AMENDMENTS. At the fall session of the Legislature several important amendments were made to the " Factories Act." Clauses (2) and (3) of section 4 were struck out and clarifying clauses substituted; these deal with working conditions in laundries. While a substantial fine has always been imposed upon a conviction being secured for an infraction of section 12, a Magistrate before whom an employer was convicted for working his female employees 14 % hours a day disposed of the case by imposing a nominal fine. In order that the penalty to be imposed should not in future be left entirely to the discretion of the convicting Magistrate, section 11, which prescribed the penalty, was so amended that upon conviction being secured a fine of not less than $50 and costs must be imposed. Section -63 was repealed and clauses (1) and (2) now more clearly define the statutory holidays to be observed throughout the year. HOME-WORK. Recognizing the introduction of industrial home-work in the Province as an industrial and social evil, the 1936 second session of the Legislature passed a very important amendment to the " Factories Act," making it a statutory requirement for every employer who in his trade or business in personal or household articles gives out any work to be performed in the home, to first obtain a permit from this Department. And, further, this work when given out can only be performed by home-workers in possession of a permit issued by this Department. Following the passing of this amendment letters were, mailed to all firms manufacturing personal or household articles, requesting the names and addresses of all persons performing work in the home; replies received and investigations made revealed that home-work of considerable magnitude was being performed almost exclusively by Japanese women. Owing to the irregularity of the work, it was impossible to obtain information regarding hours worked from the home-workers visited, as it was stated that household duties were included in the day's work. We were, however, successful in a number of instances, where a time record was kept and the piece-work rate set, in establishing the fact home-workers were being paid as low as 27 cents for an eight-hour working-day. One of the outstanding facts brought out during the investigation was that the small remuneration received by home- workers was not the only source of income, as in most instances the husbands were employed in some line of industry. Our survey has proven there is no justification for such a large volume of work being performed in homes, and we have, without exception, refused to grant Japanese applicants either an employer's or home-worker's permit authorizing work to be given out or performed in the home, as we are of the opinion this should be carried out in factories where it can be regulated in accordance with the statutory requirements relating to the industry. This policy has resulted in home-work being discontinued, and contractors that previously had the work performed in homes have requested us to inspect several proposed factory premises previous to leases being taken and power-driven machinery installed. ELEVATORS. The " Factories Act" being entitled an " Act for the Protection of Persons employed in Factories," the titular expression would indicate that its provisions extend only to persons employed in and around factories. I do not think the public generally realize that certain sections are embodied therein delegating to the Department of Labour through the Factory Inspection Department the responsibility of subjecting all passenger-elevator equipment to a very rigid inspection, in order to safeguard the thousands using this form of conveyance daily. REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1936. T 77 While passenger-elevators are operated by licensed operators required to first pass a written examination as to their competency, the manner of performing certain operations in connection with their operation depends to a large extent upon the human element, such as to closing the hoistway doors and car-gate before the car is started and vice versa, or attempting to level the car after the doors are opened. These unsafe practices have over a period of years proven a prolific cause of persons receiving major and fatal injuries. In order to prevent accidents attributable to these causes, mechanical devices in the form of interlocking equipment are now being installed on the hoistway doors and car-gate of passenger-elevators and the hoistway doors or gates of freight-elevators, in compliance with rules and regulations issued under Order in Council February 4th, 1935. I am pleased to report that no fatal or major accidents occurred to any person while being transported on passenger or freight elevators during the year under review. This record has been achieved largely because a great many of the hoistway doors and gates of the older elevator installations have had interlocking equipment installed as required by the " regulations." In order that this record be maintained, all elevators still requiring this equipment should have same installed before the amended expiry date, which is February 28th, 1938. ELEVATOR OPERATORS' LICENCES. In 1936, 812 operators' licences were renewed and 227 temporary and 204 permanent licences issued. NEW ELEVATOR INSTALLATIONS. The following number of plans and specifications relating to installation of modern elevator equipment were approved: Six freight-elevators, seven passenger-elevators, and one power dumb-waiter. ELEVATOR INSPECTIONS. During the year 1936, 1,121 passenger and freight elevators were inspected. CONCLUSION. We wish to take this opportunity of thanking all officials and employees connected with industry for their co-operation with us during the year. Respectfully submitted. H. Douglas, Factories Inspector. T 78 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. EMPLOYMENT SERVICE. General Superintendent _ . - .Jas. H. McVety. B.C. Workmen's Compensation and Labour Offices, corner Homer and , Dunsmuir Streets, Vancouver. Branch Offices. Vancouver, cor. Homer and Dunsmuir Streets 1 _ -._.....,. . . - ,. ,--- , -. ,. TT . ^- . _,, !- Jas. Mitchell, Superintendent. Vancouver (Women s Branch), cor. Homer and Dunsmuir Streets — { Victoria, Langley and Broughton Streets ) _,_ _ _. ,,. . . ,__, , _. , . _. . . _ -^ )■ W. G. Stone, Superintendent. Victoria (Women s Branch), Langley and Broughton Streets \ New Westminster _ Robt. MacDonald, Superintendent. Nanaimo J. T. Carrigan, Superintendent. Kamloops _ _ _ J. H. How, Superintendent. Penticton _ A. Coy, Superintendent. Nelson __ ..J. M. Dronsfield, Superintendent. Prince Rupert _ J. M. Campbell, Superintendent. Handicap Section. f G. S. Bell, Clerk. Vancouver, cor. Homer and Dunsmuir Streets J R. L. Mavius, Clerk. [ H. Parry, Clerk. Victoria, Langley and Broughton Streets l W. A. Turner, Clerk. The following report is submitted by the General Superintendent of the Employment Service:—■ This is the Eighteenth Annual Report of the British Columbia Branch of the Employment Service of Canada, a branch of the Department of Labour, and covers the work for the calendar year 1936. There are ten offices operating within the Province, as follows: Vancouver (2), Victoria (2), New Westminster, Nanaimo, Prince Rupert, Nelson, Kamloops, and Penticton. Separate offices are provided in Vancouver and Victoria for the employment of women, as well as separate sections dealing with the employment problems of men handicapped through war service and industrial occupations. INTRODUCTION. As in the previous five or six years, the Province was confronted with a large surplus of labour, creating a situation which was intensified by the influx of large numbers from other Provinces. The usual difficulties were met in the conducting of public employment offices wherever the number seeking employment is much greater than the jobs available, but it is gratifying to report that the tact displayed and the sympathetic consideration given by the staff to the many appeals of those seeking employment was equal to the occasions, with the result that no disturbances occurred in any of the offices during the year and no serious criticisms regarding their operations and administration have been voiced. While the year just ended was heralded in with considerable agitation on the part of the camp workers and other factions of relief recipients, it is somewhat remarkable that it did not long survive the coming of the new year, with the result that there was only one demonstration in Vancouver resulting in serious property damage during the period under review. Early in the year it was decided to discontinue the shipment of men to the National Defence camps and this phase of our work came to an end during February. These camps continued to operate to the end of July, but during the months of May, June, and July the men engaged in them were given the opportunity of employment with the Canadian National and Canadian Pacific Railways on track-work during the summer months. The improvement shown in the industrial and commercial activities was unfortunately not sufficient to absorb the men available and a further experiment in the operations of camps for single, homeless, destitute men was agreed upon, and these men were offered employment in both Public Works and Forestry projects at the rate of 30 cents per hour, with the understanding that the period of employment would be terminated as soon as the men had accumulated sufficient deferred pay to their credit to maintain them over a given period. The success of this scheme was more than demonstrated by the attitude of both the men and their leaders, in that they were at all times ready and willing to proceed to the camps as directed. This REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1936. T 79 Service was called upon to provide these men with transportation both to and from the camps, and in this connection arranged with the shipping companies for a 50-per-cent. reduction in the tariff rates, which resulted in a very considerable saving in transportation costs. Early in the year it was decided to again offer a limited number of the young men of this Province an opportunity of receiving training in placer-mining and forestry and, as in the previous year, a large number of young men eagerly enrolled for these projects. The suitability of the applicants was passed on by the staff of this Service and many of those not accepted have expressed their keen disappointment. The training of young men in the basic industries of the Province met with the general approval of the public and appears to have been entirely satisfactory to the men concerned, and many have expressed the hope that the policy of training which has proven itself so beneficial would be greatly extended. CONDITIONS DURING THE YEAR. General improvement continued in all basic industries of the Province, and, as expected, the increased opportunities for employment during 1936 attracted a large number of workers from other parts of Canada, so that the number of those seeking employment very materially increased the surplus labour already available, which necessitated the continuance of direct- relief measures on a large scale. The services of the Department are, as in the past, freely utilized by those seeking employment. The co-operation of this Service with the Department of Immigration has been maintained and many applications were received for permission to import labour from foreign countries. As the Immigration regulations prohibit the admission of contract labour, it is necessary to very carefully review all applications and to investigate the possibilities of securing the required labour in Canada. Every effort has been made, with good results, to induce those seeking the importation of labour to train local men for the positions available, and many of the firms have readily agreed to this procedure and limited their applications for importation to persons required for training citizens of Canada. BUSINESS TRANSACTED DURING THE YEAR. While the tables of figures indicate that portion of the Service's operations which can be translated into figures, they only represent a small portion of its total activities and varied duties it is called upon to assume, many of which are self-imposed by members of the staff and readily undertaken in an effort to render a real service to the communities they serve. All the offices, with the exception of Penticton, which was placed on a part-time basis in September, have been operated on a full-time basis to meet the steadily increasing volume of business in connection with both employment and relief matters. The returns show a marked increase in the number of applicants and reapplicants seeking employment, which amounted to 202,264 for the year under review, against 118,040 for 1935. It is, of course, impossible to tabulate the work of the staff in meeting and dealing with applicants under existing conditions. WORK IN THE HANDICAP SECTIONS. The Dominion Government continues to recognize its responsibility for the care of unemployed handicapped ex-service men and maintains a staff in the Vancouver and Victoria offices. With the passing of the years, the problems which confront this class of applicant grows greater. This is due to the fact that the men are growing older and many of them, due to their experiences, are prematurely aged. The situation which confronts these men is not only intensified by the continuation of the depression, but also by the application and speeding-up of machinery, which makes it almost impossible for them to successfully compete in the labour market. Here again there continues to be a steady influx of ex-service men into this Province, not only seeking employment, but also the more congenial climatic conditions to be found here. Slowly but surely the number of men handicapped in the industrial activities of the Province is increasing, many of whom are to-day limited to light work and sedentary occupations which many are not qualified or trained to perform. This class of men, together with those suffering from the effects of the Great War, presents a serious problem, especially in those cases where their pensions and Workmen's Compensation awards are insufficient to T 80 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. maintain them and their families. The light work which the major industrial firms have to offer is already largely taken up by men who were injured in the employ of the firms, with the result that the prospects of these two classes of men being absorbed in industry are extremely doubtful. The co-operation of this Service was sought by those in charge of the training of the deaf and dumb, and as a result of the knowledge and experience gained in the past eighteen years suggestions were offered regarding suitable training whereby the students could become qualified in occupations which the students could start and complete without in any way involving any hazards to normal employees. Trades and occupations suggested did not require the use of high-speed machinery, where the prevention of accidents requires full exercise of the faculty of hearing. OTHER BRANCHES OF ACTIVITY. During the year public interest was aroused regarding the question of industrial and commercial training of the youth of this Province. The agitation was based on the belief that there existed a serious shortage of trained mechanics and commercial workers and many of those interested approached this Service regarding the matter. While it is not suggested that industrial and commercial training is not desirable, a review of the married applicants on relief in the City of Vancouver revealed that many were trained in the various industrial and commercial callings and that no real shortage existed of men fully qualified to meet any reasonable demands. The view-point expressed by those in favour of public training could not, in many instances, be supported solely on the ground that a shortage of skilled labour exists, unless the workers from middle age up are disregarded and discarded. In the women's sections, both Vancouver and Victoria offices continue to show a steady improvement in the wages and conditions offered to domestics, and they report very little trouble in placing experienced applicants with good families paying above the average wages for this class of work. Unfortunately, the demand continues for help of a domestic nature from families who, owing to sickness, are in need of help but are unable to pay more than a low standard of wages or to offer accommodation of the more desirable type. In the Vancouver office a feature has been introduced having for its purpose closer personal contact between young women seeking employment for the first time than is possible in the general office. Here, in a room specially furnished to create an atmosphere of friendliness, women are given an opportunity to discuss their affairs frankly and privately and are encouraged to report employment conditions as they find them. Information gained in this way is of material assistance in correcting conditions where such correction by the Service is possible. Another branch deals with women in receipt of relief or applying for it. Every effort is made to persuade relief recipients to accept employment and to encourage those who have lost hope that employment is preferable to relief from whatever standpoint it is considered. The work of these sections is a complete answer to those who are pleased to allege that nothing is being done to assist unemployed women either to secure work or to improve conditions of employment. The Service continues to be utilized to a very great extent in matters relating to relief- work, and includes the arrangements and checking of medical examinations of all men proceeding to the various relief-work projects, furnishing transportation to and from the projects, as well as maintaining records and files dealing with such men. During the early part of the winter the Service was called upon by the City of Vancouver to engage the men required for snow-shovelling, which necessitated keeping the office open for many extra hours to adequately meet the situation created by snow-storms. To prevent the necessity of men waiting long periods, the co-operation of both the Vancouver Daily Province and Vancouver Sun radio news services were utilized to broadcast to those waiting at home the hours at which their services would be required. Not only was satisfaction expressed by the city officials at the new and more humane method of handling this class of temporary help, but the men themselves expressed a wish that it be continued in all other phases of the city's employment activities. The Service was also called upon to co-operate with the general contractors and Provincial Public Works Department in connection with the Dominion and Provincial highway projects, and, contrary to the generally accepted opinion that men who had been on relief for a considerable period of time would be unsuited for such work, proved themselves, in a very short space of time, capable of performing the heavy work in question, and in some cases the men in receipt of relief who were furnished the contractors to meet the requirements of the quota REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1936. T 81 demanded by the agreement between the Dominion and Provincial Governments were the last to be discharged, in spite of the fact that their quota requirements were considerably exceeded. The Service and members of the staff continue to hold the confidence of the vast majority of people they come in contact with and are called upon to deal with many problems outside the sphere of employment, and every effort is made to see that the information given is reliable and advice on matters which the citizens of the Province require is sound. - CONCLUSION. With a continuation of the improvement already shown in the industrial and commercial activities of the Province, it is the hope of the Service that the numbers on direct relief or engaged in relief projects will steadily decrease and enable the Service to again more fully enter into the industrial employment activities in the interests of the bona-fide residents of this Province, which can only be realized by a closer co-operation of the business firms and a service of this nature, whereby the employers can be induced to greater consideration of the applications for employment from the responsible citizens definitely established in the Province. The Service is to-day recognized in British Columbia and throughout the Dominion of Canada as necessary in the industrial life of the country, and the past few years have more than proven its value. The knowledge gained in the eighteen years of its operation has been freely used, not only by the residents of our own Province and Dominion, but also by many outside of these boundaries. With the closing of the period under review, it appears that the clouds of depression of the past few years are slowly but surely lifting, and that with the co-operation of all sections and classes and their recognition of the responsibilities involved in their varied activities, the future prosperity of the Province and the stabilization of industrial and commercial operations will be greatly improved. BUSINESS TRANSACTED MONTHLY, BRITISH COLUMBIA OFFICES, 1936. Month. Applications. Employers' Orders. Placements. Transfers in B.C. Transfers out of B.C. January February March April May June July _ August September October... — November December Totals- 21,364 17,944 16,500 15,772 20,038 14,582 17,326 15,114 13,850 19,988 15,713 14,073 202,264 3,894 3,235 2,125 2,267 2,889 2,613 3,398 2,594 2,068 2,574 2,031 2,474 32,162 3,912 3,224 2,113 2,259 2,873 2,585 3,371 2,569 2,054 2,565 2,017 2,470 32,012 12 15 32 14 16 14 26 23 16 27 13 9 BUSINESS TRANSACTED BY BRITISH COLUMBIA OFFICES, 1936. Office. Applications. Employers' Orders. Placements. Transfers in B.C. Transfers out of B.C. 3,543 5,442 2,577 5,251 3,263 158 5,110 136,661 21,790 14,007 4,462 783 4,978 2,191 1,891 893 83 1,326 5,243 4,183 9,098 1,493 728 4,975 2,192 1,891 841 57 1,326 5,230 4,182 9,097 1,493 28 142 35 8 4 Prince George 3 Totals 202,264 32,162 32,012 217 3 T 82 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. REPORT OF ADMINISTRATOR OF UNEMPLOYMENT RELIEF, 1936. During the year under review there was a more marked improvement in the relief situation than in the previous year. The decrease in the average monthly numbers receiving relief in the Province as a whole was over 10 per cent. The percentage reduction in unorganized territory was almost double that shown in the municipalities, being 16 per cent., with approximately 8 per cent, reduction in organized territory. The peak number receiving relief was in March, 1933, when 128,858 received assistance. The lowest number was 64,996 in October, 1936. This Department continued to absorb 80 per cent, of the cost of relief afforded to municipal residents, the municipalities paying 20 per cent. In addition, the Province continued to pay the whole cost of transient and Provincial cases residing within municipal limits. Effective in April, 1936, the Federal Government reduced the grant in aid by 15 per cent., and in July, 1936, there was a further reduction of 10 per cent., the whole of which was absorbed by the Province. It has been noticeable that many municipalities increased their relief expenditures during 1936 as compared with 1935, despite the general improvement in the employment situation. It is reasonable to assume that in some municipalities greater leniency has been shown since the Province has been paying approximately 85 per cent, of the cost of relief to all categories residing in organized territory. Registration.—Sinee August 1st, 1934, when a reregistration took place, a total of 79,439 applications for assistance has been received. This is made up of the following categories: Standard, 61,044; farmer, 5,954; transient, 12,441; each application representing either a head of family or single person. Grub-stakes.—We continued the policy of affording grub-stakes to enable men to follow placer-mining or lode prospecting. The average monthly number of men receiving grubstakes was sixty. Garden Seeds.—A total of 8,342 collections was distributed to relief recipients in unorganized territory. Camps.—The Department of National Defence ceased to operate work camps for transient single men by the end of June. The Federal Department of Labour arranged with the Canadian National and Canadian Pacific Railways to carry out deferred maintenance-work in order to afford employment to the men being discharged from camps. Assistance to Settlers Plan.—An agreement was entered into with the Federal Department of Labour on December 31st, 1936, whereby assistance could be provided to destitute farmers for the purpose of re-establishing them by granting assistance for the clearing of more land and the purchase of a limited amount of farm stock, poultry, implements, etc. Where a farmer was located on unproductive land, provision was made for moving him to a more suitable location. Due to existing weather conditions it is doubtful whether any action can be taken under the plan before the expiry date, March 31st, 1937, but it is anticipated that the Federal Government will renew the agreement. Forestry Training Plan.—The scheme inaugurated in 1935 of giving training in forestry- work to young men was continued. The age-limit was broadened to take in young men between the ages of 18 and 25, inclusive, instead of 21 to 25. The work was carried out by the Forestry Branch and the total number of men on the pay-roll was 544. One hundred and twenty-nine who qualified did not accept appointments for various reasons, while 100 who could not be absorbed under the Forestry Scheme were transferred to Placer-mining Training, but of this number 71 did not accept. The total applications numbered 1,348. Of the men enrolled, 41 secured employment through Government endeavours, 85 secured employment through their own efforts, 34 left camp to return to school or because of illness, 18 quit, 15 were discharged as unsatisfactory, while the balance were laid off on termination of the projects. The young men were given training in Forestry Experimental Stations and on trail crews, with about 20 per cent, being enrolled as Forest Ranger Assistants. Placer-mining Training Plan.—This form of training was continued during the current year with the operation of two larg-e camps. The men were handled in two training periods of six weeks each, enabling us to double the number of men handled. A total of 306 received six weeks' training, 31 failed to report, and 249, including those transferred from the Forestry REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1936. T 83 Training Plan, were unabsorbed or rejected, the total number of applications dealt with being 586. After completing the course the young men were given an opportunity to prospect on their own. Eighty-one enrollees in the first group trained took advantage of this plan and went to various parts of the Province. The men were assisted with transportation, equipment, and grub-stakes. Most of the parties consisted of four men and some of the parties made considerable gold-recoveries. The enrollees took a keen interest in the training and no doubt a large number of the young men will go prospecting next year without asking for assistance from this Department. Winter Work Projects.—An agreement was entered into with the Federal Department of Labour for the purpose of providing work for single homeless men during the winter months. Camps have been established to take care of approximately 2,500 men, about half on forestry- development and the balance on Public Works projects. There are twenty-one Forestry Camps and twelve Public Works Camps. The men are being paid at the rate of 30 cents per hour for an eight-hour day, with 75 cents per day deducted for board and shelter. They are required to purchase their own clothing. A proportion of their earnings will be withheld, so that when their period of employment terminates they will be paid an amount of $4 per week until the amount withheld has been paid. On a rotation basis it is estimated that we will be able to provide useful work for possibly 6,000 men. The agreement expires on March 31st, 1987. The details of all expenditures' made in connection with unemployment relief appear in the Annual Report of the Department of Public Works and Public Accounts. E. W. Griffith, Administrator. Statement of Relief administered in the Province of British Columbia, 1936. (As from Returns received from the Field.) Numbers. Classification. Heads of Families. Dependents. Single Individuals. Total. January. Municipal— 11,916 1,502 946 31,796 3,998 2,584 43,712 5,500 11,151 903 3,530 11,151 903 Provincial— 4,870 255 15,381 922 20,251 1,177 Single men — ■ _ — 3,094 141 196 3,094 141 Camps— Hospital,_ _ 196 Totals - - - 19,489 54,681 15,485 89,655 February. Municipal— 12,317 1,548 1,025 5,155 290 32,677 4,106 2,708 44,994 5,654 3,733 11,257 931 3,166 142 222 11,257 Single women .._ Provincial—• 16,358 1,049 931 21,513 1,339 3,166 142 Camps—■ Hospital ___._ -.../— - - 222 Totals-- -- -— 20,335 56,898 15,718 92,951 T 84 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. Statement of Relief administered in the Province of British Columbia, 1936—Continued. Classification. Numbers. Heads of Families. Dependents. Single Individuals. Total. March. Municipal— Resident families .— Provincial families.. Transient families _ Single men Single women Provincial—■ Resident families Transient families.. Single men . Single women Camps— Hospital Totals _ 12,485 1,475 981 1,275 277 20,493 Municipal— Resident families .. Provincial families Transient families . Single men — Single women Provincial— Resident families — Transient families . Single men Single women _. Camps— Hospital Totals April. Municipal— Resident families ... Provincial families Transient families - Single men Single women Provincial—■ Resident families ... Transient families. Single men Single women Camps—■ Hosp ital Totals May. Municipal—■ Resident families June. Provincial families - Transient families.. Single men ~. Single women Provincial—■ Resident families .... Transient families. Single men Single women Camps—■ Hospital . Totals 12,012 1,418 946 5,074 260 19.710 11,259 1,331 897 4,697 259 18,443 10,798 1,233 813 4,461 239 17,544 33,234 3,928 2,636 16,733 1,007 57,538 31,815 3,773 2,559 15,916 985 55,048 29,876 3,504 2,406 14,860 11,634 957 3,285 143 188 16,207 11,361 970 3,328 155 16,004 10,285 946 3,107 154 192 51,614 14,684 28,549 3,228 2,176 14,075 924 48,952 9,327 912 2,868 145 175 13,427 45,719 5,403 3,617 11,634 957 22,008 1,284 3,285 143 188 94,238 43,827 5,191 3,505 11,361 970 20,990 1,245 3,328 155 190 90,762 41,135 4,835 3,303 10,285 946 19,557 1,227 3,107 154 192 84,741 39,347 4,461 2,989 9,327 912 18,536 1,163 2,868 145 175 79,923 REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER,- 1936. T 85 Statement of Relief administered in the Province of British Columbia, 1936—Continued. Numbers. Classification. Heads of Families. Dependents. Single Individuals. Total. July. Municipal— 10,199 1,084 750 26,952 2,856 1,978 37,151 3,940 2,728 8,144 877 2,375 139 177 457 153 8,144 877 Provincial— 3,987 226 12,550 865 16,537 1,091 2,375 139 Camps— 177 457 153 Totals 16,246 45,201 12,322 73,769 August. Municipal—■ 9,472 979 732 25,013 2,544 1,904 34,485 3,523 2,636 7,989 842 2,141 142 169 447 288 7,989 842 11,403 808 Provincial—■ 3,616 201 15,019 1,009 2,141 142 Camps—■ 169 447 288 Totals- 15,000 41,672 12,018 68,690 September. Municipal— 9,787 989 688 25,568 2,597 1,779 35,355 3,586 8,030 839 1,875 141 176 447 155 2,467 8,030 839 Provincial— 3,146 183 9,810 722 12,956 905 1,875 141 Camps—• 176 447 155 14,793 ! 40,476 11,663 66,932 T 86 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. Statement of Relief administered in the Province of British Columbia, 1936—Continued. Numbers. Classification. Heads of Families. Dependents. Single Individuals. Total. October. Municipal— 9,498 943 730 24,417 2,484 1,881 33,915 3,427 2,611 8,614 841 8,614 841 Provincial— 2,955 156 9,181 628 12,136 784 1,992 136 190 350 1,992 136 Camps— 190 350 Totals- — — ... 14,282 38,591 12,123 64,996 November. Municipal—■ 9,662 969 735 24,847 2,562 1,876 9,181 633 34,509 Provincial families — 10,610 871 3,531 2,611 10,610 871 Provincial—■ 2,983 150 12,164 783 1,944 152 188 77 1,944 152 Camps— 188 77 Totals _ 14,499 39,099 13,842 67,440 December. Municipal— 10,251 1,060 776 3,390 180 26,812 2,806 2,035 10,702 754 37,063 3,866 2,811 12,112 12,112 862 Provincial— 14,092 934 Transient families _ ' 2,298 155 195 _ 668 173 583 2,298 583 Totals. 15,657 43,109 17,046 75,812 REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1936. T 87 REPORT OF APPRENTICESHIP BRANCH. Provincial Apprenticeship Committee. W. A. Carrothers, Chairman Parliament Buildings, Victoria. Adam Bell, Deputy Minister of Labour Parliament Buildings, Victoria. J. F. Keen _ 6446 Churchill Street, Vancouver. James Thomson 411 Dunsmuir Street, Vancouver. Officials of the Branch. Hamilton Crisford, Director of Apprenticeship...... 907 Stock Exchange Building, Vancouver. Thomas V. Berto, Assistant Director of Apprenticeship._-..907 Stock Exchange Building, Vancouver. The fiscal year of 1936 was the first complete year of the operation of this Branch established under the provisions of the " Apprenticeship Act." The year commenced with a total of twenty-three apprentices., largely consisting of those youths who had been signed up under contract under the voluntary system, inaugurated in the City of Vancouver, who had not yet completed their period of apprenticeship. The Act originally covered only the following trades:— (1.) Carpentry and joinery (bench-work). ' (2.) Painting and decorating. (3.) Plastering. (4.) Sheet-metal working. (5.) Plumbing and steam-fitting. (6.) Electrical work. On the recommendation of the Provincial Apprenticeship Committee, the additional trades as under have been added during the period:— (7.) Automobile maintenance. (8.) Sign and pictorial painting. (9.) Ship and boat building. (10.) Servicing and repair of current-consuming electrical appliances. (11.) Jewellery manufacture and repair. At March 31st, 1937, the number of active apprenticeship contracts was as follows:— Carpentry and joinery 31 Painting and decorating 10 Sheet-metal work 21 Plumbing and steam-fitting 16 Electrical work 2& Automobile maintenance 51 Sign-painting 6 Ship and boat building _ 28 Jewellery manufacture and repair. 7 Other trades not designated under the Act 65 Total 261 In addition to the above, two apprentices completed their apprenticeship period and were issued certificates. It is the established principle of the Provincial Apprenticeship Committee to consider each apprenticeship contract individually before approval and to maintain a standard of training on the job and through Night School and Correspondence Courses that will offer every facility to the apprentice of making himself proficient. During this first year's operation of the Provincial Act the principle of apprenticeship in skilled trades has become generally recognized and firmly established, and, with extending facilities and continued stability in business generally, the youth of this Province and industry should materially benefit and the number of apprentices should steadily increase. Care, however, is being taken that these increases are controlled to the extent that apprentices shall not displace qualified help and that there is every reasonable likelihood of continued; employment in the industry at the end of the period of training. T 88 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. Minimum wages with periodic increases have been established in all trades designated under the Act, and it is a matter of some interest that over one-third of the apprentices indentured are already receiving more than the required minimum. The period of apprenticeship varies in different occupations, and in individual cases may be shortened, at the discretion of the Committee, where the prospective apprentice is able to show some previous experience or special training and aptitude in any trade. At the last session of the Legislature an amendment to the " Apprenticeship Act" was passed to make it possible to extend the benefits of apprenticeship to those over 21 years of age. This was thought necessary owing to the large number of young people from 21 to 25 years who, during the depression period, had materially suffered through lack of opportunity. Some of these are now learning a trade and are signed up under contract at wages considerably above the minimum. The Provincial Apprenticeship Committee have under advisement at the present time a recommendation to bring the metal trades under the provisions of the Act and to extend the scope of the activities of the Branch in other suitable channels. Hamilton Crisford, Director of Apprenticeship. REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1936. T 89 " TRADE-SCHOOLS REGULATION ACT." Administrative Offices. Mr. J. A. Ward Bell, Chief Administrative Officer. Mrs. Rex Eaton, Administrative Officer. Mr. Hamilton Crisford, Administrative Officer and Secretary. At the 1936 session of the Legislature an Act was passed, to be known as the " Trade- schools Regulation Act," which had as its object the protection of the public and particularly the young people of this Province by correcting abuses and eliminating unfair practices in the operation of trade-schools. The Act provides for the registration with the Department of any trade-school or place or any course of study carried on by correspondence, teaching or purporting to teach the skill and knowledge requisite for or intended for use in an industrial or commercial occupation, calling, or vocation. It further provides that the Minister of Labour must be satisfied that competent instruction and sufficient equipment is provided, reasonable rates are charged, and that fair and ethical practices are abided by both in obtaining students and their tuition. The Act came into force on January 1st, 1937, and allowed thirty days for registration. Practically all business colleges and trade-schools operated in the Province readily complied with the requirements of the Act. Investigation showed that, as far as business schools were concerned, they were, generally speaking, operated on a high standard, minor adjustments being asked for in some cases and willingly carried out. Trade-schools teaching definite trades under personal supervision required a great deal more attention, and it was found that, in some cases, special regulations would be required, notably in the cases of barbering and hairdressing schools, as it had become their common practice to use their schools more or less as shops operated by student-labour in competition with the legitimate shops paying their employees the minimum wage. Special regulations were therefore passed by Order in Council and these are reacting to the benefit of the students, legitimate schools, and the industry. By far the greatest problem that has arisen in connection with the administration of the Act occurs in connection with some correspondence and home-study schools. It has been found that such schools, operating under the cloak of educational institutes or colleges, prostitute the name and objects of the legitimate educational organization. Misrepresentation, excessive charges for out-of-date instruction, unfair contracts, advertising and sales talks that are imV leading, and false promises of many descriptions have been uncovered. Such schools usually approach inexperienced youths and their parents and obtain their signatures on the dotted line of an irrevocable contract, frequently for a course that is unsuitable and that seldom opens up the avenues of employment represented. The task of sorting out the legitimate from the illegitimate school is one of some magnitude, but considerable progress is being made and special regulations satisfactory to the best type of school have been prepared. When such special regulations are passed, we believe that much can be done to safeguard the interests of the students, the legitimate school, and the public generally. Hamilton Crisford, Secretary. T 90 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. TEXT OF THE NEW ACT. CHAPTER 288. An Act to regulate Trade-schools. His Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of British Columbia, enacts as follows:— Short title. 1. This Act may be cited as the " Trade-schools Regulation Act." 1936 (2nd Sess.), c. 54, s. 1. Interpretation. 2. In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires:—■ " Minister " means the Minister of Labour: " Trade " means the skill and knowledge requisite for or intended for ,use in an industrial or commercial occupation, calling, or . vocation, and, without derogation from the generality of the foregoing, includes the construction, building, repair, and operation of aeroplanes, automobiles, steam-engines, boilers, internal-combustion engines, machinery of all kinds, bricklaying, building, carpentry^ the work of a stone-mason, plastering, plumbing, the fabrication of iron and steel, aviation, mining, lumbering, barbering, beauty-culture, hair-dressing, dressmaking, millinery, and any other occupation, calling, or vocation designated as a trade by the regulations: " Trade-school " means any school or place or any course of study by correspondence kept or operated by any person, other than the University of British Columbia or a Board of School Trustees or Official Trustee under the " Public Schools Act," wherein or whereby any trade is taught or purported to be taught. 1936 (2nd Sess.), c. 54, s. 2. Operation of trade; 3. No person shall keep or operate any trade-school in the Province tration^rohibite6!.'3" unless ihe is registered pursuant to this Act. 1936 (2nd Sess.), c. 54, s. 3. Application for 4. After the coming into operation of this Act, every person desirous of trade-schools? " Ure commencing the keeping or operating of a trade-school in the Province shall make application for registration in writing to the Minister in such form and with such particulars as he may prescribe in respect of the proposed trade- school. 1936 (2nd Sess.), c. 54, s. 5. Expiration and 5. Every registration under this Act shall expire on the thirty-first day tratixm' °f reglS" ' °^ December of the year in respect of which the registration is. effected, and every person who is registered may make application to the Minister for the renewal of his registration in the same manner as hereinbefore provided in the case of a first registration. 1936 (2nd Sess.), c. 54, s. 6. Certificate of 6. Upon the applicant for registration or for renewal of registration, as registration. .y-e case may be, complying with the requirements of the Minister and satisfy ing him that the trade-school is provided with competent instructors and sufficient equipment for the teaching of any specified trade or trades, and is furnishing or is prepared to furnish proper instruction in such trade or trades, at reasonable rates, the Minister may cause the applicant to be registered as the keeper or operator of a trade-school for the teaching of the specified trade or trades, and may issue a certificate of registration accord^ ingly. 1936 (2nd Sess.), c. 54, s. 7. Power to inspect ?■ The Minister, or any person authorized by him in writing, may inspect trade-schools. any trade-school at any time during which the same is being kept or oper ated, to observe the method of instruction given therein, and to inspect the business books and records, and all circulars, pamphlets, and other material REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1936. T 91 used for advertising the trade-school and the instruction afforded therein, and any person who obstructs the Minister or authorized person in making any inspection or observation or who refuses or neglects to produce any business book or record upon demand shall be liable, on summary conviction, to a fine of not more than one hundred dollars, and, in default of payment, to imprisonment for a term of not more than two months. 1936 (2nd Sess.), c. 54, s. 8. 8. If, as a result of any inspection of any trade-school, or upon being Cancellation of otherwise credibly informed, the Minister is satisfied that a trade-school in reBls ra lon' respect of which registration has been made under this Act is insufficiently provided with the means of instruction, or that the charges made for the instruction given are unreasonable, or that any regulation pursuant to the provisions of this Act is not observed therein, he may cancel the registration, and thereupon the registration and the certificate thereof shall be null and void. 1936 (2nd Sess.), c. 54, s. 9. 9. Every person Who : Offences and (a.) Keeps or operates a trade-school at a time when he is notPenaItles- , registered pursuant to this Act as the keeper or operator of that trade-school; or (6.) Keeps or operates a trade-school for the purpose of giving instruction in a trade not specified in his certificate of registration ; or (c.) Enters into any contract for the furnishing of instruction in a trade other than the contract set out in the application for registration, or a contract which has been approved by the Minister,— shall, in addition to any other liability, be liable, upon summary conviction, if a corporation to a penalty of not more than five hundred dollars, and if a natural person to a penalty of not more than two hundred and fifty dollars, and, in default of payment, to imprisonment for a term of not more than three months. 1936 (2nd Sess.), c. 54, s. 10. 10. The Lieutenant-Governor in Council may from time to time make Regulations. regulations:— (a.) Prescribing the security to be provided by the keeper or operator of any trade-school operated in the Province for the due performance of his contracts: (b.) Prescribing the minimum number of hours of instruction in any trade which shall constitute a course of instruction in that trade: (c.) Prescribing the maximum fees which shall be paid for a course of instruction in any trade: (d.) Prescribing the terms and conditions upon which money paid for or on account of instruction in any trade-school shall be either retained by the payee or be repayable to the payer: (e.) Prohibiting the use within the Province of any advertising relating to any trade-school which may tend to mislead, and requiring the discontinuance of any specified advertisement or means of advertisement by the keeper or operator of any trade-school: (/.) Prescribing the amount that may be asked, charged, or received from the public for any article produced entirely or in part in any trade-school, or for the material used by or for the services of any employee or student of the trade-school: (g.) Limiting the amount of articles, goods, or commodities produced in any trade-school so that it may not compete unfairly with the production of similar articles, goods, or commodities in any factory or shop: T 92 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. (h.) Fixing the times during which the public may obtain service in any trade-school: (i.) Designating any calling or vocation as a trade within the meaning of this Act: (j.) Fixing the fees that shall be payable on application for registration or renewal of registration under this Act: (fc.) Providing, in the case of any specified trade-school, that no certificate or other document as to the competency of any person shall be issued by that trade-school unless that person has submitted himself to such examination and by such persons as may be prescribed by the regulations; and prescribing fees for such examination and certificate: (..) Generally, as to the conduct, operation, and management of trade-schools or any of them, and the nature of any examinations for certificates of competency, the manner, times, and places of holding such examinations, and the persons who shall sit as examiners. 1936 (2nd Sess.), c. 54, s. 11. Supremacy of Act 11. (1.) The provisions and requirements of this Act and the regulations m case of conflict. shall be in addition to all provisions and requirements made by or under any other general or special Act of the Legislature, and no examination held or certificate or other document granted by virtue of this Act or the regulations shall in any way be deemed to be a compliance with the provisions or requirements made by or under any other general or special Act respecting examinations to be held or certificates or documents to be granted thereunder. (2.) Subject to the provisions of subsection (1), in case of any conflict arising between the provisions of this Act and the regulations and the provisions of any other general or special Act of the Legislature, the provisions of this Act and the regulations shall govern. 1936 (2nd Sess.), c. 54, s. 12: Appointment of staff. 12. For the purpose of carrying out the provisions of this Act, the Lieutenant-Governor in Council may appoint such officers as may be considered necessary o<r expedient. 1936 (2nd Sess.), c. 54, s. 13. Appropriation for 13. The expenses necessarily incurred in the administration of this Act tratton68 °f admmls" shall, in the absence of a special appropriation of the Legislature available for that purpose, be payable from the Consolidated Revenue Fund. 1936 (2nd Sess.), c. 54, s. 14. VICTORIA, B.C. : Printed by Charles F. Banfield, Printer to the King's Most Excellent Majesty. 1937. 1,725-737-7344
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PROVINCE OF BRITISH COLUMBIA ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31ST… British Columbia. Legislative Assembly [1937]
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Title | PROVINCE OF BRITISH COLUMBIA ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31ST 1936 |
Alternate Title | REPORT OF THE DEPUTY MINISTER, 1936. |
Creator |
British Columbia. Legislative Assembly |
Publisher | Victoria, BC : Government Printer |
Date Issued | [1937] |
Genre |
Legislative proceedings |
Type |
Text |
FileFormat | application/pdf |
Language | English |
Identifier | J110.L5 S7 1937_V01_21_T1_T92 |
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Sessional Papers of the Province of British Columbia |
Source | Original Format: Legislative Assembly of British Columbia. Library. Sessional Papers of the Province of British Columbia |
Date Available | 2016 |
Provider | Vancouver : University of British Columbia Library |
Rights | Images provided for research and reference use only. For permission to publish, copy or otherwise distribute these images please contact the Legislative Library of British Columbia |
CatalogueRecord | http://resolve.library.ubc.ca/cgi-bin/catsearch?bid=1198198 |
DOI | 10.14288/1.0307329 |
AggregatedSourceRepository | CONTENTdm |
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