PROVINCE OF BRITISH COLUMBIA ANNUAL REPORT THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31st 1926 PRINTED BY AUTHORITY OP THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY. VICTORIA, B.C. : Printed by Charles F. Banfield, Printer to the King's Most Excellent Majesty. 1927. To His Honour Robert Randolph Bruce, Lieutenant-Governor of the Province of British Columbia. May it please Your Honour : Tie Annual Report of the Department of Labour of the Province for the year 1926 is herewith respectfully submitted. A. M. MANSON, Minister of Labour. Office of the Minister of Labour, June, 1927. The Honourable A. M. Manson, Minister of Labour. Sir,—I have the honour to submit herewith my Ninth Annual Report on the work of the Department of Labour up to December 31st, 1926. I have the honour to be, Sir, Your obedient servant, J. D. McNIVEN, Deputy Minister of Labour. Department of Labour, Victoria, B.C., June, 1927. SUMMARY OF CONTENTS. Page. Report of the Deputy Minister 7 Our Growing Industries 7 Minimum Wage for Male Employees 1 Shorter Hours of Work 7 New Legislation ,.....- 8 Statistics of Trade and Industries 10 Method of obtaining Information .". 10 How the Industrial Pay-roll is divided 10 Proportions for Different Areas 11 Racial Origin of our Workers 15 The Proportion of Asiatics 15 Weekly Wages, 1926, compared with 1925 16 Low-paid Workers fewer in Number 17 Chart showing Fluctuation in Industrial Wages IS, 19 Average Weekly Wage in each Industry 20 The Fluctuation of Employment 20 Statistical Tables 21 The " Hours of Work Act " 35 Shortening the Working-day 36 Changes in Hours of Work :.37, 38 Regulations, " Hours of Work Act, 1923 " 39 The " Male Minimum Wage Act" 41 Minimum Wage of Forty Cents an Hour 41 Order covering Lumbering Industry 42 Increased Pay for 9,000 Workers 42 The Case of Handicapped Workers 43 Validity of the Order Challenged 43 The Case in Court of Appeal 44 Cook's Wages in Lumber Camps 45 Labour Disputes in 1926 46 . Important Legal Decision : 46 Carpenters and a Five-day Week 48 Summary of Labour Disputes, 1926 51 Employment Service 53 Summary of Labour Conditions 53 Chart showing Fluctuations during 1920 55 Re-establishment of Handicapped Men 56 Employment Service Policy , 57 Inspection of Factories 59 Report of the Minimum Wage Board 61 Conference on Fruit and Vegetable Industry 61 Collection of Arrears 61 A Few Cases in Court 62 Statistical Report 62 Labour Turnover in each Group 67 Summary of Orders 69 Association of Employers 73 Union Directory 75 REPORT OF THE DEPUTY MINISTER OF LABOUR FOR 1926. The conditions prevailing in the Province during 1926, the period covered by this, the ninth annual report of the Department of Labour, were very favourable to the prosperity and continued development of our industries. Such labour disputes as occurred were mostly of short duration, and the total loss of working-time which they entailed was 28,016 days. The corresponding loss in 1925, which also was a period of only light industrial disturbances, was 23,300 working-days, but in 1924 no fewer than 223,876 days were lost owing to disputes. It is not out of place here to congratulate both employers and employed upon the better spirit and understanding which they have attained in their mutual relations. Our Growing Industries. Once again during the past year our industries witnessed considerable advancement, and the pay-roll of the Province reached a total which is easily a record for all time. No fewer than 4,521 industrial employers sent returns to this Department, and we have also made a careful calculation of the pay-roll of other employers not included in our returns. On this basis the estimate is made of the salaries and wages in connection with industrial operations in British Columbia during 1926, reaching a total of $175,173,836.47. This compares with $159,959,820.S0 for the previous year and $151,037,316.20 for 1924, the increase last year being more than $15,000,000. Nearly all our leading industries shared in these increases, substantial gains being recorded by, among others, lumbering, contracting, Coast shipping, food products, metal-mining, pulp and paper, and the various manufacturing groups. The principal falling-off was in the coal-mining industry, owing to circumstances which were, at least in part, temporary, and it isi satisfactory to find that, during the period between the close of 1926 and the completion of this report, the industry has taken a turn for the better. The highest number of persons employed in industries generally was recorded in September and the lowest in January. The changes made in wage-rates were mostly in an upward direction, and there was a slight increase in the general weekly average. It is gratifying to find that the number of the lowest-paid wage-earners showed a considerable decrease. Minimum Wage for Male Workers. In administering the " Male Minimum AVage Act" passed in the session of 1925, the Board of Adjustment decided, early in the year, that it was not practicable to apply the Act to all occupations at one and the same time. They accordingly concentrated a large amount of attention upon the lumbering industry, in which were employed a greater number of persons likely to be affected by the Act than in any other. The steps taken by the Board to ascertain the true position of affairs among lumber-workers are referred to at length in another section of the report, and the Board feel that, in fixing upon a minimum of 40 cents an hour for lumber-workers, they have done their best to strike a fair balance between the conflicting claims of employers and employed. The order went into effect on November 1st, and in the last two months of the year there was every indication that it was being faithfully observed by the general body of employers carrying on lumbering operations. In the ordinarily quiet period towards the end of the year the payment of a higher rate of wages, where such was necessary, had not brought about any unusual business depression, and there appears every reason to believe that lumbermen will be able to accommodate themselves to the new conditions. The applications for permits to pay on a lower scale in the case of handicapped workers have not been very numerous, and the 10 per cent, allowance for such cases, as decided upon by the Board, is evidently an ample margin. The validity of the Board's order was challenged in the Courts, and their right to make an order affecting one industry only, without at the same time bringing in other industries, was questioned, but the action of the Board was upheld by the Judges. The question of making further orders relating to other occupations has since been the subject of investigation. Shorter Hours of Work. The section of the report which deals with the " Hours of Work Act" shows that the Act, which has been operative since the beginning of 1925, is working smoothly, and that the limitation of working-hours which it imposes upon industry has been loyally accepted by employers of labour in the Province. Moreover, the period of its operation has also been a period of advance- F 8 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. nient in those industries where its effects are chiefly felt. No change has been made during the year in the list of permanent exemptions issued by the Board of Adjustment nearly two years ago, as it has been found, from experience, that they are sufficient to meet the needs of our various industries, and no serious objection to them has been raised in any quarter. The report of the Board also indicates the grounds on which temporary exemptions have been granted from time to time, to suit the requirements of individual firms in times of emergency; but neither the permanent nor tire temporary exemptions have interfered with the working of the Act so far as to prevent it from bringing about a notable reduction in hours of work. Such reduction is demonstrated by a comparison of the figures for 1926 with those for 1924, as given in another page of the report. Wages of Female Employees. In the administration of the Minimum Wage Act for Women, the principal change made during the past year was in relation to female employees in the fruit and vegetable industry. Many of these employees were engaged on piece-rates, and the intention of the Minimum Wage Board, in the existing order, had been to guarantee to them a rate of pay not less than the minimum set for time-workers. A ruling given in a case in Court, however, made it doubtful whether such guarantee could be enforced; and' the Board, after a public conference held in Vancouver, decided to make the wording of the order more explicit, thereby securing for pieceworkers the benefit of the legal minimum wage. At the same time the minimum figure was slightly raised from $14 to $14.40 a week. 'The tabulation of the wages of female employees this year takes account of 16,070 women and girls compared with 33,899 for 1925. In most of the groups there is a slight reduction in the average weekly wage of experienced adult workers, and for this check no general explanation can be suggested. There have been fewer cases of contravention of the law which in the opinion of the Board called for prosecution, but greater results have been secured in the collection of arrears, which have been duly handed over to women and girls who had been underpaid. 50,000 Persons placed in Employment. The Employment Service in the Province has continued to do excellent work, and was instrumental during the year in finding employment for over 50,000 persons. Special attention has been given to the needs of handicapped workers, including a very large number of ex-service men, and the special section of tbe Service dealing with these workers succeeded in placing 2,087 men, or about 200 more than during the thirteen months covered by the previous report. For a few months in the early part of the year a " Citizens' Committee " in Vancouver also put forward an effort to secure employment for ex-service men. Its functions were largely a duplication of those of the Handicap Section of the Employment Service, which led to some confusion, and the work of the committee was not continued after about three months. New Legislation. New laws of special interest to working men and women, which were placed on the statute- book in the last session of the Provincial Legislature, may be briefly summarized:— Under the existing " Factories Act," children were permitted, without restriction as to hours of labour, to be employed in canning fish and in fruit-packing, but a new " Factories Act Amendment Act" made such employment conditional upon the written permission of the Factory Inspector being obtained, such permission to set forth the number of hours daily, not exceeding six, during which a child may be employed. Another clause of the Act authorizes the Inspector to permit a laundry to be operated on a holiday or during extra hours, on being satisfied that the exigencies of the trade require such extension; the working-hours in no case to exceed those prescribed by or under the " Hours of Work Act." The Act permits some additional latitude in the canning or curing of fish, or in fruit-packing, in the height of the season. The " Minimum Wage Act Amendment Act " made it obligatory upon every employer of female employees to keep .records as to wages paid and hours worked. It also authorized the Minimum Wage Board to amend an order relating to the wages and hours of female employees without reconvening or calling any conference. Under the original Act an employer contravening an order under the Act was liable to a fine; the amending Act further provided that he should be ordered by the Magistrate, on conviction, to pay to an employee the amount by which she had been underpaid with costs. REPORT OF THE DEPUTY MINISTER, 1920. F 9 The " Old-age Pension Act " enabled the Government of the Province to enter into an agreement with the Dominion Government as to a general scheme of old-age pensions for the Province pursuant to the provisions of a Dominion Act, and for the payment by the Dominion Government to the Provincial Government quarterly of one-half the net sum paid out during the preceding quarter by the Provincial Government for old-age pensions under the Act. It was further provided that the Act should be administered by the Workmen's Compensation Board, and that it should come into operation on a day to be fixed by the Lieutenant-Governor by Proclamation. Under the " Tug-boat Men's Lien Act," the owner of a tug-boat who performs towage is to have a lien on the logs or timber products towed for the amount of money payable for the towage. The lien is to lapse, however, in thirty days, unless the owner of the tug-boat in the meantime files an affidavit giving particulars of his claim, to be followed by a legal action within another thirty days. F 10 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. STATISTICS OF TRADE AND INDUSTRIES. That the year 1926 was a period of important advancement in the industries of the Province is the main conclusion to be derived from the mass of statistical matter which has been collected by the Department of Labour from our industrial employers. For the past nine years this statistical work has been undertaken annually by the Department, and perhaps in no other way than by a comparison of our figures from year to year can an adequate idea be obtained of the manner in which our industries have been changing and progressing during that period. Each year we have given particulars of the pay-roll in the different industries, the weekly wages of workers, the nationality of persons employed, and the fluctuations of employment from month to month. The Method of obtaining Information. The method followed by the Department may be again explained. At the beginning of the year we send out to industrial employers of labour a questionnaire covering, among other matters, the features above mentioned, and they are asked to make their returns not later than the end of January. In the large majority of cases this request is fairly met, but once more we have to call attention to the delay of some employers in filling out the forms, which delay has made it impossible for the Department to issue this section of the report as early as we would have desired. Although the Department has in no case gone to the limit of its powers in dealing with delinquents, it may be well to make it clear that employers failing to send in their returns within the period specified are rendering themselves liable to prosecution. Section 8 of the " Department of Labour Act " sets forth that:— " Every person who for the space of one month after receipt of notice to furnish information required under any of the provisions of this Act neglects or refuses to furnish the same shall be liable, on summary conviction, to a penalty not exceeding one hundred dollars, and every person who furnishes information required under this Act, knowing it to be false, shall be liable to a like penalty." Moreover, the above clause has been specifically applied to the Department's statistical questionnaire by Order in Council. It was found necessary in a few cases to bring this fact very pointedly to the notice of certain employers before a return could be secured. Those employers whose returns were still missing when our final compilation1 was made are comparatively few and unimportant, and, as will be seen later, an estimate has been made of their probable pay-roll for the year. Returns received from 4,521 Employers. The number of returns actually received for the year is 4,521, an increase of 3S3 over the corresponding total for 1925. This increase may be taken as representing, in the main, the march of industrial development in tbe Province, though we are also of opinion that the Department is successful each year in obtaining returns from a somewhat larger proportion of the firms in business. Whatever the explanation, the fact remains that the number of these annual returns has grown surprisingly in the past eight years. Our records begin with 1,047 returns in 1018, the number going up to 1,207 for 1919, 1,869 for 1920, 2,275 for 1921, 2,809 for 1922, 3,375 for 1923, 3,566 for 1924, 4,138 for 1925, and 4,521 for 1926. No new feature was introduced in the form of the questionnaire sent out this year, but a question relating to the hourly rates of wages of employees following particular occupations was changed somewhat, with the object of gaining more exact information which might be useful to the Board of Adjustment in administering the " Male Minimum Wage Act." This information was sought for the first time last year, when apparently some employers took account of female as well as male employees in the answers which they gave, and there was no inquiry as to the number of workers following different occupations. The necessary changes which were made in this year's questionnaire have produced a large additional body of information as to wages prevalent throughout the Province, which information is now in possession of the Department. How the Industrial Pay-roll is divided. The 4,521 firms making returns account for a pay-roll of $129,420,599.55. For 1925 the returns of 4,138 firms showed a pay-roll of $115,943,238.60, and in the previous year 3,566 firms paid out a sum of $107,798,771.30. The amount paid to officers, superintendents, and managers last year was $12,399,863.91, which represents an increase, as compared with the corresponding amount for 1925, of 16.69 per cent. Clerks, stenographers, and salesmen received a total of $10,627,258.93, compared with $9,698,598.40 in 1925, an increase equal to 9.57 per cent. The sum REPORT OF THE DEPUTY MINISTER, 1926. F 11 received by wage-earners was $106,393,476.71, which compares with $96,620,701.07 in 1925, an increase equivalent to 11.25 per cent. There does not seem to be any special significance belonging to the difference in the relative increases for the three branches of service, though this is not the first year in which the managerial departments have shown a more rapid gain than the other two branches, which may possibly be a result of the greater attention given to organization and specialization1 in our industrial operations, incidental to the attempt which has been made, not unsuccessfully, in many lines, to bring about a lower cost per unit of production. Adding together these percentages of increase for the past four years, we find that, since the beginning of 1923, payments to officers, superintendents, and managers have increased by 49.69 per cent.; payments to clerks, stenographers, and salesmen by 40.07 per cent.; and to wage-earners by 43.55 per cent. Of the total payments for salaries and wages in 1926, officers, superintendents, and managers received 9.58 per cent.; clerks, stenographers, and salesmen, 8.21 per cent.; and wage-earners, 82.21 per cent. The comparative proportions in 1925 were 9.17 per cent., 8.36 per cent., and 82.47 per cent.; and in 1924 they were 9.04 per cent., 8.29 per cent., and 82.67 per cent. Some Supplementary Figures. It should be kept in mind that the totals given above are not the complete industrial pay-roll of the Province. In endeavouring to arrive at a comprehensive total it will be necessary to include certain other substantial amounts. The total already given, $129,420,599.55, is the industrial pay-roll for the year of the 4,521 firms making returns to this Department, up to the time when our final tabulation was made. From then, and until the time of sending this report to the press, over a hundred additional returns were received, their pay-roll aggregating $701,743.16. It is necessary, further, to make an estimate regarding other firms engaged in industries which, come within the scope of our inquiry, but from whom no returns were received, and under this head we have allowed a sum of $6,350,000. This brings the total to $136,472,342.71 for salaries and wages in the purely industrial operations embraced by our inquiry, the corresponding total for 1925 being $125,294,415.22. Next to be considered are the transcontinental and other railway systems, not, however, including industrial, interurban, or street-car lines. They have each and all made a statement to the Department of their pay-roll in British Columbia for 1926, the total being $13,701,493.76, or $397,658.18 more than in 1925. In the employ of the Dominion and Provincial Governments are many workers whose duties are of an industrial or semi-industrial character, and for these we have allowed a wage payment of $6,000,000. Wholesale and retail firms, who are not asked to make returns to this Department, 'are estimated to have a pay-roll of $4,000,000; and in another group comprising express companies, telegraph companies, and ocean steamship services —the latter having a large number of employees whose homes are in the Province—the wages paid last year were calculated to amount to $8,000,000. Outside of these are a large number of ■ semi-industrial occupations to whom the general terms of our questionnaire do not strictly apply. Included in these are delivery, cartage and teaming, warehousing, butchers, moving-picture operators, coal and wood yards, and auto transportation, with a collective pay-roll of probably not less than $5,500,000. Other miscellaneous industrial activities, not to be classified under any of the above heads, would increase the total by $1,500,000. The industrial pay-roll of the Province, treated in a comprehensive manner as above, may therefore be summarized as follows:— Pay-roll of 4,521 firms making returns to Department of Labour $129,420,599 55 Returns received too late to be included in above 701,743 16 Employers in occupations included in Department's inquiry, not sending in returns—estimated pay-roll 6,350,000 OO Transcontinental railways 13,701,493 76 Dominion and Provincial Government workers 6,000,000 00 Wholesale and retail firms •. 4,000,000 00 Delivery, cartage and teaming, warehousing, butchers, moving-picture operators, coal and wood yards, and auto transportation 5,500,000 00 Ocean service, express and telegraph companies 8,000,000 00 Miscellaneous 1,500,000 00 Total $175,173,836 47 Proportions for Different Areas. For the third time, this year we have segregated the returns according to the areas in which the industrial operations dealt with were being carried on. The result shows that 36.44 per cent. F 12 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. of our industrial pay-roll was located last year in Greater Vancouver, compared with 35.05 per cent, in 1925 and 36.05 per cent, in 1924. For the purpose of this calculation, Greater Vancouver is taken to include Vancouver City, North Vancouver, South Vancouver, West Vancouver, Point Grey, and Burnaby. The rest of the Mainland, including also the Queen Charlotte and other Northern Islands, had 46.31 per cent, of our industrial pay-roll—an increase compared with the 45.93 per cent, for 1925 and 45.02 per cent, for 1924. Vancouver Island, taking in also for this- purpose the Gulf Islands, has a lower percentage of the Province's pay-roll for this year—the 17.25 per cent, for 1926 comparing with 19.02 per cent, in 1925 and 18.93 per cent, in 1924. The lessened activity of coal-mining on the Island during 1926 is sufficient to account for this difference. Dividing the totals given in the preceding paragraphs in the same proportion as the figures in actual returns, we arrive at the following apportionment of the industrial pay-roll of the Province for the past three years:— 1924. 1925. 1926. $ 54,449,747 95 67,992,347 26 28,595,220 99 $ 56,065,917 19 73,469,545 69 30,424,357 92 $ 63,833,346 01 81,123,003 67 30,217,486 79 $151,037,316 20 $159,959,820 80 $175,173,836 47 As in previous years, the 4,521 returns received were divided into twenty-five groups. Twenty of these show an increase over their pay-roll for 1925, the increase amounting to $14,SOS,307.87. The remaining five groups show a decreased pay-roll, the decrease aggregating $1,330,846.62. There is, accordingly, a net increase in the twenty-five groups of $13,477,360.95. Business Expansion the General Rule. These figures show that our industries during 1920 were, for the most part, in a very healthy condition—expansion being the general rule. The building and contracting group, for exanrple, had shown such a marked advance during 1925 that many people doubted its ability to go further ahead in 1926, and yet, in this later year, the pay-roll of the industry went up by $1,700,000. The Lower Mainland, the region centring in the City of Vancouver, obtained the chief benefit of this, but improved records came from most of the other districts in the Province. Some of the big contracts which helped to make up the return are now finished, but others have been entered upon, and small operations, such as the building of residences, are probably more numerous, so that appearances point to another good showing for the current year. Our wonderful Coast waterways are becoming more important as the highways and byways of commerce, and the pay-roll in the Coast shipping group went up last year by over a million and three-quarters. The wage payments in this group have more than doubled themselves in the last four years. The food products group improved upon its pay-roll for 1925 by more than a million, and while the fine record achieved by the fish-canneries was mainly responsible for this, we should not ignore the expansion in other divisions embraced in this group, such as creameries and dairies, cereal-milling, fruit-canneries, bakeries, jam-making, and packing-houses. Three Millions more for Lumbering. Coming to lumbering, our largest group, nearly three millions was added to the pay-roll in 1926, a fact which is, itself, an eloquent comment upon recent legislation, of which the effect has been felt chiefly in lumbering operations. The increase of three-quarters of a million in the pay-roll of metal-mining follows upon a series of annual additions to the pay-roll, carried over a number of years, and the prevailing note in this industry to-day is one of continued advancement. The forward step by over $200,000 in our wood-manufacturing industry is a welcome sign that progress is being made in the marketing of our lumber products in a more finished state. A similar increase was shown in the smelting industry, while ship-building and repairing, after lagging somewhat in 1925, last year showed an increase of more than 50 per cent., the actual gain being over $600,000. Even a greater proportionate advance was made by the pulp and paper industry, which paid out $2,300,000 more in wages in 1926 than in 1925. This is mainly due to the fact that one of the largest concerns in the Province virtually doubled its capacity during the year, and other operations were also on an extended scale. The full result of these developments upon the annual pay-roll will not be seen until the end of the current year; and by that time we shall probably know more about other important new projects which are now in hand. REPORT OF THE DEPUTY MINISTER, 1926. F 12 Some Additional Increases. Printing and publishing is in line with other industries in showing an advance of $369,000, and paint-manufacturing, one of our smaller industries, goes forward proportionately. Another group which shows more than a 50-per-cent. increase is that of oil-refining, in which is included those flourishing new ventures, the fish-reduction plants on the western coast of Vancouver Island and the Northern Mainland. The metal trades group, in which are included machine- shops, boiler-making, foundries, garages, etc., are up by a round million and a half, a circumstance for which one can suggest no other explanation than the general prosperity of the Province; and the same condition no doubt explains the satisfactory increases in other groups, such as laundries, cleaning and dyemg, manufacturing leather and fur goods, manufacturing jewellery, house-furnishing, and garment-making. The production of builders' materials makes another stride in step with the growth of building and contracting, and the pay-roll of the breweries and soft-drink manufacturers is also appreciably ahead. Where the Pay-roll is Lower. Of the industries which show a decreased pay-roll, the most conspicuous is coal-mining. The reduction of its pay-roll by over $600,000 may be due partly to the severe competition of oil-fuel in its various forms, and partly also to the extreme mildness of the winter of 1925-26, necessitating less than the norma! consumption of domestic coal. However, the first few months of the current year have witnessed a notable increase in coal production in the Province. There is again a decreased pay-roll in the explosives and chemicals group and a slight decrease in cigar and tobacco manufacturing. The reduction by over half a million in the pay-roll of the miscellaneous group is probably more apparent than real, as this group always embraces a number of operations which, by changing their character somewhat, become eligible for inclusion in one of the other groups. The wage payments for various public utilities in the Province show a reduction of nearly $100,000, and the explanation appears to be that in 1925 the returns from some of the operations, particularly in the Interior of the Province, included considerable payments for extension-work. The large companies in the Coast region nearly all paid larger totals under the head of wages in 1926 than in 1925. A comparison of the pay-roll in the various industries for the past three years is given in the following table:— Industry. 1924. No. of Firms report- ins. Total Pay-roll. 1925. No. of Firms reporting. Total ray-roll. 1926. No. of Blrms porting^ Total Pay-roll. Breweries Builders' materials Cigar and tobacco manufacture Coal-mining Coast snipping Contracting Explosives and chemicals Food products Garment-making House-furnishing Manufacturing jewellery Laundries, cleaning and dyeing Manufacturing leather and fur goods. Lumber industries Metal trades Metal-mining Miscellaneous Oil-refining Paint-manufacture Printing and publishing Pulp and paper mills Ship-building Smelting Street-railways, etc Manufacturing wood (N.E.S.) Totals 20 22 131 855 24 331 62 40 13 64 46 904 465 162 72 5 11 96 10 30 3 69 59 574,933 1,251,102 65,159 7,599,643 6,480,990 12,270,425 790,926 7,760,664 692,802 5-03,972 254,729 1,154,546 420,517 31,339,445 5,646,298 7,102,374 1,463,132 492,761 226,368 2,636,049 3,981,623 1,436,102 4,213,469 7,794,865 1,645,866 27 55 6 21 144 982 19 378 79 43 10 84 54 990 522 215 145 8 12 104 11 35 4 101 89 $107,798,771 36 4,138 607,0193 1,390,309 57,085 7,475,214 6,736,972 13,343,560 564,630 9,110,208 703,383 . 515,105 220,705 1,363,415 413,277 32,015,830 5,849,903 7,829,541 2,715,462 774,587 192,648 2,910,339 3,989,546 1,212,370 5,037,966 8,984,065 1,929,922 33 72 7 27 146 1,191 9 441 82 42 9 77 58 974 579 260 117 21 9 126 13 40 3 85 82 $115,943,238 601 4,521 777 1,632 55 6,847 8,515 15,046 468 10,294 883 646 236 1,408. 458. 34,826. 7,386. 8,600, 2,205, 1,178; 223. 3,279, 6,289, 1,835 5,275. 8,887, 2,137 ,755 68 ,946 45 722 32 ,756 57 ,239 41 ,488 07 ,600 30- ,610 51 ,661 63 ,404 44 ,981 78 ,574 44 ,889 0O ,351 73 ,692 84 887 09 ,618 67 ,387 30 ,448 47 ,828 06 ,325 87 ,435 17 ,709 00 ,913 34 .361 41 $129,420,599 55 F 14 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. ■4 o a CO H H ^ cj -O GO t- t- 0 as^ t- -^ M b CO CO o £ a as ft r- O O A X- F HJ.O& CmO 0<i-^ B2* g cj o 85 & +J ci >i S3 CJ O 5 oj o ;CDC0t-CC©OlCDThOl© -0©l'-t-rHG:01QOt-GOt-,1 Ol Ol L- tF 01 © IO T-i CO CO CO o !^ fc c c c s S c i-s i-= h> <J O r, '■ " - ■-■ +^ W S "3 '-■ CH p 8 B -s g'vB 3 .Sue S,» 8 2 9 « 3f 3J h 9 d « ^ „ ci dec: quo a c ' rt » J « J " ; Q r, *q r, *lj l-j 10©L-©©©C0©C0rHC0rHOrH©01©C0C0t-C0 10C0 C0©Tfl©©^0©©©'0t-l0 10O0lt-©rHrHC0OI©© TftrH COt-t-COrHt-Trl TflCOOlrHOlCOOOrHOlOl'HHrH © rH TM IO © t- r- > rC 4- I*" 0 r- a c a P 4 ■O rO ■a a 1 +J r* f> 3 - -v o a b > ^ ■ Ol0Mt0NOt-t-10MOC0NiMC:i-^c0c0OCil0 0: CO©C01:^(J0*^,-1©©T-,'>'l-~-l-CO©©OlCO©C0rHTfHCO Ol t- © CO t^ Ol CO 10 CO H N DO N CD M N rHrHlOOl fc-. t*i ^1 ■ rH !>} ^1 f>» t*l -H cd ci ' a d d d oj n r cd flj-j^rHpSflfl-H^fl h h ^ ft b b ■ cj oi oi d ti cj 3 3 P 3 3 3 c fl =: fl c c J 53 ffi CJ C3 )bhhb 3 w 4_) -rH & a 32 -9J a a S-S 10NH'*HHHI-CaC0H<C0(N'HI!:Xt-Tt<cClt-C!3-*H CO^L'CC^MCfiO.Hl-'b-WOCOlOOOt-CCOOOMt-O CO O CM IO IO hh O CO M CO: Ol IO CO fc- © IO H rH CO CO t*h CO Ol IO M 1— © 1 co" co" t(T t-T OJ B B o o oj co a « CJ ■ al 15.1 ' fl 0JOC<D"r^ CJ Ocjj-^^CJCJty'^CJ r)QO-«J02<!OrH»a!EQOO0!jSO £? ft S -2 £ a & _- ■ I f! a a i» R i t OJ O C3 qj I a a a a be ] = i O «H ^^ o 'O I cj bJj - cj - i cj « - c 5 5 .5 S' 8 ^ a 3 B S P « 2 a a E rJ B fl BJ 3 ® <U CD rH fl .2? o o o jj to . > 4_j 3 « CD 3 a « a c 5 !3 S B S h o pb h >-; Is a "^ ft CD ■S "2 a g %£ 3.3 S Cj rH CD ^fH^On fl «j >o ^5 - Jb 1 * ■ 1 - 5f 2 8.1 +J +J I +J qj t- p •3 B 3 3 B H Q 3 M Ph Ph 50 OJ M a REPORT OF THE DEPUTY MINISTER. 1926. F 15 Racial Origin of our Workers. The information given in the tables headed " Nationality of Workers " presents no striking contrasts with the corresponding figures for last year. The numbers are somewhat higher in nearly every instance, and the fact that some nationalities show a greater increase than others indicates the sources from which our additional supply of industrial labour is being drawn. As in other years, the largest share of our labour is supplied by native Canadians and natives of Great Britain, who, between them, represent rather more than two-thirds of our industrial workers. The numbers of Canadians and British accounted for in our returns are respectively 40,450 and 33,814, as against 39,033 and 33,601 respectively in 1925. It may be assumed that the increase in the Canadian element is largely made up of young men and women who have recently arrived at the working age. The Canadian percentage, which fell from 36.42 in 1924 to 35.68 in 1925, recovered nearly all this lost ground in 1926, going back to 36.39. On the other hand, the British percentage, which fell from 31.24 in 1924 to 31.15 in 1925, has a further drop to 30.42; the number of British male employees showing a slight actual decrease, which is more than made up by the larger number of females. Including together the native Canadians, British, natives of the United States and Australia, we find that English-speaking countries supplied 70.92 per cent, of our labour for 1926, the percentage in 1925 being 70.85, and in the two previous years 72.33 and 69.61. There was a slight increase in both the American and Australian figures. The Proportion or Asiatics. The Asiatic workers in our industries, as enumerated in our returns, increased from a percentage of 11.30 in 1925 to 11.56 in 1926. This increase represents a slight check to a reduction which had been going on, with only one interruption, every year since 1918, when 20.37 per cent, of our workers were of Asiatic origin. In 1919 this percentage fell to 18.35 and in 1920 to 16.64. At the time this change was attributed to the fact that large numbers of our ex-soldiers were returning and taking their places in the industrial field. The percentage of Oriental workers again fell, however, to 14.45 in 1921, but rose to 14.61 in 1922, only to drop to 13.85 in 1923, 11.97 in 1924, and 11.30 in 1925, so that, despite the slight increase in the past year, the proportion is decidedly smaller than in any of the eight previous years. The increase in the number of Asiatics is chiefly made up of Chinese, though Japanese, and particularly females of that country, figure more largely in the returns. The progressive decline in the number of Hindus, which has been going on over a number of years, is again in evidence. From the countries of Continental Europe there is a slightly reduced percentage, though the actual numbers are in most cases higher than in 1925. A reference to our last Annual Report shows that from 1924 to 1925 there was an increase in the percentage of Continental Europeans from 14.56 to 15.91. Part of this increase was lost in 1926, the percentage going down to 15.62. The principal increases are shown by Scandinavians, Russians and other Slavs, and Italians, and a slight decrease is shown by Austrians and in those from " other European countries." Dividing our industrial wTorkers into groups as above referred to, the proportions for the last four years are as follows:— 1923. 1924. 1925. 1926. Per Cent. 69.61 15.45 13.85 1.09 Per Cent. 72.33 14.56 11.97 1.14 Per Cent. 70.85 15.91 11.30 1.94 Per Cent. 70.92 15.62 11.56 1.90 100.00 100.00 100.0'O 100.00 Native Canadians and British Workers. Over a number of years there have always been certain industries in which native Canadians predominated over those of British birth, and others in which the positions were reversed. Thus, in 1926. native Canadians held the first place in lumbering, breweries, cigar and tobacco manufacturing, contracting, explosives and chemicals, the manufacture of food products, garment- making, metal trades, metal-mining, oil-refining, paint-manufacturing, printing and publishing, and the manufacturing of wood (N.E.S.). Natives of Great Britain were the most numerous in the production of builders' materials, coal-mining, Coast shipping, house-furnishing, jewellery- F 16 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. manufacture, laundries, cleaning and dyeing, manufacture of leather and fur goods, manufacture of pulp and paper, ship-building, smelting, public utilities, and the miscellaneous group. While native Canadians easily retained their priority in the lumbering group, their percentage of workers in that industry fell from 34.00 to 32.76, while the British percentage fell from 16.73 to 13.6S. The additional labour required by breweries has been recruited largely from the British element, but in the production of builders' materials the new employees consist mainly of Canadians. In Coast shipping a reduction in the number of native Canadians is almost exactly balanced by a British gain. In the manufacture of food products the Canadian gain was much greater than the British. In garment-making the number of male employees, Canadian and British, was more than doubled, although, compared' with 1925, the number of female workers showed a considerable falling-off. British workers supplied most of the extra help in the metal-mines, but in the new fish-reduction plants the employees were chiefly Canadian. Of the large number of new employees needed in the pulp and paper industry, the British furnished a much, larger proportion than the native Canadians, the latter increasing their number by only fifteen, whereas the British total went up by 375. There was also a greater British than Canadian gain in the ship-building group. The total of workers of Scandinavian birth went up from 8,473 to 9,056. In coal-mining there were 354, against 102 in 1925, but in Coast shipping the number was down. In the food products operations they supplied over 300 extra workers and about 100 more to the ship-building group. Something like 500 more Russians and Slavs are accounted for in our returns this year, the groups in which most of this increase occurred being contracting, lumbering, metal-mining, pulp and paper manufacturing, and smelting. An increase of 274 is shown in the number of Italians, and these have gone mostly into Coast shipping, the food products group, pulp and paper manufacturing, and smelting. Orientals and Fish-cannehies. The fact that our returns for 1926 show 1,395 more Asiatic workers than those for 1925 invites an explanation. More than this amount of increase is accounted for in the food products group alone. In this group our returns show 1,446 more Orientals employed than in 1925, and these again are accounted for chiefly by the fish- canneries, with 2,425 Oriental workers as compared with 1,586, an increase of 839. The figures for the two years, however, are not strictly comparable. In former years most of the Oriental contractors for the canneries have avoided making returns, but this year the Department has insisted upon their being made, and the inclusion of their figures has swelled the number of Oriental employees in this year's totals, whereas those similarly employed in previous years were not counted. In most other groups the number of Orientals was virtually stationary, or even showed a reduction. Thus, in the contracting group, there were 22 Chinese, no Hindus, and 8 Japanese, where in 1925 there were 93 Chinese, 13 Hindus, and 53 Japanese. In the lumbering group there was a slight increase. Weekly Wages, 1926, compared with 1925. The increases and decreases in weekly wages are shown in the following table:— Increases. Decreases. Builders' materials $0 60 Breweries $0 09 Coast shipping 1 38 Cigar and tobacco manufacturing.... 73 Contracting 83 Coal-mining 46 Explosives and chemicals 44 Pood products, manufacture of 05 Garment-making 38 Metal trades 21 House-furnishing 33 Miscellaneous trades and industries 77 Jewellery, manufacture of 1 63 Paint-manufacture 06 Laundries, cleaning and dyeing 1 70 Smelting 2 85 Manufacturing of leather and fur goods 22 Lumber industries 16 Metal-mining 53 Oil-refining 09 Printing and publishing 64 Pulp and paper manufacturing 09 Ship-building 1 02 Street-railways, gas, water, power, telephones, etc 1 57 Manufacturing wood (N.E.S.) 1 34 ' ■ It will be seen that in seventeen of the groups there was an average increase in weekly wages, and in eight groups an average decrease. Only male workers over 18 years of age are included in this calculation, the wages of female employees being dealt with in another section of the report. The comparison of wages for the two years, it may be noted, is not affected by any substantial difference as to hours of labour, and the 1926 returns in the lumbering industry nearly all relate to a period before the order under the " Male Minimum Wage Act" went into effect. Changes in the Weekly Rates. As a result of disputes which developed during the year, large numbers of carpenters, shipyard-workers, and electrical workers secured an advance of wages, which explains the higher average wage in the contracting, ship-building, and public utilities groups. As to the increased wage average in the Coast shipping group, it should be stated that the practice of including an estimate for board, in addition to money payments, in the amounts entered as wages is now more prevalent with shipping employers. The largest increase of all is shown in the laundries, cleaning and dyeing group, and the average wage in the small industry of jewellery-manufacture, with another increase following that of last year, goes up to its highest point in several years. The most marked change in the weekly average of any group is the reduction of $2.85 a week in smelting. While the average for this group still remains as high as $32.90 a week, it seems singular at first sight that such a reduction in wages should synchronize with marked expansion of the industry, but the explanation appears to be an arrangement under which wages rise and fall with the fluctuation in the price of metals. Low-paid Workers fewer in Number. The total of adult male wage-earners accounted for, 100,303, compares with a total of 95,441 for 1925, the increase being at the rate of 5.09 per cent. In last year's report the Department called attention to the fact that there was a larger number of wage-earners receiving under $18 a week, or less than $3 a day. The 1926 figures, however, tell a very different story, the number of these wage-earners falling from 10,803 to 6,978, or a reduction of 35.13 per cent. Wage- earners receiving from $18 to $30 a week, or from $3 to $5 a day, have grown in number from 51,370 to 58,758, a rise of 14.38 per cent., and those receiving $30 a week or over have increased by 3.90 per eent.—from 33,268 to 34,567. It is particularly gratifying to note a considerable reduction in the number of very low-paid workers. Thus, there were, in 1925, 49 male workers receiving under $6 a week, and in 1926 only 2. In 1925 there were 45 receiving from $6 to $7 a week, and in 1926 only 3; and other changes have been as follows:— $7 to $7.99 a week, reduced from 37 to 12; $8 to $8.99 a week, reduced from 158 to 53; $9 to $9.99 a week, reduced from 339 to 54; $10 to $10.99 a week, reduced from 297 to 97; $11 to $11.99 a week, reduced from 382 to 204; $12 to $12.99 a week, reduced from 1,249 to 359. These changes appear to have been fairly general, affecting most of the industrial groups. At the other end of the scale there were 2,446 wage-earners receiving $50 a week or over in 1926, as against 2,067 in 1925. In this section there were notable increases in the contracting, laundries, metal trades, miscellaneous, oil-refining, printing and publishing, pulp and paper, ship-building, and wood-manufacturing (N.E.S.). The changes in the prevailing industrial wages in the Province during the past nine years are shown in the diagram on pages 18 and 19. F 18 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. Chart showing Fluctuation in Industrial Wages. 3Ctt 25% 15% IO% 5% I9IQ 1919 1920 192! ■ 1 T|_ | 1 1 1 1 j: __ 1 1 1 1 1 1 BT Cy n;T^©CO©Tf«rHTrtt- 6fi OJ©rHt--rH05L-oq© H Cl H H H , I a & Hid©id©'id©!2©' r-i OJ Ol OS CO Tfi ^ IO ^K -OOOO *M 0> £ 4-> +J 4-i +J *S ■ "o p£p c ©©©TPTtHCCCO© © M| H CD O N r| Ol CD Ol oi © co rHCDid id oi oi tH OJ Ol rH rH OOOOO ooC IO © IO © IO © IO is£ s3£c 'Cs IO Ci OOOO ^ GO CO . u.fl d io d id d ^ t oi n n M ^ ^i w ° ► a ,00000005 ,^4-)^-)4-'4^4->+J C3 !noioOfiowo ■HClWflM^^IS CO rH CO IO O IO GO O CO 4 n^N nj'ri 4 HH OOO oo o ofl io o io o io o Cl..' >—' 1..' ._. ,..' ^ rH <M CN( CO CO Average Full Week's Wages in each Industry (Adult Males only). Industry. 1919-20. 1921. 1922. 1923. 1924. 1925. 1926. Breweries Builders' materials Cigar and tobacco manufacturing Coal-mining Coast shipping Contracting Explosives and chemicals, etc Food products, manufacture of Garment-making House-fumishing Jewellery, manufacture of Laundries, cleaning and dyeing Manufacturing leather and fur goods Lumber industries Metal trades Metal-mining Miscellaneous trades and industries... Oil-refining! Paint-manufacture Printing and publishing Pulp and paper manufacturing Ship-building Smelting Street-railways, gas, water, power, telephones, etc Manufacturing of wood (N.E.S.).... $28 27 31 65 32 48 37 64 26 81 31 61 31 53 29 72 36 14 28 79 34 20 28 42 28 81 32 47 31 14 35 96 28 24 28 52 2T 23 35 97 35 18 28 11 36 44 32 81 27 46 $28 67 28 82 23 97 32 83 28 45 28 82 26 34 25 67 29 38 26 00 33 54 27 32 29 85 24.70 30 33 32 00 28 40 35 73 24 14 36 30 25 41 29 87 31 98 29 55 23 48 $26 62 25 61 25 30 35 96 25 43 28 06 26 13 27 39 27 28 24 23 30 90 26 11 26 67 25 29 27 73 30 97 25 91 32 63 21 79 36 23 25 88 25 55 29 91 30 41 23 12 $26 55 26 83 23 32 36 96 28 36 28 31 26 63 25 61 29 85 24 74 32 65 25 07 26 73 25 92 28 04 32 21 25 83 32 71 23 13 38 09 27 90 25 88 34 16 29 42 23 33 $26 51 26 10 24 07 35 73 29 59 27 98 26 86 25 94 28 38 25 53 31 26 25 70 26 44 26 15 26 37 31 84 25 85 33 06 24 69 39 52 27 69 26 79 35 14 29 84 22 55 $27 41 26 78 22 97 30 52 28 21 28 23 23 35 26 25 29 l'O 25 34 35 06 25 30 26 68 25 40 28 13 32 81 25 38 31 39 22 00 37 61 27 38 27 72 35 75 27 69 23 92 $27 32 27 38 22 24 30 06 29 59 29 06 23 79 26 20 29 48 25 67 36 69 27 00 26 90 25 56 27 92 33 34 24 61 31 48 21 94 38 25 27 47 28 74 32 90 29 26 25 26 REPORT OF THE DEPUTY MINISTER, 1926. F 19 Chart showing Fluctuation in Industrial Wages—Continued. 132 2 1923 1 934 1325 30% 25% 20% 15% IO% i ■ . 7T 1 u 1 1 1 I I ± 1 1 1 1 It _ 1 1 1 1 1 CD IT o CO o ^ Cl fl r- C- (M tH ClJ U p. : O a i M Sio o IO db tt o to o rH fr 0 « ■*! th IQ rH CD rH Ci CD O © CO a co CO Ci © cq co oo rH <N '"I '"I o ^ rH N ndid H N IN © us CO CO ©' id d IO j?50 t, O O O £> ^ rH Cl W o o o o g oooooood -M +J -*-> +J -H 4-> +J d ^ IO O IO i G rH <M <M < P &&- tjOOOOOOOfl 3 k3 O-W O IOO lOO £ H N <N W « "* ^lO P »■ ©©COrHt-OrHCOCD ffiCOt-MWNN^rj TriididcJco N ^ W « rH W rH tH rH O O O O O O a 30% 15% IO?i 1926 30% 25% 20SS IS/4 IO% 5*. - 1 1 1 B 1 1 <i> wt-co^ot-iro'HHCT) M GjCJG5C0C:CD'*rHl- hm £cq -^ co oi co o id cq c-tH S rllNH Hri CD Or-H " fc a , P-< Hiddiddiddidw H a W CO f0 ^ ^ IO i?K t.0000000 feis J^OOOOIOOO h n« eo oo -^ ^ »io Average Wage in Industries. For several years past it has been the practice of the Department to make a comparison of the wages prevalent in the different years, the average wage of adult males in each industry being worked out on the basis of the classified weekly wage-rates. This practice has again been followed for 1926. In our questionnaire we invite employers to give the number of wage-earners within specified limits, but it would not be practicable for us to request exact figures. Accordingly, to take one example, the 10,776 wage-earners who received " $24 to $24.99 weekly" would no doubt include some receiving $24, some $24.25, some $24.50, some $24.75, etc.; while the 13,713 who received " $30 to $34.99 " would be made up, in unknown proportions, of those receiving $30, $31, $32, $33, $34, etc. For the purpose of making an average it has been assumed, where steps of $1 were given in our table, that " $24 to $24.99," for example, meant $24.50; and, where steps of $5 were given, that "$30 to $34.99," for example, meant $32. Lest these assumptions should be thought to err on the side of generosity, " $50 and over " was taken in all cases to mean $50 only. As the same method of computation has been followed for each of the years mentioned in the table on page 18, the comparisons may be accepted as entirely fair. The averages are calculated from figures supplied by each firm for the week of employment of the greatest number, and represent the pay for a full week's work. Actual weekly earnings in many cases at certain periods of the year would be lower owing to stoppages or broken time. On the other hand, many employees would receive larger amounts at periods F 20 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. when overtime was being worked. By pooling the figures for all the above industries, and taking into account the respective numbers employed in them, a general average wage for each year is arrived at:— Average Industrial Wage for all Adult Male Wage-earners as computed from, Returns. 1918 $27 97 1923 28 05 1919 29 11 1924 28 39 1920 31 51 1925 27 82 1921 27 62 1926 27 99 1922 27 29 The lowering of the weekly average between 1924 and 1925 was explained by the reduction in the working-hours of many employees, resulting from the operation of the " Hours of Work Act." Firms with a Pay-roll over $100,000. The industrial firms in the Province whose annual pay-roll exceeds $100,000 have again been numbered. The first year in which such record was compiled was 1921, when there were 118 of these large operations. In 1922 there were 164, and in 1923 there were 200. Then there was a fall in 1924 to 196, this also being the total for 1925. For the year 1926, however, there were 230 firms with a pay-roll of $100,000 or more. Eleven of these had a pay-roll of over $1,000,000, three of them being between $2,000,000 and $3,000,000, one between $3,000,000 and $4,000,000, and one over $4,000,000. This list does not include any public authorities, Dominion, Provincial, or municipal; nor does it take account of transcontinental railways, wholesale and retail merchants, and deep-sea shipping. The lumbering industry, of course, has the highest number of these large firms, 102, compared with 89 in the previous year. The food products group comes next, with 21, and there were 15 in contracting, 13 in Coast shipping, 12 in coal-mining, 11 in metal-mining, 10 in metal trades, 8 in ship-building, 7 in public utilities, 4 each in laundries, cleaning and dyeing, printing and publishing, and pulp and paper manufacturing, 3 each in builders' materials and manufacture of wood (N.E.S.), 2 each in garment-making, oil-refining, and smelting, and 1 each in breweries, explosives and chemicals, house-furnishing, jewellery-manufacture, manufacture of leather and fur goods, paint-manufacture, and the miscellaneous group. The Fluctuation of Employment. In the matter of fluctuation of employment, the movement was not unlike that of the previous year. The low point was touched in January, for which month 70,030 workers (male and female) were accounted for in our returns. Each succeeding month witnessed a decided advance until midsummer, but there was a slight falling-off between July and August, and then in September came the highest figures for the year, with a total of 89,912. For the next three months the figures take rather a steep downward course, the month of December finding 73,3S3 persons in industrial employment, or 3,353 more at the end of the year than the beginning. In the past eight years the peak of employment has been reached three times in July, three times in August, once (in 1925) in October, and, for the year now under review, in September. Of the twenty-five groups of industries, eighteen witnessed the peak of employment in the second half of the year. With two industries, cigar-manufacturing and coal-mining, January was the month of greatest employment. Two others were at the peak in March, one in May, two in June, four in July, five in August, three in September, two in October, three in November, and one in December. Lumbering Most Active in May. The year 1926 was the third year in succession in which the lumbering industry arrived at its greatest activity during the month of May. The peak of employment in this industry seems now to be two or three months earlier than in former years. In all likelihood it is a case of meeting the requirements of the industry's more distant markets, which naturally wish to receive their supplies during the best building months of the year, and which are annually increasing their demands for British Columbia's lumber. An industry which was going very strongly at the end of the year was that of smelting. A curious feature of tbe returns for Coast shipping is the circumstance that the year's largest volume of employment was recorded in the month of March. This seems to have been an unusually busy time on the water-front, where activities were somewhat curtailed in succeeding months owing to the diversion of shipping caused by the British coal strike. REPORT OF THE DEPUTY MINISTER, 192G. P 21 CONTENTS OF TABLES. With regard to the tables immediately following, the general headings of such tables are given hereunder and the trades included under each heading :— No. 1. Breweries.—Under this heading are tabulated mineral- water manufacturers and breweries. No. 2. Builders' Material, etc.—Includes manufacturers of brick, cut stone, Portland cement, lime, tiles, and firebrick ; also stone-quarries and dealers in sand, gravel, and crushed rock. No. 3. Cigar and Tobacco Manufacturing.—Comprises only these trades. No. 4. Coal-mining.—This group contains also the operation of coke-ovens and coal-shipping docks. No. 5. Coast Shipping. —Includes the operation of passenger and freight steamships, stevedoring, tug-boats (both general and towing logs), and river navigation, but does not include the operation of vessels in the offshore trade. No. 6. Contracting. — Here are grouped building trades, painting and paper-hanging, plumbing and heating, and sheet- metal works ; also contractors for industrial plants, structural-steel fabricating, railway-fencing, sewers, pipes and valves, dredging, pile-driving, wharves, bridges, roofing, and automatic sprinklers. Firms making return as building contractors, constructors of dry-kilns, refuse-burners, mills, brick-furnaces, electrical contractors, hardwood and sanitary floor-layers, and bricklayers. No. 7. -Explosives, Chemicals, etc. — Includes the manufacture of these commodities, also the manufacture of fertilizers. No. 8. flood Products, Manufacture of.—This table includes bakeries, biscuit-manufacturers, cereal-milling, creameries and dairies, fish, fruit and vegetable canneries, packinghouses, curers of ham and bacon, blending of teas; also manufacturers of candy, macaroni, syrup, jams, pickles, sauces, coffee, catsup, and spices. No. 9. Garment-making.—Includes tailoring, the manufacture of buttons, pleating, embroidery, etc., jute and cotton goods, shirts, overalls, knitted goods, millinery and ladies' outfitting. No. 10. House Furnishings.—Comprises firms engaged in the manufacture of furniture, beds and bedding, springs and mattresses, upholstering, and carpet and linoleum laying. No. 11. Jewellery, Manufacture of.—Includes the repair as well as manufacturing of jewellery and watches and optical instruments (where same is carried on in a factory). No. 12. Laundries, Cleaning and Dyeing.—Includes these industries only. No. 13. Leather and Fur Goods, Manufacture of.— Comprises manufacturers of boots, shoes, gloves, harness, trunks, and leather Indian novelties; also furriers and hide and wool - dealers. No, 14. Lumber Industries.—In this group are included logging, logging-railways, planing-m ills, sawmills, shingle-mills, and lumber-dealers. No. 15. Metal Trades.—This group includes marine blacksmith- ing, oxy-acetylene welding, boiler-making, iron and brass foundries, garages, vulcanizing, machine and pattern shops, galvanizing and electroplating; also manufacturers of handsaws, nuts and bolts, pumps, marine engines, mill machinery, and repairs to same. No. 16. Metal-mining.—Includes all metalliferous mining. No. 17. Miscellaneous Trades and Industries.—Here are grouped returns from trades which are not numerous enough to warrant special categories. They include manufacturers of soap, sails, tents, awning, brooms, paper boxes, and tin containers ; also cold storage. No. 18. Oil-refining.— Includes also the manufacture of fish-oil. No. 19. Paint-manufacturing.—Includes also white-lead corro- ders and varnish-manufacturers. No. 20. Printing and Publishing.—This table includes the printing and publishing of newspapers, job-printing, paper- ruling, bookbinding, engraving and embossing, blue-printing, lithographing, draughting and map-publishing, and the manufacture of rubber and metal stamps. No. 21. Pulp and Paper Manufacturing.—Comprises only firms engaged in that industry. No. 22. Ship-building.— Comprises both wooden- and steel-ship building and repairing, also construction and repair of small craft, and salvage. No. 23. Smelting. —Comprises firms engaged exclusively in that industry. No. 24. Street-railways, Gas, Water, Power, etc.—This group comprises generating and distribution of light and power, manufacture of gas, dissolved acetylene and oxygen ; also includes gasolene lighting and heating devices, and supply of water to municipalities. No. 25. Wood, Manufacture of (not elsewhere specified).—Here are grouped manufacturers of sash and doors, interior finish, water-proof ply-wood, veneer, store and office fittings, barrels, boxes, ships' knees, ready-cut buildings, wooden pipes and tanks, wooden pulleys, wooden toys, caskets, coffins, and undertakers' supplies. Table No. 1. BREWERIES. Returns covering S3 Firms. Salary and Wage Payments, 1926. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers .$191,188 53 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 66,919 06 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 519,648 09 Total $777,755 68 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males. Females. Month. Males. Females. January. February March ... April May June 363 377 399 406 440 421 15 16 17 19 30 21 July August.... September October November December. 462 420 392 358 370 376 25 28 29 29 39 35 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). For Week of Employment of Greatest Number. Under $ 6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 13.00 14.00 15.00 16.00 17.00 18.00 19.00 20.00 21.00 22.00 23.00 24.00 25.00 2G.00 27.00 28.00 29.00 30.00 35.00 40.00 45.00 50.00 56.00 toS 6.99. to 7.99. to 8.99. to 9.99. to 10.99. to 11.99. to 12.99. to 13.99. to 14.99. to 15.99. to 16.99. to 17.99. to 18.99. to 19.99. to 20.99. to 21.99. to 22.99. to 23.99. to 24.99. to 25.99. to 26.99. to 27.99. to 28.99. to 29.99. 31.99. 39.99. 44.99. 49.99. and over. 18 Yrs. Under & over. 18 Yrs. 3 11 1 17 16 21 3 38 29 10 120 32 7 76 25 12 9 18 Yrs. Under & over. 18 Yrs. Apprentices. Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland., Great Britain and Ireland... United States of America... Australasia Belgium France Italy Germany Austria and Hungary Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc. Russia or other Slav country Other European country China Hindustan Japan All other countries Nationality not stated 238 207 1 21 5 4 11 Females. 27 11 1 F 22 DEPARTMENT OP LABOUR. Table No. 2. BUILDERS' MATERIAL—PRODUCERS OF. Returns covering 72 Firms. Salary and Wage Payments, 1926. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $ 203,576 10 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 108,150 50 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 1,341,219 85 Total 81,652,946 45 Average Number of Wage-earners. January... February.. March April May June Males. Females. 847 876 957 1,136 1,195 1,185 July August... September October... November December. 1,196 1,142 1,123 1,077 1,007 933 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). For Week of Males. Femalrs. Apprentices. Employment of Greatest Number. 18 Yrs. & over. Under 18 Yrs. 18 Yrs. & over. Under 18 Yrs. Under $6.00 $6.00 to $ 6.99... 7.00 to 7.99 .. 1 1 8.00 to 8.99... 1 9.00 to 9.99.. 10.00 to 10.99 .. 2 2 2 10 1 11.00 to 11.99... 1 12.00 to 12 99. 13.00 to 13.99... 1 14.00 to 14.99... 45 19 62 13 40 71 51 151 104 29 165 21 77 78 29 30 138 60 93 56 54 2 2 15.00 to 15.99 3 16.00 to 16.99... 17.00to 17.99... 18.00 to 18.99... 20.00 to 20.99... 22.00 to 22.99... 24.00 to 24.99... 27.00 to 27.99... 1 28.00 to 28.99... 29.00 to 29.99. 30.00 to 34 99... Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland Great Britain and Ireland United States of America Australasia Belgium France Italy Germany Austria and Hungary Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc Russia or other Slav Country Other European country China Hindustan Japan All other countries Nationality not stated Males. Females. 395 484 42 2 1 5 79 4 12 54 38 32 265 6 4 6 2 Table No. 3. CIGAR AND TOBACCO MANUFACTURING. Returns covering 7 Firms. Salary and Wage Payments, 1926. Officers, Superintendents', and Managers $ 17,326 83 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 10,438 28 Wage-earners (including piece-workers).. 27,957 21 Total $ 65,722 32 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males. Females. Month. Males. Females. January . February March ... April May June 20 17 17 14 15 12 27 25 25 25 23 25 July August.... September October ... November. December . 13 1-2 13 15 15 18 25 29 24 25 24 27 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). For Week of Employment of Greatest Number. Under t 6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 IS. 00 14.00 15.00 16.00 17.00 18.00 19.00 20.00 21.00 22.00 23.00 24.00 25.00 26.00 27.00 28.00 29.00 30.00 35.00 40.00 45.00 50.00 10.99.. 11.99.. 12.99.. 13.99.. 14.99.. 15.99.. 16.99.. 17.99.. 18.99.. 19.99. 20.99.. 21.99.. 22.99.. 23.99.. 24.99.. 2599.. 26.99.. 27.99.. 28.99.. 29.99.. 34.99.. 39.99.. 44.99.. 49.99.. Males. 18 Yrs. & over. Under 18 Yrs. 18 Yrs. Under over. 18 Yrs. 1 11 9 1 3 1 2 Apprentices. Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland.. Great Britain and Ireland... United States of America... Australasia Belgium France Italy. Germany Austria and Hungary Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finlind, etc. Russia or other Slav country Other European country China Hindustan Japan All other countries Nationality not stated Males. Females. 11 3 13 2 REPORT OP THE DEPUTY MINISTER, 192G. P 23 Table No. 4. COAL-MINING. Returns covering 27 Firms. Table No. 5. COAST SHIPPING. Returns covering 146 Firms. Salary and Wage Payments, Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc Total 1926. $ 346,472 53 183,291 76 0,317,992 28 Salary and Wage Payments, 1926. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers f 757,879 69 . ,$6,847,756 57 Total $8,515,239 41 Average Number of Wage-earners. Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males . Females. Month. Males. Females. Month. Males. F'emales. Month. Males. Females, 4,86f 4,78£ 4,64£ 4,21! 4,27; 4,35" September . October... November... December... 4,349 4,449 4,501 4,567 4,830 4,758 January.... February... March June 6,204 6,196 6,784 6,710 6,363 6,431 13 15 15 16 18 25 September.. November.. December .. 6,496 6,429 6,406 6,824 6,636 6,0S3 26 February.... 26 20 April 17 16 17 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). For Week of Males. Females. Apprentices. For Week of Employment of Greatest Number. t Males. Females. Apprentices. Employment of Greatest Number. 18 Yrs. & over. Under 18 Yrs. 18 Yrs. & over. Under 18 Yrs. 8 Yrs. over. Under 18 Yrs. 18 Yrs. & over. Under 18 Yrs. $ 6.00 to $ 6 7.00 to 7. 8.00 to 8. 9.00 to 9. 10.00 to 10. 11.00 to 11. 19 )9. 16 t 6.00 to $ 6 7.00 to 7 8.on fcm R 99 99.. 1 7 )9 3 8 26 7 34 27 3 18 12 1 19 6 2 15 3 99.. 20 22 1 100 11 3 5 198 138 194 123 169 51 236 312 225 714 410 242 171 265 44 988 843 639 220 260 )9... 9.00 to 9.99.. 10.00 to 10.99.. ll.OOto 11.99.. 12.00 to 12.99.. 13.00 to 13.99.. 14.00 to 14.99.. 16.00 to 15.99.. 16.00 to 16.99.. 17.00 to 17.99.. 18.00 to 18.99.. 19.00 to 19.99.. •20.00 to 20.99.. 21.00 to 21.99.. 22.00 to 22.99.. 23.00 to 23.99.. 24.00 to 24.99 . 25.00 to 25.99.. 26.00 to 26.99.. 27.00 to 27.99.. 28.00 to 28.99.. 29.00 to 29.99.. 30.00 to 34.99.. 35.00 to 39.99.. 40.00 to 44.99.. 45.00 to 49.99.. 50.00 and over.. )9. 1 4 8 )9... 19. on to 12 19 . 34 11 97 38 23 28 97 58 99 109 62 131 668 401 73 367 392 116 1,123 510 316 159 155 2 13.00 to 13.99... 14.00 to 14.99 2 15.00 to 15.99... 16.00 to 16.98... 17.00 to 17.99. 18.00 to 18.99... 2 13 19.00 to 19.99. . 20.00 to 20 99. . 21.00 to 21.99... 1 22.00 to 22.99... 23.00 to 23.99. 24.00 to 24.99. 2 1 25.00 to 25.99 .. 3 1 27.00 to 27.99... 29.00 to 28 99. 29.00 to 29.99... 4 30.00 to 34.99. 35.00 to 39.99... 1 1 40.00 to 44.99.. 45.00 to 49.99... Nationality of Employees. Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Males. Females. Country of Origin. Males. Females. 770 2,540 82 1 50 19 38.S 20 73 364 108 89 457 2,628 3,616 211 48 8 18 111 13 15 263 59 4 422 10 Great Britain and Ii United States of An Great Britain and Ir United States of Am 8 Italy Italy. Austria and Hungar Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc. Other European con 63 1 142 79 18 196 All other countries All other countries ed te d P 24 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. TABLE NO. 6. CONTRACTING. Returns covering 1,191 Firms. Salary and Wage Payments, 1926. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $ 1,957,058 62 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 1,425,515 46 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 11,663,913 99 Total $15,046,488 07 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males. Females. Month. Males. Females. February.... May June 7,036 7,407 8,325 9,154 9,359 9,824 44 44 44 45 49 64 July September . October November.. December... 10,226 10,666 10.20S 9,414 8,488 7,249 72 73 61 60 57 56 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). For Week of Males. Females. Apprentices. Employment of Greatest Number. 18 Yrs. & over. Under 18 Yrs. 18 Yrs. & over. Under 18 Yrs. 1 9 10 12 14 15 20 6 8 1 7 9 4 6 5 2 1 3 3 1 IS 23 7.00 to 7.99... 1 10 5 12 10 37 13 14 89 56 314 86 377 413 659 1,159 1,236 3,143 430 510 804 425 130 1,167 2,188 1.276 461 . 376 16 8.00 to 8.99... 23 9 00 to 9.99... 10 10.00 to 10.99... 24 11.00 to 11.99... 12.00 to 12.99... 13.00 to 13.99... 3 1 17 30 4 14.00to 14.99... 15.00 to 15.99... 16.00 to 16.99... 17.00 to 17.99... 18.00 to 18.99... 19.00 to 19.99. . 1 10 2 11 12 1 8 10 7 6 1 20.00 to 20.99... 21.00 to 21.99... 22.00 to 22.99... 23.00 to 23.99... 8 2 6 7 1 4 1 1 2 6 4 4 24.00 to 24.99... 25.00 to 25.99... 26.00 to 26.99... 27.00 to 27.99... 28.00 to 28 99... 29.00 to 29.99... 2 1 1 30.00 to 34.99... 35.00 to 39.99... 2 1 40.00 to 44.99. . 45.00 to 49.99... Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland Great Britain and Ireland United States of America Australasia Belgium , France Italy Germany Austria and Hungary Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc., Russia or other Slav country Other European country China Hindustan Japan , All other countries Nationality not stated Males. 8,097 5,656 498 47 19 59 333 37 71 947 389 69 22 8 1 611 37 22 1 Table No. 7. EXPLOSIVES, CHEMICALS, ETC. Returns covering 9 Firms. Salary and Wage Payments, 1926. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $ 69,849 25 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 110,039 17 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 288,711 88 Total $468,600 30 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males. Females, January . February March... April May June 153 161 196 236 321 335 Month. Males. Females, July August September.. October November .. December .. 355 364 354 324 192 146 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). For Week of Employment of Greatest Number. Under $ 6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 13.00 14.00 15.00 16.00 17.00 18.00 19.00 20.00 21.00 22.00 23.00 24.00 25.00 26.00 27.00 28.00 29.00 30.00 35.00 40.00 45.00 50.00 $6.00 to $ 6.99. to 7.99 to 8.99. to to to to 10.99. 11.99. 12.99 13.99. 14.99. 15.99. 16.99. 17.99 18.99. 19.99. 20.99. 21.99. 22.99. 23.99. 24.99. 25.99. 26.99 27.99. 28.99. 29.99. 34.99. 39.99. 44.99. 49.99. Males. 18 Yrs. & over. 1 1 53 9 8 18 16 39 34 13 11 15 28 81 9 21 5 14 Under 18 Yrs. Females. 18 Yrs. Under 18 Yrs. Apprentices. Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland Great Britain and Ireland United States of America Australasia Belgium France Italy Germany Austria and Hungary Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc. Russia or other Slav country Other European country China Hindustan Japan All other countries Nationality not stated 115 97 4 1 14 1 REPORT OP THE DEPUTY MINISTER, 1926. P 25 Table No. 8. FOOD PRODUCTS—MANUFACTURE OF. Returns covering 441 Firms. Salary and Wage Payments, 1926. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $ 1,301,107 49 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 1,174,185 78 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 7,819,317 24 Total $10,294,610 51 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males. Females. Month. Males. Females January f^ebruary March April May June 3,301 3,262 3,959 4,629 5,044 6,542 721 680 662 717 850 2,029 July August September October November. December .. 7,575 7,938 8,217 6,033 4,982 3,909 2,903 3,252 2,935 2,231 1,380 846 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). For Week of Employment of Greatest Number. Under $ e.oo 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 13.00 14.00 15.00 16.00 17.00 18.00 19.00 20.00 21.00 22.00 23.00 24.00 25.00 26.00 27.00 28.00 29.00 30.00 35.00 40.00 45.00 50.00 00 . to $ 6.' 7.99. 9.99. 10.99. 11.99. 12.99. 13.99. 14.99. 15.99. 16.99. 17.99. 18.99. to 19.99. to 20.99. 21.99. 22.99. 23.99. 24.99. 25.99. 26.99. 27.99. 28.99. 29.99. 34.99. 39.99. 44.99. 49.99. and over . 18 Yrs. & over. 2 2 6 5 33 27 58 164 117 225 357 878 497 347 484 350 520 657 236 461 258 177 1,112 659 259 97 95 Under 18 Yrs. 11 19 9 12 8 16 24 39 11 28 30 11 11 10 7 1 1 3 9 18 Yrs. Under * over. 18 Yrs. 16 14 158 135 67 25 63 263 537 609 334 362 158 131 111 104 151 62 28 80 48 24 24 8 12 35 12 3 15 16 33 28 39 36 27 75 159 37 14 4 8 8 2 3 Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland Great Britain and Ireland United States of America Australasia Belgium France Italy Germany Austria and Hungary Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc. Russia or other Slav country Other European country China Hindustan Japan All other countries Nationality not stated 1,518 !,512 165 19 14 13 66 32 59 647 43 34 !,068 8 610 14 227 Apprentices. 20 2 7 2,173 921 119 3 4 20 114 45 66 66 67 16 214 2 123 Table No. 9 GARMENT-MAKING. Returns covering 82 Firms. Salary and Wage Payments, 1926. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $15S,520 12 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 108,793 63 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 616,347 88 Total $883,661 63 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males. Females. Month. Males. Females. January. February March... April May June .... 400 420 423 391 235 261 281 281 286 272 July August.... September October ... November. December . 384 407 419 446 407 338 267 295 313 317 299 267 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). For Week of Employment of Greatest Number. Under $ 6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 13.00 14.00 15.00 16.00 ■ 17.00 18.00 19.00 20.00 21.00 22.00 23.00 24.00 25.00 26.00 27.00 28.00 29.00 30.00 35.00 40.00 45.00 60.00 $6.00 to 99. 7.99. 8.99. 9.99. 10.99. 11.99. 12.99. 13.99. 14.99. 15.99. 16.99. 17.99. 18.99. 19.99. 20.99. 21.99. 22.99 23.99! 24.99. 25.99. 26.99. 27.99. 28.99 29.99. 34.99. 39.99. 44.99. 49.99. and over. 18 Yrs. Under & over. 18 Yrs. 1 3 .... 4 6 3 2 13 5 3 8 7 11 7 1 14 2 10 1 1 23 40 24 18 Yrs. Under & over. 18 Yrs. 10 28 102 67 40 33 45 15 28 10 11 6 2 18 9 3 1 1 1 1 10 1 11 4 6 5 1 Apprentices. 16 1 Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland Great Britain and Ireland United States of America Australasia Belgium France Italy Germany Austria and Hungary Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc. Russia or other Slav country Other European country China .. Hi ndustan Japan All other countries Nationalitv not stated 198 149 5 1 2 2 11 17 1 17 8 22 150 133 12 P 26 DEPARTMENT OP LABOUR. Table No. 10. HOUSE FURNISHINGS MANUFACTURING OF. Returns covering 4® Firms. Salary and Wage Payments, 1926. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $106,425 20 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 76,420 65 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 463,558 59 Total $646,404 44 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males. Females. Month. Males. Females. February.... April May June 349 346 352 350 363 373 37 40 39 44 45 43 July August.... September.. October .... November.. December... 374 373 384 397 402 400 40 41 45 47 49 47 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). For Week of Males. Females. Apprentices. Employment of Greatest Number. 18 Yrs. & over. Under 18 Yrs. 18 Yrs. &over. Under 18 Yrs. Under $6.00 1 1 $ 6.00 to $ 6.99... 1 7 00 to 7.99... 1 1 4 2 1 2 6 2 18 "3 " 1 1 6 8.00 to 8.99... 9.00 to 9.99... 3 10.00 to 10.99... 11.00 to 11.99... 12.00 to 12.99... 1 4 5 7 2 6 7 3 8 1 2 8 13.00 to 13.99... 14.00 to 14.99... 6 6 11 14 26 4 56 9 13 22 3 15 19 22 7 23 7 62 32 9 1 1 2 15.00 to 15.99. 16.00 to 16.99... 17.00 to 17.99. 1 18.00 to 18.99 20.00 to 20.99... 21.00 to 21.99...| 22 00 to 22.99... 1 1 23.00 to 23.99... 25 00 to 25.99. .. 27.00 to 27.99... 29.00 to 29.99... 35.00 to 39.99... 40.00 to 44 99... 45.00 to 49.99. Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland Great Britain and Ireland United States of America Australasia Belgium France Italy Germany Austria and Hungary Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc. Russia or other Slav country Other European country China Hindustan Japan All other countries Nationality not stated Males. Females. 184 224 5 2 10 4 2 18 30 Table No. 11. JEWELLERY—MANUFACTURING OF. Returns covering 9 Firms. Salary and Wage Payments, 1926. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $ 31,280 00 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 95,154 50 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 110,547 28 Total $236,981 78 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males. Females. Month. Males. Females. January February... March April May.. June 67 67 July August September.. October November.. December... 65 69 71 71 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). For Week of Employment of Greatest Number. Under $ 6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 13.00 14.00 15.00 16.00 17.00 18.00 19.00 20.00 21.00 22.00 23.00 24.00 25.00 26.00 27.00 28.00 29.00 30.00 35.00 40.00 45.00 50.00 $6.00.. to $ 6.: 7.99.. 8.99.. 9.99.. 10.99.. 11.99.. 12.99.. 13.99.. 14.99.. 15.99.. 16.99.. 17.99.. 18.99.. 19.99.. 20.99.. 21.99.. 22.99.. 23.99.. 24.99.. 25.99.. 26.99.. 27.99.. 28.99.. 29.99.. 34.99.. 39.99.. 44.99 49.99 and over . 18 Yrs. Under & over. 18 Yrs. 13 12 11 3 10 18 Yrs. Under & over. 18 Yrs. Apprentices. Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland. Great Britain and Ireland... United States of America... Australasia Belgium France Italy.. Germany Austria and Hungary Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc. Russia or other Slav country Other European country China Hindustan.. Japan All other countries Nationality not stated Males. 29 1 REPORT OP THE DEPUTY MINISTER, 192G. P 27 Table No. 12. LAUNDRIES, CLEANING AND DYEING. Returns covering 77 Firms. Salary and Wage Payments, 1926. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $ 122,097 98 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 186,644 05 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 1,099,832 41 Total $1,408,574 44 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males. Females. Month. Males. Females. February.... March. 458 465 462 467 494 489 807 810 821 829 840 869 August .... September.. October .... November.. December .. 500 507 498 479 443 441 951 931 917 866 June 852 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). For Week of Males, Females. Apprentices. Employment of Greatest Number. 18 Yrs. & over. Under 18 Yrs. 18 Yrs. & over. Under 18 Yrs. Under $6.00 1 6 $ 6.00 to $ 6.99... 4 7.00 to 7.99... 8.00 to 8.99. . 4 14 26 18 28 8 1 9.00 to 9.99... 2 1 3 4 1 1 1 3 14 1 22 350 140 144 61 25 60 8 19 6 7 10.00 to 10.99... 11.00 to 11.99... 3 5 11 12.00 to 12.99... 13.00 to 13.99... 14.00 t» 14.99... 15.00 to 15.99... 16.00 to 16.99... 2 6 1 10 5 4 8 4 75 13 28 9 39 70 13 47 17 11 90 27 16 4 15 10 1 17.00 to 17.99... 18.00 to 18.99... 19.00 to 19.99... 20.00 to 20.99... 21.00 to 21.99... 22.00 to 22.99... 23.00 to 23.99... 24.00 to 24.99... 25.00 to 25.99... 1 1 27.00 to 27.99... 28.00 to 28.99... 1 29.00 to 29.99... 30.00 to 34.99... 2 35.00 to 39.99... 40.00 to 44.99... 1 45.00 to 49.99... Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland Great Britain and Ireland United States of America Australasia Belgium France Italy... Germany Austria and Hungary Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc. Russia or other Slav country Other European country China Hindustan japan All other countries Nationality not stated Males. Females. 152 262 10 43 1 10 371 484 26 17 1 29 16 1 1 5 13 10 Table No. 13. LEATHER AND FUR GOODS—MANUFACTURING OF. Returns covering 58 Firms. Salary and Wage Payments, 1926. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers, $ 67,109 00 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 63,482 15 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 323,307 85 Total , §458,899 00 Average Number of Wage-earners. January. February March... April.... May June. ... Males. Females. 223 73 222 74 223 75 222 76 219 80 224 80 July August... September October .. November December 225 224 244 252 260 243 85 89 90 97 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). For Week of Employment of Greatest Number. Under $ 6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 13.00 14.00 15.00 16.00 17.00 18.00 19.00 20.00 21.00 22.00 23.00 24.00 25.00 26.00 27.00 28.00 29.00 30.00 35.00 40.00 45.00 50.00 $6.00.. to$ 6.! 7. 8.99. 9.99. 10.99. 11.99. 12.99. 13.99. 14.99. 16.99. 16.99. 17.99. 18.99. 19.99. 20.99. 21.99. 22.99. 23.99. 24.99. 25.99. 26.99 27.99. 28.99. 29.99. 34.99. 39.99. 44.99. 49.99. Males. 18 Yrs. Under & over. 18 Yrs. 1 1 4 4 3 3 7 5 11 8 15 5 11 19 14 15 29 4 68 11 4 18 Yrs. & over. 5 2 10 8 3 9 16 6 2 6 7 2 1 3 3 2 Under 18 Yrs. Apprentices. 1 10 1 4 1 2 1 Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland. Great Britain and Ireland... United States of America... Australasia Belgium France Italy.. Germany Austria and Hungary Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc. Russia or other Slav country Other European country China : Hindustan Japan All other countries Nationality not stated 114 18 1 10 3 13 4 4 4 47 48 6 F 28 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. Table No. 14. LUMBER INDUSTRIES. Returns covering 974 Firms. Salary and Wage Payments, 1926. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $ 2,169,255 05 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 1,087,782 91 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 31,569,313 77 Total $34,826,351 73 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males. Females. Month. Males. Females. January February... March Mav June 21,423 23,513 25,764 26,377 27,141 26,649 48 52 55 58 60 6S July August.... September. October ... November. December.. 25,454 24,978 25,644 25,671 24,917 20,726 55 54 51 50 43 47 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). F^or Week of Males. FEMALES. Apprentices. Employment of Greatest Number. 18 Y'rs. & over. Under 18 Yrs. 18 Yrs. & over. Under 18 Yrs. Under $6.00 1 1 6 3 22 11 9 61 22 43 9 56 4 25 23 12 6 1 1 2 1 1 2 11 24 123 271 564 611 718 602 1,277 5,411 1,261 3,064 1,366 1,152 3,903 1,397 924 1,630 977 605 3,093 1,802 1,051 729 732 8.00 to 8.99... 9.00 to 9.99... 10.00 to 10.99... 11.00 to 11.99... 12.00 to 12.99... 6 2 4 1 3 12 21 8 5 4 1 2 4 3 13.00 to 13.99... 14.00 to 14.99... 15.00 to 15.99... 16.00 to 16.99... 17.00 to 17.99... 18.00 to 18.99... 19.00 to 19.99 .. 20.00 to 20.99... 1 21.00 to 21.99... 22.00 to 22.99... 23.00 to 23.99... 24.00 to 24.99... 25.00 to 25.99... 1 26.00 to 26.99... 27.00 to 27.99... 28.00 to 28.99... 29.00 to 29.99... 30.00 to 34.99... 35.00 to 39.99... 4 2 1 40.00 to 44.99... 45.00 to 49.99... Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland Great Britain and Ireland United States of America Australasia Belgium France Italy Germany Austria and Hungary Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc Kussia or other Slav country Other European country China '..... Hindustan Japan All other countries Nationality not stated Males. 10,724 4,487 1,760 46 94 245 425 177 336 4,823 1,278 182 4,203 726 2,376 43 866 Females. 1 10 Table No. 15. METAL TRADES. Returns covering 597 Firms. Salary and Wage Payments, 1926. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $1,657,963 45 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 1,076,866 99 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 4,651,862 40 Total $7,386,692 84 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males. Females. Month. Males. Females. January. February March... April.... May June 3,400 3,630 3,663 3,772 3,699 3,940 91 93 100 107 July August September . October November .. December... 3,765 3,828 3,688 3,889 3,779 3,729 125 125 121 110 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). F\)r Week of Employment of Greatest Number. Under $ 6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 13.00 14.00 15.00 18.00 17.00 18.00 19.00 20.00 21.00 22.00 23.00 24.00 25.00 26.00 27.00 28.00 29.00 30.00 35.00 40.00 45.00 50.00 $6.00 to$ 6.99. to 7.99. to to to to to to to to to to to 9.99 10.99. 11.99. 12.99. 13.99. 14.99. 15.99. 16.99. 17.99. 18.99. 19.99. 20.99. 21.99. 22.99. 23.99. 24.99. 25.99. 26.99 27.99. 28.99. to to to to to to to to to to 29.99. to 34.99. to 39.99. to 44.99. to 49.99. and over . 18 Yrs. Under & over. 18 Yrs. 1 1 4 9 10 30 14 42 100 23 81 39 61 68 80 173 150 256 271 277 258 108 135 142 85 964 428 172 79 77 41 19 28 26 18 37 17 24 24 41 16 6 18 Yrs. Under & over. 18 Yrs. 2 7 30 19 16 5 12 6 Apprentices. 31 34 24 25 10 24 11 20 12 5 25 7 Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland Great Britain and Ireland United States of America Australasia Belgium France Italy Germany Austria and Hungary Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc Russia or other Slav country Other European country China Hindustan Japan All other countries Nationality not stated 297 779 257 11 8 22 37 8 4 91 1 15 4 52 45 11 1 REPORT OF THE DEPUTY MINISTER, 1926. F 29 Table No. 16. METAL-MINING. Returns covering 260 Firms. Salary and Wage Payments, 1926. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $ 496,996 80 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 433,840 30 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 7,670,049 99 Total $8,600,887 09 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males. F'emales. Month. Males. Females January. February March .,, April]... May June 4,193 4,182 4,318 4,623 4,879 4,960 36 36 39 July August September.. October ... November... December... 5,114 4,254 5,233 4,271 5,106 4,613 39 40 39 40 41 41 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). F\)r Week of Males. FEMALES. Apprentices. Employment of Greatest Number. 18 Yrs. & over. Under 18 Yrs. 18 Yrs. & over. Under 18 Yrs. Under $6.00 1 $ 6.00 to $ 6.99. .. 7.00 to 7.99... 8.00 to 8.99... 9.00 to 9.99... 10.00 to 10.99... 11.00 to 11.99... 12.00 to 12.99... 4 2 1 14.00 to 14.99... 1 13 7 16 67 14 17 36 74 123 97 104 459 330 879 2,231 1,557 416 423 73 1 15.00 to 15.99... 1 16.00 to 16.99... 17.00 to 17.99.. 1 3 3 3 1 4 3 3 1 11 4 4 1 18.00 to 18.99... 19.00 to 19.99... 20.00 to 20.99... 21.00 to 21.99... 22.00 to 22.99... 23.00 to 23.99... 24.00 to 24.99... 25.00 to 25.99... 26.00 to 26.99... 27.00 to 27.99... 1 28.00 to 28.99... 29.00 to 29.99... 30.00 to 34.99... 3 1 35.00 to 39.99... 40.00 to 44.99... 45.00to 49.99... Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland Great Britain and Ireland United States of America Australasia Belgium France Italy Germany Austria and Hungary Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc Russia or other Slav country Other European country China Hindustan Japan All other countries Nationality not stated Males. Females. 2,150 1,713 312 11 14 26 296 31 85 947 438 56 67 1 17 13 115 24 13 4 TABLE NO. 17. MISCELLANEOUS TRADES AND INDUSTRIES. Returns covering 117 Firms. Salary and Wage Payments, 1926. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $ 397,536 78 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 372,018 61 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 1,436,063 28 Total $2,205,618 67 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males. Females. Month. Males. Females. January. February March.., April May June 830 879 896 923 956 1,004 266 280 296 288 310 335 July August.... September. October ... November. December . 1,053 1,071 1,079 1,022 1,042 994 334 328 291 313 307 308 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). For Week of Employment of Greatest Number. Males. Females. IS Yrs. & over. Under 18 Yrs. 18 Yrs. & over. Under 18 Yrs. tices. Under $6.00 1 7 4 1 35 17 5 6 4 6 6 1 1 2 1 1 1 $ 6.00 to $ 6.99 7 00 to 7.99 1 18 1 4 3 8.00 to 8.99.. 9.00 to 9.99.. 10.00 to 10.99.. 11.00 to 11.99.. 12.00 to 12.99.. 13.00to 13.99.. 14.00 to 14.99 . 15.00 to 15.99.. 16.00 to 16.99.. 15.00 to 17.99 . 18.00 to 18.99 . 19.00 to 19.99.. 20.00 to 20.99.. 21.00 to 21.99.. 22.00 to 22.99.. 23.00 to 23.99.. 24.00 to 24.99.. 25.00 to 25.99.. 26.00 to 26.99.. 27.00 to 27.99.. 28.00 to 28.99.. 29.00 to 29.99.. 30.00 to 34.99.. 35.00 to 39.99.. 40.00 to 44.99.. '45.00 to 49.99.. 50.00 and over .. 1 5 13 6 12 6 24 47 11 23 68 53 44 33 136 145 89 59 26 54 81 10 113 51 28 7 8 2 14 7 6 9 6 139 28 24 11 11 17 14 4 4 3 3 9 4 2 1 2 2 2 1 Nationality of Em ployees. Country of Origin. Males. Females. 508 611 35 180 3 4 10 3 4 20 19 2 9 Ttn.lv 3 Austria and Hungary Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, Russia or other Slav country Other European country etc. 1 4 16 1 Nationality not sta ted. . F 30 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. Table No. 18. OIL-REFINING. Returns covering 21 Firms. Salary and Wage Payments, 1926. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $ 85,542 68 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 190,884 31 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 901,960 31 Total $1,178,387 30 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males. Females. Month. Males. Females. January February.... 615 547 540 664 583 692 8 8 8 8 8 11 July September.. November .. December... 804 809 761 693 574 613 9 9 9 9 12 June 9 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). For Week of Males. Females. Apprentices. Employment of Greatest Number. 18 Yrs. & over. Under 18 Yrs. 18 Yrs. & over. Under 18 Yrs. $ 6.00 to$ 6.99... 7.00 to 7.99... 8.00 to 8 99... 9.00 to 9.99... 10.00 to 10.99... 11.00 to 11.99... 12.00 to 12.99... 1 8 2 13.00 to 13.99... 14.00 to 14.99. . 15.00 to 15.99... 4 1 2 33 1 9 9 62 22 71 55 14 38 25 245 182 116 52 18 S3 16.00 to 16.99... 17.00 to 17.99... 18.00 to 18.99... 1 20.00 to 20.99. . 1 2 22.00 to 22.99... 23.00 to 23.99... 3 24.00 to 24.99... 3 4 25.00 to 25.99... 27.00 to 27.99... 28.00 to 28.99... 29.00 to 29.99... 30.00 to 34.99... 35.00 to 39.99... 45.00 to 49.99... Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland Great Britain and Ireland United States of America Australasia Belgium France Italy Germany Austria and Hungary .. Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc. Russia or other Slav country Other European country China Hindustan Japan All other countries Nationality not stated Males. Females. 521 425 10 3 17 87 13 Table No. 19. PAINT-MANUFACTURINQ. Returns covering 9 Firms. Salary and Wage Payments, 1926. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $ 64,536 56 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 62,679 50 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 96,332 41 Total $223,448 47 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males. F'emales. Month. Males. Females. January.. February. March April May June 94 97 100 101 10 10 11 11 12 12 July August... September October... November December. 94 90 88 11 11 11 11 11 11 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). For Week of Employment of Greatest Number. Under $ 6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 13.00 14.00 15.00 16.00 17.00 18.00 19.00 20.00 21.00 22.00 23.00 24.00 25.00 26.00 27.00 28.00 29.00 30.00 35.00 40.00 45.00 50.00 $6.00 to$ 6.99.. to 7.99.. to 8.99.. to 9.99.. to 10.99.. to 11.99.. to 12.99.. to 13.99.. to 14.99.. to 15.99.. to 16.99.. to 17.99.. to 18.99.. to 19.99.. to 20.99.. to 21.99.. to 22.99.. to 23.99.. to 24.99.. to 26.99.. to 26.99.. to 27.99 . to 28.99.. to 29.99.. to 34.99.. to 39.99.. to 44.99.. to 49.99.. and over .. 18 Yrs. & over. Under 18 Yrs. FEMALES. 18 Yrs. & over. Under 18 Yrs. Apprentices. Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland . Great Britain and Ireland .. United States of America... Australasia Belgium France Italy. Germany Austria and Flungary Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc. Russia or other Slav country Other European country China Hindustan Japan All other countries -. Nationality not stated Males. Females. 39 2 1 REPORT OF THE DEPUTY MINISTER, 1926. F 31 Table No. 20. PRINTING AND PUBLISHING. Returns covering 126 Firms. Salary and Wage Payments, 1926. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $ 462,550 20 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 886,980 70 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 1,930,297 16 Total $3,279,828 06 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males. Females. Month. Males. Females. February.... March. ..... April 1,064 1,051 1,073 1,068 1,062 1,048 123 129 144 128 127 133 July August September.. November .. December... 1,051 1,045 1,078 1,092 1,082 1,034 141 129 i 158 145 153 June 153 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). For Week of Males. F^RMALKS. Apprentices. Employment of Greatest Number. 18 Yrs. &over. Under 18 Yrs. 5 18 Yrs. & over. Under 18 Yrs. 5 $ 6.00 to $ 6.99... 7.00 to 7.99.., 13 5 4 12 6 14 8.00 to 8.99... 2 13 1 3 10 9.00 to 9.99... 2 4 2 7 10.00 to 10.99... 10 5 2 5 17 11.00 to 11.99... 3 4 1 1 5 12.00to 12.99... 16 15 1 21 13.00 to 13.99... 13 1 4 2 14.00 to 14.99... 15 4 15 4 6 15.00 to 15.99... 7 2 26 4 10 16.00 to 16.99... 8 6 7 17.00to 17.99... 11 1 3 2 18.00 to 18.99... 12 1 9 7 19.00 to 19.99... 4 10 1 20.00 to 20.99... 26 8 3 21.00 to 21.99... 11 31 4 22.00 to 22.99... 9 2 3 23.00 to 23.99... 7 17 4 3 24.00 to 24.99... 3 25.00 to 25.99... 26 6 12 3 1 2 27.00 to 27.99... 1 28.00to 28.99... 5 3 39 2 29.00 to 29.99... 1 30.00 to 34.99... 1 6 35.00 to 39.99... 54 133 262 169 2 40.00 to 44.99... 1 45.00 to 49.99... Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland. Great Britain and Ireland... United States of America... Australasia Belgium FVance Italy.. Germany Austria and Hungary Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc. Russia or other Slav country Other European country China Hindustan Japan All other countries Nationality not stated Males. Females, 21 '34' 102 61 4 2 'io' Table No. 21. PULP AND PAPER—MANUFACTURE OF. Returns covering 13 Firms. Salary and Wage Payments, 1926. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $ 468,509 SO Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 278,804 00 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 5,542,012 07 Total $6,289,325 87 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males. Females. Month. Males. Females. January... February. March.... April May June 2,307 2,431 2,476 2,523 2,607 2,760 76 70 71 73 73 75 July August... September October .. November December. 3,018 2,942 2,978 3,147 8,075 2,880 77 77 76 81 76 81 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). For Week of Employment of Greatest Number. Under $ 6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 13.00 14.00 16.00 16.00 17.00 18.00 19.00 20.00 21.00 22.00 23.00 24.00 25.00 26.00 27.00 28.00 29.00 30.00 35.00 40.00 45.00 60.00 $6.00 . to$ 6. to 7. to 8. to to to to to to 9.99.. 10.99.. 11.99.. 12.99.. 13.99.. 14.99.. tg, 15.99.. to 16.99.. 17.99.. 18.99.. 19.99.. 20.99.. 21.99.. 22.99.. 23.99.. 24.99.. 25.99.. 26.99.. 27.99.. 28.99.. to to to to to to to to to to to to to 29.99. to 34.99. to 39.99.. to 44.99. to 49.99. and over. 18 Yrs. Under & over. 18 Yrs. 24 10 128 175 101 43 228 36 569 312 279 83 58 125 38 221 410 61 44 125 1 12 2 1 3 "2' 'li' 5 3 18 Yrs. & over. 7 2 3 2 19 5 Under 18 Yrs. Apprentices. Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland Great Britain and Ireland United States of America Australasia Belgium France Italy Germany Austria and Hungary Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc. Russia or other Slav country Other European country China *.,.. Hindustan Japan All other countries Nationality not stated Males. f'emales. 818 1,009 112 11 2 17 237 3 47 94 126 30 103 507 44 33 F 32 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. Table No. 22. SHIP-BUILDING. Returns covering 40 Firms. Salary and Wage Payments, 1926. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $ 188,353 02 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 106,621 09 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 1,540,461 06 Total $1,835,435 17 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males. Females. Month. Males. Females. January 1,120 1,237 1,495 1,338 1,456 1,392 July September.. November .. December... 1,023 879 1,056 1,009 1,120 1,264 April Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). F"or Week of Males. FEMALES. Apprentices. Employment of Greatest Number. 18 Yrs. & over Under 18 Yrs. 18 Yrs. & over. Under 18 Yrs. Under $6.00 2 1 1 7.00 to 7.99... 1 1 8 00 to 8.99... 2 3 9.00 to 9.99... 4 10.00 to 10.99... 2 1 4 12 00 to 12 99... 1 1 4 1 1 13.00 to 13.99... 4 1 3 9 2 8 85 87 40 310 46 179 49 64 60 30 67 420 332 57 10 17 1 14.00 to 14.99... 15.00 to 15.99... 1 16.00 to 16.99... 3 17.00 to 17.99... 18.00 to 18.99... 19.00 to 19.99... 20.00 to 20.99... 1 21.00 to 21.99. . 22.00 to 22.99... 23.00 to 23.99... 24.00 to 24.99... 1 25.00 to 25.99... 26.00 to 26.99... 27.00 to 27.99... 28.00 to 28.99. . 29.00 to 29.99... 30.00 to 34.99... 35.00 to 39.99. 40.00 to 44.99... 45.00 to 49.99... Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland Great Britain and Ireland United States of America Australasia Belgium France Italy Germany Austria and Hungary Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc. Russia or other Slav country Other European country China Hindustan Japan All other countries Nationality not stated Males. Females. 72 4 10 20 16 1 3 145 48 Table No. 23. SMELTING. Returns covering 8 Firms. Salary and Wage Payments, 1926. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $ 240,994 14 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 353,737 11 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 4,080,977 75 Total $ 5,275,709 00 Average Number of Wage=earners. Month. January., February, March April May June Males. 2,303 2,380 2,464 2,437 2,469 2,471 24 24 24 24 24 24 Month. July August. September.. October November .. December... Males. Females. 2,486 2,656 2,718 2,896 3,080 3,082 24 25 25 25 26 26 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). F\>r Week of Employment of Greatest Number. Under S 6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 13.00 14.00 15.00 16.00 17.00 18.00 19.00 20.00 21.00 22.00 23.00 24.00 25.00 26.00 27.00 28.00 29.00 30.00 35.00 40.00 45.00 50.00 00 . to? I 99. 99. 9.99. 10.99. 11.99. 12.99. to 13.9 to 14.! 15.99.. 16.99.. 17.99.. 18.99.. 19.99.. 20.99.. 21.99.. 22.99.. 23.99.. 24.99.. 25.99.. 26.99.. 27.99.. 28.99.. 29.99.. 34.99.. 39.99.. 44.99.. 49.99.. 18 Yrs. & over. 1 10 8 10 4 5 10 34 59 579 642 695 738 175 103 30 Under 18 Yrs. 18 Yrs. Under & over. 18 Yrs. 11 "3' Apprentices. Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland Great Britain and Ireland United States of America Australasia Belgium France Italy Germany Austria and Hungary Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc. Russia or other Slav country Other European country China Hindustan Japan All other countries Nationality not stated Males. Females. 1,324 97 10 10 4 415 10 58 160 139 44 46 REPORT OF THE DEPUTY MINISTER, 192G. P 33 Table No. 24. STREET RAILWAYS, GAS, WATER, POWER, TELEPHONES, ETC. , Returns covering 85 Firms. Salary and Wage Payments, 1926. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $ 566,200 38 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 1,301,110 94 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 7,020,602 02 Total $8,887,913 34 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males. Females. Month. Males. Females. January. February March.. . April.... May June .... 3,406 3,483 3,648 3,922 3,860 4,142 1,355 1,379 1,405 1,440 1,461 1,504 July Auglist.... September. October ... November . December.. 4,097 3,999 4,079 4,041 3,865 3,752 1,532 1,517 1,482 1,446 1,438 1,478 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). For Week of Employment of Greatest Number. Under * 6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 13.00 14.00 15.00 16.00 17 00 18.00 19.00 20.00 21.00 22.00 23.00 24.00 25.00 26.00 27.00 28.00 29.00 30.00 35.00 40.00 45.00 50.00 $6.00 . to * 6. to 7.' to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to 10.99. 11.99. 12.99. 13.99. 14.99. 15.99. 16.99. 17.99. 18.99. 19.99. 20.99. 21.99. 22.99. 23.99. 24.99. 25.99. 26.99. 27.99. 2S.99. 29.99. 34.99. 39.99. 44.99. 49.99. 18 Yrs. & over. 1 1 1 1 3 10 9 5 208 8 137 14 225 180 147 462 52 138 227 159 855 721 461 267 77 52 Under 18 Yrs. 18 Yrs. & over. 10 200 67 2 408 200 24 128 42 225 54 72 Under 18 Yrs. 10 1 Apprentices. 16 210 67 1 3 2 3 10 Nationality of Employees. Countrj- of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland Great Britain and Ireland United States of America Australasia Belgium France Italy Germany Austria and Hungary Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc Russia or other Slav country Other European country China Hindustan Japan All other countries. Nationality not stated Males. Females. 1,667 2,587 166 19 4 19 106 13 6 142 33 14 13 4 4 5 50 944 620 78 Table No. 25. WOOD—MANUFACTURE OF (N.E.S.). Returns covering 82 Firms. Salary and Wage Payments, 1926. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $ 272,033 71 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 133,135 85 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 1,732,191 85 Total $2,137,361 41 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males. Females. Month. Males. Females, January . February March. .. April.... May June 1,081 1,122 1,334 1,388 1,499 1,609 45 61 65 63 July August.... September. October ... November.. December . 1,698 1,647 1,657 1,509 1,386 1,210 53 43 35 29 35 40 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). F\)r Week of Employmentof Greatest Number. Under $ 6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 13.00 14.00 15.00 16.00 17.00 18.00 19.00 20.00 21.00 22.00 23.00 24.00 25.00 26.00 27.00 28.00 29 00 30.00 35.00 40.00 45.00 50.00 $6.00 .... toS 6.99. to 7.99. to 8.99. to 9.99. to to to 10.99. 11.99. 12.99. 13.99. 14.99. 15.99. 16.99. 17.99. 18.99. 19.99. 20.99. 21.99. 22.99. 23.99. 24.99. 25.99. 26.99. 27.99. 28.99. 29.99. 34.99. 39.99. 44.99. 49.99. and over.. 18 Yrs. Under & over. 18 Yrs. 1 2 3 28 25 54 35 71 67 80 59 155 94 79 82 27 92 46 52 23 56 15 158 96 63 18 84 3 4 34 28 23 17 23 18 22 18 Yrs. Under & over. 18 Yrs. 4 17 10 2 6 1 Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland Great Britain and Ireland United States of America Australasia Belgium FYance Italy Germany Austria and Hungary Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc Russia or other Slav country Other European country China Hindustan Japan All other countries Nationality not stated Males. 784 552 50 2 4 4 23 6 23 68 18 3 72 2 56 2 33 Apprentices. Females. 51 8 1 F 34 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. SUMMARY OF ALL TABLES. Returns covering 4,521 Firms. Total Salary and Wage Payments during Twelve Months ended December 31st, 1926:- Offlcers, Superintendents, and Managers $ 12,399,863 91 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 10,627,258 93 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 106,393,476 71 Returns received too late to be included in above Summary $ 701,743 16 Estimated pay-roll of employers in occupations covered by Department's inquiry, and from whom returns were not received 6,350,000 00 Transcontinental Railways 13,701,493 76 Dominion and Provincial Government Workers 6,000,000 00 Wholesale and Retail Firms 4,000,000 00 Delivery, Cartage and Teaming, Warehousing, Butchers, Moving-picture Operators, Coal and Wood Yards, and Auto Transportation 5,500,000 00 Ocean Services and Express Companies 8,000,000 00 Miscellaneous 1,500,000 00 $129,420,599 55 45,753,236 92 $175,173,836 47 Average Number of Wage-earners. During the Month of January... February . March.. . . April May June July August ... September October... November December. Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland Great Britain and Ireland United States of America Australasia. Belgium France Italy Germany Austria and Hungary Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc Russia or other Slav country Other European country China Hindustan Japan All other countries Nationality not stated Males. 36,155 31,198 4,015 251 248 495 2,586 373 822 8,921 2,785 586 7,932 748 3,912 110 1,840 65,999 4,031 68,972 4,080 74,551 4,163 76,962 4,276 78,885 4,508 81.419 5,784 81,879 6,800 81,094 7,128 83,167 6,745 79,081 5,936 77,197 5,052 68,850 4,533 4,295 2,616 286 12 8 33 130 53 67 136 103 12 24 2 237 22 151 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only.) For Week of Employment of Greatest Number. Under $ 6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 13.00 14.00 15.00 16.00 17.00 18.00 19.00 20.00 21.00 22.00 23.00 24.00 25.00 26.00 27.00 28.00 29.00 30.00 35.00 40.00 45.00 50.00 00 S 6.99. 7.99. to 8.99. to 9.99. to 10.99. to 11.99. to 12.99. to 13.99. to 14.99. to 15.99. to 16.99. to 17.99. to 18.99. to 19.99. to 20.99. to 21.99. to 22.99. to 23.99. to 24.99. to 25.99. to 26.99. to 27.99. to' 2S.99. to 29.99. to 34.99 to 39.99. to 44.99. to 49.99. and over. Totals. 18 Yrs. & over. 12 53 54 97 204 369 528 965 1,438 1,311 1,952 2,520 7,755 3,062 5,427 4,697 4,475 10,776 4,462 2,820 4,803 3,990 3,981 13,713 10,460 5,151 2,797 2,446 100,303 Under 18 Yrs. 79 100 152 168 116 269 124 133 113 121 54 30 33 9 19 12 13 1,927 18 Yrs. & over. 27 22 165 144 76 59 88 544 1,006 1,074 1,075 744 337 465 246 471 288 192 59 102 104 52 42 15 18 59 22 Under 18 Yrs. 19 27 38 64 70 79 69 113 167 63 37 Apprentices. 95 72 77 108 47 105 27 60 29 23 21 10 18 15 19 4 7 6 16 7 15 ■ REPORT OF THE DEPUTY MINISTER, 1926. F 35 THE "HOURS OF WORK ACT." Members of the Board of Adjustment: J. D. McNiven, Chairman. T. F. Paterson. F. V. Foster. The " Hours of Work Act" of 1923 went into effect on January 1st, 1925, and the period now under review was therefore the second year of its administration by the Board of Adjustment. The Board have pleasure in recording that the Act has been, generally speaking, very loyally observed by those in control of industrial operations throughout the Province, and that it has been a distinct benefit to many thousands of workers whose hours of labour it has materially reduced. It was pointed out, at the time when the passing of this Act was contemplated, that occupations where workers were able to build up strong organizations of their own were not likely to be affected greatly by its provisions, as they had, for the most part, secured an eight hours' working-day by their own efforts. In some of our leading industries, however, the case was different, and long working-hours were extremely prevalent with large bodies of unorganized workers. It is to these latter in particular that the Act has been found applicable, and its administration during the past two years has had the effect of reducing their hours of labour in a very important degree. Complaints and Investigations. Complaints of non-observance of the Act have reached the Board from time to time, although, taking into account the diversified nature of our industries and the very wide area over which they are distributed, it may fairly be said that such complaints were far less frequent than might have been expected. Investigation into their causes has been made, either by members of the Board personally or by the staff of the Department of Labour, and where grounds of complaint were found to exist there has been little difficulty in having matters put right. The amount of friction or misunderstanding in the working of the Act has, in fact, been singularly small. A rigid enforcement of an eight-hours' working-day, for all workers in all industries at all times, was clearly not contemplated by the Legislature, which expressly permitted a large amount of flexibility in bringing the principle of the legal limitation of working-hours into consonance with the changing needs of industry. The Act itself contained qualifying clauses with this object in view, and also empowered the Board of Adjustment to frame such exemptions to the operation of the Act, both permanent and temporary, as might be found necessary. The permanent exemptions have been provided for in printed regulations issued by the Board, and which will be found reproduced on another page of this report. They have a more or less general application in the industries to which they relate. The temporary exemptions are those allowed by the Board from time to time, to meet the requirements of individual employers in periods of unusual stress or emergency. Reasons foe granting Exemptions. During the year 1926 there have been 176 of these temporary exemptions granted. The majority of them have been in the interest of those engaged in one branch or another of the lumbering industry. Perhaps the commonest ground of application for permission to work overtime has been in the case of lumber-manufacturers who had to meet urgent orders. Among those situated at or near the Coast a frequent experience has been the arrival of a ship for lumber a few days before it was expected, and the firm has been allowed to work overtime in order that the cargo might be shipped with as little delay as possible. Exemptions have also been' granted to lumber firms to make up time lost owing to a breakdown, or to permit of a holiday being taken on another day. Overtime during one week was allowed to an employer " on account of important delayed orders and bad condition of roads," and rehauling or replacing of machinery was allowed to be done in one or two cases during extra hours. Unloading crews were allowed to work overtime on account of congestion of cars and scow; an extra hour daily was allowed to make up delayed orders due to burnt-out motor; and a similar concession given to meet additional requirements for railway needs prior to grain movements. A ten-hour day was allowed to an Interior firm during the fall, " on account of number of logs that must be cut before the river is frozen up "; and the gang working a resaw was allowed overtime during one week because of " inability to run gang-saw on account of large turbine being burnt." Other exemptions were given to firms in the garment-making, contracting, and miscellaneous industries, chiefly owing to the pressure of urgent orders. A firm supplying containers for the fruit-crop was allowed overtime on account of the early berry season, and a firm carrying on a highly specialized industrial process was allowed overtime for two engineers until such time as their period of employment exceeded 50 per cent, of the time the plant was operated. A sugar- refinery asked for a fifty-four-hour week in certain departments during the busy four months of late summer and fall, and the application was granted. For the (makers of some specialities permits were given to cover the few weeks before Christmas. A construction firm was given facilities for two shifts to complete contracts before heavy rains, and on another contract a firm was allowed to work two shifts on a nine-hour basis " provided all men that can be employed are placed on each shift." Where the grounds upon which applications for exemption were made appeared to be unreasonable or insufficient, such applications have not been acceded to. During the past year forty-two applications were refused by the Board. Shortening the Working-day. That the Act has resulted in a considerable shortening of the working-day for those who formerly used to be employed for an excessive number of hours appears to admit of rio doubt. Abundant proof of this is to be found in the details as to working-hours which were collected by the Department from 4,521 employers of labour in the past year. In former years these figures were dealt with in the statistical section of the report, but this year it was considered that they might be more appropriately referred to in this section dealing with hours of work. The table which follows speaks for itself. In each industry the comparison is made between 1924, the year before the Act became operative, and last year. In nineteen of the twenty-five groups there is a lowering of the average weekly working period, and those groups not so affected either contain a considerable number of wrorkers who do not come under the provisions of the Act, or else their normal working-hours, both before and since the passing of the Act, have been fewer than forty-eight a week. Effect m the Lumbering Industry. It is in the lumbering group of industries, employing altogether something like 40,000 persons, that the effect of the " Hours of Work Act" has chiefly been felt. In the logging branch the average hours have been reduced from 50.79 to 48.71, or a difference of 2.08 a week. Sawmills have witnessed an average reduction of working-time by 4.82 hours a week; shingle-mills, 7.12 hours; planing-mills, 5.10 hours; logging-railways, 1.95 hours; the branch embracing box- factories, sash and door plants, etc., 2.62 hours; mixed plants, 4.98 hours; and pulp and paper mills, 5.01 hours. In the lumbering group there are still some sections with an average slightly over forty-eight hours1, and this is explained by the permanent and temporary exemptions already referred to, but the figures given in the table below will show that, for the general body of workers, the Act has meant a real reduction in the hour's of labour. Apart from the lumbering industry there is an average reduction of 2.15 hours weekly in the contracting group, and of 4.41 hours in the allied group of industries for the provision of builders' materials. The other changes are less important, though, in reference to the increase of 3.49 hours weekly in the oil-refining group, it should be noted that this group includes the new fish-reduction plants, where the operations are in the nature of things both seasonal and intermittent, and in which it would not be possible to insist upon a strict interpretation of the Act. REPORT OF THE DEPUTY MINISTER, 1926. F 37 Changes in Hours of Work. The following table shows the effect of the " Hours of Work Act" on the average weekly working-hours. The Act became effective January 1st, 1925. Average Weekly Working-hours. 1924. 1926. No. 1. Breweries.—Under this heading are tabulated mineral-water manufacturers and breweries No. 2. Builders' Material, etc.—Includes manufacturers of brick, cut stone, Portland cement, lime, tiles, and firebrick; also stone-quarries and dealers in sand, gravel, and crushed rock No. 3.—Cigar and Tobacco Manufacturing. — Comprises only these trades No. 4. Ooal-mining.—This group contains also the operation of coke-ovens and coal-shipping clocks No. 5. Coast Shipping.—Includes the operation of passenger and freight steamships, stevedoring, tug-boats (both general and towing logs), and river navigation, but does not include the opera tion of vessels in the offshore trade No. 6. Contracting.—Here are grouped building trades, painting and paper-hanging, plumbing and heating, and sheet-metal works ; also contractors for industrial plants, structural-steel fabricating, railway-fencing, sewers, pipes and valves, dredging, pile-driving, wharves, bridges, roofing, and automatic sprinklers. Firms making returns as building contractors, constructors of dry-kilns, refuse-burners, mills, brick-furnaces, electrical contractors, hardwood and sanitary floor-layers, and bricklayers No. 7. Explosives, Chemicals, etc.—Includes the manufacture of these commodities, also the manufacture of fertilizers No. 8. Food Products, Manufacture of.—This group includes bakeries, biscuit-manufacturers, cereal- milling, creameries and dairies, fish, fruit and vegetable canneries, packing-houses, curers of ham and bacon, blending of teas ; also manufacturers of candy, macaroni, syrup, jams, pickles, sauces, coffee, catsup, and spices No. 9. Qarment-malcing.—Includes tailoring, the manufacture of buttons, pleating, embroidery, etc., jute and cotton goods, shirts, overalls, knitted goods, millinery and ladies' outfitting No. 10.—House Furnishings.—Comprises firms engaged in the manufacture of furniture, beds and bedding, springs and mattresses, upholstering, and carpet and linoleum laying No. 11. Jewellery, Manufacture of.—Includes the repair as well as manufacturing of jewellery and watches and optical instruments (where same is carried on in a factory) No. 12. Laundries, Cleaning and Dyeing.—Includes these industries only No. 13. Leather and Fur Goods, Manufacture of.— Comprises manufacturers of boots, shoes, gloves, harness, trunks, and leather Indian novelties; also furriers and hide and wool dealers Covered by the Act. In certain continuous processes seven eight-hour shifts a week are allowed Covered by the Act Covered by the Act.. This group comes under the " Coal - mines Regulation Act" This group is not covered by the Act This group is covered by the Act Covered by the Act. In certain continuous processes seven eight-hour shifts a week are allowed. The manufacture of fertilizers from fish is dealt with in Regulation 11 All branches of the agricultural, horticultural, or dairying industries are exempt from the provisions of the Act. (See also Regulations 10, 11) This group is covered by the Act This group is covered by the Act. (See Regulation 13) Covered by the Act Covered by the Act. Covered by the Act. 49.04 51.51 44.26 47.90 56.76 47.72 52.44 53.67 45.12 46.01 43.65 46.66 47.88 47.91 47.10 44.46 48.00 53.29 45.57 51.49 51.82 44.81 45.14 43.96 46.54 47.26 F 3S DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. ■ Changes in Hours of Work—Continued. Average Weekly Workin 5-hours. 1924. 1926. No. 14. Lumber Industries.—In this group are in Covered by the Act. (See Regu cluded :— lations 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) Logging 50.79 48.71 Logging-railways 52.01 48.06 Mixed plants .'. 54.01 49.03 Lumber-dealers 52.29 55.58 46.78 Planing-mills 50.48 Sawmills . .. 54.05 55.44 49.23 Shingle-mills 48.32 No. 15. Metal Trades.—This group includes marine Covered by the Act. (See 44.36 45.81 blacksniithing, oxy-acetylene welding, boiler- Regulation 9) making, iron and brass foundries, garages, vulcan izing, machine and pattern shops, galvanizing and electroplating; also manufacturers of handsaws, nuts and bolts, pumps, marine engines, mill ma chinery, and repairs to same No. 16. Metal-mining. — Includes all metalliferous This industry comes under the 53.12 55.43 mining " Metalliferous Mines Act " and is principally a seven- day operation No. 17. Miscellaneous Trades and Industries.—Here Covered by the Act 48.79 47.67 are grouped returns from trades which are not numerous enough to warrant special categories. They include manufacturers of soap, sails, tents, awning, brooms, paper boxes, and tin containers; also cold storage No. IS. Oil-refining.—Includes also the manufacture Covered by the Act. In certain 47.97 51.46 of fish-oil continuous processes seven eight-hour shifts a week are allowed. (See Regulation 11) No. 19. Paint-manufacturing. ■— Includes also white- Covered by the Act 44.63 44.25 lead corroders and varnish-manufacturers No. 20. Printing and Publishing.—This table includes Covered by the Act 45.90 45.58 the printing and publishing of newspapers, job- printing, paper-ruling, bookbinding, engraving and embossing, blue-printing, lithographing, draught ing and map-publishing, and the manufacture of rubber and metal stamps No. 21. Pulp and Paper Manufacturing.—Comprises Covered by the Act. In certain 53.24 48.23 only firms engaged in that industry continuous processes seven eight-hour shifts a week are allowed No. 22. Ship-building.—Comprises both wooden- and Covered by the Act. (See 44:73 44.14 steel-ship building and repairing, also construc Regulation 9) tion and repair of small craft, and salvage No. 23. Smelting.—Comprises firms engaged exclu Covered by the " Labour Regu 55.95 53.21 sively in that industry lations Act " No. 24. Street-railways, Gas, Water, Power, etc.— Covered by the Act. In certain 46.12 45.83 This group comprises generating and distribution continuous processes seven of light and power, manufacture of gas, dissolved eight-hour shifts a week acetylene and oxygen; also includes gasolene are allowed lighting and heating devices, and supply of water to municipalities No. 25. Wood, Manufacture of (not elsewhere speci Covered by the Act. (See 48.90 46.28 fied).—Here are grouped manufacturers of sash Regulation 15) and doors, interior finish, water-proof ply-wood, veneer, store and office fittings, barrels, boxes, ships' knees, ready-cut buildings, wooden pipes and tanks, wooden pulleys, wooden toys, caskets, coffins, and undertakers' supplies REPORT OF THE DEPUTY MINISTER, 1926. F 39 REGULATIONS, "HOURS OF WORK ACT, 1923." Having regard to the nature and conditions of the industrial undertakings hereinafter mentioned, the condition of employment and welfare of employees, the Board of Adjustment, after inquiry held pursuant to the " Hours of Work Act, 1923," and subject to the approval of the Lieutenant-Governor in Council, hereby exempts to the extent hereinafter stated from the provisions of the said Act the industrial undertakings and workers engaged therein, hereinafter mentioned, namely:— 1. All persons employed in sawmills, planing-mills, and shingle-mills situate in that part of the Province lying east of the Cascade Mountains shall be permitted to work one hour per day in excess of the limit prescribed by section 3 of the Act; but the total hours worked in any week shall not exceed fifty-four, 2. In the industrial undertakings referred to in the preceding regulation the limit of hours of work thereby fixed may be exceeded by one hour per day on five days of each week for the purpose of making a shorter work-day on one day of the week; but the total hours worked in any week shall not exceed fifty-four. 3. In sawmills, planing-mills, and shingle-mills situate in that part of the Province lying east of the Cascade Mountains, and which are operated with a single shift of engineers, firemen, and oilers, the engineers, firemen, and oilers shall be permitted to work overtime to the extent of one and one-half hours per day to cover preparatory and complementary work in addition to the said fifty-four hours per week set forth in Regulation 1. 4. All persons employed in the lumber and shingle-manufacturing industries in booming operations, or in handling and transporting lumber for planing to fill urgent orders, or for shipping to fill urgent orders, shall be permitted to work such hours in excess of the limit of hours of work prescribed in section 3 of the Act as may from time to time be necessary. 5. All persons employed on night shifts in sawmills, planing-mills, and shingle-mills situate in that part of the Province lying west of the Cascade Mountains shall be permitted to work a total of forty-eight hours each week in five nights, in lieu of forty-eight hours each week in six nights; but no night shift shall exceed ten hours: Provided that this regulation shall not apply in respect of industrial establishments carried on by any employer unless the actual working-hours of each person working for that employer, either by the day or by the piece, or otherwise, are limited to forty-eight hours in the week. 6. All persons employed in the logging industry in booming operations, or in transporting logs on a logging-railway, by motor-trucks, horses, flumes, or river-driving, or in transporting workmen or supplies for purposes of the industry, or in the operation and upkeep of donkey-engines, shall be exempt from the provisions of section 3 of the Act. 7. In all industrial undertakings which use steam as a motive power and which are operated with a single shift of engineers, firemen, and oilers, the engineers, firemen, and oilers shall be permitted to work overtime to the extent of one and one-half hours per day to cover preparatory or complementary work in addition to the maximum hours of work prescribed by section 3 of the Act. 8. All persons employed as members of the shipping staff in industrial undertakings where shipping operations are of an intermittent nature shall be permitted to work during such hours in excess of the limit of hours of work prescribed in section 3 of the Act as may be necessary from time to time to enable urgent shipping orders to be promptly executed. 9. All persons employed in shipyards, engineering-works, machine-shops, foundries, welding plants, sheet-metal works, belt-works, saw-works, and all plants of a similar nature, when engaged on emergency repair-work only, are exempt from the provisions of section 3 of the Act. (Section 9 amended as above, June 23rd, 1927.) 10. All bakers employed in the baking industry shall be permitted to work ten hours per month in excess of forty-eight hours per week, and all bakery salesmen or deliverymen twenty-six hours per month in excess of forty-eight hours per week. 11. The fishing industry and all its attendant branches, including the canning or otherwise preserving of fish and the manufacture of by-products of fish, shall be exempt from the provisions of the Act. 12. All persons employed in cook and bunk houses in connection with any industrial undertaking shall be exempt from the provisions of the Act. 13. All persons employed in the manufacture of furniture, beds and mattresses, as operators of picking and garneting machines, shall be permitted to work four hours per week in excess of the limit of hours of work prescribed by section 3 of the Act during the following months: February, March, April, May, September, October. 14. Two machine-tenders and two back-tenders in the employ of the Sidney Roofing and Paper Company, Ltd., are exempt from the provisions of section 3 of this Act while engaged in the manufacture of paper, but only while so engaged. 15. All persons employed in the manufacture of wooden boxes or containers for shipment or distribution of fish, fruit, or vegetables shall be permitted to work such hours in excess of the limit prescribed by section 3 of the Act, for the months of June, July, August, September, and October, as may from time to time be necessary to fill urgent orders. F 40 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. 16. The employer in every industrial undertaking in which additional hours are worked by any person employed therein in pursuance of section 6 of the Act, or in pursuance of any of these regulations which permits a limited extension of working-hours in excess of the limit of hours of work prescribed by section 3 of the Act, shall keep a record thereof in the following form, and shall on the first day of each month file with the Board of Adjustment a duplicate of the record for the last preceding month:— Return s Overtime worked under Authority of Section 6 and Section 9 of the " Hours of Work Act, 1923." Date. Name of Employee. Occupation. No. of Hours Overtime. Reasons for such Overtime. This is to certify that the information supplied on this form is correct and includes the names of all employees who have worked overtime during the month of. , 19 (Name of employer.) (Nature of industry.) (Location of plant.) 17. Every employer shall notify, by means of the posting of notices in conspicuous places in the works or other suitable place, where the same may readily be seen by all persons employed by hiin, the hours at which work begins and ends, and, where work is carried on by shifts, the hours at which each shift begins and ends, also such rest intervals accorded during the period of work as are not reckoned as part of the working-hours. These hours shall be so fixed that the duration of the work shall not exceed the limits prescribed by the " Hours of Work Act, 1923," or by the regulations made thereunder, and when so notified they shall not be changed except upon twenty-four hours' notice of such change posted as hereinbefore specified; and in all cases of partial or temporary exemption granted by the Board of Adjustment under section 10 of the Act a like notice of the change in working- hours shall be posted, which notice shall also state the grounds on which the exemption was granted. 19. In the manufacture of carbonated beverages all persons employed in the capacity of delivery salesmen shall be permitted to work during the months of May, June, July, August, and until September such hours in excess of the hours prescribed in section 3 'of the Act as may be necessary to meet exigencies of the trade. 20. All persons employed in the lithographing industry shall be permitted to work during the months of May, June, July, August, September, and October such hours in excess of the limit of hours prescribed in section 3 of the Act as may from time to time be necessary to fill urgent orders. This exemption is to be used only when sufficient competent help is not available. 21. All persons employed in the sawmills of the Pacific Mills, Limited, operating in connection with the pulp and paper plant at Ocean Falls, shall be permitted to work twenty (20) hours per month in excess of the hours prescribed in section 3 of the Act. 22. In any week in the year on which a public holiday (other than Sunday) occurs all persons employed in laundries, cleaning and dyeing establishments, shall be permitted to work on the remaining working-days of the week such hours in excess of the limit of hours of work prescribed in section 3 of the Act as may be necessary to avoid serious interference with the business of the industry, but the total hours worked in any such week shall not exceed forty-eight. 18. Where additional hours of work are allowed by any of these regulations to cover certain classes of workers or special conditions set out in the regulations, such additional hours shall apply- only in respect of the classes of workers and the special conditions so set out, and shall in no sense be regarded as part of the normal working-day. REPORT OF THE DEPUTY MINISTER, 1926. F 41 THE " MALE MINIMUM WAGE ACT." Members of the Board of Adjustment: J. D. McNiven, Chairman. T. F. Paterson. F. V. Foster. This Act was passed by the Legislature in December, 1925, and is the first and, so far, the only law of general application providing for a minimum wage for male workers that has been passed by any legislative body in Canada, or, indeed, in North America. The character of the measure is by this time fairly well known, but it may not be out of place to indicate its main provisions very briefly. The administration of the Act is in the hands of the Board of Adjustment, whose duty it is to ascertain the wages paid to employees in the various occupations and fix a minimum wage. This is to be made legally effective by the issue of an order or orders by the Board, and after the date specified iu the order it becomes illegal for an employer to pay an employee a wage less than the minimum. Exceptions may be made in the case of employees classified as handicapped, or part-time employees, or apprentices, but for each such individual a permit is to be given by the Board, authorizing the payment of a wage less than the ordinary minimum wage; and the number of employees to whom such lesser wage is paid may be limited. Penalties of fine or imprisonment are provided in case of violation of the Act, and an important clause is the one which enables an employee, having been paid less than the legal minimum: wage to which he is entitled, to recover from his employer, in a civil action, the amount by which he has been underpaid, with costs. Dealing with the Lumbering Industry. In view of the magnitude of the powers which had been placed in their hands, the Board decided that it would be better to proceed by stages, rather than attempt to deal at once with the wages question as touching all industries in the Province. Their first survey of the position convinced them that the industry containing the largest number of persons liable to be affected by the provisions of the Act was that of lumbering. In this industry, taking into account all its branches, there are in round figures about 40,000 persons employed in the Province. As soon as the Board made it known that they were considering the fixing of a minimum wage for the lumbering industry, they began to receive representations, both from employers and employed, making proposals as to the amount which should be decided upon. Some of the employers who were paying to their unskilled workers as little in some cases as 22% cents or 25 cents an hour urged upon the Board that conditions in the industry would not afford a higher rate of pay. Lumber-workers, on the other hand, urged that the minimum wage should be fixed so as to correspond with the cost of living, which, it was represented, could not be met on a wage of less than 50 cents an hour. This contention was brought forward very emphatically at a public meeting at Vancouver, at which the members of the Board met the lumber-workers of that city and neighbourhood in April. In view of the close resemblance between conditions in the lumbering industry here and in the States of Washington and Oregon, the Board paid a visit to those two States early in the year, and obtained a large amount of information as to the rates of wages being paid. The result convinced them that, while in some of the more highly-skilled occupations the wages paid on the American side were lower than in British Columbia, the lowest rates of pay received by lumber-workers in this Province were somewhat less than the pay for similar work in adjacent American States. Minimum Wage of 40 Cents an Hour, With all these facts and arguments before them, the Board eventually came to the decision that the minimum wage in the lumbering industry might fairly be set at 40 cents an hour. In order to give the lumber interests time.to allow for the change in any new business arrangements in which they might be entering, and also gradually to bring about any necessary readjustments in their working force, the Board agreed to postpone until October 1st the promulgation of the Order, thereby allowing for the one month's notice provided by the Act, bringing the Order into force on November 1st. The Order was published in the British Columbia Gazette on September 30th, 1926, and was in the following terms:— F 42 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. "MALE MINIMUM WAGE ACT." Order establishing a Minimum Wage in the Lumbering Industry. Pursuant to the provisions of the " Male Minimum Wage Act," the Board of Adjustment, constituted under the " Hours of Work Act, 1923," having made due inquiry, hereby orders:— 1. That where used in this Order the expression " lumbering industry " includes all operations in or incidental to the carrying-on of logging camps, shingle-mills, sawmills, planing-mills, lath-mills, sash and door factories, box-factories, barrel-factories, veneer-factories, and pulp and paper mills, and all operations in or incidental to the driving, rafting, and booming of logs. 2. That, subject to the other provisions of this Order, the minimum wage for all employees in the lumbering industry shall be the sum of forty cents per hour. 3. That the number of handicapped, part-time, and apprentice employees in respect of whom a permit may be obtained pursuant to the said " Male Minimum Wage Act" authorizing the payment of a wage less than the minimum wage otherwise payable under this Order shall, in the case of each employer, be limited to ten per centum of his employees. Dated at Victoria, B.C., this twenty-ninth day of September, 1926. J. D. McNiven, Chairman, T. F. Paterson, F. V. Foster, Members of the Board of Adjustment. Increased Pay for 9,000 Workers. According to the figures available to the Board at the time the Order was made, there were nearly 24 per cent, of the lumber-workers in all branches of the industry in the Province who were being paid less than 40 cents an hour, and it was estimated that the Order would mean an increase of pay for nearly 9,000 workers. This estimate was borne out in the figures laid before the Board by a large number of employers who favoured the minimum being placed at a lower figure, and who set forth that a 40-cent minimum would mean a substantial addition to the cost of operating their mills. As against this was the possibility that a higher wage would attract a better class of labour. It had come to the notice of the Board that there was a large body of white labour employed in the industry at low wages, and that these men, having no higher rates of pay in prospect, had not regarded this work as their permanent calling. This had meant the absence of an incentive to attain a higher degree of efficiency, and also frequent changes of personnel, both of which conditions had been a liability rather than an asset to the industry. The fixing of a legal minimum wage, it was considered, would make for an improvement in these matters. Orientals in Mills and Camps. Undoubtedly the position in the lumbering industry was complicated by the fact that a large number of Orientals were employed, mainly, though not entirely, in the lower-paid occupations. For several years past the numbers of these Oriental workers, if not declining, had failed to increase in proportion to the growth of the industry, but they were still sufficiently numerous to affect the general rates of pay. The Board found it necessary to go very thoroughly into this aspect of the question. Of the men employed in the lumbering industry in 1925, 20.46 per cent, were Asiatics, but the percentage varied considerably in the various branches of the industry. In the logging camps there were only 7.53 per cent.; on logging-railways, 14.22 per cent.; in planing-mills, 36.85 per cent.; in sawmills, 33.73 per cent.; in shingle-mills, 46.85 per cent.; and in box-factories and sash and door mills, 11 per cent. Sawmills employed the largest number, and here again the percentage varied very considerably in different mills. The result of investigations made it appear that a comparatively small number of large firms, situated in or within easy distance of the bigger centres of population, had come to rely upon the Oriental to a much larger extent than was common to the industry as a whole. It is not without significance that some of the loudest complaints against the establishment of a minimum' wage were received from these quarters. 1 Alternative Proposal made by Manufacturers. A proposal was made by the representatives of large lumbering interests that the minimum wage should be fixed at a lower figure, or that the Order should apply only to a given percentage of the employees, corresponding broadly to the number of white workers in the industry; the lumbermen, on their part, to agree to the gradual reduction, and eventually the total elimination, of the Oriental worker. The latter part of the proposal was not worked out in detail, as the Board took the position that, apart from any cons!deration of its feasibility, the terms of the Act precluded them from dealing with the question in this way. The attitude taken by the REPORT OF THE DEPUTY MINISTER, 1926. F 43 Board is that, under the present law, any orders made must apply impartially to all workers, irrespective of nationality. At the time of the Order coming into effect, probably more than half of the lumber-workers receiving less than 40 cents an hour were Orientals. Careful inquiry showed that, while there had been no restriction upon an employer as to the nationality of his workers or the rates of pay they were to receive, the white worker did, in fact, command about a 25-per-cent. higher rate of pay than the Oriental worker following the same occupation. There was common testimony that the greater efficiency of the white worker entitled him to this higher pay; it seemed reasonable to expect that, if an employer found himself obliged to pay his Oriental workers 40 cents an hour, he would be willing to pay his white workers more, or, alternatively, that a large additional number of white workers would be introduced into the industry. The Case of Handicapped Workers. As to the handicapped man, the part-time employee, and the apprentice, who were permitted to be paid at a rate lower than the legal minimum, the Board laid it down that no man should be placed upon the handicapped list except at his own request. In their Order the Board limited the number of employees permitted to be paid by any employer a sum less than the minimum wage to 10 per cent, and the permits issued up to the present have in no case approached that number. The Order went into force on November 1st, and was therefore operative only two months of the period covered by this report. The months of November and December are normally a very quiet period in the lumbering industry, and 1926 provided no exception to the rule; but it does not seem reasonable to attribute any slackness in the industry to the minimum wage, as the lumber-mills of Washington and Oregon, where there is no legal minimum wage, and which are governed by very similar business conditions, were feeling the effects of trade depression as much as our own. Inspection of Mills on the Coast. In the last two weeks of the year an inspection was made by officials of the Department of Labour of thirty-one of the principal sawmills in the Coast area, and in each case an examination of books was made. From the data thus obtained the following report was made:—i Summary of Number of Employees in Thirty-one Sawmills, covering ttie Pay-roll Period of November, 1926, and a Comparison with the Figures submitted by the same Firms m 1925. 1925. 1926. Total employees 6,489 Total employees 7,111 Whites 3,582 Whites 4,672 Orientals 2,907 Orientals 2,439 This shows an increase in the total number of employees of 622 Decrease In Oriental employees 468 Increase in white employees '. 1,090 Increase of total employees = 9% per cent. In 1925 there were 55.20 per cent, of white employees and 44.80 per cent, of Orientals. In November, 1926, there were 65.70 per cent, of white employees and 34.30 per cent, of Orientals. These figures seem a sufficient commentary upon any apprehension that the chief result of the Order would be to benefit the Oriental worker. Validity of the Order challenged. The validity of the Board's Order was early challenged by the employers, and on November 7th a test case was brought before the Magistrate in Vancouver, a summons being taken out by the Board of Adjustment against a lumber firm in that city for failure to post the order of the Board. Counsel for the defendant argued that an order which included one industry and failed to include other industries was invalid, but the Magistrate overruled this contention and imposed the minimum fine of $10. The defendants lodged an appeal, which was heard by Chief Justice Hunter three days later. Defendant's counsel again used the same argument as in the Court below, submitting that the F 44 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. intention and meaning of the Act provided for full inquiry being conducted by the Board into every line of industry before fixing a minimum wage affecting any industry. The order affecting the lumber industry was simply an interim order, which the Board did not possess the right to enact. The Board had no right to discriminate against one line of industry. The Chief Justice disagreed with this contention, and held that the intention of the Act was that the Board should hold inquiries and make orders from time to time. Otherwise, if defendant's contentions were upheld, the Act would be unworkable. He dismissed the appeal. The Case in Court of Appeal. The defendants took the case a further step, and a decision was given a few weeks later by the British Columbia Court of Appeal. Chief Justice Macdonald upheld the ruling of Mr. Justice Hunter, and in doing so was supported by Mr. Justice McPhillips, Mr. Justice Martin, and) Mr. Justice M. A. Macdonald. Mr. Justice Galliher dissented. The effect of this ruling was to affirm the conviction recorded against the defendant firm. No further appeal was taken. Reasons for dismissing the Appeal. Chief Justice Macdonald, in giving judgment, said:— " The prosecution is founded on the provisions of the ' Male Minimum Wage Act,' chapter 32 of the Acts of 1925, which enacts that every employer shall post up in his establishment a copy of the order of the Board fixing a minimum wage for his employees. It was for a breach of the Act, not for a breach of the order of the Board, that the appellants were convicted. " Their answer to the charge, and the only one open to them, is that the order was made without authority of the Act, and is therefore null and void. They submit that no obligation was imposed upon them by the Act to post up a piece lof paper which in contemplation of law had no existence. The question for decision, therefore, is not whether the Board made the right order or the wrong order, but whether they had power to make the order, whether it were right or wrong. Mr. Farris, appellant's counsel, made two submissions in support of his contention, that the Board had no power to make any order in the terms of the one in question. He argued that they were authorized to fix a minimum wage for those engaged in ' occupations,' not a minimum wage for those engaged in ' industries,' and that the order is of the latter description. Secondly, he argued that the Board were authorized to fix a minimum wage only for all those engaged in an ' occupation' throughout the Province, not for some of them merely. " I shall deal first with the latter contention, since, in my opinion, the answer to it will determine the appeal. " The question, it will be borne in mind, is not whether the order is right or wrongs but whether it is or is not null and void. It is conceded that the Board has power to fix a minimum wage for those in occupations to which the Act applies. It is also conceded that the Board is authorized to make an order that all those employees, for instance, engineers, blacksmith, etc., throughout the Province shall receive not less than a stated wage. But it is denied that this may be done, as it were, piecemeal. It must be applied to all engineers, etc., irrespective of the particular industry to which they may be attached for the time being. That is the appellants' contention. That contention, in my opinion, goes only to the legality of the order, not to the powers of the Board to make it. The Board has power to make a general order. We will assume that they mistakenly made a limited one; that order may be wrong but not a nullity. The latter is the only question we are concerned with. The Act itself, I think, contemplates successive orders and admits of the fixing of minimum wages for all employees engaged in occupations connected with particular industries. It would be difficult otherwise to give effect to the peculiar circumstance of separate employers contemplated by the Act. " I now come to the first submission mentioned above, that the Board by the order complained of, wdthout authority fixed a minimum wage to be paid to employees in an ' industry,' not of an ' occupation.' Agreeing with Mr. Farris, as I do, that the wage must have reference to the occupation, not to the industry, it becomes necessary to examine into its substance, which is the fixing of a minimum wage for all employees, whatever their several occupations may be, that is to say, trades or callings, connected with the lumbering industry, at 40 cents an hour. True, it does not specify those occupations by name, but it includes them all in the 40-cent rate. Now, whether or not that is a fair way of dealing with them, having regard to the different standards of wages, is not the question. The question is one of ultra vires or intra vires, not merely right or wrong. REPORT OF THE DEPUTY MINISTER, 1926. F 45 " I am satisfied that the Board had power to make the order in question, so that the conviction ought to be affirmed. " Whether or not they exercised their powers properly in the premises, I find it unnecessary to say. I do not wish to go beyond what is strictly necessary for the decision of this appeal. I would dismiss the appeal." A Dissentient Judgment. Mr. Justice Galliher's judgment was as follows:— " I am of the view that the word 'occupation' in the second line of clause 3 of the ' Minimum Wage Act,' S.B.C. 1925, chapter 32, has reference to occupations of employees and not to industries in which the employer may be engaged. Section 13i of the Act would seem to strengthen that view. " Assuming this to be right, the Board are directed to fix a minimum wage for such employees in the manner provided in the Act. " The Board are further directed to make such inquiries as it deems necessary for the purposes of the Act by section 4, and section 5 enacts: (1) After inquiry the Board may by order establish a minimum wage for employees and may establish a different minimum wage for different conditions and times of employment. " Then there are other directions which do not affect the point raised here. " The Board proceeded under the Act, made certain inquiries, and fixed a minimum wage for those employed in lumber industries only, and objection is taken that they are in error in dealing with the Act piecemeal. " The point is, should the Board first proceed to make all inquiries relating to the employment of those engaged in different classes or occupations, fix a minimum wage for each class, and then, or at the same time, if different conditions and times of employment require it in certain cases, fix a different minimum wage in those cases, or can they proceed as they did here, and fix a minimum wage for one industry before fixing any general minimum wage? " My view of the ' Minimum Wage Act' is that the Board should first fix a minimum wage for a class of occupations, say a carpenter, a blacksmith, or a stationary engineer, so that not less than a stipulated wage may be paid to him in the carrying-on of his occupation generally, no matter how favourable the conditions are, thus establishing a basis which shall be the minimum in that occupation; then, having established that basis, the Board may, where the employee is engaged in his occupation, where the conditions are hazardous to life or health (to instance mining) or for other good reasons within the Act, grade up (if I may use the expression) the minimum wage to the employee under such conditions. " Once you have established your minimum wage for an occupation you cannot grade down; if conditions call for it, it may be graded up, and to grade up you must have a basis or foundation to start from. " I do not say it is not open to other construction, but the best consideration I can give It leads me to the above conclusion. I would allow the appeal." Cooks' Wages in Lumber Camps. During the period when this report was in preparation for the press a case was heard at Prince George by County Court Judge Robertson, in which two men employed as cooks by a lumber company claimed that they were entitled to be paid the minimum wage. The Judge held that they were not so entitled, as employment of this nature was not included in the order made by the Board. The legal argument in the case turned upon the question of whether the occupation of a cook was " incidental to " the lumbering industry. The plaintiffs laid the circumstances before the Board of Adjustment, stating that, while they were dissatisfied with the ruling of the County Court Judge and desired to enter an appeal, they were not financially in a position to do so. Judging that it was desirable to have an authoritative decision on the matter, the Board instructed counsel to argue the case on behalf of the plaintiffs in the Court of Appeal. This Court, consisting of Chief Justice Macdonald, Mr. Justice McPhillips, Mr. Justice Galliher, and Mr. Justice M. A. Macdonald, unanimously reversed the decision of the County Court Judge, and held that the plaintiffs were entitled to be paid the legal minimum wage as laid down in the order affecting the lumbering industry. Other Industries and the Act. In the last few months the Board have been conducting investigations into conditions in other industries, with a view to issuing orders extending the operation of the Act. F 46 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. LABOUR DISPUTES IN 1926. The absence of labour disputes of a serious character was again a welcome feature in the industrial life of the Province during 1926. The more amicable conditions established in 1925 were continued in the past year, and for 1926 there were recorded thirteen disputes involving a stoppage of work. These affected 1,749 workmen and entailed a loss of 28,016 working-days. This compares with 15 disputes, affecting 3,572 workmen, and a loss of 23,300 working-days in 1925, whereas in 1924 no less than 223,876 working-days were lost in nine disputes. An Injunction and Damages. Owing to the discharge of two employees, which they held to be contrary to an unexpired annual agreement, seven stage-hands at a Vancouver theatre struck work on January 9th. The manager claimed to have replaced the strikers by other workers, but the union declared the strike still in existence. Early in March an injunction was granted restraining the strikers from interfering with and damaging the business of the theatre by distributing literature to the effect that the theatre was unfair to organized labour. In the following month the manager of the theatre asked to have the injunction made permanent, and also for $700 a week damages for injury to his business. The Court granted the permanent injunction and awarded $1,750 damages against the union. At the end of May the theatre closed down indefinitely, but the members of the stage-hands' union appealed against the Judge's decision. Important Legal Decision. The case, that of " Schuberg versus Local No. 118, International Alliance Theatrical Stage Employees et al.," was afterwards heard by the British Columbia Court of Appeal, consisting of the Chief Justice, Mr. Justice McPhillips, Mr. Justice M. A. Macdonald, and Mr. Justice Martin, and their decision was rendered on January 4th, 1927. The decision of Mr. Justice Gregory in the Supreme Court was upheld by the Chief Justice and Mr. Justice McPhillips, with Mr. Justice Martin and Mr. Justice M. A. Macdonald dissenting. The effect of this division was to confirm the injunction and award of damages given by Mr. Justice Gregory. The evidence given in the case was briefly as follows: Schuberg, the owner of the Empress Theatre in Vancouver, who had for a long time employed seven stage-hands, gave notice that after a certain date he would employ only five. The stage-hands and their union objected to this change, and a strike followed. The owner then engaged five new employees, and the union thereupon placed men at the entrance to the theatre, who distributed handbills addressed to " the theatre-going public of Greater Vancouver," stating in large type that " the Empress Theatre is unfair to organized labour." The union also caused motor-cars and sandwich-men displaying signs and banners bearing the same statement to parade before the entrance to the theatre. During the continuance of these acts the volume of business at the theatre was materially reduced. The finding of Mr. Justice Gregory in the Supreme Court was that the actions of the union were done with the intention of injuring the plaintiff's business, and in the hope that to save himself from such injury he would return to the employment of the seven stage-hands. He therefore granted the injunction with damages. In the Court of Appeal it was contended that the Provincial Act relating to trade-unions made picketing a lawful act. Omitting words not material, sections 2 and 3 of the Act are as follows:— " 2. No . . . trade-union . . . shall be enjoined . . . nor shall it or its funds ... be made liable in damages for communicating to any workman, . . . labourer, employee, or person facts respecting employment or hiring by or with any employer, producer, or consumer or distributer of the products of labour or the purchase of such products, or for persuading or endeavouring to persuade by fair or reasonable argument, without unlawful threats, intimidation, or other unlawful acts, such workman, . . . labourer, employee, or person, to refuse to become the employee or customer of any such employer, producer, consumer, or distributer of the products of labour." " 3. No such trade-union . . . shall be enjoined or liable in damages, nor shall its funds be liable in damages, for publishing information with regard to a strike ... or other ' . ' REPORT OF THE DEPUTY MINISTER, 1926. F 47 labour grievance or trouble, or for warning workmen ... or other persons from purchasing, buying, or consuming products produced or distributed by the employer of labour." The above sections were referred to by both Judges who gave judgment in the Court of Appeal. Chief Justice Macdonald, in holding that the appeal should be dismissed, said:— " The Act of this Province, chapter 25S, R.S.B.C, does not assist the defendants. It would protect them only against civil liability for the act of communicating information to workmen concerning the hiring with the employer and against liability for ' persuading or endeavouring to persuade by fair and reasonable argument without unlawful threats, intimidation, or other unlawful acts,' and against liability for warning workmen against seeking employment from the recreant employer. It does not protect them from liability for conspiring to injure the employer in his business and from intentionally injuring him." Mr. Justice M. A. Macdonald in his judgment gave prominence to the right of " warning " given in section 3. He said:— " It is not necessary that the ' warning' should be based on ' fair or reasonable argument' or confined to ' communicating facts' as in section 2. If such was intended these words should have been incorporated in section 3. If the handbills and banners answer the general description of a warning to intending patrons immunity is secured. One might suggest that the warning should not mislead the public as to the true facts—that it should not contain the expression of a . biased opinioii or make unwarranted assertions. But these considerations concern the lawmaking body, not the Courts. I must hold that,- however crude the means employed, the handbills and banners did convey a warning of the existence of a strike or of a labour grievance, and that it affords an answer to the respondent's claim. It cannot be said that any one reading these handbills would not receive a warning that a trade dispute was going on. He may not, indeed will not, get the true facts in regard to it, but he does get a warning. . . . Nor do I think (without discussing whether or not the element of malice is an ingredient) that acts performed pursuant to legislative permission should be regarded as done maliciously." Musicians, Vancouver. In sympathy with the stage-hands at the same theatre, six musicians went out on January 11th, complaining also that an agreement had been violated. When the theatre closed down at the end of May employment conditions were no longer affected by the dispute. Moulders, Vancouver and New Westminster. This dispute, which affected the moulders employed at about a dozen shops in Vancouver and New Westminster, began on March 31st. Previous to the strike, moulders and core-makers were paid at the rate of $5.70 a day of eight hours, and the men asked that the daily rate be advanced to $6.50. A committee of the International Moulders' Union approached the employers, with a view to a discussion with a similar committee, but the employers stated that they preferred to deal with the men in their respective shops. Later the employers offered an advance of 15 cents a day, and, this being refused, after further deliberation they offered another 15 cents, to make the wage $6 a day. This also was considered unsatisfactory, and on March 31st about 100 men went on strike. The stoppage lasted for over four months, though from time to time small groups of men were taken back on their own terms. Efforts to bring about a joint conference were of no avail, and on August 12th the strike was called off by the union. Higher Pay for Shipyard-workers. Early in March the shipyard-workers of Vancouver and district formulated a request for an increase in wages; the carpenters, who were receiving $6.50 for an eight-hour day, asked for $7, and the caulkers asked for an increase from $6.75 to $7.50. On March 8th they gave the employers twenty days' notice to comply with these demands. The employers, however, refused to consider an increase of pay until the completion of work on existing contracts, and also complained that in some cases the class of workers supplied was unsatisfactory. When the notice for an increase expired the men agreed to continue work at the existing rates for another thirty days. Negotiations followed and were carried on until May 8th without any stoppage of work. On that date an agreement was made on the basis of a 50-cent per day increase for both classes, but the new rate not to become effective on existing contracts until August 1st. On new contracts and repair-work the new scale became operative on May 15th. F 48 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. Painters, Vancouver. The demand for a five-day week was the main feature of a dispute between the painters of Vancouver and their employers, wmich commenced on April 12th. Other demands were for an increase of pay from $6.50 to $7.50 a day and a closed shop. There were 220 men affected by the strike, which commenced on April 12th. Some of the employers met the situation promptly by offering $7 a day, with the question of a five-day week put back for further consideration. This led to a partial resumption of work, and in the course of a few days most of the men had gone back, no general agreement as to wages being reached. Web Pressmen, Vancouver. A dispute affecting eighteen web pressmen occurred in one of the newspaper offices in Vancouver, over an arrangement for changing the hours of employment on Saturday so as to do away with overtime on the Sunday paper. The normal working-hours had been from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m., with overtime rates for those working from 6 p.m. to midnight. The change had the effect of dividing the staff into three crews, the 'first working from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m., the second beginning work at 11 a.m., and the third at 1 p.m., the second and third crews finishing the run on the Sunday paper with little or no overtime. The dispute, which began on Saturday afternoon, April 24th, was settled at a conference between the employer and the men's international representative, it being agreed that the men .should work on the new schedule. Work was resumed on the Monday morning, no Sunday paper having been issued. Carpenters and a Five-day Week. A proposal was put forward early in February by certain of the trade-unions in Vancouver and district, affecting chiefly the building trades, in favour of the introduction of a five-day working-week; in other words, for the suspension of work on Saturdays. Notice was given by the Carpenters' Union that their members would inaugurate the new plan on Saturday, May 1st. It was argued that the effect of the change would be to spread work over a longer period, thereby stimulating activity in the winter months; and also that the working-man was entitled to a rest on Saurday. On April 20th the Vancouver, New Westminster, and District Trades Council passed a resolution approving of the principle of a five-day working-week. The demand came at a very busy period in the building trade and contractors strongly opposed it. Notices were posted on the jobs that all carpenters were expected to turn up for work on Saturday, May 1st, as usual, and that if they did not do so their names would be removed from the pay-rolls. The employers also stated that men who were prevented from working on that day " by some untoward circumstance," but who would report on the Monday morning and give an undertaking to work five and a half days in the week, would be kept in employment. Some of the contractors on small-house building were said to be willing to concede the five-day week, but all the employers with large contracts on hand refused to give in. If, they further said, a higher daily wage were to be secured as the result of the five-day week becoming general in Vancouver, it would result in more men coming to the city, with consequently less employment than ever to go round during the winter months. On Saturday, May 1st, about 1,000 carpenters in Vancouver and district absented themselves from work and a large number answered a roll-call at the Labour Hall. It was stated by firms engaged on large contracts that the stoppage had been general, though the carpenters had not taken their tools off the jobs when they left work on the Friday. In addition to the 1,000 union carpenters who had left work, it was stated that there were 200 non-union men out, and that 250 brick-layers and SO floor-layers were also affected. On the Monday morning the men turned up for work, but in answer to the question, " Are you prepared to work more than five days a week, or will you continue to stay off on Saturdays?" nearly all of them answered that they were working a five-day week and no more. In accordance with the contractors' expressed intention, superintendents on the large contracts did not allow the men to start work, but on many of the house-building jobs in the suburbs work went on just as usual. As to the extent of the dispute, it was stated by union representatives that not more than 100 carpenters were being kept out of their jobs, but these were joined by a number of steel-workers, plasterers, and others, though denial was given to a statement that a sympathetic strike had been called. REPORT OF THE DEPUTY MINISTER, 1926. F 49 As an offset to the demand for a five-day week, the next step was taken by the contractors, and was in the form of an offer to increase the pay of carpenters from $7 to $7.50 a day, on a working-week of five days and a half. A meeting of the men was called at short notice and was attended by 528. On a vote being taken, they rejected the employers' offer by a majority of about seven to two. However, on May 11th a conference was held between representatives of the General Contractors' Association and the Carpenters' Union, when the proposition was put forward for an immediate advance of pay to $7.50 for an eight-hour day and a continuance of the working-week of five and a half days until May 1st, 1927. This was agreed to and the strike was immediately called off, the parties agreeing to confer together sixty days before the lapse of the agreement, to discuss wages and conditions for the following year. Work was resumed on Wednesday, May 12th. Firemen and Engineers, New Westminster. Six firemen and engineers employed at a sawmill in New Westminster struck work on May 17th, a request for increased wages having been refused. The rates in effect were from $70 to $150 per month, and the scale requested by the men ranged from $120 to $200 per month. By the end of June the strikers had obtained work elsewhere and there was no formal settlement of the dispute. Carpenters, Victoria. The rate of pay for carpenters in Victoria and district, which was $6 per day, was the subject of a complaint by the Carpenters' Union, who pointed out that this wage was1 lower than was being paid to carpenters In the other leading cities of Western Canada. Negotiations for an increase were opened early in the spring, and later a specific request was made for an increase to $7 per day, to be effective from May 17th. In order that longer notice might be given to outside contractors, the date was afterwards changed to June 1st. At a meeting of carpenters on May 22nd it was reported that the employers, or those of them who were members of the Builders' Exchange, had declined to meet the representatives of the men to discuss the proposed increase. By resolution it was decided to notify the Builders' Exchange that the men were prepared to sign a twelve months' agreement providing for a $7 a day wage. Failing a satisfactory reply before May 31st, the resolution called for a strike to commence on June 1st. The men took the position from the beginning of the dispute that an agreement with the Builders' Exchange must be an essential part of any settlement. This was somewhat of a complication, as certain of the employers were better able than others to carry on their operations without the work of union carpenters. On the second day of the strike it was reported that eighty men had left work, and a number of non-union men made common cause with the union strikers, bringing the total of those affected up to 130. Through the efforts of Mr. J. D. McNiven, Deputy Minister of Labour, representatives of employers and employed were brought together for a conference on June 4th. The outcome was an offer by the Builders' Exchange to pay $6.50 for an eight-hour day, the new rate to commence on August 1st, and to be dependent upon the men returning to work immediately. The carpenters took a ballot on this offer, and rejected it by a unanimous vote, also passing a resolution to stand out solidly for $7 a day and an agreement. The strike proceeded without further incident for two weeks longer, and then Mr. McNiven called another meeting of the parties on June 23rd. This was attended by the men's committee, but not by a full representation of the employers, and no immediate decision was possible; but another meeting was arranged for the following day, and on this occasion an agreement was signed by the Builders' Exchange and the Carpenters' Union. The agreement was for an immediate resumption of work with an increase of pay from $6 to $6.50 per day, and a further increase to $7 at the beginning of September. Work was resumed on June 25th. Stage Employees, Victoria. Three employees at a theatre in Victoria left work on June 23rd over a dispute as to the number of men required to do the work. It was contended by the manager that the three men, whose total wages amounted to $124 a week, were doing work which he was able to do himself with one assistant and he asked that the staff be cut to two men, but this was not agreed to, and the men's places were filled. 4 F 50 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. Pile-drivers, Vancouver and New Westminster. All the pile-drivers and bridge-workers on the Lower Mainland went on strike on July 1st and work was tied up on many contracts. Their demand was for an increase in wages of $1 a day. The employers offered to concede 50 cents a day, but this was not acceptable to the men as a body, though in a few instances work was resumed on that footing. The dispute continued until August 10th, when those of the men who were still out on strike agreed to accept the 50-cent increase and work was resumed. Eighty men were affected by the dispute. Cannery Employees, New Westminster. Some of the employees at a fruit and vegetable cannery who were working part time at piece-rates, complained that their earnings were very low, and refused to begin work on July 6th. They were told that they must begin work or lose their employment, and most of them returned to work, but eleven of them were discharged. Musicians, Vancouver. The International Federation of Musicians having called a strike in a number of cities in the United States, to enforce a demand for higher wages, the same terms were asked for on behalf of the musicians employed at theatres in Vancouver. It appeared very likely that there would be a strike on September 6th, the date when the men sought to have the new wage scale brought into effect, but negotiations at the last moment brought about a settlement. As a result the minimum weekly wage for musicians in first-class legitimate houses was fixed at $80 a week, with a minimum of $06 a week in big picture-houses, and of $48 a week in smaller houses. Electrical Workers, Vancouver. The linemen and groundmen working for a firm in Vancouver, to the number of seventeen, complained of the conditions under which they were working, one of them being that they were expected' to cut a line which had been constructed by non-union workmen. They left work on October 1st and remained out until the 18th. Settlement was reached as the result of a conference, the employers conceding an increase of pay of 25 cents a day, to $7.75 for eight hours, and signing an agreement accepting the workmen's conditions. Shingle-sawyers, Vancouver District. About 90 men employed by three shingle firms in the Vancouver District left work respectively on November 5th, 8th, and 10th. The wages of shingle-sawyers had varied from time to time according to trade conditions, and at the beginning of November the employers submitted that owing to business depression they could no longer afford the rates of pay to which the men had been raised earlier in the year. There are conflicting accounts as to the course of events in the following few days. Employers submitted that the sawyers, after tacitly accepting a 10-per-cent. cut, which would have reduced their wages in some cases from $10 to $9 a day, suddenly refused to go on working. At one of the mills, however, the men's statement was to the effect that " the sawyers were notified on November 9th that a cut In wages was made to take effect November 1st. We were notified of a cut after we had worked eight days, and when we asked to discuss the matter we were simply told to either take a cut or go to the office and get our pay." When the dispute had been in progress about a week the men agreed to accept a wage cut in accordance with the employers' terms. At one mill they resumed work on November 15th. At a second mill a Chinese crew was put on, but after the cut was accepted by the white men some of the latter were taken back from time to time. The third firm, who complained of the peremptory manner in which the men had struck, said they considered they were to some extent under an obligation to the six Oriental sawyers who had been taken on, though they preferred white men for the work. At the end of the year no formal settlement of the strike had been reported, conditions in the industry generally being rather unsettled. REPORT OF THE DEPUTY MINISTER, 1926. F 51 Summary op Labour Disputes, 1926. Industry or Occupation. Particulars. O SfH Stage-hands— Vancouver- Musicians— Vancouver.. Moulders— Vancouver and New Westminster Shipyard-workers- Vancouver Painters— Vancouver.. Web Pressmen- Vancouver.. Carpenters— Vancouver.. Firemen and Engineers- New Westminster... Carpenters— Victoria.. Stage Employees- Victoria Commenced January 9th, at one theatre in Vancouver, owing to the management having reduced the working staff from seven to five. Dispute continued until the theatre closed down at the end of May. Legal proceedings arising out of the dispute are referred to on a previous page Commenced January 11th, in sympathy with stage-hands in above-mentioned dispute. Continued until the theatre closed down Commenced March 31st. The men asked for an advance of 80 cents a day. The employers offered 30 cents, but as the difference could not be adjusted the men left work. From time to time some of the men were taken back on their own terms, and on August 12th the strike was called off Carpenters and caulkers at shipyards in Vancouver asked for an increase, respectively from $6.50 to $7 and from $6.75 to $7.50 a day. They gave notice of their demands to expire on March 28th, but after that date negotiations were conducted without stoppage of work. The dispute was then settled on the basis of a 50-cent daily increase for both classes, not, however, to become effective on existing contracts until August 1st Commenced April 12th. The men demanded a five-day working-week, an increase in pay from $6.50 to $7.50 a day, and a closed shop. Some employers granted an increase of 50 cents a day, but work was resumed in a few days without a general agreement Commenced April 24th. Affected one newspaper office in Vancouver, the men objecting to a new arrangement of hours to do away with overtime. Settled by conference, the men agreeing to work on the new schedule The men desired to inaugurate a five-day working-week and absented themselves from work on Saturday, May 1st. Many contractors refused to allow them to resume work except on the basis of a five-and-a-half-day working-week, but announced that they were willing to consider an increase of pay of from $7 to $7.50 daily. On May 11th the dispute was settled on those terms Commenced May 17th and affected men employed at one sawmill only. Increased wages were demanded and refused. No formal settlement Commenced June 1st. The men asked for an increase from $6 to $7 a day, secured by a twelve months' agreement. On June 24th an agreement was reached,. the terms being an immediate advance of 50 cents a day and a further similar advance in two months Commenced June 23rd, over a question as to the number of men required to do the work at one theatre. Men's places filled Carried forward 160 850 720 12,000 220 18 1,000 500 36 7,500 130 200 2,600 30 1,550 24,436 F 52 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. Summary of Labour Disputes, 1926—Continued. Industry or Occupation. Particulars. to CD 0> . o au d 3sh M ^ B S3 .2" at51» Eh.S'O 1,550 80 11 18 90 24,436 Pile-drivers—■ Vancouver and New Westminster Cannery Employees— New Westminster Electrical Workers— Commenced July 1st. Men requested a wage increase of $1 a day and the employers offered 50 cents. On August 10th the men agreed to accept employers' offer Commenced July 6th. Some of the female employees at a fruit and vegetable cannery complained that their piecework earnings were very low and left work. The majority, however, went back on employer's terms Commenced October 1st. Men in employ of one firm complained of working conditions, and also objected to cutting a line constructed by non-union workmen. Returned to work on their own terms on October 18th, and also received an increase in pay of 25 cents a day Commenced November 5th. Owing to depression in the industry, employers proposed a cut in wages, which the men refused to accept. After a week's stoppage the men agreed to a cut of 10 per cent., but the resumption of work in some cases was indefinitely delayed 2,000 110 270 Shingle-sawyers— Vancouver District 1,200 1,749 28,016 REPORT OF THE DEPUTY MINISTER, 1926. F 53 EMPLOYMENT SERVICE. Superintendent. Superintendent. Superintendent. Superintendent. General Superintendent Jas. H. McVety, 714 Richards Street, Vancouver. Branch Offices. Vancouver, 714 Richards Street ] Vancouver, 53 Powell Street J. W. S. Dickson, Superintendent. Vancouver (Women's Branch), 714 Richards Street j Victoria, Langley and Broughton Streets ) W v*j « -a « • * j , ■ir, * • ,-nr , t. i v t , j r. ui C4. j. > H- Crisford, Supermtendent. Victoria (Women's Branch), Langley and Broughton Streets ( New Westminster M. Standbridge, Nanaimo J. T. Carrigan Kamloops J. H. How, Penticton A. Gilley, Nelson G. Anderson, Superintendent. Cranbrook Wm. Robson, Superintendent. Revelstoke H. N. Coursier, Superintendent. Prince Rupert J. M. Campbell, Superintendent. Prince George G. C. Sinclair, Superintendent. The following report is submitted by the General Superintendent of the Employment Service:— This statement, covering the work of the British Columbia branch of the Employment Service of Canada, a branch of the Department of Labour, is the eighth annual report and covers the calendar year 1926. There are fourteen offices in operation in the. Province, one less than during the previous year, the Vernon office having been closed at the end of November, changes in industrial conditions in the northern end of the Okanagan Valley making a full-time office no longer necessary. A temporary office was operated at Kelowna from June to November, during the fruit season, and if present conditions continue temporary offices will be opened in both Vernon and Kelowna during the summer months to take care of the labour requirements of fruit-growers and connected industries. The offices in operation are located as follows: Vancouver (3), Victoria (2), New Westminster, Nanaimo, Prince Rupert, Prince George, Cranbrook, Nelson, Revelstoke, Kamloops, and Penticton. In Vancouver and Victoria separate offices are provided for the employment of women, and special sections for dealing with the employment problems of men handicapped through service overseas or injured in industrial life. Summary of Labour Conditions. Measured by the number of persons employed throughout the Province, conditions during the period under review were practically as good as those obtaining during 1925, when 10 per cent, more persons were employed than during any previous year since 1920. There was, however, a surplus of labour in every part of the Province, and severe unemployment conditions in the Coast area during the winter months. Despite steps taken by municipal authorities to discourage an influx of unemployed into the Coast cities during the winter, they came in large numbers, and it became necessary to provide a certain amount of relief-work for residents whose chances of employment were greatly reduced or entirely wiped out owing to the competition of so many new-comers. The situation became easier during the summer, but the surplus was sufficient to permit of the transfer of 7,400 harvesters to the Prairie Provinces during the month of August. During the year the offices of the Employment Service placed a slightly larger number of persons than during 1925, a shrinkage of 20 per cent, in the number of harvesters sent out being more than compensated for by the increased number of placements within the Province. With the exception of a comparatively few positions for which workmen with special qualifications were required, principally in new industries or for operating imported machinery in existing plants, the Service was able to supply all the help required. The Handicap sections of the Vancouver and Victoria offices continued the good work of the previous year and, despite the large number of handicapped workers engaged in industry, were able to exceed the number of placements recorded for the previous year. The number of F 54 . DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. new arrivals from other parts of Canada and the British Isles, however, exceeded the number placed in positions with a prospect of permanence, so that no appreciable reduction in the number of unemployed has been effected. Business transacted during the Year. On other pages the details of the business transacted are shown by a chart and tables, the figures showing the work by offices and by months. The total number of placements show a slight increase as compared with the previous year, a contraction of 20 per cent, in the number sent to other Provinces being overcome by an increase in placements within the Province. Uncertain and unsatisfactory weather conditions in the Prairie Provinces accounted for the reduction in number of harvesters placed, many of those who enlisted for this work the previous year not having made sufficient surplus to justify the time, labour, and expense involved. Although there was a large surplus of labour in every part of the Province throughout the year, the number of employers who prefer to hire their help through the offices of the Service rather than interview applicants on the job is steadily increasing. A feature of interest was the number of persons transferred from one office zone to another, the Vancouver offices having forwarded 1,2S0 persons to fill orders received by other offices which could not be filled in the localities where the help was required. The number of persons placed during the year was 50,022, and of this number 31,066 were sent to " regular " positions, the duration of employment 'ranging from one week to permanence. The balance, 18,956, filled " casual " vacancies, where the work was expected to last less than one week, but often developed into employment at frequent intervals or permanent employment. The number of women placed was 9,295, and of this number 4,315 filled " regular " positions; the balance, 4,980, went to " casual " employment, principally in the domestic service branch. The work of the Handicap sections of tbe Victoria and Vancouver offices, although included in the aggregate figures, is dealt with separately in another paragraph. The chart on page 55 shows the rise and fall of applications for employment, employers' orders, and placements of applicants by weeks. Unlike previous years, the fluctuations are less marked, the only exception being during the dispatch of harvesters to the Prairie Provinces. Harvest-labourers for Prairie Provinces. The arrangement with the railways and the Employment Service of Alberta and Saskatchewan, whereby labourers are given reduced rates of travel, was continued during the season of the period under review. The number, however, was approximately 20 per cent, less than during 1925, the reduction resulting from unsatisfactory returns during the previous season due to uncertain and bad weather conditions. Of the 7,336 persons sent, Alberta received 2,547 men and 237 women, Saskatchewan 4,164 men and 304 women, and Manitoba 70 men and 24 women. There were 3,641 of the number went in possession of letters from farmers by whom they had previously been employed, offering employment for the season. From 294 rural communities 2,643 settlers were sent, an increase of 412 over the previous year. From the increasing number of settlers on the land in this Province who are taking advantage of the opportunity to earn money during the slack season on their own places, it is a safe conclusion that the harvest movement is a material aid to permanent land colonization in this Province. As usual, the demand from the Prairie Provinces for men from British Columbia was much greater than the supply, but again, unfortunately, the weather conditions were such that many of the men did not do as well financially as expected. Seasonal Labour in Agriculture. Ever since the growing of small fruits on the southern end of Vancouver Island and the Lower Mainland has reached the commercial stage, the problem of obtaining sufficient help to pick the crops has been more or less acute. The date when the help is required depends entirely on weather conditions, and uncertainty on this point, coupled with low rates of remuneration, makes the recruiting of sufficient help very difficult. The growth of hops on a large scale in the Fraser Valley is likely to accentuate the situation, unless the hop-picking comes at or near the end of the berry-picking season. On the other hand, there is always a plentiful supply of female help for canneries and other branches of industry in which the minimum wage rates are fixed by the Minimum Wage Board, and from this it would appear that the regulation of hours and REPORT OF THE DEPUTY MINISTER, 1926. F 55 Chart showing Applications, Vacancies, and Placements Week by Week during 1926. 1 § S SsS £ ° « csis s§S$!scsh8 * * ..<£.'' Ns 5 7" T* 5*" ■ S *■ 2* ^ ^ * 7 ^ 4 •^S \ ^ _ j. ja v> * r!> S 5 X g 9 \ Vk T^r A ■\ V "''J3 k ^ / - ft \5 5 —,<■ ** v\ * u *,'<■ ^ * — -j L § *■£- K * % tiS * X ~ tX ™ * : _- — — -~l " , -&t Od o a ■&*■** -****1--*^ -i + t S? ""^^ jS- - 'v- $$ $ I'5--^ * % ■'* "--i-*^2«*»»»-fciA;«. X % l^u.g- } * *-N '* '*^ . ^. ^ Jz- -Sl-ft ^ * cr .:«.,«" fcS % t=_ N s ,, ,. ,._r -=~.^_ J»- *V 1 1; ^ ! ■z* % **>; f- #* _ _ _-^ 'ij! 0 £r ■ - ^ Sy < ^ fjp 1 \- Ill 1 " III c - "i I ? ^ Jrc° <« H;>s T^g 75 a? |!=lll C" * ^°; \ ^ 0 ■ > H "''5, ■ - % x c s^ ^ > H ■ ^ v^ * < / »a_ ^J 1 V 1 0 x -^ ^■^ ) V V * ■ 3 * p 0 k s5 I 1 ^ > ■ji* $ ^ *> •& 8ss S£SSS 8 £ 9 5 S, s o c S s s s c <1 \ 0 V«* KS; ^ S <*i <s \ Q d c q c c S S s c c c S ■? ^ S C "5 Q ■ F 56 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. wages is the solution of the problems confronting those engaged in the fruit and hop industry on the Lower Mainland. In the Okanagan Valley and the Kootenay and Crowsnest Districts the supply of local labour has been sufficient to meet the requirements, supplemented by quite a number of persons who go into the Interior for a change during the summer months. Re-establishment or Handicapped Men. Since December 1st, 1924, the work of placing handicapped ex-service men in employment, previously carried on by the Dominion Government Department of Soldiers' Civil Re-establishment, has been in the charge of the Employment Service, the expenses for additional staff required for this work being paid by the Dominion Government, it being the view of Dominion officials that the work can be better taken care of by a Department engaged exclusively in employment problems. Under the new arrangement special sections were created in the Vancouver and Victoria offices, and the employees in these sections devote their full time to the task of finding suitable employment for handicapped men registered for work, and finding suitable men to fill vacancies where employers are willing to accept men whose efficiency has been reduced by injuries received overseas or in industry. Early in the year a Citizens' Committee was formed in Vancouver for the purpose of providing employment for handicapped ex-service men, the movement being supported by many- leading citizens and the newspapers of the city. The organization also met with the approval of the Department of Soldiers Civil Re-establishment, and a grant of $150 per month was made for a period of three months towards the salary of the secretary. The objects of the organization were stated as follows:— " The whole scheme is to have as its objective the stimulation of as wide interest as possible in order to provide greater opportunities for the employment of handicapped ex-service men, that the secretary shall work in the closest co-operation with the Employment Service of Canada and the Department of Soldiers Civil Re-establishment, calling in the assistance of appropriate members of the Advisory Committee when they can help." Unfortunately this programme was not adhered to, with the result that some confusion occurred through the duplication of the form of organization and records already provided in the Handicap section of the Employment Service. The results obtained were negligible and at the end of three months the work was abandoned. Reference was made in a previous report to the number of Canadian and Imperial pensioners in the Province, the approximate number being 7,000, and of these about three-quarters are located on the Lower Mainland and the southern end of Vancouver Island. It will be readily seen that this number of handicapped ex-service men added to those injured in industry has provided the Coast area of the Province with a problem greater than that of any similar area in Canada. The problem is further complicated by the absence of highly developed and widely specialized processes of refined manufactures such as are established in the older-settled communities. Logging, lumbering, fishing, and mining are what may be termed primary, extractive industries, and require men who are physically fit. Comparatively speaking, the list of casualties is high and difficulty is experienced in providing re-employment in these industries for those who unfortunately have had their faculties impaired through industrial accidents. In addition to the task of finding employment for handicapped men who have been in the Province for some time, there is a constant stream of new-comers, who, because of medical advice or a personal desire for milder climatic conditions, decide to make their homes in the Vancouver or Victoria districts. During the year 787 new arrivals registered for employment, and of this number 140 made application in Victoria and the balance, 547, in Vancouver. The placements during 1926 totalled 2,087, almost 200 more than during the thirteen-month period covered by the previous report. Of the men sent to employment during the period under review, 773 went to positions where the work lasted for more than one week and in many instances became permanent. The balance, 1,314, filled short jobs where the duration was less than one week. The Victoria office was responsible for 227 " regular " and 587 " casual " placements ; the remainder, 546 and 727 respectively, were arranged by the Vancouver office. It will be noted that the number of" placements with possibilities of permanency was slightly smaller than the number of new arrivals during the year. Keeping in mind the nature of our industries and the number of handicapped men already in employment, the problem of finding work remains REPORT OF THE DEPUTY MINISTER, 1926. F 57 one of the first magnitude. In justice to employers in the Coast area it must be conceded that they have done exceptionally well in absorbing handicapped men, but they cannot be expected to employ the host of new-comers who arrive in Vancouver and Victoria at the rate of approximately three per day. Many of these men, and of those who have been residents of the Province for longer periods, are entirely unfitted for any kind of work available here, and quite a large number, because of increasing debilities due to advancing age, are unable to perform any work, although their pensions are insufficient to maintain them. The problems presented by these men can only be solved by the Imperial and Dominion Governments providing sheltered employment for those still capable of performing some useful labour but unable to obtain employment in industry, and institutional care for those who are unable to work and who are in receipt of insufficient pension allowances to support them. The Employment Service Policy. In view of frequent statements by workmen that the offices of the Employment Service are instructed and give a preference of employment to newly arrived immigrants, it appears advisable to state that no such instructions have ever been received and that no such policy is being followed. The plan followed from the organization of the Service has been to give local residents of the districts in which the offices are located the first choice when filling vacancies, and not to transfer persons from one employment district to another except when absolutely necessary to meet requirements. In addition, for the purpose of saving time and money for unemployed workmen, weekly reports are on file in every office showing the labour-supply in all of the principal centres of the four Western Provinces, and this information is available to any workman who is considering moving to another district or Province. The aim is to place workmen in search of employment in contact with employers who require help, and to discourage workmen from going to districts w:here no opportunities of employment exist. The Immigration Department is kept advised regarding conditions throughout the Province and more particularly with respect to districts in which there is a surplus of labour. Many public and semi-public bodies refer all inquiries received from potential immigrants regarding labour conditions to officials of the Employment Service, on the understanding that accurate up-to-date information will be supplied. Employment-work is difficult to carry on satisfactorily under the best of conditions, but the small number of complaints received, and the degree of support received from employers, workmen, labour organizations, and public bodies generally, appears to warrant the view that during the eight years the Employment Service of Canada has been in existence the results obtained have justified the judgment of those responsible for its organization. Business transacted by Ofeices, 1926. Office. Applications. Employers' Orders. Placements. Transfers in B.C. Transfers to other Provinces. 4,295 3,642 1,495 3,752 5,591 5,124 2,646 1,563 7,303 1,139 29,145 22,326 12,937 3,446 10,076 3,152 2,514 1,452 1,053 1,584 1,439 1,708 1,453 1,153 1,134 379 4,941 11,034 6,847 833 4,731 2,337 2,376 1,238 845 1,573 1,272 1,662 1,368 1,090 1,036 324 4,615 10,981 5,906 762 4,721 2,224 9 31 9 38 2 5 15 4 454 686 140 2 14 13 103 280 83 298 635 102 348 Prince Rupert 334 20 4,720 id 456 175 397 Victoria (Women) 68 Totals 117,632 44,592 41,993 1,422 8,029 F 58 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. Business transacted Monthly, 1926. Month. Applications. Employers' Orders. Placements. Transfers in B.C. Transfers to other Provinces. 10,017 2,277 2,212 37 9.113 2,074 2,008 50 17 9,847 2,846 2,742 63 95 9,315 3,739 3,592 127 318 10,007 4,651 4,380 97 96 8,540 4,721 4,084 126 27 10,844 6,180 5,912 127 21 13,501 4,599 4,166 180 6,100 8,587 4,238 3,983 269 1,253 9,951 4,343 4,162 259 11 8,401 2,246 2,170 43 1 9,509 2,678 2,582 44 117,632 44,592 41,993 1,422 8,029 January February March April May June July August September October November December Totals REPORT OF THE DEPUTY MINISTER, 1926. F 59 INSPECTION OF FACTORIES. Chief Inspector R. J. Stewart. Assistant Inspector H. Douglas. Assistant Inspector Miss A. C. McMullin. Assistant Inspector ..Miss Violet Smart. (Office Court-house, Vancouver.) The following report is submitted by the Chief Inspector of Factories:— In submitting the annual report of the Factory Inspection Department for the year 1926, I am glad to be able to report continued activity in the industrial life of the Province. As our duties require us to visit all factories in which three or more persons are employed, we are thus enabled to form a fairly accurate estimate as to the prevailing state of trade in the Province. In a report of this nature it is rather difficult to give an entire resume of the work performed during the past year, as our duties to a certain extent are of a routine nature. However, we have no hesitation in stating each succeeding year brings a noticeable improvement in the safety, sanitary, and lighting conditions of the factories coming under our jurisdiction. The efforts of the Department of Factory Inspection to assist in conserving the life and limb of workers employed in industrial establishments has with very few exceptions met with voluntary recognition on the part of those to whom orders were issued respecting dangerous conditions. Conclusive proof that the factories in the Province are yearly becoming safer places in which to earn a livelihood is evidenced by the fact that we are not called upon to investigate as many major accidents, and the necessity of our attendance at Coroners' inquests is steadily decreasing. These results have been attained largely through the whole-hearted co-operation of the owners, managers, and workmen engaged in the operation of the plants over which we exercise supervision relating to the safety of those employed therein. We still occasionally meet some individuals not easily converted to safe practices, who prefer to continue to work in the old familiar way, despising safety devices and improved and safe methods, arguing that guards cause inconvenience and decrease production. Persons with these views are a menace to themselves and all others employed in the plant. The value of guards has been proven in too many cases to allow of any reasonable doubt as to their efficiency, and any reluctance upon the part of an employee to use and maintain them in position requires stern disciplinary measures. Elevators. The efforts of this Department to conserve life and limb of workers employed in industrial plants is applied with equal force to the conservation of life and limb of the public in so far as transportation by passenger-elevators is concerned. During the past year a great many new elevators have been installed in order to keep pace with the demands for this class of transportation. All new installations have been provided with some form of interlocking device which prevents the operator from starting the car before the doors are closed and locked. Passengers or would-be passengers often expose themselves to serious injury by following sudden impulses. That this is true we cite the following example: In one of our large office buildings one of the tenants in the building was waiting to be taken to the main floor. The first elevator to pass the floor at which he was waiting was travelling in the " up " direction. The operator, according to a report made to this office, stated that after stopping at that floor she opened the doors and inquired if he was going up; he replied, " No, I am going down." The operator proceeded to close the shaftway doors intending to complete the run and pick him up on the downward trip. For some unaccountable reason the waiting passenger grabbed the door, pushed it open, and tried to board the ascending car, with the result that he was crushed between the car platform and the top of the door, receiving injuries which necessitated the amputation of a portion of his left leg. Our records show that the majority of personal injuries received by the public have occurred when entering or leaving the car. •As various types of interlocking devices which will prevent this type of accident are available, we believe they should be included in the equipment of all passenger-elevators. F 60 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. Complaints. Many of the complaints received at this office are by phone and are from persons who are employed in work-rooms where the lighting and ventilation are poor. In following up these complaints, we invariably find that we have no jurisdiction regarding the matters complained of, owing to the fact that these work-rooms are not factories as defined by the " Factories Act," which stipulates that three or more persons must be employed before we can insist upon compliance with the several sections of the " Factories Act." As a great many of these complaints are made anonymously by some person employed in the work-rooms referred to, we presume they are at a loss to understand why the conditions complained of are not remedied. Prosecutions. With the exception of some laundry-owners operating their factories during prohibited hours, no prosecutions for infractions of the " Factories Act" were instituted during the year. We have, however, on several occasions had to set a final time-limit before the desired results were obtained. It has been the policy of this Department not to prosecute until after every opportunity has been afforded the employers and employees to comply with the law after having been informed of its requirements. Overtime Permits. Owing to the exigencies of the trade, quite a number of requests have been made for overtime permits. These have been granted in all cases where our investigations warranted the issuing of same. Factory Conditions. Factories which are located in buildings designed for the exclusive use of that particular industry, as a rule comply with the requirements of the " Factories Act," or can be made so with minor alterations. It is in rented or leased premises In which a number of small industries are located, and in which divided responsibility exists, that we experience our greatest trouble in obtaining compliance with the several sections of the " Factories Act." Owing to a combination of circumstances, we have during the past year been forced to insist upon rather extensive structural alterations being made to several buildings before proper ventilation, lighting, and heat for the employees could be obtained. REPORT OF THE MINIMUM WAGE BOARD. Officials of the Board : Miss Mabel A. Cameron, Secretary Parliament Buildings, Victoria. Miss Violet Smart, Inspector Court-house, Vancouver. To the Honourable the Minister of Labour, Province, of British Columbia. Sir,—The report of the Minimum Wage Board of British Columbia for the year ended December 31st, 1926, is submitted herewith, being the ninth annual summary of the Board's administration of the Act and Orders relating to women and girl employees. Nine Orders have been promulgated, covering a variety of occupations and industries in which women are engaged. Conference on Fruit and Vegetable Industry. In August the Order relating to the Fruit and Vegetable Industry was reopened at the request of employees, who filed a petition with the Board in accordance with the procedure prescribed by the Act for that purpose. A Conference was convened in Vancouver, the sessions being held at the Court-house on August 20th. In order to give all interested persons an opportunity to be heard meetings were called morning, afternoon, and evening. Employers were represented by Mr. H. C. Wade, of the Dominion Canners (B.C.), Ltd., Vancouver; Mr. J. A. Wattie, of the Western Packing Corporation, Ltd., Vancouver; Mr. A. L. Watson, of the Farmers' Canning Company, Mission City; and Mr. Wm. O'Neill, of the Kelowna Growers' Exchange, Kelowna. The interests of the employees were looked after by Mrs. E. C. T. Venables, of Penticton; Mrs. D. B. McClement, Kelowna; Mrs. N. Wilson and Miss I. Anderson, both of Vancouver. The Board selected Mrs. H. P. Hodges, of Victoria; Mrs. A. Wells Gray, of New Westminster; and Mrs. J. H. Miller, of Vernon, to represent the public. Mr. J. D. McNiven, Chairman of the Board, presided at the meetings, with his colleagues, Mrs. Helen Gregory MacGill and Mr. Thomas Mathews, also in attendance. The Chairman outlined the procedure to be followed by the Conference, and invited testimony from any one in the audience. Many views were presented and ideas advanced for the improvement of the existing Order, which had been in effect since 1922, much stress being laid on different phases of the piece-work problem. After lengthy and unhurried deliberation the conferees unanimously recommended to the Board that the minimum wage for every experienced female employee in the fruit and vegetable industry be the sum of $14.40 for a week of forty- eight hours, either on a time or piece-rate basis. This was an increase of 40 cents over the rate in the previous Order. Hourly rates of 30 cents were recommended for work up to and including ten hours a day, after which the rate should be 45 cents an hour. For inexperienced workers the Conference recommended a weekly rate of $11 during the first two months' employment in the industry, this sum to be paid for either time- or piece-work. An hourly rate of 23 cents was prescribed for work up to and including ten hours a day. Work in excess of ten hours would entitle the employee to 35 cents an hour; these rates to apply whether the basis of employment happened to be time or piece-work. The former Order allowed! three months in which to become experienced. After due consideration the Board accepted these recommendations, basing an Order thereon, which became effective sixty days from September 3rd, 1926. When it is realized that 2,455 women employees wTere reported as being employed in this industry in canneries and packing plants for the busy part of 1926 the importance of the new Order will be appreciated. Collection of Arrears. While most employers are complying with the provisions of the Board's Orders, there are occasions on which, through ignorance or oversight, an employee Is not paid in accordance with the terms of the Order under which she is working. As instances of this kind come to the notice of the Board measures are taken to effect amicable settlements, which, fortunately, are successful in the majority of cases. A natural timidity on the part of employees and a marked aversion to publicity attendant on Court actions leads the Board and its officials to take such drastic means as infrequently as possible. In consequence of this policy, by personal investigation and through F 62 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. correspondence, the sum of $3,315.01 in arrears of wages was collected for underpaid employees. This amount was made up of sums ranging from 75 cents to $400. The woman who received the latter figure had been deprived systematically of a considerable amount each week for a number of months. These collections were negotiated in Vancouver, Victoria, Duncan, Salmon Arm, New Westminster, Mission City, Nelson, Nakusp, Revelstoke, Kamloops, Chilliwack, Penticton, and other parts of the Province. The girls to benefit by the provision of the Act enabling them to receive their arrears were employed in various occupations. Hotel and restaurant employees, factory- workers, beauty-parlour attendants, fruit-cannery help, office clerks, dental assistants, laundresses, telephone operators, all shared in obtaining amounts to make up their correct legal wage. A Few Court Cases. 1. Early in the year a manufacturer's agent was found to be paying his office clerk much lower wages than those prescribed by the Order. Upon the Inspector making a personal investigation the employer expressed his disapproval of the regulations and assumed a defiant attitude towards the law. An information was laid against him for failure to pay the minimum wage. When the case came up for hearing the defendant did not appear and a remand was taken. Next time he was present at the opening of Court but disappeared when his name was called. The case, however, was proceeded with and the employer fined $25 or, in default, ten days. He thereupon put in his appearance and paid the fine. The employee sued for her arrears in the Small Debts Court. 2. An employer in Vancouver paid an office clerk less than her just due. A case was started against him, and when the Police Magistrate heard the evidence he said the accused did not deserve to be let off w'ith the minimum fine, and ordered that a penalty of $50 be imposed, or, in default, thirty days. 3. The owners of a tea-room employed a young lady for less wages than the Public Housekeeping Order required. Proceedings were instituted in the Police Court, and when the case was called a plea of guilty was entered. The Magistrate imposed a fine of $25. 4. In a Vancouver laundry the Inspector found that one of the employees had not been paid the correct wage for the time worked. The case was taken to Court and a conviction registered against the company. A $25 fine was ordered to be paid by the employer. ' 5. An establishment manufacturing candies and confectionery failed to pay the wage prescribed by the Order relating to the Manufacturing Industry. Police Court proceedings were commenced, and after one remand the employer, through his counsel, pleaded that he was manufacturing an article which was sold to the public and the price included cost of production. Counsel then said he was attacking the Act on the grounds that it was indirect taxation. The prosecutor replied that an argument of that nature could not be advanced in the Police Court. An adjournment was granted to communicate with the Attorney-General. However, when the case came up again, counsel for the defendant pleaded guilty and a fine of $25 was imposed by the presiding Magistrate. 6. For permitting two girls to work excessive hours a cafe proprietor in one of the smaller towns was taken to Court, two informations being laid against him. At the trial he entered a plea of guilty to one charge, whereupon the second charge was withdrawn. A fine of $25 was ordered to be paid. Statistical Report. The pay-roll returns required from employers each year were sent in by 3,123 firms, against 2,804 for the previous year. With this increase of 319 reporting firms details of wages and working-hours were submitted for 16,070 women and girl employees. This is an advance of 2,171 over the 1925 total, which accounted for 13,899 employees. To analyse the returns they were divided into nine groups, corresponding to the classifications covered by the Orders of the Board. Separate tables have been compiled for each industry for which an Order has been made. For 1920 the information was supplied for the week of the greatest employment. The figures appearing in the following tables are so tabulated that comparisons with those of former years may be readily made. Reference to the Appendix of this report will make clear exactly what classes of work are included in each grouping. A summary of each Order in convenient form may also be found in the Appendix. REPORT OF THE DEPUTY MINISTER, 1926. F 03 Mercantile Industry. 1926. 1925. 1924. 1923. 1 1922. 1 406 2,820 456 $42,508.65 $4,222.50 $15.07 $9.26 13.92% 44.54 382 2,574 442 $39,017.26 $4,000.50 $15.16 $9.05 14.66% 43.24 335 2,124 341 $32,203.49 $3,028.00 $15.16 $8.88 13.83% 42.95 325 2,000 364 $30,520.25 $3,321,00 $15.26 $9.12 15.4% 42.95 320 Number of employees— 1,828 283 Total weekly wages— $27,577.19 $2,682.00 Average weekly wages— $15.09 $9.48 13.4% 43.7 Percentage of employees under 18 years.... For a week of 48 hours the minimum wage for experienced employees is $12.75; 727 or 22.19 per cent, of all employees reported received this amount, 1,841 or 56.20 per cent, of all employees reported received more than this amount, and 708 or 21.61 per cent, of all employees reported received less than this amount. Those receiving less than the $12.75 included girls under 18, for whom lower rates are set, inexperienced workers over 18 years of age, and employees who worked less than 48 hours and received pay on a pro rata basis. Laundry Industry. Number of firms reporting Number of employees— Over 18 years Under 18 years Total weekly wages— Employees over 18 years Employees under 18 years Average weekly wages— Employees over 18 years Employees under 18 years Percentage of employees under 18 years.... Average hours worked per week 1926. 59 799 123 $11,484.90 $1,288.50 $14.37 $10.48 13.34% 45.02 1925. 53 654 101 $9,545.70 $1,085.00 $14.60 $10.74 13.38% 45.46 1924. 53 625 84 18,859.'00 $889.00 $14.17 $10.58 11.85% 43.69 1923. 53 558 60 !8,026.50 $667.00 $14.38 $11.12 9.71^ 44.33 1922. 46 474 101 $6,880.00 $1,215.50 $14.51 $12.03 17.57% 44.73 For a week of 48 hours the minimum wage for experienced employees is $13.50; 248 or 26.90 per cent, of all employees reported received this amount, 393 or 42.62 per cent, of all employees reported received more than this amount, and 281 or 30.48 per cent, of all employees reported received less than this amount. Those receiving less than the $13.50 included girls under 18, for whom lower rates are set, inexperienced workers over 1$ years of age, and employees who worked less than 48 hours and received pay on a pro rata basis. Public Housekeeping Occupation. Number of firms reporting Number of employees—- ' Over 18 years Under 18 years Total weekly wages— Employees over 18 years Employees under 18 years Average weekly wages— Employees over 18 years Employees under 18 years Percentage of employees under 18 years.... Average hours worked per week 1926. 1925. 399 1,644 79 $27,264.81 $1,114.50 $14.11 4.59% 45.54 356 1,450 67 $23,763.16 $990.50 $16.39 $14.78 4.42% 45.38 1924. 314 1,316 49 $21,493.42 $730.00 $16.33 $14.90 3.59% 45.97 1923. 287 1,174 47 $19,164.50 50 $16.32 $14.61 3.85% 45.42 1922. SIS 287 1,171 44 718.25 $658.00 $15.98 $14.95 3.62 <> 46.23 F 64 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. For a week of 48 hours the minimum wage for experienced employees is $14; 344 or 19.96 per cent, of all employees reported received this amount, 1,163 or 67.50 per cent, of all employees reported received more than this amount, and 216 or 12.54 per cent, of all employees reported received less than this amount. Those receiving less than the $14 included girls under 18, for whom a lower rate is set, a few inexperienced workers over 18 years of age, and employees who worked less than 48 hours and received pay on. a pro rata basis. Office Occupation. 1926. 1925. 1924. 1923. 1922. Number of firms reporting Number of employees— Over 18 years Under 18 years Total weekly wages— Employees over 18 years Employees under 18 years Average weekly wages— Employees over 18 years Employees under 18 years Percentage of employees under 18 years Average hours worked per week , 3,609 147 $68,838.71 $1,878.00 $19.07 $12.78 3.91? 41.94 1,523 3,354 128 i,215.99 ,640.00 $19.74 $12.81 3.68% 41.84 1,171 2,799 92 $54,758.49 $1,113.50 $19.56 $12.10 3.18% 41.9 1,133 2,595 93 $50,285.00 $1,155.50 $19.38 $12.42 3.5% 41.90 1,097 2,502 91 $48,341.00 $1,110.50 $19.32 $12.20 3.5% 41.93 For a week of 48 hours the minimum, wage for experienced employees is $15 (monthly wage $65) ; 519 or 13.82 per cent, of, all employees reported received this amount, 2,858 or 76.09 per cent, of all employees reported received more than this amount, and 379 or 10.09 per cent, of all employees reported received less than this amount. Those receiving less than the $15 included girls under 18, for whom lower rates are set, inexperienced workers over 18 years of age, and employees who worked less than 48 hours and received pay on a pro rata basis. Personal Service Occupation. 1926. 1925. 1924. 1923. 1922. Number of firms reporting Number of employees— Over 18 years Under 18 years Total weekly wages— Employees over 18 years Employees under 18 years Average weekly wages:— Employees over 18 years Employees under 18 years Percentage of employees under 18 years. Average hours worked per week 19 :,381.00 J214.00 $16.47 $11.26 6.67% 38.67 65 221 18 1,824.20 5220.00 $17.30 $12.22 7.53% 36.15 34 126 22 $2,009.79 $239.50 $15.95' $10.89 14.86% 38.14 34 91 18 $1,534.68 $208.00 $16.87 $11.56 16.51% 40.07 32 78 19 $1,196.00 $214.00 $15.33 $11.26 19.59% 38.03 For a week of 48 hours the minimum wage for experienced employees is $14.25; 29 or 10.18 per cent, of all employees reported received this amount, 174 or 61.05 per cent, of all employees reported received more than this amount, and 82 or 28.77 per cent, of all employees reported received less than this amount. Those receiving less than the $14.25 included girls under 18, for whom lower rates are set, inexperienced workers over 18 years of age, and employees who worked less than 48 hours and received pay on a pro rata basis. REPORT OF THE DEPUTY MINISTER, 1926. F 65 Fishing Industry. 1926. 1925. 1924. 1923. 1922. Number of firms reporting Number of employees— Experienced Inexperienced Total weekly wages— Experienced employees Inexperienced employees Average weekly wages— Experienced employees Inexperienced employees Percentage of inexperienced employees Average hours worked per week 4 26 $496.25 $19.09 48.00 21 2 $489.50 $24.00 $23.31 $12.00 8.7% 47.13 34 5 $601.44 $55.0.0 $17.69 $11.00 12.82% 50.59 31 1 $489.50 $13.5.0 $15.79 $13.50 3.12% 49.12 50 15 $778.00 $181.50 $15.56 $12.10 23.08% 46.08 For a week of 48 hours the minimum wage for experienced employees is $15.50; 4 or 15.38 per cent, of all employees reported received this amount, and 22 or 84.62 per cent, of all employees reported received more than this amount. Telephone and Telegraph Occupation. 1926. 1925. 1924. 1923. 1922. Number of firms reporting Number of employees— Experienced Inexperienced Total weekly wages— Experienced employees Inexperienced employees Average weekly wages— Experienced employees Inexperienced employees Percentage of inexperienced employees Average hours worked per week 103 1,373 236 $24,386.21 $2,842.50 $17.76 $12.04 14.67% 41.22 1,312 220 $23,605.31 $2,655.00 $17.99 $12.07 14.36% 42.64 97 1,192 218 $21,256.75 $2,555.50 $17.83 $11.72 15.46% 42.29 $19, $2, 94 1,089 204 426.18 289.50 $17.84 $11.22 15.78<J 41.34 83 1,084 142 !,698.50 ,550.00 $17.25 $10.92 11.58% 41.53 For a week of 48 hours the minimum wage for experienced employees is $15; 291 or 18.08 per cent, of all employees reported received this amount, 938 or 58.30 per cent, of all employees reported received more than this amount, and 380 or 23.62 per cent, of all employees reported received less than this amount. Those receiving less than the $15 included inexperienced employees for whom lower rates are set and employees who worked less than 48 hours and received pay on a pro rata basis. Manufacturing Industry. 1926. 1925. 1924. 1923. 1922. Number of firms reporting Number of employees— Experienced Inexperienced Total weekly wage£— Experienced employees Inexperienced employees Average weekly wages— Experienced employees Inexperienced employees Percentage of inexperienced employees Average hours worked per week 335 1,491 527 ^25,343.79 $6,182.00 $17.00 $11.73 26.11% 44.51 296 1,471 329 240 1,262 218 $24,415.40 $20,510.60 $3,409.00 $2,235.00 $16.60 $10.36 18.28 9 44.77 $16.25 $10.25 14.73% 43.65 234 1,107 249 $18,707.46 $2,494.50 $16.90 $10.02 18.36% 43.82 231 1,093 203 $17,485.00 $2,150.50 $16.00 $10.59 15.66% 43.92 For a week of 48 hours the minimum wage for experienced employees is $14; 439 or 21.75 per cent, of all employees reported received this amount, 1,081 or 51.09 per cent, of all employees F 06 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. reported received more than this amount, and 548 or 27.16 per cent, of all employees reported received less than this amount. Those receiving less than the $14 included inexperienced employees for whom lower rates are set and employees who worked less than 48 hours and received pay on a pro rata basis. Fruit and Vegetable Industry. 1926. 1925. 1924. 45 39 39 Number of employees— Time. 1,262 255 $21,920.13 $2,520.00 $17.37 $9.88 Piece. 435 503 $7,377.08 $3,251.50 $16.96 $6.46 Time. 783 222 $13,913.21 $2,170.00 $17.77 $9.77 Piece. 341 189 $6,923.65 $1,570.00 $20.30 $8.31 Time. 625 148 $9,849.70 $1,225.50 $15.76 $8.28 Piece. 252 65 Total weekly wages— $4,975.19 $573.50; Average weekly wages— $19.74 $8.82 Percentage of inexperienced employees... Average hours worked per week (time- 30.88% 47.01 26.78% 47.56 19.54% 43.29 For a week of 48 hours the minimum wage for experienced employees is $14; 109 or 4.44 per cent, of all employees reported received this amount, 1,063 or 43.30 per cent, of all employees reported received more than this amount, and 1,283 or 52.26 per cent, of all employees reported received less than this amount. Those receiving less than the $14 included inexperienced employees for whom lower rates are set and employees who worked less than 48 hours and received pay on a pro rata basis. In this industry there is much short-time employment, particularly at the beginning and end of the season. Summary of all Occupations. Number of firms reporting Number of employees— Over 18 years, or experienced Under 18 years, or inexperienced- Total weekly wages— Employees over 18 years, or experienced ! Employees under 18 years, or inexperienced.... Average weekly wages— Employees over 18 years, or experienced Employees under 18 years, or inexperienced Percentage of employees under 18 years, or inexperienced Average hours worked per week 1926. 3,123 13,725 2,345 $234,001.53 $23,513.50 $17.05 $10.03 14.59% 43.82 1925. 2,804 12,181 1,718 5211,713.38 $17,764.00 $17.38 $10.34 12.36% 43.58 2,287 10,355 1,242 $176,517.87 $12,644.50 $17.05 $10.18 10.71% 43.09 1 1923. 2,195 9,612 1,251 $164,712.57 $12,511.50 $17.14 $10.00 11.52% 43.31 1922. $152: $12 2,135 8,989 1,242 890.94 546.50 $17.00 $10.10 12.14% 43.28 It is the earnest aim of the Board each year to receive returns from more employers than for the previous period, and for 1926 it was not disappointed. By adding new firm-names to its index and by receiving pay-rolls from establishments that had not made an accounting in former years an appreciable gain was noted in this respect. The result of this increase is reflected in the number of workers reported gainfully employed—namely, 13,725 over IS years of age or experienced, as against 12,181 for 1925, and 2,345 under 18 or inexperienced, in comparison with 1,718 for 1925. REPORT OF THE DEPUTY MINISTER, 1926. F 67 There has been a general tendency in practically all the occupations towards a slight decrease in average wages, which, however, still remain well above the minimum prescribed by the Board. The public housekeeping occupation and the manufacturing industry are the two groups that register advances over the 1925 averages. Marital Status. For the second time the pay-roll form for 1926 statistics provided columns in which the employer recorded whether the employee was married, widowed, or single. In the fruit and vegetable industry the married women comprise a large proportion of the workers, but one must bear in mind that the product they work with is very perishable and at the peak of the season all available help is pressed into service. A glance at the following table shows the marital status of the women employees In each occupation:— Name of Industry. Married. Widowed. Single. Total. 497 248 520 340 385 63 51 15 981 184 35 144 92 107 12 25 1 35 2,595 639 1,050 3,324 1,526 210 1,533 10 1,439 3,276 922 1,723 Office 3,756 2,018 285 1,609 26 2,455 Totals 3,109 635 12,326 16,070 Table showing Labour Turnover in each Group—Number of Employees in Continuous Service of Employer reporting. ■a u cj CC u cc CO CC EC ci a 3 cj CJ cj Name of Industry. 'cj o (H N H a [H CO CO o o ■~k-° g£ H CO ^ IO CD b- CO OS 1-1 ■2 Sat £} UI O O o O O o o o Eh 6 S-g s§ a ^ +j ^ & +J .~ S.S m 0 tH CM CO ^ IO CD t- GO Ci H fcH'g » 5 33 205 1,513 313 531 117 372 84 261 74 166 36 121 31 84 28 67 13 39 8 20 4 69 9 3,276 922 466 Laundry 59 Public house- 19 977 285 155 100 49 37 28 22 12 9 30 1,723 399 Office 78 929 601 487 382 274 218 248 125 118 76 220 3,756 1,636 Manufacturing 100 802 302 248 147 112 81 68 45 37 17 59 2,0il8 335 Personal service... 42 99 56 23 36 9 2 3 6 4 1 4 285 76 Telephone and 1 370 20 309 1 256 1 171 99 1 88 131 43 37 30 74 1,609 26 103 Pisbing 4 Fruit and vege- 545 1,460 147 130 65 54 21 14 6 7 3 3 2,455 45 Totals 1,026 6,483 2,349 1,756 1,236 800 599 604 327 262 160 468 16,070 3,123 . Terms of Service, In order to arrive at the labour turnover in each industry the foregoing table was prepared from actual figures submitted by employers relative to the time each worker had been with her firm. The desired information was omitted from some forms, and the ultimate result was that for 1,026 employees or 6.38 per cent, of the total number the length of service was not specified. Fluctuation in some occupations was more apparent than in others. In the mercantile industry it will be noted that approximately half the employees had been with the firms by whom they were reported for a period less than one year Turning to the office occupation, F 68 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. where service is more steady, one finds that those whose record did not comprise a year's work is practically only one-fourth of the total in that line of work. If a study is made of the totals for all groups it will be found that 40.34 per cent, of the reported employees had been with their employers less than one year. At the other end of the table 2.91 per cent, had been steadily employed for a period of ten years or more. High Wage and Long Service. In going over the annual pay-roll forms note was taken of the highest individual weekly wage in each occupation and the term of longest service. The record wage in the mercantile industry was drawn by a Vancouver employee who receives $65 a week. A Victoria firm has three employees who each have a service record of 21 years of steady employment. The highest weekly wage in the laundry industry—$28—was paid in a Vancouver establishment. A report from Nelson revealed that an employee had been with one firm for 25 years. In the public housekeeping occupation a weekly remuneration of $31 stands at the top of the wage scale in this line of worls:. Continuous employment covering a period of 18 years is the longest reported. Both these records occur in a Victoria hotel, but they do not apply to the same employee. Two Vancouver firms vie for honours in the office occupation. For having served one company for 33 years an office-worker breaks all records for steady employment. To an employee receiving $57.50 weekly falls the honour of obtaining the peak wage for clerical work. A manufacturing concern in Vancouver paying $45 a week to one of its women workers leads all others in this respect. A Victoria employee who has worked for her present employer for 22 years without a break takes the lead for service in the industrial group. Both top places in the personal service occupation belong in Vancouver, although not in the same firm. A weekly wage of $37 and a service record of 13 years win the coveted positions in this classification. In the telephone and telegraph occupation Victoria and Vancouver share the honours. At the Capital City a telephone operator was reported' as having been working for 23 years. A telegraphist in Vancouver receiving $37 weekly led all others in the matter of wages. An employee in a Prince Rupert plant, who receives $28.75 a week and has been in her present position for 4 years, takes both records in the fishing industry. The highest wage in the fruit and vegetable industry was earned by a Penticton employee whose pay-cheque for the week reported was $47. The longest term of service was given as 10% years in a Kelowna packing plant. Co-operation acknowledged. Before concluding our report the members and officials of the Board desire to take this opportunity of expressing their gratitude to all who have co-operated with them in the administration of the Act. There was a more ready response to the request for the pay-roll returns than had been experienced in previous years. With few exceptions the employers have exhibited a readiness to comply with the provisions of the Orders, and every courtesy has been shown the Inspectors in the pursuit of their duties. Employees, too, are recognizing more clearly that the Act and Orders are for their benefit and protection, and less reluctance in reporting alleged or real infractions is exhibited. To the general public, who by attendance at conferences or practical interest in the Board's activities shown in other ways, the members now express their grateful thanks. We have the honour to be, Sir, . Your obedient servants, J. D. McNiven, Chairman. Helen Gregory Mac Gill. Thomas Mathews. REPORT OF THE DEPUTY MINISTER, 1926. F 09 APPENDIX. SUMMARY OF ORDERS. For convenient reference a summary of the Orders now in force is herewith appended:— MERCANTILE INDUSTRY. This includes all establishments operated for the purpose of trade in the purchase or sale of any goods or merchandise; and includes the work of all female employees engaged therein on the sales force; the wrapping force; the auditing or check-inspection force; the shoppers' force in the mailorder department; the receiving, marking, and stock-room employees; sheet-music saleswomen; and those otherwise engaged in the sale, purchase, or distribution of any goods or merchandise. Weekly Minimum Wage. Experienced Workers. Inexperienced Workers. Under 18 Years of Age. 18 Years of Age or over. $12.75. Hourly rate, 269/M cents. $ 7 50 8 00 8 50 9 00 9 50 10 00 10 50 11 50 for 1st 3 „ 2nd 3 „ 3rd 3 „ 4th 3 „ 5th 3 „ 6th 3 „ 7th 3 „ 8th 3 months. $ 9 00 for 1st 3 months. 10 00 „ 2nd 3 11 00 „ 3rd 3 12 00 „ 4th 3 Licences required in this class. Above rates are for a 48-hour week. Time worked in excess of 48 hours must he paid for at the hourly rate. Order has been in force since February 24th, 1919. LAUNDRY, CLEANING, AND DYEING INDUSTRIES. Weekly Minimum Wage. Inexperienced Workers. Experienced Workers. Under 18 Years of Age. 18 Years of Age or over. $13.50. Hourly rate, 28% cents. $ 8 00 for 1st 4 montlis. $ 9 00 for 1st 4 months. . 8 50 „ 2nd 4 ,, 10 50 „ 2nd 4 9 00 „ 3rd 4 ,, 12 00 „ 3rd 4 10 00 „ 4th 4 ,, 11 00 „ 5th 4 ,, Licences required in this 12 00 ,, 6th 4 .. class. Above rates are based on a 48-hour week. Maximum working-period 48 hours, governed by " Factories Act." Order has been in force since March 31st, 1919. PUBLIC HOUSEKEEPING OCCUPATION. This includes the work of waitresses, attendants, housekeepers, janitre&ses, cooks, and kitchen help in restaurants, hotels, tea-rooms, ice-cream parlours, light-lunch stands, and other places where food is cooked, prepared, and served for which a charge is made; and the work of chambermaids, in hotels, lodging-houses, and apartments where lodging is furnished, whether or not such establishments are operated independently or in connection with any other business; and the work of all female elevator operators. Weekly Minimum Wage. Experienced Workers. Inexperienced Workers. Under 18 Years of Age. 18 Years of Age or over. $14. Hourly rate, 29% cents. $12 00 $12 00 F 70 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. Above rates are for a 48-hour week. In emergency cases 52 hours may be worked. Time and one-half shall be paid for work in excess of 48 hours and up to 52 hours. When lodging is furnished, not more than $3 a week may. be deducted for such lodging. When board or meals are furnished, not more than $5.25 may be deducted for a full week's board of 21 meals. A fraction of a week's board shall be computed upon a proportional basis. As elevator operators are required by law to pass an examination before running, elevators, no apprenticeship is permitted under the Minimum Wage Order. Order has been in force since August 16th, 1919. OFFICE OCCUPATION. This includes the work of females employed as stenographers, book-keepers, typists, billing clerks, filing clerks, cashiers, cash-girls (not included in other Orders), checkers, invoicers, comptometer operators, auditors, attendants in physicians' and dentists' offices, and all kinds of clerical help. Weekly Minimum Wage. Experienced Workers. Inexperienced Workers. Under 18 Years of Age. 18 Years of Age or over. $15. Monthly rate, $65. Hourly rate, 31% cents. $11 00 for 1st 6 months. 12 00 ,, 2nd 6 13 00 ,, 3rd 6 14 00 ,, 4th 6 $11 00 for 1st 3 months. 12 00 „ 2nd 3 13 00 „ 3rd 3 14 00 „ 4th 3 Licences required in this class. Above rates are for a 48-hour week. Maximum weekly working-period prescribed hy Order, 48 hours. Order has been in force since August 16th, 1919. PERSONAL SERVICE OCCUPATION. This includes the work of females employed in manicuring, hairdressing, barbering, and other work of like nature, or employed as ushers in theatres, attendants at shooting-galleries and other public places of amusement, garages, and gasolene service stations, or as drivers of motor-cars and other vehicles. Weekly Minimum Wage. Experienced Workers. Inexperienced Workers. Under 18 Years of Age. 18 Years of Age or over. $14.25. Hourly rate, 29i1/k cents. $10 00 for 1st 6 months. 11 00 „ 2nd 6 12 00 „ 3rd 6 13 00 „ 4th 6 *$10 00 for 1st 3 months. 11 00 „ 2nd 3 12 00 „ 3rd 3 13 00 „ 4th 3 Licences required in this class. * These rates for learners do not apply to attendants at shooting-galleries and other public places of amusement, garages, and gasolene service stations, or to drivers of motor-cars or other vehicles, from whom no apprenticeship is deemed necessary. Above rates are for 48-hour week, which is maximum permitted. Wages for Ushers. Ushers in theatres, music-halls, concert-rooms, or the like, engaged after 6 p.m., on legal holidays, and for special matinees, are entitled to a wage of not less than 30 cents an hour, with a minimum payment of 75 cents. Ushers working more than 18 hours a week, but not in excess of 36 hours, are entitled to not less than $10.80 a week. (Ushers in this category may be employed only between 1.30 p.m. and 11 p.m.) Ushers working in excess of 36 hours a week up to 48 hours are entitled to not less than $14.25. No distinction is made for ushers under 18 and over 18 years of age. No apprenticeship considered necessary for ushers. Order has been in force since September 15th, 1919. REPORT OF THE DEPUTY MINISTER, 1926. F 71 FISHING INDUSTRY. This includes the work of females engaged in the washing, preparing, preserving, drying, curing, smoking, packing, or otherwise adapting for sale or use, or for shipment, any kind of fish, except in the case of cannedi fish. Weekly Minimum Wage. Experienced Workers. Inexperienced Workers. $15.50. Hourly rate, 32'/z4 cents. $12 75 for 1st 4 months. 13 75 „ 2nd 4 14 75 „ 3rd 4 „ Licences required for inexperienced employees 18 years of age or over. Order has been in force since February 28th, 1920. TELEPHONE AND TELEGRAPH OCCUPATION. This includes the work of all persons employed in connection with the operating of the various instruments, switchboards, and other mechanical appliances used in connection with telephony and telegraphy, and shall also include the work of all persons employed in the business or industry of the operation of telephone or telegraph systems who are not governed by. any other Order of the Board. Weekly Minimum Wage. Experienced Workers. Inexperienced Workers. $15. Hourly rate, 31% cents. $11 00 for 1st 3 months. 12 00 „ 2nd 3 13 00 „ 3rd 3 Licences required for inexperienced employees 18 years of age or over. Above rates are for a 48-hour week. Maximum hours permitted are 8 per day and 48 per week, except in cases of emergency, when 56 hours may be worked. Time and one-half is payable for hours in excess of 48. Every employee must have one full day off duty, in every week. Where telephone and telegraph employees are custoimarily on duty between the hours of 10 p.m. and 8 a.m., 101 hours on duty shall be construed as the equivalent of 8 hours of work in computing the number of hours of employment a week. In cases where employees reside on the employer's1 (premises, the employer shall not be prevented from making an arrangement with such employees to answer emergency calls between the hours of 10 p.m. and 8 a.m. Order has been in force since April 5th, 1920. FRUIT AND VEGETABLE INDUSTRY. This includes the work of females engaged in canning, preserving, drying, packing, or otherwise adapting for sale or use, any kind of fruit or vegetable. Weekly Minimum Wage. Experienced Workers. Inexperienced Workers. $14.40. Hourly rate, 30 cents. $11 00 for 1st 2 months. Licences required for inexperienced employees 18 years of age or over. Above rates are for a 48-hour week. For work over 48 hours, but not in excess of 10 hours a day, wages shall he not less than 30 cents an hour for experienced workers, and for work in excess of 10 hours the rate shall be not less than 45 cents an hour. For work over 8 hours, but not in excess of 10 hours a day, wages shall not be less than 23 cents an hour for inexperienced workers, and for work in excess of 10 hours the rate shall be not less than 35 cents an hour. Order has been in force since November 2nd, 1926. F 72 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY. This includes the work of females engaged in the making, preparing, altering, repairing, ornamenting, printing, finishing, packing, assembling the parts of, and adapting for use or sale any article or commodity, but excepting fish, fruit, and vegetable drying, canning, preserving, or packing. Weekly Minimum Wage. Experienced Workers. Inexperienced Workers. Schedule 1. Schedule 2. Schedule 3. $14. Hourly rate, 29% cents. $ 8 00 for 1st 2 mos. 10 00 „ 2nd 2 12 00 „ 3rd 2 $ 8 00 for 1st 4 mos. 10 00 „ 2nd 4 12 00 „ 3rd 4 $ 7 00 for 1st 6 mos. 10 00 „ 2nd 6 13 00 „ 3rd 6 Licences required for inexperienced workers 18 years of age or over. Schedule 1 applies to establishments in which any of the following products are manufactured or adapted for use or sale: Tea, coffee, spices, essences, sauces, jelly^powders, baking-powders, molasses, sugar, syrups, honey, peanut butter, cream and milk products, butter, candy, confectionery, biscuits, macaroni, vermicelli, meats, soft drinks, yeast, cans, buttons, soap, paint, varnish, drug and toilet preparations, photographs, ink, seeds, brooms, whisks, pails, wash-boards, wooden boxes, clothes-pins, matches, explosives, munitions, gas-mantles, and window-shades. Schedule 2 applies to establishments in which any of the following products are manufactured or adapted for use or sale: Cotton hags, envelopes, overalls, shirte, ladies' and children's wear, gloves, hats, caps, men's neckwear, water-proof clothing, tents, awnings, regalia, carpets, furniture, bedding, pillow-covers, loose covers, mattress-covens, draperies, casket furnishings, factory-imade millinery, knitted goods, blankets, brushes, machine-made cigars, and dipped chocolates. Schedule 3 applies to the following occupations, or to establishments in which any of the following products are manufactured or adapted for use or sale: Bookbinding, embossing, engraving, printing, dressmaking, men's and women's tailoring, ready-to-wear suits, paper boxes, jewellery, furs, leather goods, hand-made cigars, boots, shoes, and hand-made millinery. Schedule 3 does not apply to regularly indentured apprentices whose indentures have been approved by the Minimum Wage Board. The above rates are for a 48-hour week. No employee shall be employed more than 8 hours a day, nor more than 48 hours a week, except when permission has been granted under the provisions of the " Factories Act." Order has been in force since November 20th, 1923. REPORT OF THE DEPUTY MINISTER, 1926. F 73 ASSOCIATIONS OF EMPLOYERS. In the preparation of the following list the intention has been to confine it to organizations which have direct connection with the employment of labour, and not to include any which are established purely for other business or social purposes. The list, which is numerically about equal to that of last year, has been carefully corrected at the last possible moment before going to press. Box Manufacturers' Section, B.C. Division, Canadian Manufacturers' Association — Chairman, A. M. Sharpe, B.C. Box Co., Ltd., Vancouver; Secretary, Hugh Dalton, 402 Pender Street West, Vancouver. B.C. Hotels' Association—President, Lloyd A. Manly; Vice-President, T. H. Whelan; 2nd Vice-President, M. G. Gordon; Treasurer, P. L. Simpson; Secretary, J. J. Walsh, 611 North West Building, 509 Richards Street, Vancouver. B.C. Loggers' Association—Chairman of the Board of Directors, T. A. Lamb, Lamb Lumber Co., Ltd.; Vice-Chairman, Geo. Moore, Merrill & Ring Lumber Co., Ltd.; Secretary-Manager, R. V. Stuart, 921 Metropolitan Building, Vancouver. Officers are elected annually on January 15th. B.C. Lumber & Shingle Manufacturers' Association—President, F. R. Pendleton, Straits Lumber Co., Red Gap; Secretary, R. H. H. Alexander, 917 Metropolitan Building, Vancouver. Officers elected annually on third Thursday in January. Builders' Supply Section, CM.A. (B.C. Division) —Chairman, A. J. Campbell, Hillside Sand and Gravel Co., Ltd., Vancouver; Secretary, Hugh Dalton, 701 Board of Trade Building, Vancouver. Canadian Jewellers' Association (B.C. Section) — Hon. Presidents, O. B. Allan, Geo. E. Trorey, Thos. A. Lyttleton, Walter M. Gow, and R. M. Tod ; President, Alex. Waters ; Vice-President, Allan Gow Carruthers; Secretary-Treasurer, A. Fraser Reid, 1635 Napier Street, Vancouver. Executive (Local) : Geo. E. Snider, W. J. Hawkins, Harold J. Baxter, A. J. Jacoby, and F. Hinchcliffe. Executive (District) : J. W. Duncan, Victoria; J. Little, Victoria; Harold Thorneycroft, Nanaimo; J. Bulger, Prince Rupert; C. J. Whiten, Vernon; W. J. Kerr, Kamloops; A. Clausen, New Westminster. Canadian Manufacturers' Association (B.C. Division) ; Provincial Headquarters, 701-7 Board of Trade Building, Vancouver—Chairman, Edwin Tomlin, B.C. Cement Co., Ltd., Victoria ; Secretary, Hugh Dalton, Vancouver. Canadian Manufacturers' Association (Victoria Branch), 1008 Broad Street, Victoria—Chairman, H. J. Pendray, British America Paint Co., Ltd., Victoria; Secretary, T. J. Goodlake, 1008 Broad Street, Victoria. Canadian Storage & Transfermen's Association— President, C. F. B. Tippet, 321 King Street East, Toronto, Ont. (The Howell Warehouses, Ltd.) ; Secretary, E. A. Quigley, Suite 10, 423 Hamilton Street, Vancouver. This Association has Board of Directors of each Province. Canned Salmon Section, B.C. Division, Canadian Manufacturers' Association—Chairman, J. S. Eckman, Canadian Fishing Co., Ltd., Vancouver ; Vice-Chairman, C. Thomas, B. C. Fishing & Packing Co., Ltd., Vancouver; Secretary, Hugh Dalton, 402 Pender Street West, Vancouver; Assistant Secretary of Section, R. E. Lanning, 705 Board of Trade Building, Vancouver. Clay Products Section, B.C. Division, Canadian Manufacturers' Association—Chairman, James Parfitt, Victoria Brick Co., Victoria; Secretary, T. J. Goodlake, 1008 Broad Street, Victoria. Confectioners' Section, Canadian Manufacturers' Association (B.C. Division)—Chairman, L. H. Nicholson, National Biscuit & Confection Co., Ltd., Vancouver; Secretary, Hugh Dalton, 701 Board of Trade Building, Vancouver. Consolidated Shingle Mills of B.C., Ltd., 907-8 Metropolitan Building, Vancouver—Chairman, C. E. Merritt; Secretary, E. Bevan. Fishing Vessel Owners' Association, Inc.—President, L. A. Sandstrom, Pier 8, Seattle, Wash.; Secretary, Capt. A. Langnes, Pier 8, Seattle, Wash. Garment Manufacturers' Section, C.M.A. (B.C. Division) —Chairman, T. S. Dixon, Gault Bros., Ltd., Vancouver; Secretary, R. V. Robinson, 701 Board, of Trade Building, Vancouver. General Cartage & Storage Association of B.C.— President, Fred. Crone, Crone Storage Co., Ltd., 760 Beatty Street, Vancouver; Secretary, E. A. Quigley, Suite 10, Canadian Bank of Commerce Chambers, 423 Hamilton Street, Vancouver. General Contractors' Association—-President, J. F. Keen ; 1st Vice-President, J. Tucker ; Secretary, W. G. Welsford, 300 Pender Street West, Vancouver. Jam Manufacturers' Section, B.C. Division, Canadian Manufacturers' Association—Chairman, C. D. Hunter, Empress Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Vancouver; Vice-Chairman, H. 0. Wade, Dominion Canners, B.C., Ltd., Vancouver; Secretary, Hugh Dalton, 402 Pender Street West, Vancouver. Master Sheet Metal Workers' Section, Canadian Manufacturers' Association (B.C. Division) — Chairman, Wm. G. Humphrey, Vancouver; Secretary, R. V. Robinson, 701 Board of Trade Building. Vancouver. Metal Trades Section, C.M.A. (B.C. Division) — Chairman, W. I. Reid, Westminster Iron Works. Ltd., New Westminster; 1st Vice-Chairman, D. A. Mcintosh, Letson & Burpee, Ltd., Vancouver; 2nd Vice-Chairman, A. Cairns, Vulcan Iron Works, Ltd., Vancouver; Treasurer, J. Latta, Murray-Latta Machine Works, Ltd., Vancouver; Secretary, H. Dalton, 701 Board of Trade Building, Vancouver. ,*•- ■-■^^•^,^:--. F 74 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. Metal Trades Section, Victoria Branch, Canadian Manufacturers' Association—Chairman, E. W. Izard, Yarrows, Ltd., Esquimalt; Secretary, T. J. Goodlake, 1008 Broad Street, Victoria. Millwork Section, Canadian Manufacturers' Association (B.C. Division)—Chairman, T. Gadd, Cedar Cove Sash & Door Co., Ltd., Vancouver; Manager, O. Phillips, 717 Board: of Trade Building, Vancouver. Mining Association of British Columbia—President, Chas. A. Banks, Pacific Building, Vancouver ; Secretary, H. Mortimer-Lamb, Birks Building, Vancouver. Mining Association of Interior British Columbia— President, J. P. MacFadden, New Denver; Secretary, W. H. Burgess, Kaslo. Mountain Lumber Manufacturers' Association— President, W. K. Nichols, Giscome, B.C.; Vice- President, H. P. Klinestiner, Lumberton; Secretary-Treasurer, I. R. Poole, 204 Trades Building, Calgary, Alta. Officers elected at annual meeting held in January. Northern B.C. Lumbermen's Association—President, Geo. W. Nickerson, Prince Rupert; Secretary-Treasurer, A. Brooksbank, Prince Rupert. Printers' Section, B.C. Division, Canadian Manufacturers' Association—Chairman, Chas. Chapman, Murphy & Chapman, Ltd., Vancouver; Secretary, Hugh Dalton, 402 Pender Street West, Vancouver; Manager, R. L. Norman, 706 Board of Trade Building, Vancouver. Printers' Section, Victoria Branch, Canadian Manufacturers' Association—Chairman, A. F. Stevens, Acme Press, Ltd., Victoria; Secretary, T. J. Goodlake, 1008 Broad Street, Victoria. Retail Merchants' Association of Canada, Inc., B.C. Board—President, James Harknes.s. Vancouver ; 1st Vice-President, R. T. Wilson, Nanaimo; 2nd Vice-President, J. F. Scott, Cranbrook; 3rd Vice-President, T. J. Wilcox, Kamloops; Treasurer, Wm. Kerr, New Westminster ; Dominion Representative, D. H. Kent, Vancouver; Secretary, Cyril Dallas, Vancouver. Head Provincial Office at 420 Pacific Building, Vancouver. Branches are established at Armstrong, Cranbrook, Lytton, Nanaimo, Nelson, Revelstoke, and Vancouver. At New Westmin ster there is a District Branch serving the principal towns of the Lower Fraser Valley. Shingle Manufacturers' Association of B.C.—- President, C. E. Merritt, Huntting-Merritt Lumber Co., Ltd.; Vice-President, C. J. Culter, Westminster Mills, Ltd.; Secretary-Manager, E. Bevan, 907-8 Metropolitan Building, Vancouver. Meets for election of officers in January each year. Shipping Federation of B.C., Inc.—Manager and Secretary, Major W. C. D. Crombie, Orange Hall, 341 Gore Avenue, Vancouver; President, Major R. G. Parkhurst, Vancouver; 1st Vice- President, F. H. Clendenning, Vancouver; 2nd Vice-President, K. J. Burns, Vancouver; Executive, K. A. McLennan, E. Beetham, B. C. Kelley, W. M. Crawford, David Baird, B. W. Greer, D. M. Cameron, J. C. Irons, L. B. Jepson, and John McLeod. Meets for election of officers in January each year. Shipyards' Section, C.M.A. (B.C. Division) — Chairman, A. Bennett, Vancouver Shipyards, Ltd., Vancouver; Secretary, R. V. Robinson, 701 Board of Trade Building, Vancouver. Timber Industries Council of B.C.—President, J. D. McCormack, Canadian, Western Lumber Co., Ltd.; Managing Director, W. MacNeill, 911 Metropolitan Building, Vancouver. Vancouver Association of Electragists—President, C. H. E. Williams, 509 Richards Street, Vancouver ; Hon. Secretary, J. C. Reston, 579 Howe Street, Vancouver; Office, 425 Pacific Building. Officers elected annually in September. Vancouver Association of Sanitary & Heating Engineers—President, W. Moscrop, 861 Seymour Street, Vancouver; Secretary, Robert G. Hargreaves, 425 Pacific Building, Vancouver. Officers elected annually in June. Victoria Bread & Cake Manufacturers' Association—President, D. W. Hanbury, Golden West Bakery; Secretary, Capt. T. J. Goodlake, 1008 Broad Street. Election of officers annually in January. Victoria Builders' Exchange—President, William Luney, 508 Sayward Building; Secretary, J. W. Bolden, 2509 Prior Street. Officers elected annually in January. 1 REPORT OF THE DEPUTY MINISTER, 1926. F 75 UNION DIRECTORY. In our endeavour to present an up-to-date directory of trade-union organizations and their officials we have been greatly assisted by union secretaries and others, to whom our grateful acknowledgments are tendered. The number of such organizations in the Province does not show any material difference as compared with last year's, a few local organizations having gone out of existence and others having been initiated. The Department will appreciate any intimation of changes in the list which may be made from time to time. TRADES AND LABOUR CONGRESS OF CANADA. President, Thomas Moore, Ottawa. Vice-Presidents, J. T. Foster, Montreal; Jas. Simpson, Toronto; R. J. Tallon, .Calgary. Secretary- Treasurer, P. M. Draper, Hope Building, Ottawa. B.C. EXECUTIVE OF TRADES & LABOUR CONGRESS OF CANADA. Chairman, Percy R. Bengough, Room 803, 16 Hastings Street East, Vancouver; Secretary, R. W. Nunn, 238 Queens Avenue, Victoria. NATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS. Canadian Merchant Service Guild. Vancouver—President, Capt. Thomas Rippon, 675 Dunsmuir Street, Vancouver; Secretary, A. Goodlad, 675 Dunsmuir Street, Vancouver. Meets at Imperial Bank Chambers on 9th and 24th of each month. Victoria—Secretary, Capt. T. H. Brown, 408 Union Building, Victoria. Radio Division, No. 3, of the Electrical Communication Workers of Canada—Secretary, C. T. Foote, c/o Canadian Marconi Co., 500 Beatty Street, Vancouver. Meets in Hotel Vancouver at call of the Chair. TRADES AND LABOUR COUNCILS. Prince Rupert—President, S. D. McDonald, P.O. Box 268, Prince Rupert; Secretary, F. Derry. Box 498, Prince Rupert. Meets at Carpenters' Hall on second and fourth Tuesdays of each month. Vancouver, New Westminster and District—President, James Thompson, 122 Hastings Street West, Vancouver; Secretary, P. R. Bengough, 803 Holden Building, Vancouver. Meets first and third Tuesdays of each month on second floor, Holden Building, at 8 p.m. Vancouver Building Trades Council—President, R. S. Stevenson, 5023 Chester Street, Vancouver; Secretary, W. Page, 815 Holden Building, Vancouver. Victoria—Corresponding Secretary, E. S. Woodward, 1325 Carlin Street. Meets at 8 p.m. on first and third Wednesdays in month at Trades Hall, Broad Street. Federated Trades Councils (Railroads). Victoria (Esquimalt & Nanaimo Railway Employees' Federation)—President. Geo. Phil- brook, 637 King's Road, Victoria; Secretary, J. Booth, 2421 Mowat Street, Victoria. Meets in Room 4, Green Block, Victoria, at 7.30 p.m. on first Monday in month. DISTRICT LODGES AND COUNCILS. United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners. District Council of Vancouver—President, A. McDonald, 25 Hastings Street East, Vancouver; Secretary, W. Page, 809 Holden Building, Vancouver. Electrical Communication Workers of Canada. British Columbia District Council No. 1—President, W. T. Burford, 4144 Fourteenth Avenue West, Vancouver; Secretary, C. T. Foote, 745 Yates Street, Victoria. Meets in Room 132, Hotel Vancouver, first Sunday in the month at' 11 a.m. International Association of Machinists. Vancouver District Lodge No. 78—President, Bert Oliver, 807 Holden Building, Vancouver; Secretary, A. W. Tait, 1865 Tenth Avenue West. Meets on first Wednesday of each month at 807 Holden Building, Vancouver, at 8 p.m. Allied Printing Trades Council. Vancouver—President, R. H. Neelands, 804 iHolden Building, Vancouver; Secretary, Thomas Carroll, 804 Holden Building, Vancouver. Meets at S04 Holden Building, Vancouver, at 5 p.m. on second Monday in month. Victoria—President, Joseph A. Wiley, 141 Clarence Street, Victoria; Secretary, T. A. Burgess, Box 1183, Victoria. Meets at Room 511, B.C. Permanent Loan Building, at 8 p.m. on last Thursday in month. British Columbia Federation of Civic and Municipal Employees. President, W. J. Scribbens, 3208 Pender Street East, Vancouver; Secretary, H. R. Simmers, 3675 Fifteenth Avenue West, Vancouver. Civic Employees' Federation. Vancouver—President, A. Watson, 1329 Thirteenth Avenue East, Vancouver; Secretary, H. A. Urquhart, 2015 Fourteenth Avenue West, Vancouver. Meets at call of the President. Theatrical Federation of Vancouver. President, Geo. Gerrard, 991 Nelson Street, Vancouver; Secretary, Will. Edmunds, 991 Nelson Street, Vancouver. Meets at 991 Nelson Street at 10 a.m. on Tuesday before first Sunday in month. F 76 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. TRADE UNIONS. Ashcroft. Maintenance-of-way Employees & Railway Shop Labourers, No. 210—President, J. D. Nicol, Savona; Secretary, R. Halliday, Box 8, Spences Bridge. Meets at Ashcroft at 7.30 p.m. third Saturday in month. Burnaby. Civic Employees' Union, No. 23—Secretary, Chas. B. Brown, 2195 Linden Avenue, New Westminster. Central Park. Carpenters & Joiners (Amalgamated), No. 2605— President, F. Williams, 2469 Twenty-ninth Avenue East, Vancouver; Secretary, J. Muirhead, 2572 Monmouth Avenue, South Vancouver. Cranbrook. Brewery, Flour, Cereal & Soft Drink Workers, No. 308—Secretary, A. Mueller, c/o Cranbrook Brewing Co., Cranbrook. Locomotive Firemen & Enginemen, Brotherhood of, Local No. 559—President, R. Bartholomew, Cranbrook; Secretary, M. H. Johns, Box 214, Cranbrook. Meets at 2.30 p.m. on first and third Sundays in month at Cranbrook. Locomotive Engineers, Brotherhood of, Local No. 563—President, Hugh J. Brook, Box 551, Cranbrook ; Secretary, A. S. Saunders, Cranbrook. Meets at 8 p.m. on second and. fourth Mondays in Maple Hall. Machinists, International, No. 588—President, W. Henderson, Box 827, Cranbrook; Secretary, R. J. Lawrie, Box 291, Cranbrook. Meets at residence of Secretary on first Sunday each month at 4.30 p.m. Maintenance-of-way Employees & Railway Shop Labourers, United Brotherhood of, Local No. 229—President, John Flynn, Cranbrook; Secretary, G. C. Brown, Cranbrook. Meets at Cranbrook at call of Secretary. Railway Conductors of America, Order of, Local No. 407—President, E. Williams, Cranbrook; Secretary, Joe Jackson, Cranbrook. Meets at K. of P. Hall. Cranbrook, on second Sunday in month at 2.30 p.m. Railway Carmen of America, Brotherhood: of, Local No. 173—President, W. Hewson, French Avenue, Cranbrook; Secretary, J. F. Lunn, 200 Durick Avenue, Cranbrook. Meets at 8 p.m. at I.O.O.F. Hall, Norbury Avenue, on first Wednesday in month. Railway & Steamship Clerks, Freight Handlers, Express & Station Employees, No. 1292—President, H. H. Linnell, Cranbrook; Secretary, E. G. Dingley, Box 728, Cranbrook. Meets in Auditorium, Cranbrook, on second and fourth Sundays in month at 3 p.m. Railway Trainmen, Brotherhood of, Local 585— President, P. C. Hartnell, Box 865, Cranbrook; Secretary, H. B. Haslam, Box 784, Cranbrook. Meets at Maple Hall every Sunday at 7.30 p.m. Corbin. Corbin Miners' Association—President, Thomas Haigh, Corbin; Secretary-Treasurer, William Almond, Corbin. Meets in Miners' Union Hall on alternate Sundays at 7 p.m. Duncan. Maintenance-of-way Employees & Railway Shop Labourers, United Brotherhood of, Local No. 533—Secretary, H. W. MeKenzie, Box 356, Duncan. Essondale. Mental Hospital Attendants' Union, No. 35 (T. & L.O.)—President, J. A. Gibson; Secretary, J. McD. Nicholson, Essondale. Fernie. Brewery, Flour, Cereal & Soft Drink Workers of America, International Union of, Local No. 308—President, J. W. Gladney, McPherson Avenue ; Secretary, J. E. Robson, Box 1071, Fernie. Meets at 96 Howlandi Avenue, Fernie, on first Monday of each month at 7.30 p.m. Miners' Association (Independent), British Columbia—President, Matthew Tully, Fernie; Secretary, W. A. Harrison, Box 568, Fernie. Field. Railway Carmen of America, No. 1454- tary, Thomas Barlow, Box 158, Field. -Seere- Golden. Maintenance-of-way Employees & Railway Shop Labourers, United Brotherhood of, Local No. 165—Secretary, C. Eriekson, Box 126, Field. Meets at Golden on the last Sunday of each quarter at 10 a.m. Kamloops. Locomotive Engineers, Brotherhood1 of, Division No. 821—President, A. Kenwood, Kamloops; Secretary, T. J. O'Neill, Box 753, Kamloops. Meets at Orange Hall on first and third Thursdays in month at 2.30 p.m. Locomotive Engineers, Brotherhood of, Division No. 855—Secretary, -J. Patterson, Box 201, Kamloops. Meets first and third Sundays at Orange Hall, Kamloops, at 2.30 p.m. Locomotive Firemen & Enginemen, Brotherhood of, Local No. 258—President, H. C. Embree, Kamloops; Secretary, J. H. Worsley, Nicola Street, Kamloops. Meets at Orange Hall, Kamloops, at 2.30 p.m. on first and third Tuesdays in month. Maintenance-of-way Employees, Brotherhood of, Lodge No. 15—President, H. Williamson, Wol- fenden ; Secertary, Noel Montagnon, Vavenby. Meets in Kamloops on first Sunday in January, April, July, and October at 1 p.m.. Railroad Employees, No. 161—President, J. E. Fitzwater, Kamloops; Secretary, N. Papworth, Kamloops. Railway Carmen, Brotherhood of, Local No. 148— President, O. E. Klemmer, North Kamloops; Secretary, J. F. Corbett, 977 St. Paul Street, Kamloops. Meets every second Tuesday at 7.30 p.m. in the Orange Hall, Kamloops. Railway Conductors of America, Order of, Division No. 611—Chief Conductor, S. W. Bent, Kamloops; Secretary, A. G. Corry, Box 177, Kamloops. Meets at Orange Hall, Kamloops, on second and fourth Sundays in month at 2 p.m. Railway Enginemen, Canadian Association of— Secretary, W. Dohm, Kamloops. REPORT OF THE DEPUTY MINISTER, 1926. F 77 Railway Trainmen, Brotherhood of, Local No. 519—Secretary, V. A. Mott, Kamloops. Meets at Orange Hall, Kamloops, on second Sunday and fourth Tuesday in month at 7 p.m. Kitchener. Maintenance-of-way Employees & Railway Shop Labourers, No. 229—Secretary, Geo. C. Brown, Box 739, Cranbrook. Lytton. Maintenance-of-way Employees, Brotherhood of, No. 210—President, J. D. Nicol, Savona; Secretary, R. Halliday, Box 8, Spences Bridge. Matsqui. Maintenance-of-way Employees, No. 31—President, P. E. Crick, Kamloops Junction; Secretary, F. Kent, Box A, Lytton. Meets at C.N.R. Freight Office Building, Vancouver, at 11 a.m. on first Sunday in March, June, September, and December. Michel. B.C. Miners' Association—President, James Walsh, Natal; Secretary, Simeon Weaver, Natal. Meets every second Friday at 7 p.m. in the Michel Hall and the Natal Club Hall alternately. Mission City. Maintenance-of-way Employees & Railway Shop Labourers, United Brotherhood of, Local No. 168—President, F. W. Brunton, Hatzic P.O.; Secretary, H. Anderson, Harrison Mills. Meets at Vancouver on third Sunday in January, April, July, and October at 10.30 a.m. Nanaimo. Letter Carriers, Federated Association of, No. 54—Secretary, W. H. McMillan, 410 Bruce Avenue, Nanaimo. Meets at 7.30 p.m. on first Tuesday of month. Typographical Union, Internationa], Local No. 337—President, R. J. Stewart, c/o Free Press Block, Nanaimo ; Secretary, L. C. Gilbert, Box 166, Nanaimo. Meets at call of President. Nelson. Barbers' International Union, Journeymen, Local No. 196—President, Eli Sutcliffe, Nelson; Secretary, H. Hughes, P.O. Box 465, Nelson. Meets at 417 Hall Street, Nelson, at 8 p.m. on last Thursday in month. Dominion Express Employees, No. 18, Brotherhood of—Secretary, L, S. McKinnon, 212 Baker Street, Nelson. Locomotive Engineers, Brotherhood of, Division No. 579—President, J. Simons, 203 Silica Street, Nelson; Secretary, E. Jeffcott, 610 Mill Street, Nelson. Meets at Recreation Club, Nelson, on Sundays at 10.30 a.m. Locomotive Firemen & Enginemen, Brotherhood of, Division No. 631—President, Chas. W. Munro, Nelson ; Secretary, Stanley Smith, Nelson. Meets second and fourth Sundays at 2 p.m. in I.O.O.F. Hall. Machinists, International Association of, Local No. 663—President-Secretary, Fred. Chapman, Box 253, Nelson. Maintenance-of-way Employees & Railway Shop Labourers, United- Brotherhood of, Local No. 181—President, Albert Olson, West Grand Forks; Secretary, F. Gustafson, Box 265, Nelson. Meets last Sunday in March, June, September, and December at 2 p.m. at Nelson. Railway Carmen of America, Brotherhood of, Local No. 98—President, H. Korlak, General Delivery, Nelson; Secretary, J. Shardelow, Box 765, Nelson. Meets in Canadian Legion, Nelson, at 7.30 p.m. on second Thursday in month. Railway Conductors of America, Order of, Division No. 460—Chief Conductor, A. B. Hall, 915 Stanley Street, Nelson; Secretary, H. L. Genest, Box 216, Nelson. Meets in K. of P. Hall at 1.30 p.m. on .second Sunday in month. Railway & Steamship Clerks, Freight Handlers, Express & Station Employees, No. 1291—President, P. Craven, General Delivery, Nelson; Secretary, A. T. Richards, Box 701, Nelson. Meets in Nelson on first Thursday of each month at 8.30 p.m. Railway Trainmen, Brotherhood of, Local No. 558—President, P. Jeffrey, 120 Mines Road, Nelson; Secretary, A. Kirby, 820 Carbonate Street, Nelson. Meets at Community Building, cor. Stanley and Victoria Streets, at 1.30 p.m. on second Sunday in month. Typographical Union, International, Local No. 340—President, Joseph Clinton, Box 766, Nelson ; iSecretary, L. E. Pascoe, Box 935, Nelson. Meets in Daily News Office, Nelson, at 5.10 p.m. on last Wednesday in month. New Denver. Mine, Mill & Smelter Workers, No. 98—Secretary, A. Shilland, New Denver. New Westminster. Barbers' International Union, Journeymen, Local No. 573—President, O. Moir, New Westminster; Secretary, Geo. Yorkstown, 35 Eighth Street, New Westminster. Meets at 35 Eighth Street on fourth Thursday in month at 7 p.m. Boilermakers, Iron Shipbuilders and Helpers, International Brotherhood of, No. 466—Secretary, J. F. Lower, 519 Tenth Street, New Westminster. Carpenters & Joiners of America, United Brotherhood of, Local No. 1251—President, John Saunders, 628 Eighth Avenue, New Westminster; Recording Secretary, A. E. Corbett, Labour Temple, New Westminster. Meets at Labour Temple on first Thursday in month at 8 p.m. Civic Employees of New Westminster, Union of—• Secretary, Rees Morgan, 313 Regina Street, New Westminster. Meets in Labour Temple at 8 p.m. on first Tuesday in month. Civil Servants of Canada (Amalgamated)—President, H. G. Cox, Box 40, New Westminster; Secretary, F. McGrath, 316 Strand Avenue, New Westminster. Meets at Dominion Building on third Monday in month at 8 p.m. Fire Fighters, International Association of, No. 256—President, Wm. Mathew, 910 London Street, New Westminster; Secretary, H. Nevard, 1101 London Street, New Westminster. Meets at No. 1 Fire Hall (no set day) during first week of month at 8 p.m. Fishermen's Protective Association of B.C.— President, L. Patterson, New Westminster; F 7S DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. Secretary, W. E. Maiden, Box 717, New Westminster. Meets at Trapp Block, New Westminster, at 3.30 p.m. on first Saturday of each month. Longshoremen's Association No. 1, New Westminster and District, Independent—President, R. Butters, 608 Eighth Avenue, New Westminster ; Secretary, W. Olitheroe, 124 Fourteenth Avenue East, New Westminster. Machinists, International Association of, Local No. 151—President, F. Sinnett, 4019 Kings- way; Secretary, D. MacDonald, 360 Sherbrooke Street, New Westminster. Meets in Labour Temple on first Friday in each month at 8 p.m. Musicians, American Federation of (Musicians' Mutual Protective Association), Local No. 654 —President, F. Staton, 906 Tenth Street, New Westminster; Secretary, F. C. Bass, Box 115, New Westminster. Meets in Labour Temple at 2.30 p.m. on fourth Sunday in month. Plumbers and Steamfitters, United Association of, No. 571—President, C. Porter, 3406 Imperial Street, New Westminster; Secretary, Lloyd Elrick, Port Mann. Railway Carmen of America, Brotherhood of, Local No. 280—President, J. Huggan, 529 Ninth Street, New Westminster; Secretary, M. Sor- ley, 1556 Fourth Street, New Westminster. Meets at Independent Labour Party's Headquarters, New Westminster, on third Friday in month at 8 p.m. Retail Clerks' International Protective Association, No. 1306—President, W. W. Callander, 321 Pine Street; Secretary, J. Ellis, 719 Thirteenth Street, New Westminster. Meets last Thursday in month in Hart Block at 8 p.m. Street & Electric Railway Employees of America, Amalgamated Association of, Division No. 134 —President, Herbert Bell, 1551 Inverness Street, New Westminster; Secretary, A. J. Bond, 519 Fourteenth Street, New Westminster. Meets in Labour Temple at 7 p.m. on second and fourth Tuesdays in month. Typographical Union, International, Local No. 632—President, A. R. MacDonald, Box 1024, New Westminster; Secretary, R. A. Stoney, Box 1024, New Westminster. Meets in Labour Temple at 8 p.m. on lastj, Friday in month. Notch Hill. Maintenance-of-way Employees & Railway Shop Labourers, No. 193—President, W. Annala, Tappen; Secretary, W. Loftus, Notch Hill. Penticton. Locomotive Engineers, No. 866—President, O. E. Hulett, Penticton; Secretary, C. Cornock, Box 64, Penticton. Meets at Burtch's Hall, Penticton, on second and fourth Sundays of each month at 3 p.m. Locomotive Firemen & Enginemen, Brotherhood of, Local No. 884—President, C. A. Tupper, Penticton; Secretary, R. O. Blackstock, Box 385, Penticton. Meets at Penticton on first ■and fourth Thursdays of month at 2 p.m. Maintenance-of-way Employees & Railway Shop Labourers, United Brotherhood of, Local No. 1023—President, James Slatter, General Delivery, Penticton; Secretary, R. A. Eckersley, R.R. No. 1, Summerland. Meets in Penticton at 1 p.m. on second Sunday of every second month.' Railway Carmen of America. Brotherhood of, No. 1426—President, H. Suckling, Box 322, Penticton ; Secretary, T. Bradley, Penticton. Meets on first Monday in month at 8 p.m. Railroad Trainmen, Brotherhood of, Local No. 914—President, Herbert Nicolson, Penticton ; Secretary, W. B. McCallum, Penticton. Meets at K. of P. Hall, Penticton, on first and third Sundays of each month at 2.30 p.m. Point Grey. Fire Fighters' International Association, No. 260 —President, C. C. Maddison, No. 1 Fire Hall, Kerrisdale; Secretary, H. Foulkes, 1395 Sixty- fourth Avenue West, Kerrisdale. Meets at 319 Pender Street West, Vancouver, on first Thursday of each month at 10 a.m. Port Alberni. Longshoremen's Club (unchartered)—Secretary, W. G. Bigmore, Port Alberni. Prince George. Locomotive Engineers, Brotherhood of, Division No. 843—President, W. Kemp, Prince George; Secretary, M. O'Rourke, Box 124, Prince George. Meets in Odd Fellows' Hall on second and fourth Mondays of each month at 2 p.m. Locomotive Firemen & Enginemen, Brotherhood of, Mount Robson Lodge, No. 827—President, E. J. Rice. Prince George; Secretary, C. H. Olds, Box 129, Prince George. Meets in I.O.O.F. Hall at 2 p.m. on first and third Sundays in the month. Maintenance-of-way Employees & Railway Shop Labourers, United Brotherhood of, Nechako Lodge, No. 1870—President, W. Cuilen, Long- worth P.O.; Secretary, T. Nielsen, Box 162, Prince George. Meets alternately at Endako and Prince George about every six weeks; date set at each meeting. Maintenance-of-way Employees & Railway Shop Labourers, United Brotherhood of, Local No. 202—President, C. M. Leclair, Snowshoe; Secretary, F. Swamson, Hutton Mills. Meets at McBride and Prince George about end of each quarter. Railroad Employees, Local No. 28—President, F. C. Saunders, Prince George; Secretary, H. A. MacLeod, Prince George. Meets at Tenth Avenue, Prince George, on first Sunday in month. Railway Conductors of America, Order of, Local No. 620—Chief Conductor, J. G. Sweeney, Prince George; Secretary, J. E. Paschall, Box 305, Prince George. Meets in Prince George on second and fourth Sundays in month at 8 p.m. Prince Rupert. Carpenters & Joiners of America, United Brotherhood of, Local No. 1735—President, J. J. Gillis, Box 694; Secretary, J. S. Black, Box 694, Prince Rupert. Meets in Carpenters' Hall at 8 p.m. on first and third Wednesdays of each month. Deep Sea Fishermen's Union of the Pacific—Secretary-Treasurer, P. B. Gill, Box 65, Seattle. Meets at 84 Seneca Street, Seattle, also at REPORT OF THE DEPUTY MINISTER, 1926. F 79 Prince Rupert and Ketchican on Tuesdays at 7.30 p.m. Electrical Workers, International Brotherhood of, Local No. 344—President, A. McRae, Box 457, Prince Rupert; Secretary, S. Massey, Box 457, Prince Rupert. Meets in Carpenters' Hall at 8 p.m. on first Monday of each month. Longshoremen's Association, No. 2, Canadian Federation of Labour—President, Sydney V. Cox, 638 Sixth Avenue, Prince Rupert; Secretary, Wm. T. Pilford. Prince Rupert. Meets in Longshoremen's Hall on Monday of each week at 8 p.m. Machinists, International Association of, Local No. 207—President, F. R. Rogers, General Delivery, Prince Rupert; Secretary, J. Campbell, Box 469, Prince Rupert. Meets in Carpenters' Hall at 8 p.m. on second Wednesday in month. Maintenance-of-way Employees & Railway Shop Labourers, United Brotherhood of, Local No. 335—President, J. E. McDonald, Caspaco; Secretary, T. G. MeManaman, c/o C.N. Railway, Kwinitsa. Meets alternately at Usk and Prince Rupert at call of President and Secretary. Plumbers & Steamfitters of the United States and Canada, United Association of, Local No. 495— President, R. Wilson, Box 209, Prince Rupert; Secretary, W. M.. Brown, Box 209, Prince Rupert. Meets in Carpenters' Hall at 8 p.m. on first Monday in the month. Railway Carmen of America, Brotherhood of, Local No. 426—President, R. M. Tucker, Box 527, Prince Rupert; Secretary, E. Tulloch, Box 213, Prince Rupert. Meets in Carpenters' Hall, Eighth Street, Prince Rupert, at 8 p.m. on second Monday of each month. Railway Employees, Brotherhood of, Division No. 154—President, H. R. Hill, General Delivery, Prince Rupert; Secretary, L. A. Astoria, Box 32, Prince Rupert. Meets in Carpenters' Hall usually on the fourth Friday at 8.30 p.m. Sheet Metal Workers, International Alliance, Local No. 672—President, J. W. Ratchford, Prince Rupert; Secretary, Geo. H. Dobb, 625 Tatlow Street, Prince Rupert. Meets in Trades and Labour Council Hall at S p.m. on fourth Monday in the month. Steam & Operating Engineers, Local No. 510— President, P. J. MeCormack, Prince Rupert; Secretary, B. R. Rice, 800 Eighth Avenue West, Prince Rupert (Box 892). Meets in Carpenters' Hall at 8 p.m. on first Friday of each month. Typographical Union, International, Local No. 413—President, S. D. MacDonald, Box 689, Prince Rupert; Secretary, J. M. Campbell, Box 689, Prince Rupert. Meets in Carpenters' Hall at 3 p.m. on last Sunday of each month. Revelstoke. Blacksmiths, Drop Forgers & Helpers, International Brotherhood of, Local No. 407—President, Jas. Mathie, Revelstoke; Secretary, Jas. M. Goble, Box 283, Revelstoke. Meets in Selkirk Hall on the fourth Saturday of each month at 8 p.m. Locomotive Engineers, Brotherhood of, Division 657—President, H. Carpenter, Third Street, Revelstoke; Secretary, J. P. Purvis, Box 27, Revelstoke. Meets in Selkirk Hall on first and third Tuesdays of each month at 2 p.m. Locomotive Firemen & Enginemen, Brotherhood of, Local No. 341—President, W. L. Lea, Revelstoke ; Secretary, G. P. Deptford, Revelstoke. Meets in Selkirk Hall, Revelstoke, on second and fourth Wednesdays of each month at 2.30 p.m. Machinists, International Association of, Local No. 34—President, A. W. Bell, Box 209, Revelstoke ; Secretary, Dugald Bell, Box 209, Revelstoke. Meets in Smyth's Hall at 8 p.m. on first Monday of month. Maintenance-of-way Employees & Railway Shop Labourers, United Brotherhood of, Local No. 208—President, W. Lesley, Revelstoke; Secretary, A. Blackberg, Revelstoke. Meets in Revelstoke at 2 p.m. on first Sunday of each month. Railway Carmen of America, Brotherhood of, Local No. 481—President, A. Watt, Revelstoke ; Secretary, H. Parsons, Box 42, Revelstoke. Meets in Smyth's Hall at 7.30 p.m. on third Tuesday of each month. Railway Conductors of America, Order of, Mount Stephen Division, Local No. 487—President, E. R. Clay, Revelstoke; Secretary, W. W. Lynes, General Delivery, Revelstoke. Meets in Selkirk Hall on second Monday at 7.30 p.m. and fourth Thursday of each month at 2.30 p.m. Railway Trainmen, Brotherhood of, Local No. 51 —President, G. Forbes, Revelstoke; Secretary, W. Maxwell, Revelstoke. Meets at Revelstoke at 2 p.m. on first Sunday and at 8 p.m. on third Monday of each month. Smithers. Commercial Telegraphers' Union of America, No. 53—Chairman and Secretary, W. Mitchell, Smithers. Locomotive Engineers, Brotherhood of, Local No. Ill—Chief Engineer, H. D. Johnson, Smithers; Secretary, S. J. Mayer, Smithers. Meets at Smithers on first and third Tuesdays in month at 8 p.m. Locomotive Firemen & Enginemen, Brotherhood of, No. 902—President, B. Ross, Smithers; Secretary, T. L. Stafford, Smithers. Maintenance-of-way Employees & Railway Shop Labourers, United Brotherhood of, Local No. 340—President, D. Matheson. Houston; Secretary, F. Simonds, Quick. Meets at Smithers. Railroad Employees, Canadian Brotherhood of, No. 157—Secretary, Hugh Forrest, Smithers. Railway Carmen of America, Brotherhood of, No. 1415 (Bulkley)—President, J. S. Oathroe, Smithers; Secretary, G. W. Smith, Smithers. Meets at Social Hall, Smithers, on first Thursday in month at 7 p.m. Railway Trainmen, Brotherhood of, Farthest North Lodge, No. 869—President, A. Green- halgh, Box 180, Smithers; Secretary, H. H. Oleson, Box 180, Smithers. Meets at Railway- men's Hall, Smithers, on first and third Thursdays of each month at 8.30 p.m. South Vancouver. Civic Emploj'ees' Union—President, A. W. Richardson, 5775 Prince Edward Street. South Vancouver ; Secretary, W. S. Welton, 832 Twenty- eighth Avenue East, South Vancouver. Meets at Municipal Hall, South Vancouver, on second Tuesday in month at 8 p.m. Fire Fighters, International Association of, No. 259—President, G. Hearnden, 2625 Forty-ninth F SO DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. Avenue East, Collingwood; Secretary, C. W. Goldsmith, 1126 Twenty-sixth Avenue East, South Vancouver. Meets at Municipal Hall, South Vancouver, at 8 p.m. on first Monday in month. Squamish. Railway Carmen of America, Brotherhood of, No. 1419—President, Alec. McDonald, Squamish ; Secretary, J. E. Holmes, Squamish. Meets second Tuesday at 8 p.m. in the Presbyterian Hall, Squamish. Stev*eston. Fishermen's Benevolent Society (Japanese Independent)—Secretary, G. Takahashi, Steveston. Stewart. Mine, Mill & Smelter Workers' Union, International, Local No. 181—Secretary, W. Fraser, Stewart. Three Forks. Maintenance-of-way Employees, Brotherhood of, No. 173—Secretary, T. H. Horner, Kaslo. Meets second Sunday of each month at 2 p.m. Trail. Machinists, International Association of, Local No. 763—President, A. Balfour, Box 114, Trail; Secretary, T. Meachem, Box 74, Trail. Meets in Miners' Hall at call of Chair. Vancouver. Automobile Mechanics, Lodge No. 702, International Association of Machinists—Meets in Room 310, Holden Building, Vancouver, on second and fourth Tuesdays at 8 p.m. Bakery & Confectionery; Workers, Local No. 468— President, A. Morris, 2834 Vine Street, Vancouver ; Secretary, Thos. Rigley, 37 Broadway West, Vancouver. Meets in Holden Building, 16 Hastings Street East, first Saturday of month at 8 p.m. Bakery Drivers' Union, No. 464—President, T. R. Adams, 992 Nicola Street, Vancouver; Secretary, Birt. Showier, 1115 Robson Street, Vancouver. Meets in Holden Building on second Thursday of each month at 8 p.m. Bakery Salesmen's International Union of America, Local No. 371—President, E. Holmes, 1217 Keefer Street, Vancouver; Secretary, H. A. Bowron, 744 Fifteenth Avenue East, Vancouver. Meets at Holden Building on second Thursday of each month at 8 p.m. Barbers' International Union, Journeymen, Local No. 120—Secretary, C, E. Herrett, 814 Holden Building, Vancouver. Meets at 814 Holden Building at 8 p.m. on second and fourth Tuesdays in month. Beverage Dispensers' Union, No. 676—President, W. H. Clancy, 1117 Tenth Avenue East, Vancouver; Secretary, T. J. Hanafin, 2376 Sixth Avenue West, Vancouver. Meets at 310 Pender Street West, Vancouver, at 8 p.m. on last Sunday in month. Blacksmiths, Drop Forgers & Helpers, International Brotherhood of, Local No. 151—President, W. J. Bartlett, 1154 Howe Street; Secretary, A. Arman, 2048 Second Avenue West, Vancouver. Meets at 16 Hastings Street East at 8 p.m. on fourth Friday of each month. Boilermakers, Iron Shipbuilders & Helpers, International Brotherhood of, Local No. 194— President, L. C. Campbell, 349 Fifth Street East, Vancouver; Secretary, A. Fraser, 5079 Ross Street, South Vancouver. Meets at Holden Building at 8 p.m. on first and third Mondays. Bookbinders, International Brotherhood: of, Local No. 105—President, Geo. Low, 63 Fifty-third Avenue West. Vancouver; Secretary, Thomas Carrall, 842 Hamilton Street, Vancouver. Meets at Business Women's Club, 601 Hastings Street West, Vancouver, on second Tuesday of each month at 8 p.m. Boot and Shoe Workers' Union, Local No. 505— Secretary, I. G. Griffiths, 3622 McGill Street, Vancouver. Meets at 804 Holden Building at 8 p.m. on first Wednesday in month. Brewery, Flour, Cereal & Soft Drink Workers of America, No. 300, International Union, of the United—President, Angus McLennan, 6538 Cul- loden Street, Vancouver ; Secretary, W. McLean, 2035 Broadway West, Vancouver, Bricklayers, Masons & Tilesetters' International Union of America, Local Union No. 1, B.C.—■ Secretary, Wm. S. Dagnall, 1244 Twentieth Avenue East, Vancouver. Meets at 808 Holden Building, Vancouver, on second and fourth Wednesdays in month at 8 p.m. Bridge & Structural Iron Workers, International Association of, Local No. 97—President, Sydney Dunstone, 1426 Napier Street, Vancouver; Secretary, Paul Lauret, 1839 Main Street, Vancouver. Meets at 611 Holden Building, 16 Hastings Street East, Vancouver, at 8 p.m. each Monday. Canadian Pacific Express Employees, Brotherhood of, Local No. 15—President, 0. G. Murray, 4330 Dumfries Street, Vancouver; Secretary, E. W. Lambert, 2241 Fourth Avenue East, Vancouver. Meets at 810 Holden Building on first Tuesday of each month at 8 p.m. Carpenters of Canada, Amalgamated, Branch No. 1—President, Chas. S. Robertson, 2758 Second Avenue Eaist, Vancouver; Secretary, J. T. Bruce, Room 35, 163 Hastings Street West, Vancouver. Meets at 163 Hastings Street West at 8 p.m. on second and fourth Tuesdays of each month. Carpenters of Canada, Amalgamated, Branch No. 2—President, G. Findley 45 Forty-third Avenue West, Vancouver; Secretary, W. Bray, 72 Sixteenth Avenue West, Vancouver. Meets at Flack Building, 163 Hastings Street West, on first and third Tuesdays of month at 8 p.m. Carpenters & Joiners, United Brotherhood of, Local No. 452—President, A. McDonald, 25 Hastings Street East, Vancouver; Secretary, W. Page, 809 Holden Building, Vancouver. Meets at Room 213, Holden Building, Vancouver, at 8 p.m. on second and fourth Mondays in month. Carpenters & Joiners, United Brotherhood of (Floorlayers), No. 1875—President, E. C. Woodward, 1402 Fifth Avenue West, Vancouver ; Secretary, A. Reid, 2339 Trafalgar Street, Vancouver. Cigarmakers, International Union of America, Local No. 357—President, J. Halawell, 3939 Thirteenth Avenue West, Vancouver; Secretary, R. A. Shaw, 1022 Seymour Street, Vancouver. Meets at 804 Holden Building, Vancouver, at 8 p.m. on first Tuesday in month. REPORT OF THE DEPUTY MINISTER, 1926. F 81 City Hall Employees' Association—President, D. Hargreaves, 562 Twelfth Avenue East, Vancouver; Secretary, J. Tarbuck, 2792 Pender Street East, Vancouver. Meets at 251% Hastings Street East, Vancouver, at 8 p.m. on first Wednesday of each month. Civic Employees' Federal, Local No. 28 (Chartered by Trades & Labour Congress of Canada) — Secretary, G. Harrison, 1182 Parker Street, Vancouver. Meets at 445 Richards Street, Vancouver, at 8 p.m. on first and third Fridays in month. Civil Servants of Canada, Amalgamated—President, R. D. McMahon, North Lonsdale; Secretary, J. Linson, Patterson Road, Eburne. Commercial Telegraphers' Union of America, C.P.R. System, Division No. 1—Secretary, G. L. Gauvreau, 1622 Thirty-eighth Avenue East, Vancouver. Meets at Room 132, Hotel Vancouver ; no regular time set. Commercial Telegraphers' Union of America, Local No. 52—Chairman, J. Clark, 738 Sherburn Street, Winnipeg; Secretary:, J. A. McDougall, 1633 Twelfth Avenue East, Vancouver. Electrical Workers, International Brotherhood of, Local No. 213—Secretary and Business Agent, E. H. Morrison, Room 111, 319 Pender Street West, Vancouver. Meets at 319 Pender Street West on Monday at 8 p.m. Electrical Workers, International Brotherhood of, Local No. 310—President, J. Harkness, Fourteenth Avenue East, Vancouver; Secretary, F. Buckle, 2525 Wellington Street, Vancouver. Meets at 319 Pender Street West at 8 p.m. on Wednesdays. Fire Fighters, No. 18, International Association of—President, J. Anderson, No. 2 Fire Hall; Financial Secretary, C. A. Watson, No. 3 Fire Hall, Vancouver. Meets at 251% Hastings Street East, Vancouver, on second Thursday at 10 a.m. and third Thursday at 8 p.m. Granite Cutters, International Association of— Secretary, James P. Simpson, 2856 Eaton Street, Vancouver. Meets on third Friday of month at Holden Building, 16 Hastings Street East, at 7.30 p.m. Hod Carriers & Builders Labourers, International, Local No. 602—President, C. Lawson, 1832 Third Avenue West. Vancouver; Secretary, J. A. Barrington, 4293 Welwyn Street, South Vancouver. Meets in Holden Building, 16 Hastings Street East, first and third Fridays of each month at 7.30 p.m. Jewellery Workers, International Union of, Local No. 42—President, Len. C. Simpson, 3492 Thirty-eighth Avenue West, Vancouver; Secretary, F. C. Yarrall, 1836 Alberni Street, Vancouver. Meets on first Friday in month at 8 p.m. Lathers, Wood, Wire & Metal, International Union, Local No. 207—Secretary, Bert. Jenkins, 50 Forty-fifth Avenue West, Vancouver. Meets at Room 209, Holden Building, Vancouver, at 8 p.m. on second and fourth Mondays in month. Lithographers of America, Amalgamated, Local No. 44—President, C. Addie, 217 Twenty-third Avenue, Vancouver; Secretary, J. Thompson, Vancouver. Meets at Room 804, Holden Building, Vancouver, at 8 p.m. on third Wednesday in month. Locomotive Engineers, Brotherhood of, Kamloops, Division No. 320—President, G. P. Boston, 1763 6 Third Avenue West, Vancouver; Secretary. H. O. B. McDonald, 1222 Pendrell Street, Vancouver. Meets at I.O.O.F. Hall on second Tuesday in month at 8 p.m. and on fourth Tuesday in month at 2 p.m. Locomotive Engineers, Brotherhood of, No. 907— Chief Engineer, J. H. Jones, 1847 Kitchener Street, Vancouver; Secretary, T. Retallack, 1749 Seventh Avenue East, Vancouver. Locomotive Firemen & Enginemen, Local No. 656—President, T. McEwan, 350 Fourteenth Avenue East, Vancouver; Secretary, S. H. Waterhouse, 1643 Thirteenth Avenue East, Vancouver. Meets at I.O.O.F. Hail on first Thursday of each month at 8 p.m. and third Thursday at 2 p.m. Lumber Handlers' Association (Independent) — Business Agent, Jas. Greer, 696 Powell Street, Vancouver. Meets second Thursday of the month at 8 p.m. at 696 Powell Street, Vancouver. Lumber Workers' Association, Canadian (CF. of L.)— Secretary, D. H. Marr, 2016 Third Avenue West, Vancouver. Lumber Workers' Industrial Union, No. 120 (I.W.W.)—Secretary, Geo. Murray, 318 Cordova Street West, Vancouver. Meets at 318 Cordova Street West, Vancouver, on Sundays at 2.30 p.m. Machinists, International Association of. Local No. 182—President, E. B. McLean, 453 Sixth Avenue West, Vancouver; Financial Secretary, J. G. Keefe, 4514 Eleventh Avenue West, Vancouver. Meets at 313 Holden Building, Vancouver, at 8 p.m. on second and fourth Fridays. Machinists, International Association of, Local No. 692—Secretary. Percy R. Bengough, 2416 Pandora Street, Vancouver. Meets at 804 Holden Building, Vancouver, at 8 p.m. on second and fourth Tuesdays. Machinists, International Association of, No. 702 —President, W. W. Hague, 3489 Forty-first Avenue West, Vancouver; Secretary, J. A. Holmes, 1754 Pendrell Street. Vancouver. Mailers' Union, No. 70 (I.T.U.)—President, A. R. C. Holmes; Secretary, Herbert E. E. Fader, 2718 Oxford Street, Vancouver. Meets at Holden Building, Hastings Street East, Vancouver, on first Tuesday, in each month at 6 p.m. Maintenance-of-way Employees & Railway Shop Labourers, United Brotherhood of. Local No. 167—President, C. J. Beck, 1612 Eighth Avenue West, Vancouver; Secretary, A. D. Mcdonald, Box 115, Vancouver. Meets at 804 Holden Building, Vancouver, at 11 a.m. on third Sunday in month. Maintenance-of-way Employees & Railway Shop Labourers, United Brotherhood of, Local No. 1734—President, Abner Shunn, 5829 Lancaster Street, Vancouver; Secretary, John Roscow, 14 Fourteenth Avenue West, Vancouver. Meets at Eagle Hall at 10.30 a.m. on last Sunday in month. Marine Engineers, National Association of, No. 7—President, J. I. Marshall, 2247 Tenth Avenue West, Vancouver; Secretary, E. Read, 232 Thirteenth Street West, North Vancouver. Marine Transport Workers' Union, No. 510 (I.W.W.)—Secretary, Geo. Murray, 318 Cordova Street West, Vancouver. Meets at 318 Cordova Street West at 8 p.m. on Wednesdays. F 82 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. Milk Wagon Drivers & Dairy Employees. Local No. 464—Secretary, B. Showier, 1115 Robson Street, Vancouver. Meets at 16 Hastings Street East, Vancouver, at 8 p.m. on second and fourth Fridays in month. Mill & Factory. Local Union No. 1599—President, H. C. Matthews, 571 Eighteenth Avenue Bast, Vancouver; Recording Secretary, R. G. Inder. 1848 Vine Street. Vancouver. Meets at 313 Holden Building, Vancouver, on first and third Thursdays of each month at 8 p.m. Moulders of North America, International Union of, Local No. 281—Secretary, J. Pinkerton, 2159 Victoria Drive, Vancouver. Meets at 16 Hastings Street East, Vancouver, at 8 p.m. on first and third Fridays in month. Musicians, American Federation of (Musicians' Mutual Protective Association), Local No. 145 —President, Edward A. Jamieson, 991 Nelson Street; Secretary, Will. Edmunds, 991 Nelson Street, Vancouver. Meets at G.W.V.A. Auditorium, 901 Dunsmuir Street, Vancouver, at 10 a.m. on second Sunday in month. Newspaper Vendors, Federal Labour Union No. 7 (T. & L.C.)—President, John Pell; Secretary, D. Cameron, 523 Thurlow Street, Vancouver. Meets first and third Thursdays of month at 8 p.m. Painters, Decorators & Paperhangers of America, Local No. 138—President, A. B. Hodge, 5274 Chambers Street, Vancouver; Secretary, D. D. Bliss, 1033 Haro Street, Vancouver. Meets at 163 Hastings Street West, Vancouver, at 8 p.m. on second and fourth Thursdays of month. Photo Engravers' International Union of North America, Local No. 54—President, Edgar Sutherland, c/o Clealand-Kent Engraving Co., Vancouver; Secretary, James C. Wilson, 1640 Arbutus Street, Vancouver. Meets at 16 Hastings Street East, Vancouver, at 8 p.m. on first Wednesday in month. Pile Drivers, Bridge. Wharf & Dock Builders, Local No. 2404—President, Chas. Anderson, Box 320, Vancouver; Financial Secretary, J. Thompson, Box 320, Vancouver; Recording Secretary, A. McMillan, Box 320, Vancouver. Meets at 112 Hastings Street West, Vancouver, at 8 p.m. each Friday. Plasterers & Cement Finishers, International Association of the United States and Canada. Local No. 89-^President, Alfred Hurry, 861 Thirty-fourth Avenue East. Vancouver; Secretary, Edward Williams, 1131 Barclay Street, Vancouver. Meets at Holden Building, 16 Hastings Street East, Vancouver, at 8 p.m. on first and third Wednesdays in month. Plumbers & Steam Fitters of the United States and Canada, United Association of, Local No. 170—President, S. G. Smylie, 3765 Thirtieth Avenue West, Vancouver; Secretary and Business Agent, Wm. Watt, 984 Seventh Avenue West, Vancouver. Meets at Holden Building, 16 Hastings Street East, Vancouver, at 8 p.m. on second and fourth Fridays. Policemen's Federation (Chartered by Trades & Labour Congress of Canada), Local No. 12— President, David Mitchell, 3142 Twentieth Avenue East, Vancouver; Secretary, W. M. Thompson, 1362 Seventeenth Avenue East, Vancouver. Meets at 16 Hastings Street East, Vancouver, at 7,30 p.m. on fourth Tuesday in month. Printing Pressmen & Assistants, International Union of North America, Local No. 69—President, H. F. Longley, 308 Sixth Street, North Vancouver; Secretary, W. W. Quigley, 2083 Second Avenue West, Vancouver. Meets at 213 Holden Building, Vancouver, at 8 p.m. on second Tuesday in month. Projectionists' Society, B.C., Local No. 348— President, J. R. Foster, 1161 Granville Street, Vancouver; Secretary, G. Gerrard, 2732 Carle- ton Street, Vancouver. Meets on first Friday in month in the Holden Building at 11.30 a.m. Radio Division, Electrical Communication Workers of Canada, B.C. No. 3—.Secretary, C. T. Foote, 1414 Douglas Street, Victoria. Railroad Trainmen, Brotherhood of, No. 144— President, G. H. Patterson, 1030 Robson Street, Vancouver; Secretary, D. A. Munro, 70 Seventh Avenue West, Vancouver. Meets at I.O.O.F. Hall, Hamilton Street, on first Tuesday at 7.30 p.m. and third Sunday at 2.30 p.m. Railway Carmen of America, Brotherhood of, Local No. 58—President, A. S. Ross, 5873 Prince Edward Street, Vancouver; Secretary, J. D. Vulliamy, 2215 Fifteenth Avenue West, Vancouver. Meets at Cotillion Hall, Davie and Granville Streets, on first and third Fridays in month at 8 p.m. Railway Conductors of America, Order of, Division No. 267—President, J. R. Burton, 1324 First Avenue East, Vancouver; Secretary, J. B. Physick, 1156 Thurlow Street, Vancouver. Meets at I.O.O.F. Hall on first Sunday at 2 p.m. Railway Employees, Canadian Brotherhood of. Division No. 59—President, C. Bird, 2030 Union Street, Vancouver; Secretary, H. Winter, 2404 Guelph Street, Vancouver. Meets on first Friday in each month at 8 p.m. No set hall. Railway Mail Clerks' Association—President, H. F. Hatt, c/o Railway Mail Service, Vancouver ; Secretary, A. A. Overend, c/o Railway Mail Service, Vancouver. Meets in Room 18, Post Office Building, Vancouver, at 2.30 p.m. on last Tuesday of month. Railway & Steamship Clerks, Freight Handlers, Express & Station Employees, Brotherhood, of, No. 630—President, J. Brodie; Secretary, J. W. Hope, 110 Empire Building, Vancouver. Meets at Belvedere Hall, cor. of Tenth and Main Streets, at 8 p.m. on first Monday in month. Railway & Steamship Clerks. Lodge 626—President, R. G. Walker, 1052 Richards Street, Vancouver ; Secretary, E. Baldock, 6433 Argyle Street, Vancouver. Meets at C.P.R. Storeroom, foot of Drake Street, Vancouver, on second Friday of month at 8 p.m. Railway & Steamship Clerks, Freight Handlers, Express & Station Employees, Brotherhood of, Local No. 46—Secretary, F. H. Fallows, 1504 St. Andrews Street, North Vancouver. Meets in I.O.O.F. Hall, Vancouver, on fourth Friday at 8 p.m. Retail Employees' Association No. 1 (Independent), Vancouver—President, H. O. Eccleston, West Vancouver P.O.; Secretary, Robert Skinner, 571 Twenty-second Avenue West, Vancouver. Sailors & Firemen's Union of Canada, National— Secretary, W. Griffiths, 305 Cambie Street, Vancouver. REPORT OF THE DEPUTY MINISTER, 1926. F 83 Seafarers' Union of B.C., The Federated—President, R. Thom, 565 Howe Street; Vice-President, D. Gillespie, Vancouver; Secretary, W. Donaldson, 2054 Wall Street, Vancouver. Sheet Metal Workers, Local No. 280—President, Austin Fisher, 1952 Fourth Avenue West, Vancouver ; Secretary, David McPherson, 807 Holden Building, Vancouver. Meets at 313 Holden Building, 16 Hastings Street East, at 8 p.m. on first and fourth Thursdays. Shingle Weavers' Union, No. 17813—President, J. N. Chute, 1163 Pender Street East, Vancouver; Secretary, AV. H. Matthew, Joyce P.O., South Vancouver. Meets in Holden Building, Vancouver, on the fourth Sunday at 7.30 p.m. Shinglers' Union (Independent), Vancouver— President, Wm. Harris, 163 Forty-ninth Avenue West, Vancouver; Secretary, J. W. Austin, 565 Beatty Street, Vancouver. Meets at Electrical Workers' Union Hall monthly. Steam Engineers, Sawyers, Filers & Mill Mechanics, Canadian Society of Certified, Headquarters No. 1—President, Lewis Thompson, Gordon Drive, South Vancouver; Secretary, H. Isher- wood, 858 Sixty-sixth Avenue East, South Vancouver. Meets on second and fourth Mondays in month at 163 Hastings Street West at 8 p.m. Steam & Operating Engineers, International Union of, Local No. 844—President, E. MeCal- lum, 2786 Albert Street, Vancouver; Secretary, Geo. Pettipiece, 641 Cambie Street, Vancouver.. Meets at 806 Holden Building, Vancouver, at 8 p.m. on every Thursday. Steam & Operating Engineers, Industrial Union of, No. 882—Vice-President, W. G. Hulbert, 1639 Fourth Avenue West; Secretary, Chas. Watson, 871 Thirteenth Avenue East, Vancouver. Meets every, second Wednesday at 8 p.m., Room 806, Holden Building, Vancouver. Steam Shovel & Dredgermen, International Brotherhood of, Local No. 62—President, D. Clark, Aldergrove; Secretary, G. D. Lamont, 223 Oarrall Street, Vancouver. Stereotypers & Electrotypers, International Union of, Local No. 88—President, J. Murphy; Sec- . retary, J. McKinnon, 3635 Fourteenth Avenue West, Vancouver. Meets at 310 Holden Building at 4 p.m. on first Monday in month. Stone-cutters' Association of North America—- President, E. J. Thomas, Fifty-ninth Avenue, Vancouver; Secretary, E. W. Tonge, 4119 Grace Avenue, Burnaby Lake. Meets at 810 Holden Building on second Tuesday in month at 8 p.m. Street & Electric Railway Employees of America, Amalgamated Association of, Division No. 101 —President, J. E. Smith, 1551 Thirty-seventh Avenue East, Vancouver; Secretary, H. 0. Griffin, 447 Sixth Avenue Bast, Vancouver. Meets at K. of P. Hall, Eighth Avenue and Scotia Street, Vancouver, at 10.15 a.m. on first Monday and 7 p.m. on third Monday. Switchmen's Union of North America, Local No. Ill—Secretary, A. S. Crosson, 1228 Howe Street. Meets at 209 Holden Building on first Sunday in month. Tailors' Union of America, Journeymen, Local No. 178—President, A. R. Gatenby, 1721 Cotton Drive, Vancouver; Secretary, C. McDonald, Box 503, Vancouver. Meets at 16 Hastings Street East, Vancouver, at 8 p.m. on first Thursday in month. Teamsters, Chauffeurs, Stablemen & Helpers, No. 466, International Brotherhood of—President, A. C. McKay, 70 Sixth Avenue East, Vancouver ; Secretary, A. P. Black, 880 Homer Street, Vancouver. Meets at 213 Holden Building on the second and fourth Wednesdays at 8 p.m. Theatrical Stage Employees' Federation & Moving Picture Machine Operators of the United States and Canada, International Alliance of, Local No. 118—President, G. W. Allin, Box 711, Vancouver; Secretary, G. Martin, Box 711, Vancouver. Meets at 991 Nelson Street, Vancouver, at 9.30 a.m. on second Friday in month. Typographical Union, International, Local No. 226—President, C. S. Campbell, 804 Holden Building, Vancouver; Secretary, R. H. Nee- lands, 804 Holden Building, Vancouver. Meets at Room 213, Holden Building, Vancouver, at 2 p.m. on last Sunday in month. Upholsterers' International Union No. 26—President, A. Cook, 170 Fifty-fourth Avenue East, South Vancouver; Secretary, J. W. Gordon, 2292 Wellington Avenue, South Vancouver. Meets at 342 Pender Street West, Vancouver, on fourth Monday of month at 8 p.m. Waterfront Freight Handlers' Association—President, H. P. Hazen, rear of 233 Main Street, Vancouver; Secretary, A. McAdam, 4363 Hastings Street East, Vancouver. Meets in rear of 233 Main Street, Vancouver, on first and third Wednesdays in month at 8 p.m. Waterfront Workers' Association (Independent), Vancouver and District—Secretary, C. J. Wilson, 132 Dunlevy Avenue, Vancouver. Wood-workers, Amalgamated Society of, No. 1 Branch—President, G. Richardson, 2856 Oxford Street, Vancouver; Business Agent, J. McKinley, 607 Fifty-second Avenue East; Secretary, C. E. Ellis, 1657 Thirty-sixth Avenue East, South Vancouver. Meets at Flack Building, 163 Hastings Street West, Vancouver, at 8 p.m. on second and fourth Tuesday of each month. Wood-workers, Amalgamated Society of, No. 2 Branch—Business Agent, J. McKinley, 607 Fifty-second Avenue East, Vancouver; Secretary, W. Bray, Vancouver. Meets at Flack Building, 163 Hastings Street West, Vancouver, on first and third Tuesdays at 8 p.m. Vernon. Typographical Union, No. 541—President, H. G. Bartholomew, Box 643, Kelowna; Secretary, W. B. Hilliard, R.R, No. 1, Enderby. Meetings held at Vernon on last Sunday in month. Victoria. Barbers, Journeymen, International Union of, Local No. 372—President, J. L. Blakeney, 1323 Government Street, Victoria; Secretary, Jas. A. Green, 1319 Douglas Street. Meets at A.O.F. Hall on fourth Monday in month at 8 p.m. Boilermakers, Iron Shipbuilders & Helpers of America, International Brotherhood of, Local No. 191—Secretary, P. W. Wilson, 1837 Crescent Road, Victoria. Meets at Labour Hall at 8 p.m. on second and fourth Mondays. Bookbinders, International Brotherhood of, Local No. 147—President, W. W. Laing, 125 Linden Avenue, Victoria; Secretary, J. A. Wiley, 141 F 84 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. Clarence Street, Victoria. Meets at 103 Union Building, Victoria, at 8 p.m. on fourth Friday in month. Brewery, Flour, Cereal & Soft Drink Workers of America, International Union of United, Local No. 280—President, G. M. Brewer, Crease Avenue, Saanich; Secretary, Ernest Orr, 58 Sims Avenue, Saanich. Meets at Trades Hall, Broad Street, Victoria, at 8 p.m. on second Tuesday in month. Bricklayers, Masons & Plasterers of America, International Union of, Local No. 2—President, E. W. Mertton, 1039 Hillside Avenue, Victoria; Secretary, J. H. Owen, 541 Toronto Street, Victoria. Meets at City Temple Hall, Victoria, at 8 p.m. on first Monday in month. Canadian Express Employees, Brotherhood of, No. 20—President, T. C. Johns; Secretary, F. E. Dutot, 1549 Bank Street, Victoria. Meets at Canadian Pacific Railway Building on first Monday in month at 8 p.m. Carpenters & Joiners (Shipwrights), United Brotherhood of, Local No. 1598—President, Wm. Brown, Fourth Street; Recording Secretary, J. Townsend, Box 26, Victoria. Meets at Trades Hall, Broad Street, at 8 p.m. on first and third Mondays in month. Civic Employees, Local No. 50—President, A. E. Fraser, ,824 Pembroke Street, Victoria; Secretary, W. E. Farmer, 2948 Scott Street, Victoria. Meets at 842 North Park Street, Victoria, at 8 p.m. on second. Wednesday. Cooks, Waiters & Waitresses, Local No. 459— President, Herbert Lane; Secretary, F. Dovey, Box 233, Victoria. Meets at Room 7, Surrey Building, Yates Street, on first and third Tuesdays in month at 8.30 p.m. Electrical Workers, International Brotherhood of, Local No. 230—President, John Grant, 830 Princess Avenue, Victoria; Secretary, W. Reid, 2736 Asquith Street, Victoria. Meets at Harmony Hall, Fort Street, at 8 p.m. on first and third Tuesdays of month. Firefighters, City Union No. 258—President, P. N. Guy, Headquarters Fire Hall, Victoria; Secretary, T. A. Heaslip, No. 5 Fire Hall, Victoria. Meets at Headquarters Fire Hall, Cormorant Street, at 8 p.m. on or about first of each month. Granite Cutters' International Association of America—President, J. Eva, Orillia Street,. Saanich; Secretary, J. Barlow, Box 392, Victoria. Meets at K. of P. Hall at 8 p.m. on third Friday of each month. Letter Carriers, Federated Association of, No. 11 —President, W. J. Pearson, 2253 Dalhousie Street, Victoria; Secretary, W. Cragmyle, 2872 Inez Drive, Victoria. Locomotive Firemen & Engineers, Brotherhood of, Local No. 690—President, E. S. Cottle, Mary Street, Victoria; Secretary, H. Richmond, 615 Wilson Street, Victoria. Meets at A.O.F. Hall, Broad Street, at 8 p.m. on first Wednesday and third Thursday in month. Longshoremen's Association, No. 38-46, International—President, J. Wilson, 706 Blanshard Street, Victoria; Secretary, Francis Older, 746 Humboldt Street, Victoria. Machinists, Local No. 456—Secretary, C. B. Lister, 3226 Oak Street, Saanich. Meets at K. of P. Hall, North Park Street, fourth Thursday in month at 8 p.m. Maintenance-of-way Employees & Railway Shop Labourers, United Brotherhood of, Local No. 2824—President, W. A. Wright, 601 Kelvin Road, Victoria; Secretary, G. E. Wilkinson, 50 Sims Avenue, Victoria. Meets at Labour Hall, Broad Street, on third Sundays of March, June, September, and December at 2 p.m. Moulders, International Union of North America, Local No. 144—President, G. Stancombe; Secretary, Thos. Jacklin, 1534 Redfern Street, Victoria. Meets at City Temple Hall at 8 p..m. on second Wednesday in month. Musicians, American Federation of (Musicians' Mutual Protective Association), Local No. 247 —President, Stanley Peele, 1210 MacKenzie Street, Victoria; Secretary, W. H. Press, 1060 Burdett Avenue, Victoria. Meets at K. of P. Hall at 2 p.m. on second Sunday in October and April and 10.30 a.m. in May and September. Painters, Decorators & Paper-hangers, Brotherhood of, Local No. 1119—President, A. Weath- erill, 1014 Caledonia Avenue, Victoria; Secretary, J. Whittle, 1747 Stanley Avenue, Victoria. Meets at Room 16, Green Block, Broad Street, on first and third Thursdays in month at 8 p.m. Pattern Makers' League of North America— President, J. LeSueur, 1272 Walnut Street, Victoria ; Secretary, J. A. McCahill, Box 851, Victoria. Meets on second Monday each month at 326 John Street at 8 p.m. Photo Engravers, International Union of North America (Auxiliary of Vancouver), Local No. 54—Secretary, Frank M. Day, c/o Engraving Department, " The Times," Victoria. Pile Drivers, Bridge, Wharf & Dock Builders, No. 2415—President, E. E. Goldsmith, 2565 Grahame Street, Victoria; Secretary, A. M. Davis, 1506 Holly Street, Victoria. Meets at 16 Green Block, Broad Street, at 8 p.m. on second and fourth Tuesdays of month. Plumbers & Steam Fitters of the United States and Canada, United Association of, Local No. 324—President, J. Fox, 2858 Austin Avenue; Secretary, H. Johnson, 3261 Harriet Road, Victoria. Meets at Trades Hall, Broad Street, at 8 p.m. on second and fourth Tuesdays. Policemen's Federal Union, Local No. 24—President, Thomas Hall, Police Station, Victoria; Secretary, A. H. Bishop, 316 Skinner Street, Victoria. Meets at Police Headquarters at 3.15 p.m. on first Tuesday in month. Postal Clerks' Association (Dominion)—President, L. F. Hawkes, Cowper Apartments, Men- zies Street, Victoria; Secretary, G. S. Bloom- field, 2528 Garden Street, Victoria. Meets at P.O. Building, Victoria. Printing Pressmen & Assistants, International Union of North America, Local No. 79—President, Thomas Nute, 534 Michigan Street, Victoria ; Secretary, F. H. Larssen, 1236 MacKenzie Street, Victoria. Meets at Campbell Building (sixth floor) at 8 p.m. on second Monday in month. Railway Carmen of America, Victoria Lodge No. 50—Secretary-Treasurer, John H. Booth, 2421 Mowat Street (Willows), Victoria. Railway Conductors, No. 289—Chief Conductor, E. H. Spall, Wellington, V.I.; Secretary, J. Martin, 2109 Vancouver Street, Victoria. Railway & Steamship Clerks, Freight Handlers, Express & Station Employees, No. 1137—Presi- dent, E. J. Leonard, 1441 Begbie Street, Victoria ; Secretary, H. McDougall, 1484 Lang Street, Victoria. Meets at Trades Hall at 8 :p..m. on first Thursday in month. Railway Trainmen, Brotherhood of, Local No. 613—President, C. H. Cross, 704 Lampson Street, Esquimalt; Secretary, W. M. Parlby, 780 Dominion Road, Esquimalt. Meets at A.O.F. Hall, Broad Street, Victoria, at 8 p.m. on second Tuesday and last Friday in month. Retail Clerks, International Association of, Local No. 604—President, J. Talbot, 1737 Bank Street, Victoria; Secretary, H. H. Hollins, Trades Hall, Broad Street. Meets at Trades Hall, Broad Street, at 8 p.m. on second Tuesday in month. Sheet Metal Workers, Amalgamated, International Alliance of, Local No. 134—President, J. McMinn, 634 Rupert Street, Victoria; Secretary, Thos. Brooke, 1543 Morley Street, Victoria. Meets at City Temple Hall, 842 North Park Street, at 8 p.m. on first Thursday. Steam Engineers, Sawyers, Filers & Mill Mechanics, No. 3—President, J. McKenzie; Secretary, B. Burton, Sidney. Meets at Trades Hall at 8 p.m. on first Monday in month. Steam & Operating Engineers, International Union, Local No. 446—President, C. Maclean, 2640 Avesbury Street, Victoria; Secretary, H. Geake, 1242 Faithful Street, Victoria (Box 502). Meets at K. of P. Hall at 8 p.m. on second and fourth Tuesdays. Stonecutters' Association of North America (Journeymen)—President, Joseph Barlow, Box 853, Victoria; Secretary, Wm. McKay, Box 853, Victoria. Meets at 8 p.m. on second Thursday in Labour Hall, Broad Street, Victoria. Street & Electric Railway Employees of America, Amalgamated Association of, Division No. 109 —President, E. F. Fox, 1219 Basil Avenue, Victoria ; Secretary, W. Turner, 2169 Fair Street, Victoria. Meets corner Broad and Yates Streets, Victoria, at 10 a.m. and 7 p.m. on second Tuesday in month. Tailors' Journeymen Union of America, Local No. 142—President, M. Mobray; Financial Secretary, H. D. Reid, 3034 Washington Avenue, Victoria. Meets at 8 p.m. on first Monday in .month. Teamsters & Chauffeurs, Stablemen & Helpers, International Brotherhood of, Local No. 365— President, N. Hanson, 1463 Bay Street, Victoria ; Secretary, P. G. Rabey, 2536 Blanshard Street, Victoria. Meets at Veterans of France, Douglas and Courtney Streets, at 8 p.m. on first Tuesday. Theatrical Stage Employees & Moving Picture Machine Operators of the United States and Canada, International Alliance of, Local No. 168—Secretary, O. More, 949 Balmoral Road, Victoria. Meets at Trades Hall, Broad Street, Victoria, at 11.15 p.m. on first Thursday in month. Typographical Union, International, Local No. 201—President, J. D. Davidson, 378 Burnside Road, Victoria; Secretary, T. A. Burgess, Box 1183, Victoria. Meets at Campbell Building (sixth floor), Victoria, at 2 p.m. on last Sunday in month. Upholsterers & Trimmers, No. 25—Secretary, J. F. Sharp, 570 Yates Street, Victoria. Meets in Campbell Building at 8 p.m. on second and fourth Mondays in month. Willow River. Maintenance-of-way Employees, Railway & Shop Labourers, No. 202—President, C. M. LeClaire, Snowshoe; Secretary, F. Swanson, Hutton Mills. Ymir. Mine, Mill and Smelters, International Union— Secretary, W. B. Mclsaac, Ymir. VICTORIA, B.C.: Printed by Charles P. Banfield, Printer to the King's Most Excellent Majesty. 1927.
BC Sessional Papers
PROVINCE OF BRITISH COLUMBIA ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31ST… British Columbia. Legislative Assembly 1928
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