Hawthornthwaite Outlines Socialist Position On rising to continue the debate on Friday, January 20th, Hawthornthwaite acknowledged the applause with which he was greeted, and when the movement he represented became strong enough to occupy tbe treasury benches Ithey would extend the same courtesy [to their opponents. He had listened with interest to the [previous speakers on the address, but loelther In them nor in the Lieut. Governor's speech did he find much change. It was still a case of "Lo, ItheBe many years!*" He was sur- lprised that the clause as to "prosperity" had not been left out. That same note had resounded during the last [panic, and it seemed to him that in Sthat annual reiteration they were only [whistling to keep their courage up. lit was possible that great prosperity I was helng enjoyed by the busines ele- Referrlng to .lardlne's speech, the speaker said that in spite of the viciouB, vindictive, and violent atacks he (Jardine) had made on the Government, he seemed at last to have found, like the dove out of the ark, a resting place, and one knew where to find him now. It was not Ms (the speaker's) desire to criticise the Government from a commercial but from a working class standpoint, and in order to do that he wished to move an amendment to the Address In Reply. That Government had been elected to further the business Interests of the Province. That class was not without shrewdness and selected a number of men to carry out their business; but he had a very strong wish to criticize the Government from the standpoint of the working class of British Columbia, whose I ment. From some crudities in the Ad- interests he was trying to represent I dress it seemed that tbe Government | on the floor of that House. In order [was going to undertake some "trust j to put the position of the Socialist I busting." It seemed to be the Inten-. party before the House and the coun- Itlon of the Government to deal with try he desired to present a resolution, [the truBt companies, and If they con- The newspapers of the Province had I fined their effortB to that it might he misrepresented the Socialist position, 1 all right, hut iit waB heyond the power j possibly because they did not underlet any Government to "bust the i stand it, and he would deal with that 1 trusts," for the trust was simply a | position to clear up that mlsunder- | product of evolution—llrst the indl- standing. It had been said that if the vidual capitalist, then the company, | working class really understood* the jfhe Joint-stock corporation and then , position taken by the Socialists, they ('the trust No legislation could have (the Socialists) would not get their [ prevented that evolution, and any at- suppcrt. In order that there might be I tempts to reverse It would only re- I suit In harm to those who tried it. Referring to the congratulations of [the Premier on the splendid harvests, [ it was not altogether a matter of con- {gratulaticn from the farmers' stand- no misunderstanding he would move the following resolution: "That all the words in the Address In Reply to the speech of His Honor the Lieut. Governor after the word "that" in the fourth line thereof be point, for increased production of farm Btruck out_ mi t]le foI]owing words [products meant that tbe farmer re I ceived lower prices. Members of the inserted in lieu thereof 'Whereas the enactment of the leg- House did not study these questions laM,m propoBed 1)y tne Government of economics, but they were being studied by the workers. There were certain unwritten laws that governed the production of commodities. One was that when the supply of any com- J modlty Increased, the price fell, and ■ that law would operate against the [.farmers. Attention was also drawn to the j mining development. That development had resulted in an increased output of gold, and no one could say that that was of benefit to the people, resulting as it did in an increase in Ithe prices of all other commodities. PThe result of Investigations conducted kby the United States and other gov- I ernments showed that prices in the J last few years had risen from 40 to 50 I per cent, and many necessities had 1 doubled ln price, and that had been Ithe result ot nothing else but the In- [ creased output of gold, not from the T operation of the law of supply and demand. Some people compared the I value of gold with gold, which was I absurd. Gold was a commodity, the ['value of which rose and fell as did that of all otber commodities. When there was an increased supply Its value fell, and the value of all other commodities whose production had not kept pace with that of gold, Increased ln relation to that of gold. Before the members of the Government put such clauses In the Address they should study these things, which 'they were supposed to know a whole lot about, but of which they evidently knew very little indeed. Th long-promised legislation for the inspection of logging camps, etc., was i at last to be Introduced. The Socialist Party had long tried to draw attention to the fact that hese men were compelled to live under disgusting conditions. The sanitary conditions in general were unimaginably filthy.. Accidents, also, were constantly occurring, and no provision as a rule was made to care for the injured. Men seriouBly injured often remained for days and weeks at a time without medical attendance, and it was time it was brought to a stop, and he was glad to Bee the Government was going to do something. As a matter of common decency their living quarters should be clean and decent at least. But he had no confidence that that would be the result of the Government's efforts. He would refer to the Shops Regulations Act, which was being openly defied, as a case in point. is of little real interest or benefit to the masses, and "Whereas the further development of the means of wealth production and distribution by the present ruling class means, In the last analysis, hut further misery and poverty for the great majority of the people; "Therefore Be It Resolved, that we have no confidence in the present Government and, "Be It Further Resolved, that the collective ownership and democratic management of the means of wealth production and distribution and the abolition of the wage system can alone relieve the existing evils and poverty that afflict the people of this Province and human society." The position tnken by the Socialist Party in all countries was that labor created all wealth, and that to labor It should belong. If that position was not correct, the Socialist occupied a false position and an untenable s'and, and If it could be proved to be the correct one, the member for Newcastle and himself were the only two men who had any right to bo on thp floor of that House. He would nltempt to show that the position they occu pled was the true and correct one. "Brains" were alleged to he responsible for the Immense wealth in existence, 'brains" being supposed to be the attribute of the class that owned all the wealth produced. As a matter of fact all the means of wealth production were legally In the hands of the ml ing class, and one of the functions of government was to keep It in the possession of that class and make it a crime for the working class to attempt to get possession of lt. If the contention of the Socialists, that labor produced all wealth and should be ln possession of it, could be proved Incorrect, he would be glad to join the ranks of tbe Conservative party or the remnant of the Liberal party. The whole of the wealth of modern society consisted of a sum of commodities, and under capitalist production all were engaged in the production and distribution of commodities. In former times, previous to the capitalist era, production was carried on primarily for use, now lt was carried on solely for sale, consequently articles must have an exchange value as well as a use value. They must posesss a certain value on which they could be (Continued on Page 4) Dear Mac:— Strange things have been happening in these parts and as the Local Astrologer has gope upon a "bender" we are unable to say if they are due to Planetary Influence. It may be that Venus is in the fourth house or the Pot house, Mad house or even the poor house. Perhaps Mars is in conjunction with some celestial gentleman or lady with whom he has no business; perhaps, but never mind, as before stated, strange "jinks" are going on. Only last night a male creation of the Cent belt—which we have reason to believe is a portion of the earth's smv face as yet untouched by modern thought—a happy land where Neolithic thought still flourishes, made the remarkable statement that the G. G. A., Labor union and Socialist agitation is all foretold in the Holy Bible. Having but the Socialist mind, this came as news to us, as we bave read the above remarkable work and never yet stumbled upon such a prophecy, have you* As our "nrw stone" gent seemed so much in earnest don't you think that the Dominion Executive might issue a Manifesto officially denying this? Or shall the matter be held over until the convention? At least, you might let us have an editorial upon the subject letting the D. E. C. off as easily as you can, bad as they are they hardly deserve such treatment from so great a man as the local intellectual quoted. On second thought, Venus muBt be up to some thing around here for we have an Invasion of that terrible microbe—the Hookmupicus and the she and he comrades are "looping the loop" in a manner quite fearsome to behold. The idea'seems to be, if you can't convert people to Socialism, get busy and raise Socialists, a truly noble ideal; you watch the fine local we shall have in a few years tme. However, more power to their respective elbows, may they live long and die happy. Foolery, avaunt! now for a word upon a serious matter. The organisation of the prairie provinces is a large work and with Organizers as scarce as flies in winter, becomes gigantic. Most of them Beem to hug the mountain fastnesses and do not like the plains. This may be due to what the tacticians call "a paucity of support" upon the prairie local's part, or it may be due to the D. E. C. idea of organizing B. C. flrst. To those organisers who do get down amongst the farmers these remarks are addressed. Please always make your date of arrival in a town quite clear and try to give enough time between time of w'riting and your arrival to enable a tour to be organised. It is almost useless to write upon the corner of a poster, "Dear Comrade Slave Will Be With You soon" and land the next day. In these small towns there is but one hall as a rule and these are used by all the clubs and organizations tn town, bo that we must some times wait a week for a turn. In the country we must contend with no roads and wide distances between school houses, we must try and placate blighted block-headed school trustees who object to our use- lng the school for immoral purposes. 25 miles Ib a distance not easily covered wltb about two feet of snow on the level aB there is now snd some of our meeting places are quite that apart. And above all, study the farm in its various peculiar variations, it is the hardest position to state, study to make It clear, handle the trusts development, the strange position of the G. G. A., It is no use to analyse social production and leave the meeting to apply the result to the farm, you must do that and do it well. The winter is the best time for advertising our dope, and it Ib half over already, soon the slave will begin seeding and then good bye to meetings of any sort. Who's coming our way next? A. BUDDEN. It will take lots of tbe disinfectant of science to remove the stench of sup- erstltutlon from the earth. THE LAST HOPE Hopeless Attempt to Stop Socialist Movement That particular subdivision of B. C. in which the writer Is now located, presents ln Its development some quite Interesting studies. Owing to large and judicious advertising this district has recently been "blessed" with a big influx of small bourgeoisie and decaying, semi-aristocratic individuals from 'ome. These persons are quite a peculiar subdivision from the native's standpoint. They form a distinct social the trail' toward proletariatville at a merry gait, which brings smiles to tbe face ot the red who is onto tbe game. There ls opportunity for a satirist here to dramatise it "HIBERNICUS." THE END Singularly enough the following editorial In a recent issue of The Daily Call has, with equal propriety, a local class (pronounced klarse) which mixes Iapplication. 1 have in mind the federal not at all with the common or garden [commission, at present "investigating' "ranchers" round. In wearing apparel <0rlental "»i»«"*<»«""' '" "■"■ '""*<■ ■'■>*- they run to leggings (yellow) check riding pants and cloth caps. Many of them are "highly desirable," from a real estate agent's standpoint, as they possess some coin and are blessed with highly credulous natures. Occasionally wo get, through these people, Interesting little personal glimpses of the workings of evolution which is rapidly crowding them and Oriental importation in this port. Call says: "The graft hunt, which cost many, many thousands of dollars, is ended. The result is (will be) 0. "lt was known when It began that nobody would be Indicted. It was known that none of the sources of corruption would be Invaded and put out Every little while some person, society, or nation rises up ln wrath, with the avowed intention of stamping out Socialism. They froth and splutter and fume and hurl at us in their denunciation such terms as abominable, atheistic, infernal etc., and after a little the storm abates and there is a great calm. Meanwhile Socialism, unheeding, marches steadily towards its goal. These people remind us of Sheridan's -famous criticism of newspapers. "The newspapers! Sir, they are the most villainous, licentious, abominable, infernal—Not that I ever read them! No, I make it a rule never to look into a newspaper." These Socialism annihilators seem to bave made it a rule never to look into any Socialist literature, consequently their imaginations regarding the nature of Socialism are very wide of the mark. They tlilnK that Socialism is a fad; that lt ls the outcome of the minds of Utopian theorists, and that it can be abolished if attacked ln time. They may as well try to stamp out sunshine. Socialism is the inevitable effect of certain definite causes which are already at work. Capitalism carries its own doom stamped with indelible characters on its brazen forehead. We suppose there were feudal lords who strenuously opposed the introduction ot Capitalism. It meant to them the abolition of old and sacred institutions, and a loss of power over their fellow men, and thus they held on so tenaciously to the old and well tried system, that although capitalism was connected with agriculture as early as 1385 we find traces of the existence of the feudal manorial system as late as the time of Elizaboth. But tbe change from the feudal subsistence farming to capitalist farming was not brought about by philosophers or agitators. It was inevitable, and tbe causes are very clear. Up to the time of the Black Death in England in 1349, the Lords of the Manors were Interested merely In getting a good fat living for themselves and their retainers. Their estates were tilled and crops grown for use and not for sale. But trade was increased in the towns, and the freemen of the villages were fast migrating thither, bo that it became increasingly difficult for the lordB to carry on their tillage operations. Tbe Black Death caused a much greater shortage of labor and the serfs who had had the privilege hitherto of giving cash in lieu of service if they so desired, were now deprived of this privilege, and tbe widespread dissatisfaction caused serious trouble in the managing of the manorial estates. Thus the lords were forced by economic conditions to abandon tillage farming, and as wool was in great demand in England at that time, they stocked their estates with sheep and production for sale became the mode. Thus we see lhat capitalist farming was not the outcome of nny pet theory mentioning. And yet these blind fools who hurl their Imprecations at us, accuse us of wanting to do away with private property, and breaking up the • home etc., when capitalism has stripped 90 per cent already of property and homes. These very facts, and the continual augmenting of the army of the unemployed by tbe Introduction of labor saving machinery, sound the death knell of capitalism. It is no use stamping; a change is inevitable, and if you have anything better to propose than Socialism then let us bave it. GEORGE F. STIRLING NEW CHINA of business. It wns known tbat the theirs to tho wall. One Individual Im- committee was simply a pretext and ujor philosophy of thinkers, but that It parted to the writer recently—in the parade, an attempt to fool the voters |was a development of seed whicli hud manner of confiding a deep secret as follows: "It isn't that a fellow particularly wants to "ranch," you know. Hut hang lt, you know, It seems to be about the only thing left to do. A fellow has a few thousand, you know, and he has to do something with lt. Such a beastly hard matter to Invest lt, you know. If you put It Into some little thing it brings in no returns, so that's no use. If you put it into one of the big concerns you lose control of lt, and you're liable to lose It altogether. So there doesn't seem to be anything but a 'ranch' left, you know." There was a pause, while I endeavored to look sympathetic, at the end of which ray Informant proceeded with a burst of confidence "And 'dammit- tall,' when you get the 'ranch,' the beastly thing doesn't pay, you know." Altogether the local situation is amusing. The last stage of the small capitalist starts after he quits business and goes Into "agriculture." His career is swift. The real estate person generally manages to sell him scenery for a start and from thence on he "hits nnd other people. But this particular committee, more than any that has -gone before it, deserves all the contempt, all the ridicule and all the bricks ihe public can direct, against it. For fooling the public, for pretending to do things lt bad no Intention of doing, it has not only never been exceeded, but it has never been equaled. While all this is evident from its work and its findings, there is one beautiful big matter that comes up— what ls the use of such a body? Why pretend? Everybody knows tbe rottenness tbat exiBts. Everybody knows that it would not exist If lt was not profitable. R. P. P. By all appearances the next big move of the capitalist class wtll be ln the direction of agriculture, which is "our" most backward Industry. The hayseeds who haven't "got lt In the neck" already, soon will. It Is a bum thing to stand hi the way of evolution and the agriculturist will find it out. been germinating during the feudal regime. The next stuge In the advance of humanity is at the door. Socialists arc not making the change. We have recognized the symploms of the disintegration and decay of capitalism and our mission is to educate the people that they may be prepared for the change. That's all. Politicians and economists of all shades of thought have recognized the Impossibility of a continuance of the present order, or rather chaos. Dr. Ingram In his article on Political Eepnomy In the Encyclo. Brltt: Vol. XIX 188G, p. 382, says: "It Is Indeed certain that Industrial society will not permanently remain without a systematic organization. The mere conflict of prlvato Interests will never produce a well ordered commonwealth of labor." According to the Inland Revenue Report, Great Britain, Cd. 3688, "Out of every 1000 deaths 903 persons die without leaving any property worth mentioning." In other words 90 por cent of the population have no home they can call their own; havo no property, Investments, or effects worth The arrival of the new Chinese Minister, Liu-yuklin, In London is worth a;- note. The awakening of China, w)iich a few years ago was laughed at by* Western critics as an impossibility, is now acknowledged by all but the.;. moat blind to be a realty. China, which even ten years ago deliberately shut itself out from Western education and progress, is now seeking to follow. ■ in the footsteps of the West. Liu-yukv lin himself is a proof of this. He ' ks English fluently. His two daughters are going to an English school. He has studied our ways in a dozen cities, from Singapore to Pretoria and from' Brussels to London... He is accompanied on his arrival here* by a number of young Chinamen, who will analyse English ways and European civilisation under his guidance.- There are today no fewer than 250- Chinamen in England, many of them lit London, attending the School of Economics, our universities, our medical, schools, and our great engineerlnj*' works. A few weeks ago the Chines* Government ordered that all student* in its higher technical schools in IU dominions should learn English. The recent action of the Constitutional Assembly bas ensured the establishment of a formal Constitutional Government in China within the next few months. Rsllways are being built throughout tbe land, Schools for western learning are springing up with mushroomlike growth. Newspapers, preaching progress, are to be found In every capital city. The new army, equipped and drilled after the German model, is bounding into life. The keels of a new' navy are now being laid. A factory system Is being inaugurated, a system whose products may yet compete keenly with our own. China, the sleeping giant of tbe world, has awakened. Those of us who know and love her people believe that this awakening will mean not barm but good for the west and for the world at large. Llu-yuk-lln will receive a welcome from all thoughtful Englishmen such ns perhaps no Chinaman has received before. The foregoing, taken from tho "Over Seas Mall" of December I" is, no doubt, very Interesting to the wage Blave. It must indeed be very nice to think that the Chinese are about to enter Into tho Capitalist mode of production. It just means so many more packages of lnbor power will be on the market "Competition is the life of trade" Is lt not?. Ono of the laws of competition Is tljut "he who sells cheapest is the only one that sells." Can the Chinaman sell labor power cheaper than we , can ? Certainly he can, and for obvious reasons, so the prospect for us who sell life force In order to live Is not very bright. Note the wny In which the writer says "a factory system Is being Inaugurated." How nice for the Chinese as well as for us! A recent Ibbuc of the Winnipeg Telegram contained a list of Wages paid to women In some of the factory towns of England. Carding hooks and eyes in Birmingham Is worth 64 cents a week of long hours. Boot box makers get 16 cents a day. Match box making yields 2 cents an hour and so on, trade after trade is shown. Will the Chinese benefit by the adoption of such a system? Will we? Surely you must answer no. What then? Nothing but tbe Social Revolution. ED. FULCHER '•*». THE WESTERN CLARION. VANCOUVER BRITISh COLUMBIA SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 4, 1911 IHE WESTERN CLARION Published every Saturday by the Socialist Party of Canada, at ths OSes af the Western Clarion, Flack Block Basement. 166 Hastings Street Vancouver. B. C. BOB* OrrXCB ADDBESS, BOX 1S88. BUBSGBIPTIOH: •3.00 Tn Tsar, 50 cenU (or Six Months, W asata for Throo Months. Btrlotlj In Advance, bandies ul I or more copies, for a aariot at not less tl-an three months, at tho rate of one cent per oopy por Issue. Advertising rates on application. If you receive this paper, tt Is paid la maklnc remittance by cheque, ex- tmmata must be added. Address all OMMSunlcatlons and make all money •rdors payable to WSBTHBH CLABIOH. Taxoonvor, B. a THE KING'S WORTH. INTEMPERANCE 618 Watch the label on your paper. It this number ia on it, your subscription expires the next issue. SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 4, 1911 CLARION, 1910. Bound volumes of this paper for 1910 -are now being prepared. All those do- .airing a copy should order at once. ■-Price $2-60. THE "IDLE RICH.' When the capitalist class, beneath whose heavy tread the earth now trembles, flrst began to gaze wistfully .beyond tbe dingy confines of offlce walls and yearn for social ascendancy. Its sole path of virtue lay through per- petual work. Idleness was the one great and abhorrent sin. All the vices ot the aristocracy were said to arise because "the devil finds work for Idle hands to do." Everybody must work or society would decay. And it mast he said that up until comparatively recent years the capitalists themselves •were faithful to a rigid doctrine of Industry and thrift. Side by side with their employees In shop, counting-house and factory, •were to be found owners, partners and members of firms, toiling as they asked others to toil, setting a good example according to their light. They vere upright, eminently respectable; they went to church and p-.aised the Lord. They also sang irymns about work, incessantly. But things changed, as all things must Our good people began to amass wealth and accumulate power. Their Influence spread rapidly. Today they are the greatest class ln the world, so far as wealth and power are concerned. They now find themselves the "aristocracy" of the earth. This proud position has brought its inevitable conditions—hereditary fortunes and an Idle rich. Yes, within the ranks of the very class which shunned idleness as tbe most evil of spirits, has arisen a clique that has nothing to do but amuse itself—and doesn't know bow to do that. The efforts ot this "society" to amuse Itself appear with tiresome regularity in the newspapers and do not require re-telling. One or two samples will 4o. Such as the young man who gave a. dinner at which cigarettes wrapped in hundred-dollar bills were handed around; or the gentleman who decorated a dog's neck with a $15,000 collar for the edification of his friends. Some there are, of the more conservative "society men" who view these antics with alarm, and would revert back to tbe days when a young man's life was guided by the Bible, the ledger and Pilgrim's Progress This "vicious extravagance" is said to be due to too great riches. But that ls not ao. It is a result of the environment of those Individuals who Indulge in It. 'Capitalists are the greatest (and most successful) misers in human history. Their historical record ls one of continual grasping money and searching for more. This has caused the suppression among them of almost; overy worthy human emotion. The coarse exhibitions of bad taste given ns by the aristocracy of today should not be laid to the storing up of riches for use at leisure. They simply display an Inability ou the part of those who have the wealth to properly en- Joy It. Their faculties have become so blunted ln the pursuit of money that they can now only give vent to their ignorance. They are misnamed the "Idle rich," their proper title ls the "vulgar rich." It ls high time the proletariat took a hand and showed these people how affluence should be appreciated. ATEINIT3 There is another sort of socialism which Is filled with envy, malice and all uncharitableness, which has no sane, intelligent or manly outlook upon life, and which is signally mean, petty and ignoble in its spirit Its effect upon its followers individually is most unfortunate for them, both for their happiness and for their character. It Ib to be seen in full flower in the paper which serves as the Vancouver organ of the Socialist party there, and echoes of its spirit are to be found in the irresponsible rant of the speech delivered ln the legislature the other day by the member for Ladysmith. It is not the sort of thing that makes an appeal to man's reason or to any of man's emotions except such as are contemptible. It is largely responsible for the decay of the Socialist party in this province.—Nelson Daily News. Just so. The "kind of Socialism" referred to as being so rude, is that which, in seeking to remove a certain cause, does not hesitate to criticise its obnoxious effects. While we have no intention of attempting to appeal to such reason as that manifested above, as to do that would necessitate our voicing the same interests as those reflected there, we hope to be permitted the indulgence of a smile or two at the antics of such papers when called upon to uphold the dignity of their pet Institutions. In the course of his address on the speech from the throne, Comrade Parker Williams made a few observations which were more pointed than pretty. They are now tbe common property of Clarion readers, and it will not be necessary to elaborate upon them. His remarks about the late king wore more truthful, and consequently less insulting to that gentleman's memory, than much of the silly adulation lately emitted by a fawning capitalist press. For this, many an editorial breast heaves with righteous indignation, and Comrade Williams receives some dignified rebukes. But it must not be assumed that we blame the various editors for this attitude. They are the representatives of Business, for which governments are the managers and monarchy, in this particular domain, is the trade mark. It would not be good policy for advertising agents to permit the firm's coat of arm!) to be tarnished, particularly when that decoration may In itself prove an excellent advertising medium. Kingship is an institution carefully preserved by prudent British shop- keeping Instincts, with an eye to its practical value. The coronation of Comrade Editor:— The Christian Ascetics of Manitoba have formed a moral and social reform council. The Brandon representative's flrst attempt in this direction Resolution No. 15—Change in date e> of Labor Day. Resolution No. 16—Black Hills Christmas Celebration. Resolution No. 18—Bellevlew Disaster. It is strongly recommended that res- Socialist Directory was to stop a boxing match. They0Iutlon No. 17—dea'.lag with proposed failed. These same Ascetics glory in [legislation—be forwarded to Ihe mem- readlng the Bible. They gloat over ber of the Provincial Riding in which please note. Jewish history where are to be found you are situated Every local of the Socialist Party of Canada should run a card under.this head. 11.00 per month. Secretaries X.OOAL VANCOUVEB, B. 0, WO. 46.— Finnish. Meets every second and fourth Thursdays ln the month at 3-37 ,W.-Ktii iiwur Avenue, Secretary, Wm. Myntti. songs of rejoining over the destruction of enemies in the name of Ood. When war breaks out, and bloody battles are fought, these Christian Ascetics celebrate victories by special services of thanksgiving. Every now and again they are seized with fits ot remorse, and then tbey try to stop a boxing match. Lord Macauley said he knew no spectacle so ridiculous as the British public ln one of Its periodical fits of morality. This reform council condemns a man for drinking too much. So do the laws of Nature; but natural laws do not condemn a man for drinking good brown beer in moderation. These Ascetics don't condemn a man for working too hard but Natural law wltb its blessed impartiality does. "I ara sorry to see you smoking, brother," said one of these Ascetics to a young Englishman, of course the good dear old Ascetic had in mind physical degeneration. "You must work, brother," he said the next minute, "and always be willing." Tbe Ascetic handed him over to the farmer. The farmer was of the same mind as the parson, and that Englishman was worked till be was a grease spot. Never Again! All around us we see lives blasted with over work, but the pulpits of morality are silent. We hear no stern condemnation. Arouse! you Ascetics, and stop this wickedness, this sinfulness of the workers. Biology tells us: "It is immoral so to treat the body as in any way to diminish the fullness or vigor of its vitality." Is theology In line with biology? A young man was unable to take a course of study at Brandon College because he had worked too hard. For that there is no social condemnation, Natural Law condemns the man who works too hard equally as much aB any other physical sinner. All breaches of the laws of Health are physical sins; therefore the workers are physical sinners. Their lives are hard, unhealthy and monotonous. They get in a feverish condition and so some I imes they drink a drop too much. After working hard all day a man likes a drop of beer. I have seen men hanging around bars like flies round a honey pot; tired and weary they certainly take a pleasure in tipping it up. Heres's luck! Here's looking at yer! Please note tbe proposed amendment to Section 56 of 'The Industrial Disputes Investigation Act," (Lemieux Act.) It should be forwarded to your Dominion member of parliament, and might be published with advantage in your local newspaper. In this connection I would refer you to page 4 of tbe President's address where lt deals with the contention ot the B. C. Copper Company. Fraternally Yours A. SHILLAND Secretary-Treasurer W. F. M. Statement Showing the number of copies of the Western Clarion to which each Local Union Is entitled. Copies Britannia 4 Grand Forks 3 Greenwood 9 Hedley '.. 2 Kaslo 1 Klmberley 2 Lardeau 2 Rossland Wcmans Auxiliary 2 Moyie • 4 Nelson 4 Phoenix 14 Rossland 13 Sandon 6 bi.verton 2 Texada 2 Trail 7 Ymir 7 DOMINION EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE Socialist Party of Canada. Meets every alternate Monday. D. G. McKenzie, Secretary, Box 1688, Vancouver, B. C. COLUMBIA "FBOVIHCIAI. Executive Committee, Socialist Party of Canada. Meets every alternate Monday. D. Q. McKenzie, Secretary, Box 1688 Vancouver, B. C. AXBEBTA PBOVXHOIAI, BXBOUTITB Committee, Socialist Party nt Canada. Meets every alternate Monday in Labor Hall, Eighth Ave. lia-'t. opposite postofllce. Secretary wlll be pleased to answer any communications regarding the movement In the province. F. Danby, Sec, Box 647 Calgary, Alta. LOOAL VBBHOH B. a, Ho. 38, S. T. ot O. Meets every Tuesday, 8 p. m. sharp, at L. O. L. Hall, Tronson St. Chas. Chaney, Secretary. LOOAL TIOTOXXA, WO. St, .8. T. OV a Headquarters and Heading Room, 623 Johnston St. Opposite Queens Hotel. Business meeting every Tuesday evening, 8 p.m. Propaganda meetings every Sunday at Grand Theatre. , T. Gray. Secretary. George the Fifth wlll be something |Here-s to y0Up Bill," and another one, more than the mere placing of a bauble on the pate of a puppet. It is to he taken advantage of by the Empire's enterprising capitalists as a splendid opportunity to parade their commodities, and themselves, before the eyes of an admiring and (possibly) purchasing world. The "Coronation Exhibition, 1911" of the arts. Industries and resources of the British Empire, ls to be truly an amazing affair. The "Grand Council" of this enterprise presents an awesome array. All tbe very best titles of antiquity that money can buy are lined up imposingly. Sir E. M. NelBon, K.C.M.G., President Cold Storage & Ice Association, is also I don't think. Then you hear a gurgling sound like water going down a sink bole. The man who drinks too much is not the only Intemperate creature. I knew a female Prohibitionist. To see her eat eight or nine corn cobs at one sitting was enough to make the angels weep, and hang their harps on the willows. She was quite satisfied the drunkard was going to hell, and I am sure the drunkard hoped she would go to heaven. If the Ascetics condemn the brewer and the hotel keeper, because their patrons drink too much! they Bhould also condemn the grocer if his custom »- — j alOU VUUUC1UU mc biuvci .1 ...a ..uuvwu* to be there and will, no doubt, have era drmk t0Q much c0--ee; or t*,e dry MANITOBA PBOVIHOIAX. BXBOVT1TB Committee: notice—This card Is Inserted for the purpose of getting "YOU" Interested In the Socialist movement. SOCIALISTS are always members of the Party; so if you are desirous of becoming a member, or wish to get any information, write the secretary, W. H. Stebblngs. Address, 316 Qood street, Winnipeg. LOCAL FEBNIE, S. P. Of 0. HOLDS educationul meetings ln the Miners' Union Hall, Victoria Ave., Fernlo, every Sunday evening at 7:46. Business meeting flrst Sunday tn each month, same place at 2:30 p. m. David Paton, Secy., Box 101. LOCAL OBSBHWOOB, B. C, HO. », S. P. of C, meets every Sunday evening ut Miners' Union Hall, Greenwood. Visiting comrades invited to call. C. G. Johnson, Secretary. LOCAL LADYSMITH HO. 10, S. T. ot C. Business meetings every Saturda* 7 p.m. ln headquarters on First Ave J. H. Burrough, Box 31, Ladysmlth B. C. SLAVE CONDITIONS charge of the peerage department. A circular Informs us that "It is thought that a collection of characteristic types from all parts of the Empire should prove one of the chief features of the Coronation season, and your kind assistance is sought in making this known." We are not only delighted to make It known but would venture to offer a few suggestions. There Is the "railroad builder," hold- goods man if a woman will insist on wearing two petticoats when one would do. Doctors of Divinity are as immoral as the drunkard—when they study divinity too much. Under-activlty produces craving, and so the reserve army of the unemployed crave for a normal amount of congenial work. Over-activity produces loathing, revulsion, so the workers are weary and lng in one hand a roll of blankets, in g|ck of work En0Ug*i, they groan, but *TLY SECURED' ■wc amesn. the business of Manufacturers, "tntioeeru and ethers who realize the ndvisahl!- 3»o* hariM their Patent business transacted hi Eineits. Preliiainaryadvtce free. Charges 2ort-.aU. Our l«vent--r,s A-IvIb-t *■'* upon Sn^est/MariM St Marion, New York tlfe Bldg, Monties-; 1 nd Washington. l'.C, USA. the other a time check showing thirty- seven cents due the bearer for twenty dayB' work. Or "The Problem," a sovereign citizen' out of a job where there are lots of Jobs for everybody— at least, according to those who own real estate and should know. By the way, lt ts astonishing how easy lt ts to find JobB—for people who never have to look for them. We might mention a few more interesting types, but they probably wouldn't be selected anyway. Altogether, however, the perpetuation of monorchy is proving good business. It is a pity there couldn't be a new king every year. Rather hard on the kings, but awfully stimulating to trade. Everybody who has "business" at heart should strenuously boost this Coronation Exhibition. The Socialist Party is interested in tbe affair only In so far as it is an exhibition of proletarian density of mind. The working class reminds ub very much of the man who spent his life in poverty ln order to decorate his grave with a beautiful and expensive monument. capitalism, sweating blood and dirt ln every pore, ts merciless. Be ye temperate in all things, says Biology, this Includes coffee and corn cobs, the wage slave excludes beer because the capitalist excludes work. CLIFFORD BUTLER. NOTICE Comrades In the Okanagan who want organizing or propaganda work done, get in touch with H. Oildemeester, Mara, at once. Send particulars of your district This also applies to the Slmllkameen country. Hedley, Olalla and Keremeos take notice. Contributions to organization fund are wanted; anything from a nickel up goes. Send 'cm in. W. F. M. SUBS Our annual subscription to the Western Clarion has been forwarded and your Local is entitled to receive copies. I would like to make it perfectly clear to you that you can have this number of copies forwarded to you ln any form desired. First you can have your copies sent to tbe Union in one bundle, or Second, you can have single copies sent to individual addresses, or Third, you can have four times your number of copies spread over a period of three months, or, twice your number spread over a period of six months. You cau advise the management ot the Clarion as to which of these methods of ordering the paper you decide to adopt, and they will carry out your instructions. The convention decided to recommend that each Union in the district should hand the following resolutions to their local newspapers for publication, or as much of them as the latter will accept. The full text of these resolutions can be obtained from the proceedings which have been furnished you. Resolution No. 14—Endorsing Socialism and the Party members. The wage slave produces wealth for his master and receives his grub, clothing and shelter in wages. The worker of today is just as much a slave as the slave of the old chattel slave system, only while he has a master he receives his necessities of life ln the form of wages, and when he has not a master he is free (to starve). The worker is not slow to find out he must have a master ln order to live. Therefore he peddles his only commodity, labor power, for wages. But the worker is painfully Blow in finding out that he is robbed while producing wealth on the machines of production. When the price of commodities necessary for his existence rise iu price, he thinks he is being robbed, at tbe point of consumption, and if his master will not give him a higher price, he goes out on strike. Sometimes he gets a higher price for his commodity but more times not. The workers of today are living in an ever Increasing state of misery, suffering, degradation and disease. For hundreds of workers who die, a pauper's grave awaits them. In the mad rush for profits the capitalist cares not for the lives of workers among whom are thousands of little children, 12 to 15 years of age. Men work in mines filled with gases and with poor ventilation, and are oft times killed and injured for life; but still the capitalist cares not and the race for profit goes on over the bodies of dead workers, so to speak. Girls and women working in factories receive hardly enough to live on, while working. When their master needs them no longer, they must walk the streets, and not being able to flnd a buyer for their labor power, and having a desire to exist, they peddle their virtue and wind up ln the red- light district. Mothers have a fine picture of their daughter's future be tore them. The young man gets his also, and many are the workerB who, not being able to flnd a master, have beeu J riven to the paths of crime and become criminals of ths worst type, in order to maintain existence. Poverty, crime, prostitution and suffering are products of our capitalist system, the overthrow of which must happen before the worker Is freed from bis present wage slave condition. Socialism shows the worker how he is robbed at the point of production and that his present condition of slavery is because the worker is not the owner of the machines he operates. When educated to the fact that he must cooperatively own and operate the machines of production, then wlll he fight for the overthrow of the present capitalist system. With the downfall of capitalism the rise of the cooperative commonwealth will occur and wage slavery will pass with its rotten conditions. Classes abolished, there will be neither slave nor master and each worker wlll own the product of his toil. CLAUDE F. ORCHARD LOCAL MASA, B. C, HO. 34, S. P. Of C, Meets first Sunday in every month in Socialist Hall, Mara 2:30 p.m. Cyril Hose man. Recording Secretary. LOCAL NELSON, S. P. Of 0., MBBTS every Friday evening at S p. m., il Miners' Hall, Nelson. B. C. I. A. Austin, Secy. LOOAX COLEMAH, AXTA., HO. 9, Miners' Hall and Opera House—Propaganda meetings at 8 p. m. on the first and third Sundsys of the month. Bualness meetings on Thursday evenings loliowlng propaganda meetings at 8. Organizer, T. Steele, Coleman, Alta.; secretary, Jas, Glendenning, Box 63,- Coleman, Alta. Visitors may receive information any day at Miners' Hall from Com. W. Graham, secretary of U. M. W. of A, . XOOAX OALOABT, AXTA., Ho. 4, S. V. of C. Meetings every Sunduy at 8 p.m. ln the Labor Hall, Barber Block, Eighth Ave. E. tnear postofllce). Club and Reading Room. Labor Hall, T, Machln, Secretary. Box 647, A. Maedonald, Organizer, Box 647. XOOAX EDMONTON, AXTA.. HO. 1, S. P. of C. Hearquarters 622 First St., Business snd propaganda meetings every Thursday at 7:30 p.m. sharp. Our Reading Room is open to tbe public free, from 10 a.m. to 11 p.m. daily. F.. Blake, 649 Athabasca Ave., Secretary. Treasurer, T. Bissett, 322 Fourth St., Organizer. LOOAL LBTHBBIDOE,, ALTA., HO. IS, S. P. of 0.—Meets 1st and 3rd Sunday in the month, at 4 p.m. in MinerB' Hall. Secretary, Chas. Peacock, Box 1983. LOCAL MICHEL, B. C, HO. 16, S. T. OT C.j meets every Sunduy ln Graham's Hall at 10:30 a. m. Socialist speakers are invited to call. V. Frodsham, Secretary. XOOAX BBQXHA HO. 6, SASKATCHEWAN.—Meets every Sunday, 3 p.m.. Trades Halt, Scarth St, Secretary. Alex. Watchman, General Delivery. Socialist speakers will be greatly appreciated. Ben Simmons, P. O. Box 1046. LOCAL MOVIE, B. C, HO. 30.—MEETS second Sunday 7:30 p.m. lu Aic-Gregut Hall (Miners' Hall), Thos. Roberts. Secretary. LOCAL HAHAIMO, HO. 8, S. P. of O. meets every alternate Sunduy evening in I-'oresters Hall. Business meeting at 7:00 o'clock sharp. Propugunda meeting commences at 8:00 o'clock. A Jordan, titey. Box 410. LOCAL PBINCE BUFERT, B. C, Ho. S3, S. P. of C.—Meets every Sunday In hall in Empress Theater Block at 2:00 p. m. L. H. Gorham, Secretary. LOOAL WINNIPEG-, MAN., HO. 1, S. T. of C. Headquarters, 628 1-2 Main Street, Room No. 2, next Dreamland Theatre. Business meeting every alternate Monday evening at 8 p.m.; propaganda meeting every Wednesday ut 8 p.m.; economic class every Sunduy afternoon, 3 p.m. Organizer, Hugh Luldlow, Room 2, 628 1-2 Main Street. Secretary, J. W. Hillings, 270 Young Street. XOOAX HO. 34, TORONTO, ONT Heudquarters, 10 and 12 Alice St, (near Yonge). Business meetings every 2nd und 4th Wednesday; propaganda meetings every Sunday at J and 8 p. m. By arrangement with Toronto University popular scientific lectures every Monday at 8 p.m. during the winter. Address all communications to Secretary, No. 10 and 12 Alice St. XOOAX BBVELBTOXB, B. C, HO. 7, S. P. of C. Business meetings at Socialist heudquurtel-s fourth Thursdays of each muntli. T. S. Cassidy, Organizer; B. F. Guyman, Secretary. LOCAL BOSSLAHB, HO. SS, S. P. of C. meets in Miners' Hall every Sunduy al 7:30 p.m. E. Campbell, Secy., P. O Box 674. Rossland Finnish Branch meets in Flnlanders'-Hall, Sundays at 7:30 p.m. A. Sebble, Secy., P. O. Box 54 Rossland. LOCAL VANCOUVEB, B. C, HO. 1.— Canada. Business meetings every Tuesday evening at headquarters. 2237 Westminster Ave. F. Perry, Secretary, Box 1688. XOOAX YMXB, B. O., Ho. 31, S. P. of O, —Meets every third Saturday ln month, at 7:30 p. m. E. Anderson. Secretary; W. B, Mclsaae, Treasurer Unattached Comrades tn the district are earnestly requested to get In touch with Secretary, who wlll answer all enquiries. XOCAL BXANTPOBB, Ho. 10, B. P. Of O. Meets at heudquarters, 13 George St., every Tliursduy und Sunday nights. Business and Speakers' Class on Thurs- duys; Economic Class on Sundays. Wage workers invited. A. W. Baker, Secretary, II George St. W. Ltaven- port, Org'inizer, 141 Nelson St. XOCAL Oi'TAWA, HO. 8, 8. P. Of O. Business meeting 1st Sunday In month, and propaganda meetings following Sundays at 8 p.m. in Robert- Allan hall, 78 Rideuu St. John Lyons, Secretary. 43 Centre St. MARITIME PBOVINCIAL EXECUTIVE Committee, Socialist Party of Canada, meets every second and fourth Sunday in the Cnpe Breton office of the Party, Commercial Street, Glace Buy, N. S. I-an Cochrane, Secretary, Box 491, Glace Bay, N. S. LOCAL OLACE BAT HO. 1, OF H. S Business and Propaganda meeting every Thursday at 8 p.m. In Macdon- ald's hall, Union Street. All are welcome. Alfred Nash, Corresponding Secretary, Glace Bay; Wm. Sutherland, Organizer, New Aberdeen; H. G. Ross, Financial Secretary, offlce in D. N. Brodie Printing Co. building, Union Street. Some person, doubtless accustomed to eating at lunch counters, has invented a system of treating eggs bo as to keep them from growing Btale In cold storage. Here is a chance for an enterprising individual to devise an electric belt for the preservation of unattached wage workers. To Canadian Socialists On account of Increased postal rates we are obliged to make the subscription price of the International Socialist Review ln Canada 11.20 a year instead of $1.00. We can, however, make the following special offers: For 13.00 we wtll mall three copies of the Review to one Canadian address for one year. For 70 cents we will mall ten copies of any one Issue. For $3.00 we wlll mall the Review one year and the Chicago Dally Socialist for one year. OVABXBS X. ZEBB * COMPAHT 184 West Klnzie St., Chicago. HEW WESTMINSTER LAHD BISTBICT. DUtrlet of Hew Westminster. TAKE notice that David Stewart Ryan of Vancouver, occupation miner, intends to apply for permission to lease the following described land:— Commencing at a post planted near an unnamed island about two miles from ths south end of Texada Island on the east side, thence west 40 chains, thenoe south 60 chains, thence east 40 chains more or less to the foreshore, thence in a northwesterly direction to point of commencement, containing 240 acres, more or less, DAVID STEWART RYAN. Dated November 2nd, 1910, iStttat THE CAFETERIA 305 Camble Street The best of everything properly cooked. Chas. Molcahey, Prop. J2 GREAT BOOKS BY GREAT MEN Riddle of the Universe, by Haeckel ISc Life of Jesus, Renan 25c Age of Reason, Paine He Merrie England 10c Ingersoll's Lectures, 1st, 2nd snd 3rd series each ISc Origin of Species, Darwin ISc Evolution of the Idea of God, Grace Allen iSc Postage prepaid 01 books The People's Book Store 162 Cordova St. W. DENTIST W. J. CURRY Room 501 Dominion Trust Bldg. F. PERRY TAILOR 834 PENDER Price List of Literature Issued by the Dominion Executive Committee "Slave of The Farm," or "Proletarian in Politics." to locals subscribing to the publishing fund, $1.00 per 100, to others 26c per doz. "Socialism and Unionism" to be published. "Value, Price and Profit," to subribers to publishing fund (2 per 100, to others 30c per doz. "Socialism, Revolution and Internationalism" to subscribers to publishing fund $6 per 100, to others 76c per doz This is an age ot specialism alright. The plute is, so to speak, a "sleeping partner" in production, but the "active factor" in consumption. •}®®®®®®®®®®®®®®®®®®®®®®®®®®®®®W af-ST in b.c. cir-.z-vR**': SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 4, 1911 THE WESTERN CLARION, VANCOUVER. BRITISH COLUMBIA. Three THE SOCIALIST PARTY OF CANADA Tb'- Page Is Devoted to Reports of Executive Committees, Locals and General Party Matters—Address All Communications to D. G. McKenzie, Sec., Box 1688, Vancouver, B. C. P08TPONED Owing to the Illness of Comrade McKenzie, the Dominion Executive Committee meeting, called for January 30, bas been postponed until Monday, I February 6, 8 p.m. 80UTH VANCOUVER. Comrades in South Vancouver are requested to communicate with Comrade V. Sleuter, Winchester Ave., half block south of Kensington Ave., South Hill P. 0., with a view to organizing ia local. BELLEVUE. . We desire to call your attention to tthe letter ot James Burke ln this is- !iue, calling for help to relieve the sufferings of those who were dependent upon the unfortunate victims of .he recent disaster. Waiting for "compensation" Ib a irety unsatisfactory performance, and any assistance that readers ot this .paper and their friends might render Ewould aid ln brightening these blight- pd lives. Please send your contributions died to James Burke, Secretary Relief Fund, Bellevue, Alta. MOYIE, B.C. ear Sir:— Enclosed flnd money order for $5.85 ..o be used as follows, $3.85 to pay enclosed bill and $2.00 for due stamps. . P. S. This camp is still dull from Jan Industrial standpoint, but bright as ■regards the number of Socialists that Tare here, it is evident that some of Jthe comrades are doing some good Ipropaganda work in a quiet way, and Il believe that In a short time, we will |"iave a good Local here once more. Yours In the Fight. JAMES ROBERTS Secretary No. 30 Moyie, B. C. NANAIMO, B. C. Nanaimo Local, No. 3, had a very good meeting on Sunday in the Forresters hall, notwithstanding that Dr. Hall of Victoria was spoiling off at the Crown Theatre with his usual dope—White slaves and drink traffic. We distributed Clarions and got one H-ub. I Hawthornthwaite opened the eyes ot (the plugs, re Ancient Lowly, describ- iing the Trades Union movement before |the time of Christ, and the part Christ and His so-called disciples (Mathew, Mark, Luke and John, etc.,) took In that movement. Hawthornthwaite Intends giving those Jackalls down in the House some dope along the same lines, wh'ch will certainly make them «.tare. We had the best collection r.hat was ever taken In the ball. A. JORDAN. Secretary Local No. 3 To our own stronger errors blind. Oh! you Canadians! do you regret the action oi your mother ln executing the hero of the 5th of November of 1653 and condemn it as barbarous and dissociate from your mother, or will you do that if the same lot were to befall those who recently plotted to murder your king? You Canadians! Look at your mother's face for the dirt that has accumulated by so many foul deeds before you regret and condemn others. Therefore, It would be as well for you Canadians to place a resolution ln your legislature condemning your mother's actions. Yours truly, R. KUROI Seattle, Washington. BEGIN AT HOME |My Dear Canadians: — It is no wonder that Great Britain allies itself with a government capable ■of such barbarity as to condemn Socialist working men, when she herself, an awful critic of the Czar and his government and posing as champ- lion of humanity, does the same ln ln- Idia, her great dependency. The writ- |t appreciates the action of the Japanese government ln so far as it has done away with the lives of the So- Iclalists altogether instead of subject- Ring them to mental and physical torture. There ln India, one Mr. Shamjt 1 Krishna Varma, an M. A. of Oxford Band a Ilar.-atlaw of some English tern. Jple or Inn and the founder of the Her- Ibert Spencer Scholarship in the Ox- Iford university, is forced out of the ] British dominions to take refuge ln I France. The Britishers not being sat- 1 Isfled with their action thus far, even deprived the exile of his hard-earned educational degrees and totally abol- | ished the scholarship he founded. Look at the British way ot avenging a man's hatred! Dear Canadians! i Judge for yourself which of the two is more barbarous! England's action or Japan's action toward Socialists? A Hindu lady also Is an exile ln Italy! | These are nothing when compared 1 with other high-handed actions of tbe j foreign highwaymen on peace loving, | philosophical and unarmed millions. And now the Canadian government J proposes to place a resolution ln the I, legislature condemning the action of " the Mikado's government, committed i on their own men, and regretting their i mother should ally herself with such a barbarous government. The Canad- i lans, having tbe same blood running ] ln their veins, should abhor and regret ; such actions. It is something like this: In other men we faults can find, And blame the mote that dims their eye. Each little speck and every blemish find VANCOUVER ECONOMIC CLA38 (Capital Continued.) Section 3—The Form of Value or Exchange Value. Commodities come into the world in the shape of use-values, articles, or goods, such as iron, linen, corn, etc This ls their plain, homely, bodily form. They are, however, commodi ties, only because they are something towfold, both objects of utility, and, at the same time, depositories of value. They manifest themselves therefore, as commodities, or have the form of commodities, only In so far as they have two forms, a physical or natural form, and a value torm. The reality of the value of commodities differs in this respect from Dame Quickly, that we don't know where to have it," The value of commodities ls the very opposite of the coarse materiality of their substance, not an atom of matter enters into its composition. Turn and examine a single commodity, by Itself, as we will yet, in so far as it remains an object of value, it seems impossible to grasp It. If, however, we bear ln mind that the value of commodities has a purely social reality, and that they acquire this reality only in so far as they are expressfons or embodl ments of one identical social substance, viz., human labor, It follows as a matter of course, that value can only manl test Itself In the social relation of commodity, to commodity. In fact we started from exchange value, or the exchange relation ot commodities, in order to get at the value that lies hidden behind it. We must now return to this form under which value first appeared to us. Everyone knows, if he knows nothing else, that commodities have a value form common to them all, and piesentlng a marked contrast with the varied bodily forms of their use- values. I mean their money form. Here, however, a task ls set us, the performance of which has never yet even been attempted by bourgeois economy, the task of tracing the genesis of this money form, of developing the expression of value implied In the value relation of commodities, from Its simplest, almost Imperceptible outline, to the dazzling money form. By doing this we shall, at the same time, solve the riddle presented by money. The simplest value relation ls evidently that of one commodity to some one other commodity of a different kind. Hence the relation between the values of two commodities supplies us with the simplest expression of the value of a single commodity. A.—Elementary or Accidental Form of Value. X cdmmodity A=Y, commodity B, or X commodity A ls worth Y, commodity B. 20 yards of linen = 1 coat, or 20 yards of linen are worth 1 coat, 1. The two poles of the expression of value: Relative form and Equivalent Form The whole mystery of the form of value lies hidden ln this elementary form. Its analysis, therefore, Is our real difficulty. Here two different kinds of commodities (in our example the linen and the coat), evidently plaj two different parts. OVER SB YEARS' EXPERIENCE Trade Marks Designs .... Copyrights *c. Anront landing a llieteh and description may quickly ascertain onr opinion tree whether an liirontlon la probably patentable. Cororamilca- tlone ItrlotlroonOdenUul. HANDBOOK on PatenU lout fre*. Oldest aaeiicr lor sociimhb pateuu. Patents taken through Munn A Co. reoelve special notice, without charge, ln ths Scientific American. A. handionwly .llnstrated weekly. iArgest clr- cnlatlOQ of any ecioiitltlR Journal. Tenim for Ciuiaii*, $3.76 ft year, iiooUtfe prepaid, bold by all nnWaHlaaU-Tt- WU^-SCo.*"-**** New York The linen expresses ItB value in the coat; the coat serves as the material in which that value Is expressed. The former plays an active, the latter a passive, part. The value of the linen is represented as relative value, or appears in relative form. The coat officiates as equivalent, or appears in equivalent form. The relative form and the equivalent form are two intimately connected, mutually dependent and inseparable elements of the expression of value; but, at the same time, are mutually exclusive, antagonistic extremes —1. e., poles of the same expression. They are allotted respectively to the two different commodities brought into relation with that expression. It is not possible to express the value of linen in linen. 20 yards of linen equals 20 yards of linen ls no expression of value. On the contrary, such an equation merely says that 20 yards of linen are nothing else than 20 yards of linen, a definite quantity of the use-value linen. The value of the linen can therefore be expressed only relatively—1. e., in some other commodity. The relative form of the value of the linen pole— supposes, therefore, the presence of some other commodity—here the coat —under the form of an equivalent. On the other hand, the commodity that figures as the equivalent cannot at the same time assume the relative form. That second commodity ls not the one whose value is expressed. Its function is to merely serve as the material in which the value of the first commodity Is expressed. No doubt, the expression 20 yards of linen equals 1 coat, or 20 yards of linen are worth 1 coat, implies the opposite relation: 1 coat equals 20 yards of linen, or 1 coat is worth 20 yards of linen. But, in that case, I must reverse the equation, in order to express the value of the coat relatively; and, so soon as I do that the linen becomes the equivalent Instead of the coat. A single commodity, cannot, therefore, simultaneously assume, ln the same expression of value, both forms. The very polarity of these forms makes them mutually exclusive. Whether, then, a commodity assumes the opposite equivalent form, depends entirely upon lis accidental position In the expression of value— that is, upon whether it is the commodity whose value is being expressed or the commodity in which value is being expressed. (Continued next Week.) which finishes Section 2, showing the twofold character of the labor embodied in commodities. EWEN MACLEOD Sec. Press Committee Class meets each Sunday at 2237 Westminster avenue, 3:30 p. m. Mathematics class, 2 p. m. THE ANNUAL LUNCH DISCUSSION ON EXTRACT FROM "CAPITAL," CLARION, 28, JAN. 1911. If in each of the two commodities is contained the same proportion of labor, then are they equal in value. "If the productive power of all the different sorts of useful labor required for the production of a coat remains unchanged, the sum of the value of the coats produced increases with their number." As the number of coats produced increases, so the sum of their value increases, for, since the productive power of these different sorts of useful labor neither Increases decreases, two coats represent twice as much labor as does one coat. But, should the duration of time necessary to produce a coat become doubled or halved, then, in the flrst case, the value of one coat is doubled, that Is, the value of one coat is now equal to that of two coats produced before; and ln the second case the value of one coat is halved,—the value of two coats is now equal to that of one coat produced before. Yet in both of these cases, the utility of a coat is the same, and the useful labor that produced It Is of the sam •• quality, but the quantity of labor has altered. Because the duration of the labor embodied in one coat has halved, and we now have two coats by the same amount of labor as we had for one, the sum of the total wealth produced by this labor has Increased; yet the value of coats has fallen. Let 10 hours' simple abstract labor be embodied in a given commodity— tben, so long as that definite amount of time ls required to produce a given commodity, the value of the commodity will represent that quantity or magnitude of simple labor. But, If we consider tbe labor as useful labor It may produce greater or lesser quantities of use-values in 10 hours' time, according to its productiveness. Value is a quantity, representing abstract labor, and value varies directly as the quantity, and Inversely as the productiveness of labor. Should labor become less productive, then is the amount of time necessary to produce an article greater, and, consequently, the greater Is the value of the article; should labor become more productive, then is the amount of time necessary to produce an article lesser and ItB value lesser. "On the one hand all labor ls, speaking physiologically, an expenditure of human labor power, and ln Its character of Identical abstract human labor, lt creates and forms the value of commodities. On the other hand, all labor Is the expenditure of human labor power ln a special form and with a definite aim, and in this, Its character of concrete useful labor, It produces use-values."— At the Civic Federation banquet that was held recently in the luxurious dining room of the Hotel Astor, Samuel Qompers was one of the speakers, and Samuel iB credited with saying: 'Where on earth do you flnd another such Institution where representatives from labor—the true representatives—can sit ln council discussing such subjects as bave been discussed here tonight?" The above statement of Gompers contains more truth than poetry, for there ls probably no nation on earth where the membership ot organized labor, except America, would permit "labor leaders" to consort with the giant captains of finance and commerce In an annual feast, that has for its purpose the sole object of making "labor leaders" forget the loyalty that is due to the membership of the labor movement. While Gompers was making his ten minutes' speech, paying a tribute to this Civic Federation, he seemed to forget the presence of Belmont, the labor crusher, who practically put out of business the union that covered the street railways of New York. He seemed to forget the records of all Industrial despots at the feast, and most of all, he seemed to forget that men who are paying per capita tax to furnish him a salary of {5000 per annum, are fighting desperate battles to save themselves from absolute serfdom and starvation. But as long as the lions of labor and the giants of Industry can break Dread at the same table and load up on the vintage of Sunny France, without scarcely a protest from the rank and file who bear the brunt of battle on the economic field, just so long will this travesty be perpetrated annually, to perpetuate the hoary lie that there is an "identity of interest" between the exploiter and exploited—between the robber and the robbed. The capitalists of the Civic Federation are not to blame. They have discovered that the maintenance of such an institution is a good investment and they can afford to invite the "labor leaders" to the annual lunch and pay John Mitchell a yearly salary of $6000. When will the men and women who pay the salaries of these socalled "labor leaders" awaken from their long sleep and open their eyes to a class struggle that can never end, until economic freedom becomes the heritage of humanity?—Miners Magazine. PROHIBITION TRIED The Hon. F. E. Plaisted, Maine's new Governor, in his first official message devotes considerable space to caustic comment upon the complete failure of Prohibitory legislation in the state as a remedy of those evils attributable to over-indulgence in alcoholic stimulants. There can be no denial tbat Maine has given Prohibition a full and far more than fair trial, and now Democracy, with a direct mandate from the people Interested, will submit to popular vote the question of rescinding constitutional Prohibition. And there can be no manner of doubt, from the November vote, that the Prohibition law of Maine will be made an end of. Governor Plaisted in his message remarks that "no fair minded man can refrain m feeling disgust at the utter fuilu'- ' the anti- liquor law. Not only has the ostensible purpose failed of accomplishment, but hyprocrisy, corruption and disrespect for the law have been begotten and developed to a dangerous extent." The extreme advocates of the abolition of the drink traffic as they call It, seem slow to learn a lesson which looms large ln the experience of the past, remarks the "New York Times." They have directed their effort toward statutory prohibition and they have not been unsuccessful. The number of states nominally forbidding the traffic ln intoxicants is larger now than ever before, and yet everybody is not happy. The opponents of prohibition point with grim alarm to the reduced public revenues where formerly large sums were received from fees charged to those who carry on the traffic. The prohibitionists on their part discover, without noticing the anomaly, that tbe nation's drink bill, and even the average of booze consumed per capita, grows steadily bigger. Evidently something Is wrong. Probably several things are wrong. Those who would reform all things might flnd even a rudimentary study of political economy helpful to their effective progress. They would flnd for one thing that reduction of the amount of a commodity consumed Is not affected by lowering its price, as is liable to be the effect when the license charged for selling lt Is removed. Per contra, they would discover that the most effective way to reduce the consumption Is to raise the price. And looking somewhat further for a recent Instance, they would flnd to some purpose what Chancellor of the British Exchecquer Lloyd-George found out by accident. He wanted to raise larger revenues, so he raised materially the taxes on spirits and various sorts of Intoxicating drinks. He found to his surprise tbat the revenues fell Instead ot rose, for the people stopped drinking. This was further proven by the facts that convictions for drunkenness fell off 33 per cent ln Scotland, as much as 70 per cent in some parts of Ireland and 18,000 ln number in England. It ought not to be necessary to diagram the moral. The wonder is that our really earnest workers for temperance seemed to have failed of observing lt—for the British instance is more than a year old. However, we already have Maine starting to re-submit to the people tbe question of statewide prohibition. Is it not possible that It may be decided in the light of such experience? In Connecticut we are beginning again the struggle between those who want to keep our excise laws sfiue and those who want to make them radical and correspondingly ineffective. We shall do well to govern our actions by the rule that high license is more effective than prohibition that doesn't prohibit. (This will be interesting to those workers who are inclined to pursue every issue but the main one—Capitalism.—Editor. will be to the interest of the master class to feed the stock regularly. Now that pension scheme, if by any combination of circumstances, similar to what transpired ln the Alberta legislature, whereby C. M. O'Brien, M. P. P. was enabled to aid a faction of the slaves in the commodity struggle, let ub hope all our members wlll do as well as Comrade O'Brien. The writer's opinion Is tbe more the slave gets the more he wants. Take the people in the older settled countries in the slum districts, and tho twelve millions In Britain on the verge of starvation, try to teach them economics, you can't do it. They are Incapable of learning aad are so prejudiced against Socialism, its bread they want, and their only deliverance Is death. But see them as I have when there Is a big parade on, or better still, you will be going to the old country for the coronation, now just watch theae slaves; see them wave their tattered rags, hear them yell; Britons never, never never shall be slaves. Isn't lt pathetic and the humor ot lt! As Comrade Kingsley says, life is a huge joke. J. T. BELLEVUE RELIEF Bellevue, Alta, Jan. 25, 1911. The Editor Western Clarion. Dear Sir:— You are no doubt aware of the terrible disaster which took place at Bellevue on December 9, when thirty-one (31) men lost their lives through an explosion occurring in the mine. As a result ot the accident nineteen (19) widows and thirty-seven (37) children have been thrown upon the mercy of the world, and until their compensation ls paid them, which will take many months, they will have to depend upon charity to keep them from starving. The Bellevue Explosion Relief Fund has been formed for the purpose of alleviating the sufferings of those wld-, ows and orphans who lost their dear ones ln the mine. The committee would be deeply Indebted to you If you made an appeal ln your valuable newspaper on behalf of this very deserving cause. Any donations received should be sent to the undersigned who will acknowledge Bame, and Bhould be plainly marked tor the purpose intended. Thanking you in anticipation, I remain yours truly JAMES BURKE Secretary Relief Fund TIME'S OWNER An Irishman crossed to Canada on a Canadian Pacific steamer, took the Canadian Pacific train for Vancouver, ate at C.'P. R. eating houses, stopped at C. P. R. hotels, was shown C. P. R. land and finally got to Vancouver, much Impressed with the greatness of that Institution. He went to a hotel, registered and asked the clerk how soon breakfast would be ready. "Breakfast is over," said the clerk. The Irishman looked at his watch. "It Isn't time for it to be over," he asserted. 'Oh, yes It Is," said the clerk. "You see, your watch Isn't right. We run our dining room on Canadian Pacific time." "Good Lord!" said the Irishman, in an awed velce. "Does the Canadian Pacific own the time too?" HUMOR OR MOCKERY, WHICH? NEEDED REFORMS Comrade Editor:— Why don't we get into municipal politics? We have to have these governing bodies anyway, and it seems to me they could assist a faction of the working class In the Commodity struggle, If they were S. P. of C. men. From a propaganda standpoint it would be great dope, we would have nothing to lose, but a whole lot to gain; (a district lot, not a 33-120). One oftlmes hears Socialists say reforms are useless, such as the universal eight hour day, feeding of school children, old age pensions, (and last, but perhaps not least, municipal ownership of cigar stands.)) But seriously, I work 9 hours per day for 365 days in the year and on leap years its worse. If I could get a 6 hour day well—just try me, but you say they will speed you up, well let them go to hell If they like, I get three hours leisure out of lt, and that enables me to study more don't It? If I ever marry and have the misfortune to raise any stock, I hope It The following ls the church's latest dispensation:—Ottawa Evening Citizen, January 5, 1911. "In spite of the fact that tomorrow, 'Friday' is a fast day, the Roman Catholics of this city and elsewhere can order beef steaks This privilege is due to Archbishop Bruchesl of Montreal, who cabled his Holiness the Pope, reminding him that 'Epphany' was a 'feast' day, also requesting that it should not be one of fast. The Citizen was Informed that the request has been granted, thus making the day one of which the whole Catholic world could partake ot meat." No doubt this Information sounded pleasant to those saturated with Roman Catholicism—that is, providing they had the digestive powers, and the necessary cash demanded by the sellers of the luxurious tit bit. But what of you, the recipients ot charity and you, the out-of-works of this denomination and others. You, who at one time helped to produce the worlds wealth—and made beefsteaks possible. You, whose labor power is no longer required at this stage of capitalist production ot "earthly things" which, by the way, is neither controlled or regulated by church or creeds. Such being the case the inconsistency ot religion becomes very apparent when involving the bread and butter question. Just fancy a moderator of religion giving his adherents, the employed and unemployed permission to eat something which their economic condition will not permit. The problem of lt all Is, when wlll the workers wake up to the fact that it was the geographical position ot their birth that determined their rel- igios, institutions and customs. When will they wake up to the fact that they are being robbed by capitalist masters on the one hand, and mocked by their allies, the pious freaks, on the other, men who under the disguise of the omnipotent "unknown" would fain dictate and approve of the work ers meals. Talk about mockery, Socialists aren't in it with religionists. Yours for Revolution, A. G. McCALLUM Following is the list of this week's sub. sustlers: C. M. O'Brien 12 Wat Joeson, Winnipeg 2 G. O. Howell, Calgary 2 H. Carl, Edmonton 2 Parker Williams 2 8lngles. John McGourley, Negritos, Peru; C. McMahon Smith, Brooklyn, N. Y.; Wm. Nicholson, Caledonia Mines, N. S.; W. J. Boughen, Valley River, Man.; A. F. Cobb, Stopplngton, Alta.; I. Carmichael, Lynn Valley, B. O.i W. E. Lamming, Duncans, B. C.J A. G. McCallum, Ottawa, Ont.; C. U. Waun, Toronto, Ont.; John Smart, Winnipeg, Man.; A. T. HlgginB, Brandon, Man.; W. H. Gilmore, Vernon, B. O; John Hevland, Prince Rupert, B. O.i Wm. Flockhart, Nanaimo, B. C; Jas. Richards, Nanaimo, B. O; Abln Bagge, Lund, B. C.j Geo. Heatherton, Greenwood, B. C; G, O. Desmond, Enderby, B. C.i J. C. Burgess, L. Shllvock, "Smith," John Mills, R. Straight, C. Tabor, Vancouver. Bundles, Etc. Local Coleman, Bundle and card.$25.00 Local Vernon, card 3.00 John McGourley, Peru, maintenance 3.00 Propaganda Meeting Empress Theatre Sunday, Feby. 5tn. E. T. KINGSLEY THE WESTERN CLARION, VANCOUVER, BRITISH CULUMB1A. 8ATURDAY, FEBRUARY 4, 1911 B. C. PARLIAMENT. (Continued from Page 1) exchanged. What was that value? That value was determined by the amount of socially necessary human labor-power embodied in their production; commodities exchanged on that basis. That element determined in the last analysis that value, it,was the real cost of production, and also determined the basis on which different com moditles exchanged. Labor created that value, and also the difference in value of different articles. That value was expressed in the market price, which was ln its turn affected by the law of supply and demand, and competition between sellers and sellers, buyers and buyers, and buyers and sellers, all of which, however, produced but fluctuation around the value based on the actual cost of production. If all those fluctuations above and below that standard were taken Into account over an extended period of time for a given Industry, the average of those fluctuations would be found to coincide with that standard. They were natural laws, not man created. The present system of production itself provided the laws that dominated and controlled, and parliamentary capitalist representatives were but puppets whose function it was to carry out the desires of the ruling class. Where did the capitalist come In? Business was not carried on for the benefit of human society. The capitalist looked after his own material interests, and that was the motive force tbat dominated men's actions to-day. The capitalist cared not what became of society so long as he realized his profit. * * • Profit was supposed to be something honest, but the working class believed that the present system was as much a slave system as any that preceded it. It was based on the daily robbery of the working class, and sentiment had no place in lt. Capitalist profit did not drop from heaven. » » « He would touch briefly on the wage system. Not until capitalist production appeared was the wage system established as the universal method of producing wealth, although it had shown Itself sporadically ln society for ages past. Wages were given in return for, and were the price of, the workers' labor-power. The amount of wages was affected by the law of supply and demand, and for that reason the Socialist party opposed the importation ot labor-power, a stand tbat business men would also take if the Government proposed to Import com- ■odities they dealt in in order to lower the price. The flrst thing the worker had to do was to produce the value-equivalent of his own wages, and then he was not allowed to go home, but had to work much longer. It was during that time he worked after producing the value, of his wages that was created the wealth of the capitalist class. According to some statistics issued by the U. S. Government, the average production of wealth per head per day was $14, and the average wage was under $1.50. The average time taken to produce the value of the wage was about two hours, but after that the worker had to go on producing additional values for which he did not receive one single solitary cent. Hour after hour he had to work for nothing. That was the source of the profit of the capitalist class—absolute robbery —Bomething for nothing. It was the knowledge of that that made Socialists. No wage-earner can be or was employed except under those conditions. Tho diffei'»nce between the wages paid and the market price of the product constituted surplus value, the fund from which came the dally profit of the master class. Out of that fund come rent and Interest, machinery, and the wear and tear of machinery, the whole capital of the capitalist class. Where else could It come from? No one ever saw a shower of capital dropping from heaven, lt was simply tho product of labor—unpaid labor—produced by tho working class and not paid for by the capitalist class. What was slavery? What was lt but the power of one man or a class of men to compel another to work for him or them and rob them of the product of their labor? That was the essence of human slavery. So far as the process was concerned we had social production, but if the producers attempted to lay hands on their product they were thrown Into jail. It was called thoft! Might is right now as ever, and would continue to be so practically. The only difference between the chattel and wage slave was that the latter could change his master and the former could not. Capitalist production could not carry on without that wage earning class, which, being divorced from ownership In the modern mennB of wealth production, have to live by the sale of their labor power. But evolution was taking place In the methods of production, the capitalist system had completed Its evolution and must of necessity pass away. When a system can no longer operate successfully It can but lead to additional misery and want. Investigation would show the truth of the statements contained in his amendment to the address. As capitalist production had developed it had resulted In Increased mis- cry and degradation for the masses of the people. Taking the TJ. S.—and many people would like to see Canada become another II. S.—and accept the government statistics, and they would find that there were 10,000,000 people in the direst poverty, in the greatest civilization the world had ever seen. In 1885, 15 per cent of the productive workers were unemployed, a few years later 25 per cent, In 1900 the'-e were 200,000 out of work, now It was computed that 50 per cent, were unemployed and yet people talked of the need of Importing more skilled workers. In the U. S. there were 10,000,- 000 in dire distress. In the whole of the U. S. there were 12,500,000 families. Of this number 1 per cent (125,- 000 families) possessed on an average $1,250,000, 1,362,000 families were fairly well off with an average of $14,- 180, 4,762,500 families were poor with an average wealth of $1639, and 6,- 250,000 families possessed no wealth at all. Eleven-twelfths of tbe nation were thus in proverty. What a ghastly commentary on tbe boasted prosperity and the achievements of civilization. It was the prosperity of the master class, not of the working class. Let them turn to London, the heart of their Empire and the centre of their civilization. Of the population of that city 1,800,000 are in abject poverty, 1,000,000 draw but a scanty wage, 25 per cent are doomed to fill pauper's graves. In the East End 55 per cent of the children die before they are 5 years of age, 50 out of every 100 die in their first year, and the coroner holds 600 Inquests yearly over children smothered by their mothers! In England out of every 1000 people, 939 die in poverty, 8,000,000 are always on the edge of starvation, and 20,000,- 000 have but the base necessities of life. That was the Inferno that existed in the heart of the Empire they alluded to as the Empress of the world and the leader of civilization. The present system was the most destructive and expensive of any that had evolved. Every year a million of workerB were injured or slaughtered. On the railroads in the U. S. in 1908 alone, 85,000 were killed and injured— 1 ln 17. ♦ • * The workers of all countries were studying these tacts and would soon put a stop to such an insane system. Whether it could be stopped by peaceful legislative methods or not, the revolution would take place. They would not stand it much longer. Dealing with the waste under capitalism the speaker Instanced the fact of $1,555,000 annually spent to keep up the standing armies of the world, all paid for out of the surplus value— unpaid toil—extracted from the workers. On a peace footing there were maintained In Europe more soldiers than men engaged in direct production, and the number would be increased to 18,000,000 or 19,000,000 on a war footing. Today Europe maintained 5,000,000 men under arms. The annual cost of the army of Great Britain was $325,000,000. She had a national debt of $3,945,000,000. Let them contrast that waste with the conditions of the workers. He had but briefly touched upon the position taken by the Socialists in the different countries of the world. As to practicing their principles, how could they practice a system that, did not prevail? They were living under capitalist production, and every one had to do the best for himself. It is rob or be robbed; we have to make the best of conditions as they existed. No attempt was made to discuss the amendment or combat any of the arguments advanced, and "It was defeated on a show of hands, only Williams and Hawthornthwaite supporting lt, Jardine and Brewster voting their confidence ln the government. The capitalist prcBB, while reporting the opening retnarkB of Hawthornthwaite, virtually suppressed the part dealing with the amendment. Wednesday, Jan. 26 Provincial Secretary Young moved the second reading of bill No. G. "An Act resiiectlng health regulations for lumber camps, mining camps, fw- mills, and other places In which labor Is employed." He referred to the many complaints received as to the con. dltions in these places not being conducive to the health of the men employed or the well-being of the people. The government would create a separate department In the health de-. partment to carry out the provisions of the bill before the House. It was their Intention to appoint a srnall staff of Inspectors to travel through the Province and Inspect the camps, and the government would have a department to which complaintB from men and employers could be referred. The bill would force employers to provide medical attendance, and the construction of tho camps would be under the supervision of the inspectors. A penalty clause not at present Included in the bill would be Inserted and enforced. Parker WilllamB said the bill was very different from what he had expected lt to bo. He had worked In many kinds of the camps dealt wit'/ under the bill, and knew that the time had long passed when the bill should have been introduced. The Socialist member for Grand Forks had attempted to get a similar bill through when he sat in the House a few years back, and the Provincial Secretary had then failed to see the necessity of doing anything. The government did not seem to look on that nind of legislation from any but a political standpoint. If a government supporter nad Introduced that bill In the past instead of a Socialist, for instance, the present member for Grand 'Forks—"but the present member would jnot be guilty of anything but a corporation bill." The government was ! introducing bills affecting private Interests, over the heads of private members. That one before the House j was not the only Instance. The government had downed it when introduced by Mclnnls and now brought lt in themselves. Under the proposed bill the Provincial Board of Health would be empowered to make regulations tor these camps. He had more confidence in the administration of that department, of which the Provincial Secretary was the head, than in any other, but he could not see why the House could not be trusted to make these regulations. The Provincial Secretary did not know of the conditions in the camps ln every detail. The 42 members in that House should know something between them not known to Dr. Fagan (of the health department) and his assistants. * * * Two years ago he (P. Williams) had Introduced a bill dealing with these camps, giving special attention to the provision of men with knowledge of "first aid" treatment in accident cases, which would be very useful. His bill would have required the employers to keep men with a knowledge of "first aid." He had withdrawn it on the request of the Provincial Secretary, based on the ground that as the working of his bill required the expenditure of public funds for Inspectors etc., it was not in the province of a private member to Introduce, and the government intended to bring down a measure ln a more comprehensive shape the following session. Nothing was done in the next session. He had expected the present bill would include provision for "flrst aid" but it did not do so. The bill provided that any rules might be made by the department of health. He wished it had gone more Into details, and the House had been given the power to make the rules. In many camps the men were assessed for medical services, and some doctors were employed not properly qualified to act, and were merely getting their practical knowledge ln the camps. If the money assessed from the men were all paid to the doctor, he would be the highest paid of the profession in B. C. One company known to the speaker had raised about $250 clear profit for themselves from the assessment every month. He had heard that a relative of one of the directors of the C. N. R. (of either Mr. McKenzie or Mr. Mann) had charge of the men engaged on that road. He (Williams) would ask the Provincial Secretary to see to It that the men were not exploited by the contractors by that method. Hawthornthwaite, like the previous speaker, had also some doubts as to the efficiency of the bill. He could not endorse the effusions of Parker Williams as to the health board. It was dominated and affected by interests opposed to those of the men it was to benefit. On several occasions he had introduced measures affecting this kind of labor. B. C. had some advanced legislation in that respect but they were still far behind most other countries In the world, and there might be no credit to the government for bringing in that bill. To offset the demand of the working class for ownership ln the means of life the governments of the world would grant reforms In the Interests of labor. The Liberal party had been a self-styled reform party in that House for the last few years, but had not been very effective. If there had been 16 or 17 Socialists In the places of the Liberals In the last House, much more time would have been taken up with labor legislation. The enforcement ot the regulations under the bill would be left to the board of health, and gave that board power to make the rules. Sub-clause (3) gave them power to employ duly qualified medical men, and to provide for hospital accomodations for the men. The board of health had no such power under the act, no power to spend public money. The bill was something in the nature of a gold brick, and absolutely unworkable in its present shape. He did not need to dwell on the hardships in the camps. They were turning out wealth for their owner and cripples for the charitably disposed lo maintain. In large centres of population many of these men, lacking eyes and limbs, could be seen begging, and lt was high time it should be stopped. Even it the bill was workable lt would not cover those points. The department should seriously Investigate the assertions that were continually being made as to these matters, and provide proper medical attendance for those who are Injured. McBride contended that the Provincial Board of Health was the Executive Council of I). O., and the desire of the last speakm- to have the Executive Council give directions was carried out by clause 1, which gave the Provin cial Board of Health power to make regulations. For all technical purposes they could rely on Dr. Fagan and bis assistants, and in discussing a difficult problem could rely on (heir experience. The matter was practically under the eye of the executive council. Funds would be provided to enforce the act, and the government would provide a small staff of inspec- ors. The government was quite mindful of the necessity of inspecting the camps, us urged in former sessions by the Socialist members. The government did not desire to claim all the credit, but it was proper to admit that the member for Nanaimo had, with the member for Newcastle (Hawthornthwaite and Williams) brought up the matter on many occasions. The government had in the past adopted many suggestions from the opposite side of the House, and lt was difficult to understand what was being aimed at by the present attitude of the Op position. He was satisfied that a large percentage of previous legislation introduced by the Socialist had not been Intended to pass, because It contained drastic clauses, 'ihe government was not there to represent the capitalist class, or the working class, but to con slder the Interests of all classes. The Socialists desired to occupy all the time ot the House, in passing their labor legislation, and thac would mean ruin to B. C. The government was prepared to deal with their proposals ln the same spirit as if they came from the government side of the House. «■••■• With respect vo the bill before the House the Lieut. Governor-ln-Councll was brought into close contact with the details of the act. Hawthornthwaite.—But the board of health had no power to provide for medical attention and the erection of hospitals, etc., under the provisions of the Health Act. McBride—The board of health might be expected to provide for the intelligent carrying out of the Act. Hawthornthwaite—But they cannot do lt except under the Act. McBride replied that If the bill did not work it could be amended. The bill then passed the second reading stage. It has yet to go through tne committee stage, and will probably be amended to meet the points raised by Hawthornthwaite and Williams. IS HE RESPONSIBLE? In the course of a "lecture" on sociology given by a shareholder of this previous sheet, "Western Clarion," the following statement was made with great emphasis—"When gold was scarce the price of commodities was very low." As a student of Political Economy, 1 beg of you, editor, *o grant me space to comment on the above absurd statement. First, to Infer that the scarcity of gold is the cause of commodities' low price, implies that if gold was to vanish, the prices of things would likewise disappear. Second, it further implies that the sum total price of all existing commodities, was determined by the sum total weight of gold. If this line of reasoning holds good lt naturally follows that with an increased production of gold, prices of commodities would also raise, and in the same proportion as In its decrease. Cutting it short, the lecturer's position ls,—no gold, no price; much gold big price. Must this statement be looked upon as being a final analysis of "Capitalist Production," or the basis of exchange for a future state? Let ub look at what the great economist says: (Marx Capital, page 62) Money serves as the form of manifestation of the value of commodities, or as the material in which the magnitudes of their values are socially expressed. An adequate form of manifestation of value, a flt embodiment of abstract, undifferentiated, and therefore equal human labor, since the difference between the magnitudes of value ls purely quantitative, money commodity must be susceptible of merely quantitative differences, must therefore be divisible al will, and equally capable of being reunited. Gold and silver possess these properties by nature. The use-value of money (gold) commodity becomes twofold. In addition to Its special use-value as a commodity (serving to stop teeth, to form raw material of articles of luxury, etc.) It acquires a formal use-value, originating in its specific social function. Since all commodities are merely particular equivalents of money, the latter being their universal equivalent, they, with regard to the latter as the universal commodity, play the parts of particular commodities. We have seen that the money form is but the reflex, thrown upon one single commodity, of the value relations of all the rest. Page 64. Therefore, although we may be aware that gold is money, and is directly exchangeable for all other commodities, yet that fact by no means tells how much 10 lbs, of gold ls worth. Money, like every other commodity, cannot express the magnitude of It3 value except, relatively in other commodities. ThlB value ls determined by the "labor time" required for its production, and is expressed by the quantity of any other commodity that costs the amount of labor time. The quantitative determination of Its relative value takeB place at the PLATFORM Socialist Party of Canada We, the Socialist Party of Canada, lu convention assembled, affirm our allegiance to and support of the principles and programme of the revolutionary working class. Lauor produces all wealth, and to the producers lt should belong. The present economic system Is based upon capitalist ownership of the means of production, consequently all the products of labor belong ts the capitalist class. The capitalist Is therefore master; the worker s slave. So long as the capitalist class remains ln possession of the reins of government all the powers of the State wlll be used to protect aad defend their property rights in the means of wealth production sad their control of the product of labor. The capitalist system gives to the capitalist an ever-swelling stream of profits, and to the worker an ever-increasing measure ot misery and degredation. The Interest of the working class lies in the direction ot setting Itself free from capitalist exploitation by tbe abolition of tho wage system, under which is cloaked the robbery of the working class at the point ef production. To accomplish this necessitates the transforms- tien of capitalist property ln the means of wealth production into collective er working-class property. The Irrepressible conflict of interests between the capitalist and the worker is rapidly culminating ln a struggle tor possession of the reins of government—the capitalist to hold, the worker to secure it by political action. This ls the class struggle. Therefore, we call upon all workers to organize under the banner of the Socialist Party of Canada with the object of conquering the public powers for the purpose of setting up and enforcing the economic programme of the working class, as follows: 1. The transformation, as rapidly as possible, of capitalist property in the means of wealth production (natural resources, factories, mills, railroads, etc.) into the collective property of the working class. 2. The democratic organization and management ot industry by the workers. 3. The establishment, as speedily as possible, of production for use Instead of production for profit. The Socialist Party wben in office shall always and everywhere until the present system is abolished, make the answer to this question its guiding rule of conduct: Will this legislation advance the interests of the working class and aid the workers in their class struggle against capitalism? If it will, the Socialist Party is for lt; lt lt will not, the Socialist Party ls absolutely opposed to IL In accordance with this principle the Socialist Party pledges itself to conduct all the public affairs placed In its hands in such a manner as to promote the interests ot the working class alone. source of Its production by means of barter. When it stepB Into circulation as money, Its value is already given. In the lasl decades of the 17th century It had already been shown that money was a commodity, but this step marks oniy the infancy of its analysis. Tbe difficulty lies, not in comprehending that money is a commodity, but in discovering how, why, and by what means a commodity becomes money. Page 70. As a measure of value and as standard of price, money has two entirely distinct functions to perform. it is the measure of value inasmuch as it Is the socially recognized Incarnation of human labor; it is a standard of price inasmuch as it is a fixed weight of metal. As a measure of value it serves to convert the values of all manifold commodities into price, a certain weight must be fixed upon as a unit in this case, as In all cases of measuring quantities of the same denomination, the establishment of an unvarying unit of measure ls all-Important. It is in the flrst place, quite clear that a change in the value of gold does not, in any way, effect its function as a standard of price, no matter how this value varies, the proportions between the values of different quantities of metal remain constant. However great the rise or fall in its value, 12 oz. of gold would still have 12 times the value of 1 oz. and in prices, the only thing considered is the relation between different quantities of gold. Seeing now that no rise or fall In the value of 1 oz. can alter its weight, no alteration can take place In the weight of its aliquot parts. Thus gold always renders the same service as an Invariable standard of price, however much Its value may vary. In the second place, a change ln the value ot gold does not interfere with Its functions as a measure of value. The change affects all commodities simultaneously, and therefore leaves their relative values unaltered, although those values are now expressed In higher or lower gold prices,—When we estimate the value of any commodity by a definite quantity of the use- value of some other commodity, so in estimating the value of the former in gold, we assume nothing more than that the production of a given quantity of gold costs, at a given period, a given amount of "labor." Page 73. The price, or quantities of gold into which the values of commodities are ideally changed, are therefore now expressed in names of coins, or in legally valid names of the subdivisions of the gold standard. Hence, Instead of saying, a quarter of wheat is worth an ounce of gold, we say, lt Is worth £3. 18. 7%. In this way commodities express by their prices, how much they are worth. Looking at commodities In bulk, gold included, it is to find that the same substantial reality exists in each. They all tell us, that they are the result of those mental and physical capabilities existing in human beings. Finally—they bespeak of definite masses of labor time, therefore tbe exchange (price) ot one commodity for another, is determined by the necessary "labor time" spent in their respective production. Yours in Revolt A. G. McCALLUM. P. S. We have fed you both 2000 years; God knows you have had your share. Must we, your feeders, believe our ears. That you dare mock our bill of fare? "Life has a spiritual basis." If this be true it is remarkable that not one writer on "spiritual things" has ever described or imagined things which have not a counterpart in some material substance. Bring your dull razors lo SMITH'S BARBER SHOP Clarendon Pool Room, opposite car barm Westminster Avenue Vancouver, B.C. TO HOUSEKEEPERS (J If you would like to spend less time in your kitchen and woodshed, and have much more time for outdoor life, recreation and pleasure, look into the question of doing your cooking wi*.h a Gas Range. Telephone your address to our office and we will send a man to measure your premises and give you an estimate oi cost of ' .istalling the gac pipes, Vancouver "as Company,, Limited.
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Western Clarion Feb 4, 1911
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Title | Western Clarion |
Publisher | Vancouver, B.C. : The Western Socialist Publishing Co., Limited |
Date Issued | 1911-02-04 |
Geographic Location | Vancouver (B.C.) |
Genre |
Newspapers |
Type |
Text |
FileFormat | application/pdf |
Language | English |
Notes | Titled The Western Clarion from June 18, 1904 to June 1, 1907; titled Western Clarion thereafter. |
Identifier | Western_Clarion_1911_02_04 |
Series | BC Historical Newspapers |
Source | Original Format: Royal British Columbia Museum. British Columbia Archives. |
Date Available | 2016-04-04 |
Provider | Vancouver : University of British Columbia Library |
Rights | Images provided for research and reference use only. Permission to publish, copy, or otherwise use these images must be obtained from the Digitization Centre: http://digitize.library.ubc.ca/ |
DOI | 10.14288/1.0318744 |
Latitude | 49.261111 |
Longitude | -123.113889 |
AggregatedSourceRepository | CONTENTdm |
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