1-V Industrial Unity Ib Strength The Official Organ of Distr ict No. 18, U. M. W. of A. Political Unity Is Victory No. ai, vol. vm, A* THE DISTRICT LEDGER, FERNIE, B. C, JANUARY 16, 1915. /0e&7 ."r= The Annual Qivic . * Entertainment When. -Mayor Gates arose from his praiseworthy terms of the school trus- chair in the Grand Theatre shortly j tee's work, alluding to the limitations after eight o'clock on -Monday nlgld of the Council in regard to the allow- he was confronted by a spa of smllltifj races, exteudlug in -close berried ranks from the front rows clear back to the end of tho lower hall, where a line of wall-flowers stood creel, -practically ever:- Mai in the gallery was occupied hence th1) term "a bumper house" la quite ia order. A wore jovial assemblage could not be imagined. it seemed aa if the spirit "Good time" had -been- burned loose as raillery and badinage were evidenced throughout the entire session. Tho only incident that temporarily disturbed Uie proceedings was an extra hilarious individual who had paid too .persistent -attention to John Barleycorn. This young man was courteously escorted to the outside. - HIb Worship stated that he felt convinced the citizens would recognize that during his two years In office lie had, conscientiously endeavored to fulfill th-? promises made before election, and now. when he was relinquishing (he relne of off-Ice it was his intention to keep up a lively interest iii municipal affairs. At the conclusion ot his abort speech he 'explained the reason that the full financial report was not forthcoming was due to the auditing having only been completed on the -Saturday -previous, hence the short time at the- disposal of the printer prevented the completion of the balance sheet in time to present to the electorate. -Ji L. tben atated that it had heen amicably arranged- by the two candidates for tMayor that each should have an allowance of twenty miin-utea,' followed by- five minutes for answering queistlong. Thomas'JTBi ALF BUDDEN TQ LECTURE "hM to €e flrs^ap&ker^ At tbla point Dave Rees arose in the gallery and asked, permission to speak. . '•fltijtf-helngf granted, he said that' aa;%; t^;$itimfrM$&V, cij£ colatod in Northern Alberta that Fernie mines needed from 1600 to 2000 men many were deceived, and upon arriving' In the city found themselves Itv' in « wofn) plight He asked that tbe mayor would take Immediate steps to havo tMs Injurious rumor contradicted. Tbls tbo mayor promised to do, and then called upon Thomas Uphill to address the gathering. Upon advancing to the front of the platform, Alderman Uphill was most heartily applauded, tbls eubsld> lag, be atated that thia wae his third appearance before tbe electorate of Pernie, asking their suffrage twice as Aldorman, and opon bis record in that capacity bo sought the -honor of being electod to tbo higher office of Mayor. Two reports were being assiduously circulated for tbe purpose of showing tbat he was not in the best position to fulfil tho duties—firstly, tbat because of his connection In an official capacity with a labor union tbe tendency of hH aotlons would he to Kbow a preference to those who wore union men to tbs detriment of tho otber ratepayers, -To tbla charge bo replied tbat no union man desired special privileges orer any other Individual sad that bis motto, If elected, wonlS be td deal fairly and squarely with every one reg-ardlesa of his affiliations. To tbs second contention that m his capacity of Msyor he would b« placed in an embarrassing poeition should a stoppags Uke place at ths end of March when the agreement hetween the miners and the company expires, ho atated that tf elected, and such a contingency should arise, he could -promlss most emphntioally no eitra policemen would be employed, but the eltliena *now, as well as he did, that no matter who wsa In the executive chair, if It were downed ae* c«esary no hesitation would bo shown by the parties interested in celling apon the Attorney (leoeral lo Uke cbarte of the situation, and this woald forthwith ho done. Reference was made to promises given, and an allusion to the building of an arcade under the fl. ti,. track brought forth • boarty burnt of laugh* ance for the school owing to the government restricting the outlay to four and- a half mills, whereas this was inadequate, he closed a well tounded address by promising careful und economic administration of the City's funds und due consideration cf any grievance presented to him. He took his seat amidst a salvo of applause from all sides. Wm. J. J. Morrison, who was warmly acclaimed upon stepping to the front of the platform, paid some very nice com-pliments to his opponent, Uphill, but felt fully confident that he (IMorrison) would be elected Mayor. Stated he would at all times be ready to hear grievances and urged those who wish to criticize not to do so on the outside, but to present the case to him. He. said lie believed -"In a fair day's wage for a fair day's work," and when asked by a gallery questioner what he considered a fair day's wage replied $3.00 a day. -.When Interrogated on the band question'and his attitude regarding e-irae, the speaker did his utmost to avo'd making n direct answer, but his cateehist would not be satisfied and finally Jlr. Morrison replied, "I believe tli&t the City Rand should be given preference." The 'Mayor then called upon -H. E. iBarnee. This candidate believed in a reduction of tbe water rate; band money should be divided equally between the two 'applicants; expressed gratification tbat the three School Trustees had been - re-elected by acclamation. - S- ■ •Mr.-Win. Bird annoM-^p'd^ljnself as jjaboiljftndtewtei-ol^Mslged-his^rs''- Alf Budden, a thorough student of ^Socialist philosophy, a pleasing speaker and a ready debater, will deliver an address, Sunday night, next in the Hall of the Fernie Local of the S. P. of ii. Subject: "The Last Stand of Dualism." As is customary in these gatherings questions are requested, therefore it is hoped that the speaker may be furnished with an opportunity to explain any points upon which there is obscurity iu tliu mind of the student. The dictionary definition of "dualism" is "The doctrine of Two Gods, a good and an evil one." -This is not the definition that Budden gives tbe «'ord, but iu order to hear his inceri.reta- tlon suggest tlmt those wishing enlightenment on the subject should be in attendance at the Pellatt Avenue Hall at 8 o'clock, Sunday, Jan. 16th. To those individuals who are sincere opponents of the philosophy of Socialism a most cordial invitation is extended' when they will be afforded every courtesy to point out the fallacies (?) of the doctrines of 'Marx, Kngels, Dietzgen, et al. marks by aome -witty stories, and said SOCIALIST DANCE Dave Rees Gomes Back To the Editor, Distirct Ledger. Dear Sir,—In replying to my friend Bro. Loughran, who so ably espouses the system of elections in Great Britain, I am forced in t-lie first place ape -J-fhn in some respects. In spite of the fact that the st: ment I am about to make may considered good "after election do^e," nevertheless I must confess that .for the next few days; if not week* 1 cannot conscientiously give this bate the,attention it deserves. Tl lines I am writing ln the "wee hours," having had a busy day at' ing to the Interests of my fellow However, to quote John, "I will pense with preliminaries and get do Don't overlook that this dance will take place Saturday night at 8 o'clock, witb -Mr. Allen's Orchestra furnishing the music. Gents 50c; Ladies, single tickets, 2Sc, each, or 50c. for one month. DAVE LOGAN WITH PRINCESS PATS' The following letter, characteristic of Dave Logan, has been received by a well-known Fernie resident. The censor has deleted the name of town from where letter was sent "-British Expeditionary Jutce, , . "France, Dec. 24, 1914. "Dear George,—Just a note to say that we arrived here a day or__tgjQ. ago and am spending Christmas Eve o. ... In a barn listening to tbe -Germans !f..i,ef}e-- ^1.^3:1° Ule b°Bt &"lng a showe'r of Christmas presents by the air route, and by tbe sofind of Interes/ et ,cm concerned E. L, BrooUs^Javors reduction of ^teMsb*', ^ttu3^preseftt;rate ton* high; said ir elected would give municipality benefit of bis knowledge of •building construction1, and likewise serve tbem in other ways to tbe best or bis ability. » William Jackson, in offering himself for' re-election, stated that he bad worked faithfully in the Interests of the ratepayers, paying particular attention mn member of the -Fire, Water and Light -Committee to tbo dottles of his Office. In bla opinion thought that the -water rate could be lowered by an allowance of 15 to 20 per cent With respect to the band question be was opposed to any contribution being made from the City treasury to either of the two applicants. Asserted that he was responsible for the cut* ting off of tho water for sprinkling purposes during the summer at 8 o'clock as it was necessary to conserve the water supply In order to be prepared tor an outbreak of fire. Bd. iMarsbam stated that this was the flrat timo he bad ever -been a can* didate hut would do hia boat, if. Corllle called attention to tho possibility of accidents arising from a passing train at the new subway. Spoke eulogistlcally of the City Engineer and City Electrician; thought a reduction could be effected In tho rates for light and wstsr. Win. Roblchaud waa most vociferously received upon stepping forward, ut the major portion of his speech as inaudlblo because of the hubbub. One sentence heard brought down the bouse, when he said "I don't promise yonn —of a lot!" Aubrey Snow was exceeding caustic In hia observations regarding tbo conduct of some of the aldermen, both for the sins of commission and omission. Robert Walton was tbs last candidate to speak, promising to look after tbe Inlereata of the ratepayers. W. h Phillips having obtained permission of the chair spoke on the importance of every Worker using his best Judgment In selecting tbe Individual to represent tbe municipality in Uie waiting term, Candldatei) Mcllean snd Graham. ,., ?,»« '.U m.ti'.*.t9%*tr. . j*** ***** *** <**< mt re-eteouon, were ttt* ' ftt*ror*tl teHnrllmi ht Uir- ' i-lf-tirlc I'Mv.^aii-iw ly liti-k nlmnnm. liybl chattel. With reference to the thluju getting .-bags .ftilll&^tfaferJ.. X expect"we'Will" get a'closer acqftint- ance with them In a few daya. Well, I am tbe only one of the B. C. contingent that has got this far, tbe rest of thorn, are still crushing mud on Salisbury. Give my Christmas compliments to Mrs. Jennings and Leslie, and all tbe boys, and on the night of Jan. 15tb at 10 p.m., hoist a big one and send me the bill. Well, when Jou hear of the P. P.'s being in action you can say that tbe Germ-buns got a run for their money; because they are the toughest bunch tbat ever donned uniform. Tell .Mac to give my regards to liis missis and tell MacR— he is a "big stiff," as lie never sent me.a line. I only got as far as London.for a few days. Some burgh, all narrow streets and blind alleys. I bad a letter from Wardner aud It said times were ve^y bad. Weil, so-long, George, till you bear rrom me again, With'best regards and all the compliments of tbe season, I remain, Your Old Pal, DAVE. ed to let tbe readers-judge as to the merits or demerits of the respective systems o-f elections, particulars of which may be gathered from my first letter aud John's reply. Still, there are, a few matters mentioned in my friend's last letter which I wish to briefly comment upon. First, he stat e's, "Xo trade union official in Great Britain, or any other country that I know of, is elected for life." Then in the next few lines we read, "In fact there is no limit to his term of office, This statement appears a little ambiguous, and John has discovered a distinction without a difference. We all know that a man could not expect to retain office if. he constantly neglected his duty to those who engage htm. Nevertheless, I Imagine that a system such as ours, or periodical elections is better for the reason that, simple though my friend makes lt appear to recall an officer in the old country, Englishmen inform me that in their experience they have found it as hard to remove -an official as it is to impeach and recall a judge in the United States whete they are el- the Distriot last time, and also bearing in mind the geographical area our District covers, if only the candidates for -President and Secretary were allowed said privilege the cost would be such that our membership would be tem-pted, l fear, to accept the "elected for life" system. . We should remember that the glib- tong-u-c-d orator is not always the best oliicer, and if the "stump the Local" system was adopted all you would have then would be a political candidate's promises. Hence, I do not know that we would be much farther ahead. True, our election system'in District 18 may be far from perfect, and ri&ht hero let me state that this dis- .CiiesJon could not take place at a more uqejtime, inasmuch as if somg i or persons can suggest a better $Jan-, -notwithstanding the. fact that TOM UPHILL MA YOR to business." ,-j bis'.resolution may not .be in one Personally I am more oAess satisfy jngRth .prior to the Convention, if a Moses can be found that can write us ■bjjjtter commandments let him introduce a special resolution to that effect in the forthcoming District Convention. Brother-John states that during the year the officials have had occasion to "visit all IMPORTANT Locals." K he means by "important Locals" large Locals, then I wish to add they have also visited many unimportant locals, and I feel the membership would not have it otherwise. In fact the cry is for more frequent visits. Then Bro. John very truly states he takes a "squint" at a few of the methods adopted previous to election day. Had my friend opened both eyes and not "squinted" at the matter he would have noticed that this system was. In vogue when ex-President J. E. Smith was in office, and even before. Further, whilst the writer has no desire to shield himself behind others, it may be stated with all truthfulness that the parties conducting our paper have repeatedly inquired as to the officers' movements. It might be sain by, narrow-minded persons that ibey did-so-toj-etaia-theiHobrof-sometblng- bu wi John next states: '.'IfwIH agree the system he refers to makes it easy, to recall a man .... yet said system gives greater security to,the man who Js .jiotjirally adopted toiM-he position • '*-. ' "A To my mind the man who is "naturally adapted" has no occasion to alarm himself 'when election day comes around, for as I stated in my Inst letter, even tlie Western Canad Ian roughnecks bave sufficient Intelligence to return to office those who do their duty fairly well. Even Oro. Loughran has been more than a week lu office, and tbere are several men In tbe District who have been re-elected to tbelr respective offices many times. Tben my friend states "... all of* fleers, except District President and District Secretary are elected or reelected annually," That may be so In some organisations, but I am positive it was not the system with the South Wales miners a few years ago, and I "hae ma doota" as to whether even the British -Miners' Federation have elections for their respective agents annually even now. Our friend then cites tbe .point that If certain offices become vacant and a candidate gets sufficient nominations he,may stump the Looals at the expense of ibe organisation. 1 feel euro practically all our members will agree with me when I stato tbat sucb method will not be adopted for many years to come, tf ever, In this District. Having in mind that wc had The familiar strains of "•It's a Long Way to Tipperary" breaking upon our our ears, we made a rush outside to ascertain the cause, and upon reach- Victoria Avenue discovered a lar^e crowd of citizens surrounding th.> Coal Creek Hand outside the Miners' Hall. When tlie music ceased the newly elected Mayor stepped to ihe center making a very neat, brief speech, thanking tho citizens for the honor they hud bestowed upon him, and re- itrriitiug the statements made at the public meeting; that his every effort would be to put Into practice the promises given. '"You have reposed confidence in mc and I say to you, with all sincerity, that it shall not be misplaced, I may make mistakes, because yon know to err is human, and ;i!l (liar 1 ask is tint you'll not judge me harshly if I do uot come up to your expectations; one thing I shall endeavor to do my duty and treat every one fairly, showing favors to none but justice to all." At. the conclusion the Band once imiiii! hogan to play, this time "Auld Lang Sync," many of the bystanders adding their voices io swell the strain. Workers of America. "Tommy" has been a resident of the town for some years and has earned the respect and esteem not ouly of his own class, which is evidenced by his repeated election to the position of secretary, but that of the bulk of the business men In the City of Fernie. Wc wish him every success in the responsible office he has secured. ■We append! the figures of the respective candidates, making no com ment t'-.trcca, but allowing thc figures in speak for themselves. for mayor i;piii-ll. t 233 Morrison, W. .1. ,1 172 Majority for Uphill 61 £OR ALDERMEN JAiTK-SON. Wm 228 IJARXliS, 11. K 225 M-AltaH-AM. L'I) 224 (IILVHAM. S 204 SttYHOlUlM), Wm 171* IWOOKS. Kd Kl Above were elected Mi-I-Umu 1(511 Mini HO Carllie 127 Walton 127 K::ow 115 Thos. i'phill, who has topped tho poll for aldermauic honors for two years in succession, and now secured the position of Chief .Magistrate of the City of Kernie, is secretary of Gladstone Local, No. 2314, United Aline T. FRANCE CONVALESCENT Information Is received from the hospital that Thomas France, who was injured by the recent explosion at Coal Creek, is making rapid progress toward recovery, and it ls expected that he will be able to return home in a shoit time. We all hope so. Tommy, old boy, and that in the very near future you'll be as firm on your "pins" as a trivet. A unique drawing Is to take place at the Waldorf on Saturday night next at 9 "p.m., when a real live Toddy bear will be the prise. Some prise sure. | a contest for every salaried position In of the kind, however, I am convinced that the broad-minded individual will bo satisfied with sjich an "election! dodge," because I don't bbink y-ou can Jtnow too much., of. yoatr;Offlcera^.;do* ings. The membership should..even further concern themselves as to what the officers are doing when thoir movements do not appear in tbe Ledger. Tben John says "tbey bow and make their exit." Let me remind everyone that the present Is a time when all ahould look for entrance doors. We have a task beforo us which your officers are not unmindful of, and let me assure you they are not looking for exits, hut solidify our ranks that we shall at rather attempting at this time to so least appreciate the position we are I sincerely. trust our brother will not misconstrue tho appearance of tbe photographs or the successful officers In last week's Ledger as part of tbe "bowing and exit," as thia has been customary since the paper waa started, and by way or explanation may atate tbat It Is not don« to advertise the beauty of our physiognomies, but rather that the membership at large may more readily recognize an officer when meeting him in the various camps. As a means of detecting their movementa it should be Invaluable. Our friend tries to make a dual point-—I, e„ that of bringing forth after mountains of labor an unemployed scheme, and money wasted and energy spent la stumping Locals, (CesllsMeS ea Pec* femti Inquest on Mine ■ • ■ * ■* Mspectifr Evans Call for the Twelfth Annual Convention of District 18, U. M. W. of A. water rate, he thought that a discount siiowsnee for prompt payment wns ad- vinabte. , rwt-., tr •»-«-"( r.ry; 1,1 «:-,;,**, toey ho did Mt approve the Issuance of any debentures nt this time, hot considered that economy coupled with efflcteaer ebooM be the order of the day. Voles from tho gallery: mow shoot the band?" * . ' - T» this nuestltm the speaker retflM tb*t as be retarded tbe money centri battd waa tohe btld by tbe council at a tnsst, and that la his opinion tho tstertttr of tbe people would ho loot •nbssrvsi by ea equal division beta* made. Another question was asked reganttnr tbt etdtwsflr contract by ooe who hod placed In a Wd tmt failed to secure the work. After spaeWng In CAf g WALDORF MAKIS ITS SAW If at any time you are both hmiw »****. »*m«t*, ***** «•->*> tMU IMttt MMI'-ll* tions ean be readily attended to by a call at the ndw cafe In tbe Waldorf Hotel. Qnlck service, food the best, and tnetcen-fd cooking It tho motto of this new gastronomic Institution. If wo sre from Missouri one mil w'»f prove the truth of the shove statement The monnK*m*nt bar*- nine fit- ranged it portion of the dining room eo thit parties eau have alt the prtv- eey they desire, end two roomy, private akovts have been erected in -one corner ef tie dining nom. The -cafe shonM appeet te these who tmlr* n late aopper after theatres or eater- tnfnment* snd wltl undoubtedly be ap- preeieted ty aM»y. To the Offioen and Members of Dirtrict 18, ■■ % Oratittf: Ton are hereby notified that the Twelfth Annual Convention of Diitrict 18 will be hold in the LABOR TEMPLE, LETHBRIDOB, MONDAY, FEBRUARY 10th, 1915, commencing at 10 o'clock in tite forenoon. Utmt ddtogg-t* nr delate* nre jMirtlrtflariy rrgiiwU'd, ii'Lt* WwJ»i«i Ji*il»*> TutJuii, to pur- chase § Single Tlckot tnd Mk the Agent to furnish a Standard Certificate This is most essential at arrangement for reduced return faros eannot be made unless a infficient number of Standard 7-£»*U£aU* U tti^Miau. We would mjwctfully refer yon to Proviiioni embodied in the International Constitution, alio Art. 7, Sectioni 1, % 3 and 4 of District Constitution which fully explaini matters pertaining to the Convention. Enclosed yoa will find Credential Foriu* and you are requested to forward the original to Diitrict St-erttary-Trearattr not later than February 10,1015. any ot tbe party being by Mr. Caufield, wbo gained a point approximately 285 feet frqm tbe mine mouth, McFegan at that time being 25 to 30 feet behind, tben Adamson, wbo wss about tbe Hatne distance behind -MoKegan. Mr. ftvans brought up the rear, 30 feet or more separating bim from Adamson, It was at tbls time that Mr. Kvans, who was tlio only member of tbe party equipped with the type of apparatus known as the "helmet-typo" (tbls style permitting vocal communication! while the other members were all equipped with the mouth-breathing type, commenced tu Usuo warning to the advanced members of the party In view of their being so widely separated. After those bad been repeated two or three times by deceased, Adamson, who was nearest to him is alleged to have taken bis own mouth plt'ic from his mouth, thereby dlssHtroiiKly nf feet ing tho efficiency of tho apparatus, to ascertain definitely what K vn tis wns trying to communicate. Adamson was immediately thereafter overcome by the gaa. Rvana than l««ued tin- alarm to the remaining membt-rs, who hurriedly return ml, .tin! -a mil- tliu utret) mere laboring with Adamson trying to remove bim from t!;r death !..-!rii .tiluoupber-u, butii I'lvnn* iiiid Caufield collapsed, aod M« - FVgan, fitllns tho effects of over-eser- tion, lufi fgr tlii; out»id«*» where be ar rived in a semi-conscious condition, fcc was promptly revived by the puhnotor find told of thc others coming to gri-ef, A rescue parly w»* illspatirhed at once, tlif firm member ot which, on finding tin- *trl€-4»'!i Jiu-a uimt»rV"il bath Kvaii*- and .VlrntKWi promlna p-Hlfui!}, hii being tinablf lo remove either of tbem !ilf>n«\ ri-tiiritoo.il. ft nil ouvm m.*-i'tt»jt '»- "That the deceased, Evan Evans, died on -Saturday, the 2nd Januftry, 1915, trom asphyxiation caused hy the Inhalation of noxious gases, the result of an explosion in B North Mino at Coal Creek, H.C., white on an exploring party after said explosion. "This Jury, however, are of the opinion that had the Instructions contained in the British Columbia Aline Ites- oue Course been strictly adbered to, thore -might not bave been any mortality. "This Jury would particularly emphasise the necessity of a reserve rescue crew at work at the pit mouth, properly equipped in all csmon ot rescue or exploration work, and also tbe necessity of all members of rescue or exploration parties travelling in a body and keeping within touching distances of one another. "From the evidence adduced tbls Jury doos not find any party or parties can bo held responsible for tho death of the deceased. (Signed) "B. K. STKWAitT, Foreman "fl. GRAHAM, "N, B. 8UODAOY, ",r. p. MAfinnvAi.r>. "H. H. BARNB8, "J. TUDHOPH. The foregoing verdict was brought In shortly after five o'clock ou Monday afternoon after the Jury had heard evidence in two sessions which required almost a day and a half- Their deliberations consumed ait hour's time At tho preliminary «om1wi of tin' in <|iit«*t hold on Jan. iird, as previounly reported, five witnesses wer* call-ml nnd this cvliJcncu imidt-d to alio*- tlmt In tbe opinion of somo tlie »'K|ilariii« ofib*inlaoMiMNinarieritM>ekplo*ioii|,n^.Amln|| |mrH. oM(,|„w, „ „,„„, ,m waa aomewhat premature. At it..- - .„ , >JiMkr d(|i, r„lulMwi CmU„M final session H Cmifieid. coiiu-ry ? a,„ ,,,,„ tHm, tmmi , m tm B#NMW manager. In defence of this* brongbf _ ,„ ,u„ 1||ilw ,„„„-„,„, ,,„ ,,,irlftr hwr) forth a very icii>i>iable -.wgumi.-ut Unit (he evjiloiMtlmi wiih iie«i'»H.irj In vU*x ot Ihe fart that ih« assumption oi a .... «. «..i, ,..„ ... .1,, it...* i Ai.t.i'.itl **i;u> '• ■• • ■ iM v ,;..', .*; ,v-.-....■ ,., Fraternally yonn, W. L. PHILLIPS, Pntddent. A. J, OARTKB, See-Trees. nw-rlooked on tl**- fir«i trip Ventlelrt *.»» fior|h*,th ifinwK-1 by tbe r»wu«» ♦ I***,-*'*- -,*'!*-■',•* ♦!,). ■*,»**. '*.,.,. *- ,*,*.'- *> iV. He»lc«'thl efiuli-m*'"* -uph ttvttiWd' • ontiimeil on lo AolamKMi and K-rsn« mine wax waled m*. .U Ih tM'J»<<. J, for „ wt,0B<l „„„, m „rMm Mii If no fire did *«».» It would be fw>H.h'll|W, Kmi„ hmi ,r4wa monition, at* to adopt measures nnwasarr to estin-' MO„duj( ll(,. h„,m(,, ^placed, tie*. fulfill same, beeanso it wonM be lie ' kt>ih ilMl^4 „w„ >m>( -.„,„ ,„,„ , • "'• *■•- wV -1' •*■«••*•« ""*-! and turned on more ovyjt-en. ||<< u*.t. for a period of one month at le«»', „,„,.„, ,h„ ,.ar„ ,.>1M„f M Mltm when by the very simple means of a' mn*# fwf<, „„,, mMll lltt „,„ ^^ party equipping Itself -with •••«•««»• | lie was then ohllncd to wlern ortaMe. talned breathing apparal»m and a ■ wJlt>„ VBry ^m^ af!t,r trw ttTHi. n short Journey underground would; m(,S( Adamson anil Kvans were roam- prove ihe enact eondftlon In thl* r* ' , ,.„ ,.,,,,„ *lmt- The deceased, in -rommen with tb** Till- t*niir«>< n i-i i-lrtp-v-f. .'I-! '!i . ...u..-.., „, u,,. *-t, urm-'in mbltb pr.- j pany coimiailng ut W, McFe«an, ovi-r-« vailed when Adamson wocamb****). jm« of II. Xorth Mine; H Caafield. It., Aver' tf rf*d ih*ni-)»u***, wbkb if *-ph* j Adamaon and K, Kvant ldeeeased>,en-|ftTiiieir for » iuffuieut H*i»*th ol Urn*- tured tbft ailae. Tbe flrat stop wasjwmild tnditr*- unconsciousness. Wbe» (mide at tb* first 4>f<t*#-<«t, a tlntntif ^Unim tell bis brtrntt became dttptae- tot IM t**t from lb* *etrr. nerl -in tr, ul. f*>.uWkU^.* iW nm u* enter nm jspection made. McFegan and Can- j lungs, f field, after tho party had had a short Over-exertion applies at welt to rest at this point, then went tn ad > (Wield who. I» itinnn fv* 4o«*- vance, the farther dfatance made hy I ttmmm§ fnm w> M :?.?,, T-*. , *y(i- /-■.«\ ••--- '■■i\ PAGE TWO THE DISTRICT LEDGER, PERNIO B. C, JANUARY 16, 1915. Analysis oj A Pro's History From Standpoint ,./. The prevailing question driver, to the fnre bv the European Araeg? i-lon is the iiuestlon of the Economic Interpretation of History. The perverted public press and other nuxilaries hove presented to the people a well defined statement of the cause of lhe present war from the bourgeois viewpoint An ideal, not an economic t.-use, we are informed by those stung by tlie economic interprttation, was ihe coirpelling force beb'ud poor little 'Jelg-ium ami decadent Austria, not for- gouin? England, with all br-r ,ove for poor, suffering humanity engaged in fi:-. : orrible h.unan butchery I'liilerlying il.e surface o:' ihe trou bled, waters is a hidden treasure that nny \i* the hear future bubble to tho top, .-larify an! corrobiiatii'-^ the hi-i- tovi":>i works of the Marva and Kngels. .Tiie inmates of the industrial kennel have been in late years howling for work and food, but thev international dog <Oa,pital) pronouncing unathema- tlc-illy that if >ou pups don't keep quiet und stay in the quarters I have prepared -for you "I'll kill you!" History repeats itself again and again. The laws that governed the moving force in every historical epoch have been purely and simply economic. -Tho startling news of a German attack on the east coast of England has come before our notice and that hundreds have been killed and wounded. Underneath this announcement is the remarkable statement that since tliis attack many recruits have joined the ranks. I recently read an account in one of our patriotic farm journals orthe superior deluding powers of the British Admiral (Jelllcoe), how he disguised his war ship during war manoeuvers and sailed amidst the opposing fleet unobserved. I do not mean to say that this applies to the force that stimulated recruiting. We can never tell. Of course the best laid schemes ot mice and men gang aft agley." I uiul'-stood the <*.■.•: mtn fleet was bottle-.; i.u In the North Sea. Pe.-ha^a Mie Idt-al created the economic in tiii.-s case. Xo well informed Socialist can ascribe every thought,.action and ideal lo the cconomi" impulse, but this Aon, not alter the fact that mass action has for its base the economic force. Science has laid bare the fact that —Bia^lrtdTiorurawsta^tia^^irrrTff'ine prehistoric uge. lie had no Idea of good or bad*, Cod and the Devil, -ideas have grown witb man just like his limb?. They have from time'to time changed with new discoveries und In- M'it'oi,>.. Dwelling upou "trees was Ute result of an Impulse to avert tlie e.uiger of attack from wild and carnivorous aulinalB. The power of mutual aid and the ukc of the club swept prehistoric innn's surroundings of the imlw'il'-i that threatened his life. The I'llscnvery of fire added greatly to liis ■>-c nis of subsistence, which naturally developed that Infinitesimal portion cf grey matter. Henceforth -he discarded tree dwellings and lived on tlie land near rivers or along the sea coast. Ideals, moralH, actions, forms of the I'linilly, urt. Institutions and religion all ci- mired sti-p by rtep from the inan- tier In which mail got his living and a better conception of the forces of nature. SelMiiiMi.-itio'i ul trilled, dlvisln'! nt territory, drove num to tliat horrible ti'lbiil bunting grounds, scarcity of uaiiie, iniruachiuent on each other's winie of kill! kin: kin: Wurs fought' after the Inception of s'.uwry were fnr tlie sole purpose of aocurliiit i-apllvtw to be used as slaves lo i;»kuiiC(i the put-MiiH of the *l*atrletun household. Tlie Impulse that moved the slaves in revolt against the Itomali Kmplre under I'nlus, Bpartacus and Dramaklus wns tbe outcome of oppression and a 1'eo.lri- for lllierty and freedom, but as iti*- ---•onoinic |»ower of tbe Korann »(.(((• was superior the slaves were sup- itodcfil and thousanda met nn untimely death. The undent llrftons formed tbem- m-Ivcs into little village communities mid -for je«r« practiced their rommun* Utle t'.rttie*. Tliey had their wheelwright*, tifortumltbx and carpenters inrvisitf the tools i« lie used upon tbe tiiwth.innl lands, In exchange for •ii«h too!* the handicraftsmen were i-iij,i,i(.«<s *k itis fooii clothing, ebelter fctMi raw ;■»;.* 'it, -j^rtually and wai under tke ■tH>'isttifr<hlp of the village wnnell of ''ww The -commoners built a cue- •'■>■-. r'T?!**'<-.| if and pl«*'i»d the chief s •-! hu family t<» he on ibe watch for ■i;\»''**r* xmt wim Ibe people of an Itt- \i M ii (*' V •-ir-t-rrcrn •'-.*-. .'.iji'i! 'ip-i'i the sape-rs-tltlon and •:i*rir:itiif at tbt* ■rtmmiinttrn. making bl* position permanent, then heradl- i*« v. nnd ultimately aeeured full rtfthtd powerful influence of the guilds on the Feudal authority mustered for the merchants a free hand that proved a pow. erful fetter to the future social element maturing in the womb of the old order. The handicraftman (the <Capi- talist in embryo) now organized into guilds, ushering in the economic struggle between the two guilds and the land lords, ending in the wholesale butchering of hundreds of thousands of the innocent and ignorant. The hand tools thrust into the army of a gigantic machine producing commodities in place of goods, rent the bonds of Feudalism and by chloroforming the workers with the idea of liberty and freedom, the overthrow of the Feudal system was complete. The Capitalists having overthrown the poiver of the Feudal aristocracy, are now in possession of the State. Free to expand, free to eliminate every obstacle, the discovery of the route to the Orient, the invention of the steam engine, brought a reign of prosperity. But. alas! in order to exist Capitalism must find new fields, and as this worjd is limited the end of the profit system is a foregone conclusion. Kfforts have been made to reacli .Mars and Jupiter, bnt both are yet unassailable. The moon is covered with craters and deep chasms, and nothing can be found at the Xorth and South Voles, consequently the death of Capitalism is inevitable! In by-gone days when a crisis appeared from a glut in the market of surplus lonimoil.'tics a great ca;l for missionaries were niirin to explore new lauds and if possible civilize its hermit peoples and educate them to the use of .European customs. If '.he Bible and the missionary failed to accomplish the desired task then fifteen inches of steel was pushed down into tlie gizzard of the heathen civilized him at the same time opening up a new market for the steady flow of tin soldiers, rum, snuff and other wares. Walter Alberta Samuel -Hewlns, M.A., secretary of Tariff"iComn»ission and teacher of modern economic history^ London University, 1902-1903, makes «the following Statement in the Encyclopaedia Britannica: "In modern times the conditions which have made economic science -possible have also made it necessary. Economic Interests so govern .the life and determine the policy of modern states, the other forces like those of religion and politics seem to play only a subsidiary part, mortifying here and tl'cre the view which is taken of particular (luestions but not changing ln any important degree the general course of their development." Our modern economists are corroborating the works of Marx and Engels and fully endorsing historical materialism. , ■The short outline of history 1 have given here is merely for the purpose of conveying to the mind of those iii- j toxicuted with Capitalistic teaching | that Socialism explains history from a working man's point of view. The present war is nothlug but a concoction of the powers to murder the workers. Mass movements of Germans proves this. Market is another consideration and profit the necessary out come.—GEO. PATON. . _ n— memory and sleep are seriously disturbed, and there may be torper, low will power, and. even characteristic psychoses. Other troubles are listed •by the author of the article as follows:, "As concerns the circulutive system we note palpitations, syncopes, toxic angia pectoris (False angina pectoris), and a very characteristic an-emla (which often attacks cooks in this form). The digestive apparatus does not escape;-dyspepsia ie present. . . . Somo authors have admitted- that chronic oxycarbonism may be the origin of pulmonary tuberculosis. (Besm- ler.) . "Tbe danger of such cases of poison-, ing. is doubled -by the fact that they are often misdiagnosed, -the symptoms being infinitely variable and diverse, and the' attention being rarely enough attracted to a cause of peril which acts in. most cases only with extreme slowness. The treatment should be symptomatic above all, and its most important feature consists tin removing the subject from the action of,the poison." Jt may be remarked that the "coal gas" which often escapes from furnaces, etc., when the combustion is Imperfect, is practically tbe aame ub Illuminating gas, but may contain an even higher percentage of the deadly carbon monoxide. Charcoal burners also give off considerable quantities of this gas.—Literary Digest. NIGHT SCHOOLS IN ALBERTA Marked , Progress Made—Conditions Retard Development in Citi . Special Progress in Mining , -■ Centres' Local Union Directory, Dist. f8,U.M.W.A IGNORANCE OF "UPPER CLASSES" By George D. Herron Gas-Poisoning - A Cold Weather Peril The fatal effects of carbon monoxide, which rapidly caused death whtn breathed even in minute quantities, bave long beeii known, but it is non being found out tliat besides MK-h cases of acute poisoning this gus te being found out that besides ■*?ucir<ases^f^"cute^MBOuins"tmTT*rTC is capable of producing very serious am! baffling cases of chronic po'.son- ing when air only slightly tainted with tt is breathed for periods of we?ks or months. .ThlB knowledge is of the Kraveut importance to the general p-ib- i'c tince this gas is found in iiht- tii-r.aimg gus and heating gas, -?sp-.>ci- illy when theae aro partly compos3-1 -if water gas. Thus a very tiny leak of a gns pipe might auffU-b to liberate enough carbon monoxide in tbe cones.11'ti cases of asphyxiation." of months to affect disastrously the) As ti means of detection when the .ii-ulih of every member of a fn mily. j pit sence of this gas ls feared it is from physical and intellectual torpor, said that they suffer for many weeks and at times also from mental troubles, paralysis, -trembling, and pains In the head. Different people differ greatly in the power of resistance to this poison, so thut a number of per- ■BonsTixpwsed-Ht~tbe- same-time -may vary greatly in the length of survival cr possibility of restoration. "The treatment consists in the use of oxygen as abundantly aB possible It should be used.In inhalations and also iu subcutaneous Injections,'which are both more efficacious and easier to administer. The transfusion of blood is a logical procedure In sucb cases, and use should be made like- wine of the ordinary manipulations Tm- mix Is formed also In bcovch uiul furnaces when close burning takes I'ncp. ' .Moreover, It is wild io be callable of passing through tho pores of ad-hot iron. Hence It in Wit reudi- I; pass Into the atmosphere of aiove- limited schoolrooms in sufficieir. tiunu- tii\ to cause '-'.-.--Uudo nu headache, or eveu marc serious affections, among the pupllK. A case waa recently reported also, of fatal poisoning ot two men in Bridgeport, Conn,, by car- bnn monoxide coming from the ea- haws! pipe of n gasoline engine operating in a pit. In a lato number of "Lurousse Men- suello" d'arlm Ur. Henri Bouquet treats the subject at length, and his wnrntngs should be widely disseminated. We read: "Carbon monoxide Im the more dangerous since It can nol be detected by taste or odor, lt ts dangerous even when the atmosphere contains an extremely nm:«ll proimrtlou of Jt, recommended to keep a bird, or Konie other small animal, In a cage, since these are peculiarly susceptible to this poison, nnd soon revive. Certain chemical methods ot detection are also used, the most practical being the re-i diictloii of ammoiilacal silver nitrate, | which turiia brown under the influence I of this gas. ] Chronic cases of nils poison arej doubtless far moro common than has; hitherto been suspected, since the ef- fiefs nre -slow and subtle, nnd the symptoms arc such as may bc present In various diseases. It is not Improbable, Indeed, that many esses ot Illness really due to this have been wrongly diagnosed, and consequently Ineffectually treated. "The most frequent cause of chronts cases Is the use ot defective heating apparatus which allow email qusntl- The Ignorance of the working class and the superior intelligence of tbe j privileged are superstitions—are superstitions fostered, by intellectual mercenaries, by universities and churches, and by all tbe centers ot privilege. And the assumption ot superior intelligence on tho part of the privileged is not warranated by a single historical not warranted by a single historical The derangements and miseries of mankind are precisely due to the ignorance and arrogant rule of "superior" classes and persons. The mental and spiritual capacity of these classes Is a myth; their so-called culture but thinly veneers their essential -savagery, their social rapacity and impudence. The system that divides society into classes can bring forth no true knowledge, no living truth, no Industrial competence, no fundamental social decency, it can-only continue tbe desolation of labor and increase the blindness and depravity of the privileged. So long as some people own tbe tools ii-pon which others depend for bread, so long as ihe few possess theiiisolv^s orTlreTTruiis^rffiolaTOr^fHw'man^ so long as the afts and the institutions and the sciences are built dpon exploited workers.. Just so long will our so-called progress be through the perennial exhaustion •<£ generations and nee*; just so long will civilisations lie but voracious parasites upon the spirit and body of mankind. And it Is to destroy the dominance of the privileged class, to eliminate chases from society, that tbe Socialist movement comes; and if it be true lo Itself It will make no compromise with the superstitions and Institutions of privilege, lt will afftlrm an effectual-faith in tbe self-governing capacity of the workers—In tbe wisdom hid In the heart of tho co-operative,—Metropolitan Magaalne. The policy of developing a system of ttfght class instruction throughout the province for those engaged in the industries and trades and those who are unable to take advantage of such instruction as is provided' in the day time is already showing notable results and fully justifying itself. Last year such instruction was conf-ined to the cities, Calgary leading with a splendid enrolment of 1,600, -Lethbridge and Medicine Hat had also made distinct progress, and Edmonton a good -beginning in offering night class instruction at the Technical School. in the autumn the -Provincial policy tor the development of special and technical instruction was announced. It provided financial aid to help the local communities in developing tbe work and included within its scope the night schools. The results so far attained are on the whole very gratify ing, especially under the conditions now existing. 'While tbe enrolment will no doubt Increase with' tbe opening of classes after tho Cbrlat- mas vacation, Uie following statement shows how lt stood in December: Bdmonton 1200 Calgary 058 Coleman 100 Taber TU Bellevue TO Hlllcrest 00 Medicine.Hat 52 Bankhead - 42 Frank 40 Coalhurst 37 Canmore 32 Drumheller 25 Pooa-hontas 25 Sloan 21 Passburg .'. .- 20 Clover Hill... 16 Lethbridge (Hardlevllle) .... 14 Lovett 12 It is expected that witb the beginning of,the New Year classes will be organized hi Ncrdegg, -Mountain Park, Yellow Head, Evansburg, Cardiff and possibly Blairmore' and Lethbridge. If this expectation ls realized it is probable that the enrolment in4 the night schools of Alberta this winter will reach a tqtal of 3,000. When it is known tbat in 11)12-13 the enrolment in such classes was 3103 In , Nova Scotia and 4773 in Ontario (including the City of Toronto)—-provinces |n which the work haa been developing -for—some—yearSi—tho—«Sgniflc&n-ee-ja! . GLADSTONE LOCAL . No, 2314 Meet first and third Prldaja, Min-acs' Hall, Fernie; seconrt and foi;rth Fridays, Club Hall. Coal Cjeek. Sick Benefit attached.—T. Uphill,.Sec. Fernie. B. C. MICHEL LOCAL No. 2334 Meet every Sunday afternoon at- 2 o'clock in Crahan's JBall. Sick Benefit Society attached.—- R. Beard, secretary..' PARK LOCAL No. 1J87 Meet every Sunday. Sick ahd Accident Benefit Society attached.—Michael Warren. See., Can- nore. AHa. HILLCREST LOCAL No. 10S8 Meet svooiid and fourth Sunday in month. Sick and Benefit Society attached.—Thos Thompson. CARBONDALE LOCAL No. 2227 Meet every alternate Sunday at 2.30 p.m. In the Opera House, Coleman.—,1. Mitchell, Kec„ Box 105, Coleman, COLEMAN LOCAL No. 2633 Meet every alternate Sunday at 2.30 p,m. tn the Opera House, Coleman,'-—*J. Johnstone, Sec. PASSBURG LOCAL , -No. 2352 Meet every second and fourth Sunday of each month at- 2 p.m. in Slovak HaU; Sick Benefit'Society attached.—Thos, O. Harries. Sec, Passburg, Altai - ' , BURMIS LOCAL No.. 9^,9 Meet every second and. fourth Sunday 'of each month at 10 a.tn, fii School House,, Burmis. No Sick Society.—Thos. G, Harriea. S-?c, Passburg, AHa., * MAPLE LEAF LOCAL • . No. 2829 Meet every first and third Sunday of eanli month at 10 ai.m. Jn Union HaU. Maple Leaf. Ko Sl-ak Society.—Thou. G. Harries. Sec. PasRhurg, Alta. _ BANKHEAD LOCAL No. 29 . Meet every Tuesday evening at 7 o'clock in the Bankhead Hall. Sick and .Accident Benefit Fund attached.—Frank Wheatley, Fin. ■Sec., Bankhead. Alta. COALrtURST LOCAL No. 1189 meet every Sunday In Miners' Hall, 3 p.m. No sick benefit. Secretary, P. Barrlngham; President, Duncan McNab, LETHBPIDOE COCAL, ., > No. '574 Meet every Wednesday evening at 7.30 in Miners' Hall, 12th Avenue North.—U Moore. Sec-Treas. BELLEVUE, LOCAL No, 431 Meet every Sunday at 2.SQ p.m. in the Socialist Hall. — Jam«B Burke. Sec, l?ox 16/ Bellevue, Alta. '' s BEAVER CREEK LOCAL No. 481 Meet every first and third Sunday at Lyric Hail, 3 p.m.—John Loughran, Sec wwg\w<wnwrorow CORBIN LOCAL No. 2877 , Meet every second Suhday at 2 o'clock In the Club Hall. - Slok Benefit Society attached.—R. Garbutt, sec, Corbin, B,<3. I GEORGETOWN LOCAL No. 3026 Meet every Sunday, afternoon, 2.30, at Boarding House.' Sick and Accident Fund. attached,— Max Hutter, Sec. - . FRANK LOCAL No, 1263 Meet Sundays, after eat* -pay day, at Miners Hall. Slok -and •Benefit Society *ttneM.—B Morgan, Secretary. .. what Ib being accomplished In Alberta can be realized more fully. While report* from other -provinces for the current winter are not available, it is more than probable tbat Alberta will take second place among the provinces of the Dominion in tbe development of tbe night school system. ^ _ "Xow," said the principal, to one of the pupils at the close of the lesson in ivhlch he had touched on the horrors of war. "do >»n object to war, my boy?" "Yes. sir, I do," was the tervent ana wet;. "Now. tell us why." "Because," said the youth, "wars make history, an' I hate history." #Hft'''(H»Wllfti SOCIALISM Socialism is a conscious endeavor to -tmUtltut*) organised co-operation for existence lu place of the present an- nrcblal competition ror existence or tbo system of social organisation cal- rulaUd to bring tbla about This definition, though It gives, perhaps, ade- <iuate expreiMiou to tha active and practical side of socialism, leave* out of account altogether Ita theoretical , basis, Prom this pdlnt of view So- lien ot the gas to escape during lonf l^ium Is an attempt to lar tba foun- p«r'.tKU. Badly nanatnd lioUtr fur- daUwi of * rotl w|«nc» of 8ocl«Ofir, , . _,,.,, , ""•*■ "nd "••«»■ »» th* Pl!»es «««! which shall enable mankind, by thot* bin li, order io be latal to men, dowjrt,,mMyg ma). eom ,n im nm0P,, UBdtriUnd„,g tbi|r pggt and or cats, It must be present in a mltil-, ,tli »„,» w »low combustion apparatua j ,irf-.;ti to eomprebwd, aad thus. iiiuiii nuantli) of >tt io I per tent, ftt fixes upon tbe hemoglobin of 'b* btood and forms with It a stab!-* combination, thus causing the hnmottlo- bin to 'ifcome Incapable of cimiiig tin* nsyaen iit-edod. It Is noil tirababla brwevrr. that tbe red corpasito Ja deatroyad. , . , The nerve-centraa re- in against this intoslcatian by lowering tli«» it utpvrtttitrc and diminish- i rmo- which remain ibe moat dangerous of all. lint tbls intoxication also often has a professional origin, and Is met with among cooks, chauffeurs and engine drlv-Hrs, minors, laundresses, employees of iss-works nnd laborers who commonly breathe air vitiated by tha leaking or the intenalve employment I of Illuminating aaa." "The symptoms of tweh chronic Ing thi- <»*feU-M«- Ihil, IWe -»^ittX)mrl,(Jlli,TO w Amtitonloi after alt0 rtr, n fntoUMble asntanatttn ei i* material Th* village chlafitton be-coai-M Insufficient If tite canae L.fcl,,M- *mnm**, „# ,i«- *hi-»t, •»*» i-1 Z. ^ i»wiiiw»jm««« *n ,»m„-,,9, ...«- •himh ««m {vartawe lengtn of time, wnicn may be it,* srowth of human -anetotv. -aai lo ,.V. 1,4 „. ,«*,* M4 m ^«^Tln" ta tm l,f0InB,*,! "Jm* mtm** *«* mny i* aw^b l^ A turlou. tat,* of tbla form ot b ■*»■■«•*•*» »* "**<* ***«*«U«r*» of determent tmm the fatl- poisoning ia tbst lia victims aland better ch»ncf« ol r*»*ov#r,v If th#y reosald extended nnd omtlonlets than If tbey sir* made to walk nr move about. 11*1, tin ir;l* ft .*«(*(»«,, Iwt, rftvtl-nr^llv !***■< ti-tr* tn -fWfl-niHl v»1<i*w»«. It -mi-metl-m-M I oeenr* In tbe otwm nlr, wben tbe -pr**, -. -.*-,_•-«,. i„ ..i,,,,,,^ ..,.„* t„ portion of tbe gaa Inhaled .la mri^ 27 »i^T tX*!,,w' **•"" * ,•ii, •«!•••■■*..» lira*, n* is ine netabborbooJ ot lar-: fc-rtl#w -i_.il.-. ta th.i rau»a h» «ti«,i*® me******, nthmtti, ttttteU-ttli-tftt Mr-m..ttin»MiM,'iM works, *tc. It!""! ,":"T\w,'"",™J", J; "'^Ipeopla. Inataad of twcowwlootlr nd u***ni»t***t,etmir*r*eioth*mmAh,AW i*t«onlu*. l«valyale (often at-, ||(-w|ii# t0mpMiumAtm hy ^^^ ot {majority of ca«es, to defects In besting• Jj^'u" W| Mab-1 mmrmm, especially «ho»* •%*** «•# | ^ mn,mn^ „,„„. „,rrwli ttm. y.burning I. slo*. It may alao be pro-f ^ nn ,„ ^ ^ ,, ,. { 'tin-d at a dixtaitiw bv defects in beal- r. II mar also b*\ „# " .' "T-i-i aMM. M ,t>* n«, I •tmituo tbe tenancy of Ibi Mwe. t,i«tr*lion> in iwrprtaltr*, Thi Vt*n4.tl trttnl no* tally 1Mi«ft, *t**t*ut*i wim to add territory •« v.*'.r »ire*4y #«}»tlna lame estates, j »-« -» * «.-«.«- «• «"-«- ... »™. |f h |hj, tnmM ^^ nmmim j li. H.* F.«id»t nn* tbf Itoman fr.tbo-M»« apparaw*, *ep**Mly tbt»e »lw*»|(-<.laU(,lr lo0ml ,«».,lbM|tl(t %*mmoUir ** ti.- r'v}r<'b mtiwt*t»d nine million pe^■i^be burning ts slow — - .«--• Im »,kJMr*I4 aad Jin-r*-s>. aad j prudui-i *t nt n di» in r,*,r »»,i. i.,,,. „f Mil*. c«»nn*«t»»d ib«.fl«'^«in« apjtaratn*. and In pipea rtfry- ■;'-'.t"-* ,it-i ,ht1> until tb* rbarr*',a« «ff *a;tikt* sm» a-aaea ni lomhim *■»» '.tx potm*Mttmi ot Mi#*ew«tb «f Itlon, The ttm s»»piom« are vtoksat lb*. u»ui i»«d ntm tttt ttmtnm*- brntimtbt*. vertlgft. eo-urtrktlon ** Tbr- n.<*r«-biat. gnftda w»w» at thlsNbe i»-mpl»«.r ringiaa of the eara. batia- pr*-*** A-tnt-iffd 1m tOepttrw** et i»U-»i»»tN»n». ablvcrlnga and an Irrcslstl aal^tfa* e**mtmtr*. the law of buying M* A**lr* t» aieotn. K*en when tho »rd»eMln« an<? vxrhantfnxfoodf Tbe rtetxtm ttt ntm* ****** w»i« it t* tltude which the dominant class miv adopt,In relation to tli* demands wulcb the economic situation* impels tho producing class to make. With tbe establishment of natlonnl and eventually International Socialism, mankind resumes the definite control over the means and Instruments of production, ana masters tbem hence- forward for all tints Instead of being mastered by them. By such co-operative Industry, whose power over ly-Vtwe t» Increased by each fresh In venllon and dlacovery. a cbra-pace of repreaalon la lifted rrom Ihe faculties of eaeb Individual, and wealth being made aa plentiful aa water by light, wholesome labor, all freely contribute to increase their own hspplneas as well as thai of their fellows. Human nature sesames a new and higher char* acter In a society In which tbo sur- rounding* are such tbat life ts not aa today, a constant atraggle against tbo presMire of want and tbe temptations of misery. Jiatoad of personal, limited, Introspective, Individual ethic Is tbe nodal altruistic brand ethic la whlrh tbe duty toward society necea* •artly involve* tbe highest doty toward it man's self. Woman relieved of economic and social aabjagation, will aiHMii-me li#r i<Ihi?i» n« tin* nodal equal of man. - Th» object whleb floetallsts have i*( Mo tar. tmrntote. trim iMOtviOwsi vlow is thai Una, tito llaai uaaelofuw- - i>a*>ua(««a txmi ymsmiMi i******i**iM ,** ii** highest eeaee being limited and atuat- *fi, Hmsan-iiidi Unburn* nrtft butt* Ibe moo** tnnlty for attaining io'b level of pbysl- i«L mora) and mental duvelopment I dlscontenbMt, emMttere*. ana ignorant i»<h-» as ia« eotto »*» M»af mm*. within limits, to control tbe movement and development of their own society in tiie near future. Conse-ntt-ently Socialism In Its wide aenea la not, aa Is still commonly thought, a mere ssplra- tkAt for a belter atate of society, still leaa only a series of propoeals to mill- Kate the evils arising from the present Hoclal arrangements. Modern scientific Socialism essays tbe action of the toxic gaa for a aulfl-j ,„..,,» of private property, through dent period. Here one must accuse Unttel aiavery, serfdom, and wng» not only tlu« cuinbtautfof 'if the carbon U^,, WM i^iuble, so the neat step moiloxldo with ttio henidgloblti of fh* fro„, caiHtaJlatn. io SoclaJIsm l« nlso blood, but alao Its toxk- action on <he j jnef |Ufc|#, tittmttt* a„„ *Mt«4« *.. «* j»«.«.«,-.« 1..-1 1 \o l.lll' VOCifl - liIJlU;'!^ Wedding Sle,tio Precuely u imporunt nt the »eh*iioa of » mutasu, the ^oppoiatntaU of 'the elwkh oi home, the prevbioa for, the e»tef«»—U'th« mst^ t tm~ni tKa itledioa of *: '■'- .^^ *" fc. THL WEDDING CARDS: ..OMiMa wlfawidyl Mu^lrindtukl nblbw. An W«4d^U<«iltlioaMllMdtblrMM«t tTttMxa which kvm*t*ni(ctr**» ltAa*iJk***tUia*ma»4 etait* m Um m ei th* priiM ea* m*\a H. , htUiMwl car work ctefb, audit cMh ** 'mt* tn. hamOabtaakataat* ipMtoertfc-}a n,*a*M n'nafitn.. y Imperial Bank of Canada HbAO OfFICK, TORONTO Capital Paid Up..17,000,000 Roaerve Fund ....$7,000,000 PILgQ HOWLAND, tno* Proeident ILIAS ROOtng, Iiq., Vlea-Prca. ■ftANCHIS IN BRITISH COLUMBIA Arrowhead, Athaltnar, Chase, Cranbrook, Ferula, Qoldtn, Invermtre, Natal, Nelson; Revelateke, Vancouver, Victoria. / BAVINQt OIPARTMINT lataroat allawod tn Btptaita at ootmnt rate from date of tfegosit. raBNtB BEAKOH A. H 0 W1K Mgngfgy ess mBmmtmtsrssmnsaasst THE CANADIAN BANK OF COMMERCE HAS INSTALLED SAFETY DEPOSIT BOXES. LOOOl YOUR WlUi, TW« Dttdi, MortgiffM, Iimmuiet Po&dtt or othtr TiluabUs in one of Umm boxtt .._ . * wbmwmctttKm. wtttmmmTtmt bnvtT9 P. B. Fowior, Ma«iim«r Ptttmm &r«ifi«h ■mmmmmmmmtrnm-ommmmmmmtmimmtmaaamtm^ THI woriiera. Agltatton avslnat tbo In*- The golden ago of society la, ladeed, | (Ice of tbe present system of pradu-r- not tn tbe pat. but In tbo huure.—It, I tion, thfvtfof*. Is -only valuable ao far It educates sen and women to t*. Hyndman pedis. In Jobaaon'a KneydtM rxnnrt' ex"1*! wMlM-wrf tb*' \ mai -* ptaro-d "Oph-ibal- j tattMIWII| ^ llw 4«f|R|t» tag ttbttb tlie j wnrkmag, for tbe protonged eeaswtton try- »'«?-»!»«*• aweHlinm. toA trotd'1 J trimM-i'*. I.lt« a lac mental nnlvity, 8HILOM ' CM tt'tt" a-»-uUiU>u *iC vcuiMiuxiii tiiimxi Lis m uie of fill (nifrtflfrj- irmW b* rtrtem* tfi aU.--f'»fea«or Tkoreli Hotm. mdi, Wbotlmr the great etong* wiii v Si~*9tht nbnm paacsoUy or fwvl- bfy bat no bmring upon SOeWfam fn KrtOotloi ia tbo ooutiewme and obf- Iteeif, but depends upon tbo atao of ioutturn numHeetotkoo of oa oeralt aot nint th* HsiBB Bom Init tttttt Mwttd yssfB wtfb tttttt % #» »*} .rat ti'ttn. t n ■tnvrtrpmtml «bWh ba* been nwHtbcd" tbtrntmi ttr*mt$ toinnNie f**»*titn,' 1t*mnr*lr. ■ iwa*r*t't,m*:*n *wci rm wamw rtfawvf t ~* ,'*,fr(ln numb cUOtwit cuutttrj*. an-1 Aa *•■ [ 4.FaMkODOHALO, WftaifgOt WOTOMA AVI^ *n* *o* fSMHC 0.0 maim m mmmtm9mm A'fJpyA'-X'"- -» THE DISTEICT LEDGEE, FEENIE, B. C, JANUARY 16, 1915. PAGE THREE 0 A . ".tf:"- '.-^^ Then *-flt> . S*"^^A*. bst« I Cold w,---* -.-*j^^^^ attacks the lungs . . ?nd (he breathing passages. To wrf it J^ou netidjQ g?t at these lorgans direct. Ordinary cough' mixtures and iyrup^do pot touch the lungs,' but jgo direct to your atomich, which it not ailing. ^J*e|tt, on tb-tcontwy, go direct to th$ ,x«y..««^t of the, trouble. < - Pepa ■ arS'l tablets containing essence* and' medicinal' ingredients so prepared that when placed upon the tongue, tbey immediately "turn into vapor, and arei |breath^dogn; the inflamed air passages to the lungi, direct. '•' **.' Pept mwicipetaVes the form of healing vapor, and WW colds, coughs, bronchitis and lung bt>ub|ejt!just as living in Pine woods fpd bresthmg Pine-laden airprer vents wnsurription and cures chest wetness. Tightn*&»crosstbechest,painbe- tween the shoulders, hacking cough, sere throat, ;astUina and bronchitis are the ailments which! jn particular, Peps have been designed j to cure. Peps will toon end your osd add, Te»timoni»ls for Peps have been given by members -pf the Canadian Parliament, doctors, lawyers, eminent Canadian muiiciab*; all going to prove that Peps have hunt"found a cure for throat and chest' trouble, pf tea when other remedies Kad entirely failed. FREE TRIAL-Ctutit ttliaril- eta.i *M mall It, with Je•(*■» (forit- tan »<ut>*<> lo few Co., DnpoatSt., Tor**!*, tttl *• will Mai yoa a In* trial atekif t. of r**». All inutlatoL -aalai^«iM|IP«ai,S«c Wiot 3 (or| The Hillcrest osion LINCOLN JKHO DEMOCRACY When tbe white man governs himself, that is-golf-government; but when be governs .himself and also •governs another min that is mota than self- government—that Is despoUsm. .Many free countries have lost their liberty and oura may lose bcrs; but if she shall, be It my proudest plume, not that I wq*.ttieKJ|aBt to desert, but that I never doa^rUHj her. If there iar anything which His the duty of the whole -people to never intrust to anj; bands -but their own, that thing is the prosCnratlon and -perpetuation of their own liberties and institu tions. - v. I am for the people of the whol^ na tion jiitat ea thay please in all matters which, concern the. whole nation; tor those of each -part doing Just as they choose in all mattery which concern -^o^h«^artriinw*iorl»cS"*iHBIvHiHr doing just as he chooses In all matters which concern nobody else. On another page will be found -an abstract from the Commissioner's report on the Hillcrest, Alberta, mine explosion,-* which occurred June 19, p lfln; .The report is by Judge A. A. Carpenter, a lawyer of prominence, and It is -interesting eVen although it leaves out those things which might have caused the disaster and puts in those things which did not -cause ths explosion, and there is no advice given us that, we may avoid similar accidents. We ouce held the^opinion that English mining men, while slow, arrived at ntcrq, definite conclusions' regarding nine explosions tban d-td the mining "raternity of the United States. We [ ire obliged now in view of tbe recent reports issued on several explosions :hat have occurred in tbe -British Empire to reverse our opinion, and say rhat the commissioners arrived at the place tbey started from, namely, no- .vliere. Aa we look at the matter tn I this country, the chief reason for the Investigation of. mine explosions is to ascertain their cause and, so soon irg possible, to give the exact or the probable reason for their happening. To accomplish this, inspectors and. engineers enter the mine so soon as ventilation is restored, ahd even before in some cases, in order to note the position, condition, and location of tbe bodies, also to ascertain whether the men were burned or were killed by afterdamp; also other matters that would have a tendency to point toward tbe -probable cause of tbe disaster are carefully noted. The greatest force ls not aa a rule shown where the gas is ignited, -particularly if du*t Ib a factor, so that by following tne clues left by fhe explosion, It is possible to arrive at tbe place where the disaster originated, nnd then by signs or analogy arrive at a fairly definite conclusion. It is taken for granted that no one desired an explosion; nnd if negligence was the cause, the coroner's jury after listening to those who explored the mine places the blame where it belongs. It is only by acting In an impartial way that the facts can be made public quickly, and ao prevent possible accidents from similar causes. Our English bretbern, out ot respect for the commlsaionera examining Into fW?KrasiC-if^~ouTnirj particulars of importance for publication until the report has been'printed, which in this cite fields of Pennsylvania aud we do know that fans and air boxes are not the best means of ventilating the pitching rooms which are difficult to clear df gas* We, might speculate on other matters such" as the powder used, whether -The hundred daily papars of the Scripps League embraced in the Xewspaper Enterprise Association re- it- was customary to blast while men |scellti>' ask€d '*the fift>' most rePre- case was several months after the.explosion and it then furnished no definite information. These remarks are made not with the idea of criticizing but in the hope of -benefiting the industry in Canada as well as in the United States. The Pennsylvania mine law demands that maps of bituminous mines shall show the plan of ventilation, and about every map in this country has the ventilation marked on it, so that the mining engineer and the manager, or, in fact, even strangers- entering the mine shortly after the explosion, can follow the ventilation from tne blueprint or tracings ofthe mine map which they carry. ' In the Hillcrest mine, Wolf safety lamps were used, which under ordinary conditions go out in a gaseous atmosphere. Undoubtedly, unusual conditions could prevail where gas might be ignited by Wolf lamps. For In stance, an unlighted lamp might be I knocked over and having a loose wick, oil might run on tho glassor gauze, and then on being picked up and light- .ed, the burning oil might break the glass, or if on the, gauze, flash the flame outside. Mr. Frazer, who represented the "miners at the Hillcrest Inquest, condemned the practice of turning vitiated air from one section of a mine into a fresh air current that circulated in another part of the mine.* In thia he was right even although as it is claimed- the explosion did not occur in this part of the mine. A peculiar feature in connection with this system of ventilation ls that while an overcast was constructed to receive the return air from this part of the mine it was not used.* It is well understood that a little bit added to another little bit makes just a little bit more, and a ribbon of gas lighted in this second part of the mine might have flashed to that part where the gas bad formed an explosive mixture. In Ko. 2 South level, a boy was engaged in forcing air up a pitch, and it waa in this level that Mr. Frazer thlnks'the trouble originated. -We can imagine that a boy after turning a fen for two hours might want a rest and than on starting the fan again force tbo gaa down on the level, but there are not enough data avallable-Jft_afc- firm or, deny Mr. Prater's contention. However, we do know that theae things bave happened ln the anthra- were in the mine, also on the probabilities of roof falling and creating spanks which ignited the gas, and after all be none tho wiser, because the position of the bodies aud their condition, with other valuable data were;uot noted. There is always a cause for an explosion and it can be reached' generally quite closely by analogy, providing one does not start ivlth preconceived ideas. It is of great importance to the operators and inspectors of Alberta to arrive at some kind of a conclusion whenever they have, an explosion, because their deductions will "always be on the side of safety and of general use to the Industry at large.—The *, Colliery Engineer, * See the new Alberta law which went into effect December 1, 1914. "PEACE ON EARTH." By Eugene- V, Debs AN ELEMENT OF MODERN POLITICS Police Commissioner Arthur H. Woods, of Xew York, reviewing a recent gang murder in that city, said: ".These gangs are the growth of the last few years. There are four sources from which men of this calibre derive their livelihood. Jn times of labor troubles they work as strike-breakers, going armed to and from places where a strike is on to intimidate the strikers. They are also white slavers and pander- ers. They are employed about election times by one political party or another, and they commit unlawful acts for hire — anything from a simple assault to a murder." Please observe that these are the Individuals who have been classified by the learned (!) Dr. Eliot of Harvard University as "heroes"! These are the "fighters for the undying principle- of freedom." so ably championed by John D. Rockefeller, Jr., when the Investigation of the Colorado government by gunmen was Instituted. These are the creatures afforded protection by the governmental authorities when the workers have the effrontery (?) to agitate for better conditions. Kindly note, tbe above ls not a statement, made by a "labor agitator," but by one who probably is a willing supporter of the system which breeds the evils he dilates upon. m* ■¥3 hv famity remedy -"•tMlnl *»r»t» ••» (Ittlr tor Coaha and der* •nd Colds "> much * sentative persons in the United States to give their opinion—to tell in what way, they think we Americans can be of most service in bringing back peace on earth and good will toward men." The following is Eugene V. Debs' contribution to the symposium- There has never been "Peace en earth arid good will toward men" and we shall have to go forward and not backward to realize that ideal. Civilization ib still in a primitive, rudimentary state. It has taken countless ages to tiring us from the brute, the cave-man and the savage to where we are totlay. The development has been painfully slow, but steady, and will continue to the farthest stretches of time. "Thou shalt not ki!!" is now the law. But It applies only to individuals, not yet to nations. To slay your neighbor is murder—unless you are iu tiniform. Hut when the nation slays its neighbors and the killings amount Into the thousands, it Is not murder but patriotism to be proud of, to glorify, and rejoice over. When shall peace come to earth? When the brute and savage shall have died in us and we have become Iiuman. Iu a ^word, peace will come to earth when humanity has been humanized, civilization civilized and C'liristianity christianized. Tlie war In Europe is a crime against ..civilization, but it had to come. It. did not come by chance. Every war has its cause. Modern wars are between rival nations for commercial supremacy. It is of little use to cry out against war whilst we tolerate a social system that breeds war. Capitalism makes war inevitable, j Capitalists .nations not only exploit their workers but ruthlessly Invade, plunder and ravage one another. The profit system is responsible for it al. Abolish that, establish industrial democracy, produce for use and the incentive to war vanishes. Until then men may talk about "Peace on earth," but it will be a myth—or sarcasm. But tbere is no cause for despair. The world is awakening and we are approaching the sunrise. We cannot stop the European War. We can and will intervene when the time comes and do all in our power to restore peace. To end the war prematurely, were that possible; j^euid^mpiy^^Tnotber ariaT perhaps bloodier catastrophe. (Let us show the people the true cause of war. Let us arouse a sen timent against war. Let us teach thc children to abhor war. •More than forty years ago the Socialists of Europe declared: "We are against all wars, and- especially against dynastic wars. With sincerest regret do we accept the unavoidable evils of a defensive war, and we demand that the recurrence of suoh a social calamity be made impossible for all time to come by vesting in the people themselves the power to decide over war and peace," The proposition is here mado , to put an end to war by democratizing war, in all the history of the world the people have never declared a war. A constitutional amendment providing that no war shall be declared except by a vote of the people and that, as Allan Benson has suggested, if war is declared they who vote for It shall be the first to go to tbe front, would put ■ an end to war forever in this country. Woman, although tiie niosl vital factor in war, and its most keenly suffering victim, lias always been contemptuously ignored when war lias been declared. (Jive woman Ihe ballot on equal terms with man in every state of this unlou and a mignty advance will have been made toward driving the horrible scourge of war from the face of the earth. The earth is filled with its bounties, there is light in every brain ano good in every heart; let us rejoice that we live at a time when old wrongs are being uprooted and new rights being proclaimed; when the night is passing aud the better day is dawning when all shall join rapturously in the divine anthem— "Peace on earth and good will toward men." We lake issue with our friend oeos on the question of the vote to woman having the result he claims on the war spirit, as slie is equally as "patriotic" today as man, willing to sacrifice her sons for what she considers a righteous cause. The vote alone is not going to change her ideas any j more than it does that of ber mate; education is essential, and by education is meant a full realization of the cause of war.) HIS HEALTH IH A TERRfBLE STATE "froit-a-tlies" Healed His Kidneys and Cured Him Hj.ghksvii.i.b, Ont , Aug. a6th. 1913. "About two years ago, I found my health in a very bad state. My Kidneys were not doing their work and I was all run down in condition. I felt the need of some good remedy, and havingseen "Fruit-a-tives"advertised. I decided to try tbem. Their effect, I found more than satisfactory. Their action waa mild and the result all that could be expected. My Kidneys resumed their normal action after I had taken upwards of a dozen boxes, and I regained my old- time vitality. Today, I am enjoying the best health I have ever hadf'. B. A. KELLY " Fruit-a-tives" is the greatest Kidney Remedy in the world. It acts on the bowels and skin as well as on the kidneys and thereby soothes and cures any Kidney soreness. "Fruit-a-tives" is sold by all dealers at 50c. a box, 6 for $1.50, trial siae ase. or will be sent on receipt of price by Pruit-a tives Limited, Ottawa. Too Jon*1 bave lived the slaves of fea.*. Arise! Arise! and stand as one, And ye shall be oppressed by none; Go forth and win the bloodless fight! Up! Up! Ye scattered hosts, unite! THE INCENTIVE OF GREED AWAKE! AWAKE! YE THRONG HEEDLES8 Awake! Awake! Ye heedless throng, And fill the sad, old earth with song! Awake! Awake! thu land is thine To fashion in a form divine! God'c country come on earth shall be Tbe commonwealth where men are fr5K Too long the brunt of toil ye've borne; Too long ye've cringed to king and peer- Was lt greed made Socrates expound philosophy, or Shakespeare v. rite plays' Was it competition made Watt Invent the steam engine, or Davy the safety lamp? Was it greed that abolished slavery? Was it greed made Darwin devote his life to science? -I Was It greed that unfolded the secrets of astronomy, of geology, and ot other innportant facts of nature? Or did greed give us musical notation, the printing press, the pictures of Turner and Raphael, the poems ot Spencer, and the liberties of the English Constitution.—^Merrie England. Our heathens ln tbe Orient are learning some valuable leeeons from the Christians, wbo are slaughtering each otber in the civilized nations of Europe. -» *S3 Cold*, •toe* ISJO J^g^sAa^^a^ij^k % 6 The District As an Advertising Medium is Without Equal in the Crow's Nest Pass It reaches Earner and Spender. It appeals to them because it supports their cause. The workers own the Paper and control its policy. AU advertising of a questionable nature is barred from its columns. Advertisers do not have to pay compliments, but we quote the following received from a very large firm in New Jersey, U* S* W© itavc looked liirougn your paper with considerable ewe and intercut W* w%ht tnkf tW* opportunity to ex preti onr appreciation for the service as rendered* §o far. We would also add tbat it is one of the cleanest weeklies that we have run across in some time. 1 *«V**i-*(f FACTE FOTJB THE DISTRICT LEDGER, FEBKXfi, B. 0., JAKUAEY 1$, 1915. tilyt iMsirici &&%** Published every Thursday evening: at it* office, Pellatt Avenue, Fernie, 8. C. Subscription $1.00 per year in advance. An excellent advertising medium. Largest circulation in the District. Advertising rates on application. Up-to-date facilities for the execution of all kinds of book, job and color work. Mail orders receive special attention. Address all communications to the District Ledger. F. H. NEWNHAM, Editor-Manager. Telephone No. 48 Post Office Box No. 380 FRANCHISE OF MEN AT FRONT by like calamities might be minimized in the future. Unfortunately the necessity of an enquiry into the causes oi' an explosion of Recent date in '-vac locality has -arisen, and whilst tihe,-disastrous effects so far as the number of lives sacrificed does not compare with, the HillcresSt-'heoatom-b, nevertheless this was merely incidental, and had t% mine been working under normal conditions, so far as the number of men employed is concerned, the casualty list might have equalled that of Alberta. ■We earnestly hope that the most rigid investigation will be made -so that knowledge may be gained whereby these all too frequent explosions may be appreciably lessened. And we also trust- that whon the result of this inquiry has been published there may be no room for passing strictures of the tone of those contained in the article alluded.to. TOO OLD AT 40 OTTAWA, Jan. 4.—Ono of the questions which will have to be eonsidcred at the next session of parliament will lie the franchise oi' the Canadian soldiers who are on active service or have enlisted for service abroad. New Zealand recently held a general election, and the members <if the Overseas contingents were allowed to vote abroad. Incidentally, in New Zealand there was no cry of disloyalty because of a general election. Whether the New Zealand plan could bc followed for the Canadian Overseas army is :. question which has not yet been decided. There are difficulties in thc way, and when tlie men reach the. trenches the question of voting might be impossible. Hallots would have to be sent forward and the men allowed to vote according to their declared homes. However, if nothing else is done, it is likely steps will be taken to protect the franchise of all soldiers so that they will not bc struck off the lists while absent. We have already written editorials on the subject of fhe methods adopted by the Australian colonies whereby every elector is enabled to cast his vote, despite tlie fa'ct that lie may be away from the place of registration when an election takes jihvce. although in the case of the New Zealand eon- 1 ingent voting abroad this is the first instance where lite distance separating the voter from his own constituency has lieen so great. To expeel such a daring innovation to be introduced by the Sotons at Victoria. IJ. C, is unthinkable, consequent upon I'lie disastrous effect it would have-upon-the—Fork-Barrel^—JVrrrfiiA-^niiAoUng.Jtonplliom on the edge of nienUU anxiety. would go up to high heaven from those of the party press who have 'been the beuefteiaries of nice fat cheques in return' for the publication of the names of those object-wl to, ostensibly because the objector The recent action of the British business eiement advertising for men not over 40 years old clashed with the Government's recruiting campaign. Is not this a remarkable state of affairs? If a majority of men lived to the allotted three score years and ten of the Fsalmist how do Ihcse buyers of one hundred per cent physical energy bipeds only expedt theindividuals over two score yeara to provide for themselves during the suus->- qiieiit thirty years of their presumptive existence? We do not put this question with any expectati m of receiving an answer thereto as we know full well if an answer were vouchsafed it would be of the •' we-don't-givo-H-hang-either'' stamp. In the days oi! chattel slavery the human commodity was placed upon the block in full view of (he prospective buyers. The auctioneer would describe him or her in glowing language and interested parties would then make a closer examination of tlie physical features of the offering; see if there were any defects; none being found the sale price was correspondingly effected. Today this human traffic is ended for ever. The difference.between chattel and wage slavery is this: In the former case no mention was ever-made of "Too old at 40," nor was ;> black man nor woman, no matter how old or feeble, granted the "freedom" of the white wage- earner to starve to death. In these days of en- lightment, culture and civilization it has become quite commonplace to read in the d-aily press brief reports of cases of starvation, suicide, hold-ups, etc., because of inability to obtain work whereby lhe moans of sustenance may be purchased. The ever-recurring question in the mind of the worker as he approaches the age when he is likely to be thrown upon the scrap-heap is nol going to be solved for him by the merchant or manufacturer, as many of them have troubles of their own that ' . m Tho in dustvial DAVE REES COMES BACK capitalist will not interest himself in any plan that will jeopardise his interests, therefore the maxim, "(rod helps those who help themselves," is peculiarly Ktiggestivo and should lie a sign post -itinnised the voter had leftthe particular const it u-j of direction to the working class. ency where the paper was published, hut in reality for two good and potent, reasons, ono the lopping off the list of Hiokp voters who were believed to be "forninst the (rovern-ment." and the other reason (in some eases by far the more substantial one) the pecuniary benefits accruing Mierefroni: the larger the list the groii*tcr Hie picking from the "Fork Itnrrel." If the Dominion Government should outline a plan whose object should be to permit duly, qualified voters to retain their suffrage rights eveu if engaged at the battle front, wo shall look forward lo vehoinent opposition from that miction of the press which, in the past, has regarded the publication of the Absentee Voters' List as a legitimate perquisite if return for valuable services rendered,. To copy the revolutionary (?) examples of ciUm- ies like New Zealand, <*iuceimland. etc., whilst Ihey have not upset "the eHtablished rules of uoeicty" 11m:, obtain in the land of tlm Southern Cross. U uu- iliiiu-.iiile iu this, the 'brightest gem in lie lm- perial diadem," jwrticularly when it is taken into < onsidi-ation Hint such a course would be deeidwlly detrimental to the interests of innumerable fait lift •' Ifiii'lniieii when hii election was imminent. IVri*h the thought, and if tin- thought cannot be tofnlly (tombed Mien let us espouse if in order to ma ki the gullible public imagine thnt Canada is • qiially us broad-minded as their Antipodean col- league*, tail, "and here'a ttoo rub," let teiii|mrimng lin-tifh be udepted timl will defer the project no long lhat there will he no four of itH becoming operative for the rimtMiii that the war will he over and ihe wil- ilier volenti returned to civil Ufa, then thi* wtbver- -sive (!) measure mny be -mnventantly fdielv-wl, nol *ii he ri'Mtrri'i'ti'd tilth's* lltcre'n a change of govern- incut, nml I hen tl would make mh excellent plunk for nn Op|Hwition pl«l form. R« WHAT OTHER* THING OF THE HILLCRE8T ENQUIRY HIm-wIhiv V, ' 1 , 1 ill fhr-ftc v~:*: column* we r^p-ruttM*?* mx e.i.... ■*, ,„.i.,t*\* ti*t*tii, nt "Thi* -fSIH-i-tw 1-,:iVi.n^ will) Ibe im*f*.Hjrfl^n ffl^" bv .liitlg-t (;«rpcider «»f the HHh-n-fft Di*a>d< i. We call Un: .tpi'Ainl .%U*"t<dhm <»f -wiir rv8tl-fro.lv th** artMk h-pcnufe- it in fnMti the poll of one who thoroughly ,., v... * .,, i ii.,, ,,,<i,',,.,,* it-n.ti.r i.nmltlc'H-itTf'm- txxr* ittpmurv. tm ehargc nf prejudice «*nil |i« brought M«»iii%t the writer for the wimple rvason thnt he in far removed from the wene of the d'unnter. Iienee can look upon il in n atrtMly impersonal manner. The inference l« be drawn from the invertiga- turn in iluti the teamed gentleman who had charge of uui'.tT., v.'.;;. :*iun '■.-n"'T!i',l in limiting the **n- Otiiry to a 'mre Maicment of fa-He that bad happen* M rather ihan searching d*-ej»ly 5nt» the *-atx%e* pm- dwiiu thf disaster. In other wonAe, ft wai vf-twwl wore trim th* jwrwlie than the neienliftr- nepe-H <-• too&tttg; to the aH'.'ortnfunt^nt 'if fnFormalfrm xtttet*. Some rtopian labor leaders (?) seem to imagine that their brief assertion. "Labor power is NOT a commodity." thereby alters the entire aspect of the situation. To such we would ask: "If labor"be not a commodity, then what is it ?" In substantiation of our viewpoint we call attention to the commonly accepted te-sm. "Labor Market." spoken of with the sn uie freedom of expression as iu days gone by the slave market was alluded to. Again, when speaking of the elements included in the computation of the cost of transforming the raw material into a finished product, "labor," as an item., is treated exactly on any others that enter into lliu miitter—i.e.. there is no personality considered, all the factors involved being regarded impersonally. A society in which iiuin is told plainly and bluntly that he is "Too old ol 40" should fumiah food for thought for every unit whom it affects, and it it doesn't thentVio affected one cannot expect those not included in this category to show vory imi ah concern about the subject. "Too old at 40" interpreted to mean that,the IM'Hod of phyaical usefulness has been passed, connotes the indbpntable fact of a apt'wling-up ayati»m having been operative between the ngea of lfi otid 40 of auch nn energy-robbing diameter, antomntle- nlly plaeing the victim of it in the scrap-heap class. Very likely mme of onr render* mny loudly proclaim that, although long pn»t the 40 mark, they are atill capable of doing better work thnn many rf their younger fellow-workers. This we do not ilia* piite, although we don't retard il aa any excuse for diHplay of vanity, but what we wleh to eall eapeetol attention to ia thia, wh-Wt the buyer of that commodity, "labor power." goes into the market it ia the law of average tlmt govern* hia purchase*, and that law of average, according to the Ilritlsh utan- dard. i* under 40! (Ji-ey haii*. iMild heads, crowfeet, wrinkled brows, narrow ehe«t*. wubbly lega are poor reeontmemla. Mom. for « job where physical qiialificatioiia an* lhe prime consideration. We have aaid it time* without number "He who would In* free mtiat himaelf find utrikc the blow," | The WtirKlllfr vimm it* miumij mgmim*n *** -mVm-m. the tritth til thia aaaertiou. -N'etef itakaa *.**. ,*i\ compelled lo eonfeaa, aomewhat reluctantly we'll admit, that Ihe Krtmt waaa ean atill lie aitMtackiil by those whow material intereata nre lieat aitlnwnetl hy beepwf litem m «hik»i»ihis, «»v»» Um»W*> *■» ■>»""•* they th have oeeaalonal otithiirata of Itrtital frank- nam w exemplified in Ihe aenlence: "Tmii old at 40!»* (Contluued from Pake One) yt,*. ■', .;. , I don't.Jmowf'whether m-y Crteud fias special reference to any particular officer, but let mo state tbat -the unemployed scheme waa no election dodge, and the writer is prepared?to defend the attitude of. the Board. on said question before any Local or at Uie next District Convention, .JMr- tlier, I do not know of a -cent spent by any officer electioneering, and whilst it may come, with bad grace from, myself, I want to state most emphatically that I have never asked a vote or even a nomination, directly or indirectly, of any man, not even a most bosom friend, d-aring my life. Further, with all due ^respect to my friend, Bro. Thomas Uphill, 1 am convinced I T-vould be still occupying the office of Local Secretary at Pernie had I not decided to stand down when I did. -Hence I feel that the better position for all men to take is to strictly avoid seeking the vote or favor of any party, no matter how friendly.' If a man Is not satisfied to stand on his past record then I would not give much for an election promise; it's top much like many of our new year resolutions. However, as friend John says, "Don't blame .no one, but blame tae syBtem und try and Improve It." -Well, as already atated, there are a few more weeks before our Convention, hence -I hope this question will receive the consideration lt merits prior to that time. John then states: "By all means let the members do their own thinking, but they should be encouraged to think Intelligently and collectively." Let the writer again listen to the sweet music of his own horn, and state that from an. industrial standpoint if there Is any question asked of lilm to which he has given due consideration he will be prepared at all times to give opinion and advice when sought I have not had an opportunity ot viewing the scenic beauties of Beaver Mines (not because It is an unimportant Local) but let me tell Brother John that I do make occasional suggestions when I visit the (moro important) Locals. Then wo come to the point vhich 13 discussed -considerably today—i. e., the question of all contracts expiring, ing at one dine, and for my friend's and others Information, I wish to state that in the last Rocky Mountain Association Convention which Bro. Elmer and I attended ou behalf of this District, we opposed the idea ot an interstate movement, and said convention, representing the six districts of the North West, decided that they would make this a matter of discussion at the—next—iBiemaUoaa!—Coavenitoiw when I sincerely hope sufficient of Uie delegates will have arrived at the point where, t-hey are prepared to ac cept said idea. My friend is rather wide of the mark when he woijjd m-ako^ lt appear that Knsland. Scotland and Wales amalga- INQUESt ON'MINE' " '"' "" ,. INSPECTOR EVANS ;', (Continued from Page One) "A wards,1 applied certain pressure on the artificial air supply, with the result that it was impaired to a painful degree, -and when he was found there were' exterior indications of suffocation. McFegan, the remaining member,' undoubtedly slightly displaced his apparatus, but his proin.pt departure from the danger zone' speaks for itself. The-action of E. Hesketh of the rescue party in placing the cylinder of pure oxygen In front of Adam- son's face while he was unconscious in the jnlne, without doubt kept the spark of life still glowing, and the prom.pt and continuous application of the pulmotor after hrs removal therefrom accomplished the desired result of restoration. All of the apparatus that was in use at the time of this unfortunate occurrence was part of the equipment constantly on hand at the Company's office. ' We make this explanation as there nre some parties under the Impression thnt part of the apparatus was from the Government Mine Rescue Station, and we wish to correct the impression. The ovidenco of Dr. Moore was to the effect that at the time of his arrival at Coal Creelt, at which time the pulmotor had been applied to Mr. Evans for an hour and a half, he was uhivble to note any heart action by meanB of the stethoscope, and the pupils of the eyes were dilated. In spite of this the pulmotor and artificial respiration exercises were continued for ii peiiod of three hours ni.ir? without avp'.l. Mr. Moore had also performed ii'i autopsy on deceased, the E-iumuary of which was that death had been caused hy suffocation froon ln!nHn.-g nox ious !,ascs. While the doctor oould hot definitely state the number of gases involved, he had fount sufficient indications to conclude that carbon rfciiox'de had -been a prominent factor in f,uiie. Prom a physiiil poln': cf v'ew' there had been found no defects wlii.-l> could be attributeJ to the sudden demise. Mr. George O'Brien, instructor at the local Mine Rescue Station, was called, and with exacting detail described the events leading up to and including his connection with the affair. Mr. O'Brien, in discussing the apparatus gave a very thorough description of it, in addition to which he gave a practical demonstration of tbe two types of apparatus, and In this-waB assisted by Mr. Robt. Johnstone, who is in charge of the company apparatus at Oial Creek Colliery. Wltneis further stated that since tho accident lie had nut all the company's rescu-e ai>i>aratus and ' equipment through a rigid teBt, and that he had found tliem all In excellent condition, and to em- phasi/.e this, that as a result ot his findings lie would feel entirely safe iu donning any pf the sets in question and entering any place where the atmosphere was known to be vitiated to HELPING OUR SOLDIERS WM. ESCHWIG, Jr., TAKES . ■•_ . OVER THE "CENTRAL." -It is thought best that knitter^.con- •-;"■■'■■, _■»■' -\ k- . centrg/te. as' much as ^possible on -BOfks ■ The -Central Ikotel Is now tinder new as the need for these is by.tar the management, and'=.William Etechwig, greatest. . Every one cannot turn a Jr.,. assures the' puhlie that no effort heel, but anyone, can knit' the leg,- on his part will be spared tb cater which Is just\& large wristlet faevfnty satisfactorily to.the solid and-liquid stitches round, and. twelve -inches requieranents^of hiVpitrons. long). So^if the less experienced will •' ■■—. ^—— -- knit the.legs and send to-MTS-JRogers ATTENTION; POULTRY FANCIERS! they will be finished -by some of ihe - -; better knitters. As some, of the ar- All students of avlcpUure are here- ticles sent in were so small as to'be i by notified tha't a meeting will be held useless, knitters are again warned to «■»"*»•■» "i""*' -*»«« -ti-imHct.nov*. at cast off very loosely.,'". ■" The following -knitted goods were sent away in a recent shipment: . 50 Belts, 9? pair wristlets, 89 pali socks, -mufflers, 2 pair knee pads, 1 water bottle cover, 18 helmets. . Following are the donations, for the week: 1 pail (Mrs. - White, 'Hosmer-—-1 cap. iMlss White, Hosmer—1 bolt -Mrs. Bateman—1 "belt. .Mrs. Barnes—1 cap. Mrs. DobBon—3 pair sock^ wristlets. Mrs. Zene, Elko—1 pair socks. •MrB. Tully—2 pair socks, 2 belts^ IMrs. Yeats—I pair socks. Mrs. Kefoury—2 pair wristlets. Edith Kennedy—1 -pair wristlets. -.Mrs. Lane—1 pair wristlets. IMrs. Carllle—1 pair socks, .Mrs. Wllmott, Jaffray—Wool. |n' the Miners' ifiall. Tuesday .next, at, 7.30.p.rav, for the purpOatfof discussing ways and means-looking to the formation of a .poultry • association for Fernie and district. - KNOX CHURCH, FERNIE - '■ ',,'-< Sundiy," Jan. it—Rev. W; K!.- Thompson, of Cranbrook,>-wiil--'conduct the services for'the -day,■ '2.30 pm, Sunday school. Wednesday, 7.30 p.m., prayer meeting. .Thursday, 7.45 p.m. Thoughtful Workers. -W. J.o IMc- Quarrle, B.A„ mlnUter! ' METHODI8T CHURCH, FERNIE A sale of home cooking will be held In the -Methodist Church schoolroom on Saturday afternoon, Jan. 16th, from 3 to 6 p.m. Knox Cradle Roll—Remember the Mother's meeting, on Wednesday afternoon, Jan. 20th, at 3.30 p.m. -Mrs. Mott will talk on "Simple Diseases of Children and Their Remedies." Mr. Thos. McGovern and -Miss Alice Halstein, both popular employees of the -Michel Hotel, were married on Tuesday at the -Methodist Parsonage by Rev. D. iM. Perley. .Mr. and Mrs. -M-cGovern will reside In Michel. Dick Wolanskl, an Austrian, ls being held by the military authorities on account of foiling to report monthly, as well as advising some of his fellow countrymen not to comply with the regulations now In force in this connection. lt. L. June, formerly in business In Fernie Annex, wbo moved from here to Burton -City, had the misfortune to lose both his building and contents on Saturday Ipst, .by fire. The loss is partially covered by Insurance. mated 20 yea-rs ago, and let me state lhat whilst tireat Britain may have! Um extent that human life could not M the ifioal powerful or'tantKatlon In the mipporled for even an Inunlteimal world lu many respects It Is no thanks to them, and I am of the opinion that were it not for tlie many drawbacks which we encounter owing to the cos mopolltan make-up or our organization, we, too, would have some union,, It would appear that the Idea of the tii'ticrul Htr Ike, dm mentioned by my friend, wns not so awfully deep-rooted in Britain, else they would bave embarked upon auch an tx proteat against the present bute-hery which ls making Europe hell, as Brother John states. Most of the points mentioned In Brother .lolin'a letter nro briefly totieh- ed upon, true, and whilst I admit that I nKiy tie prejudiced tn favor of our syfltem of election, I am from .Mliaourl and have yet to be iihown where the Britlt-h system has many advantages over oun. TrtiNtlnff our membership, as already stated, will give this matter the attention It deserves, and reciprocating Bro. Ix>UKtiran'i good wishes. Yours sincerely, 11. MfiBB. length of time. At thc outset or the final session of tho inquest, Mr. Thos. Graham, Crlef Inspector of -Mines for the.Province, applied to the coroner lo be allowed sufficient scope at Mils investigation so as to include the cause of the explosion. The Coroner'took exception to the inquest being transposed Into a dual enquiry, as he considered that the explosion was not relative to the fatal necident, and -also In view of having received some objections to such method being adopted. Apart from thia, however, tie tho««ht there should he a separate enquiry In connection with the explosion: JVv Graham iu replying stated that his reason for making the request was that by the two being Incorporated In one considerable expense would he eliminated, but In view of the Coroners decision, and as the public at large were entitled to the fullest Investigation, he took this opportunity to announce that steps would be tm mediately taken -fry hia department to have such In tbe near future, ■mm" Marquis oil t rewr*. tim-v-niHu-ii'i U-aiU ir, himU tlu- -vtatetnetit thai tlie rwl of the near -mffrht tlepetn! <m .i-oiKniiic f««'lom Nu'w-eil »« inflilary «iw. He miflit *\m bave tiM-ad that it waa eennomie faetvira that started the war wlfti equal troth, hnt then the One Mnn hint ihi |*ra*eleiilly Worked liy thi* ex- «t*n»M*w»f-*l* wnttUl have gnffeml. mmmmmmmammnmiiimmi-mnM, A TREAT FOR YOU ■*» * ' "Universal Moving Pictures" any night at Ullir 3ata Through amagmmata with the Universal Company we will be able to gtve oar patrons tke latest aad best subjects on tbe imrket. The Universal Company at present are tbe oni) com- imny releasing ftltmt In Canada, and we get litem right after relente In Vancouver, wbleb means we will have tbe ■•IT and LATOT PICTURES IN TOWN 9999mm9^999^aamamamm^ammmtmmmmimmamammmama*mamaimaimt*m*memmmmT-tmm •PtCIAU SATURDAY IVtNINO AND MATIN!t ONLY A vivid dramatisation ot Hag* Cwmfe *»te«»dl«i* myttntf Story D7."ffarol<r*W.~K: A'naefsonrfSrmefly Fernie's City Health Officer, left Vic torla on Tuesday last as Captain of li. Section of the 4th.Medical Corps, en route east-bound. - At ...Winnipeg "A" and "C" Sections .will be picked up, these two sections are from Alberta and Saskatchewan, Sunday, Jan. 171—11 a.m., "A Great General"; 7.30 -p-m., "A Vocation, an Avocation and a Hobby.'' Oloaday, 7.30 p.m., Epworth League, Rev. D. K. Robertson, of Christ Church, will glvo an address ^ Thursday prayer meeting at 7.30. Priday, choir practice, 8. .Saturday sale ofhon» cooking at 3 p.m., Jan. 16th. A meeting of the Wester* Coal Operators Association was- held- in the offices of the Crow's Nek -Pass Coal Co. here on Friday.-, The election of officers was held,'-which -resulted tn th-tl same officials retaining their positions., Mr. Lewis Stockett, president, and Mr. W. F. McNeill, commissioner, both of Calgary. . • .--"■■' - The following officers, of the local Lodge of Knights' of Pythias -Ko. 31, were duly installed inI their respective offices on Tuesday evening: J., Coombe. CC; Chas, tdhxer, ViC; John Tudhope, Prelate; ■% Turnbull, Master of Works; F, Ayre, .Master at Arms; Jas. Maddison, -Master of Fln- nnre and Exchequer; David 'Black, Keeper of Record's""and Seal; P. Alton, I.G.; T. Ratcllffe, O.Q. W. L. Phillips, left tor Calgary on Wednesday morning's train to discuss questions incident to lhe, coal mining Industry with Wf F. iMcNelll, Commissioner of the. Coal -Operators Association, and whilst in the city will attend a convention,tb.be held on Thursday. Jan. 14th, called to consider the Hm<Mnp!oy*ssenMuesUon4m.jrhieh^lMt, labor representatives and the civic authorities from- different cities ln the Province of Alberta will participate. All residents of Fertile' who desire to become naturalised British subjects should note that Judge 0. H, Thompson will be here Friday, January 14th, for tho purpose; of receiving amplications as per the recently enacted Naturalisation Act. A. I. Fisher, who witb his wife and son spent tho Christmas festivities back in his old home returned this neck. He n'ports thnt conditions In Toronto and thn other large cities visited are Improving trom a business viewpoint consequent upon the manufacturer! having received some Very heavy mah ordera from the Qrltlah War Department. A. K. Watts, associated with the Cranbrook Prospector, Is tbe author of an Innovation tn Journalistic "amenities." -lie has challenged a co-tem. to public debate with the understanding ihat If he falls to nwike good certain statements, made regarding the doughty Mr. W„ that he submit to horse-whlpplng ut the hands of tha ladles. This ought to make a spicy Item for the "sporting" page ot the Herald. How*s This? W» attr On* Hundrwl Dollin Iti-mrd i«r »n» -Mi ot QiUrrb Xb*X ouraot bt ctiiml liy JU11* CaUrrti Curt, r. j. qurasY a co., toWo, o W-t, On wdtrtliMd, T*m» known r. J. Ctien-fr far Uw lut tl yem. tnd Win* him prrtwtly Ikk- anv* in «U tHWwa umimOom ud HuneMlr *Mt tt tntrr wt ut oMimtlani mad* by Mi ami. ",«o *■ diitcilr ui ipon I TNUl NwtOML Ums or Onu-mrir, Cat* la i WntHj »nd mueotM HlUM CbtUth OM* UttW ipon lm> blwid »n« mue _.. . inmWi met in*. Mr-* tl Mat* rat Toledo, OMo. bittrnuly, sMIni MM mlttlCM At tit thn «ottl«. Md b» tit OrtiHlita. T»lt* lUU'l f««Ur ItlE lw fnsillpitlOS. KNOCKEP-OUT Ifyou ave after goods at rocjk-bottom tiguros look at our window anil you will receive a surprising shock as our prices liave anything: ever before offered the public knocked-out to a finish. A. F. HADDAD QUALITY STOWt OUARAKTBBI QUALITY, PWCM AKD GOODS "Oeld Mar Orama In 4 Parta COFIIMO «OOH tne UnUtrssl Cft's lattae net met* tMIWM-f Hartal The Trey O' Hearts Br UMto Jaeeph Vaaea We him a Prefotltlon teetttryeonrtWlml Uriee. WatcM far It un C»3i-c*% liEHtiiAJuii*«tUtAl aad^paaaafial murn, *• mtit. Wttb a poH«» la oar «M l!ae eompanr. roe esa m off oa yoar vacatton or visit tke ends ot Uw tnnb and yvn koow yoe'te -se* mre, Maaheetia tint INIUR4N61 la alwaya ebeapa*. aad eaoaei- sll> ao wbea It doesn't coat bttber. Dont tnjny abowtkat nmonl or aboet tbat eatra la- auraawt yon want bot eoaM rtghi In tut, xnit nnit i\n-m H mtewM Mt A* KASTNER •OLE AMffT rO« f MNII mm* mme* m.ocK« n rsftnie, m* c. THE DISTRICT LEDGER, FEKlflE, B. C, JANUARY 16, 1915. fAGEFIVB 5?/ r ' -"->"• of District -FERNIE MAN'S BROTHER, KILLED .IN ACTION -Alan.Graham, .with Herchmer and itartiate'law firm, has, received a ■cable {r»m England that -his .brother, > Itiqhard,'Graham; lst lieutenant of • King's Own Scottish Borderers, has been killed in action in France. .-John C. ..Turner, recently elected vice-president of Wonthaggi (Victoria) Miners' Local,.reports that tbe ^teh-or .^Parliament has-loaned eighteen uiil- Uion pounds sterling (£ 18,000,0U0) to ; various states so that public works may be undertaken as an aid., to the alleviation of distress caused by the unemployment problem. H-om-emher tlie . dato ot, the grand Masquerade, Jau, 25tii; also remember the cause: To relieve the distressed. Further, remember, It you are a member of nny fraternal.order, that this is being held under the auspices %t the combined- fraternnl societies and the Ladiea* -Benevolent Society, Price $l. A., first class orchestra will he in attendance, whil,e the eats will be provided by the ladles of the various ordors, which should be nuf sed. - ♦ ♦♦.♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ ♦ ■ ♦ <+> COAL CREEK NOTES ♦ . Before His Honor Judge Thompson nt the regular session of the -County Court; two criminal cases were disposed of when Mike Sysion, of -Michel, charged with obstructing and assaulting a -police officer, was sentenced to IS months with hard labor. Sysion, while being arrested at Michel a few tlayB ago by Constable English, brutally resisted, calling on two of his companions for assistance, the officer helng subjected tb gross Indignities, nnd: severely.bitten and kicked by the -.icciised during the fracas. .However, in spite of tbe overwhelming odds, Constable English effected the. arrest, with the result that Syysion will not again be permitted to perform his brutal methods for some time. John Kenda, who stabbed two fellow countrymen in a brawl at Hosmer si,, few weeks ago, was found guilty of attempting to do grlevlous bodily harm and sentenced to one year with nard labor at Nelson Provincial Gaol. When the call for one hundred men was received at Victoria to reinforce the Princess Pats" now at the front, the number of ellglbles making appli- catlon' was so great drawjng^by. lot had to be resorted to. Tho only fernie, representative who drew a lucky number was Wm. Worthington, formerly In the employ of TrlteB-Wood, COMMUNICATED. The mines were idle from 3 p.m., Friday, until 7 a.m., Monday. ,Mlss Kirkpatrick, of the Trltes-iWood staff, was the guest of Mr. and. Mrs. Jim- .McPherson this week-end. The Slavnian fraternity celebrated A meeting of ratepayers ls called for Friday evening, Jan, 22nd, to elect a secretary to the school board in place of H. Johnstone, resigned. Quite a large number of Creekites journeyed to Fernie on Tuesday to take in the "Pantages" at the Grand, but owing to the late start and frequent waits were unable to. see the end of the show. Probably the management will rectify this in future. . The relief committee met on. Tuesday and attended to several case1;. General Manager Wilson ls i constant visitor in this camp these days. We regret to report that H has been necessary to remove Tom, Ma»on to hctiii'.al for treatment. We wish lilm t. speedy recovery. Tlint the spirit of chivalry ls belug inculcated into the minds of our school children was evidenced on Tuesday, when John Simpson, Eddie Glover, Sam Fowler, W, Puckey, J. Corlett and VV. Miller, schoolboys of this camp, turned out witli shovels and axes to clear the steps leading to the bridge crossing the creek and tracks, thus enabling the younger element to pass over in safety. Our thanks, as parents, go out to them. , , Kobert Johnstone and family are conte-ni-platlgg a visit to the Old Country. Bob is in receipt of a letter I from a brother whom he has not seen tor 11 gear's, now in hospital suffering from wounds received at the front. Their many frit-nds wish thom" bon voyage. The female element of this camp have been put to considerable inconvenience by having to plow their way through the snow In order to make the 6 p.m. train below the tipple. A large number of Creekites took in !he annual civic entertainment Monday evening at Fernie. Bravo, Jack- son. The meetln*-- f •' '.of the members of the Club to nominate and elect a new treasurer has been postponed until further,, notice. —Pres-byterlan-ehurehi-^unday^SOr Sunday school; 7.30, services by supply. Everybody welcome, . We regret to learn that Wm. Mitchell Is seriously 111, suffering from Internal trouble.' We wish him a speedy recovery. The chicken stealers are in eamp jajrnin. The victim this time;, Is Tom J. A. Tupper 1.00 0. X. Woods : 1.00 R.v Shack l.Oi James Towey . j 2.00 J. Henney 2.00 R. Spruston • 2.00 Di Fiasa 1.00 The Dockage Fund 164.00 Total ?2S7.50 Great credit is due to the ladies of .Michel for the able maner in which they handled the whole affair. Michel, B,C. To tbe Editor, District Ledger. Dear Sir,—With reference to Mr. Curry's letter appearing • in last week's issue, 1 wish to say tbat every contract miner, as well as myself, knows how. every cent of the money subscribed was expended, and for the benefit of others who may wish io know, I call their attention to tills week's Michel notes. It may be that a few children over the age of 21 did not get a sack, hence the kick. Both Mr, Curry and the ladles who worked so hard to make the treat a success are to be congratulated for their efforts. Yours truly, ti. BEARD, Sec. of the Christmas Fund ♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ BEAVER MINES ♦ The mines here worked one day last week, but we expect to do a little this week. v) .Miss Lee, school teacher, resumed work In the early part of last week, looking, and apparently feeling, much better for ber short holiday at Nelson, B. C. Jack Crawford returned from Edmonton on Mohday of last week, where he had been visiting friends. He reports having had a good time in the cowboy city letting the old year out and tbe new year in. On December 29th a juvenile enter tninmeut was held in the school, Bea ver Mines, when a rehearsal of the concert which should have been staged on Christmas fcve was given. The children acquitted themselves very creditably, and great praise Is due to their teacher, Miss Lee, for bringing them to such perfection' in sq. short T"t!me7 To the Bditor, District Udger. i Whm„, Coyote Street Dear Sir,—I noticed tn one of your issues of the Ledger that our Secretary, Frank -Uarrlngham, was advocat- ♦ HILLCREST Ing for ell the workmen here to join the Local, I think he would Improve Aiuttera a good deal If he advocated to have an hoaptt-al here, Instead of workmen that gat lame alao being frozen to des tta by being taken to Diamond City Hospital in a democrat. I would like to hear what Frank h;u got to any about this through your valuable paper. Youra truly, "HOBPrriCE Coulhurot, uear Kipp, Alta., Jan. 13, 1916. i (Ws would aak, "Hospital" if he would put up bin stovepipe before he had ibe stove in position? Probably Uro. Barrlngham will reply lo this Pleased to report Jack Howard on the high road to recovery. . Wednesday night whistles tooted "No work!" The four daya enforced holiday waB taken advantage of by some and a moat enjoyable dance was one of the features held In the Union Hall, whilst other citizens participated in a free dance at nellevue given by IMrs. Rudd. ♦ MICHEL NOTES ♦ ',.'.*- ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ Tbe following person* contributed to tbe; Christmas• nhlertalument for tbe children ot Michel: W. ft. Wilaon $25.00 Michel Brewery 15.00 Crahan 10.00 ,. 5.00 Kion Australia comes the word that xtor-M of all kinds close at 6 o'clock every evening and on Saturday nt I o'l'loi*. tbla Includea dry goods «m j Thoa, perlum* aa It baa been found poaalble j Mlcbel Light Co. . to -educate tbe buying public to tbe nd- j Imperial Bank .... vantages conferred u-pon tbe employ-ia: T, Rnsaelt by lessening thflr working hour*. -Thin j P. Burnt tt Co. .. happy result waa not acoompllihed I P. Korrltta without considerable opposition front]ll.C. Wetdon .... thorn wbo loudly proclaimed Ua lm-jWeaiern flroeeriea practicability and tbe lots of trade tlfce- * ll. N* Hotel ty lo enaure, It haa been proven that 'j J. AHomare tunc tbe buying public reallie that tf j«». Fisher they wish to make tbelr purehaaeajT. II. Craban .... within certain preacrlbed bonrn It bsHT.Mrtlovern ..... -comes a mutter of habit. }H. Heard If-rrnle merchants bave not yet I Jan Mediae reathed tbo .Mutrallun atandord !»j T. rarirldge their treatment of tbelr employees,;J, Itollrla bnt the Wednesday early closing move- j J. Beigle rm at la » at*p la tbe rlghl direction.. w. Moon end aow tbat it bas bean Inaugurated ■ •>• •• Woods we hope that all mar rontinne tb*iA. Wui*l prartlee, aa It la only fair tbat tboae Mlebel Reporter , who pat tu eatra time on Saturday Mr*. Wylie ulttbta ahould bi» given consideration f F. Owen "5rfr*Tr"GTMoiore supplied" the eats, which were much enjoyed, nnd considering there was no chairman a very enjoyable evening was spent. Public opinion Is very much divided'here on the question of whether a chairman is necessary at a social function or not. Some contend that he ls an acquisition, while others say he is out of date. But whether the darts are aimed at the chairman on principle it ts difficult to savvle A very pleasant evening was spent al the Beaver Hotel on Xew Year's night, when a large number of friends were entertained to supper by Mr. and Mrs. J. Newhouse, After doing justice to an excellent spread, cards and other games were Indulged ln until midnight. A quiet wedding took place at the Presbyterian Manse, Pincher Creek, on the 29th ult., when John Herbert (Bert) Lamb and -Mlas Florence Eva (Worry) 8mttli, both of Beaver Mines, were united In the bonds of matrimony. After the ceremony the happy couple eel out for their home on Bert's homo- mead. ■Mr. and Mrs, Harry Drew *,<x»er- Mined a party of f*t»nda at thelt home, Heaver Mlnea, on New Yt-mrV Uve. There waa plenty of harmony nnd a very enjoyable time waa spent, On Tueaday of laat week H, Cole, formerly of the boarding house, Beaver, and Kd, -Moore, Beaver, were fined 150.00 and 125.00 ahd costs, respectively, at Pincher Creek Court. For about alx months, 11. Cole and W. j Maker have been running the aaw mille J0'J^j formerly owned by W. O. Sherwood, and a few weeks ago tliny hed occasion to "fire" tbe man In charge of the steam botlere. Bd. Moore, being a practical boiler man, but without paiiera, was put In charge for a time. Acting on information, however, Constable Byrne moved in the matter, hence the fines. That It waa a dirty, low down trick la the opinion of the for the past 12 months, but as they were short of funds they could not do so. After fully discussing thd" pros and cons of the case, and- taking into consideration that the tendency of the present age is to specialize everything connected with -medical science, hence the opinion expressed by those present was that the preservation of tbe lives and limbs of the membership- should be the first duty of the organization, and that no member should-have to suffer 12 months because the funds of his local were exhausted in trying to relieve cases of distress. Therefore the following resolution was unanimously carried: "Whereas the funds of several locals had-to be used in order to meet cases of exceptional distress, we recommend that the expenses of nil members who are sent to medical specialists or medical institutions, on the advice of a duly qualified medical practitioner, be paid from the District funds." A circular bearing the president's signature and containing several resolutions, and amendments to the Constitution were next considered, and as they all appeared to be in order they were endorsed en masse. The following resolution was also unanimously agreed to: "Whereas the agreement existing between the Western Operators' Association and District 18, U. M. W. of A. terminates on March 31st, we recommend that no contract be entered into which does not terminate on the same date as the miners contracts at present 'in existence in other parts of Canada and the neighboring states of America." Also: "Whereas the system of electing a District President and a District- Secretary Treasurer annually is expensive and under the present conditions unsatisfactory, we recommend that the system be .llscontlnu- ed, and that the recall be made more simple than at present." And further: "That any member who has been in good standing in this organization for three consecutive years, and would be eligible according to Sec, 3, Article (!, of the Constitution, may, on obtaining two or more nominations tor any District Office about ' to become vacant, address the mem- —-berg^-of—anyj-or—ail—locate-in--DUf- trlct 18 on Trade Unionism and kindred subjects.1' A committee-was also appointed to consider the wage scale at present In existence at -Beaver -Mines.- » .Mike Ross quit the Pacific Hotel last week and took a trip we^t. Russian Christmas was well kepr up iu Coalhurst this year. "Johnny Walker" and "Alberta's Pride" being much in evidence. Quite a number f outside mt.n have been given employment this past week working in the power house, where new boilers are being installed. Harry Paul quit the mine last week and intends going East. Harry TIiohihs is leaving this week and is intending to start up iu business either in Sprlnghlll or Amherst, Xova Scotia. Dominic Sahara paid all expenses of the dance and social held in tlie Miners' Hall on January Sth. Dominic is the proprietor of the Italian grocery store and is a strong supporter, of the Socialist njovement. Ma-nuel Purdy was acting locomotive engineer a few days last week, the regular man beliis? laid up with Injuries received in au accident In the power house last Thprsday. » An invitation dance and pleasant evening was spent at the home of Mr. and Mrs. Pelletier on Friday last In honor of the coming''Of age of their youngest daughter, •Philomene. Joe Blakey quit this week and has secured work in Canmore. Charlie Prescott is moving out and taking his family north. There ls a rumor that the company are about to lay off quite a number of men pretty soon on account of poor markets. give your officers some encouragement. . The local Rebekahs nominated the following officers for the ensuing term at their regular meeting in the Eagles' Hall on Tuesday evening: Xoble Grand -—Miss lt Seedworth; Vice-Grand—Mrs T. Boyle; Recording Secretary—Mrs. O. Fairburst; Treasurer—Miss M. Monfort; Chaplain—Mrs. G. Grafton; Financial Secretary—^Miss M. Monty; Conductor—Mrs. D. Roberts; 1. G.—D. Reid; O G.—E. Parish; R, S. X. li.— McKean Hunter; L. S. N. G.—Mrs. J. -McAulay; R.S.V.G.—Mrs. A. Smith: L.S.V.G.—IMrs. D. Reid. Tlie proprietors of one of the Chinese restaurants in town was "pulled" the other day by Corporal Grant, of the It.X.WlM.P., and fined $125,25 for supplying liquor without a license. News has just reached Mrs. C. ■ Mc- Gaskell of the death of her husba'U by drowning'on the Pacific coast. Since™ -sympathy is extended to the widow aii 1 family. A. J. Carter, Dave Rees and Wm. Graham were visitors in Coleman the first part of this week. The McGillivray Mines were, idle three days last week and the International Mines have only worked one day this week so far. The Relief Society has arrangements made for another dance in the Opera House on Friday, Jan. 22nd. Classified Ads, -Gent a Word HOUSE FOR RENT—Four rooms; West Fernie. Apply, A. Luke, Ska 381. TOR -SALE CHEA-P-7-Two pair Iwavy Bob Sleighs, practically new. Apply, S. Graham, co., T«e 41 Meat Market, Fernie. ORGAN* -FOR SALE—Cheap, ply, G6, Chipman Avenue, Annex. Ap- Miners9 tion often follows a hard cold or cough because the lungs are weakened from inhaling tiny particles of dust] and because they work without fresh air. SCOTT'S EMULSION is the strengthening food-tonic thst every miner needs—Its nourishing power makes the blood rich and active; it peculiarly strengthens the lungs, makes healthy flesh and strong muscles. Inolmt on SOOTHS* 1-4-53 Scott & Uowne, Toronto, Ontario. ♦ ♦ BELLEVUE NOTES ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ To Mr. and Mrs. McCullock, 5.00 5.00 5.00 I M M « H 5.00 5.00 3.00 2.00 It.00 2,00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1,00 1.00 1.00 1.00 .50 1.00 2.00 I'.OO •Born a son. Capt. Marsh's recruits of Frank were visitors to the Bellevue rink on Monday, nud in apite of the renown they had won were vanquished by "Oil's" Invlnclbles, Bob Evans, of the Evan Bros, Livery Barn, met with a rather painful accident whilst coming from Xo. 2 mine. His horses shied and bolted, and Bob, unfortunately, in jumping, did not quite get clear, the wheels of bla waggon paaslng over his hand badly smashing it, We were a little out In our estimation of the number of days that we were likely to work, the mine only working two daya last week. It Is with considerable pleasure we record the advent In our midst ot Mr. Legg, who lias leaned the Workers' Hall for a picture palace. It Is apparent from the price of ndmlaalon that Mr, Legg appreciates the conditions here, for on MonJay night be donated the proceeds of two shows, which amounted to aomp IBO, fo the !/>cnl tor relief purpoaea. Pres. Barwlck, e%. preaaed hia thanks rrom the platform to Mr. Legge for hia generosity. Some of this burga' residents have received letters In a remarkable «t«t* of preaervatlon wbleb were recovered from the wrecked Kmpreaa of lr«»l»n<l, The regular meeting of Loc»l til will convene at Uie usual hour, when the Resolution Committee recommendations will ba discussed. Alao ♦ COLEMAN . ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ Wednesday evening a whist tournament took place between St. Albans and the ICnights af Pythias, the latter winning by a score of 199 to 197. Lunch was served during the evening. Coleman Hockey Club journeyed to Rellevue on Wednesday and defeated the locals by the score of 6 to 5 after nearly two hours' play. On Friday evening they had the Frank team as opponents at home, but Coleman easily outclassed them and won by the score of 8 to 3. The death took place early on Wednesday morning of Evelen Jean, at the age'or2»F^inTStirsras^h"fei^TTrrTa5d" Mrs. Wm. Burns, of West Coleman. Mrs. .1. Glendenning underwent an operation in the Miners' Hospital on Wednesday morning. * Coleman Aerie No. 1140, F. O. E., nominated the following officers at their regular meeting at the Eagles' Hall on Saturday evening: Worthy President—D. Rogers; Past Worthy Presldent—E. Barnes; Vice President —W. -Banks; Chaplain—W. Smith; Secretary—J. Beveridge; Treasurer— W. Thomson; Trustees—J. Stevenson, E. Parish, H.Decoste, Now, boys. THE Bellevue Hotel COMMERCIAL HOUSE Best Accommodation In the Pass.— Up-to-Oate — Every Convenience.— Excellent Cuisine. SUITABLE FOR LADIE8 AND GENTLEMEN il. A. CAL.LAN, Prop. BELLEVUE, Alt*. H. 6. GOODEVE GO. Ltd. ^he"Gomplete~House~Furnishers= of the Pass Hardware Furniture We will furnish your bouse from cellar to garret and at bottom prices. Call, write, phone or wire. All orders given prompt attention. If you are satisfied, tell others. If not satisfied, tsll us. Coleman Alberta i i ' r r. r. im The F. M. THOMPSON Co. The Quality Store Are offering at COST PRICE for Cash the following lines '**9^*»*<9*9r^**K*^**t*^*V*r**i***^W9*' rinrlag tba week. M. Itoaaltt t.«0 fleavsrltea. easing that the mill Is do-u,,,, MjtftjMI of delegates to the Ola. In* practically nothing, owing to there ,r|ct convention. A large ettendance being little encouragement to W-»• I u desirable. Inlc li* Uiilljtlna* hmmm frtt* <anmn Mm* ! i Jack Craftford. after a fraltleaa ■SMHS^RSBKWIWM" liil-f- Iii tnilldlti* horo for mm* Mm* W«- isearth for the "alnslve- lob haa re- About 11 o'clock on Monday evening»,„„„,,, t6 (j,|t -^^ of laat week, a dwelling house owned; mid formerly occupied it*t Jack H'iff, ■,+ + + + + + + + + + + + + near the railway weigh bridge, ll»aver, j^ ^ aot burned ont. For aboutthr-w- woekat^ COALHURST # tin, t.-nt-icn ■**■*« nttiitiitlfi** ***' i-l.'-imV HWVIn. tb* wtirln of tb* tl** 1* on Wi MKS"H ftWKATKR ('OATH, all this kmiikhi'x gowla? nil 'ai»* mul n full assortment of coloro, I'riiH'H from , $1.10 to $4.26 140 MKX'KOAIH aphrndM aawirtinant; ruirular *I.(K> <<> #1-75, now .... 75c. $1 and$1.26 JIKX'S IIKAVV NATUHAIj WOOIj lUIIHKD I'N'DKHWKAK. por varment 85c. STA.NTIKL1) Hoav.v Grey Wool WNUIvltWKAH, jht wr m $1.80 KUWK-LINKI) I'NDKHWKAH. |n»r -suil 05e. JIKN'H IIKAVV .MACKINAW mul HKIX COATS, from $3.66 SO SIB.VH All-wool StaRR MACKINAW SlIIHTSt tvir. *:i..'i(), Mi)K| ImmI.-hiv.!. , $2.40 15 hAWKH' HWKATKH t'rtATMj nnv.i, rh\v. Iin.wii ami maroon. Thia h^wm.'* good*. $1.46 to $3.20 60c up 10 Oiil.v I.ADIKS' nml MISHKH' COATS, twin TIh'hi* will Im« i-l-pnreil Mow <«oxt. CHIMIUKX'H YKMTNaiiiI lUIAWKUX. Irm.i \wr RiirmHit MISSUS' COM»!NATIONS fmiii INFANTS' AII-winiI Knit ROMPKItSi A,,,- ,\,t,U .•..!.,!«, in-n'ib. From , HOYS' |»nt|!.l<'.|.miKtf.l HKKFKIt COATS From .... Ml UOVS' St'lTS. Fnnn VI IWW**' **ttW xT|.'|>« ni t vmw -VTW ('r% *','v' ' ' Krmi — . I.ADIKS' WOOI, AVIATION CAPH mnl IIONNKTS, from $3.46 to $9.40 36c, ....06c. v«n Wtirin a ml jit*i what Buhy $1.10 , $2,45 $106 up to $400 e* , *t ttw •v a**.**** -uxru'tAriririOirijnnririfii-iOii-^'-irn ~i~ *■ a- " - ~ '** *"** "•mm-.mmmmmaa *«-*,,*» .*.»,*«»»»,■» . ^____ mm _>*_ ^b .^b ante an anv aik ^M^. an^ mbbb IH WALDORF Mr».S. Jennings Prop. L. A. Mills, Manager Have you oaten a la (Vuto at the Waldorf, over a hnmlred and fifty courwM ttt msleet from. Her vice Hay # Sight Buwnm Pfaui Imr Ictsi i0t.iari Biwinlt - ^r*mm mmtmt wbfwwtw*» ■* AmHoh Htt ItlM tt00par0*y known. Tbe ho*w» In aald tn be o inly .o'iihI by tn»ii'ance. Leeel Unlaw Notts The flrat retnlar meattn-t of th* above I ri-j-iT for *wr n r-in-ntti irtta b*ii< rn: Sunday tbe 10th 'ini. Tbe flrat bn«-« nesa wa* tbe election of a chairman, and Uro. D*ve Thomson was the unanimous choice for tbat office. Aatoagat '■**e****v**i****i*****i*tai^m****i*0*i***t*i**^ ♦ ♦♦♦♦♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦. The mine waa Idle on Tburaday and | Krtdey when the bolstini rope st xo. I abaft wns taken off and r*i»!»red ry ■i ttear nn* Itom—To «Mr, and Mrs. Thoma* Adsms. • daughter, January Srd. A "mini and dance waa held !n Uie Miners' I'nlon Hall Friday, January the eorrefpondenfe read wss a letter j»tb, nnder the auspices of :h» iMHnn fro»Hllleimtl4>ealreferrln«l«iioine|floelal Clab, when a rery pleasam friction ableheslats -wtwei-n the room•ji-ti-nlna *n» Mijoywl t» ttw iv,mty bera aad the medlnal attendanl, end|eo«pl#« preteet. alio stating that It rait tbe i«Ml fjan t Tnesda), Jsno*r>- ith. »»• nstaim. ta mnt a brother member who waa aadlr lajared to »peetalliU la Mian., Vt. 8. And further, tbat they wonld have to spend a similar amount la aead aaatber brother who la ertpplwt 3''-', *>t.l**i llttl> .> MxtJu^ai ttm 4 blM Come right tlonf tml Wii-.v .•«.-.) A33 it**.: IVMUlXXriiKi*,,.*** Tha above ar* ill clean, now Stock, bnt we have too many nukiyonr own choice. Bay at COST PRICE POR OA8H. MKN'S. LADIKS'. HOYS'. MISSKS*. Hml CHILDS' SIIOKS »i V* IW <vt,i H-ifn-tiim for liiiliiHi-i' of iitinitli. Tlu** iiiehi-ilf->»jih< iii'vv S|iri»tf \*\nv**. MKN'S ami IW»VH' Oil Tan HIIOKI'Al KS. fro.w MKN'S IIKAVV RI'IIIIKRH. From $1.40 to $1.76 $1,66 tion alfbt with Udge 106.1. O. O, I*. There waa • Innte atleadaaee ef -mem- ben pw-aent a!»l after th-f Inain'.lml.iit -"uromoriy the craning wa» a|i>»i«t »•! epeeebes. songa aad recitations. Phone 25, BLAIRMORE, Alta. The Store That SAVES You Money y,...., i, *,, -. *'.-, i -i\ rxM^wismmimmmMMmmK^^ *»**. **-,*,*A9 ^~-»^»i*~-.. :—5 • u-M-Mj.imc* Sid-UWP Page SEX TBE DISTRICT LEDGER, FERHIE, B. C, JANUARY 16,1916. Explosion Experiments in the Experimental Mine By L. ■M. Jones, Engineer, U. S. Bureau of 'Mines Two series of explosion tests in the Experimental mine have now been completed. The first series,' consisting of flo test?, has been described in -Bulletin N'o. 5C\ of the Bureau of -Mines. This series consists principally of demonstration tests, a group of tests in which coal dust zones of increasing length were used, and tests for-the determination of the most desirable adjustment of instruments. The series was, therefore, in ithe nature of a preliminary study of the development of coal dust explosions and methods of obtaining records of the pressures and velocities. The principal results of these tests was the knowledge galnefl that'large scale coal-dust explosion tests could be obtained by firing a blowout shot of black powder into coal dust, that high- pressures would result from explosions developed in coal dust zones of only 500-700 feet, and that the Taffanel or open shelf type of rock dust barrier ■wan effticeut in stopping -violent explosions. Extension of Mine and Equipment. Most of tbe second series of tests were made from July, 1&13, to July, 1914. At the beginning of this period, the mine had been extended so that the length of the main entries was 1,300 feet long, lOOtfoot stub had been driven to the west from the main entry* 775 feet from the opening, and a pair of butt entries driven 200 feet east from the aircourse at points 850 and 900 feet from the opening. Large instrument stations for recording pressure manometers1 had been built at 200- foot intervals along the main entry and small flame circuit breaker stations at tbe 100-foot intermediate points. The pressure recording, equip ment has been increased to six manometers, three Taffanell and three British, and an automatic gas sampling device developed. During the year, additional instrument stations were -constructed in the aircourse and an offset made in the north rib of the 1,250 cut<through, equidistant from the parallel to the entry and aircourse. In some tests shots were fired from this -blind entry, the symmetrical arrangement of entries aad-r-eeordingstatior.s-perntRUng-coin parison of the development of explos sions on the Intake and return airways. During the latter part of the year, an instrument to record the direction of the air movements during the pro- giese of the explosion was deve-opci aod many interesting records obtain- " ed with it. Ctaasiflcation of Teats From July, 1913, to July. 1914, over 100 explosion tests were made. Much valuable information was obtained In regard to tbe following subjects: 1. .The Initiation and development of coal dust explosions. 2. -The efficiency of shale and lime- ston$ duat-in -checking propagation and preventing tbe Initiation of explosions, 3. The determination of the -highest percentage of ehale and limestone dust, wliich mixed with Pittsburg coal duet would permit the Initiation of nn explosion. 4. The determination of the limiting mixturo wblch would permit propagation of an explosion, initiated In a 504oot ooal dust cone, alao In a 300- foot ooal dust zone. 5. Determination of similar limiting mixtures for coal from districts other thaa the Plttaburg. 8. Tbe effect of small percentages of gaa la aaalatlng In initiating an explosion through a cone of dust which otherwise was non-explosive. 7. Hffect of ventilating current on dftVAlopmont of an exploaton, I. The Increased facility with wbleb mixtures of shale and ooal dust ean be wetted over tbe unmixed coat dust. ft. Development of rock dust bar riers for checking explosions. Effort to Standardize Tests The first part of the experimental period was taken up ia inalcing tests with "various starting conditions to determine which were most efficient in giving uniform results. The determination of such conditions was very important in order that it might be possible to so standardize t'-n test3 as to pernjit the production w.'th reasonable accuracy of results when certain prearranged conditions ob-'.ameii. If this result was attained, comparisons could be made with greater certainty when any one ot the .standard conditions was changed. During the first part of this period the mine was very damp, but it was determined to attempt to obtain coal dust explosions even under these conditions. It was found: that there was no difficulty in obtaining sucn explosions if the dust on che side shelves was, dry. The pressures, however, were consistently low so tests with many variations in starting conditions were made to determine the most effective combination. One of the arrangements tried was firing of permissible explosives at two or three pdints near the origin, a few seconds before firing the igniting shot, so as to have a ready-made dust cloud when teh blowout shot was fired. In some tests two cannons were used to initiate the explosions, being so situated as to cross fire. Loaded cars wer placed at intervals along the entry to act as obstructions. Coal dust was loaded in the 1,250 cut-through so that the pressure resulting from its ignition would tend to prevent, in part, tne release of pressure from entry to air- course until the explosion had gotten well started in the main entry. While some of these factors undoubtedly assisted in obtaining higher pressure, explosion N'o. 42, for instance, vith dust in the out-through and cars,.as obstructions, developed 56 pounds per square Inch 600 -feet from the origin, yet all of these auxiliaries were finally abandoned as being unnecessary, since when cold weather dried out the mine, more violent fxploslons with greater uniformity in results ware obtained. Standard Adopted . The final arrangement adopted as standard was to place the cannon on "thc~flooiT"Tnake"the~ignition~»hortonr pounds of PFP black powder, tamiped w.th three pounds of clay stemming, to place 25 pounds of coal dust on floor boards for 16 feet in front of cannon and to distribute dust at the rate ot two pounds per foot on side shelves throughout the coal dust zone. These conditions seemed to give more tint, form results than any other arrangement. The flame from the standard charge of four pounds of black powder stemmed with three pounds of clay ts from 10 to 15 feet In length and of short duration. When coal dust ia plac-rd on a bench in front of the cannon, It Is -blown from the bench by the shot and extends the flame from 75 to 125 feet. The ahock wave from the "flint nr the first dust ignition, travels away through all available passages at a velocity averaging about 1,160 feet per second. Thia wave, Its reflections from obstructing surfaces, the move* mont of gases from the shot and burning coal dust, and the eddy currents resulting, at' atlr up the coal duat from the shelves and the Inflammation ad- vwioes through the resulting cloud Thia action -continues, coal duat being continually blown up in a cloud tn front of the flame by the advance pres- sure or "pioneering" wnvo and air movements. At flrat tbe advance of tha flame M comparatively stow. In explosion No. 65, which la a more or leaa typical conl dust explosion under tbe standard conditions aa outlined above, tha flame record IfcO feet from the origin was obtained 1.05 seconds after the shot waa fired. The velocity iu tbe next 200 feet increased to 775 feet per second in the following 200 feet. Tbe maximum pressures developed were 19 pounds per square inch and 64 pounds per square inch at points 350 and 550 feet from the origin. The explosions with pure coal dust have usually been stopped 600 feet from the origin. The records obtained indicate increasing pressures as the explosion advances through the coal dust zone, and it was thought not advisable to. subject the ni-lne to higher .pressure than -those obtained at the 600-foot point, lest -the resulting damage be too great. Result from Retonation Waves A Ktu.iy of the curves from test.*; ot this k.r-d reveal 'pressure wa,'es running hack toward the origin, from points of higher pressure outby. Oftentimes the pressure recorded from those waves, termed retonation waves, are higher than the pressures due to the original explosion when it passed tho same poiuts. In some of the explosion effects which at first thought seemed very curious and not readily explained, were caused by these waves. For instances, in one test, two loaded cars at point 300 and 225 feet from the face were thrown in the op- pi/s'tt) direction from tlie main explosion wave and were foi nd after t'.;o explosion side by side at the faco of the entry. On o;hor occasions the cannon has beeu almost burled undtr a pile of wood fragments, coal r.nd slate. An investigator entering a strange mine and seeing such a place might readily cdnclude that the explosion could not have been started from the point it had. The usual experience in observing from the surface the appearance at the openings of an explosion has been that the first evidence was a rattling of the steel plates on the explosion door section of tbe fan connection and an opening of the shaft doors. -About the same time a putf of dust is seen at the main opening. If the explosion is of pure coal dust, even though it has been checked some distance in from the opening, almost Immediately after, tbe first puff a strong outrush of smoke and dust occurs, accompanied by a sharp crack. There is an inrush of air into the -mine after the main outrush: "~IH«fuSentlTn~rhTmlneT»Uo!wTor responding'percentage when the ignition zone was 300 feet long. . Both, puJverlaed:.*flwile, ground- from the draw :slater above the -Pittsburgh seam and 'containing 6 to 10 per cent combustible -matter, and .pulverized limestone were ..used in these mixtures. It was found that in the case In which no coal' dust ignition zone was used a 60 per cent shale dust mixture and a 50 -per cent limestone dust mixture would permit propagation, but a *0 per cent shale and 60 per cent limestone would not ' A 70 per cent shale mixture averages a*bout32-33 per cent -combustible., matter while a 60 per cent limestone mixture corres- ponds to about 36 per cent combustible matter. In the 50 toot ignition zone series with mixed dust loading for 300 feet cut both entries, propagation was obtained through a mixture of 70 shale and 30 coal. With tlie 300 foot zone of 80 per cent shale (explosion tests Nos. 92 and 941 and 75 per ceijt limestone (explosion Xo. 102) corresponding -to 26.5 and 23 per cent Qf combustible matter respectively, did not permit propagation to the end of the zone. The combustible matter in the shale is Included in these percentages of total combustible, for the experiments seemed to indicate that the inflammability of the mixture depends on the total combustible rather ihan on merely- the combustible In the coal. A later set of experiments, using a shale with only 1% per cent combustible matter, has shown that tt can be contaminated with a proportionately larger percentage of coal dust before losing its effectiveness as a checking agency. It is, therefore, very deslra-ble In rock dusting to choose a material having a very low combustible content. Comparison of Pressures ~ The difference In influence of a 70 per cent shale and 30 per cent, coal dust mixture which permits propagation and an 80 per cent shale and 20 per cent coal dust mixture, which does not, can be shown by comparison of pressures obtained at various instrument stations. A 70 per cent shale arid -30 per cent coal dust mixture was used,in test No. 95 and an 80 per cent shale and 20 per cent coal dust mixture In test No. 94, both tests having a 300 foot coal dust ignition zone, ln test No. 95 the pressure at B.7-50, 250 feet outby the coal dust zone was 24 pounds; this increased to 25 pounds at 15-550 and 41 pounds at E-350. .In test No. 94 a pressure of 27 pounds at E-950 50 feet outby the coal dust zone decreased to 15 .pounds at E-750, and nine pounds at B.-550. The flame struggled along for several hundred feet beyond the last point given and died away. In these tests the dust was placed on side shelves and where the ffl* «r* '■*■>* m* «• f$M Getting Out of thc Rut The merchant who conducts hit busineM according to the method of the lait century la not giving hia customers the service they ire entitled ww. ***■*. *t>uu <**i uie uow utuuuy ie iu ttt* towie than to merely turn goods over at a profit. It to to really earn that profit by giving real service, accommodation and reliable advice. The modern merchant must know his goods thoroughly and what is best adapted to every household requirement, That class of merchant invariably sdvertisea. That fs the one sure teat of his being abreast ef the times. the detection ot direction of movement of the air currents and streamers hung from the main opening have shown only outward movement of the air current from the time of tbe shock wave, until the main explosion has pn»8ed tbe point at which the detectors were placed. After the explosion haa passed a point, though, the retention waves bave caused th* detectors to show inward movements. Preventing Explosions After satisfactory ignition arrange, ments bad boen determined and aome knowledge gained aa to the development of an explosion through a pure coal duat zone, a period ot experimentation dealing with preventing Initiation and propagation of explosion was begun. The determination o-f the efficiency of using rock duat as a preventive of checking meana and tbe degree to which -the rock duat could be con. fnmtnated with coal duat before losing Ita effectiveness, waa the purpose ot the tests. While It Is conceded tbat an efficiently maintained watering method for malting coal duat Inert-gives very satlafactory resulta, tbe uae ot rock duat seamed to have aome -great advantages. The period of time In whleb there 4a comparative security la much greater after rock d«at tmt. ment than alter watering. In -sold weather naturally dry entries must be watered practically every day to be kept In satlafactory condition. Even where exhaust steam la turned Into tbe Intake -it ia uoennmry io give entries beyond tbe tone In which -ntlat ta carried by tbe air current, more or leaa supplementary watering. If tb* watering falls to ba dona ror a faw daya sufficient drying out of tha duat may result aa to pat tbe mine In a dan- geroaa condiUon. On the other band tba coating of rack deal will remain efficient for a -considerable period, as- cept ia those litem where there Is eseesslve toss ef coal from cara. Tbe aeenmelatlon ot coal dast oa tba rortt dost Is easily sees by th* dlfreroat rotor particularly If limestone duat ta naed aad so the approach toa dan. geroaa dust condition readily recognised. There ia aaotber strong advantage ia tbat tba coating of rock dast lightens up the mine, having much tbe aame effect as a costing of white- artah IWimti* *t tb*** a4b*aeln**e pressures ere low not much of the dust Is blown off, so that the full quenching effect of the high shale dust is not obtained. In later tests dust was placed' on cross Bhelvea and a larger portion wao thrown into the air. reaultlng in quicker quenching action. Limiting Mlxturea with Other Coal Dust A few experlmenta were made in dust from districts other tban the Pittsburg, to determine the limiting mlxturea of ahale and -ooal. On account of tbe fact that it was believed tbat tbe coal ribs and roof of the mine gave up enough material in the explosions to possibly affect the limits In some of these testa, the Inner 350 feet of tbe mine baa been coated with cement by tfie cement-gun thts summer. .This will insure in future tests of this character that the results obtained are due entirely to the duat be* lngv tested. Effect of Gaa A few experlmenta weer made In wbleb 114 to 2 per -cent of gas waa preaent In tba air current. The gas waa turned Into tbe fan from a natural gas line snd teats with safety lamps and* nnalysee of samples taken before the expl-oalon Indicated tbat satisfactory mixing bad been obtained. The ef. feet of the pa waa to Increase tbe speed of an explosion and to permit propagation of flame through dusts whleb otherwise would not suataln propagation. An addition of 20 per cent shale to em dw»t with 'Mjv'.ch experiment* were made decreased tbe Inflammability to siieh an extent that the propagation of the flame through the sos* waa not obtained, notwithetandlng tho shot was fired lato a tf-foot tone of the pure coal dost When a atmlltar abot was fired into a somewhat loafer son« of pure dost, and % to % per cent of gas turned into the nlr -current, propagation of tbe flame throughout a 40 abate and SO -Mai duat none wss obtained and pressures amounting to 1 to 10 pounda recorded la the entry aad aircourse at the ends of a SS0 foot ex. plosion eon*. Mattltariy another dost tested did not permit propagation, Imt when test, ed in tbe presence of 114 to 3 per cent nf gaa, propagation was obtained througlWH-vt the etSoi dwat mot nub nrateaoreo nt ttm to elf (mend* obtain- com-parison of different -teste to determine -the effect o-ta particular factor is not always-satisfactory. .In. the case of tbe ventilating current, by using'the offset from 1,250 -out-through as the initiating .point and taking advantage of the symmetrical arrangement ot entry and aircourse, it was .possible to obtain in the same explosion a comparison of the effect off the intake and return air current. In test No. 120 arrangements were made to fire the shot from this offset, the dust dis tribution in entry and aircourse -being symmetrical. The air current with a velocity over 850 feet per minute was intaking on main entry and returning on the aircourse. This arrangement permitted a direct comparison of the development of explosion in the entry where the air current was traveling against the explosion and in the aircourse where it was travelling with the explosion. There were slightly higher pressures obtained in the entry and somewhat greater velocity of flame in aircourse, but the differences were so small that if the ventilating current had any effect, It was negligible as far as the development'ot the explosion was concerned. -The probable reason the air current has'a negligible effect -is that by the time the explosion starts, the normal ventilating current has been deranged by the effect of the shock. The expansion of gases from the shot and the shock wave causes a movement of the air current away from the shot, the pressure from- the shot being so much greater than the ventilating current pressure that the latter is negligible. By the time the explosion gets under way the -movement of air is away from the origin of the explosion. This point has'lieen verified by records obtained with the air current detector in the experimental explosions. The condition of the air current before the explosion, therefore, is of negligible Effect. Effect of Shale in Assisting in Wetting Coal A very Interesting effect of mixing shale dust with coal dust was noted during the progress of the experiments: While coal dust is wetted with great difficulty it was noted that the contrary was true of mixed dust. In distributing the dust, the fall of some of it into a wet place in the floor was always almost Immediately followed by the moisture spreading throughout the mixed dust. Laboratory tests were made to determine the capillary attraction of various -mixtures of coal and shale and it was found that while coal bad no absorbing effect, the absorption power of the -mixture increased more than .proportionately with the -percentage of shale. It, therefore, follows; that the distribution of shale dust tn connection with watering system* will gl-pmHy .Inir-r-Annp the* faiyjHty wl-H; fier were accidentally tripped by*'some one they would not be seriously" injured by its operation, •■'•'■ 7" •-/ ■A publication giving the detailed description of the yarlbus barriers has been prepared and in ail .probability will be -published during the5 winter, in the meantime, information concerning them will giadiy^he*furnLsbed vy the. Bureau to any requesting it. • .'? To sum up, brief ly, the best-methods for preventing propagation of coal dust explosions from the originating point as indicated -by the" knowledge'"gained1 from experimental explosions and field investigations, are as.follows:- ■That after coal dust has been thoroughly removed from, the -mine' roads as is possible, the remainingdust be rendered inert hy .efficient-wate*^-, ing methods, by a combination of rocH, dusting and watering, or. hy rock dust;, ing alone. Tlie efficiency of the watering method can be checked by exa-m-, Inatlon of walls, timbers and floor,'to' note whether all dust' is thoroughly'' wetted. The common test of squeezing the d-uqt iu the hand to determine whether it will ball is very useful in this connection. The efficiency of the rock dusting must be determined from time to time by taking samples for analysis; the percentage of incombustible matter, including -moisture and ash of auch samples, should be less than 80 .per cent. This will give a reasonable margin ot safety-. With coal less Inflammable than Pittsburgh, the percentage df incombustible dust can be less. It will be necessary to make tests on'such coals to determine their relative inflammability. To supplem-^it these methods some form of rock dust barriers should be. installed at the entrance of all ventilating splits or sections of ithe mines and at selected points on the main haulage entries 1,000 to 1,200 feet apart. If then an explosion should become initiated, and through incomplete rock dusting or watering, be propagated along the mine roads, the dust" barriers will Insure the confinement of the explosion to a comparatively small district, and thus protect the men working in other parts of the mine. MODEL OF COKE PLANT FOR PANAMA EXPOSITION ' The H. C. Frick Coke Company has completed a remarkable working model of one of Its coke plants ln the Con- nellsvllle region to augment the exhibits of the United States Steel Corporation at the Panama-Pacific Exposition. The model is a replica of the Phillips plant of the company and snows the mine tipples, power plant and boiler houses, machine shops and lamp -bouses and even the bath house for the miners. Don't neglect every-day injuries to which children are subject. A "Httle^'ln. jury if neglected may lead to serious complications. A small cut or scratch neglected jney mean blood, poison; lind may result in the loss of an arm or leg.and sometimes of a life. Why take chancer? Apply Zam-Buk na aopn as .injuries or skin diseases occur. Zam-Buk: quickly kills all germs, stops the bleeding, prevents, suppuration and blood poison, and heels quickly. * s Mrs. J. E. Bierwlrth. of Carnduff, Suk„ WrKfe^'My ' mo cut the end off hta pnsjer. Zam-Buk stopped tbe bleeding sod gave him"such reji-ri tbat be ceased crying, I decided te see if Zsm-Buk would .Mat the wound, and continued Oiing nothing but Zsm-Bult.^ Complete cure resulted." ■ ■ Uie 2u»-a«k fer caU, V«JlU.>l"nt hnl***, ecstai. tlltt, ceM.smkcMI<» m4 lilnlcd. . RefttM stMlltHl-W. --M* bum *'2ia.iuk"'M t-ruitancinet. ,ZM»-ltf"a-» •! AU 4iaitUU »•* •tw-tf-jS 9-Htkiet. %jm mm needsm I tt waa dMded ta expertinwit with tb» I *d HO feat trom th* origin. one of roett deal te obtain definite Information aa to Its efficiency. tmeieney ef Reef Oeet Tba first question taken op waa, lo *tb*1 *n**m -wmM lh* m*b dwt* h*- come contaminated with coal dost before tbe miitnro woald permit aa la- It tat ion or propagation of an explosion. Thi'ee series of testa were {banned te obtain tbla Information, flrat, to determine whet waa the highest pet* rreniagf-i ol In-mmViastUnVe dast miked wltk the fttfsiort eeel tmt wMei weald permit tgattkm by tto* ataad- results of tbnm tne preaeaee o« gaa. oven in email which the dust is wetted and, therefore, the efficiency of tbls method ot rendering tbe coal duat inert. Testa of ftoek Dust Barrier*. - Five tyipes of rock dust barriers, invented by Mr. Rice, chief mining engineer of the Bureau of Mines, and (n charge ot this Investigation, Were designed tind developed during the year and four of these have been tested, out and in their final -form have had no failures. The purpose of the barriers Is to furnish supplementary protection at various points in tbe mine to tbe watering or rock dusting method of rendering coal duat Inert. The devices should be Installed at tbe entrance to splits,.panels or -sections of mine ao that In the event tbat an explosion should occur and through inefficient watering or rock dueling be propagated from the originating point, the barriers would check it, confining Its effect to the particular section in which it occurred. In many of the large explosions, the explosion haa paaaed from one part of a mine to another through a elngle connection and killed many men in the section beyond. The barriers are particularly suited for connections of tbla character fur- nlahlng protection to either side of the mine from explosion which might occur In the other side. In designing tbem, tbe purpose hae been to make tbem as simple aa poeaalble and of suoh character tbat the parte oould easily he mad* In the ordinary mind carpenter and blacksmith -shoo, Tbe barrier* ate bmnn nn tbe concentrated barrier, the bet barrier, the reck duat protected ventilator door, the roekduat etopplng and tte roak- dost overcast The requirements wblch the barriers folW ara aa follows: 1. A large mass of radi dost, two o five tone, ta held la seek peeltloa that the advance wave of the eapkv alon cause* tbe deet to be thrown ism tbe entry, forming a dense daet dead. The ftaaw of the etpfcwlon le eatla- gnlabed irhea It penetrates the eland Mttyr at the situation of tba barrier or a abort dtotanee beyond. 2. Tbe barrier mast be operated by low pressure, alow-moving etptoaton*. No dUtU-uiiy la eaiierieaeed la i ping the violent, higb-vetoclty espto- stoas ter tiawy bteek op any type ef ■i-h-ret otmteloi** *wrt th********* **** ■Ama* in the air. bertnntne etttnaaileb-M I tberabr; bat In tbe slew moving «t*t In addition the model displays two banks of ovens, different in type, and the little larrys that supply them with coal from -the mine*. The best feature of the model \n that it wilt show actual operations. "The wheels go round," the officials say, and this hold* attention to the general display. The work of building the model haa been an extensive task, occupying aome months and representing an outlay of about 110,000. This coke exhibit,will,be, included with another display by the Steel Corporation, which will give demonstrations of its safety-first campaign, showing various methods addpted- to -prevent accidents to Its workmen, IfwlU also have a lot of moving -picture films tor free showing that will illustrate the methods of mining and-skipping Irou ore from the Lake Superior iegioas ro the blast furnaces In Plttirtwmg mills. The entire exhibit wilt be built largely u.nontJiftofirnofaHnnflftH'gt*>|*a« l-^pit*"- burgh.—Ex. The capitalist press denottaees tbe agitator, but these organs that pay tribute to the dollar forget ihat the Ported Man was an agitator, that Patrick Henry waa an agitator and that Phillips. Garrison and Brown wane agitators wboae aentlmenta awakened men to the possibility of Liberty. When men cease to agttate, the human race will become a corpse. D 00 O you ever consider the importance of the use of stationery that is in harmony with the nature of your business? In many' cases your letterhead is considered as an index of your business character, hence the necessity of a good printer. 00 ptreeauge*. therefore, Inereaaee the I plosion* or lafteausatloBs, the opeeat-i poa*»Sb91Ity of obUlsia* ptetagatloa sad In mlnea 4a which gaa Aay be found, tine p#r*eet*m ot anal* dast bm* Alkali '^M^A-lfe ^u^m£^*-**a -MMsfltmA j—^^^^^a j-^ . mtatfaik^. in wiw roew otsivr mum* inm w mgn* er thaa the peretatagea given heretofore, tffeet ef Vant Hat lag Current denetdereMe variation has been made ta the veatltatlag eerreat Is Om *«{*rit»*ntt, Mnny ot tbe tent* bave (natniair.* ttadyeftke aid Weweet ehot; second, what wa* th* eamefwadtag peee-tat-age which erewtd allow aropateUoe ef aa asplo- ttobbbw ■wmm**^*^9b^bmi -Hi -m Oaot^mo sa**ws^**a m^psswpi ^w^ Cast leeg, aad third, what wae tbe tor* bm Sattodj to *bow thai the velocity of Ik* atree*- wn> ywfiwi it ivi VmSWPMW mm irpi any perUsaler effect T**ro ate ea smsy fectoie which isliUt tsthieaoe ef aa essleelsa thet e^mpp *we*^Wr^^^n^a^**^^^m mw^-^Pw' -tfbr nm* m^^Q'^^moinmrwf adjeated that the device wtH net fall te •mteret* ttm lh* evrfatiAm -ma* m*v or under it snd propegata beyond. ^* vWIggp^V^-^MWaMP aBH^W* t^t ImdHaV W have seam deet retained la seek a aaaltlaa Ikat If Ik* film* I* una alder qpap^rww^mreo ammeow *••• ip^bw w*^mm^^mr mi* ^^ai^^^tmaawarai aWy behind tke advaaee wave, whteb eaewtee tke banfer. tMs dast win hi ■arnfa^a w i^ wm^* *m*rw w^^aa* w i^^rp p an****** -a^^^^^w ^ vn ***^e •vniU'rti-n to eoaUane the etas-A forma- ga^ui^ ^^^m ^^^^atttta^^tm^mt^tb SilbJ^ jmad^atg^^dtt ■ttimmmmimmn^ 4, tm dam ceetateere mam te ea- dry -at an Manas. *. in tlm ease'el' toa wanted heritor aad bee tattled It "tMa aesseeary tf tho her- If you want really high class printinr-th* Irtnif we always produce-try us with your next order y saasssz The District Ledger "QUALfTr PRINTERS Phone 48a :•: Fernie, B.C. I THE DISTBICT LEDGEB, FERNIE, B. C, JANUARY 16, 1915. Skates, Sticks, Pucks Inkle Supports etc. If CURLING Rocks and Brooms '": Best quality only Snowshoes j) In great variety •««*-*****-*-"^"—«*^—■ J, D. QUAIL Hardware and Furniture- Thone 37 FERNIE - B. C. -Ms. U;t; and;' ? '' r ' j Only Genuine Page SEVEN /% First - Aid Hospitals '■ -t* ' - - y.,'- ; In Coal Mines. LABOR AND THRIFT ■^■s**-^"- Beware of Imitations ■W? ^B^lsoid on the pej^GtS.pm|l Merits of fiKUNIMEil nemS01 "•LIMITED — MM Wfinapfl c LS.* JMm Liniment A. Macnell S. BanwJtl MACNEIL & BANWELL Barristers, Solicitors, Notaries, Etc. Offices: Ground Floor, Bank of Hamilton Building . Fernie, B. C. Full supply of following for an appetizing meal to choose from. Beef, Pork, Mutton Poultry, Butter ; and Eggs ..Try om* Cambridge Saus- ajes^Tor tomorrowlTTireak- fast. CALL OR PHONE Calgary Cattle Co. Phone SS Wood Street FERNIE. B. C. X *. C. Laws v Alax. I. Rahei t ' LAWE A FISHER ATTOBNBT8 Fernie, B, C. We Are Ready to Scratch oft you* bill any item ot lumbar aot found Just as we represented. Thara is no hpcus pocus in This Lumber Business Wheo-you want spruce we do not «end you hemlock. When you buy first-class lumber we don't slip ia a lot of culls. Those who buy once from •is always come again. Those who have not yet made our acquaintance ire taking chances they wouldn't en- counter If they bought their lumbar P. Carosella Wholesale Liquor Dealer ommomtmmattmomemmaemamanatmmmm Dry Goods. Groceries, Boots aad Bboea. Gents' Furnishings ■mmmmmmmmtmmmtmmr^mammatmmaam BAKER AVENUE BRANCH AT HOSMER, B.C. liare. ■■ . ' KENNEDY & MANGAN — Dealers In — cumber. Lath, Shingles, Sash and Doors. SPECIALTIES—Mouldings, Turnings, Brackets, and Detail Work OFFICE AND YARO-MePherson ave. Opposite Q. N. Depot. P.O. Box 22, Phone 23. By D. H.-Lake, M.D., Chief-Surgeon Kingston Ooal Company, Kingston, Pa. 'Thq establishment of mine hospitals in the anthracite mines came about through the enactment of a law for the purpose in '1901. -Section 1 of this law reads as follows: "Be it enacted . ., . that within six months after the passage of this law it shall be unlawful "to operate any anthracite -mine employing ten men or more, in the State of (Pennsylvania, unless said mine ia provided with a sufficient quantity of. linseed or olive oil, ban d'ages, line, splints, woolen and waterproof blankets. Said articles shall be stored in a room erected at a convenient place in the miue, which room shall not be less than 8 x 12 feet, and sufficiently furnished, lighted, clean, and ventilated; so that therein medical treatment may be given injured employes in case of emergency. The furnishings shall be sufficient to accommodate two or more persons ih a reclining and sitting posture." Section 2 of the law states that "It shall be the duty of the mine foreman or his assistants, In case of Injury to any employe by explosion of gas or powder, or by any cause, while said miners .are at work in said mines, to at once visit tiie scene of accident, see that the injured is carefully wrapped In" woolen-blankets and removed to the medical room and so treated with oils or other remedies ns will add .to the comfort and care of the patient. After being treated with all the skill known to the foreman or his assistants, the injured person shall he carefully wrapped up and sent to the surface, to be taken home in au ambulance or to the mining hospital, as may be desired, without expense to the injured party." It Is' perhaps only just to state that prior to the enactment of this law some of the companies, notably the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western and the Delaware & Hudson companies, had established a system of first aid Instruction, and It is likely that the value of such instruction later attracted the attention of the State Legislature, which ln May, 1901, passed the law known as the Emergency-Hospital Act, just fifteen months after the instruction of the -mine foremen and their assistants of the Lackawanna company had been inaugurated' In the per first aid treatment at the scene of accident. A similar improvement is also to be noted in injuries where life is not at Btake. The -men are now mucn more comfortable when they reach us, and infection of -v mods'anil other com-plications are much less frequent than formerly. 1 feel quite certain aside from the humanitarian value of the work, it affords a great cash saving to the companies by making the re,su!*s of accidents that do occur as slight as possible. t J. M. Wainwright. WHkes-fJarre, July 10, 1911. Dr. D. II. Lake. Dear Dr. Lake,—Replying to yours regarding miners' injuries, at the Wilkes-Barre City Hospital are these; Fratftures are frequently found so well reduced that an X-ray examination justifies no disturbance; open wounds have sterile dressings applied, and infection is thereby "prevented; bleeding vessels are well controlled by skillfully applied tourniquet; burns are usually well treated, though some of the hospital attendants state that oily or greasy applications are not as good as dry picric acid dressings. Dr. A. .1." MaeKea, superintendent VVilkes- Darre City Hospital, the interns on duty, and the surgeons iu charge justify these- conclusions. When 1 compare these results with those we had in olden times when injured men were brought in without any dressings at all, or those of the crudest character, when simple frae- \ hires became compound in transit, < when men died of hemorrhage in the; ambulance, when shock from untreated burns scalds, and other Injuries were greatly Intensified, I am convinced' that the instruction given ln the first aid is well worth t-he time, trouble and.cost of the undertaking. HOSPITALS IN 80UTH AFRICAN MINES KING'S HOTEL Bar supplied with the hmt Wines Liquors and (%«r« DINING ROOH.IN OONNKCfl'lON Hotel Central Large Airy Rooms fc Good Board Ross Brothers &2& W MILLS, Prip Femie-Fort Steels Brewing Co,, Ltd, Beer and Porter Bottled Soods i Specialty WWkSflBPWIIUL U UUBIU U1"!!.UHJW"UB—Jt List of Locals District 18 w tnt 411 mat tw stiff iu; ttm •wilt* \m -ttm mt *.'.** Name tea. out P. 0. -Mamas .»'. Wkeauty, fiaakaaa*. Alia. !*•••*»* HMIVTVWi tmt t*tt un iwt f Ittttttmno *ww» Ihrnrit *t* t*te*n*ea tit* Iain* fkarfce. Hat St. nanawa. Alt*. ******i* * * * * WM. AfwHWf WBWMWHS** AIM ' % *, * * o * o * * * * * * * • * tt* fl« If AfffWf WWSwSnfc AitP ^wa-Mtpttmmmttmomttb o -i b o o b i aa nom mo a^oamm^^^mtmt mtm^m^^m^m^mw*^^ mtm^-^m^^^^^mo^ tmmwmo «_*—^-^^^ tll-,-^^^1 W&mmtmum t^mmi^^mm JLIi* UVOTMVWa • ****#a ***•». n* MWmmmW tn-WUWWmo WMMMfWp (Mli» «Wtfwvftft . I. JftfcMiQtt. €^4m*a. Ah*, cwmu#*•****•*••••*•« icOirttti* oovMia R.C/ farak. -. ....Tko* UpfcUl, Ptrato. ft. C ■Fraafc..... ,„,.», ,.Kraa llorgaa. Fraaa, Alta. ttttttttnt.»»«**i...... t*«llMll flMtfliM?, HwIWWt» AUO* btmmmmtn.,...,,•..... ** liaaf^ iTai wiaai &,*tmtm, ^» -MaRMWapa l/wViU>*^f* C*«4l-*i»TUM...,*^fmi*a ^afiiagliiuHi, Cm&bmm Alia. ■HtpMI wWI"*■ *#******>*tn**vi* W« WwVfvWr rllHMWr*S*» #»■• .!. _i- —a n^-^^L u4-^i*i ik a I < ****** a ninRiiv niviw* xiiawwb ™- w^ mat* a* a a* Wn «« fW9fiM^ AMMWf^ IMw IplWIV i • * * * t ■> > * < 9 ■**.».»-» Ai ^SR'lW^KNl'i iNSiti mtm-m** <:*ett*'o*>%. r*a«arf ...Uak nud»r. Oaargatawa. -Onbtrnm, AJtt. ttnsmm Worn fat. Ikwafcer. Norteit, tta Hoeiy Mtwatain llmma* XtmriM. tt wmrmmmi-e inwwt mm** Kingston district. From that time on the work has been gradually system allzed until today all coal companies operating anthracite mines take an active Interest In ihe work of rendering Intelligent first aid to the Injured-. - 4VTiile the law prescribes the size of the underground hospital. I have seen but one as small as. the requirements. Many are frm 8 to 12 feet high, and 12 feet wide by 14 feet long. The floors are of cement, and the walls are cither painted white or whitewashed. All are equipped with stretchers, tabl- on anil chairs, hot aud cold water, and most of them are electrically lighted. I.arge tin boxes, or cupboards, mado Into the solid wall contain the surgical dressings, splints, and medicines needed for the immediate care of tlie injured, *. In addition to the maintenance of the mine hospital, moat of the companies have Installed mine rescue stations, fully equipped with oxygen helmets, such as the Draeger rescue apparatus and the pulmotor. After explosions in the mines, men trained tn the use of theae apparatuses enter a mine filled with noxious gases In que«t of tit-air fellow-workmen ove/eom* by Ihe vitiated air. Recent Invention* have given na safety electric lamps supplied from storage batteries, which aro used In exploring gaseous places. Throughout tha anthracite regtou »*e have had recently tbe annual first aid contests among the various companies, In which from twenty to mt- eitty tint thl tmim, mHi of ftv# #m- ployees and a subject, participated. The teams are Inntructed by the company Burgeon*. Tha amount of ««o.t aecompllslied by tbcaa teams la slmniv wonderful. The letters given below from Or. J. It, Walnwrigbt, surgeon-ln-ehtpf of the Moses Taylor Hospital at Scranton, wboee beds aw fro* for all lba Injured of the IVtawaro, La-ckawanna tk Western -Ooal Company, aad from i)r. iu.d/ki, W. Ouibrli', of Wilka* liar re, wbom promlaant -connection with the Amarleaa Jladleal AMorlatloa lot mnny tmt* bnn aitca lilm a -ton* erved aatkmal rapatatlon, apaal tn *iO nr certain terms of lha ralite- of nyn* t*>mat!r flrtt aid Instruction The »v»l comtilM* mine Uoapital of ivlitnli I have nny linowteitan la onn rereatly -Kalpped by tba Klagatoa American miners, can .realize how fortunate they are when the present conditions in the Dundee district, in South Africa, are realized. If colored men are Injured they have to He on Min fl-nrty /%f nntwfl g^V.M bu!!ding**-*-&»<l- uwait the ambulance which often is many hours late. Then a long drive over rough roads must be undertaken. Usually only one or two persons are injured In an. accident, and they can be roughly accommodated in the room where the medicines are kept, but if a lnzeii men were Injured in an accident, the needless suffering tliey would have to undergo before reaching a hospital must be terrible.--The Colliery Engineer. i.N'ote—TIip above conditions prevail despite the stupendous profits pro- I ii cod for the benefit of the IlandltcK hy thexe .self-same workers, If you •.v J jf li to net anything you must go after It: very little Is obtained without agitation by those most affected.! By Ralph S. Doubleday "Hello, J-immy!" "Hello, Spud!" "Goin" f the circus?" , "Nope. I ain't got no money." "Y'ain't got ho money?" " "Nope." I, "Gee, I ffiought you and the other kids was goin' to make a lot o' money pickin' mushrooms." k "We was, and* we did-, but we ain't." "Well, how about it? Why can't you tell a feller?" "Well, it's this way. Spud, nie an' Freckles and a couple of other kids, we see all them mushrooms over there in them vacant lots an' we hikes down to the market an' a guy down there says, -sure, I'l buy mushrooms. Fifty tents a pound. Fetch 'em along.' So me an' the other kids comes back an" we goes to work pickin' mushrooms. Gee, we worked, too. Well, just about when we gits to pickin' good, along comes Pig-Kye. You know 'Pig-Eye' Smith, that fat kid?" "A yah." "Well, I says, 'Hello, PlgBye!" like that, to 'lm. An' he says 'Hello!' -An' I says, 'Come on Pig-Eye; git to work,' I says,-, 'you're in on this.' A.n' he dont git to work? He don't do nothin' but jist stand around and loaf an' watch us fellers. An' then, after a while, another kid says to him, he* says, 'Aw, come on, Pig-Bye. Do somethin'. Ain't you goin' to git in on.this?' An' Pig-Eye says, 'I'm iu on It now,' he says, lily old man owns these, here lots.' he says. "Well, I looks at Freckles, an' Freckles looks at nie, an' then Freckles ways to me kind o' low, he says, 'That's right. My dad told me Pig-Eye's old man traded al balky horse to a sucker for these lots a long time ago." "Well, anyhow, we picks and picks and picks, an' -Pig-Eye Jist stands around and don't do nothin' 'cept he grins at Min Dineen when she goes by; that's Freckleses girl, y' know. An' by and by we got a whole big basketful o' mushrooms. 1 bet they was a hundred dollar's worth, or maybe not more than five or seven dollars' worth, I do' know. Anyhow, they was a lot. An' then we was goin' to go and git the money, and Pig-Eye, he says, 'Here, slnime them mushrooms. I'll take 'em down an' git the money,' he says. '"Fer why?' says Freckles. '"TheyYe mine,' says Pig-Eye. " 'Yours? Aber nit,' says Freckles. "'Sure,' says Pig-Eye. " 'We seen 'em, and we found 'em, an' nobody had 'em, an' nobody.picked 'om, only us,' says Freckles. "„'But these Is my old man's lots,' says Plg-Eye. " 'Your old man didn't raise the Johnsons. Culture aud war have absolutely nothing to do with each other. Kitchener is not of the, same species as Shakespeare or Dickens or Stephenson Hindenburg and Karl Marx do not speak the same tongue. Rennen- kampf and Tolstoy are not of the same planet. Leonard Wood and Mark Twain are of different strata of society. They don't belong. War, militarism, capitalism gone mad it! 'uch country' is one thing. The noble '.reasures of the minds of man is another Tney do not'breathe the same air. They are of other spheres. Marx hated Russia; but ihe elder L'ebknecht said that he always spoke of two Russians, one to be hatod, the other to be loved. The Russia of Stolypiii, of Nicholas, of the hangmen, the knout; the nation of dreadful night—that Russia we hate. The Russia of Gogol, of Pushkin, of Tschai- koweky, both Nicholas and 'Peter, of noble, god-llkc Ureshkovskaya, of the most gallant tight for liberty of all history—that Russia we love. The Germany we love is the Germany of Bebel, of the Llebknechts, of Wagner and (Mozart, of Karl 'Marx, of Kant, of Schiller. And that Germany- is not the Germany of Potsdamnation. of the demented Kaiser and his Clown Prince. And so in each country there Is a capitalism, an autocracy, tyranny that it ls the holy duty of mankind to overthrow; and in each country there is a heritage of treasure that is immortal, that is indestructible, and that-is international. And so it is one ot the saddest sights of all history to see great men. noble men, good men, so forget themselves, so prostitute themselves, as to make their culture, that belongs to all the world, the excuse for Potsdam, tor KItohener, for Revanche, for the Cossacks. It is a sad sight to see Haeckel and Maeterlinck and Wells' match nations, poet for poet, singer for singer, artist for artist, and so judge between the nations. What of It if Maeterlinck is greater than Huuptmanu? -Must one then destroy a hundred thousand useful German lives on the Yser? What if Berlin Is freer than Vilna? -Must one then slaughter over 125,000 men ln the -Marsurian marshes and lakes of E:ist .Prussia, men who might have lived to see freedom in Russia? No, culture is not Russia's'or England's, or France's. It is ours It Is for all the world. And it is a spectacle to break the heart to see this snarling and biting over culture and kultur. It Is sad to see good men write books over these trivial points. This is a war for culture, tlie war of all the people to wrest Uie culture Whnt sort of society Is this Unit has to the extent that ours has, in- "Hiinllty and injustice for Its baalsT ■Hitch a society Is fit only to be kicked out lliroiixh Uie windows-il* littiiquei tables, Its origin, it* debaucheries, Un t.cmindrt'ttami-V together with till tiiono who nre seated leaning on, the backs nf others whom they keep down on all- fours,—Victor Hugo. mushrooms. He never seen 'em. Ner he didn't make the lots, neither,' says Freckles. "'Them's my mushrooms, all the Barney,' says Pig-Eye. 'Don't get sore an' be a knocker," says he. I'll give you fellers a nickel apiece. Gee, how much do you want?' says Ue. He s:iy,s, 'Do you want the earth with a handle on It Jist for workln?' he says. An' Iun ho mifkes like he was goin' to take the basket. " •The hell you say." sjys Freckles. 'Ice, t never heard Freckles swear so liefore. An' thru, when Pig-Eye grab* !iolt of I Iif- banket, Freckles panics hhn a beaut ill tho •»}('. An' then Pig-Eye ho pastes back at l-Vecldes, Au' i sunns all thu*. ki<!» was good an' sore -yh-pn they »eui how Pig-Eye wan irVin' u» he Miieh a urafter ah* ihey all take* a good wallop iu 'lm, An* well, say, Spud,: hones' to Onwd. that fat kid was nome right: fer fair. You'had uaht to or saw bim. I bet he's so tuic< i '.'e ilunkx he's got unli* all over him." J "I've, What did you fellows do with Mie numlinio-ms?" j "Miishrruaij-*,? Oh, tlu.y nut *(|iiatili-vd i'i: '.'.,*. fight. .Windy go' nothlnV — I X, V. Call.- Directory of Fraternal Societies B8S2S25g£2S£ffi£$ INDEPENDENT ORDER OF ODD FELLOWS Meets every Wednesday evening at 8 o'clock In K. P. Hall. Noble Grand, J. T. Puokey. Secretary, J. B. Mcikjejohn. ESTHER REBEKAH LODGE NO. 20 meets first - and third Thursdays in month, at 8 p. m„ in K. P. Hall. A. MINTON. N. G. S. TOWNSEND. R. Sec. ANCIENT ORDER OF FORESTERS rj, Meet at Aiello's Hall -sec- ! ond and third Mondays ia | each month. John M. Woods, Secretary. Fernie, Box 657. KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS Meet every Tuesday at 7JS0 p.m. ln their own Hall, Victoria Avenue. C. C. T. Ratcllffe. K. of S., D. J. Black. M. of F., Jas. Madison. L07AL ORDER OF MOOSE Meets every Monday at 7:30 p. m„ in K. of P. Hall. Dictator, F. H. Newnham. Secretary, G. Mooes. * 140 Howland Ave. LOYAL TRUE BLUE ASSOCIATION Lady Terrace Lodge, No. •'•J.4. meets ln the K. P. Hell n/vomi ami fourth Friday of each month at 8 p. ra. ..MKS. J. BROOKS, W. *!. v". ORR, Secretary. LOYAL ORANGEMEN Terrace Lodge 1713. Meet at tbe K. P. Hall first and third Friday evening of each month at 7.30. Visiting brethren cordially invited. It. CRIOHTON. W. M. 1. SHILLING. Rec. Sec. iTjgaingj^mmwf •Wats cr omo, Ott or Toi tw>.» , . LtVAH COI'.VTV. ("• * Vkusk 4. CittxiT m»koe otth tbat he It koU) oartner ot tlie Arm ot f. J. Ctttstx A Ou., doing buitaon In tlw City or Toledo. County *9i HteU alon-nlil. and that laid ftrro will pay tbe wo of <-\B HUMMKD DOLLARS lor radi and rtrrr t**9 ,tf t'ATAKMi tlut tanuot be rami oy tbe um ot Baua oUamm <N-m». of the ages from the hands of the ruling classes, to take It for. themselves, to use it among all the people, from whom it sprung. It is a war to overthrow Potsdam and Petrograd. It Is a war to overthrow the exploitation of the world, and Its people, and its cul- -.ure, by tho chosen few. But that war ts not between Japan and Turkey; it ls not between Bel- | slum and Austria. It Is hetween the nrixters in all lauds, and In all land« the disinherited, the doomed and the damned, 'rankj.cheney; gvrora to bnore me and aubactibfd to my preaenetb tail (th Uay ul December. A. O.. llie. , —4—- , A. XV. GLEABO.V. j SIAL > NOTART FtHLtC. Haifa ftUrrti Cute t» tab* Interaatty and a<U dlitcUy unor t-l- Wood euu mueoua aurlaert o| tho ■v«trm. -Seo-i Ior tfntlinonub, In-e. ' r. 4. cur.NKv * co., Toiod* o Mit by al! Drucvlrta. 7 If. > •' > Tkka tlali" family lllll lot «oaiUn*Uon. Hut about that war, tbe professors are not writing books as they are over this. Por that war apelU the moet dread thing In the world to the masters—It spells revolutlon,-~N. V. Call. '* ■nt It/OMttj flQUAL, StifMSii KULTUR, CULTURE & WAR 'By William Morris Ftl««fibaum Now that the avalanche of dtplo- msttr pa pen white, yellow, gn>, on ine and bhu* -!• spending Itself*, ee may take Mock of (Mir effects and Judge. "The ,11* I* n Kuiopean power," aald l.attMlU' Diplomacy la lylnt; dlpto- Ho the universal cry ia "thilinre," That Germany Is—or waa—a twtter country to live In for tbt thinker, tor tlie liberal, for the free man and woman, goea without saying. Thai free nnd untrammeled thought wan far mort» free and nntramnielpd In Berlin (ban In 81, Peteralmti evrrjbon know*. Thst Oermany ha* protltit*i One Woman's Opinion. "I twve btcn aiktd what kind of advertisements influence me moet. Unquestionably, tha onea I read in our own local paper. I read that paper when I am at home and thinking about household affairs. When 1 am away, my mind is fully occupied with other things. Perhaps I do see bill board and street car advertisements, but I certainly do not remember them. The advertisements that attract me moat in the home paper are tha ones that give real news, such as prices, styles and particulars of quality." It pays to advertise intelligently in tha home ,iaper. matli* naitera contain only masked |«*»r» »ork» of art, more music, mom thought*. It* very language ahowa| ■»<«• rum*, more "k»!i»r" than. n*y im mnlmn-r »amn>. (or tn diplomacy *S*r*ia ur Montenegro, ueet* m piwt, on* use* -etpfcfr." and fli*#r. tn ttt! *<* *»»» it Uermaay'* eoverament -tnd i J>*i>MMtW ment*. i-tmt-* U*»m '>MII*j*" , S***.U5«»S, *$A mi'#\ 'in*-*l"*mVmm* ,**.n | •aSilrfc m<ftitt» to lie. to tttialt* ut a»! **mmlr lli* nrt* In ttnnut ot atVu) nhfusr-atr Th»» we Miold Willy and "I'twrtlon h» (Hmmek horde*. <H *r* Sirbt* nntl tl*enl* ptaylng at twtng \ *°nl* •* * *»'M mr*** to un ot ituotl luuaiua, whlta * MWi-ttit-m later we j "*n»tnr." ftlid Hie mitiii* nii'ii .iliijtug at Mug ! lint nti<>ii tliimi Mmm erlmn i»im.i»n personally at *ar wltk mtb oth^r. We | that It is Tmion rvrrna »»•». mat it it**** *tiHmfamt ex Html .\*», * vmi*et».**t*r *****»***,***, ■*»,* *m*i*, •*•** ***** *##«*'i -*- ■<-**' *ma*l+ ttrtmami. **n*iOt*.' i.**t |Ji'l*'v^ <■**» 'JA'.-JtWJ- *Vr ithl- >w**1d ,-'iV *#• j - ■'" ■■"• XV- .*'.* i'1.'.1,),'-,V, ,:,--:..-1,1,11 i'i"'.]1!-,1; ..' 4.- S .*«,*' .ii #*> .*,,».»,« *, „ ,: S* ,, U M»t ** t*-«t il*- m*m§t* pup*] tw ih*]hlf ii,*.am «» o^Ontei to Hettiau liar r-ma* ol th* war. Tk-*f artml* mil hart.*** Ht nmk** m* Hma% Xt,«, he trn* ts Ikeir nat«r» if they WM j wk** • ataff tmwm at Otter* t-tbt tb* troth Anaiol* Wtnnr* doe* not J wnr nnd mttnre." hy iobxt rotitfr erallng tmm in htr* toeoi. Thin bm >—llAjht KMA^a fan Mkjaa alkdat -mmA»m* Mm--kVlLtt C^att IJMtlT-fll! FfPWPI TW -mm fllWff WwrWaWHP.1 WlpitPP linW ■frmnton, Pa., tnty tH, 1*14 W, **. **. MA**. . * KtagmuM, r*. fleer ttr. Lake. Replym« to your neon tetter I bn to suite that wt kar* In tommt jnttra a«tfr*tf Ik* fUMltat tmyrowaatot In mom *mn- l»t to tb* Mmaae Tertor flanpNal m*.MJ9 ^m^A'*M^M99-9m mtm*^99^*l^9tm. ik. tm——, inti otwittotmory mraaantnr* am wm ml** humoral* -m aHamefheen «# tW tiauflft vl flrut m trnmn, U in n omvtm fist m tori 'to pvt-airetit- , n# «rt ttifett aWw tm mw tta IN itt nf *eamm*t**atitm*-. a^aam^t an aanm atuws p tmttr *ntmntm* twa^r km* tnthmttm- nm* rHn-Hp MIM th* arrMnk*. lament llarkel Ooen not 4o tultant aervir* fer tke fafkertend t*t-r*ete Rnaala taekei on yterrlt IKplMnalk tMienxMire* M #m4 leaai tlnton en'twlt tmm. Uo the omepXt* bee't -Ub* *,e*k bn *Xt*Xmmmi"*,- *»»t«#stt* Wet ib** hh l-t-t'. 9*.*,-it,t^*~9.. ttt V». .»ttoW>« »**« •<.,•■ Hon ttntbt. worm ounttf tbm Um rin ka» owlo**4 ni*»i Ihtnfc^ra, he, too, make* one taoak, Mar ho "ewttur-e* will ba* «vept mt !| of •*l»lea*e. aitkowrk tmmy, wtitf • tlio* o**n *m Wbtt** tlhrtrl** *-?»«»' ■ Uii* a *'-****■ mtltm ir*t**, tk* <**r: .< |.»te »«f r,»lV ***$ ttthl^t.9 n* f,.'» ' Great Northern Railway Humid Umii.t I'amni-iig, r train l.-«%. % F*-mtr Mt '»,.tti j».« M-nkoti itt*e»M»» «i«ni»*-l*kin •»* tinier „t .,*'** tt,*' ,.*■:* 1 " . "• eat with thrvniffh ottrvi*** f»i «*ht*-«»rt en I ih,- *r*,e*t «k> tn.iin. l>Vrntf tn t'ktfafo Tif-JitHN t.i nl! |mmt« mt ent*- «t KrrnH" llp|»at, VV.- nf«|ii«-tt llli,- liuatiifwk ..i Aitvitii, ri>fiititi|-)tMiiiif h irij» in KunMw Wv hav#> tin- lal.-nt"»)iilmp» Html* %*»»-nr f-m-chl **it* lir,** Vd-ctt*,,..*-,, ff.,*-»«**,, f*,.. tmt tmgbt itt»«« fnnn ilth-np, md «t |*eul ! ! «rti*t bnt* pmrnt. renmtx,. N'o tmtetittittt «f*d titttb'i. «if ifcngim uua titfi-n ■im* li mme* nt n trnnm tka*t -«ar| teek ami IVrmaN ftkaw «tl1 n*» 4t* *l -roenm *• ** 6****t-' Oermuttty moot tint* it* bin mm bnfem « «* 4U €Wi«f-e, art. totmatiiMi*. rttuiMUut.*, ttnnoM k» lim-tva-riNt. TJwv it* •,.* -m-Httal Tfctf Omtttlr* ***** »1';"»' •ttk Its mm* Mfftkat •*•>< it* r.ifti i m*n*h*mV*H* tmm trmn *'hu-nf!»*, NwHtdrn. Mf»tf» xttur i-sj»r»**» via lh«» lin-Mt Xorilii»n» Kv l»rt-«<a rt>m|**ii»y « |in#«. S^ififiinf liy Kunmm in-attrwii iti*A'*-*k»t I***** .»v' «(,*».vk-AW« We* fifttn** iftt«r*itlftri ajpfi U J.1.0OL1, Afllfit ThMtufk 'im Ciirliiiirtoti ami fit. temrtitiiiit^. tat ■:t.ai#i» -s-fer Sin •u*-: ST Page EIGHT PIBTMOT LEDQER, FEBHIE, B. G„ JANUARY 16,1915. "- 'V. Our Dry Goods Dept. Kimona Flannelette (Reversible) Extra soft flercy finish; makes a warm and cozy kimona, dressing gown or jacket. A big selection to choose from. Regular 35c. Saturday Special 22%c. yard Hockey Toques This i.s a very special line. Comes in all plain colors and two color combination. Regular ')•"• and 45c. Saturday Special 25c. Curtain Nets and Scrims Jn pretty and exclusive designs. These iutvp lieen selling up to 35c. and 45c. per yard: Saturday Special 2 yds. for 35c. Comforter Special .. A full-sized and well filled Comforter, with coverings of chintz and art sateens. Extra warm and cozy. Regular, $2.50 and $2.75. ' Pay Day Special $1.95 Children's Coats Children's Coats at a great reduction. Now. is your opportunity to get warm coats for the children at a small cost. Serviceable Coats in tweed, blanket cloth and curl cloth; lined throughout. —CoR-hrsBlUnjr-a^^ $4t00~ Coats selling at $6.50, for ;. $4.95 Coats selling at $8.50, for $6.40 Coats selling at $1.00, for $7.50 Children's Dresses Children's Dresses in good practical styles, neatly trimmed with satin and others with contrasting material. They come in serge, panama, shepherd pfoid and velvet. Dresses selling at $3.50 for $2.65 Dresses selling at $4.50 for .$3 40 Dresses selling at $5.00, for $3.75 Dresses selling at $7.50, for $5.65 EATS 15 Lots go on said Saturday for $2.00. In this lot are Hats worth from $5.00 to $8.50. ..Saturday Special $2,00 House Dj-esiee 18 House Dresses in good strong ginghams, iii light and dark colors; sices 32 to 36. Regular priee $1.50 to $2.00, Saturday 8peclal 90c. t " Pongee Silk This in exceptionally good value, Eaftra strong weave; very serviceable for waists, kimona*and underwear. Regular 40g. Pay Day Special 25c. yard Our Hardware Department Trunks and Btfi Our stoi*k in <-«»fiiiiletej prk-sm are lower, c-otMistont with thc quality, than ever shown in Fernie beforo. If yon m-mtemplate ptirehaainft baggage of any kind gut our pri-.' lM-f«tr« yon make your purcbanoa, Trunk Department Second floor Our Hardware i)e|i»rtiiifnt btbla many good #*,*U»-,«4 J* -*« t **«>»f| >t*ftj9trt tt.*..* ***.•' . .J.,4 «.-) »* •,* fat t* u.fi,.' .ill., m< il itt** |-l"l.i mi ttti iioUM-U-ii-vk UnAAIllWHUi! A. Ttawsn*. Knametwun*. -tii ine wan*. Bilwrwai*, (ilawwan*, Htwm and Rnngra, Cutlery. I'nints and Oils, Wire und TwA*. The prii'e nftitrinttn in Ibk HWtion nr* very nitwit ing. H-m» thfm tor your- ae!f. '7\ -V (A % I OUR WOOLENS HAVE NOT ADVANCED sr, 'U i i The war has caused a great shortage of wool in this Country and consequently a great advance in prices. We are fortunate in having secured a good stock of the best before the advance took place, and are now in a position to offer extra good values but we have decided to still further cut the prices for Payday which will make one dollar do the work of two. See our window for special cuts on heavy wool underwear, r ~i Sox, Mitts, and Mackinaw clothing etc. I I I 0 I t I I % I i fi V*. sox Our best 50e. and 60c. heavy UNDERWEAR LUMBERMEN'S SOX 1 1 i wool Sox will be sold at . ,40c. pr. Stant'ield's heiavywool grey wi ll Our best 40c. and 45c. heavy denvear. v P fJLOO S°X wiU be S°Jd " 3 Pr* f°r sPecial • • • •" fe° Per garment | Our .regular t)yc. Spx in heavy i wool, ribbed or plain, on sale Fay -p~ DayTTfTTT7nTTTTT7TTTT"20c; pfT | MITTS -^ Carss heavy wool Mitts, double wrist, soft, warm and good wearing. Special 40c, | Penman's wool Mitts in red and | black, black and white, or blue « mixture. A mitt worth 50c pair. Special for Fay Day 25c. pr. St-anfield'8 heavy wool white underwear. {- ' ..- Heavy Mackinaw Sox, red stripe | at top; reglar price $1.50. Special .' $U0 Heavy Black worsted Sox, string tips. e\tm 'heavy: regular $1.25 Special '.. $1125 per garment Special ,. 90c. Penman's heavy wool ribbed un- =*2jjg 5L001 lrawbermen's denvear. v ^A Sox; regular $1.25. Special ....:... afe; per garment sPeolal 75c< Striped red and black heavy Penman's Scotejtt knit pure , wiool lumbermen's sox. Regular wool, blue tip, underwear Special $1 \' per garment value, $1.00. Special 60c. YOUR LAST CHANCE To get a choice of our new winter overcoats at a reduction of 20 per cent There has been no reserve, you can have the choice of our complete stock. We have all sizes and the newest styles, get your overcoat now 20% Reduction. mmmmmmmtxemmmm Do You Need a Suit? Our Payday values this week are all Money Savers; Beautiful tweeds, serges and worsteds in a great variety of colors and patterns on sale Saturday and Monday at $10. and $15. Don't Fail to see These if you need a Suit for Spring :M...i&*y,.:..:.-f*i.yu^m:**y Pay day Bargains in Footwear Men's Black High Out Boots . . .^ Men's 8 iiv-uh tops, -made ol heavy oil grain stti-cky well nailed soles; a good, serviceable, solid le«^,^.5 hoot. Regular value $5.00 pair. I'-v-"^-'' Special tyy Day Price, pair $3.9$^ Men's 8 niili tops, heavy cut Boots, made - ia brown grain leather, laced to top, heavy- outside counter'and well nailed soles, Regular value $5.58 pair. '••.--* Special Pay Day Price, pair $4.25 20 Per Cent Discount on all Meh's Hockey Boots and Hookey Skates 20 Percent. Discount on all Ladies' and Children's Pelt and Cloth Slippers <-- ..■it :,,\ '-»>>" -ii* Furniture Dept. Mattresses Curled wood fibre filled, wool faced both sideB and edges, well tufted; good quality ticking; sizes • 4 feet and 4 i'oet 6 inches. Regular $5.00. Saturday Special $3.90 All cotton Mattresses, well carded, tufted and covered with good quality fancy art ticking; 4 feet, size only. Regular, $10.00 and $11.50. Saturday Special $7.06 Wallpapers Now is a good time to paper the room syak Jhaiije. *"liBBirthinfeingTibDnt: Ybu^wii'rfrairoTir stock rlghtr""^ up to the minute. Patterns to suit all tastes end prices that ap*. *l > to everyone from 15c. a roll up. JiW remnanU done up in bundles at 10c, i>er roll, Idnoleunu Good quality Scotch and Canadian Linoletjma in floral and block patterns; 6 ft. wide. Regular 55o. per square yard, for the balance of the month at 47%c per square yard. Carpet'and Linoleum remnants at big reductions. Cocoa Mats for outside the door; good quality. Regular value 85c. Special 75c. Grocery Specials Braid's Best Coffee, freah ground* 2 lbs 85 Braid's Big Four, fresh ground, 2 lbs 75 Libby'« Sliced Pon«hw, 1V* tt»V tins, 2 for 8> Libby's Sliced Pineapple, 2 R>. (tall) 80 Libby's Sliced Pineapple, 2 lb. (flat) 85 Navel Oranges, per half case .1.75 Baldwin Apples, per box 1.40 Kootenay Jam, Plum, -Gooseberry and Cherry 5 lb. pail 19 Red Seal Jam, 5 lb. pail ..., 50 Shamrock Matches, 2 pkgs. for 15 Riley's Toffy, per lb. 15 Cream Chocolates, per lb. 85 Siam Riee, 4 Mw 85 Braid's best Hulk Tea, 2 lbs 90 Special Blend Bulk Tea, 8 lba. ..., Tb Okanagan Onions, 10 lbs. 85 Okanagan Carrots, 12 lbs, 85 Okansgan Turnips ,16 lbs 35 PROVISIOJf DlPARTimiT Umpire ITam, himvy, per lb 18 Kmpire Baeon, heavy, per lh. 81 Kippered Herring. 2 lbs. 85 Bloaters, per lh. .•......,..••...... .10 Finnan ITaddic, per tb 18H Fresh Tlerring, p«r lb. ..., 10 Fresh Halibut.per lb. 18V4 Frcsh T«kc Trout, per lb ...*.,., .16 Fresh Maekerel, per lb 15 Ijard, *$ lh, pull .......................... .w Imtxt, u in. pun .10 tSeievXeii ijookim *'««*. •* *-*«>*• l.# Dill Piekles, 2 twt, ,,,.,,.,,,.'.*,,..*,,, .*m*'- Fwwh Killwl Turkey, per lb,..., .85 Frrsb Killwl Tnrki*. iw lb. , 15 nwi utta-ik -tiiBtPiw, iwr iu. ................ yJtb Frw* KilW Du-ckn, per lb. 80 Fr«ih Killwl (1ilek«i. per Ib, .80 ;»•- A A The Store of | Quality ^BfitatafflHi TRITES-WOOD COMPANY, Ltd BRANCHES AT FERNIE, MICHEL, NATAL AND COAL CREEK Money Sw» ing Prices /
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The District Ledger 1915-01-16
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Item Metadata
Title | The District Ledger |
Publisher | Fernie, B.C. : F.H Newnham |
Date Issued | 1915-01-16 |
Description | The Nakusp Ledge was published in Nakusp, in the Central Kootenay region of southeastern British Columbia, from October 1893 to December 1894. The paper was subsequently published as the Ledge both in New Denver, from December 1894 to December 1904, and in Fernie, from January to August 1905. The Ledge was published by Robert Thornton Lowery, a prolific newspaper publisher, editor, and printer who was also widely acclaimed for his skill as a writer. After moving to Fernie, the paper continued to be published under variant titles, including the Fernie Ledger and the District Ledger, from August 1905 to August 1919. |
Geographic Location |
Fernie (B.C.) Fernie |
Genre |
Newspapers |
Type |
Text |
FileFormat | application/pdf |
Language | English |
Notes | Preceding Title: The Fernie Ledger Frequency: Weekly |
Identifier | District_Ledger_1915_01_16 |
Series |
BC Historical Newspapers |
Source | Original Format: Royal British Columbia Museum. British Columbia Archives. |
Date Available | 2016-07-26 |
Provider | Vancouver : University of British Columbia Library |
Rights | Images provided for research and reference use only. Permission to publish, copy, or otherwise use these images must be obtained from the Digitization Centre: http://digitize.library.ubc.ca/ |
AIPUUID | 5dc750e6-4570-4a6e-8f61-2c8d865f226e |
DOI | 10.14288/1.0309029 |
Latitude | 49.504167 |
Longitude | -115.062778 |
AggregatedSourceRepository | CONTENTdm |
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