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Wu, Nana

University of British Columbia

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Research has shown that movement behaviours (physical activity, sedentary behaviour (SB), and sleep) are related to cardiovascular health; and physical activity plays an important role in the prevention of CVD and the improvement of overall health and wellbeing in individuals with T1D. The purpose of this dissertation was to evaluate cardiovascular responses to long-term exercise (Chapter 2), and acute high intensity interval (HIIE) versus moderate intensity continuous exercise (MICE) in individuals with T1D (Chapter 3); to assess movement behaviours and CVD risk factors in adolescents living with T1D, in comparison with their peers without T1D (Chapter 4); to examine the relationships between movement behaviours and CVD risk factors (Chapter 4 & 5); to investigate the combined effect of time spent in physical activity, SB and sleep which together can be considered to constitute a composite on CVD risk factors within a compositional data analysis (Chapter 6). In Chapters 2 and 3, we conducted two systematic reviews and meta-analyses. In Chapters 4, 5 and 6, 48 adolescents living with T1D and 19 of their peers living without T1D were studied, movement behaviours and CVD risk factors were assessed. We found that exercise training increased aerobic fitness and reduced glycated hemoglobin, daily insulin dosage and total cholesterol (Chapter 2) and HIIE may be safer than MICE for individuals with T1D, as it carries a lower risk of early-onset hypoglycemia without causing a higher occurrence of hyperglycemia and nocturnal hypoglycemia (Chapter 3); adolescents living with T1D presented early signs of CVD risk and demonstrated lower physical activity levels and aerobic fitness compared to their peers without T1D (Chapters 4); all participants slept less than the recommended 8 hours per night (Chapters 5) and increased sleep and decreased LIPA have negative consequences in cardiovascular health in adolescents living with T1D, (Chapters 6). Movement behaviours including regular physical activity, reducing SB, and obtaining adequate sleep play important roles in the prevention of CVD in adolescents living with T1D, optimizing these behaviours may lead to improvement of cardiovascular health in these individuals.

Text

2021-10-25

Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International

http://hdl.handle.net/2429/80051

Kinesiology

University of British Columbia

UBCV

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/