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Low stock, high demand: Strategies for recruitment and mentorship of new engineering librarians librarians Aleteia Greenwood, University of British Columbia • Vancouver, BC, Canada Julie Mitchell, University of Minnesota • Minneapolis, MN, USA Introduction While hiring committees often seek engineering information professionals with subject specific knowledge, availability of such candidates is low. The issue is not new, but will persist without active effort by practicing engineering librarians.  Survey Results  Discussion  A total of 120 responses were collected; a response rate of 25%. The majority of respondents worked in academic libraries (figure 1). Of the respondents, 95.4% held Masters Degrees in Library and Information Science (figure 2 ):  The following poster:  Figure 1: How would you describe the library setting in which you work?  • Examines the obstacles and challenges in finding qualified engineering librarians  Figure 2: Do you have a Masters degree in Library Science (i.e. MLS or MLIS)?  • Offers strategies for recruiting new librarians Corporate 3%  • Explores opportunities for mentoring Academic 95%  Other 2%  Literature Review It may be commonly acknowledged within the engineering librarian profession that the majority of engineering librarians do not hold degrees in engineering, but there is a lack of evidence in recent literature to support this assertion. Mosley (1995) surveyed engineering special librarians and found that of 56 respondents, only 7% held undergraduate degrees in engineering. In 1998, Winston (2001) conducted a survey to examine the educational backgrounds of science and engineering librarians and found that only 3.3% of the 103 respondents had a major in engineering.  No 4% Yes 96%  Participants were asked if they possessed an undergraduate or graduate degree in engineering and 83% indicated that they did not (figure 3). In terms of subject specific duties, 46% percent of respondents were selectors, liaisons and/or reference specialists exclusively for engineering while 54% held subject responsibilities outside of this subject area (figure 4). Figure 3: Do you possess an undergraduate or graduate degree in engineering?  There are several studies that look at the educational backgrounds of science and technology librarians in general and findings indicate that the majority of these librarians have some sort of science background (Sandy, Lembo & Manasco, 1998: Hackenberg, 2000; Hackenburg & Chu, 2002). With the exception of Mosley’s 1995 study, no research was found that looked specifically at engineering librarians. Also, 69.6% of respondents in Mosley’s study were corporate librarians.  Yes 17%  Would these same findings hold true in academic libraries?  Figure 4: Are you a selector, liasion or reference specialist for any subject area(s) outside of engineering?  Yes 54%  No 83%  No 46%  Methodology A five-question, multiple choice/yes-no answer survey was developed to elicit information from practicing engineering librarians on:  The most common selection areas outside of engineering were Computer Science, Earth Sciences, Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry (figure 5). Finally, respondents were asked if, in their opinion, it was difficult to find qualified candidates to fill engineering librarian positions. Figure 6 highlights responses to this question:  • Basic demographics • Educational backgrounds • Subject related duties • Ideas on recruitment  Figure 5: Most common collection areas outside of engineering (by number of responses)  25  The survey was produced and hosted in Survey Monkey, an online survey instrument. An email requesting participation in the survey was sent on March 19, 2007 to ELDnet-L, the online discussion list for the Engineering Libraries Division of the American Association for Engineering Education. There are 488 subscribers to this online discussion list across North America and internationally, heavily weighted to academic libraries.  20 15 10 5 0  Com puter Mathem atics/ Science Earth Science Statistics 21 Physics 17 17 15  Figure 6: Is it difficult to find qualified candidates to fill engineering librarian positions? No 18%  Chemistry 11  Yes 59% Don't know 23%  The results from this survey provide evidence to support the assertion that few engineering librarians hold engineering degrees. Of the 120 responses collected, the majority of respondents worked in academic libraries, held Masters Degrees in Library Science, but did not hold an undergraduate or graduate degree in engineering. While few of the survey respondents held engineering degrees, Hackenburg’s (2002) study provides evidence that the majority of Sci-Tech librarians hold some sort of background in the sciences, and undoubtedly, this science background provides applicable and transferable knowledge to field of engineering. Future research could collect more in-depth information on the specific educational backgrounds of engineering librarians to explore the issue in greater detail. A natural progression for aspiring librarians is to become subject specialists in the field where they possess an educational background. Since this is not the case when it comes to engineering librarianship, finding and recruiting individuals to this field presents a significant challenge. In order to address this problem, active effort by practicing engineering librarians is required. The concluding sections of this paper provide practical strategies for recruiting engineering librarians and explore opportunities for mentoring.  Strategies for Recruiting • Watch for student assistants who demonstrate enthusiasm/interest in the library; give them opportunities to develop skills that will take them forward • Participate in Career Fairs at high schools, colleges, and universities • Develop a relationship with the Careers Department at your institution in order to promote the library profession and reach out to students investigating career opportunities • If you have an on-campus or nearby Library School program: o Talk to MLIS professors about presenting to their classes on how you became an engineering librarian, who your patrons are, how you do faculty liaison work, issues in engineering librarianship, and major resources in the field o Invite a science or engineering professor who you work closely with to co-present at a library school class with you. Describe to the class how faculty and librarians work together on collection development, course specific library instruction, and research o Teach a one-credit course at the library school focused on engineering resources and reference  Strategies for Mentoring (con’t) • Mentoring goes beyond training. Mentoring can include any further support you and your mentee think is relevant and important. Such as: o Both formal and informal mentoring. Schedule regular meetings with your mentee, but also be available via email or IM should questions arise. Offer general support as a resource for any questions o Be proactive. Extend offers to read over resumes and cover letters, practice interview questions, or be an 'audience' for rehearsal of presentations. Mentees may be concerned that you are too busy for such things, and it's important to let them know you are available  Suggestions for Upcoming Engineering Librarians Learn specialized language/terminology • Read through engineering magazines such as Prism; keep an engineering dictionary at hand to look up new words and concepts Learn about trends in the field • Set up alerts for engineering journals such as Journal of Engineering Education and join the mailing list for Science and Technology Librarianship (http://www.library.ucsb.edu/istl) • Sign up for online discussion lists such as ELDNET, PAMNET, LIS-SCITECH, STS-L • Sign up for newsfeeds from Blogs such as SciTech Library Question (University of Alberta) and Engineering Resources (Drexel University) • Join professional societies such as ASEE • Take time to familiarize yourself with the research areas of the faculty members at your institution Learn the collections/literature • Use books such as Using the Engineering Literature, edited by Bonnie Osif; Guide to Information Sources in Engineering by Charles Lord; Information Sources in Grey Literature by C.P. Auger; Information Sources in Engineering, edited by R.A. MacLeod and J. Corlett. For additional titles, search LOC Subject Heading: Technical Literature  References Hackenberg, Jill M. 2000. Who chooses sci-tech librarianship? College & Research Libraries 61, no. 5:441-450.  Strategies for Mentoring We recognize there is a long history of mentoring in the library profession. Here we wish to present some ideas and thoughts that worked for us in our mentoring relationship: • Be a mentor for support in different situations. It could be important to be a mentor to people within your unit, somewhere else on your campus, or beyond your campus • Trust is perhaps the most important element to create a successful mentoring relationship  Hackenberg, Jill M. and Barbara Chu. 2002. Why does one choose sci-tech librarianship? Findings of a survey. Science & Technology Libraries 23, no. 1:3-16. Mosley, Pixey A. 1995. Engineers and librarians: How do they interact? Science & Technology Libraries 15, no. 1:51-61. Sandy, J.H., M.F. Lembo, and J.E. Manasco. 1998. Preparation for sci-tech librarianship: Results of a survey. Sci-Tech News 52, no. 1:16-17. Winston, Mark D. 2001. Academic science and engineering librarians: A research study of demographics, educational backgrounds, and professional activities. Science & Technology Libraries 19, no. 2:3-24.   LOW STOCK, HIGH DEMAND STRATEGIES FOR RECRUITMENT AND MENTORSHIP OF NEW ENGINEERING LIBRARIANS  Aleteia Greenwood, University of British Columbia Julie Mitchell, University of Minnesota June 2007  BIBLIOGRAPHY/SUGGESTED READING There is a lack of articles specifically about recruiting, training and retaining engineering librarians. The following articles are primarily about science and technology librarians and are useful to the extent that they address the issues of recruiting, training and retaining of librarians in science and technology in general. Frank, Donald G. 1989. Education for librarians in a major science-engineering library: Expectations and reality. Journal of Library Administration 11, no. 3-4:107-116. Fritzler, Peter. 2006. Made from scratch: The creation and development of a sciences librarian. Science & Technology Libraries 27, no. 1/2:99-111. Hackenberg, Jill M. 2000. Who chooses sci-tech librarianship? College & Research Libraries 61, no. 5:441-450. Hackenberg, Jill M., and Barbara Chu. 2002. Why does one choose sci-tech librarianship? Findings of a survey. Science & Technology Libraries 23, no. 1:3-16. Hallmark, Julie, and Ruth K. Seidman eds. 1998. Sci/tech librarianship: Education and training. Science & Technology Libraries 17, no 2. Hallmark, Julie, and Mary F. Lembo. 2003. Leaving science for LIS: Interviews and a survey of librarians with scientific and technical degrees. Issues in Science & Technology Librarianship 37. http://www.istl.org/03spring/refereed1.html Haselbauer, Kathleen. 1984. The making of a science librarian. Science & Technology Libraries 4, no. 3/4:35-42. Holland, Maurita P. 1998. Modeling the engineering information professional. Science & Technology Libraries 17, no. 2:31-43. Kreitz Patricia A. and JoAnn DeVries, eds. 2006. Science & Technology Libraries 27, no. 1/2. Mitchell, Victoria. The top ten things a new sci/tech librarian should know: Developing core competencies. STS Issues in Sci/Tech Library Management Discussion Group. ALA Annual Meeting, Toronto, June 22, 2003. Morris-Knower, James. 2001. Phyllostachys Aurea – Didn’t he work with Socrates? Reference work in science libraries by librarians who are not scientists. The Reference Librarian no. 72:155-169.  LOW STOCK, HIGH DEMAND STRATEGIES FOR RECRUITMENT AND MENTORSHIP OF NEW ENGINEERING LIBRARIANS  BIBLIOGRAPHY/SUGGESTED READING (CON’T) Mosley, Pixey Anne. 1995. Engineers and librarians: How do they interact? Science & Technology Libraries 15, no. 1:51-61. Pellack, Lorraine J. 2006. Uncle Albert wants you! Individual recruiting efforts are a necessity and an obligation. Science & Technology Libraries 27, no. 1/2:55-70. Storm, Paula and Wei Wei. 1994. Issues related to the education and recruitment of science/technology librarians. Science & Technology Libraries 14, no. 3:35-42. Stuart, Crit, and Miriam A. Drake. 1992. Education and recruitment of science and engineering librarians. Science & Technology Libraries 12:79-89. Winston, Mark D. 2001. Academic science and engineering librarians: A research study of demographics, educational backgrounds, and professional activities. Science & Technology Libraries 19, no. 2:3-24. Youngman, Daryl C. 1998. Changing roles for science & technology librarians as reflected in the history of Engineering index. Issues in Science & Technology Librarianship 18. http://www.istl.org/98-spring/thennow.html   LOW STOCK, HIGH DEMAND STRATEGIES FOR RECRUITMENT AND MENTORSHIP OF NEW ENGINEERING LIBRARIANS  Aleteia Greenwood, University of British Columbia Julie Mitchell, University of Minnesota June 2007  STRATEGIES FOR RECRUITING •  Watch for student assistants who demonstrate enthusiasm/interest in the Library; give them opportunities to develop skills that will take them forward  •  Participate in Career Fairs at high schools, colleges, and universities  •  Develop a relationship with the Careers Department at your institution in order to promote the library profession and reach out to students investigating career opportunities  •  If you have an on-campus or nearby Library School program: o  Talk to MLIS professors about presenting to their classes on how you became an engineering librarian, who your patrons are, how you do faculty liaison work, issues in engineering librarianship, and major resources in the field  o  Invite a science or engineering professor who you work closely with to co-present at a library school class with you. Describe to the class how faculty and librarians work together on collection development, course specific library instruction, and research  o  Teach a one-credit course at the library school focused on engineering resources and reference  STRATEGIES FOR MENTORING We recognize there is a long history of mentoring in the library profession. Here we wish to present some ideas and thoughts that worked for us in our mentoring relationship. •  Offer both formal and informal mentoring. This includes vetting resumes and cover letters, practicing interview questions, suggestions for joining list-servs, and general support as a resource for any questions  •  Be a mentor for support in different situations. It could be important to be a mentor to people within your unit, somewhere else on your campus, or beyond your campus  •  Mentoring goes beyond training. Mentoring can include any further support you and your mentee think is relevant and important. Such as:  •  o  Schedule regular meetings with your mentee, but also be available via email or IM should questions arise. Offer general support as a resource for any questions  o  Be proactive. Extend offers to read over resumes and cover letters, practice interview questions, or be an 'audience' for rehearsal of presentations. Mentees may be concerned that you are too busy for such things, and it's important to let them know you are available  Trust is perhaps the most important element to create a successful mentoring relationship  LOW STOCK, HIGH DEMAND STRATEGIES FOR RECRUITMENT AND MENTORSHIP OF NEW ENGINEERING LIBRARIANS  SUGGESTIONS FOR UPCOMING ENGINEERING LIBRARIANS Learn specialized language/terminology •  Read through engineering magazines such as Prism; keep an engineering dictionary at hand to look up new words and concepts  •  Peruse current engineering journals for new and upcoming fields of research to provide context to better answer reference questions  Learn about trends in the field •  Set up alerts for engineering journals such as Journal of Engineering Education and join the mailing list for Science and Technology Librarianship (http://www.library.ucsb.edu/istl)  •  Sign up for library online discussion lists such as ELDNET, PAMNET, and STS-L  •  Sign up for newsfeeds from Blogs such as SciTech Library Question (University of Alberta) and Engineering Resources (Drexel University)  •  Join professional societies such as the American Association for Engineering Education (ASEE) and SLA (Special Libraries Association)  •  Take time to familiarize yourself with the research areas of faculty members at your institution  •  Ask for tours of engineering facilities and labs to better understand the learning and research environments of your users  Learn the collections/literature •  Use books such as Using the Engineering Literature, edited by Bonnie Osif; Guide to Information Sources in Engineering by Charles Lord; Information Sources in Grey Literature by C.P. Auger; Information Sources in Engineering, edited by R.A. MacLeod and J. Corlett. For additional titles, search LOC Subject Heading: Technical Literature