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Biofunctionalization of Multiplexed Silicon Photonic Biosensors Puumala, Lauren S.; Grist, Samantha M.; Morales, Jennifer M.; Bickford, Justin R.; Chrostowski, Lukas; Shekhar, Sudip; Cheung, Karen C.

Abstract

Silicon photonic (SiP) sensors offer a promising platform for robust and low-cost decentralized diagnostics due to their high scalability, low limit of detection, and ability to integrate multiple sensors for multiplexed analyte detection. Their CMOS-compatible fabrication enables chip-scale miniaturization, high scalability, and low-cost mass production. Sensitive, specific detection with silicon photonic sensors is afforded through biofunctionalization of the sensor surface; consequently, this functionalization chemistry is inextricably linked to sensor performance. In this review, we first highlight the biofunctionalization needs for SiP biosensors, including sensitivity, specificity, cost, shelf-stability, and replicability and establish a set of performance criteria. We then benchmark biofunctionalization strategies for SiP biosensors against these criteria, organizing the review around three key aspects: bioreceptor selection, immobilization strategies, and patterning techniques. First, we evaluate bioreceptors, including antibodies, aptamers, nucleic acid probes, molecularly imprinted polymers, peptides, glycans, and lectins. We then compare adsorption, bioaffinity, and covalent chemistries for immobilizing bioreceptors on SiP surfaces. Finally, we compare biopatterning techniques for spatially controlling and multiplexing the biofunctionalization of SiP sensors, including microcontact printing, pin- and pipette-based spotting, microfluidic patterning in channels, inkjet printing, and microfluidic probes.

Item Metadata

Title
Biofunctionalization of Multiplexed Silicon Photonic Biosensors
Creator
Puumala, Lauren S.; Grist, Samantha M.; Morales, Jennifer M.; Bickford, Justin R.; Chrostowski, Lukas; Shekhar, Sudip; Cheung, Karen C.
Contributor
University of British Columbia. Centre for Blood Research
Publisher
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Date Issued
2022-12-29
Description
Silicon photonic (SiP) sensors offer a promising platform for robust and low-cost decentralized diagnostics due to their high scalability, low limit of detection, and ability to integrate multiple sensors for multiplexed analyte detection. Their CMOS-compatible fabrication enables chip-scale miniaturization, high scalability, and low-cost mass production. Sensitive, specific detection with silicon photonic sensors is afforded through biofunctionalization of the sensor surface; consequently, this functionalization chemistry is inextricably linked to sensor performance. In this review, we first highlight the biofunctionalization needs for SiP biosensors, including sensitivity, specificity, cost, shelf-stability, and replicability and establish a set of performance criteria. We then benchmark biofunctionalization strategies for SiP biosensors against these criteria, organizing the review around three key aspects: bioreceptor selection, immobilization strategies, and patterning techniques. First, we evaluate bioreceptors, including antibodies, aptamers, nucleic acid probes, molecularly imprinted polymers, peptides, glycans, and lectins. We then compare adsorption, bioaffinity, and covalent chemistries for immobilizing bioreceptors on SiP surfaces. Finally, we compare biopatterning techniques for spatially controlling and multiplexing the biofunctionalization of SiP sensors, including microcontact printing, pin- and pipette-based spotting, microfluidic patterning in channels, inkjet printing, and microfluidic probes.
Subject
silicon photonics; evanescent field biosensor; SOI biosensor; biofunctionalization; functionalization; bioreceptor; immobilization chemistry; biopatterning; microfluidics
Genre
Article
Type
Text
Language
eng
Date Available
2024-12-18
Provider
Vancouver : University of British Columbia Library
Rights
CC BY 4.0
DOI
10.14288/1.0447540
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/2429/89917
Affiliation
Applied Science, Faculty of; Non UBC; Biomedical Engineering, School of; Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of
Citation
Biosensors 13 (1): 53 (2023)
Publisher DOI
10.3390/bios13010053
Peer Review Status
Reviewed
Scholarly Level
Faculty; Researcher
Rights URI
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
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CC BY 4.0