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Polymeric nanocarriers for the treatment of systemic iron overload Hamilton, Jasmine L.; Kizhakkedathu, Jayachandran N.

Abstract

Desferrioxamine (DFO), deferiprone (L1) and desferasirox (ICL-670) are clinically approved iron chelators used to treat secondary iron overload. Although iron chelators have been utilized since the 1960s and there has been much improvement in available therapy, there is still the need for new drug candidates due to limited long-term efficacy and drug toxicity. Moreover, all currently approved iron chelators are of low molecular weight (MW) (<600 Da) and the objectives reported for the “ideal” chelator of low MW, including possessing the ability to promote iron excretion without causing toxic side effects, has proven difficult to realize in practice. With prolonged iron chelator use, patients may develop toxicities or become insensitive. In contrast, the limited research that has been geared towards developing higher MW, polymeric, long circulating iron chelators has shown promise. The inherent potential of polymeric iron chelators toward longer plasma half-lives and reduction in toxicity provides optimism and may be a significant addition to the currently available low MW iron chelators. This article reviews knowledge pertaining to this theme, highlights some unique advantages that these nanomedicines have in treating systemic iron overload as well as their potential utility in the treatment of other disease states.

Item Metadata

Title
Polymeric nanocarriers for the treatment of systemic iron overload
Creator
Hamilton, Jasmine L.; Kizhakkedathu, Jayachandran N.
Contributor
University of British Columbia. Centre for Blood Research
Publisher
BioMed Central
Date Issued
2015-03-24
Description
Desferrioxamine (DFO), deferiprone (L1) and desferasirox (ICL-670) are clinically approved iron chelators used to treat secondary iron overload. Although iron chelators have been utilized since the 1960s and there has been much improvement in available therapy, there is still the need for new drug candidates due to limited long-term efficacy and drug toxicity. Moreover, all currently approved iron chelators are of low molecular weight (MW) (<600 Da) and the objectives reported for the “ideal” chelator of low MW, including possessing the ability to promote iron excretion without causing toxic side effects, has proven difficult to realize in practice. With prolonged iron chelator use, patients may develop toxicities or become insensitive. In contrast, the limited research that has been geared towards developing higher MW, polymeric, long circulating iron chelators has shown promise. The inherent potential of polymeric iron chelators toward longer plasma half-lives and reduction in toxicity provides optimism and may be a significant addition to the currently available low MW iron chelators. This article reviews knowledge pertaining to this theme, highlights some unique advantages that these nanomedicines have in treating systemic iron overload as well as their potential utility in the treatment of other disease states.
Subject
Iron overload; Iron chelation therapy; Iron chelators; Desferrioxamine; Deferiprone; Desferasirox; Nanomaterials; Polymeric chelators
Genre
Article
Type
Text
Language
eng
Date Available
2015-11-05
Provider
Vancouver : University of British Columbia Library
Rights
Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
DOI
10.14288/1.0215963
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/2429/55207
Affiliation
Chemistry, Department of; Medicine, Faculty of; Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Department of; Science, Faculty of
Citation
Molecular and Cellular Therapies. 2015 Mar 24;3(1):3
Publisher DOI
10.1186/s40591-015-0039-1
Peer Review Status
Reviewed
Scholarly Level
Faculty
Copyright Holder
Hamilton and Kizhakkedathu; licensee BioMed Central.
Rights URI
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
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Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)